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</a></li> </ul> </nav> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"> <span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Investments&redirect=no&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Investments">Investments</a>)</span> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> This article is about investment in finance. For investment in macroeconomics, see <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investment_(macroeconomics)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Investment (macroeconomics)">Investment (macroeconomics)</a>. For other uses, see <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investment_(disambiguation)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Investment (disambiguation)">Investment (disambiguation)</a>. </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> "Invest" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Invest_(disambiguation)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Invest (disambiguation)">Invest (disambiguation)</a>. </div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style> <table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-span"> This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:EditPage/Investment?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:EditPage/Investment">improve this article</a> by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.google.com/search?as_eq%3Dwikipedia%26q%3D%2522Investment%2522">"Investment"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.google.com/search?tbm%3Dnws%26q%3D%2522Investment%2522%2B-wikipedia%26tbs%3Dar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.google.com/search?%26q%3D%2522Investment%2522%26tbs%3Dbkt:s%26tbm%3Dbks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.google.com/search?tbs%3Dbks:1%26q%3D%2522Investment%2522%2B-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q%3D%2522Investment%2522">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query%3D%2522Investment%2522%26acc%3Don%26wc%3Don">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2017</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><b>Investment</b> is traditionally defined as the "commitment of resources to achieve later benefits". If an investment involves money, then it can be defined as a "commitment of money to receive more money later". From a broader viewpoint, an investment can be defined as "to tailor the pattern of expenditure and receipt of resources to optimise the desirable patterns of these flows". When expenditures and receipts are defined in terms of money, then the net monetary receipt in a time period is termed <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cash_flow?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cash flow">cash flow</a>, while money received in a series of several time periods is termed cash flow stream.</p> <p>In <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Finance?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Finance">finance</a>, the purpose of investing is to generate a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Return_(finance)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Return (finance)">return</a> on the invested <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Asset?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Asset">asset</a>. The return may consist of a capital gain (profit) or loss, realised if the investment is sold, unrealised <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Capital_appreciation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Capital appreciation">capital appreciation</a> (or depreciation) if yet unsold. It may also consist of periodic income such as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dividend?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dividend">dividends</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Interest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Interest">interest</a>, or rental income. The return may also include currency gains or losses due to changes in foreign currency <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Exchange_rate?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Exchange rate">exchange rates</a>.</p> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Investor">Investors</a> generally expect higher <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rate_of_return?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rate of return">returns</a> from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Financial_risk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Financial risk">riskier</a> investments. When a low-risk investment is made, the return is also generally low. Similarly, high risk comes with a chance of high losses. Investors, particularly novices, are often advised to <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Diversification_(finance)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Diversification (finance)">diversify</a> their <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portfolio_(finance)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portfolio (finance)">portfolio</a>. Diversification has the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Statistics?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Statistics">statistical</a> effect of reducing overall risk.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Types_of_financial_investments"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Types of financial investments</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Investment_and_risk"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Investment and risk</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#History"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Investment_strategies"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Investment strategies</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Value_investing"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Value investing</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Growth_investing"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Growth investing</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Momentum_investing"><span class="tocnumber">4.3</span> <span class="toctext">Momentum investing</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Dollar_cost_averaging"><span class="tocnumber">4.4</span> <span class="toctext">Dollar cost averaging</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Micro-investing"><span class="tocnumber">4.5</span> <span class="toctext">Micro-investing</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Intermediaries_and_collective_investments"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Intermediaries and collective investments</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Investment_valuation"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Investment valuation</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#References"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Types_of_financial_investments">Types of financial investments</h2> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>In modern economies, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Traditional_investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Traditional investments">traditional investments</a> include:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stock?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Stock">Stocks</a> - <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Business?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Business">Business</a> ownership, known as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Equity_(finance)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Equity (finance)">equity</a>, in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Publicly_traded_companies?