CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Board</title> <meta name='robots' content='max-image-preview:large' /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title=" » Feed" href="https://apnic.foundation/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title=" » Comments Feed" href="https://apnic.foundation/comments/feed/" /> <script> window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/apnic.foundation\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.6.2"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); </script> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://apnic.foundation/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.6.2' media='all' /> <style id='gutena-accordion-style-inline-css'> .gutena-accordion-block{display:grid;row-gap:calc(var(--gutena--accordion-panel-spacing, 20)*1px)}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel{background-color:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-background-color);border:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-border);border-radius:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-border-radius);cursor:pointer;margin:0!important}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title{color:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-color);cursor:pointer;padding:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-padding,20px);transition:.4s}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title.editor{padding-bottom:0}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner{align-items:center;-moz-column-gap:10px;column-gap:10px;display:flex;margin:0;padding:0}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner div,.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner p{color:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-color,var(--wp--preset--color--tertiary))!important;font-family:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-font-family,var(--wp--custom--typography--font-family--secondary));font-size:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-font-size,var(--wp--custom--typography--font-size--p));font-style:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-font-style,inherit);font-weight:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-font-weight);line-height:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-line-height,var(--wp--custom--typography--line-height--p));text-transform:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-text-transform)}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner>.trigger-plus-minus{align-items:center;display:flex;height:20px;justify-content:center;margin-left:auto;position:relative;width:20px}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner>.trigger-plus-minus>.horizontal{background-color:#313233;height:2px;opacity:1;position:absolute;transform:rotate(-90deg);transition:all .2s ease-in-out;width:60%}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner>.trigger-plus-minus>.vertical{background-color:#313233;height:60%;transform:rotate(-90deg);transition:all .2s ease-in-out;width:2px}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner>.trigger-up-down{display:inline-block;height:1.1rem;margin-left:auto;position:relative;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%);width:1.1rem}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner>.trigger-up-down>.horizontal{background-color:#313233;bottom:0;display:inline-block;height:.1rem;left:0;position:absolute;transform:rotate(45deg);transition:all .2s ease;width:.66rem}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner>.trigger-up-down>.vertical{background-color:#313233;bottom:0;display:inline-block;height:.1rem;position:absolute;right:0;transform:rotate(-45deg);transition:all .2s ease;width:.66rem}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner h1{font-size:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-font-size,var(--wp--custom--typography--font-size--hone));line-height:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-line-height,var(--wp--custom--typography--line-height--hone))}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner h1,.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner h2{color:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-color,var(--wp--preset--color--secondary))!important;font-family:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-font-family,var(--wp--custom--typography--font-family--primary));font-weight:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-font-weight,var(--wp--custom--typography--font-weight--semi-bold));text-transform:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-text-transform)}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner h2{font-size:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-font-size,var(--wp--custom--typography--font-size--htwo));line-height:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-line-height,var(--wp--custom--typography--line-height--htwo))}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner h3{font-size:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-font-size,var(--wp--custom--typography--font-size--hthree));line-height:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-line-height,var(--wp--custom--typography--line-height--hthree))}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner h3,.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner h4{color:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-color,var(--wp--preset--color--secondary))!important;font-family:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-font-family,var(--wp--custom--typography--font-family--primary));font-weight:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-font-weight,var(--wp--custom--typography--font-weight--semi-bold));text-transform:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-text-transform)}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner h4{font-size:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-font-size,var(--wp--custom--typography--font-size--hfour));line-height:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-line-height,var(--wp--custom--typography--line-height--hfour))}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner h5{font-size:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-font-size,var(--wp--custom--typography--font-size--hfive));line-height:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-line-height,var(--wp--custom--typography--line-height--hfive))}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner h5,.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner h6{color:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-color,var(--wp--preset--color--secondary))!important;font-family:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-font-family,var(--wp--custom--typography--font-family--primary));font-weight:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-font-weight,var(--wp--custom--typography--font-weight--semi-bold));text-transform:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-text-transform)}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner h6{font-size:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-font-size,var(--wp--custom--typography--font-size--hsix));line-height:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-line-height,var(--wp--custom--typography--line-height--hsix))}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-content{color:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-content-color,var(--wp--preset--color--tertiary));cursor:default;font-family:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-content-font-family,var(--wp--custom--typography--font-family--secondary));font-size:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-content-font-size,var(--wp--custom--typography--line-height--p));font-style:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-content-font-style);font-weight:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-content-font-weight);line-height:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-content-line-height,var(--wp--custom--typography--line-height--p));text-transform:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-content-text-transform)}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-content .wp-block-image:last-of-type,.