CINXE.COM

The real politics | Kuwait Times Newspaper

<!DOCTYPE html> <html itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/WebPage" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <head> <title>The real politics | Kuwait Times Newspaper</title> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/theme_kuwaittimes/images/favicon.ico"/> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="ROBOTS" content="index,follow"> <meta name="language" content="en"> <meta name="copyright" content="Kuwait Times"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1"> <meta name="description" content=" During the brutal Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in 1990, many voices in the United States, both within the public and the media, urged President George H W Bush not..." /> <meta name="keywords" content="kuwait times, kuwait news, Dr Khalid Al-Saleh" /> <meta name="Idkeywords" content="52980" /> <meta name="pageType" content="article" /> <meta name="url" content="https://kuwaittimes.com/article/21660/opinion/others/the-real-politics/" /> <meta name="datePublished" content="2024-11-26T21:58:00+03:00" /> <meta name="dateModified" content="2024-11-26T22:03:04+03:00" /> <meta name="author" content="Dr Khalid Al-Saleh" /> <meta name="inLanguage" content="en" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://kuwaittimes.com/article/21660/opinion/others/the-real-politics/" /> <meta property="og:title" content="The real politics - Dr Khalid Al-Saleh" /> <meta property="og:description" content=" During the brutal Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in 1990, many voices in the United States, both within the public and the media, urged President George H W Bush not..." /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Kuwait Times" /> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2024-11-26 21:58:00" /> <meta property="article:author" content="Dr Khalid Al-Saleh" /> <meta property="article:section" content="Opinion" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="The real politics - Dr Khalid Al-Saleh" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content=" During the brutal Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in 1990, many voices in the United States, both within the public and the media, urged President George H W Bush not..." /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://kuwaittimes.com/kuwaittimes/uploads/images/2024/11/26/184781.jpg" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://kuwaittimes.com/kuwaittimes/uploads/images/2024/11/26/184781.jpg" /> <meta name="thumbnailUrl" content="https://kuwaittimes.com/kuwaittimes/uploads/images/2024/11/26/184781.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="600" /> <meta itemprop="identifier" content="21660" /> <meta itemprop="headline" content="The real politics" /> <meta itemprop="pageType" content="article" /> <meta itemprop="articleSection" content="Opinion" /> <meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2024-11-26T21:58:00+03:00" /> <meta itemprop="dateModified" content="2024-11-26T22:03:04+03:00" /> <meta itemprop="url" content="https://kuwaittimes.com/article/21660/opinion/others/the-real-politics/" /> <meta itemprop="inLanguage" content="en" /> <meta itemprop="author" content="Dr Khalid Al-Saleh" /> <meta itemprop="image" content="https://kuwaittimes.com/kuwaittimes/uploads/images/2024/11/26/184781.jpg" /> <link rel="amphtml" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/article/21660/opinion/others/the-real-politics/amp"> <link href="https://kuwaittimes.com/article/21660/opinion/others/the-real-politics/" rel="canonical" > <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "NewsArticle", "dateCreated": "2024-11-26T21:58:00+03:00", "datePublished": "2024-11-26T21:58:00+03:00", "dateModified": "2024-11-26T22:03:04+03:00", "url": "https://kuwaittimes.com/article/21660/opinion/others/the-real-politics/", "headline": "The real politics | Kuwait Times Newspaper", "description": " During the brutal Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in 1990, many voices in the United States, both within the public and the media, urged President George H W Bush not...", "keywords": "kuwait times, kuwait news, Dr Khalid Al-Saleh", "inLanguage": "en", "mainEntityOfPage":{ "@type": "WebPage", "@id": "https://kuwaittimes.com/article/21660/opinion/others/the-real-politics/" }, "thumbnailUrl": "https://kuwaittimes.com/kuwaittimes/uploads/images/2024/11/26/184781.jpg", "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://kuwaittimes.com/kuwaittimes/uploads/images/2024/11/26/184781.jpg" }, "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Dr Khalid Al-Saleh" }, "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Kuwaittimes ", "url": "Kuwait Times", "sameAs": ["https://www.facebook.com/kuwaittimes","https://www.instagram.com/kuwaittimes","https://twitter.com/kuwaittimes","https://youtube.com/kuwaittimes","https://t.me/kuwaittimes"], "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://kuwaittimes.com/theme_kuwaittimes/images/logo.png", "width": 286, "height": 46 } }, "copyrightHolder": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Kuwait Times", "url": "https://kuwaittimes.com" } } </script> <!-- Google tag (gtag.js) --> <script defer src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-KW8KRFB9BT"></script> <script defer> function loadGtag() { window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); setTimeout(function() { gtag('event', '15_sec_read', {'Read':'15 sec'}); }, 15000); setTimeout(function() { gtag('event', '30_sec_read', {'Read':'30 sec'}); }, 30000); gtag('config', 'G-KW8KRFB9BT'); } if (document.readyState === 'complete') { loadGtag(); } else { window.addEventListener('load', loadGtag); } </script> <script defer> !function(e,t){"use strict";"object"==typeof module&&"object"==typeof module.exports?module.exports=e.document?t(e,!0):function(e){if(!e.document)throw new Error("jQuery requires a window with a document");return t(e)}:t(e)}("undefined"!=typeof window?window:this,function(C,e){"use strict";var t=[],r=Object.getPrototypeOf,s=t.slice,g=t.flat?function(e){return t.flat.call(e)}:function(e){return t.concat.apply([],e)},u=t.push,i=t.indexOf,n={},o=n.toString,v=n.hasOwnProperty,a=v.toString,l=a.call(Object),y={},m=function(e){return"function"==typeof e&&"number"!=typeof e.nodeType},x=function(e){return null!=e&&e===e.window},E=C.document,c={type:!0,src:!0,nonce:!0,noModule:!0};function b(e,t,n){var r,i,o=(n=n||E).createElement("script");if(o.text=e,t)for(r in c)(i=t[r]||t.getAttribute&&t.getAttribute(r))&&o.setAttribute(r,i);n.head.appendChild(o).parentNode.removeChild(o)}function w(e){return null==e?e+"":"object"==typeof e||"function"==typeof e?n[o.call(e)]||"object":typeof e}var f="3.5.1",S=function(e,t){return new S.fn.init(e,t)};function p(e){var t=!!e&&"length"in e&&e.length,n=w(e);return!m(e)&&!x(e)&&("array"===n||0===t||"number"==typeof t&&0<t&&t-1 in e)}S.fn=S.prototype={jquery:f,constructor:S,length:0,toArray:function(){return s.call(this)},get:function(e){return null==e?s.call(this):e<0?this[e+this.length]:this[e]},pushStack:function(e){var t=S.merge(this.constructor(),e);return t.prevObject=this,t},each:function(e){return S.each(this,e)},map:function(n){return this.pushStack(S.map(this,function(e,t){return n.call(e,t,e)}))},slice:function(){return this.pushStack(s.apply(this,arguments))},first:function(){return this.eq(0)},last:function(){return this.eq(-1)},even:function(){return this.pushStack(S.grep(this,function(e,t){return(t+1)%2}))},odd:function(){return this.pushStack(S.grep(this,function(e,t){return t%2}))},eq:function(e){var t=this.length,n=+e+(e<0?t:0);return this.pushStack(0<=n&&n<t?[this[n]]:[])},end:function(){return this.prevObject||this.constructor()},push:u,sort:t.sort,splice:t.splice},S.extend=S.fn.extend=function(){var e,t,n,r,i,o,a=arguments[0]||{},s=1,u=arguments.length,l=!1;for("boolean"==typeof a&&(l=a,a=arguments[s]||{},s++),"object"==typeof a||m(a)||(a={}),s===u&&(a=this,s--);s<u;s++)if(null!=(e=arguments[s]))for(t in e)r=e[t],"__proto__"!==t&&a!==r&&(l&&r&&(S.isPlainObject(r)||(i=Array.isArray(r)))?(n=a[t],o=i&&!Array.isArray(n)?[]:i||S.isPlainObject(n)?n:{},i=!1,a[t]=S.extend(l,o,r)):void 0!==r&&(a[t]=r));return a},S.extend({expando:"jQuery"+(f+Math.random()).replace(/\D/g,""),isReady:!0,error:function(e){throw new Error(e)},noop:function(){},isPlainObject:function(e){var t,n;return!(!e||"[object Object]"!==o.call(e))&&(!(t=r(e))||"function"==typeof(n=v.call(t,"constructor")&&t.constructor)&&a.call(n)===l)},isEmptyObject:function(e){var t;for(t in e)return!1;return!0},globalEval:function(e,t,n){b(e,{nonce:t&&t.nonce},n)},each:function(e,t){var n,r=0;if(p(e)){for(n=e.length;r<n;r++)if(!1===t.call(e[r],r,e[r]))break}else for(r in e)if(!1===t.call(e[r],r,e[r]))break;return e},makeArray:function(e,t){var n=t||[];return null!=e&&(p(Object(e))?S.merge(n,"string"==typeof e?[e]:e):u.call(n,e)),n},inArray:function(e,t,n){return null==t?-1:i.call(t,e,n)},merge:function(e,t){for(var n=+t.length,r=0,i=e.length;r<n;r++)e[i++]=t[r];return e.length=i,e},grep:function(e,t,n){for(var r=[],i=0,o=e.length,a=!n;i<o;i++)!t(e[i],i)!==a&&r.push(e[i]);return r},map:function(e,t,n){var r,i,o=0,a=[];if(p(e))for(r=e.length;o<r;o++)null!=(i=t(e[o],o,n))&&a.push(i);else for(o in e)null!=(i=t(e[o],o,n))&&a.push(i);return g(a)},guid:1,support:y}),"function"==typeof Symbol&&(S.fn[Symbol.iterator]=t[Symbol.iterator]),S.each("Boolean Number String Function Array Date RegExp Object Error Symbol".split(" "),function(e,t){n["[object "+t+"]"]=t.toLowerCase()});var d=function(n){var e,d,b,o,i,h,f,g,w,u,l,T,C,a,E,v,s,c,y,S="sizzle"+1*new Date,p=n.document,k=0,r=0,m=ue(),x=ue(),A=ue(),N=ue(),D=function(e,t){return e===t&&(l=!0),0},j={}.hasOwnProperty,t=[],q=t.pop,L=t.push,H=t.push,O=t.slice,P=function(e,t){for(var n=0,r=e.length;n<r;n++)if(e[n]===t)return n;return-1},R="checked|selected|async|autofocus|autoplay|controls|defer|disabled|hidden|ismap|loop|multiple|open|readonly|required|scoped",M="[\\x20\\t\\r\\n\\f]",I="(?:\\\\[\\da-fA-F]{1,6}"+M+"?|\\\\[^\\r\\n\\f]|[\\w-]|[^\0-\\x7f])+",W="\\["+M+"*("+I+")(?:"+M+"*([*^$|!~]?=)"+M+"*(?:'((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\'])*)'|\"((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\\"])*)\"|("+I+"))|)"+M+"*\\]",F=":("+I+")(?:\\((('((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\'])*)'|\"((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\\"])*)\")|((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\()[\\]]|"+W+")*)|.*)\\)|)",B=new RegExp(M+"+","g"),$=new RegExp("^"+M+"+|((?:^|[^\\\\])(?:\\\\.)*)"+M+"+$","g"),_=new RegExp("^"+M+"*,"+M+"*"),z=new RegExp("^"+M+"*([>+~]|"+M+")"+M+"*"),U=new RegExp(M+"|>"),X=new RegExp(F),V=new RegExp("^"+I+"$"),G={ID:new RegExp("^#("+I+")"),CLASS:new RegExp("^\\.("+I+")"),TAG:new RegExp("^("+I+"|[*])"),ATTR:new RegExp("^"+W),PSEUDO:new RegExp("^"+F),CHILD:new RegExp("^:(only|first|last|nth|nth-last)-(child|of-type)(?:\\("+M+"*(even|odd|(([+-]|)(\\d*)n|)"+M+"*(?:([+-]|)"+M+"*(\\d+)|))"+M+"*\\)|)","i"),bool:new RegExp("^(?:"+R+")$","i"),needsContext:new RegExp("^"+M+"*[>+~]|:(even|odd|eq|gt|lt|nth|first|last)(?:\\("+M+"*((?:-\\d)?\\d*)"+M+"*\\)|)(?=[^-]|$)","i")},Y=/HTML$/i,Q=/^(?:input|select|textarea|button)$/i,J=/^h\d$/i,K=/^[^{]+\{\s*\[native \w/,Z=/^(?:#([\w-]+)|(\w+)|\.([\w-]+))$/,ee=/[+~]/,te=new RegExp("\\\\[\\da-fA-F]{1,6}"+M+"?|\\\\([^\\r\\n\\f])","g"),ne=function(e,t){var n="0x"+e.slice(1)-65536;return t||(n<0?String.fromCharCode(n+65536):String.fromCharCode(n>>10|55296,1023&n|56320))},re=/([\0-\x1f\x7f]|^-?\d)|^-$|[^\0-\x1f\x7f-\uFFFF\w-]/g,ie=function(e,t){return t?"\0"===e?"�":e.slice(0,-1)+"\\"+e.charCodeAt(e.length-1).toString(16)+" ":"\\"+e},oe=function(){T()},ae=be(function(e){return!0===e.disabled&&"fieldset"===e.nodeName.toLowerCase()},{dir:"parentNode",next:"legend"});try{H.apply(t=O.call(p.childNodes),p.childNodes),t[p.childNodes.length].nodeType}catch(e){H={apply:t.length?function(e,t){L.apply(e,O.call(t))}:function(e,t){var n=e.length,r=0;while(e[n++]=t[r++]);e.length=n-1}}}function se(t,e,n,r){var i,o,a,s,u,l,c,f=e&&e.ownerDocument,p=e?e.nodeType:9;if(n=n||[],"string"!=typeof t||!t||1!==p&&9!==p&&11!==p)return n;if(!r&&(T(e),e=e||C,E)){if(11!==p&&(u=Z.exec(t)))if(i=u[1]){if(9===p){if(!(a=e.getElementById(i)))return n;if(a.id===i)return n.push(a),n}else if(f&&(a=f.getElementById(i))&&y(e,a)&&a.id===i)return n.push(a),n}else{if(u[2])return H.apply(n,e.getElementsByTagName(t)),n;if((i=u[3])&&d.getElementsByClassName&&e.getElementsByClassName)return H.apply(n,e.getElementsByClassName(i)),n}if(d.qsa&&!N[t+" "]&&(!v||!v.test(t))&&(1!==p||"object"!==e.nodeName.toLowerCase())){if(c=t,f=e,1===p&&(U.test(t)||z.test(t))){(f=ee.test(t)&&ye(e.parentNode)||e)===e&&d.scope||((s=e.getAttribute("id"))?s=s.replace(re,ie):e.setAttribute("id",s=S)),o=(l=h(t)).length;while(o--)l[o]=(s?"#"+s:":scope")+" "+xe(l[o]);c=l.join(",")}try{return H.apply(n,f.querySelectorAll(c)),n}catch(e){N(t,!0)}finally{s===S&&e.removeAttribute("id")}}}return g(t.replace($,"$1"),e,n,r)}function ue(){var r=[];return function e(t,n){return r.push(t+" ")>b.cacheLength&&delete e[r.shift()],e[t+" "]=n}}function le(e){return e[S]=!0,e}function ce(e){var t=C.createElement("fieldset");try{return!!e(t)}catch(e){return!1}finally{t.parentNode&&t.parentNode.removeChild(t),t=null}}function fe(e,t){var n=e.split("|"),r=n.length;while(r--)b.attrHandle[n[r]]=t}function pe(e,t){var n=t&&e,r=n&&1===e.nodeType&&1===t.nodeType&&e.sourceIndex-t.sourceIndex;if(r)return r;if(n)while(n=n.nextSibling)if(n===t)return-1;return e?1:-1}function de(t){return function(e){return"input"===e.nodeName.toLowerCase()&&e.type===t}}function he(n){return function(e){var t=e.nodeName.toLowerCase();return("input"===t||"button"===t)&&e.type===n}}function ge(t){return function(e){return"form"in e?e.parentNode&&!1===e.disabled?"label"in e?"label"in e.parentNode?e.parentNode.disabled===t:e.disabled===t:e.isDisabled===t||e.isDisabled!==!t&&ae(e)===t:e.disabled===t:"label"in e&&e.disabled===t}}function ve(a){return le(function(o){return o=+o,le(function(e,t){var n,r=a([],e.length,o),i=r.length;while(i--)e[n=r[i]]&&(e[n]=!(t[n]=e[n]))})})}function ye(e){return e&&"undefined"!=typeof e.getElementsByTagName&&e}for(e in d=se.support={},i=se.isXML=function(e){var t=e.namespaceURI,n=(e.ownerDocument||e).documentElement;return!Y.test(t||n&&n.nodeName||"HTML")},T=se.setDocument=function(e){var t,n,r=e?e.ownerDocument||e:p;return r!=C&&9===r.nodeType&&r.documentElement&&(a=(C=r).documentElement,E=!i(C),p!=C&&(n=C.defaultView)&&n.top!==n&&(n.addEventListener?n.addEventListener("unload",oe,!1):n.attachEvent&&n.attachEvent("onunload",oe)),d.scope=ce(function(e){return a.appendChild(e).appendChild(C.createElement("div")),"undefined"!=typeof e.querySelectorAll&&!e.querySelectorAll(":scope fieldset div").length}),d.attributes=ce(function(e){return e.className="i",!e.getAttribute("className")}),d.getElementsByTagName=ce(function(e){return e.appendChild(C.createComment("")),!e.getElementsByTagName("*").length}),d.getElementsByClassName=K.test(C.getElementsByClassName),d.getById=ce(function(e){return a.appendChild(e).id=S,!C.getElementsByName||!C.getElementsByName(S).length}),d.getById?(b.filter.ID=function(e){var t=e.replace(te,ne);return function(e){return e.getAttribute("id")===t}},b.find.ID=function(e,t){if("undefined"!=typeof t.getElementById&&E){var n=t.getElementById(e);return n?[n]:[]}}):(b.filter.ID=function(e){var n=e.replace(te,ne);return function(e){var t="undefined"!=typeof e.getAttributeNode&&e.getAttributeNode("id");return t&&t.value===n}},b.find.ID=function(e,t){if("undefined"!=typeof t.getElementById&&E){var n,r,i,o=t.getElementById(e);if(o){if((n=o.getAttributeNode("id"))&&n.value===e)return[o];i=t.getElementsByName(e),r=0;while(o=i[r++])if((n=o.getAttributeNode("id"))&&n.value===e)return[o]}return[]}}),b.find.TAG=d.getElementsByTagName?function(e,t){return"undefined"!=typeof t.getElementsByTagName?t.getElementsByTagName(e):d.qsa?t.querySelectorAll(e):void 0}:function(e,t){var n,r=[],i=0,o=t.getElementsByTagName(e);if("*"===e){while(n=o[i++])1===n.nodeType&&r.push(n);return r}return o},b.find.CLASS=d.getElementsByClassName&&function(e,t){if("undefined"!=typeof t.getElementsByClassName&&E)return t.getElementsByClassName(e)},s=[],v=[],(d.qsa=K.test(C.querySelectorAll))&&(ce(function(e){var t;a.appendChild(e).innerHTML="<a id='"+S+"'></a><select id='"+S+"-\r\\' msallowcapture=''><option selected=''></option></select>",e.querySelectorAll("[msallowcapture^='']").length&&v.push("[*^$]="+M+"*(?:''|\"\")"),e.querySelectorAll("[selected]").length||v.push("\\["+M+"*(?:value|"+R+")"),e.querySelectorAll("[id~="+S+"-]").length||v.push("~="),(t=C.createElement("input")).setAttribute("name",""),e.appendChild(t),e.querySelectorAll("[name='']").length||v.push("\\["+M+"*name"+M+"*="+M+"*(?:''|\"\")"),e.querySelectorAll(":checked").length||v.push(":checked"),e.querySelectorAll("a#"+S+"+*").length||v.push(".#.+[+~]"),e.querySelectorAll("\\\f"),v.push("[\\r\\n\\f]")}),ce(function(e){e.innerHTML="<a href='' disabled='disabled'></a><select disabled='disabled'><option/></select>";var t=C.createElement("input");t.setAttribute("type","hidden"),e.appendChild(t).setAttribute("name","D"),e.querySelectorAll("[name=d]").length&&v.push("name"+M+"*[*^$|!~]?="),2!==e.querySelectorAll(":enabled").length&&v.push(":enabled",":disabled"),a.appendChild(e).disabled=!0,2!==e.querySelectorAll(":disabled").length&&v.push(":enabled",":disabled"),e.querySelectorAll("*,:x"),v.push(",.*:")})),(d.matchesSelector=K.test(c=a.matches||a.webkitMatchesSelector||a.mozMatchesSelector||a.oMatchesSelector||a.msMatchesSelector))&&ce(function(e){d.disconnectedMatch=c.call(e,"*"),c.call(e,"[s!='']:x"),s.push("!=",F)}),v=v.length&&new RegExp(v.join("|")),s=s.length&&new RegExp(s.join("|")),t=K.test(a.compareDocumentPosition),y=t||K.test(a.contains)?function(e,t){var n=9===e.nodeType?e.documentElement:e,r=t&&t.parentNode;return e===r||!(!r||1!==r.nodeType||!(n.contains?n.contains(r):e.compareDocumentPosition&&16&e.compareDocumentPosition(r)))}:function(e,t){if(t)while(t=t.parentNode)if(t===e)return!0;return!1},D=t?function(e,t){if(e===t)return l=!0,0;var n=!e.compareDocumentPosition-!t.compareDocumentPosition;return n||(1&(n=(e.ownerDocument||e)==(t.ownerDocument||t)?e.compareDocumentPosition(t):1)||!d.sortDetached&&t.compareDocumentPosition(e)===n?e==C||e.ownerDocument==p&&y(p,e)?-1:t==C||t.ownerDocument==p&&y(p,t)?1:u?P(u,e)-P(u,t):0:4&n?-1:1)}:function(e,t){if(e===t)return l=!0,0;var n,r=0,i=e.parentNode,o=t.parentNode,a=[e],s=[t];if(!i||!o)return e==C?-1:t==C?1:i?-1:o?1:u?P(u,e)-P(u,t):0;if(i===o)return pe(e,t);n=e;while(n=n.parentNode)a.unshift(n);n=t;while(n=n.parentNode)s.unshift(n);while(a[r]===s[r])r++;return r?pe(a[r],s[r]):a[r]==p?-1:s[r]==p?1:0}),C},se.matches=function(e,t){return se(e,null,null,t)},se.matchesSelector=function(e,t){if(T(e),d.matchesSelector&&E&&!N[t+" "]&&(!s||!s.test(t))&&(!v||!v.test(t)))try{var n=c.call(e,t);if(n||d.disconnectedMatch||e.document&&11!==e.document.nodeType)return n}catch(e){N(t,!0)}return 0<se(t,C,null,[e]).length},se.contains=function(e,t){return(e.ownerDocument||e)!=C&&T(e),y(e,t)},se.attr=function(e,t){(e.ownerDocument||e)!=C&&T(e);var n=b.attrHandle[t.toLowerCase()],r=n&&j.call(b.attrHandle,t.toLowerCase())?n(e,t,!E):void 0;return void 0!==r?r:d.attributes||!E?e.getAttribute(t):(r=e.getAttributeNode(t))&&r.specified?r.value:null},se.escape=function(e){return(e+"").replace(re,ie)},se.error=function(e){throw new Error("Syntax error, unrecognized expression: "+e)},se.uniqueSort=function(e){var t,n=[],r=0,i=0;if(l=!d.detectDuplicates,u=!d.sortStable&&e.slice(0),e.sort(D),l){while(t=e[i++])t===e[i]&&(r=n.push(i));while(r--)e.splice(n[r],1)}return u=null,e},o=se.getText=function(e){var t,n="",r=0,i=e.nodeType;if(i){if(1===i||9===i||11===i){if("string"==typeof e.textContent)return e.textContent;for(e=e.firstChild;e;e=e.nextSibling)n+=o(e)}else if(3===i||4===i)return e.nodeValue}else while(t=e[r++])n+=o(t);return n},(b=se.selectors={cacheLength:50,createPseudo:le,match:G,attrHandle:{},find:{},relative:{">":{dir:"parentNode",first:!0}," ":{dir:"parentNode"},"+":{dir:"previousSibling",first:!0},"~":{dir:"previousSibling"}},preFilter:{ATTR:function(e){return e[1]=e[1].replace(te,ne),e[3]=(e[3]||e[4]||e[5]||"").replace(te,ne),"~="===e[2]&&(e[3]=" "+e[3]+" "),e.slice(0,4)},CHILD:function(e){return e[1]=e[1].toLowerCase(),"nth"===e[1].slice(0,3)?(e[3]||se.error(e[0]),e[4]=+(e[4]?e[5]+(e[6]||1):2*("even"===e[3]||"odd"===e[3])),e[5]=+(e[7]+e[8]||"odd"===e[3])):e[3]&&se.error(e[0]),e},PSEUDO:function(e){var t,n=!e[6]&&e[2];return G.CHILD.test(e[0])?null:(e[3]?e[2]=e[4]||e[5]||"":n&&X.test(n)&&(t=h(n,!0))&&(t=n.indexOf(")",n.length-t)-n.length)&&(e[0]=e[0].slice(0,t),e[2]=n.slice(0,t)),e.slice(0,3))}},filter:{TAG:function(e){var t=e.replace(te,ne).toLowerCase();return"*"===e?function(){return!0}:function(e){return e.nodeName&&e.nodeName.toLowerCase()===t}},CLASS:function(e){var t=m[e+" "];return t||(t=new RegExp("(^|"+M+")"+e+"("+M+"|$)"))&&m(e,function(e){return t.test("string"==typeof e.className&&e.className||"undefined"!=typeof e.getAttribute&&e.getAttribute("class")||"")})},ATTR:function(n,r,i){return function(e){var t=se.attr(e,n);return null==t?"!="===r:!r||(t+="","="===r?t===i:"!="===r?t!==i:"^="===r?i&&0===t.indexOf(i):"*="===r?i&&-1<t.indexOf(i):"$="===r?i&&t.slice(-i.length)===i:"~="===r?-1<(" "+t.replace(B," ")+" ").indexOf(i):"|="===r&&(t===i||t.slice(0,i.length+1)===i+"-"))}},CHILD:function(h,e,t,g,v){var y="nth"!==h.slice(0,3),m="last"!==h.slice(-4),x="of-type"===e;return 1===g&&0===v?function(e){return!!e.parentNode}:function(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a,s,u,l=y!==m?"nextSibling":"previousSibling",c=e.parentNode,f=x&&e.nodeName.toLowerCase(),p=!n&&!x,d=!1;if(c){if(y){while(l){a=e;while(a=a[l])if(x?a.nodeName.toLowerCase()===f:1===a.nodeType)return!1;u=l="only"===h&&!u&&"nextSibling"}return!0}if(u=[m?c.firstChild:c.lastChild],m&&p){d=(s=(r=(i=(o=(a=c)[S]||(a[S]={}))[a.uniqueID]||(o[a.uniqueID]={}))[h]||[])[0]===k&&r[1])&&r[2],a=s&&c.childNodes[s];while(a=++s&&a&&a[l]||(d=s=0)||u.pop())if(1===a.nodeType&&++d&&a===e){i[h]=[k,s,d];break}}else if(p&&(d=s=(r=(i=(o=(a=e)[S]||(a[S]={}))[a.uniqueID]||(o[a.uniqueID]={}))[h]||[])[0]===k&&r[1]),!1===d)while(a=++s&&a&&a[l]||(d=s=0)||u.pop())if((x?a.nodeName.toLowerCase()===f:1===a.nodeType)&&++d&&(p&&((i=(o=a[S]||(a[S]={}))[a.uniqueID]||(o[a.uniqueID]={}))[h]=[k,d]),a===e))break;return(d-=v)===g||d%g==0&&0<=d/g}}},PSEUDO:function(e,o){var t,a=b.pseudos[e]||b.setFilters[e.toLowerCase()]||se.error("unsupported pseudo: "+e);return a[S]?a(o):1<a.length?(t=[e,e,"",o],b.setFilters.hasOwnProperty(e.toLowerCase())?le(function(e,t){var n,r=a(e,o),i=r.length;while(i--)e[n=P(e,r[i])]=!(t[n]=r[i])}):function(e){return a(e,0,t)}):a}},pseudos:{not:le(function(e){var r=[],i=[],s=f(e.replace($,"$1"));return s[S]?le(function(e,t,n,r){var i,o=s(e,null,r,[]),a=e.length;while(a--)(i=o[a])&&(e[a]=!(t[a]=i))}):function(e,t,n){return r[0]=e,s(r,null,n,i),r[0]=null,!i.pop()}}),has:le(function(t){return function(e){return 0<se(t,e).length}}),contains:le(function(t){return t=t.replace(te,ne),function(e){return-1<(e.textContent||o(e)).indexOf(t)}}),lang:le(function(n){return V.test(n||"")||se.error("unsupported lang: "+n),n=n.replace(te,ne).toLowerCase(),function(e){var t;do{if(t=E?e.lang:e.getAttribute("xml:lang")||e.getAttribute("lang"))return(t=t.toLowerCase())===n||0===t.indexOf(n+"-")}while((e=e.parentNode)&&1===e.nodeType);return!1}}),target:function(e){var t=n.location&&n.location.hash;return t&&t.slice(1)===e.id},root:function(e){return e===a},focus:function(e){return e===C.activeElement&&(!C.hasFocus||C.hasFocus())&&!!(e.type||e.href||~e.tabIndex)},enabled:ge(!1),disabled:ge(!0),checked:function(e){var t=e.nodeName.toLowerCase();return"input"===t&&!!e.checked||"option"===t&&!!e.selected},selected:function(e){return e.parentNode&&e.parentNode.selectedIndex,!0===e.selected},empty:function(e){for(e=e.firstChild;e;e=e.nextSibling)if(e.nodeType<6)return!1;return!0},parent:function(e){return!b.pseudos.empty(e)},header:function(e){return J.test(e.nodeName)},input:function(e){return Q.test(e.nodeName)},button:function(e){var t=e.nodeName.toLowerCase();return"input"===t&&"button"===e.type||"button"===t},text:function(e){var t;return"input"===e.nodeName.toLowerCase()&&"text"===e.type&&(null==(t=e.getAttribute("type"))||"text"===t.toLowerCase())},first:ve(function(){return[0]}),last:ve(function(e,t){return[t-1]}),eq:ve(function(e,t,n){return[n<0?n+t:n]}),even:ve(function(e,t){for(var n=0;n<t;n+=2)e.push(n);return e}),odd:ve(function(e,t){for(var n=1;n<t;n+=2)e.push(n);return e}),lt:ve(function(e,t,n){for(var r=n<0?n+t:t<n?t:n;0<=--r;)e.push(r);return e}),gt:ve(function(e,t,n){for(var r=n<0?n+t:n;++r<t;)e.push(r);return e})}}).pseudos.nth=b.pseudos.eq,{radio:!0,checkbox:!0,file:!0,password:!0,image:!0})b.pseudos[e]=de(e);for(e in{submit:!0,reset:!0})b.pseudos[e]=he(e);function me(){}function xe(e){for(var t=0,n=e.length,r="";t<n;t++)r+=e[t].value;return r}function be(s,e,t){var u=e.dir,l=e.next,c=l||u,f=t&&"parentNode"===c,p=r++;return e.first?function(e,t,n){while(e=e[u])if(1===e.nodeType||f)return s(e,t,n);return!1}:function(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a=[k,p];if(n){while(e=e[u])if((1===e.nodeType||f)&&s(e,t,n))return!0}else while(e=e[u])if(1===e.nodeType||f)if(i=(o=e[S]||(e[S]={}))[e.uniqueID]||(o[e.uniqueID]={}),l&&l===e.nodeName.toLowerCase())e=e[u]||e;else{if((r=i[c])&&r[0]===k&&r[1]===p)return a[2]=r[2];if((i[c]=a)[2]=s(e,t,n))return!0}return!1}}function we(i){return 1<i.length?function(e,t,n){var r=i.length;while(r--)if(!i[r](e,t,n))return!1;return!0}:i[0]}function Te(e,t,n,r,i){for(var o,a=[],s=0,u=e.length,l=null!=t;s<u;s++)(o=e[s])&&(n&&!n(o,r,i)||(a.push(o),l&&t.push(s)));return a}function Ce(d,h,g,v,y,e){return v&&!v[S]&&(v=Ce(v)),y&&!y[S]&&(y=Ce(y,e)),le(function(e,t,n,r){var i,o,a,s=[],u=[],l=t.length,c=e||function(e,t,n){for(var r=0,i=t.length;r<i;r++)se(e,t[r],n);return n}(h||"*",n.nodeType?[n]:n,[]),f=!d||!e&&h?c:Te(c,s,d,n,r),p=g?y||(e?d:l||v)?[]:t:f;if(g&&g(f,p,n,r),v){i=Te(p,u),v(i,[],n,r),o=i.length;while(o--)(a=i[o])&&(p[u[o]]=!