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Publicly traded companies">publicly traded companies</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bond_(finance)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bond (finance)">Bonds</a> - <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Loan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Loan">loans</a> to governments and businesses traded on public markets</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cash?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cash">Cash</a> - holding a particular <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Currency?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Currency">currency</a>, whether in anticipation of spending or to take advantage of or hedge against changes in a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Currency_exchange_rate?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Currency exchange rate">currency exchange rate</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Real_estate_investing?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Real estate investing">Real estate</a>, which can be rented to provide ongoing income or resold if it increases in value</li> </ul> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alternative_investment?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alternative investment">Alternative investments</a> include:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Private_equity?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Private equity">Private equity</a> in businesses that are not publicly traded on a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stock_exchange?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Stock exchange">stock exchange</a>, often involving <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Venture_capital?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Venture capital">venture capital</a> funds, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Angel_investor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Angel investor">angel investors</a>, or <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Equity_crowdfunding?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Equity crowdfunding">equity crowdfunding</a></li> <li>Other <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Loan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Loan">loans</a>, including <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mortgage?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mortgage">mortgages</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commodities?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Commodities">Commodities</a>, such as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Precious_metal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Precious metal">precious metals</a> like <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gold?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gold">gold</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agricultural?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Agricultural">agricultural</a> products like <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Potatoes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Potatoes">potatoes</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Energy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Energy">energy</a> deliveries like <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Natural_gas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Natural gas">natural gas</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Collectables?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Collectables">Collectables</a>, including <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Art?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Art">art</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Coin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Coin">coins</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vintage_car?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vintage car">vintage cars</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Postage_stamp?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Postage stamp">postage stamps</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wine">wine</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Carbon_offsets_and_credits?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Carbon offsets and credits">Carbon offsets and credits</a></li> <li>Digital entities like <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cryptocurrency?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cryptocurrency">cryptocurrency</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Non-fungible_token?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Non-fungible token">non-fungible tokens</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hedge_fund?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hedge fund">Hedge funds</a> that use sophisticated techniques like: <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Derivative_(finance)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Derivative (finance)">Derivatives</a>, the value of which is determined by a contract and is derived by calculation from the performance of some other sort of underlying investment; these include <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Forward_contract?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Forward contract">forwards</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Futures_contract?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Futures contract">futures</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Option_(finance)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Option (finance)">options</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Swap_(finance)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Swap (finance)">swaps</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Collateralized_debt_obligation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Collateralized debt obligation">collateralized debt obligations</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Credit_default_swap?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Credit default swap">credit default swaps</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tax_Receivable_Agreement?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tax Receivable Agreement">Tax Receivable Agreements</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Leverage_(finance)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Leverage (finance)">Leveraged investing</a>, which is the investment of borrowed money</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Short_selling?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Short selling">Short selling</a>, which typically uses leverage and derivatives to bet that the value of a stock will decline</li> </ul></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Investment_and_risk">Investment and risk</h2> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>An investor may bear a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Financial_risk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Financial risk">risk</a> of loss of some or all of their <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Financial_capital?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Financial capital">capital</a> invested. Investment differs from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arbitrage?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arbitrage">arbitrage</a>, in which <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Profit_(accounting)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Profit (accounting)">profit</a> is generated without investing capital or bearing risk.</p> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Saving?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Saving">Savings</a> bear the (normally remote) risk that the financial provider may default.</p> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Foreign_currency?