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-content figcaption:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-content:not(.editor){max-height:0;overflow:hidden;transition:max-height .2s ease-out}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-content>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-content-inner{margin-top:calc(var(--gutena--accordion-panel-title-content-spacing)*1px);padding:var(--gutena--accordion-panel-padding,20px);padding-top:0}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-content>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-content-inner>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel.active>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title{padding-bottom:0}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel.active>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner>.trigger-plus-minus>.horizontal{opacity:0;transform:rotate(90deg)}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel.active>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner>.trigger-plus-minus>.vertical{transform:rotate(90deg)}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel.active>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner>.trigger-up-down>.horizontal{transform:rotate(-45deg)}.gutena-accordion-block>.gutena-accordion-block__panel.active>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title>.gutena-accordion-block__panel-title-inner>.trigger-up-down>.vertical{transform:rotate(45deg)} </style> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--contrast: var(--contrast);--wp--preset--color--contrast-2: var(--contrast-2);--wp--preset--color--contrast-3: var(--contrast-3);--wp--preset--color--base: var(--base);--wp--preset--color--base-2: var(--base-2);--wp--preset--color--base-3: var(--base-3);--wp--preset--color--accent: var(--accent);--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='generate-widget-areas-css' href='https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/themes/generatepress/assets/css/components/widget-areas.min.css?ver=3.5.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='generate-style-css' href='https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/themes/generatepress/assets/css/main.min.css?ver=3.5.1' media='all' /> <style id='generate-style-inline-css'> body{background-color:var(--base-2);color:var(--contrast);}a{color:var(--accent);}a{text-decoration:underline;}.entry-title a, .site-branding a, a.button, .wp-block-button__link, .main-navigation a{text-decoration:none;}a:hover, a:focus, a:active{color:var(--contrast);}.wp-block-group__inner-container{max-width:1200px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}@media (max-width: 500px) and (min-width: 769px){.inside-header{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;}.site-logo, .site-branding{margin-bottom:1.5em;}#site-navigation{margin:0 auto;}.header-widget{margin-top:1.5em;}}.generate-back-to-top{font-size:20px;border-radius:3px;position:fixed;bottom:30px;right:30px;line-height:40px;width:40px;text-align:center;z-index:10;transition:opacity 300ms ease-in-out;opacity:0.1;transform:translateY(1000px);}.generate-back-to-top__show{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0);}.navigation-search{position:absolute;left:-99999px;pointer-events:none;visibility:hidden;z-index:20;width:100%;top:0;transition:opacity 100ms ease-in-out;opacity:0;}.navigation-search.nav-search-active{left:0;right:0;pointer-events:auto;visibility:visible;opacity:1;}.navigation-search input[type="search"]{outline:0;border:0;vertical-align:bottom;line-height:1;opacity:0.9;width:100%;z-index:20;border-radius:0;-webkit-appearance:none;height:60px;}.navigation-search input::-ms-clear{display:none;width:0;height:0;}.navigation-search input::-ms-reveal{display:none;width:0;height:0;}.navigation-search input::-webkit-search-decoration, .navigation-search input::-webkit-search-cancel-button, .navigation-search input::-webkit-search-results-button, .navigation-search input::-webkit-search-results-decoration{display:none;}.gen-sidebar-nav .navigation-search{top:auto;bottom:0;}.dropdown-click .main-navigation ul ul{display:none;visibility:hidden;}.dropdown-click .main-navigation ul ul ul.toggled-on{left:0;top:auto;position:relative;box-shadow:none;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.05);}.dropdown-click .main-navigation ul ul li:last-child > ul.toggled-on{border-bottom:0;}.dropdown-click .main-navigation ul.toggled-on, .dropdown-click .main-navigation ul li.sfHover > ul.toggled-on{display:block;left:auto;right:auto;opacity:1;visibility:visible;pointer-events:auto;height:auto;overflow:visible;float:none;}.dropdown-click .main-navigation.sub-menu-left .sub-menu.toggled-on, .dropdown-click .main-navigation.sub-menu-left ul li.sfHover > ul.toggled-on{right:0;}.dropdown-click nav ul ul ul{background-color:transparent;}.dropdown-click .widget-area .main-navigation ul ul{top:auto;position:absolute;float:none;width:100%;left:-99999px;}.dropdown-click .widget-area .main-navigation ul ul.toggled-on{position:relative;left:0;right:0;}.dropdown-click .widget-area.sidebar .main-navigation ul li.sfHover ul, .dropdown-click .widget-area.sidebar .main-navigation ul li:hover ul{right:0;left:0;}.dropdown-click .sfHover > a > .dropdown-menu-toggle > .gp-icon svg{transform:rotate(180deg);}.menu-item-has-children .dropdown-menu-toggle[role="presentation"]{pointer-events:none;}:root{--contrast:#222222;--contrast-2:#575760;--contrast-3:#b2b2be;--base:#f0f0f0;--base-2:#f7f8f9;--base-3:#ffffff;--accent:#1e73be;}:root .has-contrast-color{color:var(--contrast);}:root .has-contrast-background-color{background-color:var(--contrast);}:root .has-contrast-2-color{color:var(--contrast-2);}:root .has-contrast-2-background-color{background-color:var(--contrast-2);}:root .has-contrast-3-color{color:var(--contrast-3);}:root .has-contrast-3-background-color{background-color:var(--contrast-3);}:root .has-base-color{color:var(--base);}:root .has-base-background-color{background-color:var(--base);}:root .has-base-2-color{color:var(--base-2);}:root .has-base-2-background-color{background-color:var(--base-2);}:root .has-base-3-color{color:var(--base-3);}:root .has-base-3-background-color{background-color:var(--base-3);}:root .has-accent-color{color:var(--accent);}:root .has-accent-background-color{background-color:var(--accent);}.top-bar{background-color:#636363;color:#ffffff;}.top-bar a{color:#ffffff;}.top-bar a:hover{color:#303030;}.site-header{background-color:var(--base-3);}.main-title a,.main-title a:hover{color:var(--contrast);}.site-description{color:var(--contrast-2);}.mobile-menu-control-wrapper .menu-toggle,.mobile-menu-control-wrapper .menu-toggle:hover,.mobile-menu-control-wrapper .menu-toggle:focus,.has-inline-mobile-toggle #site-navigation.toggled{background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.02);}.main-navigation,.main-navigation ul ul{background-color:var(--base-3);}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li a, .main-navigation .menu-toggle, .main-navigation .menu-bar-items{color:var(--contrast);}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li:not([class*="current-menu-"]):hover > a, .main-navigation .main-nav ul li:not([class*="current-menu-"]):focus > a, .main-navigation .main-nav