(f[u[o]]=a))}if(e){if(y||d){if(y){i=[],o=p.length;while(o--)(a=p[o])&&i.push(f[o]=a);y(null,p=[],i,r)}o=p.length;while(o--)(a=p[o])&&-1<(i=y?P(e,a):s[o])&&(e[i]=!(t[i]=a))}}else p=Te(p===t?p.splice(l,p.length):p),y?y(null,t,p,r):H.apply(t,p)})}function Ee(e){for(var i,t,n,r=e.length,o=b.relative[e[0].type],a=o||b.relative[" "],s=o?1:0,u=be(function(e){return e===i},a,!0),l=be(function(e){return-1<P(i,e)},a,!0),c=[function(e,t,n){var r=!o&&(n||t!==w)||((i=t).nodeType?u(e,t,n):l(e,t,n));return i=null,r}];s<r;s++)if(t=b.relative[e[s].type])c=[be(we(c),t)];else{if((t=b.filter[e[s].type].apply(null,e[s].matches))[S]){for(n=++s;n<r;n++)if(b.relative[e[n].type])break;return Ce(1<s&&we(c),1<s&&xe(e.slice(0,s-1).concat({value:" "===e[s-2].type?"*":""})).replace($,"$1"),t,s<n&&Ee(e.slice(s,n)),n<r&&Ee(e=e.slice(n)),n<r&&xe(e))}c.push(t)}return we(c)}return me.prototype=b.filters=b.pseudos,b.setFilters=new me,h=se.tokenize=function(e,t){var n,r,i,o,a,s,u,l=x[e+" "];if(l)return t?0:l.slice(0);a=e,s=[],u=b.preFilter;while(a){for(o in n&&!(r=_.exec(a))||(r&&(a=a.slice(r[0].length)||a),s.push(i=[])),n=!1,(r=z.exec(a))&&(n=r.shift(),i.push({value:n,type:r[0].replace($," ")}),a=a.slice(n.length)),b.filter)!(r=G[o].exec(a))||u[o]&&!(r=u[o](r))||(n=r.shift(),i.push({value:n,type:o,matches:r}),a=a.slice(n.length));if(!n)break}return t?a.length:a?se.error(e):x(e,s).slice(0)},f=se.compile=function(e,t){var n,v,y,m,x,r,i=[],o=[],a=A[e+" "];if(!a){t||(t=h(e)),n=t.length;while(n--)(a=Ee(t[n]))[S]?i.push(a):o.push(a);(a=A(e,(v=o,m=0<(y=i).length,x=0<v.length,r=function(e,t,n,r,i){var o,a,s,u=0,l="0",c=e&&[],f=[],p=w,d=e||x&&b.find.TAG("*",i),h=k+=null==p?1:Math.random()||.1,g=d.length;for(i&&(w=t==C||t||i);l!==g&&null!=(o=d[l]);l++){if(x&&o){a=0,t||o.ownerDocument==C||(T(o),n=!E);while(s=v[a++])if(s(o,t||C,n)){r.push(o);break}i&&(k=h)}m&&((o=!s&&o)&&u--,e&&c.push(o))}if(u+=l,m&&l!==u){a=0;while(s=y[a++])s(c,f,t,n);if(e){if(0<u)while(l--)c[l]||f[l]||(f[l]=q.call(r));f=Te(f)}H.apply(r,f),i&&!e&&0<f.length&&1<u+y.length&&se.uniqueSort(r)}return i&&(k=h,w=p),c},m?le(r):r))).selector=e}return a},g=se.select=function(e,t,n,r){var i,o,a,s,u,l="function"==typeof e&&e,c=!r&&h(e=l.selector||e);if(n=n||[],1===c.length){if(2<(o=c[0]=c[0].slice(0)).length&&"ID"===(a=o[0]).type&&9===t.nodeType&&E&&b.relative[o[1].type]){if(!(t=(b.find.ID(a.matches[0].replace(te,ne),t)||[])[0]))return n;l&&(t=t.parentNode),e=e.slice(o.shift().value.length)}i=G.needsContext.test(e)?0:o.length;while(i--){if(a=o[i],b.relative[s=a.type])break;if((u=b.find[s])&&(r=u(a.matches[0].replace(te,ne),ee.test(o[0].type)&&ye(t.parentNode)||t))){if(o.splice(i,1),!(e=r.length&&xe(o)))return H.apply(n,r),n;break}}}return(l||f(e,c))(r,t,!E,n,!t||ee.test(e)&&ye(t.parentNode)||t),n},d.sortStable=S.split("").sort(D).join("")===S,d.detectDuplicates=!!l,T(),d.sortDetached=ce(function(e){return 1&e.compareDocumentPosition(C.createElement("fieldset"))}),ce(function(e){return e.innerHTML="<a href='#'></a>","#"===e.firstChild.getAttribute("href")})||fe("type|href|height|width",function(e,t,n){if(!n)return e.getAttribute(t,"type"===t.toLowerCase()?1:2)}),d.attributes&&ce(function(e){return e.innerHTML="<input/>",e.firstChild.setAttribute("value",""),""===e.firstChild.getAttribute("value")})||fe("value",function(e,t,n){if(!n&&"input"===e.nodeName.toLowerCase())return e.defaultValue}),ce(function(e){return null==e.getAttribute("disabled")})||fe(R,function(e,t,n){var r;if(!n)return!0===e[t]?t.toLowerCase():(r=e.getAttributeNode(t))&&r.specified?r.value:null}),se}(C);S.find=d,S.expr=d.selectors,S.expr[":"]=S.expr.pseudos,S.uniqueSort=S.unique=d.uniqueSort,S.text=d.getText,S.isXMLDoc=d.isXML,S.contains=d.contains,S.escapeSelector=d.escape;var h=function(e,t,n){var r=[],i=void 0!==n;while((e=e[t])&&9!==e.nodeType)if(1===e.nodeType){if(i&&S(e).is(n))break;r.push(e)}return r},T=function(e,t){for(var n=[];e;e=e.nextSibling)1===e.nodeType&&e!==t&&n.push(e);return n},k=S.expr.match.needsContext;function A(e,t){return e.nodeName&&e.nodeName.toLowerCase()===t.toLowerCase()}var N=/^<([a-z][^\/\0>:\x20\t\r\n\f]*)[\x20\t\r\n\f]*\/?>(?:<\/\1>|)$/i;function D(e,n,r){return m(n)?S.grep(e,function(e,t){return!!n.call(e,t,e)!==r}):n.nodeType?S.grep(e,function(e){return e===n!==r}):"string"!=typeof n?S.grep(e,function(e){return-1<i.call(n,e)!==r}):S.filter(n,e,r)}S.filter=function(e,t,n){var r=t[0];return n&&(e=":not("+e+")"),1===t.length&&1===r.nodeType?S.find.matchesSelector(r,e)?[r]:[]:S.find.matches(e,S.grep(t,function(e){return 1===e.nodeType}))},S.fn.extend({find:function(e){var t,n,r=this.length,i=this;if("string"!=typeof e)return this.pushStack(S(e).filter(function(){for(t=0;t<r;t++)if(S.contains(i[t],this))return!0}));for(n=this.pushStack([]),t=0;t<r;t++)S.find(e,i[t],n);return 1<r?S.uniqueSort(n):n},filter:function(e){return this.pushStack(D(this,e||[],!1))},not:function(e){return this.pushStack(D(this,e||[],!0))},is:function(e){return!!D(this,"string"==typeof e&&k.test(e)?S(e):e||[],!1).length}});var j,q=/^(?:\s*(<[\w\W]+>)[^>]*|#([\w-]+))$/;(S.fn.init=function(e,t,n){var r,i;if(!e)return this;if(n=n||j,"string"==typeof e){if(!(r="<"===e[0]&&">"===e[e.length-1]&&3<=e.length?[null,e,null]:q.exec(e))||!r[1]&&t)return!t||t.jquery?(t||n).find(e):this.constructor(t).find(e);if(r[1]){if(t=t instanceof S?t[0]:t,S.merge(this,S.parseHTML(r[1],t&&t.nodeType?t.ownerDocument||t:E,!0)),N.test(r[1])&&S.isPlainObject(t))for(r in t)m(this[r])?this[r](t[r]):this.attr(r,t[r]);return this}return(i=E.getElementById(r[2]))&&(this[0]=i,this.length=1),this}return e.nodeType?(this[0]=e,this.length=1,this):m(e)?void 0!==n.ready?n.ready(e):e(S):S.makeArray(e,this)}).prototype=S.fn,j=S(E);var L=/^(?:parents|prev(?:Until|All))/,H={children:!0,contents:!0,next:!0,prev:!0};function O(e,t){while((e=e[t])&&1!==e.nodeType);return e}S.fn.extend({has:function(e){var t=S(e,this),n=t.length;return this.filter(function(){for(var e=0;e<n;e++)if(S.contains(this,t[e]))return!0})},closest:function(e,t){var n,r=0,i=this.length,o=[],a="string"!=typeof e&&S(e);if(!k.test(e))for(;r<i;r++)for(n=this[r];n&&n!==t;n=n.parentNode)if(n.nodeType<11&&(a?-1<a.index(n):1===n.nodeType&&S.find.matchesSelector(n,e))){o.push(n);break}return this.pushStack(1<o.length?S.uniqueSort(o):o)},index:function(e){return e?"string"==typeof e?i.call(S(e),this[0]):i.call(this,e.jquery?e[0]:e):this[0]&&this[0].parentNode?this.first().prevAll().length:-1},add:function(e,t){return this.pushStack(S.uniqueSort(S.merge(this.get(),S(e,t))))},addBack:function(e){return this.add(null==e?this.prevObject:this.prevObject.filter(e))}}),S.each({parent:function(e){var t=e.parentNode;return t&&11!==t.nodeType?t:null},parents:function(e){return h(e,"parentNode")},parentsUntil:function(e,t,n){return h(e,"parentNode",n)},next:function(e){return O(e,"nextSibling")},prev:function(e){return O(e,"previousSibling")},nextAll:function(e){return h(e,"nextSibling")},prevAll:function(e){return h(e,"previousSibling")},nextUntil:function(e,t,n){return h(e,"nextSibling",n)},prevUntil:function(e,t,n){return h(e,"previousSibling",n)},siblings:function(e){return T((e.parentNode||{}).firstChild,e)},children:function(e){return T(e.firstChild)},contents:function(e){return null!=e.contentDocument&&r(e.contentDocument)?e.contentDocument:(A(e,"template")&&(e=e.content||e),S.merge([],e.childNodes))}},function(r,i){S.fn[r]=function(e,t){var n=S.map(this,i,e);return"Until"!==r.slice(-5)&&(t=e),t&&"string"==typeof t&&(n=S.filter(t,n)),1<this.length&&(H[r]||S.uniqueSort(n),L.test(r)&&n.reverse()),this.pushStack(n)}});var P=/[^\x20\t\r\n\f]+/g;function R(e){return e}function M(e){throw e}function I(e,t,n,r){var i;try{e&&m(i=e.promise)?i.call(e).done(t).fail(n):e&&m(i=e.then)?i.call(e,t,n):t.apply(void 0,[e].slice(r))}catch(e){n.apply(void 0,[e])}}S.Callbacks=function(r){var e,n;r="string"==typeof r?(e=r,n={},S.each(e.match(P)||[],function(e,t){n[t]=!0}),n):S.extend({},r);var i,t,o,a,s=[],u=[],l=-1,c=function(){for(a=a||r.once,o=i=!0;u.length;l=-1){t=u.shift();while(++l<s.length)!1===s[l].apply(t[0],t[1])&&r.stopOnFalse&&(l=s.length,t=!1)}r.memory||(t=!1),i=!1,a&&(s=t?[]:"")},f={add:function(){return s&&(t&&!i&&(l=s.length-1,u.push(t)),function n(e){S.each(e,function(e,t){m(t)?r.unique&&f.has(t)||s.push(t):t&&t.length&&"string"!==w(t)&&n(t)})}(arguments),t&&!i&&c()),this},remove:function(){return S.each(arguments,function(e,t){var n;while(-1<(n=S.inArray(t,s,n)))s.splice(n,1),n<=l&&l--}),this},has:function(e){return e?-1<S.inArray(e,s):0<s.length},empty:function(){return s&&(s=[]),this},disable:function(){return a=u=[],s=t="",this},disabled:function(){return!s},lock:function(){return a=u=[],t||i||(s=t=""),this},locked:function(){return!!a},fireWith:function(e,t){return a||(t=[e,(t=t||[]).slice?t.slice():t],u.push(t),i||c()),this},fire:function(){return f.fireWith(this,arguments),this},fired:function(){return!!o}};return f},S.extend({Deferred:function(e){var o=[["notify","progress",S.Callbacks("memory"),S.Callbacks("memory"),2],["resolve","done",S.Callbacks("once memory"),S.Callbacks("once memory"),0,"resolved"],["reject","fail",S.Callbacks("once memory"),S.Callbacks("once memory"),1,"rejected"]],i="pending",a={state:function(){return i},always:function(){return s.done(arguments).fail(arguments),this},catch:function(e){return a.then(null,e)},pipe:function(){var i=arguments;return S.Deferred(function(r){S.each(o,function(e,t){var n=m(i[t[4]])&&i[t[4]];s[t[1]](function(){var e=n&&n.apply(this,arguments);e&&m(e.promise)?e.promise().progress(r.notify).done(r.resolve).fail(r.reject):r[t[0]+"With"](this,n?[e]:arguments)})}),i=null}).promise()},then:function(t,n,r){var u=0;function l(i,o,a,s){return function(){var n=this,r=arguments,e=function(){var e,t;if(!(i<u)){if((e=a.apply(n,r))===o.promise())throw new TypeError("Thenable self-resolution");t=e&&("object"==typeof e||"function"==typeof e)&&e.then,m(t)?s?t.call(e,l(u,o,R,s),l(u,o,M,s)):(u++,t.call(e,l(u,o,R,s),l(u,o,M,s),l(u,o,R,o.notifyWith))):(a!==R&&(n=void 0,r=[e]),(s||o.resolveWith)(n,r))}},t=s?e:function(){try{e()}catch(e){S.Deferred.exceptionHook&&S.Deferred.exceptionHook(e,t.stackTrace),u<=i+1&&(a!==M&&(n=void 0,r=[e]),o.rejectWith(n,r))}};i?t():(S.Deferred.getStackHook&&(t.stackTrace=S.Deferred.getStackHook()),C.setTimeout(t))}}return S.Deferred(function(e){o[0][3].add(l(0,e,m(r)?r:R,e.notifyWith)),o[1][3].add(l(0,e,m(t)?t:R)),o[2][3].add(l(0,e,m(n)?n:M))}).promise()},promise:function(e){return null!=e?S.extend(e,a):a}},s={};return S.each(o,function(e,t){var n=t[2],r=t[5];a[t[1]]=n.add,r&&n.add(function(){i=r},o[3-e][2].disable,o[3-e][3].disable,o[0][2].lock,o[0][3].lock),n.add(t[3].fire),s[t[0]]=function(){return s[t[0]+"With"](this===s?void 0:this,arguments),this},s[t[0]+"With"]=n.fireWith}),a.promise(s),e&&e.call(s,s),s},when:function(e){var n=arguments.length,t=n,r=Array(t),i=s.call(arguments),o=S.Deferred(),a=function(t){return function(e){r[t]=this,i[t]=1<arguments.length?s.call(arguments):e,--n||o.resolveWith(r,i)}};if(n<=1&&(I(e,o.done(a(t)).resolve,o.reject,!n),"pending"===o.state()||m(i[t]&&i[t].then)))return o.then();while(t--)I(i[t],a(t),o.reject);return o.promise()}});var W=/^(Eval|Internal|Range|Reference|Syntax|Type|URI)Error$/;S.Deferred.exceptionHook=function(e,t){C.console&&C.console.warn&&e&&W.test(e.name)&&C.console.warn("jQuery.Deferred exception: "+e.message,e.stack,t)},S.readyException=function(e){C.setTimeout(function(){throw e})};var F=S.Deferred();function B(){E.removeEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",B),C.removeEventListener("load",B),S.ready()}S.fn.ready=function(e){return F.then(e)["catch"](function(e){S.readyException(e)}),this},S.extend({isReady:!1,readyWait:1,ready:function(e){(!0===e?--S.readyWait:S.isReady)||(S.isReady=!0)!==e&&0<--S.readyWait||F.resolveWith(E,[S])}}),S.ready.then=F.then,"complete"===E.readyState||"loading"!==E.readyState&&!E.documentElement.doScroll?C.setTimeout(S.ready):(E.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",B),C.addEventListener("load",B));var $=function(e,t,n,r,i,o,a){var s=0,u=e.length,l=null==n;if("object"===w(n))for(s in i=!0,n)$(e,t,s,n[s],!0,o,a);else if(void 0!==r&&(i=!0,m(r)||(a=!0),l&&(a?(t.call(e,r),t=null):(l=t,t=function(e,t,n){return l.call(S(e),n)})),t))for(;s<u;s++)t(e[s],n,a?r:r.call(e[s],s,t(e[s],n)));return i?e:l?t.call(e):u?t(e[0],n):o},_=/^-ms-/,z=/-([a-z])/g;function U(e,t){return t.toUpperCase()}function X(e){return e.replace(_,"ms-").replace(z,U)}var V=function(e){return 1===e.nodeType||9===e.nodeType||!+e.nodeType};function G(){this.expando=S.expando+G.uid++}G.uid=1,G.prototype={cache:function(e){var t=e[this.expando];return t||(t={},V(e)&&(e.nodeType?e[this.expando]=t:Object.defineProperty(e,this.expando,{value:t,configurable:!0}))),t},set:function(e,t,n){var r,i=this.cache(e);if("string"==typeof t)i[X(t)]=n;else for(r in t)i[X(r)]=t[r];return i},get:function(e,t){return void 0===t?this.cache(e):e[this.expando]&&e[this.expando][X(t)]},access:function(e,t,n){return void 0===t||t&&"string"==typeof t&&void 0===n?this.get(e,t):(this.set(e,t,n),void 0!==n?n:t)},remove:function(e,t){var n,r=e[this.expando];if(void 0!==r){if(void 0!==t){n=(t=Array.isArray(t)?t.map(X):(t=X(t))in r?[t]:t.match(P)||[]).length;while(n--)delete r[t[n]]}(void 0===t||S.isEmptyObject(r))&&(e.nodeType?e[this.expando]=void 0:delete e[this.expando])}},hasData:function(e){var t=e[this.expando];return void 0!==t&&!S.isEmptyObject(t)}};var Y=new G,Q=new G,J=/^(?:\{[\w\W]*\}|\[[\w\W]*\])$/,K=/[A-Z]/g;function Z(e,t,n){var r,i;if(void 0===n&&1===e.nodeType)if(r="data-"+t.replace(K,"-$&").toLowerCase(),"string"==typeof(n=e.getAttribute(r))){try{n="true"===(i=n)||"false"!==i&&("null"===i?null:i===+i+""?+i:J.test(i)?JSON.parse(i):i)}catch(e){}Q.set(e,t,n)}else n=void 0;return n}S.extend({hasData:function(e){return Q.hasData(e)||Y.hasData(e)},data:function(e,t,n){return Q.access(e,t,n)},removeData:function(e,t){Q.remove(e,t)},_data:function(e,t,n){return Y.access(e,t,n)},_removeData:function(e,t){Y.remove(e,t)}}),S.fn.extend({data:function(n,e){var t,r,i,o=this[0],a=o&&o.attributes;if(void 0===n){if(this.length&&(i=Q.get(o),1===o.nodeType&&!Y.get(o,"hasDataAttrs"))){t=a.length;while(t--)a[t]&&0===(r=a[t].name).indexOf("data-")&&(r=X(r.slice(5)),Z(o,r,i[r]));Y.set(o,"hasDataAttrs",!0)}return i}return"object"==typeof n?this.each(function(){Q.set(this,n)}):$(this,function(e){var t;if(o&&void 0===e)return void 0!==(t=Q.get(o,n))?t:void 0!==(t=Z(o,n))?t:void 0;this.each(function(){Q.set(this,n,e)})},null,e,1<arguments.length,null,!0)},removeData:function(e){return this.each(function(){Q.remove(this,e)})}}),S.extend({queue:function(e,t,n){var r;if(e)return t=(t||"fx")+"queue",r=Y.get(e,t),n&&(!r||Array.isArray(n)?r=Y.access(e,t,S.makeArray(n)):r.push(n)),r||[]},dequeue:function(e,t){t=t||"fx";var n=S.queue(e,t),r=n.length,i=n.shift(),o=S._queueHooks(e,t);"inprogress"===i&&(i=n.shift(),r--),i&&("fx"===t&&n.unshift("inprogress"),delete o.stop,i.call(e,function(){S.dequeue(e,t)},o)),!r&&o&&o.empty.fire()},_queueHooks:function(e,t){var n=t+"queueHooks";return Y.get(e,n)||Y.access(e,n,{empty:S.Callbacks("once memory").add(function(){Y.remove(e,[t+"queue",n])})})}}),S.fn.extend({queue:function(t,n){var e=2;return"string"!=typeof t&&(n=t,t="fx",e--),arguments.length<e?S.queue(this[0],t):void 0===n?this:this.each(function(){var e=S.queue(this,t,n);S._queueHooks(this,t),"fx"===t&&"inprogress"!==e[0]&&S.dequeue(this,t)})},dequeue:function(e){return this.each(function(){S.dequeue(this,e)})},clearQueue:function(e){return this.queue(e||"fx",[])},promise:function(e,t){var n,r=1,i=S.Deferred(),o=this,a=this.length,s=function(){--r||i.resolveWith(o,[o])};"string"!=typeof e&&(t=e,e=void 0),e=e||"fx";while(a--)(n=Y.get(o[a],e+"queueHooks"))&&n.empty&&(r++,n.empty.add(s));return s(),i.promise(t)}});var ee=/[+-]?(?:\d*\.|)\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\d+|)/.source,te=new RegExp("^(?:([+-])=|)("+ee+")([a-z%]*)$","i"),ne=["Top","Right","Bottom","Left"],re=E.documentElement,ie=function(e){return S.contains(e.ownerDocument,e)},oe={composed:!0};re.getRootNode&&(ie=function(e){return S.contains(e.ownerDocument,e)||e.getRootNode(oe)===e.ownerDocument});var ae=function(e,t){return"none"===(e=t||e).style.display||""===e.style.display&&ie(e)&&"none"===S.css(e,"display")};function se(e,t,n,r){var i,o,a=20,s=r?function(){return r.cur()}:function(){return S.css(e,t,"")},u=s(),l=n&&n[3]||(S.cssNumber[t]?"":"px"),c=e.nodeType&&(S.cssNumber[t]||"px"!==l&&+u)&&te.exec(S.css(e,t));if(c&&c[3]!==l){u/=2,l=l||c[3],c=+u||1;while(a--)S.style(e,t,c+l),(1-o)*(1-(o=s()/u||.5))<=0&&(a=0),c/=o;c*=2,S.style(e,t,c+l),n=n||[]}return n&&(c=+c||+u||0,i=n[1]?c+(n[1]+1)*n[2]:+n[2],r&&(r.unit=l,r.start=c,r.end=i)),i}var ue={};function le(e,t){for(var n,r,i,o,a,s,u,l=[],c=0,f=e.length;c<f;c++)(r=e[c]).style&&(n=r.style.display,t?("none"===n&&(l[c]=Y.get(r,"display")||null,l[c]||(r.style.display="")),""===r.style.display&&ae(r)&&(l[c]=(u=a=o=void 0,a=(i=r).ownerDocument,s=i.nodeName,(u=ue[s])||(o=a.body.appendChild(a.createElement(s)),u=S.css(o,"display"),o.parentNode.removeChild(o),"none"===u&&(u="block"),ue[s]=u)))):"none"!==n&&(l[c]="none",Y.set(r,"display",n)));for(c=0;c<f;c++)null!=l[c]&&(e[c].style.display=l[c]);return e}S.fn.extend({show:function(){return le(this,!0)},hide:function(){return le(this)},toggle:function(e){return"boolean"==typeof e?e?this.show():this.hide():this.each(function(){ae(this)?S(this).show():S(this).hide()})}});var ce,fe,pe=/^(?:checkbox|radio)$/i,de=/<([a-z][^\/\0>\x20\t\r\n\f]*)/i,he=/^$|^module$|\/(?:java|ecma)script/i;ce=E.createDocumentFragment().appendChild(E.createElement("div")),(fe=E.createElement("input")).setAttribute("type","radio"),fe.setAttribute("checked","checked"),fe.setAttribute("name","t"),ce.appendChild(fe),y.checkClone=ce.cloneNode(!0).cloneNode(!0).lastChild.checked,ce.innerHTML="<textarea>x</textarea>",y.noCloneChecked=!!ce.cloneNode(!0).lastChild.defaultValue,ce.innerHTML="<option></option>",y.option=!!ce.lastChild;var ge={thead:[1,"<table>","</table>"],col:[2,"<table><colgroup>","</colgroup></table>"],tr:[2,"<table><tbody>","</tbody></table>"],td:[3,"<table><tbody><tr>","</tr></tbody></table>"],_default:[0,"",""]};function ve(e,t){var n;return n="undefined"!=typeof e.getElementsByTagName?e.getElementsByTagName(t||"*"):"undefined"!=typeof e.querySelectorAll?e.querySelectorAll(t||"*"):[],void 0===t||t&&A(e,t)?S.merge([e],n):n}function ye(e,t){for(var n=0,r=e.length;n<r;n++)Y.set(e[n],"globalEval",!t||Y.get(t[n],"globalEval"))}ge.tbody=ge.tfoot=ge.colgroup=ge.caption=ge.thead,ge.th=ge.td,y.option||(ge.optgroup=ge.option=[1,"<select multiple='multiple'>","</select>"]);var me=/<|&#?\w+;/;function xe(e,t,n,r,i){for(var o,a,s,u,l,c,f=t.createDocumentFragment(),p=[],d=0,h=e.length;d<h;d++)if((o=e[d])||0===o)if("object"===w(o))S.merge(p,o.nodeType?[o]:o);else if(me.test(o)){a=a||f.appendChild(t.createElement("div")),s=(de.exec(o)||["",""])[1].toLowerCase(),u=ge[s]||ge._default,a.innerHTML=u[1]+S.htmlPrefilter(o)+u[2],c=u[0];while(c--)a=a.lastChild;S.merge(p,a.childNodes),(a=f.firstChild).textContent=""}else p.push(t.createTextNode(o));f.textContent="",d=0;while(o=p[d++])if(r&&-1<S.inArray(o,r))i&&i.push(o);else if(l=ie(o),a=ve(f.appendChild(o),"script"),l&&ye(a),n){c=0;while(o=a[c++])he.test(o.type||"")&&n.push(o)}return f}var be=/^key/,we=/^(?:mouse|pointer|contextmenu|drag|drop)|click/,Te=/^([^.]*)(?:\.(.+)|)/;function Ce(){return!0}function Ee(){return!1}function Se(e,t){return e===function(){try{return E.activeElement}catch(e){}}()==("focus"===t)}function ke(e,t,n,r,i,o){var a,s;if("object"==typeof t){for(s in"string"!=typeof n&&(r=r||n,n=void 0),t)ke(e,s,n,r,t[s],o);return e}if(null==r&&null==i?(i=n,r=n=void 0):null==i&&("string"==typeof n?(i=r,r=void 0):(i=r,r=n,n=void 0)),!1===i)i=Ee;else if(!i)return e;return 1===o&&(a=i,(i=function(e){return S().off(e),a.apply(this,arguments)}).guid=a.guid||(a.guid=S.guid++)),e.each(function(){S.event.add(this,t,i,r,n)})}function Ae(e,i,o){o?(Y.set(e,i,!1),S.event.add(e,i,{namespace:!1,handler:function(e){var t,n,r=Y.get(this,i);if(1&e.isTrigger&&this[i]){if(r.length)(S.event.special[i]||{}).delegateType&&e.stopPropagation();else if(r=s.call(arguments),Y.set(this,i,r),t=o(this,i),this[i](),r!==(n=Y.get(this,i))||t?Y.set(this,i,!1):n={},r!==n)return e.stopImmediatePropagation(),e.preventDefault(),n.value}else r.length&&(Y.set(this,i,{value:S.event.trigger(S.extend(r[0],S.Event.prototype),r.slice(1),this)}),e.stopImmediatePropagation())}})):void 0===Y.get(e,i)&&S.event.add(e,i,Ce)}S.event={global:{},add:function(t,e,n,r,i){var o,a,s,u,l,c,f,p,d,h,g,v=Y.get(t);if(V(t)){n.handler&&(n=(o=n).handler,i=o.selector),i&&S.find.matchesSelector(re,i),n.guid||(n.guid=S.guid++),(u=v.events)||(u=v.events=Object.create(null)),(a=v.handle)||(a=v.handle=function(e){return"undefined"!=typeof S&&S.event.triggered!==e.type?S.event.dispatch.apply(t,arguments):void 0}),l=(e=(e||"").match(P)||[""]).length;while(l--)d=g=(s=Te.exec(e[l])||[])[1],h=(s[2]||"").split(".").sort(),d&&(f=S.event.special[d]||{},d=(i?f.delegateType:f.bindType)||d,f=S.event.special[d]||{},c=S.extend({type:d,origType:g,data:r,handler:n,guid:n.guid,selector:i,needsContext:i&&S.expr.match.needsContext.test(i),namespace:h.join(".")},o),(p=u[d])||((p=u[d]=[]).delegateCount=0,f.setup&&!1!==f.setup.call(t,r,h,a)||t.addEventListener&&t.addEventListener(d,a)),f.add&&(f.add.call(t,c),c.handler.guid||(c.handler.guid=n.guid)),i?p.splice(p.delegateCount++,0,c):p.push(c),S.event.global[d]=!0)}},remove:function(e,t,n,r,i){var o,a,s,u,l,c,f,p,d,h,g,v=Y.hasData(e)&&Y.get(e);if(v&&(u=v.events)){l=(t=(t||"").match(P)||[""]).length;while(l--)if(d=g=(s=Te.exec(t[l])||[])[1],h=(s[2]||"").split(".").sort(),d){f=S.event.special[d]||{},p=u[d=(r?f.delegateType:f.bindType)||d]||[],s=s[2]&&new RegExp("(^|\\.)"+h.join("\\.(?:.*\\.|)")+"(\\.|$)"),a=o=p.length;while(o--)c=p[o],!i&&g!==c.origType||n&&n.guid!==c.guid||s&&!s.test(c.namespace)||r&&r!==c.selector&&("**"!==r||!c.selector)||(p.splice(o,1),c.selector&&p.delegateCount--,f.remove&&f.remove.call(e,c));a&&!p.length&&(f.teardown&&!1!==f.teardown.call(e,h,v.handle)||S.removeEvent(e,d,v.handle),delete u[d])}else for(d in u)S.event.remove(e,d+t[l],n,r,!0);S.isEmptyObject(u)&&Y.remove(e,"handle events")}},dispatch:function(e){var t,n,r,i,o,a,s=new Array(arguments.length),u=S.event.fix(e),l=(Y.get(this,"events")||Object.create(null))[u.type]||[],c=S.event.special[u.type]||{};for(s[0]=u,t=1;t<arguments.length;t++)s[t]=arguments[t];if(u.delegateTarget=this,!c.preDispatch||!1!==c.preDispatch.call(this,u)){a=S.event.handlers.call(this,u,l),t=0;while((i=a[t++])&&!u.isPropagationStopped()){u.currentTarget=i.elem,n=0;while((o=i.handlers[n++])&&!u.isImmediatePropagationStopped())u.rnamespace&&!1!==o.namespace&&!u.rnamespace.test(o.namespace)||(u.handleObj=o,u.data=o.data,void 0!==(r=((S.event.special[o.origType]||{}).handle||o.handler).apply(i.elem,s))&&!1===(u.result=r)&&(u.preventDefault(),u.stopPropagation()))}return c.postDispatch&&c.postDispatch.call(this,u),u.result}},handlers:function(e,t){var n,r,i,o,a,s=[],u=t.delegateCount,l=e.target;if(u&&l.nodeType&&!("click"===e.type&&1<=e.button))for(;l!==this;l=l.parentNode||this)if(1===l.nodeType&&("click"!==e.type||!0!==l.disabled)){for(o=[],a={},n=0;n<u;n++)void 0===a[i=(r=t[n]).selector+" "]&&(a[i]=r.needsContext?-1<S(i,this).index(l):S.find(i,this,null,[l]).length),a[i]&&o.push(r);o.length&&s.push({elem:l,handlers:o})}return l=this,u<t.length&&s.push({elem:l,handlers:t.slice(u)}),s},addProp:function(t,e){Object.defineProperty(S.Event.prototype,t,{enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,get:m(e)?function(){if(this.originalEvent)return e(this.originalEvent)}:function(){if(this.originalEvent)return this.originalEvent[t]},set:function(e){Object.defineProperty(this,t,{enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,writable:!0,value:e})}})},fix:function(e){return e[S.expando]?e:new S.Event(e)},special:{load:{noBubble:!0},click:{setup:function(e){var t=this||e;return pe.test(t.type)&&t.click&&A(t,"input")&&Ae(t,"click",Ce),!1},trigger:function(e){var t=this||e;return pe.test(t.type)&&t.click&&A(t,"input")&&Ae(t,"click"),!0},_default:function(e){var t=e.target;return pe.test(t.type)&&t.click&&A(t,"input")&&Y.get(t,"click")||A(t,"a")}},beforeunload:{postDispatch:function(e){void 0!==e.result&&e.originalEvent&&(e.originalEvent.returnValue=e.result)}}}},S.removeEvent=function(e,t,n){e.removeEventListener&&e.removeEventListener(t,n)},S.Event=function(e,t){if(!(this instanceof S.Event))return new S.Event(e,t);e&&e.type?(this.originalEvent=e,this.type=e.type,this.isDefaultPrevented=e.defaultPrevented||void 0===e.defaultPrevented&&!1===e.returnValue?Ce:Ee,this.target=e.target&&3===e.target.nodeType?e.target.parentNode:e.target,this.currentTarget=e.currentTarget,this.relatedTarget=e.relatedTarget):this.type=e,t&&S.extend(this,t),this.timeStamp=e&&e.timeStamp||Date.now(),this[S.expando]=!0},S.Event.prototype={constructor:S.Event,isDefaultPrevented:Ee,isPropagationStopped:Ee,isImmediatePropagationStopped:Ee,isSimulated:!1,preventDefault:function(){var e=this.originalEvent;this.isDefaultPrevented=Ce,e&&!this.isSimulated&&e.preventDefault()},stopPropagation:function(){var e=this.originalEvent;this.isPropagationStopped=Ce,e&&!this.isSimulated&&e.stopPropagation()},stopImmediatePropagation:function(){var e=this.originalEvent;this.isImmediatePropagationStopped=Ce,e&&!this.isSimulated&&e.stopImmediatePropagation(),this.stopPropagation()}},S.each({altKey:!0,bubbles:!0,cancelable:!0,changedTouches:!0,ctrlKey:!0,detail:!0,eventPhase:!0,metaKey:!0,pageX:!0,pageY:!0,shiftKey:!0,view:!0,char:!0,code:!0,charCode:!0,key:!0,keyCode:!0,button:!0,buttons:!0,clientX:!0,clientY:!0,offsetX:!0,offsetY:!0,pointerId:!0,pointerType:!0,screenX:!0,screenY:!0,targetTouches:!0,toElement:!0,touches:!0,which:function(e){var t=e.button;return null==e.which&&be.test(e.type)?null!=e.charCode?e.charCode:e.keyCode:!e.which&&void 0!==t&&we.test(e.type)?1&t?1:2&t?3:4&t?2:0:e.which}},S.event.addProp),S.each({focus:"focusin",blur:"focusout"},function(e,t){S.event.special[e]={setup:function(){return Ae(this,e,Se),!1},trigger:function(){return Ae(this,e),!0},delegateType:t}}),S.each({mouseenter:"mouseover",mouseleave:"mouseout",pointerenter:"pointerover",pointerleave:"pointerout"},function(e,i){S.event.special[e]={delegateType:i,bindType:i,handle:function(e){var t,n=e.relatedTarget,r=e.handleObj;return n&&(n===this||S.contains(this,n))||(e.type=r.origType,t=r.handler.apply(this,arguments),e.type=i),t}}}),S.fn.extend({on:function(e,t,n,r){return ke(this,e,t,n,r)},one:function(e,t,n,r){return ke(this,e,t,n,r,1)},off:function(e,t,n){var r,i;if(e&&e.preventDefault&&e.handleObj)return r=e.handleObj,S(e.delegateTarget).off(r.namespace?r.origType+"."