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign currency">Foreign currency</a> savings also bear <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Foreign_exchange_risk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Foreign exchange risk">foreign exchange risk</a>: if the currency of a savings account differs from the account holder's home currency, then there is the risk that the exchange rate between the two currencies will move unfavourably so that the value of the savings account decreases, measured in the account holder's home currency.</p> <p>Even investing in tangible assets like property has its risk. And similar to most risks, property buyers can seek to mitigate any potential risk by taking out mortgage and by borrowing at a lower loan to security ratio.</p> <p>In contrast with savings, investments tend to carry more risk, in the form of both a wider variety of risk factors and a greater level of uncertainty.</p> <p>Industry to industry volatility is more or less of a risk depending. In <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biotechnology?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Biotechnology">biotechnology</a>, for example, investors look for big profits on companies that have small market capitalizations but can be worth hundreds of millions quite quickly.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The risk is high because approximately 90% of biotechnology products researched do not make it to market due to regulations and the complex demands within pharmacology as the average prescription drug takes 10 years and US$2.5 billion worth of capital.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="History">History</h2> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"> <table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-span"> This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <span class="anonymous-show"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DTalk%253AInvestment%26preload%3DTemplate%253ASubmit%2Ban%2Bedit%2Brequest%252Fpreload%26action%3Dedit%26section%3Dnew%26editintro%3DTemplate%253AEdit%2Bprotected%252Feditintro%26preloadtitle%3DProtected%2Bedit%2Brequest%2Bon%2B18%2BFebruary%2B2025%26preloadparams%255B%255D%3Dedit%2Bfully-protected%26preloadparams%255B%255D%3DInvestment">making an edit request</a></span></span><span class="user-show"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DInvestment%26action%3Dedit%26section%3D">adding to it</a> </span>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2018</span>)</i></span> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>In the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Islamic_Golden_Age?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Islamic Golden Age">medieval Islamic world</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Qirad?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Qirad">qirad</a> was a major financial instrument. This was an arrangement between one or more investors and an agent where the investors entrusted capital to an agent who then traded with it in hopes of making a profit. Both parties then received a previously settled portion of the profit, though the agent was not liable for any losses. Many will notice that the <i>qirad</i> is similar to the institution of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commenda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commenda">commenda</a> later used in western Europe, though whether the qirad transformed into the commenda or the two institutions evolved independently cannot be stated with certainty.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>In the early 1900s, purchasers of stocks, bonds, and other securities were described in media, academia, and commerce as speculators. Since the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wall_Street_crash_of_1929?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wall Street crash of 1929">Wall Street crash of 1929</a>, and particularly by the 1950s, the term "investment" had come to denote the more conservative end of the securities spectrum, while "<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Speculation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Speculation">speculation</a>" was applied by financial brokers and their advertising agencies to higher risk securities much in vogue at that time.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since the last half of the 20th century, the terms "speculation" and "speculator" have specifically referred to higher risk ventures.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Investment_strategies">Investment strategies</h2> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Value_investing">Value investing</h3> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Value_investing?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Value investing">Value investing</a> </div> <p>A value investor buys assets that they believe to be undervalued (and sells overvalued ones). To identify undervalued securities, a value investor uses analysis of the financial reports of the issuer to evaluate the security. Value investors employ accounting ratios, such as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Earnings_per_share?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Earnings per share">earnings per share</a> and sales growth, to identify securities trading at prices below their worth.</p> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Warren_Buffett?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Warren Buffett">Warren Buffett</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Benjamin_Graham?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Benjamin Graham">Benjamin Graham</a> are notable examples of value investors. Graham and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/David_Dodd?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="David Dodd">Dodd's</a> seminal work, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Security_Analysis_(book)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Security Analysis (book)"><i>Security Analysis</i></a>, was written in the wake of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wall_Street_Crash_of_1929?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Crash of 1929">Wall Street Crash of 1929</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Price_to_earnings_ratio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Price to earnings ratio">price to earnings ratio</a> (P/E), or earnings multiple, is a particularly significant and recognized fundamental ratio, with a function of dividing the share price of the stock, by its earnings per share. This will provide the value representing the sum investors are prepared to expend for each dollar of company earnings. This ratio is an important aspect, due to its capacity as measurement for the comparison of valuations of various companies. A stock with a lower P/E ratio will cost less per share than one with a higher P/E, taking into account the same level of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Financial?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Financial">financial</a> performance; therefore, it essentially means a low P/E is the preferred option.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>An instance in which the price to earnings ratio has a lesser significance is when companies in different industries are compared. For example, although it is reasonable for a telecommunications stock to show a P/E in the low teens, in the case of hi-tech stock, a P/E in the 40s range is not unusual. When making comparisons, the P/E ratio can give you a refined view of a particular stock valuation.</p> <p>For investors paying for each dollar of a company's earnings, the P/E ratio is a significant indicator, but the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Price-to-book_ratio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Price-to-book ratio">price-to-book ratio</a> (P/B) is also a reliable indication of how much investors are willing to spend on each dollar of company assets. In the process of the P/B ratio, the share price of a stock is divided by its net assets; any intangibles, such as goodwill, are not taken into account. It is a crucial factor of the price-to-book ratio, due to it indicating the actual payment for tangible assets and not the more difficult valuation of intangibles. Accordingly, the P/B could be considered a comparatively conservative metric.