ul li.sfHover:not([class*="current-menu-"]) > a, .main-navigation .menu-bar-item:hover > a, .main-navigation .menu-bar-item.sfHover > a{color:var(--accent);}button.menu-toggle:hover,button.menu-toggle:focus{color:var(--contrast);}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li[class*="current-menu-"] > a{color:var(--accent);}.navigation-search input[type="search"],.navigation-search input[type="search"]:active, .navigation-search input[type="search"]:focus, .main-navigation .main-nav ul li.search-item.active > a, .main-navigation .menu-bar-items .search-item.active > a{color:var(--accent);}.main-navigation ul ul{background-color:var(--base);}.separate-containers .inside-article, .separate-containers .comments-area, .separate-containers .page-header, .one-container .container, .separate-containers .paging-navigation, .inside-page-header{background-color:var(--base-3);}.entry-title a{color:var(--contrast);}.entry-title a:hover{color:var(--contrast-2);}.entry-meta{color:var(--contrast-2);}.sidebar .widget{background-color:var(--base-3);}.footer-widgets{background-color:var(--base-3);}.site-info{background-color:var(--base-3);}input[type="text"],input[type="email"],input[type="url"],input[type="password"],input[type="search"],input[type="tel"],input[type="number"],textarea,select{color:var(--contrast);background-color:var(--base-2);border-color:var(--base);}input[type="text"]:focus,input[type="email"]:focus,input[type="url"]:focus,input[type="password"]:focus,input[type="search"]:focus,input[type="tel"]:focus,input[type="number"]:focus,textarea:focus,select:focus{color:var(--contrast);background-color:var(--base-2);border-color:var(--contrast-3);}button,html input[type="button"],input[type="reset"],input[type="submit"],a.button,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background){color:#ffffff;background-color:#55555e;}button:hover,html input[type="button"]:hover,input[type="reset"]:hover,input[type="submit"]:hover,a.button:hover,button:focus,html input[type="button"]:focus,input[type="reset"]:focus,input[type="submit"]:focus,a.button:focus,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background):active,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background):focus,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background):hover{color:#ffffff;background-color:#3f4047;}a.generate-back-to-top{background-color:#6aa33a;color:#ffffff;}a.generate-back-to-top:hover,a.generate-back-to-top:focus{background-color:#6aa33a;color:#ffffff;}:root{--gp-search-modal-bg-color:var(--base-3);--gp-search-modal-text-color:var(--contrast);--gp-search-modal-overlay-bg-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.2);}@media (max-width:768px){.main-navigation .menu-bar-item:hover > a, .main-navigation .menu-bar-item.sfHover > a{background:none;color:var(--contrast);}}.nav-below-header .main-navigation .inside-navigation.grid-container, .nav-above-header .main-navigation .inside-navigation.grid-container{padding:0px 20px 0px 20px;}.site-main .wp-block-group__inner-container{padding:40px;}.separate-containers .paging-navigation{padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:20px;}.entry-content .alignwide, body:not(.no-sidebar) .entry-content .alignfull{margin-left:-40px;width:calc(100% + 80px);max-width:calc(100% + 80px);}.rtl .menu-item-has-children .dropdown-menu-toggle{padding-left:20px;}.rtl .main-navigation .main-nav ul li.menu-item-has-children > a{padding-right:20px;}@media (max-width:768px){.separate-containers .inside-article, .separate-containers .comments-area, .separate-containers .page-header, .separate-containers .paging-navigation, .one-container .site-content, .inside-page-header{padding:30px;}.site-main .wp-block-group__inner-container{padding:30px;}.inside-top-bar{padding-right:30px;padding-left:30px;}.inside-header{padding-right:30px;padding-left:30px;}.widget-area .widget{padding-top:30px;padding-right:30px;padding-bottom:30px;padding-left:30px;}.footer-widgets-container{padding-top:30px;padding-right:30px;padding-bottom:30px;padding-left:30px;}.inside-site-info{padding-right:30px;padding-left:30px;}.entry-content .alignwide, body:not(.no-sidebar) .entry-content .alignfull{margin-left:-30px;width:calc(100% + 60px);max-width:calc(100% + 60px);}.one-container .site-main .paging-navigation{margin-bottom:20px;}}/* End cached CSS */.is-right-sidebar{width:30%;}.is-left-sidebar{width:30%;}.site-content .content-area{width:70%;}@media (max-width:768px){.main-navigation .menu-toggle,.sidebar-nav-mobile:not(#sticky-placeholder){display:block;}.main-navigation ul,.gen-sidebar-nav,.main-navigation:not(.slideout-navigation):not(.toggled) .main-nav > ul,.has-inline-mobile-toggle #site-navigation .inside-navigation > *:not(.navigation-search):not(.main-nav){display:none;}.nav-align-right .inside-navigation,.nav-align-center .inside-navigation{justify-content:space-between;}.has-inline-mobile-toggle .mobile-menu-control-wrapper{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;}.has-inline-mobile-toggle .inside-header{flex-direction:row;text-align:left;flex-wrap:wrap;}.has-inline-mobile-toggle .header-widget,.has-inline-mobile-toggle #site-navigation{flex-basis:100%;}.nav-float-left .has-inline-mobile-toggle #site-navigation{order:10;}} .dynamic-author-image-rounded{border-radius:100%;}.dynamic-featured-image, .dynamic-author-image{vertical-align:middle;}.one-container.blog .dynamic-content-template:not(:last-child), .one-container.archive .dynamic-content-template:not(:last-child){padding-bottom:0px;}.dynamic-entry-excerpt > p:last-child{margin-bottom:0px;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='generate-child-css' href='https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/themes/foundation/style.css?ver=1729555256' media='all' /> <script src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/plugins/gutena-accordion/build/view.js?ver=5ee49e43fe188c4120bb" id="gutena-accordion-script-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://apnic.foundation/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://apnic.foundation/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/23" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://apnic.foundation/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.6.2" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://apnic.foundation/who-we-are/board/" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://apnic.foundation/?p=23' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://apnic.foundation/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fapnic.foundation%2Fwho-we-are%2Fboard%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://apnic.foundation/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fapnic.foundation%2Fwho-we-are%2Fboard%2F&format=xml" /> <meta name="apnic-rest-api-nonce" content="c3e719ca13" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/themes/foundation/img/favicon-32x32.png?v=008543cc0d14c8a4cdbc1c8fe460fb85b9aab72496a452bc6d4b9ef4854767f1" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/themes/foundation/img/favicon-16x16.png?v=0608a308a614d1bd41b930d4811fe014f698630ac417beb3a039f462309eb77b" sizes="16x16"> <link href="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/themes/foundation/dist/main/app.css?v=ccbf2383af0c3c49afc9080a23a79edd076c57f5768bb1beb07bb4a351372b63" rel="stylesheet"/>  <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-M9DQB3M');</script>  </head> <body class="page-template page-template-page-templates page-template-one-column-page page-template-page-templatesone-column-page-php page page-id-23 page-child parent-pageid-824 wp-custom-logo wp-embed-responsive right-sidebar nav-float-right separate-containers nav-search-enabled header-aligned-left dropdown-click dropdown-click-menu-item" itemtype="https://schema.org/WebPage" itemscope>  