+r.namespace:r.origType,r.selector,r.handler),this;if("object"==typeof e){for(i in e)this.off(i,t,e[i]);return this}return!1!==t&&"function"!=typeof t||(n=t,t=void 0),!1===n&&(n=Ee),this.each(function(){S.event.remove(this,e,n,t)})}});var Ne=/<script|<style|<link/i,De=/checked\s*(?:[^=]|=\s*.checked.)/i,je=/^\s*<!(?:\[CDATA\[|--)|(?:\]\]|--)>\s*$/g;function qe(e,t){return A(e,"table")&&A(11!==t.nodeType?t:t.firstChild,"tr")&&S(e).children("tbody")[0]||e}function Le(e){return e.type=(null!==e.getAttribute("type"))+"/"+e.type,e}function He(e){return"true/"===(e.type||"").slice(0,5)?e.type=e.type.slice(5):e.removeAttribute("type"),e}function Oe(e,t){var n,r,i,o,a,s;if(1===t.nodeType){if(Y.hasData(e)&&(s=Y.get(e).events))for(i in Y.remove(t,"handle events"),s)for(n=0,r=s[i].length;n<r;n++)S.event.add(t,i,s[i][n]);Q.hasData(e)&&(o=Q.access(e),a=S.extend({},o),Q.set(t,a))}}function Pe(n,r,i,o){r=g(r);var e,t,a,s,u,l,c=0,f=n.length,p=f-1,d=r[0],h=m(d);if(h||1<f&&"string"==typeof d&&!y.checkClone&&De.test(d))return n.each(function(e){var t=n.eq(e);h&&(r[0]=d.call(this,e,t.html())),Pe(t,r,i,o)});if(f&&(t=(e=xe(r,n[0].ownerDocument,!1,n,o)).firstChild,1===e.childNodes.length&&(e=t),t||o)){for(s=(a=S.map(ve(e,"script"),Le)).length;c<f;c++)u=e,c!==p&&(u=S.clone(u,!0,!0),s&&S.merge(a,ve(u,"script"))),i.call(n[c],u,c);if(s)for(l=a[a.length-1].ownerDocument,S.map(a,He),c=0;c<s;c++)u=a[c],he.test(u.type||"")&&!Y.access(u,"globalEval")&&S.contains(l,u)&&(u.src&&"module"!==(u.type||"").toLowerCase()?S._evalUrl&&!u.noModule&&S._evalUrl(u.src,{nonce:u.nonce||u.getAttribute("nonce")},l):b(u.textContent.replace(je,""),u,l))}return n}function Re(e,t,n){for(var r,i=t?S.filter(t,e):e,o=0;null!=(r=i[o]);o++)n||1!==r.nodeType||S.cleanData(ve(r)),r.parentNode&&(n&&ie(r)&&ye(ve(r,"script")),r.parentNode.removeChild(r));return e}S.extend({htmlPrefilter:function(e){return e},clone:function(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a,s,u,l,c=e.cloneNode(!0),f=ie(e);if(!(y.noCloneChecked||1!==e.nodeType&&11!==e.nodeType||S.isXMLDoc(e)))for(a=ve(c),r=0,i=(o=ve(e)).length;r<i;r++)s=o[r],u=a[r],void 0,"input"===(l=u.nodeName.toLowerCase())&&pe.test(s.type)?u.checked=s.checked:"input"!==l&&"textarea"!==l||(u.defaultValue=s.defaultValue);if(t)if(n)for(o=o||ve(e),a=a||ve(c),r=0,i=o.length;r<i;r++)Oe(o[r],a[r]);else Oe(e,c);return 0<(a=ve(c,"script")).length&&ye(a,!f&&ve(e,"script")),c},cleanData:function(e){for(var t,n,r,i=S.event.special,o=0;void 0!==(n=e[o]);o++)if(V(n)){if(t=n[Y.expando]){if(t.events)for(r in t.events)i[r]?S.event.remove(n,r):S.removeEvent(n,r,t.handle);n[Y.expando]=void 0}n[Q.expando]&&(n[Q.expando]=void 0)}}}),S.fn.extend({detach:function(e){return Re(this,e,!0)},remove:function(e){return Re(this,e)},text:function(e){return $(this,function(e){return void 0===e?S.text(this):this.empty().each(function(){1!==this.nodeType&&11!==this.nodeType&&9!==this.nodeType||(this.textContent=e)})},null,e,arguments.length)},append:function(){return Pe(this,arguments,function(e){1!==this.nodeType&&11!==this.nodeType&&9!==this.nodeType||qe(this,e).appendChild(e)})},prepend:function(){return Pe(this,arguments,function(e){if(1===this.nodeType||11===this.nodeType||9===this.nodeType){var t=qe(this,e);t.insertBefore(e,t.firstChild)}})},before:function(){return Pe(this,arguments,function(e){this.parentNode&&this.parentNode.insertBefore(e,this)})},after:function(){return Pe(this,arguments,function(e){this.parentNode&&this.parentNode.insertBefore(e,this.nextSibling)})},empty:function(){for(var e,t=0;null!=(e=this[t]);t++)1===e.nodeType&&(S.cleanData(ve(e,!1)),e.textContent="");return this},clone:function(e,t){return e=null!=e&&e,t=null==t?e:t,this.map(function(){return S.clone(this,e,t)})},html:function(e){return $(this,function(e){var t=this[0]||{},n=0,r=this.length;if(void 0===e&&1===t.nodeType)return t.innerHTML;if("string"==typeof e&&!Ne.test(e)&&!ge[(de.exec(e)||["",""])[1].toLowerCase()]){e=S.htmlPrefilter(e);try{for(;n<r;n++)1===(t=this[n]||{}).nodeType&&(S.cleanData(ve(t,!1)),t.innerHTML=e);t=0}catch(e){}}t&&this.empty().append(e)},null,e,arguments.length)},replaceWith:function(){var n=[];return Pe(this,arguments,function(e){var t=this.parentNode;S.inArray(this,n)<0&&(S.cleanData(ve(this)),t&&t.replaceChild(e,this))},n)}}),S.each({appendTo:"append",prependTo:"prepend",insertBefore:"before",insertAfter:"after",replaceAll:"replaceWith"},function(e,a){S.fn[e]=function(e){for(var t,n=[],r=S(e),i=r.length-1,o=0;o<=i;o++)t=o===i?this:this.clone(!0),S(r[o])[a](t),u.apply(n,t.get());return this.pushStack(n)}});var Me=new RegExp("^("+ee+")(?!px)[a-z%]+$","i"),Ie=function(e){var t=e.ownerDocument.defaultView;return t&&t.opener||(t=C),t.getComputedStyle(e)},We=function(e,t,n){var r,i,o={};for(i in t)o[i]=e.style[i],e.style[i]=t[i];for(i in r=n.call(e),t)e.style[i]=o[i];return r},Fe=new RegExp(ne.join("|"),"i");function Be(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a,s=e.style;return(n=n||Ie(e))&&(""!==(a=n.getPropertyValue(t)||n[t])||ie(e)||(a=S.style(e,t)),!y.pixelBoxStyles()&&Me.test(a)&&Fe.test(t)&&(r=s.width,i=s.minWidth,o=s.maxWidth,s.minWidth=s.maxWidth=s.width=a,a=n.width,s.width=r,s.minWidth=i,s.maxWidth=o)),void 0!==a?a+"":a}function $e(e,t){return{get:function(){if(!e())return(this.get=t).apply(this,arguments);delete this.get}}}!function(){function e(){if(l){u.style.cssText="position:absolute;left:-11111px;width:60px;margin-top:1px;padding:0;border:0",l.style.cssText="position:relative;display:block;box-sizing:border-box;overflow:scroll;margin:auto;border:1px;padding:1px;width:60%;top:1%",re.appendChild(u).appendChild(l);var e=C.getComputedStyle(l);n="1%"!==e.top,s=12===t(e.marginLeft),l.style.right="60%",o=36===t(e.right),r=36===t(e.width),l.style.position="absolute",i=12===t(l.offsetWidth/3),re.removeChild(u),l=null}}function t(e){return Math.round(parseFloat(e))}var n,r,i,o,a,s,u=E.createElement("div"),l=E.createElement("div");l.style&&(l.style.backgroundClip="content-box",l.cloneNode(!0).style.backgroundClip="",y.clearCloneStyle="content-box"===l.style.backgroundClip,S.extend(y,{boxSizingReliable:function(){return e(),r},pixelBoxStyles:function(){return e(),o},pixelPosition:function(){return e(),n},reliableMarginLeft:function(){return e(),s},scrollboxSize:function(){return e(),i},reliableTrDimensions:function(){var e,t,n,r;return null==a&&(e=E.createElement("table"),t=E.createElement("tr"),n=E.createElement("div"),e.style.cssText="position:absolute;left:-11111px",t.style.height="1px",n.style.height="9px",re.appendChild(e).appendChild(t).appendChild(n),r=C.getComputedStyle(t),a=3<parseInt(r.height),re.removeChild(e)),a}}))}();var _e=["Webkit","Moz","ms"],ze=E.createElement("div").style,Ue={};function Xe(e){var t=S.cssProps[e]||Ue[e];return t||(e in ze?e:Ue[e]=function(e){var t=e[0].toUpperCase()+e.slice(1),n=_e.length;while(n--)if((e=_e[n]+t)in ze)return e}(e)||e)}var Ve=/^(none|table(?!-c[ea]).+)/,Ge=/^--/,Ye={position:"absolute",visibility:"hidden",display:"block"},Qe={letterSpacing:"0",fontWeight:"400"};function Je(e,t,n){var r=te.exec(t);return r?Math.max(0,r[2]-(n||0))+(r[3]||"px"):t}function Ke(e,t,n,r,i,o){var a="width"===t?1:0,s=0,u=0;if(n===(r?"border":"content"))return 0;for(;a<4;a+=2)"margin"===n&&(u+=S.css(e,n+ne[a],!0,i)),r?("content"===n&&(u-=S.css(e,"padding"+ne[a],!0,i)),"margin"!==n&&(u-=S.css(e,"border"+ne[a]+"Width",!0,i))):(u+=S.css(e,"padding"+ne[a],!0,i),"padding"!==n?u+=S.css(e,"border"+ne[a]+"Width",!0,i):s+=S.css(e,"border"+ne[a]+"Width",!0,i));return!r&&0<=o&&(u+=Math.max(0,Math.ceil(e["offset"+t[0].toUpperCase()+t.slice(1)]-o-u-s-.5))||0),u}function Ze(e,t,n){var r=Ie(e),i=(!y.boxSizingReliable()||n)&&"border-box"===S.css(e,"boxSizing",!1,r),o=i,a=Be(e,t,r),s="offset"+t[0].toUpperCase()+t.slice(1);if(Me.test(a)){if(!n)return a;a="auto"}return(!y.boxSizingReliable()&&i||!y.reliableTrDimensions()&&A(e,"tr")||"auto"===a||!parseFloat(a)&&"inline"===S.css(e,"display",!1,r))&&e.getClientRects().length&&(i="border-box"===S.css(e,"boxSizing",!1,r),(o=s in e)&&(a=e[s])),(a=parseFloat(a)||0)+Ke(e,t,n||(i?"border":"content"),o,r,a)+"px"}function et(e,t,n,r,i){return new et.prototype.init(e,t,n,r,i)}S.extend({cssHooks:{opacity:{get:function(e,t){if(t){var n=Be(e,"opacity");return""===n?"1":n}}}},cssNumber:{animationIterationCount:!0,columnCount:!0,fillOpacity:!0,flexGrow:!0,flexShrink:!0,fontWeight:!0,gridArea:!0,gridColumn:!0,gridColumnEnd:!0,gridColumnStart:!0,gridRow:!0,gridRowEnd:!0,gridRowStart:!0,lineHeight:!0,opacity:!0,order:!0,orphans:!0,widows:!0,zIndex:!0,zoom:!0},cssProps:{},style:function(e,t,n,r){if(e&&3!==e.nodeType&&8!==e.nodeType&&e.style){var i,o,a,s=X(t),u=Ge.test(t),l=e.style;if(u||(t=Xe(s)),a=S.cssHooks[t]||S.cssHooks[s],void 0===n)return a&&"get"in a&&void 0!==(i=a.get(e,!1,r))?i:l[t];"string"===(o=typeof n)&&(i=te.exec(n))&&i[1]&&(n=se(e,t,i),o="number"),null!=n&&n==n&&("number"!==o||u||(n+=i&&i[3]||(S.cssNumber[s]?"":"px")),y.clearCloneStyle||""!==n||0!==t.indexOf("background")||(l[t]="inherit"),a&&"set"in a&&void 0===(n=a.set(e,n,r))||(u?l.setProperty(t,n):l[t]=n))}},css:function(e,t,n,r){var i,o,a,s=X(t);return Ge.test(t)||(t=Xe(s)),(a=S.cssHooks[t]||S.cssHooks[s])&&"get"in a&&(i=a.get(e,!0,n)),void 0===i&&(i=Be(e,t,r)),"normal"===i&&t in Qe&&(i=Qe[t]),""===n||n?(o=parseFloat(i),!0===n||isFinite(o)?o||0:i):i}}),S.each(["height","width"],function(e,u){S.cssHooks[u]={get:function(e,t,n){if(t)return!Ve.test(S.css(e,"display"))||e.getClientRects().length&&e.getBoundingClientRect().width?Ze(e,u,n):We(e,Ye,function(){return Ze(e,u,n)})},set:function(e,t,n){var r,i=Ie(e),o=!y.scrollboxSize()&&"absolute"===i.position,a=(o||n)&&"border-box"===S.css(e,"boxSizing",!1,i),s=n?Ke(e,u,n,a,i):0;return a&&o&&(s-=Math.ceil(e["offset"+u[0].toUpperCase()+u.slice(1)]-parseFloat(i[u])-Ke(e,u,"border",!1,i)-.5)),s&&(r=te.exec(t))&&"px"!==(r[3]||"px")&&(e.style[u]=t,t=S.css(e,u)),Je(0,t,s)}}}),S.cssHooks.marginLeft=$e(y.reliableMarginLeft,function(e,t){if(t)return(parseFloat(Be(e,"marginLeft"))||e.getBoundingClientRect().left-We(e,{marginLeft:0},function(){return e.getBoundingClientRect().left}))+"px"}),S.each({margin:"",padding:"",border:"Width"},function(i,o){S.cssHooks[i+o]={expand:function(e){for(var t=0,n={},r="string"==typeof e?e.split(" "):[e];t<4;t++)n[i+ne[t]+o]=r[t]||r[t-2]||r[0];return n}},"margin"!==i&&(S.cssHooks[i+o].set=Je)}),S.fn.extend({css:function(e,t){return $(this,function(e,t,n){var r,i,o={},a=0;if(Array.isArray(t)){for(r=Ie(e),i=t.length;a<i;a++)o[t[a]]=S.css(e,t[a],!1,r);return o}return void 0!==n?S.style(e,t,n):S.css(e,t)},e,t,1<arguments.length)}}),((S.Tween=et).prototype={constructor:et,init:function(e,t,n,r,i,o){this.elem=e,this.prop=n,this.easing=i||S.easing._default,this.options=t,this.start=this.now=this.cur(),this.end=r,this.unit=o||(S.cssNumber[n]?"":"px")},cur:function(){var e=et.propHooks[this.prop];return e&&e.get?e.get(this):et.propHooks._default.get(this)},run:function(e){var t,n=et.propHooks[this.prop];return this.options.duration?this.pos=t=S.easing[this.easing](e,this.options.duration*e,0,1,this.options.duration):this.pos=t=e,this.now=(this.end-this.start)*t+this.start,this.options.step&&this.options.step.call(this.elem,this.now,this),n&&n.set?n.set(this):et.propHooks._default.set(this),this}}).init.prototype=et.prototype,(et.propHooks={_default:{get:function(e){var t;return 1!==e.elem.nodeType||null!=e.elem[e.prop]&&null==e.elem.style[e.prop]?e.elem[e.prop]:(t=S.css(e.elem,e.prop,""))&&"auto"!==t?t:0},set:function(e){S.fx.step[e.prop]?S.fx.step[e.prop](e):1!==e.elem.nodeType||!S.cssHooks[e.prop]&&null==e.elem.style[Xe(e.prop)]?e.elem[e.prop]=e.now:S.style(e.elem,e.prop,e.now+e.unit)}}}).scrollTop=et.propHooks.scrollLeft={set:function(e){e.elem.nodeType&&e.elem.parentNode&&(e.elem[e.prop]=e.now)}},S.easing={linear:function(e){return e},swing:function(e){return.5-Math.cos(e*Math.PI)/2},_default:"swing"},S.fx=et.prototype.init,S.fx.step={};var tt,nt,rt,it,ot=/^(?:toggle|show|hide)$/,at=/queueHooks$/;function st(){nt&&(!1===E.hidden&&C.requestAnimationFrame?C.requestAnimationFrame(st):C.setTimeout(st,S.fx.interval),S.fx.tick())}function ut(){return C.setTimeout(function(){tt=void 0}),tt=Date.now()}function lt(e,t){var n,r=0,i={height:e};for(t=t?1:0;r<4;r+=2-t)i["margin"+(n=ne[r])]=i["padding"+n]=e;return t&&(i.opacity=i.width=e),i}function ct(e,t,n){for(var r,i=(ft.tweeners[t]||[]).concat(ft.tweeners["*"]),o=0,a=i.length;o<a;o++)if(r=i[o].call(n,t,e))return r}function ft(o,e,t){var n,a,r=0,i=ft.prefilters.length,s=S.Deferred().always(function(){delete u.elem}),u=function(){if(a)return!1;for(var e=tt||ut(),t=Math.max(0,l.startTime+l.duration-e),n=1-(t/l.duration||0),r=0,i=l.tweens.length;r<i;r++)l.tweens[r].run(n);return s.notifyWith(o,[l,n,t]),n<1&&i?t:(i||s.notifyWith(o,[l,1,0]),s.resolveWith(o,[l]),!1)},l=s.promise({elem:o,props:S.extend({},e),opts:S.extend(!0,{specialEasing:{},easing:S.easing._default},t),originalProperties:e,originalOptions:t,startTime:tt||ut(),duration:t.duration,tweens:[],createTween:function(e,t){var n=S.Tween(o,l.opts,e,t,l.opts.specialEasing[e]||l.opts.easing);return l.tweens.push(n),n},stop:function(e){var t=0,n=e?l.tweens.length:0;if(a)return this;for(a=!0;t<n;t++)l.tweens[t].run(1);return e?(s.notifyWith(o,[l,1,0]),s.resolveWith(o,[l,e])):s.rejectWith(o,[l,e]),this}}),c=l.props;for(!function(e,t){var n,r,i,o,a;for(n in e)if(i=t[r=X(n)],o=e[n],Array.isArray(o)&&(i=o[1],o=e[n]=o[0]),n!==r&&(e[r]=o,delete e[n]),(a=S.cssHooks[r])&&"expand"in a)for(n in o=a.expand(o),delete e[r],o)n in e||(e[n]=o[n],t[n]=i);else t[r]=i}(c,l.opts.specialEasing);r<i;r++)if(n=ft.prefilters[r].call(l,o,c,l.opts))return m(n.stop)&&(S._queueHooks(l.elem,l.opts.queue).stop=n.stop.bind(n)),n;return S.map(c,ct,l),m(l.opts.start)&&l.opts.start.call(o,l),l.progress(l.opts.progress).done(l.opts.done,l.opts.complete).fail(l.opts.fail).always(l.opts.always),S.fx.timer(S.extend(u,{elem:o,anim:l,queue:l.opts.queue})),l}S.Animation=S.extend(ft,{tweeners:{"*":[function(e,t){var n=this.createTween(e,t);return se(n.elem,e,te.exec(t),n),n}]},tweener:function(e,t){m(e)?(t=e,e=["*"]):e=e.match(P);for(var n,r=0,i=e.length;r<i;r++)n=e[r],ft.tweeners[n]=ft.tweeners[n]||[],ft.tweeners[n].unshift(t)},prefilters:[function(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a,s,u,l,c,f="width"in t||"height"in t,p=this,d={},h=e.style,g=e.nodeType&&ae(e),v=Y.get(e,"fxshow");for(r in n.queue||(null==(a=S._queueHooks(e,"fx")).unqueued&&(a.unqueued=0,s=a.empty.fire,a.empty.fire=function(){a.unqueued||s()}),a.unqueued++,p.always(function(){p.always(function(){a.unqueued--,S.queue(e,"fx").length||a.empty.fire()})})),t)if(i=t[r],ot.test(i)){if(delete t[r],o=o||"toggle"===i,i===(g?"hide":"show")){if("show"!==i||!v||void 0===v[r])continue;g=!0}d[r]=v&&v[r]||S.style(e,r)}if((u=!S.isEmptyObject(t))||!S.isEmptyObject(d))for(r in f&&1===e.nodeType&&(n.overflow=[h.overflow,h.overflowX,h.overflowY],null==(l=v&&v.display)&&(l=Y.get(e,"display")),"none"===(c=S.css(e,"display"))&&(l?c=l:(le([e],!0),l=e.style.display||l,c=S.css(e,"display"),le([e]))),("inline"===c||"inline-block"===c&&null!=l)&&"none"===S.css(e,"float")&&(u||(p.done(function(){h.display=l}),null==l&&(c=h.display,l="none"===c?"":c)),h.display="inline-block")),n.overflow&&(h.overflow="hidden",p.always(function(){h.overflow=n.overflow[0],h.overflowX=n.overflow[1],h.overflowY=n.overflow[2]})),u=!1,d)u||(v?"hidden"in v&&(g=v.hidden):v=Y.access(e,"fxshow",{display:l}),o&&(v.hidden=!g),g&&le([e],!0),p.done(function(){for(r in g||le([e]),Y.remove(e,"fxshow"),d)S.style(e,r,d[r])})),u=ct(g?v[r]:0,r,p),r in v||(v[r]=u.start,g&&(u.end=u.start,u.start=0))}],prefilter:function(e,t){t?ft.prefilters.unshift(e):ft.prefilters.push(e)}}),S.speed=function(e,t,n){var r=e&&"object"==typeof e?S.extend({},e):{complete:n||!n&&t||m(e)&&e,duration:e,easing:n&&t||t&&!m(t)&&t};return S.fx.off?r.duration=0:"number"!=typeof r.duration&&(r.duration in S.fx.speeds?r.duration=S.fx.speeds[r.duration]:r.duration=S.fx.speeds._default),null!=r.queue&&!0!==r.queue||(r.queue="fx"),r.old=r.complete,r.complete=function(){m(r.old)&&r.old.call(this),r.queue&&S.dequeue(this,r.queue)},r},S.fn.extend({fadeTo:function(e,t,n,r){return this.filter(ae).css("opacity",0).show().end().animate({opacity:t},e,n,r)},animate:function(t,e,n,r){var i=S.isEmptyObject(t),o=S.speed(e,n,r),a=function(){var e=ft(this,S.extend({},t),o);(i||Y.get(this,"finish"))&&e.stop(!0)};return a.finish=a,i||!1===o.queue?this.each(a):this.queue(o.queue,a)},stop:function(i,e,o){var a=function(e){var t=e.stop;delete e.stop,t(o)};return"string"!=typeof i&&(o=e,e=i,i=void 0),e&&this.queue(i||"fx",[]),this.each(function(){var e=!0,t=null!=i&&i+"queueHooks",n=S.timers,r=Y.get(this);if(t)r[t]&&r[t].stop&&a(r[t]);else for(t in r)r[t]&&r[t].stop&&at.test(t)&&a(r[t]);for(t=n.length;t--;)n[t].elem!==this||null!=i&&n[t].queue!==i||(n[t].anim.stop(o),e=!1,n.splice(t,1));!e&&o||S.dequeue(this,i)})},finish:function(a){return!1!==a&&(a=a||"fx"),this.each(function(){var e,t=Y.get(this),n=t[a+"queue"],r=t[a+"queueHooks"],i=S.timers,o=n?n.length:0;for(t.finish=!0,S.queue(this,a,[]),r&&r.stop&&r.stop.call(this,!0),e=i.length;e--;)i[e].elem===this&&i[e].queue===a&&(i[e].anim.stop(!0),i.splice(e,1));for(e=0;e<o;e++)n[e]&&n[e].finish&&n[e].finish.call(this);delete t.finish})}}),S.each(["toggle","show","hide"],function(e,r){var i=S.fn[r];S.fn[r]=function(e,t,n){return null==e||"boolean"==typeof e?i.apply(this,arguments):this.animate(lt(r,!0),e,t,n)}}),S.each({slideDown:lt("show"),slideUp:lt("hide"),slideToggle:lt("toggle"),fadeIn:{opacity:"show"},fadeOut:{opacity:"hide"},fadeToggle:{opacity:"toggle"}},function(e,r){S.fn[e]=function(e,t,n){return this.animate(r,e,t,n)}}),S.timers=[],S.fx.tick=function(){var e,t=0,n=S.timers;for(tt=Date.now();t<n.length;t++)(e=n[t])()||n[t]!==e||n.splice(t--,1);n.length||S.fx.stop(),tt=void 0},S.fx.timer=function(e){S.timers.push(e),S.fx.start()},S.fx.interval=13,S.fx.start=function(){nt||(nt=!0,st())},S.fx.stop=function(){nt=null},S.fx.speeds={slow:600,fast:200,_default:400},S.fn.delay=function(r,e){return r=S.fx&&S.fx.speeds[r]||r,e=e||"fx",this.queue(e,function(e,t){var n=C.setTimeout(e,r);t.stop=function(){C.clearTimeout(n)}})},rt=E.createElement("input"),it=E.createElement("select").appendChild(E.createElement("option")),rt.type="checkbox",y.checkOn=""!==rt.value,y.optSelected=it.selected,(rt=E.createElement("input")).value="t",rt.type="radio",y.radioValue="t"===rt.value;var pt,dt=S.expr.attrHandle;S.fn.extend({attr:function(e,t){return $(this,S.attr,e,t,1<arguments.length)},removeAttr:function(e){return this.each(function(){S.removeAttr(this,e)})}}),S.extend({attr:function(e,t,n){var r,i,o=e.nodeType;if(3!==o&&8!==o&&2!==o)return"undefined"==typeof e.getAttribute?S.prop(e,t,n):(1===o&&S.isXMLDoc(e)||(i=S.attrHooks[t.toLowerCase()]||(S.expr.match.bool.test(t)?pt:void 0)),void 0!==n?null===n?void S.removeAttr(e,t):i&&"set"in i&&void 0!==(r=i.set(e,n,t))?r:(e.setAttribute(t,n+""),n):i&&"get"in i&&null!==(r=i.get(e,t))?r:null==(r=S.find.attr(e,t))?void 0:r)},attrHooks:{type:{set:function(e,t){if(!y.radioValue&&"radio"===t&&A(e,"input")){var n=e.value;return e.setAttribute("type",t),n&&(e.value=n),t}}}},removeAttr:function(e,t){var n,r=0,i=t&&t.match(P);if(i&&1===e.nodeType)while(n=i[r++])e.removeAttribute(n)}}),pt={set:function(e,t,n){return!1===t?S.removeAttr(e,n):e.setAttribute(n,n),n}},S.each(S.expr.match.bool.source.match(/\w+/g),function(e,t){var a=dt[t]||S.find.attr;dt[t]=function(e,t,n){var r,i,o=t.toLowerCase();return n||(i=dt[o],dt[o]=r,r=null!=a(e,t,n)?o:null,dt[o]=i),r}});var ht=/^(?:input|select|textarea|button)$/i,gt=/^(?:a|area)$/i;function vt(e){return(e.match(P)||[]).join(" ")}function yt(e){return e.getAttribute&&e.getAttribute("class")||""}function mt(e){return Array.isArray(e)?e:"string"==typeof e&&e.match(P)||[]}S.fn.extend({prop:function(e,t){return $(this,S.prop,e,t,1<arguments.length)},removeProp:function(e){return this.each(function(){delete this[S.propFix[e]||e]})}}),S.extend({prop:function(e,t,n){var r,i,o=e.nodeType;if(3!==o&&8!==o&&2!==o)return 1===o&&S.isXMLDoc(e)||(t=S.propFix[t]||t,i=S.propHooks[t]),void 0!==n?i&&"set"in i&&void 0!==(r=i.set(e,n,t))?r:e[t]=n:i&&"get"in i&&null!==(r=i.get(e,t))?r:e[t]},propHooks:{tabIndex:{get:function(e){var t=S.find.attr(e,"tabindex");return t?parseInt(t,10):ht.test(e.nodeName)||gt.test(e.nodeName)&&e.href?0:-1}}},propFix:{for:"htmlFor",class:"className"}}),y.optSelected||(S.propHooks.selected={get:function(e){var t=e.parentNode;return t&&t.parentNode&&t.parentNode.selectedIndex,null},set:function(e){var t=e.parentNode;t&&(t.selectedIndex,t.parentNode&&t.parentNode.selectedIndex)}}),S.each(["tabIndex","readOnly","maxLength","cellSpacing","cellPadding","rowSpan","colSpan","useMap","frameBorder","contentEditable"],function(){S.propFix[this.toLowerCase()]=this}),S.fn.extend({addClass:function(t){var e,n,r,i,o,a,s,u=0;if(m(t))return this.each(function(e){S(this).addClass(t.call(this,e,yt(this)))});if((e=mt(t)).length)while(n=this[u++])if(i=yt(n),r=1===n.nodeType&&" "+vt(i)+" "){a=0;while(o=e[a++])r.indexOf(" "+o+" ")<0&&(r+=o+" ");i!==(s=vt(r))&&n.setAttribute("class",s)}return this},removeClass:function(t){var e,n,r,i,o,a,s,u=0;if(m(t))return this.each(function(e){S(this).removeClass(t.call(this,e,yt(this)))});if(!arguments.length)return this.attr("class","");if((e=mt(t)).length)while(n=this[u++])if(i=yt(n),r=1===n.nodeType&&" "+vt(i)+" "){a=0;while(o=e[a++])while(-1<r.indexOf(" "+o+" "))r=r.replace(" "+o+" "," ");i!==(s=vt(r))&&n.setAttribute("class",s)}return this},toggleClass:function(i,t){var o=typeof i,a="string"===o||Array.isArray(i);return"boolean"==typeof t&&a?t?this.addClass(i):this.removeClass(i):m(i)?this.each(function(e){S(this).toggleClass(i.call(this,e,yt(this),t),t)}):this.each(function(){var e,t,n,r;if(a){t=0,n=S(this),r=mt(i);while(e=r[t++])n.hasClass(e)?n.removeClass(e):n.addClass(e)}else void 0!==i&&"boolean"!==o||((e=yt(this))&&Y.set(this,"__className__",e),this.setAttribute&&this.setAttribute("class",e||!1===i?"":Y.get(this,"__className__")||""))})},hasClass:function(e){var t,n,r=0;t=" "+e+" ";while(n=this[r++])if(1===n.nodeType&&-1<(" "+vt(yt(n))+" ").indexOf(t))return!0;return!1}});var xt=/\r/g;S.fn.extend({val:function(n){var r,e,i,t=this[0];return arguments.length?(i=m(n),this.each(function(e){var t;1===this.nodeType&&(null==(t=i?n.call(this,e,S(this).val()):n)?t="":"number"==typeof t?t+="":Array.isArray(t)&&(t=S.map(t,function(e){return null==e?"":e+""})),(r=S.valHooks[this.type]||S.valHooks[this.nodeName.toLowerCase()])&&"set"in r&&void 0!==r.set(this,t,"value")||(this.value=t))})):t?(r=S.valHooks[t.type]||S.valHooks[t.nodeName.toLowerCase()])&&"get"in r&&void 0!==(e=r.get(t,"value"))?e:"string"==typeof(e=t.value)?e.replace(xt,""):null==e?"":e:void 0}}),S.extend({valHooks:{option:{get:function(e){var t=S.find.attr(e,"value");return null!=t?t:vt(S.text(e))}},select:{get:function(e){var t,n,r,i=e.options,o=e.selectedIndex,a="select-one"===e.type,s=a?null:[],u=a?o+1:i.length;for(r=o<0?u:a?o:0;r<u;r++)if(((n=i[r]).selected||r===o)&&!n.disabled&&(!n.parentNode.disabled||!A(n.parentNode,"optgroup"))){if(t=S(n).val(),a)return t;s.push(t)}return s},set:function(e,t){var n,r,i=e.options,o=S.makeArray(t),a=i.length;while(a--)((r=i[a]).selected=-1<S.inArray(S.valHooks.option.get(r),o))&&(n=!0);return n||(e.selectedIndex=-1),o}}}}),S.each(["radio","checkbox"],function(){S.valHooks[this]={set:function(e,t){if(Array.isArray(t))return e.checked=-1<S.inArray(S(e).val(),t)}},y.checkOn||(S.valHooks[this].get=function(e){return null===e.getAttribute("value")?"on":e.value})}),y.focusin="onfocusin"in C;var bt=/^(?:focusinfocus|focusoutblur)$/,wt=function(e){e.stopPropagation()};S.extend(S.event,{trigger:function(e,t,n,r){var i,o,a,s,u,l,c,f,p=[n||E],d=v.call(e,"type")?e.type:e,h=v.call(e,"namespace")?e.namespace.split("."):[];if(o=f=a=n=n||E,3!==n.nodeType&&8!==n.nodeType&&!bt.test(d+S.event.triggered)&&(-1<d.indexOf(".")&&(d=(h=d.split(".")).shift(),h.sort()),u=d.indexOf(":")<0&&"on"+d,(e=e[S.expando]?e:new S.Event(d,"object"==typeof e&&e)).isTrigger=r?2:3,e.namespace=h.join("."),e.rnamespace=e.namespace?new RegExp("(^|\\.)"+h.join("\\.(?:.*\\.|)")+"(\\.|$)"):null,e.result=void 0,e.target||(e.target=n),t=null==t?[e]:S.makeArray(t,[e]),c=S.event.special[d]||{},r||!c.trigger||!1!==c.trigger.apply(n,t))){if(!r&&!c.noBubble&&!x(n)){for(s=c.delegateType||d,bt.test(s+d)||(o=o.parentNode);o;o=o.parentNode)p.push(o),a=o;a===(n.ownerDocument||E)&&p.push(a.defaultView||a.parentWindow||C)}i=0;while((o=p[i++])&&!e.isPropagationStopped())f=o,e.type=1<i?s:c.bindType||d,(l=(Y.get(o,"events")||Object.create(null))[e.type]&&Y.get(o,"handle"))&&l.apply(o,t),(l=u&&o[u])&&l.apply&&V(o)&&(e.result=l.apply(o,t),!1===e.result&&e.preventDefault());return e.type=d,r||e.isDefaultPrevented()||c._default&&!1!==c._default.apply(p.pop(),t)||!V(n)||u&&m(n[d])&&!x(n)&&((a=n[u])&&(n[u]=null),S.event.triggered=d,e.isPropagationStopped()&&f.addEventListener(d,wt),n[d](),e.isPropagationStopped()&&f.removeEventListener(d,wt),S.event.triggered=void 0,a&&(n[u]=a)),e.result}},simulate:function(e,t,n){var r=S.extend(new S.Event,n,{type:e,isSimulated:!0});S.event.trigger(r,null,t)}}),S.fn.extend({trigger:function(e,t){return this.each(function(){S.event.trigger(e,t,this)})},triggerHandler:function(e,t){var n=this[0];if(n)return S.event.trigger(e,t,n,!0)}}),y.focusin||S.each({focus:"focusin",blur:"focusout"},function(n,r){var i=function(e){S.event.simulate(r,e.target,S.event.fix(e))};S.event.special[r]={setup:function(){var e=this.ownerDocument||this.document||this,t=Y.access(e,r);t||e.addEventListener(n,i,!0),Y.access(e,r,(t||0)+1)},teardown:function(){var e=this.ownerDocument||this.document||this,t=Y.access(e,r)-1;t?Y.access(e,r,t):(e.removeEventListener(n,i,!0),Y.remove(e,r))}}});var Tt=C.location,Ct={guid:Date.now()},Et=/\?/;S.parseXML=function(e){var t;if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return null;try{t=(new C.DOMParser).parseFromString(e,"text/xml")}catch(e){t=void 0}return t&&!t.getElementsByTagName("parsererror").length||S.error("Invalid XML: "+e),t};var St=/\[\]$/,kt=/\r?