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<div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Mrežno mjesto"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Sadržaj" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sadržaj</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">premjesti</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Prvi_Bohrov_postulat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prvi_Bohrov_postulat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Prvi Bohrov postulat</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Prvi_Bohrov_postulat-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Sadržaj cjeline Prvi Bohrov postulat</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Prvi_Bohrov_postulat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Drugi_Bohrov_postulat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Drugi_Bohrov_postulat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Drugi Bohrov postulat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Drugi_Bohrov_postulat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zaključak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zaključak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Zaključak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zaključak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bohrov_model_nuklearnih_procesa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bohrov_model_nuklearnih_procesa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Bohrov model nuklearnih procesa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bohrov_model_nuklearnih_procesa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Izvori" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izvori"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Izvori</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izvori-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaz sadržaja stranice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaz sadržaja stranice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bohrov model atoma</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Idi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupan je na 69 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-69" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">69 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohrsches_Atommodell" title="Bohrsches Atommodell – švicarski njemački" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Bohrsches Atommodell" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="švicarski njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modelo_atomico_de_Bohr" title="Modelo atomico de Bohr – aragonski" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Modelo atomico de Bohr" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B0%D8%AC_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1" title="نموذج بور – arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نموذج بور" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modelu_at%C3%B3micu_de_Bohr" title="Modelu atómicu de Bohr – asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Modelu atómicu de Bohr" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bor_modeli" title="Bor modeli – azerbajdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Bor modeli" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Бораўская мадэль атама – bjeloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Бораўская мадэль атама" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bjeloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Модел на Бор – bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Модел на Бор" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2" title="বোর মডেল – bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বোর মডেল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohrov_model_atoma" title="Bohrov model atoma – bosanski" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Bohrov model atoma" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_at%C3%B2mic_de_Bohr" title="Model atòmic de Bohr – katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Model atòmic de Bohr" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohr%C5%AFv_model_atomu" title="Bohrův model atomu – češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bohrův model atomu" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohrs_atommodel" title="Bohrs atommodel – danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Bohrs atommodel" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohrsches_Atommodell" title="Bohrsches Atommodell – njemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bohrsches Atommodell" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CF%80%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%84%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%81" title="Ατομικό πρότυπο του Μπορ – grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ατομικό πρότυπο του Μπορ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohr_model" title="Bohr model – engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Bohr model" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modelo_at%C3%B3mico_de_Bohr" title="Modelo atómico de Bohr – španjolski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Modelo atómico de Bohr" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španjolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohri_aatomiteooria" title="Bohri aatomiteooria – estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Bohri aatomiteooria" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohrren_eredu_atomikoa" title="Bohrren eredu atomikoa – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bohrren eredu atomikoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%84_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1" title="مدل بور – perzijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مدل بور" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohrin_atomimalli" title="Bohrin atomimalli – finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Bohrin atomimalli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le_de_Bohr" title="Modèle de Bohr – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Modèle de Bohr" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samhail_Bohr" title="Samhail Bohr – irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Samhail Bohr" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modelo_at%C3%B3mico_de_Bohr" title="Modelo atómico de Bohr – galicijski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Modelo atómico de