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-M9DQB3M" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>  <a class="screen-reader-text skip-link" href="#content" title="Skip to content">Skip to content</a><div class="header-container"> <div class="bg-line"><span></span></div> <div class="header-content-block">      <header class="site-header has-inline-mobile-toggle" id="masthead" aria-label="Site" itemtype="https://schema.org/WPHeader" itemscope> <div class="inside-header grid-container"> <div class="site-logo"> <a href="https://apnic.foundation/" rel="home"> <img class="header-image is-logo-image" alt="" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Foundation-logo.png" width="209" height="113" /> </a> </div> <nav class="main-navigation mobile-menu-control-wrapper" id="mobile-menu-control-wrapper" aria-label="Mobile Toggle"> <div class="menu-bar-items"><span class="menu-bar-item search-item"><a aria-label="Open Search Bar" href="#"><span class="gp-icon icon-search"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M208 48c-88.366 0-160 71.634-160 160s71.634 160 160 160 160-71.634 160-160S296.366 48 208 48zM0 208C0 93.125 93.125 0 208 0s208 93.125 208 208c0 48.741-16.765 93.566-44.843 129.024l133.826 134.018c9.366 9.379 9.355 24.575-.025 33.941-9.379 9.366-24.575 9.355-33.941-.025L337.238 370.987C301.747 399.167 256.839 416 208 416 93.125 416 0 322.875 0 208z" /></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M71.029 71.029c9.373-9.372 24.569-9.372 33.942 0L256 222.059l151.029-151.03c9.373-9.372 24.569-9.372 33.942 0 9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.942L289.941 256l151.03 151.029c9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.942-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0L256 289.941l-151.029 151.03c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0-9.372-9.373-9.372-24.569 0-33.942L222.059 256 71.029 104.971c-9.372-9.373-9.372-24.569 0-33.942z" /></svg></span></a></span></div> <button data-nav="site-navigation" class="menu-toggle" aria-controls="primary-menu" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="gp-icon icon-menu-bars"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M0 96c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h464c13.255 0 24 10.745 24 24s-10.745 24-24 24H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24zm0 160c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h464c13.255 0 24 10.745 24 24s-10.745 24-24 24H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24zm0 160c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h464c13.255 0 24 10.745 24 24s-10.745 24-24 24H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24z" /></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M71.029 71.029c9.373-9.372 24.569-9.372 33.942 0L256 222.059l151.029-151.03c9.373-9.372 24.569-9.372 33.942 0 9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.942L289.941 256l151.03 151.029c9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.942-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0L256 289.941l-151.029 151.03c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0-9.372-9.373-9.372-24.569 0-33.942L222.059 256 71.029 104.971c-9.372-9.373-9.372-24.569 0-33.942z" /></svg></span><span class="screen-reader-text">Menu</span> </button> </nav> <nav class="main-navigation has-menu-bar-items sub-menu-right" id="site-navigation" aria-label="Primary" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement" itemscope> <div class="inside-navigation grid-container"> <form method="get" class="search-form navigation-search" action="https://apnic.foundation/"> <input type="search" class="search-field" value="" name="s" title="Search" /> </form> <button class="menu-toggle" aria-controls="primary-menu" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="gp-icon icon-menu-bars"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M0 96c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h464c13.255 0 24 10.745 24 24s-10.745 24-24 24H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24zm0 160c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h464c13.255 0 24 10.745 24 24s-10.745 24-24 24H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24zm0 160c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h464c13.255 0 24 10.745 24 24s-10.745 24-24 24H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24z" /></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M71.029 71.029c9.373-9.372 24.569-9.372 33.942 0L256 222.059l151.029-151.03c9.373-9.372 24.569-9.372 33.942 0 9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.942L289.941 256l151.03 151.029c9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.942-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0L256 289.941l-151.029 151.03c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0-9.372-9.373-9.372-24.569 0-33.942L222.059 256 71.029 104.971c-9.372-9.373-9.372-24.569 0-33.942z" /></svg></span><span class="mobile-menu">Menu</span> </button> <div id="primary-menu" class="main-nav"><ul id="menu-main-menu" class=" menu sf-menu"><li id="menu-item-1036" class="green-menu menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent menu-item-has-children menu-item-1036"><a href="#" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" aria-label="Open Sub-Menu">Who we are<span role="presentation" class="dropdown-menu-toggle"><span class="gp-icon icon-arrow"><svg viewBox="0 0 330 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M305.913 197.085c0 2.266-1.133 4.815-2.833 6.514L171.087 335.593c-1.7 1.7-4.249 2.832-6.515 2.832s-4.815-1.133-6.515-2.832L26.064 203.599c-1.7-1.7-2.832-4.248-2.832-6.514s1.132-4.816 2.832-6.515l14.162-14.163c1.7-1.699 3.966-2.832 6.515-2.832 2.266 0 4.815 1.133 6.515 2.832l111.316 111.317 111.316-111.317c1.7-1.699 4.249-2.832 6.515-2.832s4.815 1.133 6.515 2.832l14.162 14.163c1.7 1.7 2.833 4.249 2.833 6.515z" /></svg></span></span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-840" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-840"><a href="https://apnic.foundation/who-we-are/background/">Our History</a></li> <li id="menu-item-842" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-842"><a href="https://apnic.foundation/who-we-are/strategic-plan/">Strategic Plan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-847" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-847"><a href="https://apnic.foundation/who-we-are/annual-report/">Annual Report</a></li> <li id="menu-item-848" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-23 current_page_item menu-item-848"><a href="https://apnic.foundation/who-we-are/board/" aria-current="page">Board</a></li> <li id="menu-item-849" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-849"><a href="https://apnic.foundation/who-we-are/staff/">Staff</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-1037" class="green-menu menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-1037"><a href="#" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" aria-label="Open Sub-Menu">What we do<span role="presentation" class="dropdown-menu-toggle"><span class="gp-icon icon-arrow"><svg viewBox="0 0 330 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M305.913 197.085c0 2.266-1.133 4.815-2.833 6.514L171.087 335.593c-1.7 1.7-4.249 2.832-6.515 2.832s-4.815-1.133-6.515-2.832L26.064 203.599c-1.7-1.7-2.832-4.248-2.832-6.514s1.132-4.816 2.832-6.515l14.162-14.163c1.7-1.699 3.966-2.832 6.515-2.832 2.266 0 4.815 1.133 6.515 2.832l111.316 111.317 111.316-111.317c1.7-1.699 4.249-2.832 6.515-2.832s4.815 1.133 6.515 2.832l14.162 14.163c1.7 1.7 2.833 4.249 2.833 6.515z" /></svg></span></span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-833" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-833"><a