\n/g,At=/^(?:submit|button|image|reset|file)$/i,Nt=/^(?:input|select|textarea|keygen)/i;function Dt(n,e,r,i){var t;if(Array.isArray(e))S.each(e,function(e,t){r||St.test(n)?i(n,t):Dt(n+"["+("object"==typeof t&&null!=t?e:"")+"]",t,r,i)});else if(r||"object"!==w(e))i(n,e);else for(t in e)Dt(n+"["+t+"]",e[t],r,i)}S.param=function(e,t){var n,r=[],i=function(e,t){var n=m(t)?t():t;r[r.length]=encodeURIComponent(e)+"="+encodeURIComponent(null==n?"":n)};if(null==e)return"";if(Array.isArray(e)||e.jquery&&!S.isPlainObject(e))S.each(e,function(){i(this.name,this.value)});else for(n in e)Dt(n,e[n],t,i);return r.join("&")},S.fn.extend({serialize:function(){return S.param(this.serializeArray())},serializeArray:function(){return this.map(function(){var e=S.prop(this,"elements");return e?S.makeArray(e):this}).filter(function(){var e=this.type;return this.name&&!S(this).is(":disabled")&&Nt.test(this.nodeName)&&!At.test(e)&&(this.checked||!pe.test(e))}).map(function(e,t){var n=S(this).val();return null==n?null:Array.isArray(n)?S.map(n,function(e){return{name:t.name,value:e.replace(kt,"\r\n")}}):{name:t.name,value:n.replace(kt,"\r\n")}}).get()}});var jt=/%20/g,qt=/#.*$/,Lt=/([?&])_=[^&]*/,Ht=/^(.*?):[ \t]*([^\r\n]*)$/gm,Ot=/^(?:GET|HEAD)$/,Pt=/^\/\//,Rt={},Mt={},It="*/".concat("*"),Wt=E.createElement("a");function Ft(o){return function(e,t){"string"!=typeof e&&(t=e,e="*");var n,r=0,i=e.toLowerCase().match(P)||[];if(m(t))while(n=i[r++])"+"===n[0]?(n=n.slice(1)||"*",(o[n]=o[n]||[]).unshift(t)):(o[n]=o[n]||[]).push(t)}}function Bt(t,i,o,a){var s={},u=t===Mt;function l(e){var r;return s[e]=!0,S.each(t[e]||[],function(e,t){var n=t(i,o,a);return"string"!=typeof n||u||s[n]?u?!(r=n):void 0:(i.dataTypes.unshift(n),l(n),!1)}),r}return l(i.dataTypes[0])||!s["*"]&&l("*")}function $t(e,t){var n,r,i=S.ajaxSettings.flatOptions||{};for(n in t)void 0!==t[n]&&((i[n]?e:r||(r={}))[n]=t[n]);return r&&S.extend(!0,e,r),e}Wt.href=Tt.href,S.extend({active:0,lastModified:{},etag:{},ajaxSettings:{url:Tt.href,type:"GET",isLocal:/^(?:about|app|app-storage|.+-extension|file|res|widget):$/.test(Tt.protocol),global:!0,processData:!0,async:!0,contentType:"application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8",accepts:{"*":It,text:"text/plain",html:"text/html",xml:"application/xml, text/xml",json:"application/json, text/javascript"},contents:{xml:/\bxml\b/,html:/\bhtml/,json:/\bjson\b/},responseFields:{xml:"responseXML",text:"responseText",json:"responseJSON"},converters:{"* text":String,"text html":!0,"text json":JSON.parse,"text xml":S.parseXML},flatOptions:{url:!0,context:!0}},ajaxSetup:function(e,t){return t?$t($t(e,S.ajaxSettings),t):$t(S.ajaxSettings,e)},ajaxPrefilter:Ft(Rt),ajaxTransport:Ft(Mt),ajax:function(e,t){"object"==typeof e&&(t=e,e=void 0),t=t||{};var c,f,p,n,d,r,h,g,i,o,v=S.ajaxSetup({},t),y=v.context||v,m=v.context&&(y.nodeType||y.jquery)?S(y):S.event,x=S.Deferred(),b=S.Callbacks("once memory"),w=v.statusCode||{},a={},s={},u="canceled",T={readyState:0,getResponseHeader:function(e){var t;if(h){if(!n){n={};while(t=Ht.exec(p))n[t[1].toLowerCase()+" "]=(n[t[1].toLowerCase()+" "]||[]).concat(t[2])}t=n[e.toLowerCase()+" "]}return null==t?null:t.join(", ")},getAllResponseHeaders:function(){return h?p:null},setRequestHeader:function(e,t){return null==h&&(e=s[e.toLowerCase()]=s[e.toLowerCase()]||e,a[e]=t),this},overrideMimeType:function(e){return null==h&&(v.mimeType=e),this},statusCode:function(e){var t;if(e)if(h)T.always(e[T.status]);else for(t in e)w[t]=[w[t],e[t]];return this},abort:function(e){var t=e||u;return c&&c.abort(t),l(0,t),this}};if(x.promise(T),v.url=((e||v.url||Tt.href)+"").replace(Pt,Tt.protocol+"//"),v.type=t.method||t.type||v.method||v.type,v.dataTypes=(v.dataType||"*").toLowerCase().match(P)||[""],null==v.crossDomain){r=E.createElement("a");try{r.href=v.url,r.href=r.href,v.crossDomain=Wt.protocol+"//"+Wt.host!=r.protocol+"//"+r.host}catch(e){v.crossDomain=!0}}if(v.data&&v.processData&&"string"!=typeof v.data&&(v.data=S.param(v.data,v.traditional)),Bt(Rt,v,t,T),h)return T;for(i in(g=S.event&&v.global)&&0==S.active++&&S.event.trigger("ajaxStart"),v.type=v.type.toUpperCase(),v.hasContent=!Ot.test(v.type),f=v.url.replace(qt,""),v.hasContent?v.data&&v.processData&&0===(v.contentType||"").indexOf("application/x-www-form-urlencoded")&&(v.data=v.data.replace(jt,"+")):(o=v.url.slice(f.length),v.data&&(v.processData||"string"==typeof v.data)&&(f+=(Et.test(f)?"&":"?")+v.data,delete v.data),!1===v.cache&&(f=f.replace(Lt,"$1"),o=(Et.test(f)?"&":"?")+"_="+Ct.guid+++o),v.url=f+o),v.ifModified&&(S.lastModified[f]&&T.setRequestHeader("If-Modified-Since",S.lastModified[f]),S.etag[f]&&T.setRequestHeader("If-None-Match",S.etag[f])),(v.data&&v.hasContent&&!1!==v.contentType||t.contentType)&&T.setRequestHeader("Content-Type",v.contentType),T.setRequestHeader("Accept",v.dataTypes[0]&&v.accepts[v.dataTypes[0]]?v.accepts[v.dataTypes[0]]+("*"!==v.dataTypes[0]?", "+It+"; q=0.01":""):v.accepts["*"]),v.headers)T.setRequestHeader(i,v.headers[i]);if(v.beforeSend&&(!1===v.beforeSend.call(y,T,v)||h))return T.abort();if(u="abort",b.add(v.complete),T.done(v.success),T.fail(v.error),c=Bt(Mt,v,t,T)){if(T.readyState=1,g&&m.trigger("ajaxSend",[T,v]),h)return T;v.async&&0<v.timeout&&(d=C.setTimeout(function(){T.abort("timeout")},v.timeout));try{h=!1,c.send(a,l)}catch(e){if(h)throw e;l(-1,e)}}else l(-1,"No Transport");function l(e,t,n,r){var i,o,a,s,u,l=t;h||(h=!0,d&&C.clearTimeout(d),c=void 0,p=r||"",T.readyState=0<e?4:0,i=200<=e&&e<300||304===e,n&&(s=function(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a,s=e.contents,u=e.dataTypes;while("*"===u[0])u.shift(),void 0===r&&(r=e.mimeType||t.getResponseHeader("Content-Type"));if(r)for(i in s)if(s[i]&&s[i].test(r)){u.unshift(i);break}if(u[0]in n)o=u[0];else{for(i in n){if(!u[0]||e.converters[i+" "+u[0]]){o=i;break}a||(a=i)}o=o||a}if(o)return o!==u[0]&&u.unshift(o),n[o]}(v,T,n)),!i&&-1<S.inArray("script",v.dataTypes)&&(v.converters["text script"]=function(){}),s=function(e,t,n,r){var i,o,a,s,u,l={},c=e.dataTypes.slice();if(c[1])for(a in e.converters)l[a.toLowerCase()]=e.converters[a];o=c.shift();while(o)if(e.responseFields[o]&&(n[e.responseFields[o]]=t),!u&&r&&e.dataFilter&&(t=e.dataFilter(t,e.dataType)),u=o,o=c.shift())if("*"===o)o=u;else if("*"!==u&&u!==o){if(!(a=l[u+" "+o]||l["* "+o]))for(i in l)if((s=i.split(" "))[1]===o&&(a=l[u+" "+s[0]]||l["* "+s[0]])){!0===a?a=l[i]:!0!==l[i]&&(o=s[0],c.unshift(s[1]));break}if(!0!==a)if(a&&e["throws"])t=a(t);else try{t=a(t)}catch(e){return{state:"parsererror",error:a?e:"No conversion from "+u+" to "+o}}}return{state:"success",data:t}}(v,s,T,i),i?(v.ifModified&&((u=T.getResponseHeader("Last-Modified"))&&(S.lastModified[f]=u),(u=T.getResponseHeader("etag"))&&(S.etag[f]=u)),204===e||"HEAD"===v.type?l="nocontent":304===e?l="notmodified":(l=s.state,o=s.data,i=!(a=s.error))):(a=l,!e&&l||(l="error",e<0&&(e=0))),T.status=e,T.statusText=(t||l)+"",i?x.resolveWith(y,[o,l,T]):x.rejectWith(y,[T,l,a]),T.statusCode(w),w=void 0,g&&m.trigger(i?"ajaxSuccess":"ajaxError",[T,v,i?o:a]),b.fireWith(y,[T,l]),g&&(m.trigger("ajaxComplete",[T,v]),--S.active||S.event.trigger("ajaxStop")))}return T},getJSON:function(e,t,n){return S.get(e,t,n,"json")},getScript:function(e,t){return S.get(e,void 0,t,"script")}}),S.each(["get","post"],function(e,i){S[i]=function(e,t,n,r){return m(t)&&(r=r||n,n=t,t=void 0),S.ajax(S.extend({url:e,type:i,dataType:r,data:t,success:n},S.isPlainObject(e)&&e))}}),S.ajaxPrefilter(function(e){var t;for(t in e.headers)"content-type"===t.toLowerCase()&&(e.contentType=e.headers[t]||"")}),S._evalUrl=function(e,t,n){return S.ajax({url:e,type:"GET",dataType:"script",cache:!0,async:!1,global:!1,converters:{"text script":function(){}},dataFilter:function(e){S.globalEval(e,t,n)}})},S.fn.extend({wrapAll:function(e){var t;return this[0]&&(m(e)&&(e=e.call(this[0])),t=S(e,this[0].ownerDocument).eq(0).clone(!0),this[0].parentNode&&t.insertBefore(this[0]),t.map(function(){var e=this;while(e.firstElementChild)e=e.firstElementChild;return e}).append(this)),this},wrapInner:function(n){return m(n)?this.each(function(e){S(this).wrapInner(n.call(this,e))}):this.each(function(){var e=S(this),t=e.contents();t.length?t.wrapAll(n):e.append(n)})},wrap:function(t){var n=m(t);return this.each(function(e){S(this).wrapAll(n?t.call(this,e):t)})},unwrap:function(e){return this.parent(e).not("body").each(function(){S(this).replaceWith(this.childNodes)}),this}}),S.expr.pseudos.hidden=function(e){return!S.expr.pseudos.visible(e)},S.expr.pseudos.visible=function(e){return!!(e.offsetWidth||e.offsetHeight||e.getClientRects().length)},S.ajaxSettings.xhr=function(){try{return new C.XMLHttpRequest}catch(e){}};var _t={0:200,1223:204},zt=S.ajaxSettings.xhr();y.cors=!!zt&&"withCredentials"in zt,y.ajax=zt=!!zt,S.ajaxTransport(function(i){var o,a;if(y.cors||zt&&!i.crossDomain)return{send:function(e,t){var n,r=i.xhr();if(r.open(i.type,i.url,i.async,i.username,i.password),i.xhrFields)for(n in i.xhrFields)r[n]=i.xhrFields[n];for(n in i.mimeType&&r.overrideMimeType&&r.overrideMimeType(i.mimeType),i.crossDomain||e["X-Requested-With"]||(e["X-Requested-With"]="XMLHttpRequest"),e)r.setRequestHeader(n,e[n]);o=function(e){return function(){o&&(o=a=r.onload=r.onerror=r.onabort=r.ontimeout=r.onreadystatechange=null,"abort"===e?r.abort():"error"===e?"number"!=typeof r.status?t(0,"error"):t(r.status,r.statusText):t(_t[r.status]||r.status,r.statusText,"text"!==(r.responseType||"text")||"string"!=typeof r.responseText?{binary:r.response}:{text:r.responseText},r.getAllResponseHeaders()))}},r.onload=o(),a=r.onerror=r.ontimeout=o("error"),void 0!==r.onabort?r.onabort=a:r.onreadystatechange=function(){4===r.readyState&&C.setTimeout(function(){o&&a()})},o=o("abort");try{r.send(i.hasContent&&i.data||null)}catch(e){if(o)throw e}},abort:function(){o&&o()}}}),S.ajaxPrefilter(function(e){e.crossDomain&&(e.contents.script=!1)}),S.ajaxSetup({accepts:{script:"text/javascript, application/javascript, application/ecmascript, application/x-ecmascript"},contents:{script:/\b(?:java|ecma)script\b/},converters:{"text script":function(e){return S.globalEval(e),e}}}),S.ajaxPrefilter("script",function(e){void 0===e.cache&&(e.cache=!1),e.crossDomain&&(e.type="GET")}),S.ajaxTransport("script",function(n){var r,i;if(n.crossDomain||n.scriptAttrs)return{send:function(e,t){r=S("<script>").attr(n.scriptAttrs||{}).prop({charset:n.scriptCharset,src:n.url}).on("load error",i=function(e){r.remove(),i=null,e&&t("error"===e.type?404:200,e.type)}),E.head.appendChild(r[0])},abort:function(){i&&i()}}});var Ut,Xt=[],Vt=/(=)\?(?=&|$)|\?\?/;S.ajaxSetup({jsonp:"callback",jsonpCallback:function(){var e=Xt.pop()||S.expando+"_"+Ct.guid++;return this[e]=!0,e}}),S.ajaxPrefilter("json jsonp",function(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a=!1!==e.jsonp&&(Vt.test(e.url)?"url":"string"==typeof e.data&&0===(e.contentType||"").indexOf("application/x-www-form-urlencoded")&&Vt.test(e.data)&&"data");if(a||"jsonp"===e.dataTypes[0])return r=e.jsonpCallback=m(e.jsonpCallback)?e.jsonpCallback():e.jsonpCallback,a?e[a]=e[a].replace(Vt,"$1"+r):!1!==e.jsonp&&(e.url+=(Et.test(e.url)?"&":"?")+e.jsonp+"="+r),e.converters["script json"]=function(){return o||S.error(r+" was not called"),o[0]},e.dataTypes[0]="json",i=C[r],C[r]=function(){o=arguments},n.always(function(){void 0===i?S(C).removeProp(r):C[r]=i,e[r]&&(e.jsonpCallback=t.jsonpCallback,Xt.push(r)),o&&m(i)&&i(o[0]),o=i=void 0}),"script"}),y.createHTMLDocument=((Ut=E.implementation.createHTMLDocument("").body).innerHTML="<form></form><form></form>",2===Ut.childNodes.length),S.parseHTML=function(e,t,n){return"string"!=typeof e?[]:("boolean"==typeof t&&(n=t,t=!1),t||(y.createHTMLDocument?((r=(t=E.implementation.createHTMLDocument("")).createElement("base")).href=E.location.href,t.head.appendChild(r)):t=E),o=!n&&[],(i=N.exec(e))?[t.createElement(i[1])]:(i=xe([e],t,o),o&&o.length&&S(o).remove(),S.merge([],i.childNodes)));var r,i,o},S.fn.load=function(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a=this,s=e.indexOf(" ");return-1<s&&(r=vt(e.slice(s)),e=e.slice(0,s)),m(t)?(n=t,t=void 0):t&&"object"==typeof t&&(i="POST"),0<a.length&&S.ajax({url:e,type:i||"GET",dataType:"html",data:t}).done(function(e){o=arguments,a.html(r?S("<div>").append(S.parseHTML(e)).find(r):e)}).always(n&&function(e,t){a.each(function(){n.apply(this,o||[e.responseText,t,e])})}),this},S.expr.pseudos.animated=function(t){return S.grep(S.timers,function(e){return t===e.elem}).length},S.offset={setOffset:function(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a,s,u,l=S.css(e,"position"),c=S(e),f={};"static"===l&&(e.style.position="relative"),s=c.offset(),o=S.css(e,"top"),u=S.css(e,"left"),("absolute"===l||"fixed"===l)&&-1<(o+u).indexOf("auto")?(a=(r=c.position()).top,i=r.left):(a=parseFloat(o)||0,i=parseFloat(u)||0),m(t)&&(t=t.call(e,n,S.extend({},s))),null!=t.top&&(f.top=t.top-s.top+a),null!=t.left&&(f.left=t.left-s.left+i),"using"in t?t.using.call(e,f):("number"==typeof f.top&&(f.top+="px"),"number"==typeof f.left&&(f.left+="px"),c.css(f))}},S.fn.extend({offset:function(t){if(arguments.length)return void 0===t?this:this.each(function(e){S.offset.setOffset(this,t,e)});var e,n,r=this[0];return r?r.getClientRects().length?(e=r.getBoundingClientRect(),n=r.ownerDocument.defaultView,{top:e.top+n.pageYOffset,left:e.left+n.pageXOffset}):{top:0,left:0}:void 0},position:function(){if(this[0]){var e,t,n,r=this[0],i={top:0,left:0};if("fixed"===S.css(r,"position"))t=r.getBoundingClientRect();else{t=this.offset(),n=r.ownerDocument,e=r.offsetParent||n.documentElement;while(e&&(e===n.body||e===n.documentElement)&&"static"===S.css(e,"position"))e=e.parentNode;e&&e!==r&&1===e.nodeType&&((i=S(e).offset()).top+=S.css(e,"borderTopWidth",!0),i.left+=S.css(e,"borderLeftWidth",!0))}return{top:t.top-i.top-S.css(r,"marginTop",!0),left:t.left-i.left-S.css(r,"marginLeft",!0)}}},offsetParent:function(){return this.map(function(){var e=this.offsetParent;while(e&&"static"===S.css(e,"position"))e=e.offsetParent;return e||re})}}),S.each({scrollLeft:"pageXOffset",scrollTop:"pageYOffset"},function(t,i){var o="pageYOffset"===i;S.fn[t]=function(e){return $(this,function(e,t,n){var r;if(x(e)?r=e:9===e.nodeType&&(r=e.defaultView),void 0===n)return r?r[i]:e[t];r?r.scrollTo(o?r.pageXOffset:n,o?n:r.pageYOffset):e[t]=n},t,e,arguments.length)}}),S.each(["top","left"],function(e,n){S.cssHooks[n]=$e(y.pixelPosition,function(e,t){if(t)return t=Be(e,n),Me.test(t)?S(e).position()[n]+"px":t})}),S.each({Height:"height",Width:"width"},function(a,s){S.each({padding:"inner"+a,content:s,"":"outer"+a},function(r,o){S.fn[o]=function(e,t){var n=arguments.length&&(r||"boolean"!=typeof e),i=r||(!0===e||!0===t?"margin":"border");return $(this,function(e,t,n){var r;return x(e)?0===o.indexOf("outer")?e["inner"+a]:e.document.documentElement["client"+a]:9===e.nodeType?(r=e.documentElement,Math.max(e.body["scroll"+a],r["scroll"+a],e.body["offset"+a],r["offset"+a],r["client"+a])):void 0===n?S.css(e,t,i):S.style(e,t,n,i)},s,n?e:void 0,n)}})}),S.each(["ajaxStart","ajaxStop","ajaxComplete","ajaxError","ajaxSuccess","ajaxSend"],function(e,t){S.fn[t]=function(e){return this.on(t,e)}}),S.fn.extend({bind:function(e,t,n){return this.on(e,null,t,n)},unbind:function(e,t){return this.off(e,null,t)},delegate:function(e,t,n,r){return this.on(t,e,n,r)},undelegate:function(e,t,n){return 1===arguments.length?this.off(e,"**"):this.off(t,e||"**",n)},hover:function(e,t){return this.mouseenter(e).mouseleave(t||e)}}),S.each("blur focus focusin focusout resize scroll click dblclick mousedown mouseup mousemove mouseover mouseout mouseenter mouseleave change select submit keydown keypress keyup contextmenu".split(" "),function(e,n){S.fn[n]=function(e,t){return 0<arguments.length?this.on(n,null,e,t):this.trigger(n)}});var Gt=/^[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+|[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+$/g;S.proxy=function(e,t){var n,r,i;if("string"==typeof t&&(n=e[t],t=e,e=n),m(e))return r=s.call(arguments,2),(i=function(){return e.apply(t||this,r.concat(s.call(arguments)))}).guid=e.guid=e.guid||S.guid++,i},S.holdReady=function(e){e?S.readyWait++:S.ready(!0)},S.isArray=Array.isArray,S.parseJSON=JSON.parse,S.nodeName=A,S.isFunction=m,S.isWindow=x,S.camelCase=X,S.type=w,S.now=Date.now,S.isNumeric=function(e){var t=S.type(e);return("number"===t||"string"===t)&&!isNaN(e-parseFloat(e))},S.trim=function(e){return null==e?"":(e+"").replace(Gt,"")},"function"==typeof define&&define.amd&&define("jquery",[],function(){return S});var Yt=C.jQuery,Qt=C.$;return S.noConflict=function(e){return C.$===S&&(C.$=Qt),e&&C.jQuery===S&&(C.jQuery=Yt),S},"undefined"==typeof e&&(C.jQuery=C.$=S),S});</script> <script defer> $(function() { let timer = new Date(); let percent = 0; //Detect page scroll sendEvent(); document.onscroll = function(){ runEvent(); }; function runEvent(){ let percentTmp = pageCalculation(); let eventCondition = handleValidation(percentTmp); if(eventCondition) sendEvent(); } function pageCalculation(){ let top = window.pageYOffset || document.documentElement.scrollTop; let browserViewPort = window.innerHeight; let documentHeight = document.body.offsetHeight; return Math.ceil((100 * (top + browserViewPort)) / documentHeight); } function handleValidation(percentTmp){ if( percentTmp % 25 === 0 && percentTmp !== percent) { percent = percentTmp; return true; } return false; } function sendEvent() { console.log("Event Fired!"); console.log("percent: "+ percent); // gtag('event','pagescroll-'+ percent, { // eventCategory: "Opinion", // eventLabel: "https://kuwaittimes.com/article/21660/opinion/others/the-real-politics" // }); } function calculateTime(){ const now = new Date(); const timeDiff = Math.abs(now - timer); timer = new Date(); return timeDiff + ' ms'; } }); </script> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin> <link rel="preload" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=IBM+Plex+Sans:wght@400;500;700&display=block" as="style" onload="this.onload=null;this.rel='stylesheet'" /> <noscript><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=IBM+Plex+Sans:wght@400;500;700&display=block" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/></noscript> <link rel="preload" href="/theme_kuwaittimes/fonts/AddingtonCF-Regular.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"> <style> a:not([href]):not([tabindex])/*! * Bootstrap v4.3.1 (https://getbootstrap.com/) * Copyright 2011-2019 The Bootstrap Authors * Copyright 2011-2019 Twitter, Inc. * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE) */:root{--blue:#007bff;--indigo:#6610f2;--purple:#6f42c1;--pink:#e83e8c;--red:#dc3545;--orange:#fd7e14;--yellow:#ffc107;--green:#28a745;--teal:#20c997;--cyan:#17a2b8;--white:#fff;--gray:#6c757d;--gray-dark:#343a40;--primary:#007bff;--secondary:#6c757d;--success:#28a745;--info:#17a2b8;--warning:#ffc107;--danger:#dc3545;--light:#f8f9fa;--dark:#343a40;--breakpoint-xs:0;--breakpoint-sm:576px;--breakpoint-md:768px;--breakpoint-lg:992px;--breakpoint-xl:1200px;--font-family-sans-serif:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Roboto,"Helvetica Neue",Arial,"Noto Sans",sans-serif,"Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji","Segoe UI Symbol","Noto Color Emoji";--font-family-monospace:SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,"Liberation Mono","Courier New",monospace}*,*::before,*::after{box-sizing:border-box}article,aside,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,main,nav,section{display:block}body{margin:0}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.5rem}p{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:1rem}ol,ul,dl{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:1rem}ol ol,ul ul,ol ul,ul ol{margin-bottom:0}blockquote{margin:0 0 1rem}b,strong{font-weight:bolder}a{color:#007bff;text-decoration:none;background-color:transparent}a:hover{color:#0056b3;text-decoration:underline}figure{margin:0 0 1rem}img{vertical-align:middle;border-style:none}svg{overflow:hidden;vertical-align:middle}caption{padding-top:.75rem;padding-bottom:.75rem;color:#6c757d;text-align:left;caption-side:bottom}th{text-align:inherit}label{display:inline-block;margin-bottom:.5rem}button{border-radius:0}button:focus{outline:1px dotted;outline:5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color}input,button,select,optgroup,textarea{margin:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}button,input{overflow:visible}button,select{text-transform:none}select{word-wrap:normal}button,[type="button"],[type="reset"],[type="submit"]{-webkit-appearance:button}button:not(:disabled),[type="button"]:not(:disabled),[type="reset"]:not(:disabled),[type="submit"]:not(:disabled){cursor:pointer}button::-moz-focus-inner,[type="button"]::-moz-focus-inner,[type="reset"]::-moz-focus-inner,[type="submit"]::-moz-focus-inner{padding:0;border-style:none}input[type="radio"],input[type="checkbox"]{box-sizing:border-box;padding:0}input[type="date"],input[type="time"],input[type="datetime-local"],input[type="month"]{-webkit-appearance:listbox}textarea{overflow:auto;resize:vertical}fieldset{min-width:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0}[hidden]{display:none!important}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,.h1,.h2,.h3,.h4,.h5,.h6{margin-bottom:.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:1.2}h1,.h1{font-size:2.5rem}h2,.h2{font-size:2rem}h3,.h3{font-size:1.75rem}h4,.h4{font-size:1.5rem}h5,.h5{font-size:1.25rem}h6,.h6{font-size:1rem}.blockquote{margin-bottom:1rem;font-size:1.25rem}.figure{display:inline-block}.figure-img{margin-bottom:.5rem;line-height:1}.figure-caption{font-size:90%;color:#6c757d}.container{width:100%;padding-right:15px;padding-left:15px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto}@media(min-width:576px){.container{max-width:540px}}@media(min-width:768px){.container{max-width:720px}}@media(min-width:992px){.container{max-width:960px}}@media(min-width:1200px){.container{max-width:1230px}}.container-fluid{width:100%;padding-right:15px;padding-left:15px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto}.row{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-right:-15px;margin-left:-15px}.col-1,.col-2,.col-3,.col-4,.col-5,.col-6,.col-7,.col-8,.col-9,.col-10,.col-11,.col-12,.col,.col-auto,.col-sm-1,.col-sm-2,.col-sm-3,.col-sm-4,.col-sm-5,.col-sm-6,.col-sm-7,.col-sm-8,.col-sm-9,.col-sm-10,.col-sm-11,.col-sm-12,.col-sm,.col-sm-auto,.col-md-1,.col-md-2,.col-md-3,.col-md-4,.col-md-5,.col-md-6,.col-md-7,.col-md-8,.col-md-9,.col-md-10,.col-md-11,.col-md-12,.col-md,.col-md-auto,.col-lg-1,.col-lg-2,.col-lg-3,.col-lg-4,.col-lg-5,.col-lg-6,.col-lg-7,.col-lg-8,.col-lg-9,.col-lg-10,.col-lg-11,.col-lg-12,.col-lg,.col-lg-auto,.col-xl-1,.col-xl-2,.col-xl-3,.col-xl-4,.col-xl-5,.col-xl-6,.col-xl-7,.col-xl-8,.col-xl-9,.col-xl-10,.col-xl-11,.col-xl-12,.col-xl,.col-xl-auto{position:relative;width:100%;padding-right:15px;padding-left:15px}.col{-ms-flex-preferred-size:0;flex-basis:0;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;max-width:100%}.col-auto{-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;width:auto;max-width:100%}.col-1{-ms-flex:0 0 8.333333%;flex:0 0 8.333333%;max-width:8.333333%}.col-2{-ms-flex:0 0 16.666667%;flex:0 0 16.666667%;max-width:16.666667%}.col-3{-ms-flex:0 0 25%;flex:0 0 25%;max-width:25%}.col-4{-ms-flex:0 0 33.333333%;flex:0 0 33.333333%;max-width:33.333333%}.col-5{-ms-flex:0 0 41.666667%;flex:0 0 41.666667%;max-width:41.666667%}.col-6{-ms-flex:0 0 50%;flex:0 0 50%;max-width:50%}.col-7{-ms-flex:0 0 58.333333%;flex:0 0 58.333333%;max-width:58.333333%}.col-8{-ms-flex:0 0 66.666667%;flex:0 0 66.666667%;max-width:66.666667%}.col-9{-ms-flex:0 0 75%;flex:0 0 75%;max-width:75%}.col-10{-ms-flex:0 0 83.333333%;flex:0 0 83.333333%;max-width:83.333333%}.col-11{-ms-flex:0 0 91.666667%;flex:0 0 91.666667%;max-width:91.666667%}.col-12{-ms-flex:0 0 100%;flex:0 0 100%;max-width:100%}.order-first{-ms-flex-order:-1;order:-1}.order-last{-ms-flex-order:13;order:13}.order-0{-ms-flex-order:0;order:0}.order-1{-ms-flex-order:1;order:1}.order-2{-ms-flex-order:2;order:2}.order-3{-ms-flex-order:3;order:3}.order-4{-ms-flex-order:4;order:4}.order-5{-ms-flex-order:5;order:5}.order-6{-ms-flex-order:6;order:6}.order-7{-ms-flex-order:7;order:7}.order-8{-ms-flex-order:8;order:8}.order-9{-ms-flex-order:9;order:9}.order-10{-ms-flex-order:10;order:10}.order-11{-ms-flex-order:11;order:11}.order-12{-ms-flex-order:12;order:12}.offset-1{margin-left:8.333333%}.offset-2{margin-left:16.666667%}.offset-3{margin-left:25%}.offset-4{margin-left:33.333333%}.offset-5{margin-left:41.666667%}.offset-6{margin-left:50%}.offset-7{margin-left:58.333333%}.offset-8{margin-left:66.666667%}.offset-9{margin-left:75%}.offset-10{margin-left:83.333333%}.offset-11{margin-left:91.666667%}@media(min-width:576px){.col-sm{-ms-flex-preferred-size:0;flex-basis:0;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;max-width:100%}.col-sm-auto{-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;width:auto;max-width:100%}.col-sm-1{-ms-flex:0 0 8.333333%;flex:0 0 8.333333%;max-width:8.333333%}.col-sm-2{-ms-flex:0 0 16.666667%;flex:0 0 16.666667%;max-width:16.666667%}.col-sm-3{-ms-flex:0 0 25%;flex:0 0 25%;max-width:25%}.col-sm-4{-ms-flex:0 0 33.333333%;flex:0 0 33.333333%;max-width:33.333333%}.col-sm-5{-ms-flex:0 0 41.666667%;flex:0 0 41.666667%;max-width:41.666667%}.col-sm-6{-ms-flex:0 0 50%;flex:0 0 50%;max-width:50%}.col-sm-7{-ms-flex:0 0 58.333333%;flex:0 0 58.333333%;max-width:58.333333%}.col-sm-8{-ms-flex:0 0 66.666667%;flex:0 0 66.666667%;max-width:66.666667%}.col-sm-9{-ms-flex:0 0 75%;flex:0 0 75%;max-width:75%}.col-sm-10{-ms-flex:0 0 83.333333%;flex:0 0 83.333333%;max-width:83.333333%}.col-sm-11{-ms-flex:0 0 91.666667%;flex:0 0 91.666667%;max-width:91.666667%}.col-sm-12{-ms-flex:0 0 100%;flex:0 0 