Bohr" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AC%E0%AB%89%E0%AA%B9%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%8B_%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%A6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A7%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%A4" title="બૉહરનો સિદ્ધાંત – gudžaratski" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="બૉહરનો સિદ્ધાંત" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gudžaratski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%93%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%95%D7%94%D7%A8" title="מודל האטום של בוהר – hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מודל האטום של בוהר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%81_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B2" title="बोर का परमाणु मॉडल – hindski" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बोर का परमाणु मॉडल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohr-f%C3%A9le_atommodell" title="Bohr-féle atommodell – mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Bohr-féle atommodell" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%B4%D5%B8%D5%A4%D5%A5%D5%AC" title="Բորի մոդել – armenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բորի մոդել" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_Bohr" title="Model Bohr – indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Model Bohr" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modello_atomico_di_Bohr" title="Modello atomico di Bohr – talijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Modello atomico di Bohr" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="talijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9C%E3%83%BC%E3%82%A2%E3%81%AE%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B" title="ボーアの原子模型 – japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ボーアの原子模型" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ბორის მოდელი – gruzijski" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბორის მოდელი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80_%D2%9B%D0%B0%D2%93%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Бор қағидалары – kazaški" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Бор қағидалары" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B3%B4%EC%96%B4_%EB%AA%A8%ED%98%95" title="보어 모형 – korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="보어 모형" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boro_teorija" title="Boro teorija – litavski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Boro teorija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litavski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bora_atoma_uzb%C5%ABves_modelis" title="Bora atoma uzbūves modelis – latvijski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Bora atoma uzbūves modelis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Боров модел – makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Боров модел" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BC_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%83%E0%B4%95" title="ബോർ മാതൃക – malajalamski" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബോർ മാതൃക" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80" title="बोरची अणूची प्रतिकृती – marathski" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="बोरची अणूची प्रतिकृती" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_Bohr" title="Model Bohr – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Model Bohr" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atoommodel_van_Bohr" title="Atoommodel van Bohr – nizozemski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Atoommodel van Bohr" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atommodell" title="Atommodell – norveški nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Atommodell" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveški nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohrs_atommodell" title="Bohrs atommodell – norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bohrs atommodell" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%B2" title="ਬੋਹਰ ਮਾਡਲ – pandžapski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬੋਹਰ ਮਾਡਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_atomu_Bohra" title="Model atomu Bohra – poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Model atomu Bohra" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%DB%81%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%88%D9%84" title="بوہر ماڈل – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بوہر ماڈل" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81tomo_de_Bohr" title="Átomo de Bohr – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Átomo de Bohr" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modelul_atomic_Bohr" title="Modelul atomic Bohr – rumunjski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Modelul atomic Bohr" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Боровская модель атома – ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Боровская модель атома" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mud%C3%A8llu_at%C3%B2micu_di_Bohr" title="Mudèllu atòmicu di Bohr – sicilijski" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Mudèllu atòmicu di Bohr" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohr_model" title="Bohr model – škotski" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Bohr model" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="škotski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohrov_model_atoma" title="Bohrov model atoma – srpsko-hrvatski" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Bohrov model atoma" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srpsko-hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohr_model" title="Bohr model – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Bohr model" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohrov_model_at%C3%B3mu" title="Bohrov model atómu – slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Bohrov model atómu" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohrov_model_atoma" title="Bohrov model atoma – slovenski" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Bohrov model atoma" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Боров модел атома – srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Боров модел атома" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohrs_atommodell" title="Bohrs atommodell – švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bohrs atommodell" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF" title="போர் அணு மாதிரி – tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="போர் அணு மாதிரி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE" title="బోర్ నమూనా – teluški" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="బోర్ నమూనా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="teluški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="แบบจำลองของโปร์ – tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แบบจำลองของโปร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modelong_Bohr" title="Modelong Bohr – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Modelong Bohr" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohr_modeli" title="Bohr modeli – turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bohr modeli" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Атомна модель Бора – ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Атомна модель Бора" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bor_postulatlari" title="Bor postulatlari – uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Bor postulatlari" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B4_h%C3%ACnh_Bohr" title="Mô hình Bohr – vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mô hình Bohr" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E5%B0%94%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B" title="玻尔模型 – wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="玻尔模型" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E5%B0%94%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B" title="玻尔模型 – kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="玻尔模型" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E7%88%BE%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B" title="玻爾模型 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="玻爾模型" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E7%88%BE%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B" title="玻爾模型 – kantonski" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="玻爾模型" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q172948#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Poveznice na druge jezike" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi poveznice</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Bohr_atom_model.svg/375px-Bohr_atom_model.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Bohr_atom_model.svg/500px-Bohr_atom_model.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="310" data-file-height="270" /></a><figcaption>U pojednostavljenom Bohrovom modelu atoma <a href="/wiki/Vodik" title="Vodik">vodika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balmerova_serija" title="Balmerova serija">Balmerova serija</a> nastaje skokom <a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">elektrona</a> na drugu energetsku razinu (n=2). Prikazana je emisija <a href="/wiki/Svjetlost" title="Svjetlost">svjetlosti</a>. Prijelaz elektrona predstavlja H-alfa, prvu liniju Balmerove serije, <a href="/wiki/Valna_duljina" title="Valna duljina">valne duljine</a> 656 <a href="/wiki/Metar" title="Metar">nm</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Visible_spectrum_of_hydrogen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Visible_spectrum_of_hydrogen.jpg/250px-Visible_spectrum_of_hydrogen.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Visible_spectrum_of_hydrogen.jpg/375px-Visible_spectrum_of_hydrogen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Visible_spectrum_of_hydrogen.jpg/500px-Visible_spectrum_of_hydrogen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2337" data-file-height="240" /></a><figcaption>Vidljivi dio <a href="/wiki/Vodikove_spektralne_linije" title="Vodikove spektralne linije">spektralnih linija vodika</a> prestavljene <a href="/wiki/Balmerova_serija" title="Balmerova serija">Balmerovom serijom</a>. <b>H-alfa</b> je crvena linija na desno. Dvije krajnje lijeve linije su ultraljubičaste, jer imaju valnu duljinu kraću od 400 nm.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Rutherford_atomic_planetary_model.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Rutherford_atomic_planetary_model.svg/250px-Rutherford_atomic_planetary_model.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Rutherford_atomic_planetary_model.svg/375px-Rutherford_atomic_planetary_model.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Rutherford_atomic_planetary_model.svg/500px-Rutherford_atomic_planetary_model.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Rutherfordov_model_atoma" title="Rutherfordov model atoma">Rutherfordov model atoma</a> ili planetarni model atoma: <a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">elektroni</a> (zeleno) i <a href="/wiki/Atomska_jezgra" title="Atomska jezgra">atomska jezgra</a> (crveno).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Atome_bohr_couches_electroniques_KLM.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Atome_bohr_couches_electroniques_KLM.svg/250px-Atome_bohr_couches_electroniques_KLM.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Atome_bohr_couches_electroniques_KLM.svg/375px-Atome_bohr_couches_electroniques_KLM.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Atome_bohr_couches_electroniques_KLM.svg/500px-Atome_bohr_couches_electroniques_KLM.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="124" /></a><figcaption>Bohrov model atoma koji prikazuje najveći <a href="/wiki/Elektronska_konfiguracija" title="Elektronska konfiguracija">broj elektrona po ljuskama</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Elektroneneinfang_(2_Phasen).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Elektroneneinfang_%282_Phasen%29.png/250px-Elektroneneinfang_%282_Phasen%29.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="500" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Elektroneneinfang_%282_Phasen%29.png/375px-Elektroneneinfang_%282_Phasen%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Elektroneneinfang_%282_Phasen%29.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Elektronski_uhvat" title="Elektronski uhvat">Elektronski uhvat</a> prikazan Bohrovim modelom atoma.