href="https://apnic.foundation/what-we-do/our-work/">Our Work</a></li> <li id="menu-item-854" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-854"><a href="https://apnic.foundation/projects/">Projects</a></li> <li id="menu-item-855" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-855"><a href="https://apnic.foundation/partner-with-us/">Partner with us</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-1038" class="red-menu menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-1038"><a href="#" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" aria-label="Open Sub-Menu">ISIF Asia<span role="presentation" class="dropdown-menu-toggle"><span class="gp-icon icon-arrow"><svg viewBox="0 0 330 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M305.913 197.085c0 2.266-1.133 4.815-2.833 6.514L171.087 335.593c-1.7 1.7-4.249 2.832-6.515 2.832s-4.815-1.133-6.515-2.832L26.064 203.599c-1.7-1.7-2.832-4.248-2.832-6.514s1.132-4.816 2.832-6.515l14.162-14.163c1.7-1.699 3.966-2.832 6.515-2.832 2.266 0 4.815 1.133 6.515 2.832l111.316 111.317 111.316-111.317c1.7-1.699 4.249-2.832 6.515-2.832s4.815 1.133 6.515 2.832l14.162 14.163c1.7 1.7 2.833 4.249 2.833 6.515z" /></svg></span></span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-868" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-868"><a href="https://apnic.foundation/isif-asia/about/">About</a></li> <li id="menu-item-871" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-871"><a href="https://apnic.foundation/isif-asia/about/selection-committee/">Selection Committee</a></li> <li id="menu-item-865" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-865"><a href="https://apnic.foundation/isif-asia/apply-for-funding/">Apply for funding</a></li> <li id="menu-item-872" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-872"><a href="https://apnic.foundation/isif-asia/apply-for-funding/faq/">Funding FAQ</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-1040" class="green-menu menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-1040"><a href="#" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" aria-label="Open Sub-Menu">News & Resources<span role="presentation" class="dropdown-menu-toggle"><span class="gp-icon icon-arrow"><svg viewBox="0 0 330 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M305.913 197.085c0 2.266-1.133 4.815-2.833 6.514L171.087 335.593c-1.7 1.7-4.249 2.832-6.515 2.832s-4.815-1.133-6.515-2.832L26.064 203.599c-1.7-1.7-2.832-4.248-2.832-6.514s1.132-4.816 2.832-6.515l14.162-14.163c1.7-1.699 3.966-2.832 6.515-2.832 2.266 0 4.815 1.133 6.515 2.832l111.316 111.317 111.316-111.317c1.7-1.699 4.249-2.832 6.515-2.832s4.815 1.133 6.515 2.832l14.162 14.163c1.7 1.7 2.833 4.249 2.833 6.515z" /></svg></span></span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-1041" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1041"><a href="https://apnic.foundation/news-and-resources/blog/">Blog</a></li> <li id="menu-item-877" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-877"><a href="https://apnic.foundation/news-and-resources/publications/">Publications</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4476" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4476"><a href="https://apnic.foundation/careers/">Careers</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-836" class="green-menu menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-836"><a href="https://apnic.foundation/contact/">Contact</a></li> </ul></div><div class="menu-bar-items"><span class="menu-bar-item search-item"><a aria-label="Open Search Bar" href="#"><span class="gp-icon icon-search"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M208 48c-88.366 0-160 71.634-160 160s71.634 160 160 160 160-71.634 160-160S296.366 48 208 48zM0 208C0 93.125 93.125 0 208 0s208 93.125 208 208c0 48.741-16.765 93.566-44.843 129.024l133.826 134.018c9.366 9.379 9.355 24.575-.025 33.941-9.379 9.366-24.575 9.355-33.941-.025L337.238 370.987C301.747 399.167 256.839 416 208 416 93.125 416 0 322.875 0 208z" /></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M71.029 71.029c9.373-9.372 24.569-9.372 33.942 0L256 222.059l151.029-151.03c9.373-9.372 24.569-9.372 33.942 0 9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.942L289.941 256l151.03 151.029c9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.942-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0L256 289.941l-151.029 151.03c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0-9.372-9.373-9.372-24.569 0-33.942L222.059 256 71.029 104.971c-9.372-9.373-9.372-24.569 0-33.942z" /></svg></span></a></span></div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <div class="grid-container container header-buttons p-sm-0"> <div class="header-cta"> <div class="row"> <div class="col"> <a href="/what-we-do/partner-with-us/" class="btn-apply btn-cta mb-3"> <span>Partner with us</span> </a> </div> <div class="col"> <a href="/what-we-do/projects/" class="btn-discover btn-cta mb-3"> <span>Supporting the community</span> </a> </div> <div class="col"> <a href="/isif-asia/apply-for-funding/" class="btn-partnership btn-cta mb-3"> <span>Apply for funding</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="board site grid-container container hfeed" id="page"> <div class="site-content" id="content"> <div class="one-column-page content-area" id="primary"> <main class="mb-5 site-main" id="main"> <div class="content-site"> <nav aria-label="breadcrumb"><ol class="breadcrumb main-breadcrumb "><li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="https://apnic.foundation">Home</a></li><li class="breadcrumb-item">Who we are</li><li class="breadcrumb-item">Board</li></ol></nav> <article id="post-23" class="post-23 page type-page status-publish" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope> <div class="inside-article"> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline">Board</h1> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="text"> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">The establishment of the APNIC Foundation Hong Kong (AFHK) and APNIC Foundation Australia (AFA)</h4> <p>The Foundation was originally established in <a href="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/HK-APNIC_Foundation_Articles-of-Association.pdf" data-type="URL" data-id="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/HK-APNIC_Foundation_Articles-of-Association.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Hong Kong in 2016.</a> To further support the mission and goals of the APNIC Foundation, APNIC also established the APNIC Foundation Limited <a href="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/AU-Constitution-APNIC-Foundation.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Australia.</a> Both APNIC Foundation entities share a common vision, however each are responsible for managing and implementing different projects in the Asia Pacific region and are guided by their respective boards.