100%;max-width:100%}.order-sm-first{-ms-flex-order:-1;order:-1}.order-sm-last{-ms-flex-order:13;order:13}.order-sm-0{-ms-flex-order:0;order:0}.order-sm-1{-ms-flex-order:1;order:1}.order-sm-2{-ms-flex-order:2;order:2}.order-sm-3{-ms-flex-order:3;order:3}.order-sm-4{-ms-flex-order:4;order:4}.order-sm-5{-ms-flex-order:5;order:5}.order-sm-6{-ms-flex-order:6;order:6}.order-sm-7{-ms-flex-order:7;order:7}.order-sm-8{-ms-flex-order:8;order:8}.order-sm-9{-ms-flex-order:9;order:9}.order-sm-10{-ms-flex-order:10;order:10}.order-sm-11{-ms-flex-order:11;order:11}.order-sm-12{-ms-flex-order:12;order:12}.offset-sm-0{margin-left:0}.offset-sm-1{margin-left:8.333333%}.offset-sm-2{margin-left:16.666667%}.offset-sm-3{margin-left:25%}.offset-sm-4{margin-left:33.333333%}.offset-sm-5{margin-left:41.666667%}.offset-sm-6{margin-left:50%}.offset-sm-7{margin-left:58.333333%}.offset-sm-8{margin-left:66.666667%}.offset-sm-9{margin-left:75%}.offset-sm-10{margin-left:83.333333%}.offset-sm-11{margin-left:91.666667%}}@media(min-width:768px){.col-md{-ms-flex-preferred-size:0;flex-basis:0;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;max-width:100%}.col-md-auto{-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;width:auto;max-width:100%}.col-md-1{-ms-flex:0 0 8.333333%;flex:0 0 8.333333%;max-width:8.333333%}.col-md-2{-ms-flex:0 0 16.666667%;flex:0 0 16.666667%;max-width:16.666667%}.col-md-3{-ms-flex:0 0 25%;flex:0 0 25%;max-width:25%}.col-md-4{-ms-flex:0 0 33.333333%;flex:0 0 33.333333%;max-width:33.333333%}.col-md-5{-ms-flex:0 0 41.666667%;flex:0 0 41.666667%;max-width:41.666667%}.col-md-6{-ms-flex:0 0 50%;flex:0 0 50%;max-width:50%}.col-md-7{-ms-flex:0 0 58.333333%;flex:0 0 58.333333%;max-width:58.333333%}.col-md-8{-ms-flex:0 0 66.666667%;flex:0 0 66.666667%;max-width:66.666667%}.col-md-9{-ms-flex:0 0 75%;flex:0 0 75%;max-width:75%}.col-md-10{-ms-flex:0 0 83.333333%;flex:0 0 83.333333%;max-width:83.333333%}.col-md-11{-ms-flex:0 0 91.666667%;flex:0 0 91.666667%;max-width:91.666667%}.col-md-12{-ms-flex:0 0 100%;flex:0 0 100%;max-width:100%}.order-md-first{-ms-flex-order:-1;order:-1}.order-md-last{-ms-flex-order:13;order:13}.order-md-0{-ms-flex-order:0;order:0}.order-md-1{-ms-flex-order:1;order:1}.order-md-2{-ms-flex-order:2;order:2}.order-md-3{-ms-flex-order:3;order:3}.order-md-4{-ms-flex-order:4;order:4}.order-md-5{-ms-flex-order:5;order:5}.order-md-6{-ms-flex-order:6;order:6}.order-md-7{-ms-flex-order:7;order:7}.order-md-8{-ms-flex-order:8;order:8}.order-md-9{-ms-flex-order:9;order:9}.order-md-10{-ms-flex-order:10;order:10}.order-md-11{-ms-flex-order:11;order:11}.order-md-12{-ms-flex-order:12;order:12}.offset-md-0{margin-left:0}.offset-md-1{margin-left:8.333333%}.offset-md-2{margin-left:16.666667%}.offset-md-3{margin-left:25%}.offset-md-4{margin-left:33.333333%}.offset-md-5{margin-left:41.666667%}.offset-md-6{margin-left:50%}.offset-md-7{margin-left:58.333333%}.offset-md-8{margin-left:66.666667%}.offset-md-9{margin-left:75%}.offset-md-10{margin-left:83.333333%}.offset-md-11{margin-left:91.666667%}}@media(min-width:992px){.col-lg{-ms-flex-preferred-size:0;flex-basis:0;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;max-width:100%}.col-lg-auto{-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;width:auto;max-width:100%}.col-lg-1{-ms-flex:0 0 8.333333%;flex:0 0 8.333333%;max-width:8.333333%}.col-lg-2{-ms-flex:0 0 16.666667%;flex:0 0 16.666667%;max-width:16.666667%}.col-lg-3{-ms-flex:0 0 25%;flex:0 0 25%;max-width:25%}.col-lg-4{-ms-flex:0 0 33.333333%;flex:0 0 33.333333%;max-width:33.333333%}.col-lg-5{-ms-flex:0 0 41.666667%;flex:0 0 41.666667%;max-width:41.666667%}.col-lg-6{-ms-flex:0 0 50%;flex:0 0 50%;max-width:50%}.col-lg-7{-ms-flex:0 0 58.333333%;flex:0 0 58.333333%;max-width:58.333333%}.col-lg-8{-ms-flex:0 0 66.666667%;flex:0 0 66.666667%;max-width:66.666667%}.col-lg-9{-ms-flex:0 0 75%;flex:0 0 75%;max-width:75%}.col-lg-10{-ms-flex:0 0 83.333333%;flex:0 0 83.333333%;max-width:83.333333%}.col-lg-11{-ms-flex:0 0 91.666667%;flex:0 0 91.666667%;max-width:91.666667%}.col-lg-12{-ms-flex:0 0 100%;flex:0 0 100%;max-width:100%}.order-lg-first{-ms-flex-order:-1;order:-1}.order-lg-last{-ms-flex-order:13;order:13}.order-lg-0{-ms-flex-order:0;order:0}.order-lg-1{-ms-flex-order:1;order:1}.order-lg-2{-ms-flex-order:2;order:2}.order-lg-3{-ms-flex-order:3;order:3}.order-lg-4{-ms-flex-order:4;order:4}.order-lg-5{-ms-flex-order:5;order:5}.order-lg-6{-ms-flex-order:6;order:6}.order-lg-7{-ms-flex-order:7;order:7}.order-lg-8{-ms-flex-order:8;order:8}.order-lg-9{-ms-flex-order:9;order:9}.order-lg-10{-ms-flex-order:10;order:10}.order-lg-11{-ms-flex-order:11;order:11}.order-lg-12{-ms-flex-order:12;order:12}.offset-lg-0{margin-left:0}.offset-lg-1{margin-left:8.333333%}.offset-lg-2{margin-left:16.666667%}.offset-lg-3{margin-left:25%}.offset-lg-4{margin-left:33.333333%}.offset-lg-5{margin-left:41.666667%}.offset-lg-6{margin-left:50%}.offset-lg-7{margin-left:58.333333%}.offset-lg-8{margin-left:66.666667%}.offset-lg-9{margin-left:75%}.offset-lg-10{margin-left:83.333333%}.offset-lg-11{margin-left:91.666667%}}@media(min-width:1200px){.col-xl{-ms-flex-preferred-size:0;flex-basis:0;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;max-width:100%}.col-xl-auto{-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;width:auto;max-width:100%}.col-xl-1{-ms-flex:0 0 8.333333%;flex:0 0 8.333333%;max-width:8.333333%}.col-xl-2{-ms-flex:0 0 16.666667%;flex:0 0 16.666667%;max-width:16.666667%}.col-xl-3{-ms-flex:0 0 25%;flex:0 0 25%;max-width:25%}.col-xl-4{-ms-flex:0 0 33.333333%;flex:0 0 33.333333%;max-width:33.333333%}.col-xl-5{-ms-flex:0 0 41.666667%;flex:0 0 41.666667%;max-width:41.666667%}.col-xl-6{-ms-flex:0 0 50%;flex:0 0 50%;max-width:50%}.col-xl-7{-ms-flex:0 0 58.333333%;flex:0 0 58.333333%;max-width:58.333333%}.col-xl-8{-ms-flex:0 0 66.666667%;flex:0 0 66.666667%;max-width:66.666667%}.col-xl-9{-ms-flex:0 0 75%;flex:0 0 75%;max-width:75%}.col-xl-10{-ms-flex:0 0 83.333333%;flex:0 0 83.333333%;max-width:83.333333%}.col-xl-11{-ms-flex:0 0 91.666667%;flex:0 0 91.666667%;max-width:91.666667%}.col-xl-12{-ms-flex:0 0 100%;flex:0 0 100%;max-width:100%}.order-xl-first{-ms-flex-order:-1;order:-1}.order-xl-last{-ms-flex-order:13;order:13}.order-xl-0{-ms-flex-order:0;order:0}.order-xl-1{-ms-flex-order:1;order:1}.order-xl-2{-ms-flex-order:2;order:2}.order-xl-3{-ms-flex-order:3;order:3}.order-xl-4{-ms-flex-order:4;order:4}.order-xl-5{-ms-flex-order:5;order:5}.order-xl-6{-ms-flex-order:6;order:6}.order-xl-7{-ms-flex-order:7;order:7}.order-xl-8{-ms-flex-order:8;order:8}.order-xl-9{-ms-flex-order:9;order:9}.order-xl-10{-ms-flex-order:10;order:10}.order-xl-11{-ms-flex-order:11;order:11}.order-xl-12{-ms-flex-order:12;order:12}.offset-xl-0{margin-left:0}.offset-xl-1{margin-left:8.333333%}.offset-xl-2{margin-left:16.666667%}.offset-xl-3{margin-left:25%}.offset-xl-4{margin-left:33.333333%}.offset-xl-5{margin-left:41.666667%}.offset-xl-6{margin-left:50%}.offset-xl-7{margin-left:58.333333%}.offset-xl-8{margin-left:66.666667%}.offset-xl-9{margin-left:75%}.offset-xl-10{margin-left:83.333333%}.offset-xl-11{margin-left:91.666667%}}.form-control{display:block;width:100%;height:calc(1.5em+0.75rem+2px);padding:.375rem .75rem;font-size:1rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;color:#495057;background-color:#fff;background-clip:padding-box;border:1px solid #ced4da;border-radius:.25rem;transition:border-color .15s ease-in-out,box-shadow .15s ease-in-out}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.form-control{transition:none}}.form-control::-ms-expand{background-color:transparent;border:0}.form-control:focus{background-color:#fff;outline:0}.form-control::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:#6c757d;opacity:1}.form-control::-moz-placeholder{color:#6c757d;opacity:1}.form-control:-ms-input-placeholder{color:#6c757d;opacity:1}.form-control::-ms-input-placeholder{color:#6c757d;opacity:1}.form-control::placeholder{color:#6c757d;opacity:1}.form-control:disabled,.form-control[readonly]{background-color:#e9ecef;opacity:1}select.form-control:focus::-ms-value{color:#495057;background-color:#fff}.form-control-file,.form-control-range{display:block;width:100%}.col-form-label{padding-top:calc(0.375rem+1px);padding-bottom:calc(0.375rem+1px);margin-bottom:0;font-size:inherit;line-height:1.5}select.form-control[size],select.form-control[multiple]{height:auto}textarea.form-control{height:auto}.btn{display:inline-block;font-weight:400;color:#212529;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;background-color:transparent;border:1px solid transparent;padding:.375rem .75rem;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5;border-radius:.25rem;transition:color .15s ease-in-out,background-color .15s ease-in-out,border-color .15s ease-in-out,box-shadow .15s ease-in-out}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.btn{transition:none}}.btn:hover{color:#212529;text-decoration:none}.btn:focus,.btn.focus{outline:0;box-shadow:0 0 0 .2rem rgba(0,123,255,0.25)}.btn.disabled,.btn:disabled{opacity:.65}.btn-primary{color:#fff;background-color:#007bff;border-color:#007bff}.btn-primary:hover{color:#fff;background-color:#0069d9;border-color:#0062cc}.btn-primary:focus,.btn-primary.focus{box-shadow:0 0 0 .2rem rgba(38,143,255,0.5)}.fade{transition:opacity .15s linear}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.fade{transition:none}}.fade:not(.show){opacity:0}.breadcrumb{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:.75rem 1rem;margin-bottom:1rem;list-style:none;background-color:#e9ecef;border-radius:.25rem}.pagination{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;padding-left:0;list-style:none;border-radius:.25rem;justify-content:center;margin-top:10px}.page-link{position:relative;display:block;padding:.5rem .75rem;margin-left:-1px;line-height:1.25;color:#007bff;background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #dee2e6}.page-link:hover{z-index:2;color:#0056b3;text-decoration:none;background-color:#e9ecef;border-color:#dee2e6}.page-link:focus{z-index:2;outline:0;box-shadow:0 0 0 .2rem rgba(0,123,255,0.25)}.page-item:first-child .page-link{margin-left:0;border-top-left-radius:.25rem;border-bottom-left-radius:.25rem}.page-item:last-child .page-link{border-top-right-radius:.25rem;border-bottom-right-radius:.25rem}.page-item.active .page-link{z-index:1;color:#fff;background-color:#007bff;border-color:#007bff}.page-item.disabled .page-link{color:#6c757d;pointer-events:none;cursor:auto;background-color:#fff;border-color:#dee2e6}.close{float:right;font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1;color:#000;text-shadow:0 1px 0 #fff;opacity:.5}.close:hover{color:#000;text-decoration:none}.close:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):hover,.close:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):focus{opacity:.75}button.close{padding:0;background-color:transparent;border:0;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none}a.close.disabled{pointer-events:none}.align-middle{vertical-align:middle!important}.d-none{display:none!important}.visible{visibility:visible!important}.invisible{visibility:hidden!important}@media print{*,*::before,*::after{text-shadow:none!important;box-shadow:none!important}a:not(.btn){text-decoration:underline}abbr[title]::after{content:" (" attr(title) ")"}pre{white-space:pre-wrap!important}pre,blockquote{border:1px solid #adb5bd;page-break-inside:avoid}thead{display:table-header-group}tr,img{page-break-inside:avoid}p,h2,h3{orphans:3;widows:3}h2,h3{page-break-after:avoid}@page{size:a3}body{min-width:992px!important}.container{min-width:992px!important}.navbar{display:none}.badge{border:1px solid #000}.table{border-collapse:collapse!important}.table td,.table th{background-color:#fff!important}.table-bordered th,.table-bordered td{border:1px solid #dee2e6!important}.table-dark{color:inherit}.table-dark th,.table-dark td,.table-dark thead th,.table-dark tbody+tbody{border-color:#dee2e6}.table .thead-dark th{color:inherit;border-color:#dee2e6}}html,body{width:100%;overflow-x:hidden;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0;background-color:#FFFFFF;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif}@font-face{font-family:'Addington CF';src:url('/theme_kuwaittimes/fonts/AddingtonCF-Regular.eot');src:url('/theme_kuwaittimes/fonts/AddingtonCF-Regular.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),url('/theme_kuwaittimes/fonts/AddingtonCF-Regular.woff2') format('woff2'),url('/theme_kuwaittimes/fonts/AddingtonCF-Regular.woff') format('woff'),url('/theme_kuwaittimes/fonts/AddingtonCF-Regular.ttf') format('truetype');font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-display:block}@font-face{font-family:'icomoon';src:url('/theme_kuwaittimes/fonts/icomoon.eot?249plz');src:url('/theme_kuwaittimes/fonts/icomoon.eot?249plz#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),url('/theme_kuwaittimes/fonts/icomoon.ttf?249plz') format('truetype'),url('/theme_kuwaittimes/fonts/icomoon.woff?249plz') format('woff'),url('/theme_kuwaittimes/fonts/icomoon.svg?249plz#icomoon') format('svg');font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-display:block}[class^="icon-"],[class*=" icon-"]{font-family:'icomoon'!important;speak:never;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;line-height:1;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}.icon-x:before{content:"\e901"}.icon-textsms:before{content:"\e900"}.icon-sms:before{content:"\e900"}.icon-envelop:before{content:"\e945"}.icon-redo2:before{content:"\e968"}.icon-cross:before{content:"\ea0f"}.icon-facebook2:before{content:"\ea91"}.icon-instagram:before{content:"\ea92"}.icon-whatsapp:before{content:"\ea93"}.icon-telegram:before{content:"\ea95"}.icon-twitter:before{content:"\ea96"}.icon-youtube:before{content:"\ea9d"}.layout-ratio{width:100%;position:relative;padding-bottom:67%;height:0}.layout-ratio img{position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;right:0;top:0;object-fit:cover;max-width:100%;background-color:#f0f0f0}.relative{position:relative;}.player-hover-icon{left:10px;bottom:0;position:absolute;z-index:100;width:54px;height:58px;}.player-hover-icon img{width:54px;height:58px;position:relative;top:inherit;background:transparent;}.section-video-icon{position:relative;display:block;}.section-video-icon:before{content:"";z-index:100;position:absolute;left:10px;bottom:0;width:54px;height:58px;background-image:url('/theme_kuwaittimes/images/play-vector.svg');background-size:contain;}.section-video-icon-small{position:relative;display:block;}.section-video-icon-small:before{content:"";z-index:100;position:absolute;left:10px;bottom:0;width:30px;height:32px;background-image:url('/theme_kuwaittimes/images/play-vector.svg');background-size:contain;}.responsiveIframe{width:100%!important;height:100%!important;position:absolute;margin:0;}/** * Owl Carousel v2.3.4 * Copyright 2013-2018 David Deutsch * Licensed under: SEE LICENSE IN https://github.com/OwlCarousel2/OwlCarousel2/blob/master/LICENSE */ .owl-carousel,.owl-carousel .owl-item{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent;position:relative}.owl-carousel{display:none;width:100%;z-index:1}.owl-carousel .owl-stage{position:relative;-ms-touch-action:pan-Y;touch-action:manipulation;-moz-backface-visibility:hidden}.owl-carousel .owl-stage:after{content:".";display:block;clear:both;visibility:hidden;line-height:0;height:0}.owl-carousel .owl-stage-outer{position:relative;overflow:hidden;-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,0,0)}.owl-carousel .owl-item,.owl-carousel .owl-wrapper{-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;-moz-backface-visibility:hidden;-ms-backface-visibility:hidden;-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,0,0);-moz-transform:translate3d(0,0,0);-ms-transform:translate3d(0,0,0)}.owl-carousel .owl-item{min-height:1px;float:left;-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;-webkit-touch-callout:none}.owl-carousel .owl-item img{display:block;width:100%}.owl-carousel .owl-dots.disabled,.owl-carousel .owl-nav.disabled{display:none}.no-js .owl-carousel,.owl-carousel.owl-loaded{display:block}.owl-carousel .owl-dot,.owl-carousel .owl-nav .owl-next,.owl-carousel .owl-nav .owl-prev{cursor:pointer;-webkit-user-select:none;-khtml-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none}.owl-carousel .owl-nav button.owl-next,.owl-carousel .owl-nav button.owl-prev,.owl-carousel button.owl-dot{background:0 0;color:inherit;border:none;padding:0!important;font:inherit}.owl-carousel.owl-loading{opacity:0;display:block}.owl-carousel.owl-hidden{opacity:0}.owl-carousel.owl-refresh .owl-item{visibility:hidden}.owl-carousel.owl-drag .owl-item{-ms-touch-action:pan-y;touch-action:pan-y;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none}.owl-carousel.owl-grab{cursor:move;cursor:grab}.owl-carousel.owl-rtl{direction:rtl}.owl-carousel.owl-rtl .owl-item{float:right}.owl-carousel .animated{animation-duration:1s;animation-fill-mode:both}.owl-carousel .owl-animated-in{z-index:0}.owl-carousel .owl-animated-out{z-index:1}.owl-carousel .fadeOut{animation-name:fadeOut}@keyframes fadeOut{0%{opacity:1}100%{opacity:0}}.owl-height{transition:height .5s ease-in-out}.owl-carousel .owl-item .owl-lazy{opacity:0;transition:opacity .4s ease}.owl-carousel .owl-item .owl-lazy:not([src]),.owl-carousel .owl-item .owl-lazy[src^=""]{max-height:0}.owl-carousel .owl-item img.owl-lazy{transform-style:preserve-3d}.owl-carousel .owl-video-wrapper{position:relative;height:100%;background:#000}.owl-carousel .owl-video-play-icon{position:absolute;height:80px;width:80px;left:50%;top:50%;margin-left:-40px;margin-top:-40px;background:url(owl.video.play.png) no-repeat;cursor:pointer;z-index:1;-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;transition:transform .1s ease}.owl-carousel .owl-video-play-icon:hover{-ms-transform:scale(1.3,1.3);transform:scale(1.3,1.3)}.owl-carousel .owl-video-playing .owl-video-play-icon,.owl-carousel .owl-video-playing .owl-video-tn{display:none}.owl-carousel .owl-video-tn{opacity:0;height:100%;background-position:center center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;transition:opacity .4s ease}.owl-carousel .owl-video-frame{position:relative;z-index:1;height:100%;width:100%}/** * Owl Carousel v2.3.4 * Copyright 2013-2018 David Deutsch * Licensed under: SEE LICENSE IN https://github.com/OwlCarousel2/OwlCarousel2/blob/master/LICENSE */ .owl-theme .owl-dots,.owl-theme .owl-nav{text-align:center;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}.owl-theme .owl-nav .disabled{opacity:.5;cursor:default}.owl-theme .owl-nav.disabled+.owl-dots{margin-top:10px}.owl-theme .owl-dots .owl-dot{display:inline-block;zoom:1}.owl-theme .owl-dots .owl-dot span{width:10px;height:10px;margin:5px 7px;background:#D6D6D6;display:block;-webkit-backface-visibility:visible;transition:opacity .2s ease;border-radius:30px}.owl-theme .owl-dots .owl-dot.active span,.owl-theme .owl-dots .owl-dot:hover span{background:#869791}</style> </head> <body dir="ltr" class="ltr article-page "> <div id="fb-root"></div> <input type="hidden" id="APP_URL" value="https://kuwaittimes.com/" /> <input id="section_id" type="hidden" value="" /> <input id="BASE_URL" type="hidden" value="https://kuwaittimes.com/" /> <!-- header_section.blade.php --> <header> <div class="container"> <div class="header-top"> <div class="logo"> <a href="/" title="kuwaittimes.com"> <img src="/theme_kuwaittimes/images/kt-logo.svg" alt="logo" class="test-logo" width="286" height="42"> </a> <img class="burger" src="/theme_kuwaittimes/images/burger-logo.svg" alt="" width="35"> </div> <div class="top-menu"> <div class="menu-header"> <div class="main_nav_cover-header"> <ul id="main-menu-header"> <li id="item-6" data-id="6" class="first_li"> <a class="withoutMargin" href="/home" title="Home"> <h2>Home</h2></a> </li> <li id="item-1" data-id="1" class="first_li"> <a class="withoutMargin" href="/kuwait" title="Kuwait"> <h2>Kuwait</h2></a> </li> <li id="item-2" data-id="2" class="first_li"> <a class="" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/world/"><h2>World</h2> </a> <div class="arrowDownMenu"><i class='bx bxs-chevron-right arrow more-arrow arrow' style="cursor: pointer"></i></div> <ul class="dropdown accordion-body"> <li> <a class="sub_menu_a" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/world/middle-east"> Middle East </a> <li> <a class="sub_menu_a" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/world/subcontinent"> Subcontinent </a> <li> <a class="sub_menu_a" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/world/asia"> Asia </a> <li> <a class="sub_menu_a" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/world/africa"> Africa </a> <li> <a class="sub_menu_a" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/world/america"> America </a> <li> <a class="sub_menu_a" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/world/europe"> Europe </a> </ul> </li> <li id="item-3" data-id="3" class="first_li"> <a class="" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/opinion/"><h2>Opinion</h2> </a> <div class="arrowDownMenu"><i class='bx bxs-chevron-right arrow more-arrow arrow' style="cursor: pointer"></i></div> <ul class="dropdown accordion-body"> <li> <a class="sub_menu_a" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/opinion/conspiracy-theory"> Conspiracy Theory </a> <li> <a class="sub_menu_a" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/opinion/editors-desk"> Editor&#039;s Desk </a> <li> <a class="sub_menu_a" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/opinion/others"> Others </a> </ul> </li> <li id="item-4" data-id="4" class="first_li"> <a class="withoutMargin" href="/business" title="Business"> <h2>Business</h2></a> </li> <li id="item-5" data-id="5" class="first_li"> <a class="" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/sports/"><h2>Sports</h2> </a> <div class="arrowDownMenu"><i class='bx bxs-chevron-right arrow more-arrow arrow' style="cursor: pointer"></i></div> <ul class="dropdown accordion-body"> <li> <a class="sub_menu_a" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/sports/football"> Football </a> <li> <a class="sub_menu_a" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/sports/cricket"> Cricket </a> <li> <a class="sub_menu_a" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/sports/shooting"> Shooting </a> <li> <a class="sub_menu_a" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/sports/tennis"> Tennis </a> <li> <a class="sub_menu_a" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/sports/other-sports"> Other Sports </a> </ul> </li> <li id="item-10" data-id="10" class="first_li"> <a class="" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/lifestyle/"><h2>Lifestyle</h2> </a> <div class="arrowDownMenu"><i class='bx bxs-chevron-right arrow more-arrow arrow' style="cursor: pointer"></i></div> <ul class="dropdown accordion-body"> <li> <a class="sub_menu_a" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/lifestyle/movies-and-music"> Movies &amp; Music </a> <li> <a class="sub_menu_a" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/lifestyle/art-and-fashion"> Art &amp; Fashion </a> <li> <a class="sub_menu_a" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/lifestyle/food"> Food </a> </ul> </li> <li id="item-44" data-id="44" class="first_li"> <a class="withoutMargin" href="/archive-pdf" title="Archive PDF"> <h2>Archive PDF</h2></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="icons-right"> <a href="/archive-pdf" title="pdf"><span class="e-paper-right"><img src="/theme_kuwaittimes/images/desk.svg" loading="lazy" alt="desk" width="16.3" height="18"></span></a> <span class="search-open"><img src="/theme_kuwaittimes/images/search.svg" loading="lazy" alt="search" width="17" height="18"></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="search-container"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <form class="holder-search" method="GET" action="/search/" id="headerSearchForm"> <input class="form-field" type="text" placeholder="Search" name="query" autocomplete="off" id="query"> <button class="btn-submit" type="submit"><span class="search" id="toggleSearch"><img src="/theme_kuwaittimes/images/search.png" alt="Search"/></span></button> </form> <div class="close-form"><img src="/theme_kuwaittimes/images/close.svg" alt="close" width="15" height="15"/> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="container"> <div class="banner-ad-top"> <a href="https://ridesafe.app/App/Applink" target="_blank" class="triggerClick" data-ad_id="17" title="Banner-Ad"> <img src="https://kuwaittimes.com/uploads/ads/101342-Option 2.jpg" width="728" alt="Banner-Ad"/> </a> </div> </div> <style> .banner-ad-top{display:table;margin:auto;max-width:728px} .banner-ad-top img{margin:10px 0;max-width:100%;width:100%} .header-top{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;border-bottom:1px solid #D9D9D9;margin:20px 0 0 0;padding-bottom:10px;align-items:center} #main-menu{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center} #main-menu li.menuItem a{font-family:'Assistant';font-weight:600;font-size:13px;line-height:17px;text-align:left;letter-spacing:.05em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#000;text-decoration:none} #main-menu li.menuItem{padding:7px 0;margin-right:4px;border-bottom:3px solid #fff} #main-menu-header{display:flex;justify-content:center;padding-left:unset} h2{line-height: 10px;font-size: 14px;} @media (min-width:1200px) { .main_nav_cover-header{width:100%} .header-top #main-menu-header{padding:0 50px} } .main_nav_cover-header>ul>li{list-style:none;font-size:28px;padding:0 7px;position:relative;border-bottom:solid 5px #fff} .main_nav_cover-header .dropdown li{color:#000;padding:5px;font-size:6px} .main_nav_cover-header ul li a{font-size:14px;cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;color:inherit;text-align:left;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans';font-weight:500;margin-right:20px;vertical-align:middle} .main_nav_cover-header ul li a.withoutMargin{margin-right:0} .main_nav_cover-header .dropdown{padding:0;height:0;overflow:hidden;transition:height ease 0.2s;position:absolute;background-color:#fff;z-index:1000} .main_nav_cover-header .dropdown li a{padding:0} .main_nav_cover-header li>.dropdown{height:0;position:absolute;left:0;min-width:150px} .main_nav_cover-header li>.dropdown.fit-content{height:fit-content;-webkit-transition:height .2s;transition:height .2s;position:absolute;word-break:break-word;z-index:1001;top:42px} .main_nav_cover-header .arrowDownMenu{position:absolute;top:-5px;right:5px;width:25px;height:100%;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;z-index:1000} .main_nav_cover-header .arrow{width:10px;height:10px;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;border-left:2px solid currentColor;border-bottom:2px solid currentColor;transform:rotate(-45deg);transition:transform 100ms ease-in-out} .main_nav_cover-header li:focus-within>.arrow{transform:rotate(-225deg);margin-top:4px} .icons-right img{margin:8px} @media (max-width:992px) { .main_nav_cover-header ul li{position:relative;font-size:14px;align-items:center;padding-right:25px} .main_nav_cover-header .dropdown{position:absolute;right:0;left:auto;box-shadow:0 10px 15px -3px rgba(46,41,51,.08),0 4px 6px -2px rgba(71,63,79,.16);z-index:99;min-width:10rem;padding:0;background-color:#fff;border-radius:0 0 .5rem .5rem} .header-top{flex-direction:column} } a{text-decoration:none!important} .header-top #main-menu-header{display:flex;margin:0} .header-top .logo .burger{display:none} @media (min-width:990px) { .header-top .top-menu{width:calc(100% - 286px)} .header-top .top-menu .menu-header{width:calc(100% - 70px)} .header-top .top-menu .icons-right{width:70px} .header-top #main-menu-header{width:100%;justify-content:space-between} } @media (min-width:768px) { .e-paper-left{display:none}.header-top .logo{width:286px} } @media (max-width:990px) and (min-width:768px) { .main_nav_cover-header>ul>li{padding-right:15px} }@media (max-width:768px) { .main_nav_cover-header ul li{border-bottom:1px solid #dedede;display:flex;align-items:center;flex-flow:column} .main_nav_cover-header ul li:nth-last-child(1){border-color:transparent} .main_nav_cover-header ul li a{min-height:35px;display:flex;align-items:center} .main_nav_cover-header li>.dropdown.fit-content{position:relative;width:100%;top:unset;padding:0;margin:0 0 10px;box-shadow:unset;padding-left:20px} .main_nav_cover-header .arrowDownMenu{top:0;right:0;width:40px;height:40px} .menu-header{width:100%}.main_nav_cover-header{margin-right:0} .search-open{display:block}.e-paper-right{display:none} .header-top .logo{display:flex;width:100%;justify-content:center;position:relative} .header-top .logo img{max-width:200px;height:auto} .header-top .logo{z-index:1000} .header-top .logo .burger{position:absolute;left:0;top:0;display:block;cursor:pointer;z-index:1000} .header-top #main-menu-header{padding:0;display:none} .header-top #main-menu-header.active-menu{display:block;margin-top:10px} .header-top #main-menu-header li a{font-size:15px;width:calc(100% - 50px);margin-right:0} .header-top .top-menu{width:100%;display:flex;justify-content:flex-end} .header-top .top-menu.adjust{justify-content:flex-start;transform:translate(0,0);flex-direction:column} } @media (max-width:578px) { .search-open{margin-top:-43px;position:relative;z-index:1000}} header .search-container{background-color:#efefef;max-height:0;box-sizing:border-box;overflow:hidden;transition:max-height 0.3s,padding 0.3s} header .search-container.show{max-height:60px;transition:max-height 0.6s,padding 0.6s;padding-bottom:14px;padding-top:14px} header .search-container .col-md-12{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:flex-start} header .search-container form{margin-right:10px;width:250px;background-color:#FFF;display:flex;padding:6px 12px 4px 17px;border-radius:20px} header .search-container form i{font-size:18px;color:#000} header .search-container .form-field{border:none;width:90%;font-family:'Roboto';font-weight:400;font-size:14px;line-height:16px;letter-spacing:.01em;color:#000} header .search-container .form-field:focus{border:none;outline:none} header .search-container .form-field::placeholder,header .search-container .form-field::-webkit-input-placeholder,header .search-container .form-field:-ms-input-placeholder,header .search-container .form-field::-moz-placeholder,header .search-container .form-field:-moz-placeholder{font-family:'Roboto';font-weight:400;font-size:14px;line-height:16px;letter-spacing:.01em;color:#999} header .search-container .btn-submit,header .search-open img{transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;border:none;background-color:#FFF} header .search-container .close-form{transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;border:none;cursor:pointer} .btn-submit,header .search-open img{cursor:pointer} header .search-container .btn-submit img{width:16.5px;height:16.5px} header .search-container .close-form i{color:#999;font-size:21px;cursor:pointer} header .search-container.sticky-search{width:100%;z-index:201;top:90px} @media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1200px) and (orientation:landscape) { .main_nav_cover-header{margin-right:0}} .display{display:none} .search-container.search-show{max-height:60px;padding-top:14px;padding-bottom:14px;transition:none} .justify-content{justify-content:center!important} .full-width-search{width:100%!important} header .top-menu{display:flex;align-items:center;flex-direction:row} header{margin-bottom:5px} @media screen and (min-width:990x) { header .search-container .btn-submit:hover,header .search-container .close-form:hover,header .search-open img:hover{opacity:.6} .main_nav_cover-header .dropdown li:hover{color:#009FE5;background:#fff;-webkit-transition:color .2s;transition:color .2s} .main_nav_cover-header ul>.first_li:hover{color:#fff;background-color:#009FE5} .main_nav_cover-header .dropdown li a:hover{color:#009FE5;background-color:#fff} .main_nav_cover-header .dropdown li:hover{color:#009FE5;background:#fff;-webkit-transition:color .2s;transition:color .2s} .main_nav_cover-header ul li:hover>.arrow{transform:rotate(-225deg);margin-top:4px} } </style> <script> $(document).ready(() => { $('.burger').click(() => { $("#main-menu-header").toggle(); $('.search-open').toggleClass('display'); $('header .search-container').toggleClass('show'); $('header .search-container .close-form').toggleClass('display'); $('header .search-container .col-md-12').toggleClass('justify-content'); $('header .search-container form').toggleClass('full-width-search'); }) }); $('header .search-open').on('click', function () { $('header .search-container').addClass('show'); if ($(window).width() < 768) { $('header .sticky-menu').css('top', '60px'); } }); $('header .close-form').on('click', function () { $('header .search-container').removeClass('show'); }); $(document).ready(function () { $('.header-top .logo .burger').on('click', function () { $('.header-top #main-menu-header').toggleClass('active-menu') if ($(".header-top #main-menu-header").hasClass('active-menu')) { $('.header-top .top-menu').addClass('adjust'); } else { $('.header-top .top-menu').removeClass('adjust'); } }) }); $(function () { if ($(window).width() > 768) { $(".first_li").hover(function () { $(this).addClass('active'); var dropdown = $(this).find('ul.dropdown'); dropdown.addClass('fit-content'); dropdown.css('border-top', '2px solid #009FE5'); $('.dropdown').not(dropdown).css('border-top', '0px solid #fff') $('.dropdown').not(dropdown).removeClass('fit-content'); }, function () { var dropdown = $(this).find('ul.dropdown'); dropdown.css('border-top', '0px solid #fff'); $('.dropdown').removeClass('fit-content'); }); } if ($(window).width() < 769) { $('.arrowDownMenu').on('click', function (event) { // Prevent the click event from propagating to the hover event event.stopPropagation(); // Find the closest li element with class 'first_li' var $li = $(this).closest('li.first_li'); // Remove 'active' class from all other 'li' elements $('#main-menu-header .first_li').not($li).removeClass('active'); $li.addClass('active'); // Find the ul.dropdown within the li element var $dropdown = $li.find('ul.dropdown'); // Remove 'fit-content' class from all other dropdowns $('.dropdown').not($dropdown).removeClass('fit-content'); // Toggle the "fit-content" class on the ul.dropdown $dropdown.toggleClass('fit-content'); }); } }); </script> <main class=""> <!-- ****************************** BOOTSTRAP WIDGETS ********************************* --> <!-- with_container --> <div hidden id="page_info" data-np_page_id="25" data-is_home_page="0" data-is_article_page="1" data-page_title="opinion article "> </div> <script defer> var article_info = {"cms_article_id":21660,"np_article_id":52980,"article_name":"52965_52980","article_title":"The real politics","article_headline":"","article_subtitle":"","article_body":"<p style=&#039;text-align=left&#039;><b>During <\/b>the brutal Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in 1990, many voices in the United States, both within the public and the media, urged President George H W Bush not to engage in the war to liberate Kuwait. Hundreds of Americans even demonstrated in front of the White House to express their opposition.<\/p><p style=&#039;text-align=left&#039;>A journalist asked the then US President: \u201cWhat will you do about these crowds?\u201d President Bush\u2019s response provides a perfect example for the purpose of this column. He answered clearly: \u201cIf I listened to them, the United States would not be the strongest country in the world.\u201d<\/p><p style=&#039;text-align=left&#039;>Politics is the art of leadership. All definitions and interpretations of politics inevitably revolve around this concept. But what we often hear today from individuals who are metaphorically called politicians \u2014 and sometimes experts \u2014 are not reflections of leadership. Most of them are simply opinion-holders, and the difference between opinion-holders and decision-makers is huge.<\/p><p style=&#039;text-align=left&#039;>Opinions serve multiple purposes. Some are driven by noble intentions and grounded in scientific analysis of reality, but these are regretfully the minority. The majority are linked to personal whims or interests. During times of crisis, the number of opinion-holders who base their views on self-interest tends to grow.<\/p><p style=&#039;text-align=left&#039;>Today, we live in a noisier time than in 1990. With the omnipresence of social media platforms, anyone can now hold a microphone and broadcast their views to the world. As a result, more and more people, armed with personal opinions, wear the uniform of political commentators, offering advice \u2014 or even warnings \u2014 to the leaders of their countries.<\/p><p style=&#039;text-align=left&#039;>Understanding the difference between a politician and an opinion-holder is important because political leaders should not feel compelled to act on every opinion they hear. The few who express opinions sincerely, without hidden motives or foreign influence, often fail to differentiate between a poll and a survey. This makes it impossible for them to gauge the truth of what the people want, as most of their statements are based on personal desires or wishes, rather than objective data.<\/p><p style=&#039;text-align=left&#039;>It is therefore advised that political leaders listen to accredited, scientific research institutions that provide accurate, evidence-based information. Leaders should not be swayed by the loud voices of the public, as doing so risks losing the compass of true leadership.<\/p><p style=&#039;text-align=left&#039;>Successful politics requires leaders with the vision and courage to lead, with unique talents and abilities that cannot be swayed by fleeting opinions or media pressure. Some world leaders become confused by public opinions and media pressure, leading their countries into regression.<\/p><p style=&#039;text-align=left&#039;>The countries that succeed are those where politicians know the reality of opinions, and where they lead with the support of both their own will and the will of those with wisdom among their people. This is the essence of true politics.<\/p><p style=&#039;text-align=left&#039;>local@kuwaittimes.com<\/p>","article_custom_fields":"{\"\":[\"52965\"],\"seo_meta_keywords\":[\"kuwait times, kuwait news, Dr Khalid Al-Saleh\"],\"seo_meta_description\":[\"\"],\"seo_meta_title\":[\"\"],\"sponsored_flag\":[\"\"],\"offer_flag\":[\"\"],\"featured_article_flag\":[\"\"],\"drupal_json\":[\"{\\\"type\\\":null,\\\"properties\\\":{\\\"PUBLISHED\\\":0,\\\"PROMOTED\\\":0,\\\"STICKY\\\":0,\\\"LANGUAGE\\\":0,\\\"PUBLISH_STATUS\\\":0,\\\"BODY_SUMMARY\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"ENTITYQUEUES\\\":\\\"\\\"},\\\"fields\\\":[]}\"],\"wp_custom_json\":[\"{\\\"type\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"fields\\\":[]}\"],\"article_tags\":[\"\"],\"page_number\":\"2\",\"initial_publication\":\"Kuwait Times\",\"date_created\":null,\"date_modified\":\"2024-11-26 22:03:04\",\"last_modified_user\":\"Safeer .\",\"section_color\":\"\",\"target_page\":\"2\",\"cxense_metatags\":null}","cms_type":"live","author_id":15,"section_id":13,"seo_meta_keywords":"kuwait times, kuwait news, Dr Khalid Al-Saleh","seo_meta_description":"The real politics","seo_meta_title":"The real politics","publish_time":"2024-11-26 21:58:00","related_articles_ids":"","article_tags":"","sub_section_id":13,"visit_count":0,"sponsored_flag":0,"offer_flag":0,"featured_article_flag":0,"media_gallery_flag":0,"video_gallery_flag":0,"highlight_flag":0,"top_story_flag":0,"is_updated":0,"is_old_article":0,"old_article_id":0,"article_byline":"Dr Khalid Al-Saleh","ts":"2024-11-26 22:03:11","last_edited":"2024-11-26 22:03:04","alt_publish_time":"2024-11-26 20:03:10","image_path":"{\\\"image_path\\\":\\\"kuwaittimes\\\\\/uploads\\\\\/images\\\\\/2024\\\\\/11\\\\\/26\\\\\/184781.jpg\\\",\\\"cms_type\\\":\\\"live\\\",\\\"small_image\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"is_updated\\\":\\\"0\\\",\\\"image_cropping\\\":\\\"{\\\\\\\"800x600\\\\\\\":{\\\\\\\"image_width\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"901.205\\\\\\\",\\\\\\\"image_height\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"600\\\\\\\",\\\\\\\"image_original_width\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"200\\\\\\\",\\\\\\\"image_original_height\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"133\\\\\\\",\\\\\\\"selectx1\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"41.5456\\\\\\\",\\\\\\\"selectx2\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"841.546\\\\\\\",\\\\\\\"selecty1\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"0\\\\\\\",\\\\\\\"selecty2\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"600\\\\\\\",\\\\\\\"ratio\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"4.50603\\\\\\\",\\\\\\\"icd_image_height_unit\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"px\\\\\\\",\\\\\\\"icd_image_width_unit\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"px\\\\\\\",\\\\\\\"icd_image_resolution\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"200\\\\\\\",\\\\\\\"icd_selection_resolution\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"0\\\\\\\",\\\\\\\"icd_image_type\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"800x600\\\\\\\",\\\\\\\"icd_blur_image\\\\\\\":false,\\\\\\\"icd_blur_link\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"\\\\\\\"},\\\\\\\"focal_point\\\\\\\":{\\\\\\\"image_width\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"200\\\\\\\",\\\\\\\"image_height\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"133\\\\\\\",\\\\\\\"image_original_width\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"200\\\\\\\",\\\\\\\"image_original_height\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"133\\\\\\\",\\\\\\\"selectx1\\\\\\\":-0.020000000000000018,\\\\\\\"selectx2\\\\\\\":0,\\\\\\\"selecty1\\\\\\\":0.63909774436090228,\\\\\\\"selecty2\\\\\\\":0,\\\\\\\"ratio\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"0\\\\\\\",\\\\\\\"icd_image_height_unit\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"px\\\\\\\",\\\\\\\"icd_image_width_unit\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"px\\\\\\\",\\\\\\\"icd_image_resolution\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"200\\\\\\\",\\\\\\\"icd_selection_resolution\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"0\\\\\\\",\\\\\\\"icd_image_type\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"Focal_point\\\\\\\",\\\\\\\"icd_blur_image\\\\\\\":false,\\\\\\\"icd_blur_link\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"\\\\\\\"},\\\\\\\"original_image\\\\\\\":{\\\\\\\"image_original_width\\\\\\\":345,\\\\\\\"image_original_height\\\\\\\":230,\\\\\\\"icd_image_type\\\\\\\":\\\\\\\"original_image\\\\\\\"}}\\\",\\\"is_copied\\\":\\\"0\\\",\\\"media_type\\\":\\\"0\\\",\\\"image_caption\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"image_description\\\":\\\"Khaled Al-Saleh\\\",\\\"image_alt_text\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"image_cms_category_id\\\":\\\"0\\\",\\\"image_cms_category_name\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"image_count\\\":1}","author_name":"Dr Khalid Al-Saleh","section_name":"Opinion","sub_section_name":"Others","slide_show":0,"breaking_news":0,"visit_count_update_date":null,"old_cms_article_id":null,"permalink":"article\/21660\/the-real-politics","show_image_in_thumb":0,"api_status":0,"a_custom_data":"{\"exclude_from_gallery\":null,\"lead_image_id\":null}","publication_id":2,"max_publish_time":"2024-11-26 21:58:00","page_number":"2","homepage_article_flag":0,"article_shortlink":null,"fb_shared_flag":0,"cropped_image":0,"time_reading":2,"article_parent_id":0,"hide_homepage_article_flag":0,"push_sent":0}; </script> <div id="article_info" data-cms_article_id="21660" data-article_url="https://kuwaittimes.com/article/21660/opinion/others/the-real-politics/" data-article_title="The real politics" ></div> <div class="container "> <div class="row" data-row_id="1"> <div class="col-md-12 noPadding col-xs-12"> <!-- kt-opinion-article-details.blade.php --> <style> .kt-opinion-article-details .main{display: flex;flex: 0 0 100%;max-width: 100%;align-items: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-left: -10px} .kt-opinion-article-details .author_image{margin-right: 16px} .kt-opinion-article-details .author_image img {border-radius: 74px;width:168px;height:108px;} .kt-opinion-article-details .author_name{color: #009FE5;font-family: IBM Plex Sans;font-size: 16px;font-style: normal;font-weight: 700;line-height: normal;letter-spacing: 1.12px;} .kt-opinion-article-details .opinion_title{color: #000;font-feature-settings: 'liga' off;font-family: Addington CF;font-size: 34px;font-style: normal;font-weight: 700;line-height: 38px;margin: 16px 0;} .kt-opinion-article-details .published_time,.kt-opinion-article-details time{margin-top: 6px;color: #888;font-family: IBM Plex Sans;font-size: 13px;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;line-height: normal;letter-spacing: 0.65px;} .kt-opinion-article-details .time-opinion span{text-transform: capitalize !important;} .kt-opinion-article-details .opinion_href{color: #555;font-family: Addington CF;font-size: 20px;font-style: normal;font-weight: 300;line-height: 27px;letter-spacing: -0.4px;} .kt-opinion-article-details .body{border-bottom: 1px solid #DCDCDC;padding-bottom: 16px;} .kt-opinion-article-details .social-media{margin: 10px 0 39px 0;} .kt-opinion-article-details .social-media img{padding-right: 20px;} .kt-opinion-article-details .social-media a img{filter: opacity(.5)} .kt-opinion-article-details .article-body{margin-top: 20px;color: #555555; font-weight: 400; font-size: 20px; line-height: 35px; text-decoration: none; font-family: 'IBM Plex Sans';width: 50%;} .kt-opinion-article-details .article-body figure.alignleft{float: left;padding-right: 10px;margin: 0.375em 1.75em 1em 0;} .kt-opinion-article-details .article-body figure.alignright{float: right;padding-left: 10px} .kt-opinion-article-details .article-body iframe{height: revert-layer !important; width: 100% !important;} .kt-opinion-article-details .update{border-top: 1px solid #DCDCDC; width: 100%; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center;} .kt-opinion-article-details .author-content {display: flex;justify-content: space-between;width: 46%;align-items: center;} .kt-opinion-article-details .publishing-date {font-family: 'IBM Plex Sans';font-weight: 400;font-size: 13px;line-height: 17px;color: #888888;} .kt-opinion-article-details .body .opinion_title {color: #000;font-feature-settings: 'liga' off;font-family: Addington CF;font-size: 34px;font-style: normal;font-weight: 700;line-height: 38px} .kt-opinion-article-details .body .article-subtitle {color: #888;font-family: Addington CF;font-size: 20px;font-style: normal;font-weight: 300;line-height: 27px;letter-spacing: -0.4px;width: 78%} .kt-opinion-article-details .row.social-media a .twitter{width: 47px;margin-right: -5px;} .kt-opinion-article-details .article-tags{margin-bottom: 10px;} .kt-opinion-article-details .article-tags a.tag-item{display:inline-block;margin-bottom: 10px;color:#555555; border: 2px solid #555555; border-radius: 3px;padding:5px 15px;margin-right: 20px;} @media (max-width: 768px) { .kt-opinion-article-details .main{flex-direction:column;} .kt-opinion-article-details .author-name-title{display: flex;flex-direction: column;align-items: center;margin-top: 10px;} .kt-opinion-article-details .author_image{margin-right: 0} .kt-opinion-article-details .article-body{width: 100%;} .kt-opinion-article-details .opinion_title {font-size: 30px;} .kt-opinion-article-details .second-sharing-menu .css-1whd2mm{left:100px} .kt-opinion-article-details .second-sharing-menu .dropdown .dropdown-content.active{margin-left: -80px} } @media(min-width: 768px){ .kt-opinion-article-details .author-content {margin: 10px 0 39px 0;} } @media(max-width:1200px) and (orientation:landscape){ .kt-opinion-article-details .article-body{width: 80%;} } .byline{display: none} /*Dropdown Style*/ .dropbtn {font-family: "IBM Plex Sans";color: #000;padding: 16px;font-size: 16px;border: none;cursor: pointer;position: relative;z-index: 1001;} /* .dropbtn-outer {position: fixed;width: 100%;height: 100%;top: 0px;left: 0px;} */ .dropdown {position: relative;display: inline-block;} .dropdown-content {display: none;position: absolute;background-color: #f9f9f9;min-width: 160px;box-shadow: 1px 0px 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);z-index: 1;} .dropdown-content a {color: black;padding: 6px 16px;text-decoration: none;display: block;} .dropdown-content a:hover {background-color: #f1f1f1} .row.share .dropdown-content {margin-top: 3px;} .row.share .twitter {width: 45px;margin-right: -5px;} .row.share .facebook_icon {width: 32px} .row.share .telegram_icon {width: 32px} .row.share a {font-size: 12px;font-family: "IBM Plex Sans"} .row.share a:not(:last-child) {border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;} .row.share img {padding-right: 10px} .dropdown .dropdown-content.active {display: block;margin-top: 12px;margin-left: 5px;width: 215px;z-index: 1002} .dropdown .dropdown-content .share-options {margin: 10px 10px 6px;font-weight: 700;} .css-1whd2mm {display: inline-block;height: 0px;position: absolute;width: 0px;border-width: 10px;border-style: inset inset solid;border-color: transparent transparent rgb(179, 179, 179);border-image: none;left: 15px;top: -20px;} .css-12ko2qk {border-width: 10px 10px 11px;border-style: inset inset solid;border-color: transparent transparent rgb(255, 255, 255);border-image: none;display: inline-block;height: 0px;position: absolute;width: 0px;left: -10px;top: -9px;} .css-uz6jad {background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border: 1px solid rgb(220, 220, 220);border-radius: 100%;padding: 4px;margin-right: 16px;} .second-sharing-menu .css-1whd2mm{left:50px} .second-sharing-menu .dropdown .dropdown-content.active{margin-left: -30px} /*End Dropdown Style*/ </style> <div class="kt-opinion-article-details " data-widget-id="129"> <div class="container opinion-container"> <div class="main"> <div class="author_image"> </div> <div class="author-name-title"> <div class="author_name"> <a href="https://kuwaittimes.com/author/15/dr-khalid-al-saleh/" title="Dr Khalid Al-Saleh"> Dr Khalid Al-Saleh</a> </div> <time class="time-opinion"> <span style="text-transform: uppercase"> November 26, 2024 10:03 PM</span> </time> </div> </div> <div class="body"> <div class="opinion_title">The real politics <a class="opinion_href" href=""> <div class="article-subtitle"> </div> </a></div> </div> <style> .kt-widget-article-details .dropbtn {font-family: "IBM Plex Sans";color: #000;padding: 16px;font-size: 16px;border: none;cursor: pointer;position: relative;z-index: 1001;} .kt-widget-article-details .dropdown {position: relative;display: inline-block;} .kt-widget-article-details .dropdown-content {display: none;position: absolute;background-color: #f9f9f9;min-width: 160px;box-shadow: 1px 0px 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);z-index: 1;} .kt-widget-article-details .dropdown-content a {color: black;padding: 6px 16px;text-decoration: none;display: block;} .kt-widget-article-details .dropdown-content a:hover {background-color: #f1f1f1} .kt-widget-article-details .row.share .dropdown-content {margin-top: 3px;} .kt-widget-article-details .row.share .twitter {width: 45px;margin-right: -5px;} .kt-widget-article-details .row.share .facebook_icon {width: 32px} .kt-widget-article-details .row.share .telegram_icon {width: 32px} .kt-widget-article-details .row.share a {font-size: 12px;font-family: "IBM Plex Sans"} .kt-widget-article-details .row.share a:not(:last-child) {border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;} .kt-widget-article-details .row.share img {padding-right: 10px} .kt-widget-article-details .dropdown .dropdown-content.active {display: block;margin-top: 12px;margin-left: 5px;width: 215px;z-index: 1002} .kt-widget-article-details .dropdown .dropdown-content .share-options {margin: 10px 10px 6px;font-weight: 700;} .css-1whd2mm {display: inline-block;height: 0px;position: absolute;width: 0px;border-width: 10px;border-style: inset inset solid;border-color: transparent transparent rgb(179, 179, 179);border-image: none;left: 15px;top: -20px;} .css-12ko2qk {border-width: 10px 10px 11px;border-style: inset inset solid;border-color: transparent transparent rgb(255, 255, 255);border-image: none;display: inline-block;height: 0px;position: absolute;width: 0px;left: -10px;top: -9px;} .css-uz6jad {background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border: 1px solid rgb(220, 220, 220);border-radius: 100%;padding: 4px;margin-right: 16px;} .z-index1000{z-index:1000} .z-index-1{z-index:-1} </style> <div class=" row