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Bohrov model atoma</b> je dopuna <a href="/wiki/Rutherfordov_model_atoma" title="Rutherfordov model atoma">Rutherfordovog modela atoma</a> s dva <a href="/wiki/Postulat" title="Postulat">postulata</a> i time je uspio objasniti <a href="/wiki/Elektronska_konfiguracija" title="Elektronska konfiguracija">strukturu elektronskog omotača</a> i procese <a href="/wiki/Emisijski_spektar" title="Emisijski spektar">emisije</a> i <a href="/wiki/Apsorpcijska_spektroskopija" title="Apsorpcijska spektroskopija">apsorpcije svjetlosti</a>. Ideju <a href="/wiki/Kvant" title="Kvant">kvantizacije</a>, koju su <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">M. Planck</a> i <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">A. Einstein</a> uveli za <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnetsko_zra%C4%8Denje" title="Elektromagnetsko zračenje">elektromagnetsko zračenje</a> (<a href="/wiki/Foton" title="Foton">foton</a>), <a href="/wiki/Niels_Bohr" title="Niels Bohr">N. Bohr</a> je primijenio na <a href="/wiki/Rutherfordov_model_atoma" title="Rutherfordov model atoma">Rutherfordov planetni model vodikova atoma</a> i objašnjavajući izmjerene <a href="/wiki/Valna_duljina" title="Valna duljina">valne duljine</a> u <a href="/wiki/Spektar_(fizika)" title="Spektar (fizika)">spektru</a> atomskoga vodika izveo <a href="/wiki/Na%C4%8Delo_korespondencije" title="Načelo korespondencije">načelo korespondencije</a> koje povezuje <a href="/wiki/Klasi%C4%8Dna_mehanika" title="Klasična mehanika">klasičnu fiziku</a> i <a href="/wiki/Kvantna_mehanika" title="Kvantna mehanika">kvantnu fiziku</a>. U tu svrhu postavio je <a href="/wiki/Hipoteza" title="Hipoteza">hipotezu</a> da se <a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">elektron</a> može gibati oko <a href="/wiki/Atomska_jezgra" title="Atomska jezgra">atomske jezgre</a> samo po onim kružnim <a href="/wiki/Putanja" title="Putanja">putanjama</a> za koje je <a href="/wiki/Kutna_koli%C4%8Dina_gibanja" title="Kutna količina gibanja">kutna količina gibanja</a> cjelobrojni višekratnik veličine <i>h/2π</i>, gdje je <i>h</i> <a href="/wiki/Planckova_konstanta" title="Planckova konstanta">Planckova konstanta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HE_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HE-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Na taj način dobio je fizikalnu sliku atoma koja se naziva Bohrov model atoma. U tom modelu elektron se može gibati oko jezgre samo po kružnim putanjama određenih polumjera: r<sub>1</sub> = <i>a</i>, r<sub>2</sub> = 4 <i>a</i>, r<sub>3</sub> = 9 <i>a</i>, i tako dalje, ili općenito po putanjama polumjera <i>r<sub>n</sub> = n<sup>2</sup>a</i>, gdje je <i>a</i> = 0,53 · 10<sup>–10</sup> <a href="/wiki/Metar" title="Metar">m</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bohrov_radijus" title="Bohrov radijus">Bohrov radijus</a>) i <i>n</i> je cijeli broj. <a href="/wiki/Energija" title="Energija">Energija</a> <a href="/wiki/Vodik" title="Vodik">vodikova</a> atoma u stanju s polumjerom <i>r<sub>n</sub> = n<sup>2</sup>a</i> iznosi <i>E<sub>n</sub></i> = –13,6 <a href="/wiki/EV" class="mw-redirect" title="EV">eV</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HE_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HE-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vodikov atom emitira <a href="/wiki/Kvant" title="Kvant">kvant</a> elektromagnetskog zračenja (<a href="/wiki/Foton" title="Foton">foton</a>), kada elektron prelazi s neke više, <i>n</i>-te Bohrove putanje energije <i>E<sub>n</sub></i>, na neku nižu <i>m</i>-tu energije <i>E<sub>m</sub></i>, i pritom emitira foton energije: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle E_{nm}=E_{n}-E_{m}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle E_{nm}=E_{n}-E_{m}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1bafea9a28a6a9fefc0750014fe501905cd2c983" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:16.639ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle E_{nm}=E_{n}-E_{m}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Iako se poslije pokazalo da Bohrov model može objasniti samo spektar vodikova atoma, imao je golemu važnost u razvoju fizike kao prvi pokušaj da se ideja o kvantizaciji primijeni na atome.<sup id="cite_ref-HE_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HE-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prvi_Bohrov_postulat">Prvi Bohrov postulat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bohrov_model_atoma&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odlomak: Prvi Bohrov postulat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bohrov_model_atoma&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Prvi Bohrov postulat"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Elektron ne može kružiti oko <a href="/wiki/Atomska_jezgra" title="Atomska jezgra">jezgre</a> po bilo kojim stazama, već samo po onima s točno određenim <a href="/wiki/Kvant" title="Kvant">kvantiziranim</a> stanjima. To su takozvane dopuštene ili stacionarne staze; gibajući se po njima elektron se nalazi u stacionarnom stanju, ne gubi energiju zračenjem <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnetski_valovi" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektromagnetski valovi">elektromagnetskih valova</a>. Dopuštene su samo one staze na kojim je orbitalni moment količine gibanja cjelobrojni višekratnik reducirane <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Planckove</a> konstante, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n=h/2\pi }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n=h/2\pi }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a66a531be2ee061d684653892c79a38bea7cbb8b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:9.489ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n=h/2\pi }"></span>, odnosno, Bohr je izrazom <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle L=r_{n}m_{e}v_{n}=n\hslash }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>L</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mi>ℏ</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle L=r_{n}m_{e}v_{n}=n\hslash }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b5ea873a6c055614e73281301d6e154e9ce8b8ec" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:18.133ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle L=r_{n}m_{e}v_{n}=n\hslash }"></span>, gdje je <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \hslash }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>ℏ</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \hslash }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0810255ebcc67974a992bb0e2fadf3d1fb3d7d1a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.306ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \hslash }"></span> reducirana <a href="/wiki/Planckova_konstanta" title="Planckova konstanta">Planckova konstanta</a> ili <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \hslash ={\dfrac {h}{2\pi }}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>ℏ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mfrac> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mstyle> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \hslash ={\dfrac {h}{2\pi }}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5875b23542f9f426cabde0678805c0a6da90264d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:7.736ex; height:5.