</p> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-4 mb-2 mt-md-0" style="/* background-color:yellow; */"> <a href="#docsection"> <img decoding="async" class="alignnone wp-image-1432" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/AU-House-symbol.png" alt="" width="40" height="40"></a> APNIC Foundation Limited (Australia)  </div> <div class="col-sm-4" style="/* background-color:pink; */"> <a href="#docsection"> <img decoding="async" class="alignnone wp-image-1430" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/HK-House-symbol.png" alt="" width="40" height="40"></a>  APNIC Foundation Limited (Hong Kong) </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:25%"><div class="wp-block-image pt-5"> <figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="400" height="400" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Foundation-board-2024-pics-01e.png" alt="" class="wp-image-7092" style="width:222px;height:222px" srcset="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Foundation-board-2024-pics-01e.png 400w, https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Foundation-board-2024-pics-01e-300x300.png 300w, https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Foundation-board-2024-pics-01e-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" /></figure></div></div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:75%"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading mb-2">Mr Sharil Tarmizi  <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="wp-image-4120" style="width: 40px;" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/AU-House-symbol-1.png" alt=""><a href="#docsection"></a></h2> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">Chair – APNIC Foundation Australia</h4> <h4 class="wp-block-heading mt-0">(Malaysia)</h4> <p>Sharil Tarmizi has 30 years of experience in law, regulatory work, finance and technology both in the private and public sector.  He was Chair of the Government Advisory Committee (GAC) in ICANN from 2002 to 2007 and actively participated in two World Summits on Information Society (WSIS) in Geneva and Tunis. </p> <p>Sharil has been involved in many capacity building programs with various regional and international bodies. He penned a chapter on, ‘Strengthening the Voice and Participation of Developing Countries in Internet Policy-making’ in a book called “Internet Governance-Asia Pacific Perspectives” published by the UNDP APDIP in 2005. His views are often sought and two notable involvements were the Broadband Strategies Handbook (World Bank-2009) and the Media Convergence Review Panel (Government of Singapore). In 2010, he became Vice Chair of the Child Online Protection Working Group at the ITU. Sharil also served as a member on ITU’s mPowering Development Initiative to provide strategic guidance to ITU’s Telecommunications Development Bureau (2012 to 2015) and had also served as an Advisory Board Member to the United Nations University (UNU) Institute in Macau (2019 to 2023).</p> <p>He graduated from University College of Wales, Aberystwyth and is a Barrister, of Gray’s Inn, London. </p> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-2 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:25%"><div class="wp-block-image pt-5"> <figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="400" height="400" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Foundation-board-2024-pics-01b.png" alt="" class="wp-image-7088" style="width:222px;height:222px" srcset="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Foundation-board-2024-pics-01b.png 400w, https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Foundation-board-2024-pics-01b-300x300.png 300w, https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Foundation-board-2024-pics-01b-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" /></figure></div></div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:75%"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading mb-2">Ms Sylvia Efie Sumarlin  <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="wp-image-4117" style="width: 40px;" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/HK-House-symbol.png" alt=""> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="wp-image-4116" style="width: 40px;" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/AU-House-symbol.png" alt=""></h2> <h4 class="wp-block-heading mt-0">Chair – APNIC Foundation Hong Kong<a href="https://apnic.foundation/wp-admin/post.php?post=23&action=edit#docsection"></a></h4> <h4 class="wp-block-heading mt-0">(Indonesia)</h4> <p>Ms Sylvia Sumarlin is Chair of the Federasi Teknologi Informasi Indonesia (the Indonesian Information Technology Federation (FTII)). The FTII represents 14 professional IT associations. In this role, she leads efforts to advise the government on a national ICT roadmap and regulations that encourage the use of ICT, promote local IT industries to other economies in the Asia Pacific, develop cooperation with international partners, and provide education to enhance the knowledge of ICT professionals.</p> <p>Ms Sumarlin’s involvement in the Internet began in 1995 when she established and led Dyviacom Intrabumi (DNET), one of Indonesia’s first ISPs. She has founded two other companies specializing in chipset development and defence activities. She also serves as the Permanent Committee Head in the area of ICT Infrastructure Development for the Indonesia Chamber of Commerce and Industry.</p> <p>Ms Sumarlin acquired a Bachelor of Arts (Economics) from Syracuse University, USA in 1986. In 1989, she earned two Masters of Arts in International Relations and Economics from Syracuse University.</p> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:25%"><div class="wp-block-image pt-5"> <figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="400" height="400" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Foundation-board-sharad-sanghi.png" alt="An image of Foundation board member Mr Sharad Sanghi. Image in black and white with an orange background." class="wp-image-1760" style="width:222px;height:222px" srcset="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Foundation-board-sharad-sanghi.png 400w, https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Foundation-board-sharad-sanghi-300x300.png 300w, https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Foundation-board-sharad-sanghi-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" /></figure></div></div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:75%"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading mb-2">Mr Sharad Sanghi <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="wp-image-4117" style="width: 40px;" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/HK-House-symbol.png" alt=""> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="wp-image-4116" style="width: 40px;" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/AU-House-symbol.png" alt=""></h2> <h4 class="wp-block-heading mt-0">(India)</h4> <p>Mr Sharad Sanghi is the Managing Director and CEO of Netmagic, an organization that he founded in 1998, and is now an NTT Communications Company.</p> <p>Mr Sanghi is responsible for growing Netmagic into India’s leading managed hosting and cloud service provider, with over 1100 employees and nine data centres delivering services to over 2000 enterprise customers across the globe.</p> <p>Mr Sanghi is a pioneer in the Indian cloud computing space, and his vision has helped Netmagic become a leader in the public cloud services market in India. On the business side, he led Netmagic through three successful VC funding rounds with Nexus Venture Partners, Fidelity, Cisco Systems and Nokia Growth Partners. He also led the 2012 acquisition of the company’s majority stake by NTT Communication Japan – a first in the Indian data-centre market.</p> <p>Mr Sanghi is an industry veteran with over 20 years of extensive experience in developing Internet backbone infrastructure and providing Internet services. He is also a part-time Non-Executive Director on the Board of Bharat Electronics Limited, appointed by the Government of India.</p> <p>During a six-year stint in the US, he worked for Unified Network Management Architecture Group at AT&T Bell Labs, the Backbone Engineering Group of NSFNET (ANS) and the Router Systems Development Group of Advantis (IBM Global Network). He has also helped Merrill Lynch and Bankers Trust design and deploy Wide Area Networks.</p> <p>Mr Sanghi is an Electrical Engineer from IIT Bombay and holders a Masters degree from Columbia University, New York.