social-media share dropdown"> <span class="dropbtn"><img src="/theme_kuwaittimes/images/share_icon.svg" alt="">Share</span> <div class="dropdown-content" id="dropdown-content"> <div class="css-1whd2mm"> <div class="css-12ko2qk"></div> </div> <p class="share-options">Share Options</p> <a href="#" title="Copy link" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" class="share-icon"> <svg class="css-uz6jad" width="30" height="30" viewBox="0 0 13 13" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M5.61876 7.38125C5.87501 7.625 5.87501 8.025 5.61876 8.26875C5.37501 8.5125 4.97501 8.5125 4.73126 8.26875C3.51251 7.05 3.51251 5.06875 4.73126 3.85L6.94376 1.6375C8.16251 0.418747 10.1438 0.418747 11.3625 1.6375C12.5813 2.85625 12.5813 4.8375 11.3625 6.05625L10.4313 6.9875C10.4375 6.475 10.3563 5.9625 10.1813 5.475L10.475 5.175C11.2125 4.44375 11.2125 3.25625 10.475 2.525C9.74376 1.7875 8.55626 1.7875 7.82501 2.525L5.61876 4.73125C4.88126 5.4625 4.88126 6.65 5.61876 7.38125ZM7.38126 4.73125C7.62501 4.4875 8.02501 4.4875 8.26876 4.73125C9.48751 5.95 9.48751 7.93125 8.26876 9.15L6.05626 11.3625C4.83751 12.5812 2.85626 12.5812 1.63751 11.3625C0.418762 10.1437 0.418762 8.1625 1.63751 6.94375L2.56876 6.0125C2.56251 6.525 2.64376 7.0375 2.81876 7.53125L2.52501 7.825C1.78751 8.55625 1.78751 9.74375 2.52501 10.475C3.25626 11.2125 4.44376 11.2125 5.17501 10.475L7.38126 8.26875C8.11876 7.5375 8.11876 6.35 7.38126 5.61875C7.12501 5.375 7.12501 4.975 7.38126 4.73125Z" fill="#000"></path> </svg> <input type="hidden" id="article_url" value="https://kuwaittimes.com/article/21660/opinion/others/the-real-politics/">Copy Link</a> <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#f0cf8385929a959384cda49895d08295919cd0809f9c9984999383d6929f9489cd9884848083cadfdf9b858791998484999d9583de939f9ddf91828499939c95dfc2c1c6c6c0df9f80999e999f9edf9f8498958283df849895dd8295919cdd809f9c9984999383df"> <svg viewBox="0 0 15 9" class="css-uz6jad" width="30" height="30"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M.906 8.418V0L5.64 4.76.906 8.419zm13 0L9.174 4.761 13.906 0v8.418zM7.407 6.539l-1.13-1.137L.907 9h13l-5.37-3.598-1.13 1.137zM1.297 0h12.22l-6.11 5.095L1.297 0z" fill="#000"></path> </svg> Email</a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://kuwaittimes.com/article/21660/opinion/others/the-real-politics/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" title="Facebook"> <svg class="css-uz6jad" viewBox="0 0 7 15" width="30" height="30"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M4.775 14.163V7.08h1.923l.255-2.441H4.775l.004-1.222c0-.636.06-.977.958-.977H6.94V0H5.016c-2.31 0-3.123 1.184-3.123 3.175V4.64H.453v2.44h1.44v7.083h2.882z" fill="#000"></path> </svg> Facebook</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=The+real+politics https://kuwaittimes.com/article/21660/opinion/others/the-real-politics/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" title="Twitter"> <svg class="css-uz6jad" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 50 50" width="30px" height="30px"> <path d="M 11 4 C 7.1456661 4 4 7.1456661 4 11 L 4 39 C 4 42.854334 7.1456661 46 11 46 L 39 46 C 42.854334 46 46 42.854334 46 39 L 46 11 C 46 7.1456661 42.854334 4 39 4 L 11 4 z M 11 6 L 39 6 C 41.773666 6 44 8.2263339 44 11 L 44 39 C 44 41.773666 41.773666 44 39 44 L 11 44 C 8.2263339 44 6 41.773666 6 39 L 6 11 C 6 8.2263339 8.2263339 6 11 6 z M 13.085938 13 L 22.308594 26.103516 L 13 37 L 15.5 37 L 23.4375 27.707031 L 29.976562 37 L 37.914062 37 L 27.789062 22.613281 L 36 13 L 33.5 13 L 26.660156 21.009766 L 21.023438 13 L 13.085938 13 z M 16.914062 15 L 19.978516 15 L 34.085938 35 L 31.021484 35 L 16.914062 15 z"/> </svg> Twitter</a> <a href="https://t.me/share?url=https://kuwaittimes.com/article/21660/opinion/others/the-real-politics/&text=The real politics" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" title="Telegram"> <svg class="css-uz6jad" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 50 50" width="30px" height="30px"> <path d="M 25 2 C 12.309288 2 2 12.309297 2 25 C 2 37.690703 12.309288 48 25 48 C 37.690712 48 48 37.690703 48 25 C 48 12.309297 37.690712 2 25 2 z M 25 4 C 36.609833 4 46 13.390175 46 25 C 46 36.609825 36.609833 46 25 46 C 13.390167 46 4 36.609825 4 25 C 4 13.390175 13.390167 4 25 4 z M 34.087891 14.035156 C 33.403891 14.035156 32.635328 14.193578 31.736328 14.517578 C 30.340328 15.020578 13.920734 21.992156 12.052734 22.785156 C 10.984734 23.239156 8.9960938 24.083656 8.9960938 26.097656 C 8.9960938 27.432656 9.7783594 28.3875 11.318359 28.9375 C 12.146359 29.2325 14.112906 29.828578 15.253906 30.142578 C 15.737906 30.275578 16.25225 30.34375 16.78125 30.34375 C 17.81625 30.34375 18.857828 30.085859 19.673828 29.630859 C 19.666828 29.798859 19.671406 29.968672 19.691406 30.138672 C 19.814406 31.188672 20.461875 32.17625 21.421875 32.78125 C 22.049875 33.17725 27.179312 36.614156 27.945312 37.160156 C 29.021313 37.929156 30.210813 38.335938 31.382812 38.335938 C 33.622813 38.335938 34.374328 36.023109 34.736328 34.912109 C 35.261328 33.299109 37.227219 20.182141 37.449219 17.869141 C 37.600219 16.284141 36.939641 14.978953 35.681641 14.376953 C 35.210641 14.149953 34.672891 14.035156 34.087891 14.035156 z M 34.087891 16.035156 C 34.362891 16.035156 34.608406 16.080641 34.816406 16.181641 C 35.289406 16.408641 35.530031 16.914688 35.457031 17.679688 C 35.215031 20.202687 33.253938 33.008969 32.835938 34.292969 C 32.477938 35.390969 32.100813 36.335938 31.382812 36.335938 C 30.664813 36.335938 29.880422 36.08425 29.107422 35.53125 C 28.334422 34.97925 23.201281 31.536891 22.488281 31.087891 C 21.863281 30.693891 21.201813 29.711719 22.132812 28.761719 C 22.899812 27.979719 28.717844 22.332938 29.214844 21.835938 C 29.584844 21.464938 29.411828 21.017578 29.048828 21.017578 C 28.923828 21.017578 28.774141 21.070266 28.619141 21.197266 C 28.011141 21.694266 19.534781 27.366266 18.800781 27.822266 C 18.314781 28.124266 17.56225 28.341797 16.78125 28.341797 C 16.44825 28.341797 16.111109 28.301891 15.787109 28.212891 C 14.659109 27.901891 12.750187 27.322734 11.992188 27.052734 C 11.263188 26.792734 10.998047 26.543656 10.998047 26.097656 C 10.998047 25.463656 11.892938 25.026 12.835938 24.625 C 13.831938 24.202 31.066062 16.883437 32.414062 16.398438 C 33.038062 16.172438 33.608891 16.035156 34.087891 16.035156 z"/> </svg> Telegram</a> <a class="linkedin" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://kuwaittimes.com/article/21660&title=The real politics" target="_blank" title="LinkedIn"> <svg class="css-uz6jad" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 50 50" width="30px" height="30px"> <path d="M 9 4 C 6.2504839 4 4 6.2504839 4 9 L 4 41 C 4 43.749516 6.2504839 46 9 46 L 41 46 C 43.749516 46 46 43.749516 46 41 L 46 9 C 46 6.2504839 43.749516 4 41 4 L 9 4 z M 9 6 L 41 6 C 42.668484 6 44 7.3315161 44 9 L 44 41 C 44 42.668484 42.668484 44 41 44 L 9 44 C 7.3315161 44 6 42.668484 6 41 L 6 9 C 6 7.3315161 7.3315161 6 9 6 z M 14 11.011719 C 12.904779 11.011719 11.919219 11.339079 11.189453 11.953125 C 10.459687 12.567171 10.011719 13.484511 10.011719 14.466797 C 10.011719 16.333977 11.631285 17.789609 13.691406 17.933594 A 0.98809878 0.98809878 0 0 0 13.695312 17.935547 A 0.98809878 0.98809878 0 0 0 14 17.988281 C 16.27301 17.988281 17.988281 16.396083 17.988281 14.466797 A 0.98809878 0.98809878 0 0 0 17.986328 14.414062 C 17.884577 12.513831 16.190443 11.011719 14 11.011719 z M 14 12.988281 C 15.392231 12.988281 15.94197 13.610038 16.001953 14.492188 C 15.989803 15.348434 15.460091 16.011719 14 16.011719 C 12.614594 16.011719 11.988281 15.302225 11.988281 14.466797 C 11.988281 14.049083 12.140703 13.734298 12.460938 13.464844 C 12.78117 13.19539 13.295221 12.988281 14 12.988281 z M 11 19 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 10 20 L 10 39 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 11 40 L 17 40 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 18 39 L 18 33.134766 L 18 20 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 17 19 L 11 19 z M 20 19 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 19 20 L 19 39 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 20 40 L 26 40 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 27 39 L 27 29 C 27 28.170333 27.226394 27.345035 27.625 26.804688 C 28.023606 26.264339 28.526466 25.940057 29.482422 25.957031 C 30.468166 25.973981 30.989999 26.311669 31.384766 26.841797 C 31.779532 27.371924 32 28.166667 32 29 L 32 39 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 33 40 L 39 40 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 40 39 L 40 28.261719 C 40 25.300181 39.122788 22.95433 37.619141 21.367188 C 36.115493 19.780044 34.024172 19 31.8125 19 C 29.710483 19 28.110853 19.704889 27 20.423828 L 27 20 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 26 19 L 20 19 z M 12 21 L 16 21 L 16 33.134766 L 16 38 L 12 38 L 12 21 z M 21 21 L 25 21 L 25 22.560547 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 26.798828 23.162109 C 26.798828 23.162109 28.369194 21 31.8125 21 C 33.565828 21 35.069366 21.582581 36.167969 22.742188 C 37.266572 23.901794 38 25.688257 38 28.261719 L 38 38 L 34 38 L 34 29 C 34 27.833333 33.720468 26.627107 32.990234 25.646484 C 32.260001 24.665862 31.031834 23.983076 29.517578 23.957031 C 27.995534 23.930001 26.747519 24.626988 26.015625 25.619141 C 25.283731 26.611293 25 27.829667 25 29 L 25 38 L 21 38 L 21 21 z"/> </svg> LinkedIn</a> <a class="whatsapp" rel="nofollow" href="https://api.whatsapp.com/send?text=The real politics https://kuwaittimes.com/article/21660" target="_blank" title="WhatsApp"> <svg class="css-uz6jad" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 50 50" width="30px" height="30px"> <path d="M 25 2 C 12.309534 2 2 12.309534 2 25 C 2 29.079097 3.1186875 32.88588 4.984375 36.208984 L 2.0371094 46.730469 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 3.2402344 47.970703 L 14.210938 45.251953 C 17.434629 46.972929 21.092591 48 25 48 C 37.690466 48 48 37.690466 48 25 C 48 12.309534 37.690466 2 25 2 z M 25 4 C 36.609534 4 46 13.390466 46 25 C 46 36.609534 36.609534 46 25 46 C 21.278025 46 17.792121 45.029635 14.761719 43.333984 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 14.033203 43.236328 L 4.4257812 45.617188 L 7.0019531 36.425781 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 6.9023438 35.646484 C 5.0606869 32.523592 4 28.890107 4 25 C 4 13.390466 13.390466 4 25 4 z M 16.642578 13 C 16.001539 13 15.086045 13.23849 14.333984 14.048828 C 13.882268 14.535548 12 16.369511 12 19.59375 C 12 22.955271 14.331391 25.855848 14.613281 26.228516 L 14.615234 26.228516 L 14.615234 26.230469 C 14.588494 26.195329 14.973031 26.752191 15.486328 27.419922 C 15.999626 28.087653 16.717405 28.96464 17.619141 29.914062 C 19.422612 31.812909 21.958282 34.007419 25.105469 35.349609 C 26.554789 35.966779 27.698179 36.339417 28.564453 36.611328 C 30.169845 37.115426 31.632073 37.038799 32.730469 36.876953 C 33.55263 36.755876 34.456878 36.361114 35.351562 35.794922 C 36.246248 35.22873 37.12309 34.524722 37.509766 33.455078 C 37.786772 32.688244 37.927591 31.979598 37.978516 31.396484 C 38.003976 31.104927 38.007211 30.847602 37.988281 30.609375 C 37.969311 30.371148 37.989581 30.188664 37.767578 29.824219 C 37.302009 29.059804 36.774753 29.039853 36.224609 28.767578 C 35.918939 28.616297 35.048661 28.191329 34.175781 27.775391 C 33.303883 27.35992 32.54892 26.991953 32.083984 26.826172 C 31.790239 26.720488 31.431556 26.568352 30.914062 26.626953 C 30.396569 26.685553 29.88546 27.058933 29.587891 27.5 C 29.305837 27.918069 28.170387 29.258349 27.824219 29.652344 C 27.819619 29.649544 27.849659 29.663383 27.712891 29.595703 C 27.284761 29.383815 26.761157 29.203652 25.986328 28.794922 C 25.2115 28.386192 24.242255 27.782635 23.181641 26.847656 L 23.181641 26.845703 C 21.603029 25.455949 20.497272 23.711106 20.148438 23.125 C 20.171937 23.09704 20.145643 23.130901 20.195312 23.082031 L 20.197266 23.080078 C 20.553781 22.728924 20.869739 22.309521 21.136719 22.001953 C 21.515257 21.565866 21.68231 21.181437 21.863281 20.822266 C 22.223954 20.10644 22.02313 19.318742 21.814453 18.904297 L 21.814453 18.902344 C 21.828863 18.931014 21.701572 18.650157 21.564453 18.326172 C 21.426943 18.001263 21.251663 17.580039 21.064453 17.130859 C 20.690033 16.232501 20.272027 15.224912 20.023438 14.634766 L 20.023438 14.632812 C 19.730591 13.937684 19.334395 13.436908 18.816406 13.195312 C 18.298417 12.953717 17.840778 13.022402 17.822266 13.021484 L 17.820312 13.021484 C 17.450668 13.004432 17.045038 13 16.642578 13 z M 16.642578 15 C 17.028118 15 17.408214 15.004701 17.726562 15.019531 C 18.054056 15.035851 18.033687 15.037192 17.970703 15.007812 C 17.906713 14.977972 17.993533 14.968282 18.179688 15.410156 C 18.423098 15.98801 18.84317 16.999249 19.21875 17.900391 C 19.40654 18.350961 19.582292 18.773816 19.722656 19.105469 C 19.863021 19.437122 19.939077 19.622295 20.027344 19.798828 L 20.027344 19.800781 L 20.029297 19.802734 C 20.115837 19.973483 20.108185 19.864164 20.078125 19.923828 C 19.867096 20.342656 19.838461 20.445493 19.625 20.691406 C 19.29998 21.065838 18.968453 21.483404 18.792969 21.65625 C 18.639439 21.80707 18.36242 22.042032 18.189453 22.501953 C 18.016221 22.962578 18.097073 23.59457 18.375 24.066406 C 18.745032 24.6946 19.964406 26.679307 21.859375 28.347656 C 23.05276 29.399678 24.164563 30.095933 25.052734 30.564453 C 25.940906 31.032973 26.664301 31.306607 26.826172 31.386719 C 27.210549 31.576953 27.630655 31.72467 28.119141 31.666016 C 28.607627 31.607366 29.02878 31.310979 29.296875 31.007812 L 29.298828 31.005859 C 29.655629 30.601347 30.715848 29.390728 31.224609 28.644531 C 31.246169 28.652131 31.239109 28.646231 31.408203 28.707031 L 31.408203 28.708984 L 31.410156 28.708984 C 31.487356 28.736474 32.454286 29.169267 33.316406 29.580078 C 34.178526 29.990889 35.053561 30.417875 35.337891 30.558594 C 35.748225 30.761674 35.942113 30.893881 35.992188 30.894531 C 35.995572 30.982516 35.998992 31.07786 35.986328 31.222656 C 35.951258 31.624292 35.8439 32.180225 35.628906 32.775391 C 35.523582 33.066746 34.975018 33.667661 34.283203 34.105469 C 33.591388 34.543277 32.749338 34.852514 32.4375 34.898438 C 31.499896 35.036591 30.386672 35.087027 29.164062 34.703125 C 28.316336 34.437036 27.259305 34.092596 25.890625 33.509766 C 23.114812 32.325956 20.755591 30.311513 19.070312 28.537109 C 18.227674 27.649908 17.552562 26.824019 17.072266 26.199219 C 16.592866 25.575584 16.383528 25.251054 16.208984 25.021484 L 16.207031 25.019531 C 15.897202 24.609805 14 21.970851 14 19.59375 C 14 17.077989 15.168497 16.091436 15.800781 15.410156 C 16.132721 15.052495 16.495617 15 16.642578 15 z"/> </svg> Whatsapp </a> </div> </div> <div class="article-body" > <div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://kuwaittimes.com/kuwaittimes/uploads/images/2024/11/26/184781.jpg&w=700 &q=90&f=webp&t=5" type="image/jpg"> <source srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://kuwaittimes.com/kuwaittimes/uploads/images/2024/11/26/184781.jpg&w=500&q=90&f=webp&t=5" type="image/jpg"> <img style='object-position:49% 18.045112781955%;' loading="lazy" src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://kuwaittimes.com/kuwaittimes/uploads/images/2024/11/26/184781.jpg&w=30&q=90&f=webp" alt="No Image" onerror="this.src='/theme_kuwaittimes/images/no-image.png'" width="800" height="480"> </picture> </div> <p class='article-text'><b>During </b>the brutal Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in 1990, many voices in the United States, both within the public and the media, urged President George H W Bush not to engage in the war to liberate Kuwait. Hundreds of Americans even demonstrated in front of the White House to express their opposition.</p><p class='article-text'>A journalist asked the then US President: “What will you do about these crowds?” President Bush’s response provides a perfect example for the purpose of this column. He answered clearly: “If I listened to them, the United States would not be the strongest country in the world.”</p><p class='article-text'>Politics is the art of leadership. All definitions and interpretations of politics inevitably revolve around this concept. But what we often hear today from individuals who are metaphorically called politicians — and sometimes experts — are not reflections of leadership. Most of them are simply opinion-holders, and the difference between opinion-holders and decision-makers is huge.</p><p class='article-text'>Opinions serve multiple purposes. Some are driven by noble intentions and grounded in scientific analysis of reality, but these are regretfully the minority. The majority are linked to personal whims or interests. During times of crisis, the number of opinion-holders who base their views on self-interest tends to grow.</p><div class="dm-player" owners="" sort="recent,relevance" keywordsSelector="meta[name=keywords]" referrerpolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" playerId=""></div><p class='article-text'>Today, we live in a noisier time than in 1990. With the omnipresence of social media platforms, anyone can now hold a microphone and broadcast their views to the world. As a result, more and more people, armed with personal opinions, wear the uniform of political commentators, offering advice — or even warnings — to the leaders of their countries.</p><p class='article-text'>Understanding the difference between a politician and an opinion-holder is important because political leaders should not feel compelled to act on every opinion they hear. The few who express opinions sincerely, without hidden motives or foreign influence, often fail to differentiate between a poll and a survey. This makes it impossible for them to gauge the truth of what the people want, as most of their statements are based on personal desires or wishes, rather than objective data.</p><p class='article-text'>It is therefore advised that political leaders listen to accredited, scientific research institutions that provide accurate, evidence-based information. Leaders should not be swayed by the loud voices of the public, as doing so risks losing the compass of true leadership.</p><p class='article-text'>Successful politics requires leaders with the vision and courage to lead, with unique talents and abilities that cannot be swayed by fleeting opinions or media pressure. Some world leaders become confused by public opinions and media pressure, leading their countries into regression.</p><p class='article-text'>The countries that succeed are those where politicians know the reality of opinions, and where they lead with the support of both their own will and the will of those with wisdom among their people. This is the essence of true politics.</p><p class='article-text'><a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="dab6b5b9bbb69ab1afadbbb3aeaeb3b7bfa9f4b9b5b7">[email&#160;protected]</a></p></div> <div class="article-tags"> </div> <div class="update"> <div class="author-content"> <div class="publishing-date"> <time> <span style="text-transform: uppercase">LAST UPDATE: November 26, 2024 10:03 PM</span> </time> </div> </div> <span class="second-sharing-menu"> <style> .kt-widget-article-details .dropbtn {font-family: "IBM Plex Sans";color: #000;padding: 16px;font-size: 16px;border: none;cursor: pointer;position: relative;z-index: 1001;} .kt-widget-article-details .dropdown {position: relative;display: inline-block;} .kt-widget-article-details .dropdown-content {display: none;position: absolute;background-color: #f9f9f9;min-width: 160px;box-shadow: 1px 0px 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);z-index: 1;} .kt-widget-article-details .dropdown-content a {color: black;padding: 6px 16px;text-decoration: none;display: block;} .kt-widget-article-details .dropdown-content a:hover {background-color: #f1f1f1} .kt-widget-article-details .row.share .dropdown-content {margin-top: 3px;} .kt-widget-article-details .row.share .twitter {width: 45px;margin-right: -5px;} .kt-widget-article-details .row.share .facebook_icon {width: 32px} .kt-widget-article-details .row.share .telegram_icon {width: 32px} .kt-widget-article-details .row.share a {font-size: 12px;font-family: "IBM Plex Sans"} .kt-widget-article-details .row.share a:not(:last-child) {border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;} .kt-widget-article-details .row.share img {padding-right: 10px} .kt-widget-article-details .dropdown .dropdown-content.active {display: block;margin-top: 12px;margin-left: 5px;width: 215px;z-index: 1002} .kt-widget-article-details .dropdown .dropdown-content .share-options {margin: 10px 10px 6px;font-weight: 700;} .css-1whd2mm {display: inline-block;height: 0px;position: absolute;width: 0px;border-width: 10px;border-style: inset inset solid;border-color: transparent transparent rgb(179, 179, 179);border-image: none;left: 15px;top: -20px;} .css-12ko2qk {border-width: 10px 10px 11px;border-style: inset inset solid;border-color: transparent transparent rgb(255, 255, 255);border-image: none;display: inline-block;height: 0px;position: absolute;width: 0px;left: -10px;top: -9px;} .css-uz6jad {background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border: 1px solid rgb(220, 220, 220);border-radius: 100%;padding: 4px;margin-right: 16px;} .z-index1000{z-index:1000} .z-index-1{z-index:-1} </style> <div class=" row social-media share dropdown"> <span class="dropbtn"><img src="/theme_kuwaittimes/images/share_icon.svg" alt="">Share</span> <div class="dropdown-content" id="dropdown-content"> <div class="css-1whd2mm"> <div class="css-12ko2qk"></div> </div> <p class="share-options">Share Options</p> <a href="#" title="Copy link" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" class="share-icon"> <svg class="css-uz6jad" width="30" height="30" viewBox="0 0 13 13" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M5.61876 7.38125C5.87501 7.625 5.87501 8.025 5.61876 8.26875C5.37501 8.5125 4.97501 8.5125 4.73126 8.26875C3.51251 7.05 3.51251 5.06875 4.73126 3.85L6.94376 1.6375C8.16251 0.418747 10.1438 0.418747 11.3625 1.6375C12.5813 2.85625 12.5813 4.8375 11.3625 6.05625L10.4313 6.9875C10.4375 6.475 10.3563 5.9625 10.1813 5.475L10.475 5.175C11.2125 4.44375 11.2125 3.25625 10.475 2.525C9.74376 1.7875 8.55626 1.7875 7.82501 2.525L5.61876 4.73125C4.88126 5.4625 4.88126 6.65 5.61876 7.38125ZM7.38126 4.73125C7.62501 4.4875 8.02501 4.4875 8.26876 4.73125C9.48751 5.95 9.48751 7.93125 8.26876 9.15L6.05626 11.3625C4.83751 12.5812 2.85626 12.5812 1.63751 11.3625C0.418762 10.1437 0.418762 8.1625 1.63751 6.94375L2.56876 6.0125C2.56251 6.525 2.64376 7.0375 2.81876 7.53125L2.52501 7.825C1.78751 8.55625 1.78751 9.74375 2.52501 10.475C3.25626 11.2125 4.44376 11.2125 5.17501 10.475L7.38126 8.26875C8.11876 7.5375 8.11876 6.35 7.38126 5.61875C7.12501 5.375 7.12501 4.975 7.38126 4.73125Z" fill="#000"></path> </svg> <input type="hidden" id="article_url" value="https://kuwaittimes.com/article/21660/opinion/others/the-real-politics/">Copy Link</a> <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#221d515740484741561f764a47025047434e02524d4e4b564b415104404d465b1f4a56565251180d0d495755434b56564b4f47510c414d4f0d4350564b414e470d10131414120d4d524b4c4b4d4c0d4d564a4750510d564a470f5047434e0f524d4e4b564b41510d"> <svg viewBox="0 0 15 9" class="css-uz6jad" width="30" height="30"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M.906 8.418V0L5.64 4.76.906 8.419zm13 0L9.174 4.761 13.906 0v8.418zM7.407 6.539l-1.13-1.137L.907 9h13l-5.37-3.598-1.13 1.137zM1.297 0h12.22l-6.11 5.095L1.297 0z" fill="#000"></path> </svg> Email</a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://kuwaittimes.com/article/21660/opinion/others/the-real-politics/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" title="Facebook"> <svg class="css-uz6jad" viewBox="0 0 7 15" width="30" height="30"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M4.775 14.163V7.08h1.923l.255-2.441H4.775l.004-1.222c0-.636.06-.977.958-.977H6.94V0H5.016c-2.31 0-3.123 1.184-3.123 3.175V4.64H.453v2.44h1.44v7.083h2.882z" fill="#000"></path> </svg> Facebook</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=The+real+politics https://kuwaittimes.com/article/21660/opinion/others/the-real-politics/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" title="Twitter"> <svg class="css-uz6jad" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 50 50" width="30px" height="30px"> <path d="M 11 4 C 7.1456661 4 4 7.1456661 4 11 L 4 39 C 4 42.854334 7.1456661 46 11 46 L 39 46 C 42.854334 46 46 42.854334 46 39 L 46 11 C 46 7.1456661 42.854334 4 39 4 L 11 4 z M 11 6 L 39 6 C 41.773666 6 44 8.2263339 44 11 L 44 39 C 44 41.773666 41.773666 44 39 44 L 11 44 C 8.2263339 44 6 41.773666 6 39 L 6 11 C 6 8.2263339 8.2263339 6 11 6 z M 13.085938 13 L 22.308594 26.103516 L 13 37 L 15.5 37 L 23.4375 27.707031 L 29.976562 37 L 37.914062 37 L 27.789062 22.613281 L 36 13 L 33.5 13 L 26.660156 21.009766 L 21.023438 13 L 13.085938 13 z M 16.914062 15 L 19.978516 15 L 34.085938 35 L 31.021484 35 L 16.914062 15 z"/> </svg> Twitter</a> <a href="https://t.me/share?url=https://kuwaittimes.com/article/21660/opinion/others/the-real-politics/&text=The real politics" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" title="Telegram"> <svg class="css-uz6jad" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 50 50" width="30px" height="30px"> <path d="M 25 2 C 12.309288 2 2 12.309297 2 25 C 2 37.690703 12.309288 48 25 48 C 37.690712 48 48 37.690703 48 25 C 48 12.309297 37.690712 2 25 2 z M 25 4 C 36.609833 4 46 13.390175 46 25 C 46 36.609825 36.609833 46 25 46 C 13.390167 46 4 36.609825 4 25 C 4 13.390175 13.390167 4 25 4 z M 34.087891 14.035156 C 33.403891 14.035156 32.635328 14.193578 31.736328 14.517578 C 30.340328 15.020578 13.920734 21.992156 12.052734 22.785156 C 10.984734 23.239156 8.9960938 24.083656 8.9960938 26.097656 C 8.9960938 27.432656 9.7783594 28.3875 11.318359 28.9375 C 12.146359 29.2325 14.112906 29.828578 15.253906 30.142578 C 15.737906 30.275578 16.25225 30.34375 16.78125 30.34375 C 17.81625 30.34375 18.857828 30.085859 19.673828 29.630859 C 19.666828 29.798859 19.671406 29.968672 19.691406 30.138672 C 19.814406 31.188672 20.461875 32.17625 21.421875 32.78125 C 22.049875 33.17725 27.179312 36.614156 27.945312 