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \hslash ={\dfrac {h}{2\pi }}}"></span>, kvantizirao gibanje elektrona u atomu. <a href="/wiki/Prirodni_broj" title="Prirodni broj">Prirodni broj</a> n=1,2,3... se naziva i <b>glavni kvantni broj</b>. </p><p>Ako sada zaključimo da je <a href="/wiki/Centripetalna_sila" title="Centripetalna sila">centripetalna sila</a> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle F=m{\frac {v^{2}}{r}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>F</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mi>v</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>r</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle F=m{\frac {v^{2}}{r}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0cee547ebd54d0caff60118c0bb83c21671ffc06" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:9.898ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle F=m{\frac {v^{2}}{r}}}"></span>, gdje je <i>m</i> <a href="/wiki/Masa" title="Masa">masa</a>, <i>v</i> <a href="/wiki/Brzina" title="Brzina">brzina</a> a <i>r</i> <a href="/wiki/Radijus" class="mw-redirect" title="Radijus">radijus</a>, koja se javlja pri kruženju elektrona u atomu, zapravo ništa drugo nego <a href="/wiki/Coulombov_zakon" title="Coulombov zakon">Coulombova sila</a> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle F={\frac {1}{4\pi \varepsilon _{0}}}{\frac {e^{2}}{r^{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>F</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>π</mi> <msub> <mi>ε</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle F={\frac {1}{4\pi \varepsilon _{0}}}{\frac {e^{2}}{r^{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7f578019c03275298c6fc8df36e8e64bed4fa755" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:13.281ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle F={\frac {1}{4\pi \varepsilon _{0}}}{\frac {e^{2}}{r^{2}}}}"></span>, gdje je <i>e</i> naboj elektrona, a <i>r</i> polumjer, slijedi izvod za polumjer kružne putanje: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {m_{e}v^{2}}{r}}={\frac {1}{4\pi \varepsilon _{0}}}{\frac {e^{2}}{r^{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msup> <mi>v</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> <mi>r</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>π</mi> <msub> <mi>ε</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {m_{e}v^{2}}{r}}={\frac {1}{4\pi \varepsilon _{0}}}{\frac {e^{2}}{r^{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/38422a08308d41500cf22b597f60de08508ee2af" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:17.597ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {m_{e}v^{2}}{r}}={\frac {1}{4\pi \varepsilon _{0}}}{\frac {e^{2}}{r^{2}}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>a jer je <a href="/wiki/Koli%C4%8Dina_gibanja" title="Količina gibanja">količina gibanja</a> jednaka <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p^{2}=v^{2}m_{e}^{2}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>p</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi>v</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msubsup> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p^{2}=v^{2}m_{e}^{2}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c70ddac06e3092a15bbc111622c99140cc11e871" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:10.688ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p^{2}=v^{2}m_{e}^{2}}"></span>, slijed da je: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {1}{4\pi \varepsilon _{0}}}{\frac {e^{2}}{r^{2}}}={\frac {p^{2}}{m_{e}r}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>π</mi> <msub> <mi>ε</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mi>p</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mrow> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {1}{4\pi \varepsilon _{0}}}{\frac {e^{2}}{r^{2}}}={\frac {p^{2}}{m_{e}r}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9c62a745e33e036b2cab210f5af42bc5711e610a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:16.464ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {1}{4\pi \varepsilon _{0}}}{\frac {e^{2}}{r^{2}}}={\frac {p^{2}}{m_{e}r}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Ako lijevu i desnu strane jednadžbe pomnožimo sa <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle m_{e}r^{3}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle m_{e}r^{3}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/033739bdc7ea34cb8ddb92fbe6a8f2ae3340d0a3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:5.142ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle m_{e}r^{3}}"></span> imamo: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {m_{e}}{4\pi \varepsilon _{0}}}e^{2}r=p^{2}r^{2}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>π</mi> <msub> <mi>ε</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>r</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi>p</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {m_{e}}{4\pi \varepsilon _{0}}}e^{2}r=p^{2}r^{2}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/806bdf77ad339db397e7f8c9b97f52f122b9f6be" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:16.08ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {m_{e}}{4\pi \varepsilon _{0}}}e^{2}r=p^{2}r^{2}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Prema kvantnom uvjetu, na desnu stranu jednadžbe umjesto <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p^{2}r^{2}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>p</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p^{2}r^{2}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/313ff418b485589e41593716c24ef1d217d16c9b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:4.416ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p^{2}r^{2}}"></span> uvrstimo <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle (n{\frac {h}{2\pi }})^{2}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle (n{\frac {h}{2\pi }})^{2}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f9e00355469ff517faaa2c5e8f95266c4bf006a9" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:7.589ex; height:5.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle (n{\frac {h}{2\pi }})^{2}}"></span> jer je <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p=m_{e}v}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mi>v</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p=m_{e}v}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/65ad78bc714ea75ce191cbef897f5cc380c76ed5" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:8.524ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p=m_{e}v}"></span>, a reducirana konstanta <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {h}{2\pi }}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {h}{2\pi }}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/53cd92063dbbd40ed487b2b37192398772fbb223" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:3.331ex; height:5.