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Growth_investing">Growth investing</h3> </div> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Growth_investing?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Growth investing">Growth investors</a> seek investments they believe are likely to have higher earnings or greater value in the future. To identify such <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stock?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Stock">stocks</a>, growth investors often evaluate measures of current stock value as well as predictions of future financial performance.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Growth investors seek profits through <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Capital_appreciation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Capital appreciation">capital appreciation</a> – the gains earned when a stock is sold at a higher price than what it was purchased for. The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Price%E2%80%93earnings_ratio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Price–earnings ratio">price-to-earnings (P/E)</a> multiple is also used for this type of investment; growth stock are likely to have a P/E higher than others in its industry.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Investopedia author Troy Segal and U.S. Department of State Fulbright fintech research awardee Julius Mansa, growth investing is best suited for investors who prefer relatively shorter investment horizons, higher risks, and are not seeking immediate cash flow through dividends.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Some investors attribute the introduction of the growth investing strategy to investment banker Thomas Rowe Price Jr., who tested and popularized the method in 1950 by introducing his <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mutual_fund?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mutual fund">mutual fund</a>, the T. Rowe Price Growth Stock Fund. Price asserted that investors could reap high returns by "investing in companies that are well-managed in fertile fields."<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>A new form of investing that seems to have caught the attention of investors is Venture Capital. Venture Capital is independently managed dedicated pools of capital that focus on equity or equity-linked investments in privately held, high growth companies.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Momentum_investing">Momentum investing</h3> </div> <p>Momentum investors generally seek to buy stocks that are currently experiencing a short-term uptrend, and they usually sell them once this momentum starts to decrease. Stocks or <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Security_(finance)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Security (finance)">securities</a> purchased for momentum investing are often characterized by demonstrating consistently high returns for the past three to twelve months.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bear_Market?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bear Market">bear market</a>, momentum investing also involves short-selling securities of stocks that are experiencing a downward trend, because it is believed that these stocks will continue to decrease in value. Essentially, momentum investing generally relies on the principle that a consistently up-trending stock will continue to grow, while a consistently down-trending stock will continue to fall.</p> <p>Economists and financial analysts have not reached a consensus on the effectiveness of using the momentum investing strategy. Rather than evaluating a company's operational performance, momentum investors instead utilize trend lines, moving averages, and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Average_directional_movement_index?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Average directional movement index">Average Directional Index (ADX)</a> to determine the existence and strength of trends.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_12-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:02-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Dollar_cost_averaging">Dollar cost averaging</h3> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:WikiGraphic.PNG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/WikiGraphic.PNG/220px-WikiGraphic.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2081" data-file-height="1243"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 131px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/WikiGraphic.PNG/220px-WikiGraphic.PNG" data-width="220" data-height="131" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/WikiGraphic.PNG/330px-WikiGraphic.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/WikiGraphic.PNG/440px-WikiGraphic.PNG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Dollar cost averaging: If an individual invested $500 per month into the stock market for 40 years at a 10% annual return rate, they would have an ending balance of over $2.5 million. </figcaption> </figure> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dollar_cost_averaging?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dollar cost averaging">Dollar cost averaging</a> (DCA), also known in the UK as pound-cost averaging, is the process of consistently investing a certain amount of money across regular increments of time, and the method can be used in conjunction with value investing, growth investing, momentum investing, or other strategies. For example, an investor who practices dollar-cost averaging could choose to invest $200 a month for the next 3 years, regardless of the share price of their preferred stock(s), <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mutual_fund?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mutual fund">mutual funds</a>, or <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Exchange-traded_fund?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Exchange-traded fund">exchange-traded funds</a>.</p> <p>Many investors believe that dollar-cost averaging helps minimize short-term volatility by spreading risk out across time intervals and avoiding market timing.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_12-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:02-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Research also shows that DCA can help reduce the total average cost per share in an investment because the method enables the purchase of more shares when their price is lower, and less shares when the price is higher.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_12-2" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:02-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, dollar-cost averaging is also generally characterized by more brokerage fees, which could decrease an investor's overall returns.</p> <p>The term "dollar-cost averaging" is believed to have first been coined in 1949 by economist and author Benjamin Graham in his book, <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Intelligent_Investor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Intelligent Investor">The Intelligent Investor</a>.</i> Graham asserted that investors that use DCA are "likely to end up with a satisfactory overall price for all [their] holdings."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Micro-investing">Micro-investing</h3> </div> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Micro-investing?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Micro-investing">Micro-investing</a> is a type of investment strategy that is designed to make investing regular, accessible and affordable, especially for those who may not have a lot of money to invest or who are new to investing.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Intermediaries_and_collective_investments">Intermediaries and collective investments</h2> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <p>Investments are often made indirectly through <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Intermediary?