37.160156 C 29.021313 37.929156 30.210813 38.335938 31.382812 38.335938 C 33.622813 38.335938 34.374328 36.023109 34.736328 34.912109 C 35.261328 33.299109 37.227219 20.182141 37.449219 17.869141 C 37.600219 16.284141 36.939641 14.978953 35.681641 14.376953 C 35.210641 14.149953 34.672891 14.035156 34.087891 14.035156 z M 34.087891 16.035156 C 34.362891 16.035156 34.608406 16.080641 34.816406 16.181641 C 35.289406 16.408641 35.530031 16.914688 35.457031 17.679688 C 35.215031 20.202687 33.253938 33.008969 32.835938 34.292969 C 32.477938 35.390969 32.100813 36.335938 31.382812 36.335938 C 30.664813 36.335938 29.880422 36.08425 29.107422 35.53125 C 28.334422 34.97925 23.201281 31.536891 22.488281 31.087891 C 21.863281 30.693891 21.201813 29.711719 22.132812 28.761719 C 22.899812 27.979719 28.717844 22.332938 29.214844 21.835938 C 29.584844 21.464938 29.411828 21.017578 29.048828 21.017578 C 28.923828 21.017578 28.774141 21.070266 28.619141 21.197266 C 28.011141 21.694266 19.534781 27.366266 18.800781 27.822266 C 18.314781 28.124266 17.56225 28.341797 16.78125 28.341797 C 16.44825 28.341797 16.111109 28.301891 15.787109 28.212891 C 14.659109 27.901891 12.750187 27.322734 11.992188 27.052734 C 11.263188 26.792734 10.998047 26.543656 10.998047 26.097656 C 10.998047 25.463656 11.892938 25.026 12.835938 24.625 C 13.831938 24.202 31.066062 16.883437 32.414062 16.398438 C 33.038062 16.172438 33.608891 16.035156 34.087891 16.035156 z"/> </svg> Telegram</a> <a class="linkedin" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://kuwaittimes.com/article/21660&title=The real politics" target="_blank" title="LinkedIn"> <svg class="css-uz6jad" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 50 50" width="30px" height="30px"> <path d="M 9 4 C 6.2504839 4 4 6.2504839 4 9 L 4 41 C 4 43.749516 6.2504839 46 9 46 L 41 46 C 43.749516 46 46 43.749516 46 41 L 46 9 C 46 6.2504839 43.749516 4 41 4 L 9 4 z M 9 6 L 41 6 C 42.668484 6 44 7.3315161 44 9 L 44 41 C 44 42.668484 42.668484 44 41 44 L 9 44 C 7.3315161 44 6 42.668484 6 41 L 6 9 C 6 7.3315161 7.3315161 6 9 6 z M 14 11.011719 C 12.904779 11.011719 11.919219 11.339079 11.189453 11.953125 C 10.459687 12.567171 10.011719 13.484511 10.011719 14.466797 C 10.011719 16.333977 11.631285 17.789609 13.691406 17.933594 A 0.98809878 0.98809878 0 0 0 13.695312 17.935547 A 0.98809878 0.98809878 0 0 0 14 17.988281 C 16.27301 17.988281 17.988281 16.396083 17.988281 14.466797 A 0.98809878 0.98809878 0 0 0 17.986328 14.414062 C 17.884577 12.513831 16.190443 11.011719 14 11.011719 z M 14 12.988281 C 15.392231 12.988281 15.94197 13.610038 16.001953 14.492188 C 15.989803 15.348434 15.460091 16.011719 14 16.011719 C 12.614594 16.011719 11.988281 15.302225 11.988281 14.466797 C 11.988281 14.049083 12.140703 13.734298 12.460938 13.464844 C 12.78117 13.19539 13.295221 12.988281 14 12.988281 z M 11 19 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 10 20 L 10 39 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 11 40 L 17 40 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 18 39 L 18 33.134766 L 18 20 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 17 19 L 11 19 z M 20 19 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 19 20 L 19 39 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 20 40 L 26 40 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 27 39 L 27 29 C 27 28.170333 27.226394 27.345035 27.625 26.804688 C 28.023606 26.264339 28.526466 25.940057 29.482422 25.957031 C 30.468166 25.973981 30.989999 26.311669 31.384766 26.841797 C 31.779532 27.371924 32 28.166667 32 29 L 32 39 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 33 40 L 39 40 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 40 39 L 40 28.261719 C 40 25.300181 39.122788 22.95433 37.619141 21.367188 C 36.115493 19.780044 34.024172 19 31.8125 19 C 29.710483 19 28.110853 19.704889 27 20.423828 L 27 20 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 26 19 L 20 19 z M 12 21 L 16 21 L 16 33.134766 L 16 38 L 12 38 L 12 21 z M 21 21 L 25 21 L 25 22.560547 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 26.798828 23.162109 C 26.798828 23.162109 28.369194 21 31.8125 21 C 33.565828 21 35.069366 21.582581 36.167969 22.742188 C 37.266572 23.901794 38 25.688257 38 28.261719 L 38 38 L 34 38 L 34 29 C 34 27.833333 33.720468 26.627107 32.990234 25.646484 C 32.260001 24.665862 31.031834 23.983076 29.517578 23.957031 C 27.995534 23.930001 26.747519 24.626988 26.015625 25.619141 C 25.283731 26.611293 25 27.829667 25 29 L 25 38 L 21 38 L 21 21 z"/> </svg> LinkedIn</a> <a class="whatsapp" rel="nofollow" href="https://api.whatsapp.com/send?text=The real politics https://kuwaittimes.com/article/21660" target="_blank" title="WhatsApp"> <svg class="css-uz6jad" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 50 50" width="30px" height="30px"> <path d="M 25 2 C 12.309534 2 2 12.309534 2 25 C 2 29.079097 3.1186875 32.88588 4.984375 36.208984 L 2.0371094 46.730469 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 3.2402344 47.970703 L 14.210938 45.251953 C 17.434629 46.972929 21.092591 48 25 48 C 37.690466 48 48 37.690466 48 25 C 48 12.309534 37.690466 2 25 2 z M 25 4 C 36.609534 4 46 13.390466 46 25 C 46 36.609534 36.609534 46 25 46 C 21.278025 46 17.792121 45.029635 14.761719 43.333984 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 14.033203 43.236328 L 4.4257812 45.617188 L 7.0019531 36.425781 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 6.9023438 35.646484 C 5.0606869 32.523592 4 28.890107 4 25 C 4 13.390466 13.390466 4 25 4 z M 16.642578 13 C 16.001539 13 15.086045 13.23849 14.333984 14.048828 C 13.882268 14.535548 12 16.369511 12 19.59375 C 12 22.955271 14.331391 25.855848 14.613281 26.228516 L 14.615234 26.228516 L 14.615234 26.230469 C 14.588494 26.195329 14.973031 26.752191 15.486328 27.419922 C 15.999626 28.087653 16.717405 28.96464 17.619141 29.914062 C 19.422612 31.812909 21.958282 34.007419 25.105469 35.349609 C 26.554789 35.966779 27.698179 36.339417 28.564453 36.611328 C 30.169845 37.115426 31.632073 37.038799 32.730469 36.876953 C 33.55263 36.755876 34.456878 36.361114 35.351562 35.794922 C 36.246248 35.22873 37.12309 34.524722 37.509766 33.455078 C 37.786772 32.688244 37.927591 31.979598 37.978516 31.396484 C 38.003976 31.104927 38.007211 30.847602 37.988281 30.609375 C 37.969311 30.371148 37.989581 30.188664 37.767578 29.824219 C 37.302009 29.059804 36.774753 29.039853 36.224609 28.767578 C 35.918939 28.616297 35.048661 28.191329 34.175781 27.775391 C 33.303883 27.35992 32.54892 26.991953 32.083984 26.826172 C 31.790239 26.720488 31.431556 26.568352 30.914062 26.626953 C 30.396569 26.685553 29.88546 27.058933 29.587891 27.5 C 29.305837 27.918069 28.170387 29.258349 27.824219 29.652344 C 27.819619 29.649544 27.849659 29.663383 27.712891 29.595703 C 27.284761 29.383815 26.761157 29.203652 25.986328 28.794922 C 25.2115 28.386192 24.242255 27.782635 23.181641 26.847656 L 23.181641 26.845703 C 21.603029 25.455949 20.497272 23.711106 20.148438 23.125 C 20.171937 23.09704 20.145643 23.130901 20.195312 23.082031 L 20.197266 23.080078 C 20.553781 22.728924 20.869739 22.309521 21.136719 22.001953 C 21.515257 21.565866 21.68231 21.181437 21.863281 20.822266 C 22.223954 20.10644 22.02313 19.318742 21.814453 18.904297 L 21.814453 18.902344 C 21.828863 18.931014 21.701572 18.650157 21.564453 18.326172 C 21.426943 18.001263 21.251663 17.580039 21.064453 17.130859 C 20.690033 16.232501 20.272027 15.224912 20.023438 14.634766 L 20.023438 14.632812 C 19.730591 13.937684 19.334395 13.436908 18.816406 13.195312 C 18.298417 12.953717 17.840778 13.022402 17.822266 13.021484 L 17.820312 13.021484 C 17.450668 13.004432 17.045038 13 16.642578 13 z M 16.642578 15 C 17.028118 15 17.408214 15.004701 17.726562 15.019531 C 18.054056 15.035851 18.033687 15.037192 17.970703 15.007812 C 17.906713 14.977972 17.993533 14.968282 18.179688 15.410156 C 18.423098 15.98801 18.84317 16.999249 19.21875 17.900391 C 19.40654 18.350961 19.582292 18.773816 19.722656 19.105469 C 19.863021 19.437122 19.939077 19.622295 20.027344 19.798828 L 20.027344 19.800781 L 20.029297 19.802734 C 20.115837 19.973483 20.108185 19.864164 20.078125 19.923828 C 19.867096 20.342656 19.838461 20.445493 19.625 20.691406 C 19.29998 21.065838 18.968453 21.483404 18.792969 21.65625 C 18.639439 21.80707 18.36242 22.042032 18.189453 22.501953 C 18.016221 22.962578 18.097073 23.59457 18.375 24.066406 C 18.745032 24.6946 19.964406 26.679307 21.859375 28.347656 C 23.05276 29.399678 24.164563 30.095933 25.052734 30.564453 C 25.940906 31.032973 26.664301 31.306607 26.826172 31.386719 C 27.210549 31.576953 27.630655 31.72467 28.119141 31.666016 C 28.607627 31.607366 29.02878 31.310979 29.296875 31.007812 L 29.298828 31.005859 C 29.655629 30.601347 30.715848 29.390728 31.224609 28.644531 C 31.246169 28.652131 31.239109 28.646231 31.408203 28.707031 L 31.408203 28.708984 L 31.410156 28.708984 C 31.487356 28.736474 32.454286 29.169267 33.316406 29.580078 C 34.178526 29.990889 35.053561 30.417875 35.337891 30.558594 C 35.748225 30.761674 35.942113 30.893881 35.992188 30.894531 C 35.995572 30.982516 35.998992 31.07786 35.986328 31.222656 C 35.951258 31.624292 35.8439 32.180225 35.628906 32.775391 C 35.523582 33.066746 34.975018 33.667661 34.283203 34.105469 C 33.591388 34.543277 32.749338 34.852514 32.4375 34.898438 C 31.499896 35.036591 30.386672 35.087027 29.164062 34.703125 C 28.316336 34.437036 27.259305 34.092596 25.890625 33.509766 C 23.114812 32.325956 20.755591 30.311513 19.070312 28.537109 C 18.227674 27.649908 17.552562 26.824019 17.072266 26.199219 C 16.592866 25.575584 16.383528 25.251054 16.208984 25.021484 L 16.207031 25.019531 C 15.897202 24.609805 14 21.970851 14 19.59375 C 14 17.077989 15.168497 16.091436 15.800781 15.410156 C 16.132721 15.052495 16.495617 15 16.642578 15 z"/> </svg> Whatsapp </a> </div> </div> </span> </div> </div> </div> <script data-cfasync="false" src="/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudflare-static/email-decode.min.js"></script><script src="/js/alertify.min.js"></script> <script> $(document).ready(() => { var menu = $('.dropdown-content'); var menubtn = $('.dropbtn'); $('.kt-opinion-article-details .dropbtn').on('click', function () { $(this).toggleClass('active-dropmenu') $(this).siblings(menu).toggleClass('active') }) }) var inputHiddenShortLink = $("#article_url"); $('.share-icon').on('click', function (e) { e.preventDefault(); $('head').append('<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/alertify.bootstrap.min.css">'); $('head').append('<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/alertify.core.min.css">'); var success = true, range = document.createRange(), selection; // For IE. if (window.clipboardData) { window.clipboardData.setData("Text", inputHiddenShortLink.val()); } else { var tmpElem = $('<div>'); tmpElem.css({ position: "absolute", left: "-1000px", top: "-1000px", }); tmpElem.text(inputHiddenShortLink.val()); $("body").append(tmpElem); range.selectNodeContents(tmpElem.get(0)); selection = window.getSelection(); selection.removeAllRanges(); selection.addRange(range); try { success = document.execCommand("copy", false, null); } catch (e) { copyToClipboardFF(inputHiddenShortLink.val()); } finally { alertify.success('Link Copied Successfully') } if (success) { tmpElem.remove(); } } }); </script> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container "> <div class="row" data-row_id="2"> <div class="col-md-12 noPadding col-xs-12"> <style> .kt-opinion-related-articles {margin-top: 30px;margin-bottom: 20px } .kt-opinion-related-articles .title-name {line-height: 18px;text-transform: uppercase;font-family: "IBM Plex Sans";font-weight: 700;font-size: 18px;align-self: center;margin-bottom: 22px } .kt-opinion-related-articles .article-title a {font-family: "Addington CF";font-size: 20.869px;font-style: normal;font-weight: 600;line-height: 113.636%;color: #000 } .kt-opinion-related-articles .article-title {margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 10px;color: #000;font-family: Addington CF;font-size: 20.869px;font-style: normal;font-weight: 700;line-height: 23.714px;} </style> <div class="kt-opinion-related-articles " data-widget-id="130"> <div class="title-name"> MORE FROM Dr Khalid Al-Saleh </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-4 col-sm-12"> <a href="https://kuwaittimes.com/article/21349/opinion/others/indeed-we-are-in-need/"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://kuwaittimes.com/kuwaittimes/uploads/images/2024/11/18/181567.jpg&w=480&q=90&f=webp&t=5" type="image/jpg"> <source srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://kuwaittimes.com/kuwaittimes/uploads/images/2024/11/18/181567.jpg&w=600&q=90&f=webp&t=5" type="image/jpg"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://kuwaittimes.com/kuwaittimes/uploads/images/2024/11/18/181567.jpg&w=30&q=90&f=webp" alt="No Image" onerror="this.src='/theme_kuwaittimes/images/no-image.png'" width="800" height="480"> </picture> </div> </a> <div class="article-title"> <a href="https://kuwaittimes.com/article/21349/opinion/others/indeed-we-are-in-need/" title="Indeed, we are in need! "> Indeed, we are in need! </a> </div> </div> <div class="col-lg-4 col-sm-12"> <a href="https://kuwaittimes.com/article/20845/opinion/others/its-time-to-regulate-social-media-content/"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://kuwaittimes.com/kuwaittimes/uploads/images/2024/11/04/175720.jpg&w=480&q=90&f=webp&t=5" type="image/jpg"> <source srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://kuwaittimes.com/kuwaittimes/uploads/images/2024/11/04/175720.jpg&w=600&q=90&f=webp&t=5" type="image/jpg"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://kuwaittimes.com/kuwaittimes/uploads/images/2024/11/04/175720.jpg&w=30&q=90&f=webp" alt="No Image" onerror="this.src='/theme_kuwaittimes/images/no-image.png'" width="800" height="480"> </picture> </div> </a> <div class="article-title"> <a href="https://kuwaittimes.com/article/20845/opinion/others/its-time-to-regulate-social-media-content/" title="It’s time to regulate social media content"> It’s time to regulate social media content </a> </div> </div> <div class="col-lg-4 col-sm-12"> <a href="https://kuwaittimes.com/article/20633/opinion/others/mountains-of-tobacco/"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://kuwaittimes.com/kuwaittimes/uploads/images/2024/10/29/173316.jpg&w=480&q=90&f=webp&t=5" type="image/jpg"> <source srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://kuwaittimes.com/kuwaittimes/uploads/images/2024/10/29/173316.jpg&w=600&q=90&f=webp&t=5" type="image/jpg"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://kuwaittimes.com/kuwaittimes/uploads/images/2024/10/29/173316.jpg&w=30&q=90&f=webp" alt="No Image" onerror="this.src='/theme_kuwaittimes/images/no-image.png'" width="800" height="480"> </picture> </div> </a> <div class="article-title"> <a href="https://kuwaittimes.com/article/20633/opinion/others/mountains-of-tobacco/" title="Mountains of tobacco"> Mountains of tobacco </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- ****************************** END BOOTSTRAP WIDGETS ********************************* --> </main> <!-- FOOOTER OF THEME --> <!-- footer_section.blade.php --> <style> .kuwaittimes-footer-details .container {padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .container .row .logo img {margin-bottom: 10px;width: 85%;} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .categories .category-title {text-transform: uppercase;color: #019FDF;background-color: #fff;font-weight: 700;font-size: 15px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-family: 'IBM Plex Sans';line-height: 25px;margin-left: 10px} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .category a {color: black;font-weight: 500;font-size: 15px;font-family: 'Addington CF'} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .categories .list a {color: #000;font-family: "IBM Plex Sans";font-size: 15px;font-style: normal;font-weight: 500;line-height: 15px;} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .copyright {color: #000;font-family: "Addington CF";font-size: 12px;font-weight: 400;} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .footer-bottom-right a {color: #8F8F8F;background-color: #fff;font-family: 'IBM Plex Sans';font-size: 12px;font-weight: 400;line-height: 100%;margin-left: 30px} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .footer-bottom-right {display: flex;align-self: center;justify-content: flex-end;flex: 0 0 58%} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .social-media {margin-top: 45px;display: flex;justify-content: flex-start;} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .date-wrapper{display: flex;justify-content: center;margin-bottom: 5px;} .categories-header{justify-content: space-between;align-items: baseline;padding-bottom: 6px} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .info-kuwait-footer {text-align: left;width: 77%;max-width: 75%;} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .list{display: flex;flex-wrap: wrap} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .row.social-media a .twitter{width: 28px} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .categories{margin-top: 20px} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .copyright-container {margin-top: 1rem;margin-bottom: 1rem;} @media(min-width: 768px){ .kuwaittimes-footer-details .categories .list a {text-decoration: none;color: black;font-size: 15px;font-family: "IBM Plex Sans";line-height: 100%;font-weight: 500;width: 21%} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .categories .list {text-decoration: none;color: black;font-size: 15px;font-family: 'IBM Plex Sans';line-height: 100%;font-weight: 500;width: 70%;margin-top: 15px;} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .categories {padding-left: 0;padding-right: 0} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .row{margin-right: 0} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .logo{margin-top: 8px;} } @media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1200px) and (orientation: landscape) { .kuwaittimes-footer-details .categories .list {width: 100%;} } @media(max-width: 992px){ .kuwaittimes-footer-details .logo{margin-top: 18px;} } @media (max-width: 768px) { .kuwaittimes-footer-details{margin-top: 20px} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .social-media {margin-top: 50px; justify-content: center} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .container .footer-top-content .categories .list{width: 66%;display: flex;align-self:center;justify-content: space-around;} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .footer-top-content .categories-header{flex-direction: column-reverse;} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .footer-top-content .categories-header .category-title{display: flex;align-self: flex-start;margin-left: 5px;order:1} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .footer-bottom-right a{flex-wrap: wrap;display: flex;} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .logo{display: flex; flex-direction: column;} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .footer-top-content .categories .list{ align-self: center;margin-left: 0;justify-content: flex-start} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .copyright{justify-content: center;margin-bottom: 5px} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .date-wrapper{width: 100%;} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .footer-bottom-right{margin-top: 10px;justify-content: space-around;align-items: center;text-align: center;width: 100%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 90%;} .kuwaittimes-footer-details .row.social-media{margin:0px auto} } </style> <footer> <div class="kuwaittimes-footer-details"> <div class="footer-top "> <div class=" footer-top-content"> <div class="container"> <hr style="border-color: #D9D9D9;width: 100%;margin-top: 0;opacity: .3"> <div class="row" > <div class="col-md-4 col-sm-12 logo "> <a href="/" title="kuwaittimes.com"> <img width="295" loading="lazy" height="44" src="/theme_kuwaittimes/images/logo.svg" alt="logo" class="test-logo"> </a> <!-- <p style="font-size: 12px" class="info-kuwait-footer">In case the Kuwait Times carries an article from an Arabic or any other daily, proper attribution must be given both to the Kuwait Times</p>--> </div> <div class="col-md-8 col-sm-12 categories d-flex flex-column justify-content-start"> <div class="row categories-header"> <p class="category-title">Categories</p> <div class="date-wrapper"> <div class="today-date" style="margin-right: 15px;"> <img loading="lazy" src="/theme_kuwaittimes/images/calender.svg" alt="calendar" width="19" height="18"> <span style="font-family: IBM Plex Sans;font-size: 15px;font-style: normal;font-weight: 500;">28 November 2024</span> </div> <div class="today-paper "> <img loading="lazy" src="/theme_kuwaittimes/images/paper.svg" alt="paper" width="16" height="18"> <a href="/archive-pdf" title="Today's Paper" style="text-decoration: none;color:#212529;font-style: normal;font-family: IBM Plex Sans;font-size: 15px;font-style: normal;font-weight: 500;">Today's Paper</a> </div> </div> <hr style="border-color: #D9D9D9;width: 100%;margin-top: 0;opacity: .3"> <div class="list" > <a style="margin: 10px;padding-bottom: 10px" href="https://kuwaittimes.com//" title="Home">Home</a> <a style="margin: 10px;padding-bottom: 10px" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/world/" title="World">World</a> <a style="margin: 10px;padding-bottom: 10px" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/business/" title="Business">Business</a> <a style="margin: 10px;padding-bottom: 10px" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/lifestyle/" title="Lifestyle">Lifestyle</a> <a style="margin: 10px;padding-bottom: 10px" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/kuwait/" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> <a style="margin: 10px;padding-bottom: 10px" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/opinion/" title="Opinion">Opinion</a> <a style="margin: 10px;padding-bottom: 10px" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/sports/" title="Sports">Sports</a> <a style="margin: 10px;padding-bottom: 10px" href="https://kuwaittimes.com/archive-pdf/" title="Archive PDF">Archive PDF</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row social-media"> <div style="display: flex; align-items: center;justify-content: space-evenly;width: 250px"> <a href="https://twitter.com/kuwaittimesnews" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" title="Twitter"> <img src="/theme_kuwaittimes/images/X-Twitter.svg" alt="twitter" class="twitter" width="25" height="23"></a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/kuwaittimesdaily" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" title="Facebook"> <img src="/theme_kuwaittimes/images/facebook.svg" alt="facebook" width="15" height="15"></a> <a href="https://t.me/kuwaittimes" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" title="Telegram"> <img src="/theme_kuwaittimes/images/telegram.svg" alt="telegram" width="20" height="15"></a> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/kuwaittimes/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" title="Instagram"> <img src="/theme_kuwaittimes/images/instagram.svg" alt="instagram" width="15" height="15"></a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/kuwaittimesdaily" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" title="Youtube"> <img src="/theme_kuwaittimes/images/youtube.svg" alt="youtube" width="20" height="15"></a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuwait-times/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" title="LinkedIn" class="linkedin"> <img src="/theme_kuwaittimes/images/linkedin_logo.svg" alt="LinkedIn" width="15" height="15" loading="lazy"></a> <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@thekuwaittimes" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" title="Tiktok" class="tiktok"> <img src="/theme_kuwaittimes/images/tiktok_logo.svg" alt="Tiktok" width="15" height="15"></a> </div> </div> <hr style="border-color: #D9D9D9;width: 100%;margin-bottom: 0;opacity: .3"> <div class="row copyright-container" style="width: 100%"> <div class=" col-md-5 d-flex copyright" style="align-self: center"> © Copyright 2023, All Rights Reserved </div> <div class=" footer-bottom-right"> <a href="https://kuwaittimes.com/policy/" title="Privacy and Policy">Privacy and Policy</a> <a href="https://kuwaittimes.com/copyright/" title="Copyright">Copyright</a> <a href="https://kuwaittimes.com/contact/" title="Contact">Contact</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <input type="hidden" name="csrf-token" content=""> <script> var settimeout_value = 3000; var initiate = 1, flag =1; function initialize(){ if(initiate==1){ initiate = 0; const loadScript = (src,async=false,timeout=0,skip_script = 0) => { if(skip_script==1){ return true; } return new Promise((resolve, reject) => { setTimeout(function(){ const script = document.createElement('script'); script.type = 'text/javascript'; script.onload = resolve; script.onerror = reject; script.defer = false; script.src = src; script.async = async; document.head.append(script); },timeout) }) }; loadScript('https://kuwaittimes.com/theme_kuwaittimes/js/general-scripts.js?v=0.16') .then(() => loadScript('https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js')) .then(() => loadScript('https://kuwaittimes.com/theme_kuwaittimes/js/initial.min.js?v=0.16')) .catch(() => console.error('Something went wrong.')); setTimeout(function () { if($('body').hasClass('habillage')){ $('#newDivInParent').css({'display':'block','top': ($('.matin-articles-widget-homepage').offset().top - 150) + 'px'}) } }, 1500); } } settimeout_value = 3000; document.addEventListener("mousemove", initialize, {passive: true}); document.addEventListener("scroll", initialize, {passive: true}); document.addEventListener("touchstart", initialize, {passive: true}); setTimeout(function(){ initialize(); window.OneSignal = window.OneSignal || []; OneSignal.push(function() { OneSignal.init({ appId: "", }); }); },settimeout_value); </script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10