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {h}{2\pi }}}"></span>: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {m_{e}}{4\pi \varepsilon _{0}e^{2}r}}=(n{\frac {h}{2\pi }}^{2})}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>π</mi> <msub> <mi>ε</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {m_{e}}{4\pi \varepsilon _{0}e^{2}r}}=(n{\frac {h}{2\pi }}^{2})}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/41ecd01031c066b4038d0c60398c691364fad241" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:19.342ex; height:6.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {m_{e}}{4\pi \varepsilon _{0}e^{2}r}}=(n{\frac {h}{2\pi }}^{2})}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Iz te jednadžbe izvučimo polumjer: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle r=n^{2}{\frac {h^{2}}{4\pi ^{2}}}{\frac {4\pi \varepsilon _{0}}{m_{e}e^{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>r</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi>n</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mi>h</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <msup> <mi>π</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>π</mi> <msub> <mi>ε</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle r=n^{2}{\frac {h^{2}}{4\pi ^{2}}}{\frac {4\pi \varepsilon _{0}}{m_{e}e^{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/021b30ed983625357c3f2fcec378d60000b916ae" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:16.996ex; height:6.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle r=n^{2}{\frac {h^{2}}{4\pi ^{2}}}{\frac {4\pi \varepsilon _{0}}{m_{e}e^{2}}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>gdje je <i>n</i> kvantni broj koji može poprimiti vrijednosti n=1,2,3, ... Bohr je ovu jednadžbu skratio uvevši oznaku <i>a</i>, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle a={\frac {h^{2}\varepsilon _{0}}{\pi e^{2}m_{e}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>a</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <msup> <mi>h</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msub> <mi>ε</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>π</mi> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle a={\frac {h^{2}\varepsilon _{0}}{\pi e^{2}m_{e}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/88f33d9bc57cd7780c9a3342c6940ee1f03ec304" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:11.673ex; height:6.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle a={\frac {h^{2}\varepsilon _{0}}{\pi e^{2}m_{e}}}}"></span>, koja označava najmanji mogući polumjer kružne putanje; tako da se jednadžba može zapisati i kao <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle r_{n}=n^{2}a}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi>n</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>a</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle r_{n}=n^{2}a}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f3f7535b05cbb72f39f6a2e973d44de2763b0397" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:9.044ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle r_{n}=n^{2}a}"></span>. Vidimo da su vrijednosti koje sačinjavaju <i>a</i> konstante, pa je samim tim i <i>a</i> konstanta i iznosi <i>a</i>=0,53*10<sup>-10</sup> metara i naziva se <a href="/wiki/Bohrov_radijus" title="Bohrov radijus">Bohrovim polumjerom</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Drugi_Bohrov_postulat">Drugi Bohrov postulat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bohrov_model_atoma&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odlomak: Drugi Bohrov postulat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bohrov_model_atoma&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Drugi Bohrov postulat"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Atom apsorbira (upije) zračenje samo kada primi određeni kvant energije i emitira određeni kvant energije kada prelazi iz jednog stacionarnog stanja u drugo (to jest kada prelazi iz stanja više energije u stanje niže). Atom ne može sponatno preći iz stanja niže u stanje više energije, nego tek kada biva pogođen s određenim kvantom energije (fotonom). Prelazak iz višeg stanja u niže je spontan događaj, uokviren statističkom prirodom, pri čemu se emitira kvant energija (foton). Frekvencija emitiranog fotona pri spontanom prelasku iz višeg u niže energetsko stanje dana je jednadžbom: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle h\cdot \nu =E_{m}-E_{n}\longrightarrow \nu ={\frac {E_{m}-E_{n}}{h}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>h</mi> <mo>⋅</mo> <mi>ν</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">⟶</mo> <mi>ν</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mi>h</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle h\cdot \nu =E_{m}-E_{n}\longrightarrow \nu ={\frac {E_{m}-E_{n}}{h}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/11bd33f574f1275181f520a22b3bc8d01e88c94f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:35.94ex; height:5.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle h\cdot \nu =E_{m}-E_{n}\longrightarrow \nu ={\frac {E_{m}-E_{n}}{h}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>gdje je <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle E}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>E</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle E}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4232c9de2ee3eec0a9c0a19b15ab92daa6223f9b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.776ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle E}"></span> energija fotona i <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle E_{m}>E_{n}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>></mo> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle E_{m}>E_{n}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/94d3a72e97a081b2324d926cde6b1c2d5708e296" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:9.422ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle E_{m}>E_{n}}"></span>, a <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \nu }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>ν</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \nu }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c15bbbb971240cf328aba572178f091684585468" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.232ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \nu }"></span> je frekvencija fotona. Dakle, apsorpcijom fotona dolazi do eksitacije atoma - prelaska atoma iz niže u više energetsko stanje, a spontanom emisijom fotona dolazi do prijelaza atoma iz višeg u niže energetsko stanje. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zaključak"><span id="Zaklju.C4.8Dak"></span>Zaključak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bohrov_model_atoma&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odlomak: Zaključak" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bohrov_model_atoma&action=edit&section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Zaključak"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bohr se u svojim postulatima poslužio <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Planckovom</a> teorijom o kvantu energije. Važno je uočiti da je Bohr potvrdio <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Einsteinovu</a> formulaciju elektromagnetske svjetlosti kao roja <a href="/wiki/Foton" title="Foton">fotona</a> ili kvantna energije. Zbog toga što je uveo stacionarne staze, Bohr je oslobodio <a href="/wiki/Rutherfordov_model_atoma" title="Rutherfordov model atoma">planetarnog modela atoma</a> (model atoma koji prikazuje atom kao sustav "Sunce-planeti" u kojem elektroni kruže oko jezgre) starog problema iz klasične elektrodinamike koji je upućivao na to da bi elektron morao emitirati kontuniurani spektar <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnetsko_zra%C4%8Denje" title="Elektromagnetsko zračenje">elektromagnetskih valova</a> i time gubiti energiju dok se napokon ne bi urušio u jezgru. Još jedan dokaz u prilog stacionarnih staza su linijski spektri atoma, od kojih je najpoznatija Pascheonova, Balmerova i Lymanova serija vodikova spektra, koje je Bohr riješio svojim postulatima. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bohrov_model_nuklearnih_procesa">Bohrov model nuklearnih procesa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bohrov_model_atoma&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odlomak: Bohrov model nuklearnih procesa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bohrov_model_atoma&action=edit&section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Bohrov model nuklearnih procesa"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="margin-left:0.3rem"><i><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7016135">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Vista-xmag.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/18px-Vista-xmag.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/27px-Vista-xmag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/36px-Vista-xmag.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> Podrobniji članak o temi: <a href="/wiki/Atomska_jezgra" title="Atomska jezgra">Atomska jezgra</a></div></i></div> <p>Godine 1935. postavio je <a href="/wiki/Niels_Bohr" title="Niels Bohr">N. Bohr</a> razvidan model pretvorbi atomskih jezgri, koji dobro tumači opažane reakcije. Po Bohru u pretvorbama atomskih jezgri možemo pronaći 3 koraka: 1. <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cestica" class="mw-redirect" title="Čestica">čestica</a> koja ulazi kao <a href="/wiki/Projektil" title="Projektil">projektil</a> ulazi u atomsku jezgru. Zbog kratkog dometa <a href="/wiki/Jaka_nuklearna_sila" title="Jaka nuklearna sila">nuklearnih sila</a>, projektil ima uzajamno djelovanje samo s nekoliko sastavnih čestica jezgre. On se "sudara" s njima, prenosi na njih svoju <a href="/wiki/Kineti%C4%8Dka_energija" title="Kinetička energija">kinetičku energiju</a>. Ove čestice dalje uzajamno djeluju s drugim česticama. Poslije nekog vremena <a href="/wiki/Energija" title="Energija">energija</a> projektila jednoliko se raspodjeljuje po čitavoj jezgri. S druge strane, projektil je izgubio toliko energije da više ne može umaći iz jezgre. On ostaje u jezgri. Ako je projektil spori <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">neutron</a>, on biva pri ulazu u jezgru snažno ubrzan od nuklearnih sila. Energija spajanja neutrona iznosi oko 8 M<a href="/wiki/EV" class="mw-redirect" title="EV">eV</a>. Tolika energija je jezgri privedena kad ona uhvati spori neutron. 2. time što projektil ostaje u jezgri nastaje složena atomska jezgra koja traje relativno dugo vrijeme. Dugo vrijeme znači tu dugo prema vremenu što bi projektilu trebalo da projuri kroz jezgru. Složenu jezgru koja se nalazi u energetski višem, pobuđenom stanju možemo promatrati kao <a href="/wiki/Toplina" title="Toplina">toplinski sustav</a>. Privedena energija raspodjeljuje se na čestice po poznatom statističkom zakonu. Ako energija pobuđenja iznosi oko oko 10 MeV, tad temperatura jezgre iznosi 10<sup>10</sup> apsolutnih stupnjeva. No, prema statističkom zakonu kolebanja, poslije izvjesnog vremena energija pobuđenja opet će se velikim dijelom koncentrirati na jednoj čestici. Time ovo međustanje prestaje. 3. čestica koja je skupila dovoljno energije otrgne se od jezgre. Atomska jezgra je izvršila pretvorbu. Očito je da je ovaj posljednji čin nezavisan od toga na koji je način proizvedena složena jezgra. Oba događaja da projektil pogodi jezgru i da se složena međujezgra raspadne nezavisni su jedan od drugog. Prema tome je i vjerojatnost neke pretvorbe produkt vjerojatnosti stvaranja i raspadanja složene međujezgre. </p><p>Jedan poznati primjer pokazat će nam na koliko različitih načina može biti stvorena međujezgra: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {}_{11}^{23}\mathrm {Na} +{}_{2}^{4}\mathrm {He} \rightarrow {}_{13}^{27}\mathrm {Al} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>11</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>23</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>13</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>27</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {}_{11}^{23}\mathrm {Na} +{}_{2}^{4}\mathrm {He} \rightarrow {}_{13}^{27}\mathrm {Al} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7bde8004143e01d90a244371e8a2c32b9ace5b3d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:19.332ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {}_{11}^{23}\mathrm {Na} +{}_{2}^{4}\mathrm {He} \rightarrow {}_{13}^{27}\mathrm {Al} }"></span></dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {}_{12}^{25}\mathrm {Mg} +{}_{1}^{2}\mathrm {H} \rightarrow {}_{13}^{27}\mathrm {Al} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>12</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>25</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">M</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>13</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>27</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {}_{12}^{25}\mathrm {Mg} +{}_{1}^{2}\mathrm {H} \rightarrow {}_{13}^{27}\mathrm {Al} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2f17f00b8b2b497bcbb89806762ef6d8537974d6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:18.688ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {}_{12}^{25}\mathrm {Mg} +{}_{1}^{2}\mathrm {H} \rightarrow {}_{13}^{27}\mathrm {Al} }"></span></dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {}_{12}^{25}\mathrm {Mg} +{}_{1}^{1}\mathrm {H} \rightarrow {}_{13}^{27}\mathrm {Al} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>12</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>25</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">M</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>13</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>27</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {}_{12}^{25}\mathrm {Mg} +{}_{1}^{1}\mathrm {H} \rightarrow {}_{13}^{27}\mathrm {Al} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/25591953e40c72500d73959a0eb929c24504b3fd" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:18.688ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {}_{12}^{25}\mathrm {Mg} +{}_{1}^{1}\mathrm {H} \rightarrow {}_{13}^{27}\mathrm {Al} }"></span></dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {}_{13}^{27}\mathrm {Al} +\gamma \rightarrow {}_{13}^{27}\mathrm {Al} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>13</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>27</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>γ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>13</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>27</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {}_{13}^{27}\mathrm {Al} +\gamma \rightarrow {}_{13}^{27}\mathrm {Al} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b1356d0508007aac30e350479f749e634306b5dd" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:16.249ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {}_{13}^{27}\mathrm {Al} +\gamma \rightarrow {}_{13}^{27}\mathrm {Al} }"></span></dd></dl> <p>Bez obzira na to kako je nastala, složena jezgra može se dalje raspasti: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {}_{13}^{27}\mathrm {Al} \rightarrow {}_{13}^{26}\mathrm {Al} +{}_{0}^{1}\mathrm {n} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>13</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>27</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>13</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>26</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {}_{13}^{27}\mathrm {Al} \rightarrow {}_{13}^{26}\mathrm {Al} +{}_{0}^{1}\mathrm {n} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d55cd619ee4b73e7770bd47c2c13037effed98f2" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:17.334ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {}_{13}^{27}\mathrm {Al} \rightarrow {}_{13}^{26}\mathrm {Al} +{}_{0}^{1}\mathrm {n} }"></span></dd></dl> <p><a href="/wiki/Vjerojatnost" title="Vjerojatnost">Vjerojatnost</a> tog procesa zavisi smo od složene međujezgre. Vjerojatnost pretvorbe atomske jezgre umnožak je, dakle, dviju vjerojatnosti, vjerojatnost tvorbe i vjerojatnosti raspada složene jezgre. </p><p>Bohrov model pokazuje kako se na osnovu vrlo jednostavnih i općih predodžbi može postići razumijevanje vrlo složenih procesa kod pretvorbi atomskih jezgri. Ujedno vidimo kako su dalekosežni osnovni klasični zakoni u fizičkim procesima.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Izvori">Izvori</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bohrov_model_atoma&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odlomak: Izvori" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bohrov_model_atoma&action=edit&section=5" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Izvori"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6541845">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-HE-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-HE_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HE_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HE_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7012897">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"»""«"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciklopedija.hr/Natuknica.aspx?ID=8431">Bohr, Niels</a>. <i>Hrvatska enciklopedija</i>. Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža. 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hrvatska+enciklopedija&rft.atitle=Bohr%2C+Niels&rft.date=2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.enciklopedija.hr%2FNatuknica.aspx%3FID%3D8431&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhr.wikipedia.org%3ABohrov+model+atoma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Supek" title="Ivan Supek">Ivan Supek</a>: "Nova fizika", Školska knjiga Zagreb, 1966.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div style="padding:3px"><div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; width:2em; font-family:serif; font-size:180%; padding-right:3px; letter-spacing:-0.1em; background:#f0e0b0">HE</div><div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; font-size:82%; padding-left:3px">Dio sadržaja ove stranice preuzet je iz mrežnog izdanja <a href="/wiki/Hrvatska_enciklopedija_(LZMK)" title="Hrvatska enciklopedija (LZMK)">Hrvatske enciklopedije</a> i nije slobodan za daljnju upotrebu pod uvjetima Wikipedijine licencije o sadržaju. Uvjete upotrebe uz <a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Dopu%C5%A1tenja_za_kori%C5%A1tenje_sadr%C5%BEaja/Ustanove#Leksikografski_zavod_"Miroslav_Krleža"" title="Wikipedija:Dopuštenja za korištenje sadržaja/Ustanove">dano nam pojašnjenje</a> pogledajte na <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciklopedija.hr/Upute/">stranici Leksikografskog zavoda</a></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Dobavljeno iz "<a dir="ltr" href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bohrov_model_atoma&oldid=6908826">https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bohrov_model_atoma&oldid=6908826</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Kategorije" title="Posebno:Kategorije">Kategorije</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Sadr%C5%BEaj_preuzet_iz_Hrvatske_enciklopedije" title="Kategorija:Sadržaj preuzet iz Hrvatske enciklopedije">Sadržaj preuzet iz Hrvatske enciklopedije</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Kvantna_mehanika" title="Kategorija:Kvantna mehanika">Kvantna mehanika</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Fizikalna_kemija" title="Kategorija:Fizikalna kemija">Fizikalna kemija</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ova stranica posljednji je put uređivana 11. travnja 2024. u 13:01.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst je dostupan pod licencijom <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.hr">Creative Commons: Imenuj autora/Dijeli pod istim uvjetima</a>; mogu se primjenjivati i dodatni uvjeti. 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