</p> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-4 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:25%"><div class="wp-block-image pt-5"> <figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="400" height="400" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Foundation-board-jun-murai.png" alt="An image of Foundation board member Dr Jun Murai. Image in black and white with an orange background." class="wp-image-1769" style="width:222px;height:222px" srcset="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Foundation-board-jun-murai.png 400w, https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Foundation-board-jun-murai-300x300.png 300w, https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Foundation-board-jun-murai-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" /></figure></div></div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:75%"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading mb-2">Dr. Jun Murai <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="wp-image-4117" style="width: 40px;" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/HK-House-symbol.png" alt=""> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="wp-image-4116" style="width: 40px;" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/AU-House-symbol.png" alt=""></h2> <h4 class="wp-block-heading mt-0">(Japan)</h4> <p>Dr. Jun Murai is known as the ‘father of the Internet in Japan’. In 1984, he developed the Japan University UNIX Network (JUNET), the nation’s first-ever inter-university network. In 1988, he founded the Widely Integrated Distributed Environment (WIDE) Project, a Japanese Internet research consortium. He is a professor of the Faculty of Environment and Information Studies at Keio University, from which he earned his PhD in computer science in 1987.</p> <p>In 2013, he was inducted into the “Internet Hall of Fame (Pioneer category)”. Prof. Murai also served as President of the Japan Network Information Center (JPNIC) and as Vice President of the Japanese Internet Association. He was appointed to the Internet Society’s Board of Trustees from 1997 to 2000 and in 1998, he was appointed as one of nine initial directors of the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) and served until June 2003.</p> <p>He won the 2005 Internet Society’s Jonathan B. Postel Service Award in recognition of his vision and pioneering work that helped spread the Internet across the Asia Pacific region. He was also honored with the 2011 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Internet Award.</p> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-5 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:25%"><div class="wp-block-image pt-5"> <figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="400" height="400" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Foundation-board-2024-pics-02b.png" alt="" class="wp-image-7942" style="width:222px;height:222px" srcset="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Foundation-board-2024-pics-02b.png 400w, https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Foundation-board-2024-pics-02b-300x300.png 300w, https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Foundation-board-2024-pics-02b-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" /></figure></div></div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:75%"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading mb-2">Mr Jeremy Harrison  <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="wp-image-4120" style="width: 40px;" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/AU-House-symbol-1.png" alt=""><a href="#docsection"></a></h2> <h4 class="wp-block-heading mt-0">(Australia)</h4> <p>Jeremy Harrison is the General Counsel of APNIC, advising both APNIC and APNIC Foundation on legal and regulatory compliance across all aspects of the organisations.</p> <p>Prior to joining APNIC, Jeremy worked at a national Australian law firm. His work in private practice focused primarily on mergers and acquisitions, corporate governance, and stakeholder management issues for clients ranging from publicly listed companies, large membership-based organisations, government authorities, to non-profits.</p> <p>Prior to becoming a lawyer, Jeremy worked for 15 years in the technology sector designing, developing, and managing digital projects.</p> <p>Jeremy holds a Bachelor of Laws degree from Griffith University, Australia.</p> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-6 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:25%"><div class="wp-block-image pt-5"> <figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/raj-profile-01-1.png" alt="" class="wp-image-6058" style="width:222px;height:222px" srcset="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/raj-profile-01-1.png 220w, https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/raj-profile-01-1-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 220px) 100vw, 220px" /></figure></div></div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:75%"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading mb-2">Rajnesh Singh <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="wp-image-4117" style="width: 40px;" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/HK-House-symbol.png" alt=""> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="wp-image-4116" style="width: 40px;" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/AU-House-symbol.png" alt=""></h2> <h4 class="wp-block-heading mb-2 mt-0">Executive Director, Ex Officio</h4> <h4 class="wp-block-heading mt-0">(Australia)</h4> <p>Rajnesh (Raj) Singh joined the APNIC Foundation in December 2023. He is a technology industry thought leader and former serial entrepreneur with extensive experience in the Asia-Pacific and beyond.</p> <p>He has played founding and leading roles in several technology and private equity investment firms with significant experience in business management and strategy development, spanning diverse industries such as telecommunications, power infrastructure, agriculture, and real estate. </p> <p>Raj has an intimate understanding of the nuances of the Asia-Pacific with lived experiences in the region. He has worked extensively with governments, academia, civil society, and the private sector and has served on several Advisory Boards. He has been part of Expert Working Groups for regional and international organisations on infrastructure, policy, regulatory reform, and development issues.</p> <p>His Internet community leadership roles include Chair of the Asia-Pacific Regional Internet Governance Forum (APrIGF), Founding Chair of ICANN’s Asia Pacific Regional At-Large Organisation (APRALO), and he was the Regional Vice President for Asia-Pacific at the Internet Society (ISOC) and established its Singapore-based subsidiary.</p> <p>At the APNIC Foundation he builds partnerships and advocates for the technologies, policies and best practices that contribute to a global, open, stable and secure Internet that is affordable and accessible to the entire Asia Pacific community.