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Intermediary">intermediary</a> financial institutions. These intermediaries include <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pension_fund?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pension fund">pension funds</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bank?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bank">banks</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Insurance?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Insurance">insurance</a> companies. They may pool money received from a number of individual end investors into funds such as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Investment_trust?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Investment trust">investment trusts</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Unit_trust?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Unit trust">unit trusts</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/SICAV?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="SICAV">SICAVs</a> to make large-scale investments. Each individual investor holds an indirect or direct claim on the assets purchased, subject to charges levied by the intermediary, which may be large and varied.</p> <p>Approaches to investment sometimes referred to in marketing of collective investments include <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dollar_cost_averaging?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dollar cost averaging">dollar cost averaging</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Market_timing?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Market timing">market timing</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Investment_valuation">Investment valuation</h2> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Further information: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Valuation_(finance)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Valuation (finance)">Valuation (finance)</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Business_valuation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Business valuation">Business valuation</a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> See also: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Valuation_using_discounted_cash_flows?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Valuation using discounted cash flows">Valuation using discounted cash flows</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Valuation_using_multiples?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Valuation using multiples">Valuation using multiples</a> </div> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Free_cash_flow?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Free cash flow">Free cash flow</a> measures the cash a company generates which is available to its debt and equity investors, after allowing for reinvestment in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Working_capital?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Working capital">working capital</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Capital_expenditure?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Capital expenditure">capital expenditure</a>. High and rising free cash flow, therefore, tend to make a company more attractive to investors.</p> <p>The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Debt-to-equity_ratio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Debt-to-equity ratio">debt-to-equity ratio</a> is an indicator of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Capital_structure?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Capital structure">capital structure</a>. A high proportion of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Debt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Debt">debt</a>, reflected in a high debt-to-equity ratio, tends to make a company's <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Earnings?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Earnings">earnings</a>, free cash flow, and ultimately the returns to its investors, riskier or <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Volatility_(finance)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Volatility (finance)">volatile</a>. Investors compare a company's debt-to-equity ratio with those of other companies in the same industry, and examine trends in debt-to-equity ratios and free cashflow.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style> <div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Capital_accumulation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Capital accumulation">Capital accumulation</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Capital_gains_tax?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Capital gains tax">Capital gains tax</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stranded_asset?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Climate-related_asset_stranding" title="Stranded asset">Climate-related asset stranding</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Diversification_(finance)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Diversification (finance)">Diversification (finance)</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Divestment?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Divestment">Divestment</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/EBITDA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="EBITDA">EBITDA</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Foreign direct investment">Foreign direct investment</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fundamental_analysis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fundamental analysis">Fundamental analysis</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Legal_Alpha?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Legal Alpha">Legal Alpha</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_countries_by_gross_fixed_investment_as_percentage_of_GDP?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by gross fixed investment as percentage of GDP">List of countries by gross fixed investment as percentage of GDP</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_economics_topics?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="List of economics topics">List of economics topics</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Market_sentiment?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Market sentiment">Market sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mortgage_investment_corporation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mortgage investment corporation">Mortgage investment corporation</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rate_of_return?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rate of return">Rate of return</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Socially_responsible_investing?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Socially responsible investing">Socially responsible investing</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Specialized_investment_fund?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Specialized investment fund">Specialized investment fund</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Time_value_of_money?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Time value of money">Time value of money</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Time-weighted_return?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Time-weighted return">Time-weighted return</a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="References">References</h2> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066933788">.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"> </div>   </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=mobile&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DInvestment%26oldid%3D1248013288">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Investment&oldid=1248013288</a>" </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Investment&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Kevillarreal" data-user-gender="male" data-timestamp="1727413464"> <span>Last edited on 27 September 2024, at 05:04</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belegging" title="Belegging – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Belegging" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AA%25D8%25AB%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1" title="استثمار – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="استثمار" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DC%25AB%25DC%2598%25DC%259A%25DC%25A1%25DC%25A0%25DC%2590" title="ܫܘܚܡܠܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܫܘܚܡܠܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A6%25BC%25E0%25A7%258B%25E0%25A6%2597" title="বিনিয়োগ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="বিনিয়োগ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inversi%25C3%25B3n" title="Inversión – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Inversión" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0nvestisiya" title="İnvestisiya – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İnvestisiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DB%258C%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA%25DB%258C%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25D9%2585%25D8%25AC%25DB%258C%25D9%2584%25DB%258C%25DA%25A9" title="یاتیریمجیلیک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="یاتیریمجیلیک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%25C3%25A2u-chu" title="Tâu-chu – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tâu-chu" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580" title="Инвестициялар – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Инвестициялар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2586%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D1%258B%25D1%2586%25D1%258B%25D1%258F" title="Інвестыцыя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Інвестыцыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2586%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B2%25D1%258D%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D1%258B%25D1%2586%25D1%258B%25D1%258F" title="Інвэстыцыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Інвэстыцыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Инвестиция – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Инвестиция" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investicija" title="Investicija – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Investicija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterezh" title="Posterezh – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Posterezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inversi%25C3%25B3_econ%25C3%25B2mica" title="Inversió econòmica – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Inversió econòmica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investice" title="Investice – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Investice" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investering" title="Investering – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Investering" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investition" title="Investition – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Investition" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investeering" title="Investeering – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Investeering" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%2595%25CF%2580%25CE%25AD%25CE%25BD%25CE%25B4%25CF%2585%25CF%2583%25CE%25B7" title="Επένδυση – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Επένδυση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inversi%25C3%25B3n" title="Inversión – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Inversión" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investado" title="Investado – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Investado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inbestimendu" title="Inbestimendu – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Inbestimendu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25D8%25B1%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C%25D9%2587%25E2%2580%258C%25DA%25AF%25D8%25B0%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C" title="سرمایه‌گذاری – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سرمایه‌گذاری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investissement" title="Investissement – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Investissement" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ynvestearjen" title="Ynvestearjen – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ynvestearjen" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infheist%25C3%25ADocht" title="Infheistíocht – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Infheistíocht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investimento" title="Investimento – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Investimento" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25ED%2588%25AC%25EC%259E%2590" title="투자 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="투자" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D5%2586%25D5%25A5%25D6%2580%25D5%25A4%25D6%2580%25D5%25B8%25D6%2582%25D5%25B4_(%25D5%25A2%25D5%25A1%25D5%25B6%25D5%25AF%25D5%25A1%25D5%25B5%25D5%25AB%25D5%25B6)" title="Ներդրում (բանկային) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ներդրում (բանկային)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%25B6" title="निवेश – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="निवेश" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investicija" title="Investicija – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Investicija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koloko" title="Koloko – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Koloko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investasi" title="Investasi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Investasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investimento" title="Investimento – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Investimento" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2594%25D7%25A9%25D7%25A7%25D7%25A2%25D7%2594" title="השקעה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="השקעה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inv%25C3%25A8stasi" title="Invèstasi – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Invèstasi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%25B9%25E0%25B3%2582%25E0%25B2%25A1%25E0%25B2%25BF%25E0%25B2%2595%25E0%25B3%2586" title="ಹೂಡಿಕೆ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಹೂಡಿಕೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2595%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%25A1%25E1%2583%25A2%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%25AA%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2590" title="ინვესტიცია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ინვესტიცია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Инвестиция – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Инвестиция" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collocatio_pecuniae" title="Collocatio pecuniae – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Collocatio pecuniae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapit%25C4%2581lieguld%25C4%25ABjumi" title="Kapitālieguldījumi – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kapitālieguldījumi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investicijos" title="Investicijos – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Investicijos" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beruh%25C3%25A1z%25C3%25A1s" title="Beruházás – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Beruházás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B8" title="Инвестиции – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Инвестиции" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AD%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%2582%25E0%25A4%25A1%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%2580_%25E0%25A4%2597%25E0%25A5%2581%25E0%25A4%2582%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25A3%25E0%25A5%2582%25E0%25A4%2595" title="भांडवली गुंतवणूक – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="भांडवली गुंतवणूक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelaburan" title="Pelaburan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pelaburan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investasi" title="Investasi – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Investasi" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%25C3%25A0u-c%25E1%25B9%25B3%25CC%2586" title="Dàu-cṳ̆ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Dàu-cṳ̆" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D3%25A9%25D1%2580%25D3%25A9%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B3%25D3%25A9_%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D1%2583%25D1%2583%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D1%2582" title="Хөрөнгө оруулалт – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хөрөнгө оруулалт" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investering" title="Investering – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Investering" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%2597%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%2580" title="लगानी – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="लगानी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%2597%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%2580" title="लगानी – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="लगानी" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%258A%2595%25E8%25B3%2587" title="投資 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="投資" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investering" title="Investering – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Investering" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investering" title="Investering – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Investering" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B9" title="Инвестиций – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Инвестиций" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investitsiya" title="Investitsiya – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Investitsiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%25A8%25E0%25A8%25BF%25E0%25A8%25B5%25E0%25A9%2587%25E0%25A8%25B8%25E0%25A8%25BC" title="ਨਿਵੇਸ਼ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਨਿਵੇਸ਼" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25D8%25B1%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C%25DB%2581_%25DA%25A9%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C" title="سرمایہ کاری – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سرمایہ کاری" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25DA%25AB%25D9%2588%25D9%2586%25D9%2587" title="پانګونه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="پانګونه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inwestycja" title="Inwestycja – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Inwestycja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investimento" title="Investimento – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Investimento" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investi%25C8%259Bie" title="Investiție – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Investiție" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B8" title="Инвестиции – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Инвестиции" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%25B6%25E0%25A4%2583" title="निवेशः – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="निवेशः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investimi" title="Investimi – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Investimi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investment" title="Investment – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Investment" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investicija" title="Investicija – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Investicija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2588%25DB%2595%25D8%25A8%25DB%2595%25D8%25B1%25DA%25BE%25DB%258E%25D9%2586%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586" title="وەبەرھێنان – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="وەبەرھێنان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A3%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B3%25D0%25B0%25D1%259A%25D0%25B5" title="Улагање – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Улагање" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investicija" title="Investicija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Investicija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inv%25C3%25A9stasi" title="Invéstasi – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Invéstasi" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investointi" title="Investointi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Investointi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investering" title="Investering – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Investering" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamumuhunan" title="Pamumuhunan – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pamumuhunan" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%25AE%25E0%25AF%2581%25E0%25AE%25A4%25E0%25AE%25B2%25E0%25AF%2580%25E0%25AE%259F%25E0%25AF%2581" title="முதலீடு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="முதலீடு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B0%25AA%25E0%25B1%2586%25E0%25B0%259F%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%259F%25E0%25B1%2581%25E0%25B0%25AC%25E0%25B0%25A1%25E0%25B0%25BF" title="పెట్టుబడి – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పెట్టుబడి" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%2581%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25A5%25E0%25B8%2587%25E0%25B8%2597%25E0%25B8%25B8%25E0%25B8%2599" title="การลงทุน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การลงทุน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D1%258F%25D0%25B3%25D1%2583%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D3%25A3" title="Сармоягузорӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Сармоягузорӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yat%25C4%25B1r%25C4%25B1m" title="Yatırım – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yatırım" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2586%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D1%2586%25D1%2596%25D1%258F" title="Інвестиція – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Інвестиція" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25D8%25B1%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C%25DB%2581_%25DA%25A9%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C" title="سرمایہ کاری – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سرمایہ کاری" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investimento" title="Investimento – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Investimento" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%2590%25E1%25BA%25A7u_t%25C6%25B0" title="Đầu tư – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đầu tư" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%258A%2595%25E8%25B5%2584" title="投资 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="投资" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%258A%2595%25E8%25B3%2587" title="投資 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="投資" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%258A%2595%25E8%25B5%2584" title="投资 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="投资" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penyukongan" title="Penyukongan – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Penyukongan" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li 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