</p> </div> </div> <hr class="wp-block-separator has-text-color has-contrast-3-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-contrast-3-background-color has-background is-style-default"/> <h2 class="wp-block-heading">Former board members</h2> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column text-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"><div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="400" height="400" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Foundation-board-michael-malone-1.png" alt="An image of former Foundation board member Mr Michael Malone. Image in black and white with an orange background." class="wp-image-1786" style="width:222px;height:222px" srcset="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Foundation-board-michael-malone-1.png 400w, https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Foundation-board-michael-malone-1-300x300.png 300w, https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Foundation-board-michael-malone-1-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" /></figure></div> <h4 class="wp-block-heading mb-0">Mr Michael Malone</h4> <h4 class="wp-block-heading mb-0 mt-0"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="wp-image-4117" style="width: 40px;" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/HK-House-symbol.png" alt=""></h4> <h4 class="wp-block-heading mt-0">(Australia)</h4> </div> <div class="wp-block-column text-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"><div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="400" height="400" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Foundation-board-tian-suning.png" alt="An image of former Foundation board member Mr Edward Suning Tian. Image in black and white with a yellow background." class="wp-image-1789" style="width:222px;height:222px" srcset="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Foundation-board-tian-suning.png 400w, https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Foundation-board-tian-suning-300x300.png 300w, https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Foundation-board-tian-suning-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" /></figure></div> <h4 class="wp-block-heading mb-0">Mr Edward Suning Tian, Ph.D.</h4> <h4 class="wp-block-heading mt-0 mb-0"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="wp-image-4117" style="width: 40px;" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/HK-House-symbol.png" alt=""></h4> <h4 class="wp-block-heading mt-0">(China)</h4> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column text-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"><div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Foundation-board-craig-ng-300x300-1.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1770" style="width:222px;height:222px" srcset="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Foundation-board-craig-ng-300x300-1.png 300w, https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Foundation-board-craig-ng-300x300-1-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></figure></div> <h4 class="wp-block-heading mb-0">Mr Craig Ng</h4> <h4 class="wp-block-heading mb-0 mt-0"> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="wp-image-4116" style="width: 40px;" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/AU-House-symbol.png" alt=""></h4> <h4 class="wp-block-heading mt-0">(Australia)</h4> </div> <div class="wp-block-column text-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"><div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img decoding="async" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Foundation-board-danish-lakhani-4.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1770" style="width:222px;height:222px"/></figure></div> <h4 class="wp-block-heading mb-0">Mr Danish A. Lakhani</h4> <h4 class="wp-block-heading mb-0 mt-0"> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="wp-image-4117" style="width: 40px;" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/HK-House-symbol.png" alt=""> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="wp-image-4116" style="width: 40px;" src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/AU-House-symbol.png" alt=""></h4> <h4 class="wp-block-heading mt-0">(Pakistan)</h4> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </main> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site-footer"> <div class="bg-line"><span></span></div> <div class="copy-right grid-container"> <div class="custom-social "> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/APNICFoundation/" class="facebook-social" target="_blank"><img src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/themes/foundation/img/facebook.png"/><a/> <a href="https://twitter.com/ApnicFoundation" target="_blank"><img src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/themes/foundation/img/twitter.png"/><a/> </div> <div class="footer-menu"><ul id="menu-footer" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-773" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home menu-item-773"><a href="https://apnic.foundation/">Home</a></li> <li id="menu-item-771" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-771"><a href="https://apnic.foundation/privacy/">Privacy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-772" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-772"><a href="https://apnic.foundation/contact/">Contact</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1473" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1473"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.apnic.net/about-apnic/transparency/whistleblowing">Whistleblower Policy</a></li> </ul></div> <span>©</span> <span>APNIC Foundation</span> </div> </div> <a title="Scroll back to top" aria-label="Scroll back to top" rel="nofollow" href="#" class="generate-back-to-top" data-scroll-speed="400" data-start-scroll="300" role="button"> <span class="gp-icon icon-arrow-up"><svg viewBox="0 0 330 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-miterlimit="1.414"><path d="M305.863 314.916c0 2.266-1.133 4.815-2.832 6.514l-14.157 14.163c-1.699 1.7-3.964 2.832-6.513 2.832-2.265 0-4.813-1.133-6.512-2.832L164.572 224.276 53.295 335.593c-1.699 1.7-4.247 2.832-6.512 2.832-2.265 0-4.814-1.133-6.513-2.832L26.113 321.43c-1.699-1.7-2.831-4.248-2.831-6.514s1.132-4.816 2.831-6.515L158.06 176.408c1.699-1.7 4.247-2.833 6.512-2.833 2.265 0 4.814 1.133 6.513 2.833L303.03 308.4c1.7 1.7 2.832 4.249 2.832 6.515z" fill-rule="nonzero" /></svg></span> </a><script id="generate-a11y">!function(){"use strict";if("querySelector"in document&&"addEventListener"in window){var e=document.body;e.addEventListener("mousedown",function(){e.classList.add("using-mouse")}),e.addEventListener("keydown",function(){e.classList.remove("using-mouse")})}}();</script><style id='core-block-supports-inline-css'> .wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-2{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-4{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-5{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-6{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8{flex-wrap:nowrap;} </style>  <script id="generate-menu-js-extra"> var generatepressMenu = {"toggleOpenedSubMenus":"1","openSubMenuLabel":"Open Sub-Menu","closeSubMenuLabel":"Close Sub-Menu"}; </script> <script src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/themes/generatepress/assets/js/menu.min.js?ver=3.5.1" id="generate-menu-js"></script> <script id="generate-dropdown-click-js-extra"> var generatepressDropdownClick = {"openSubMenuLabel":"Open Sub-Menu","closeSubMenuLabel":"Close Sub-Menu"}; </script> <script src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/themes/generatepress/assets/js/dropdown-click.min.js?ver=3.5.1" id="generate-dropdown-click-js"></script> <script id="generate-navigation-search-js-extra"> var generatepressNavSearch = {"open":"Open Search Bar","close":"Close Search Bar"}; </script> <script src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/themes/generatepress/assets/js/navigation-search.min.js?ver=3.5.1" id="generate-navigation-search-js"></script> <script id="generate-back-to-top-js-extra"> var generatepressBackToTop = {"smooth":"1"}; </script> <script src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/themes/generatepress/assets/js/back-to-top.min.js?ver=3.5.1" id="generate-back-to-top-js"></script> <script src="https://apnic.foundation/wp-content/themes/foundation/dist/main/main.js?v=d5f9feb5b45963f9d27846b0fba8562b967e73ac5fd6dc0786d95bfaebe8235c"></script> </body> </html>