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</ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Gerrymandering</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 45 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-45" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">45 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afbakeningsknoeiery" title="Afbakeningsknoeiery - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Afbakeningsknoeiery" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="جرمندرة - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جرمندرة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Джэрымэндэрынг - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Джэрымэндэрынг" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Джеримандъринг - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Джеримандъринг" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerrymandering" title="Gerrymandering - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gerrymandering" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerrymandering" title="Gerrymandering - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Gerrymandering" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad-drefnu_tueddol" title="Ad-drefnu tueddol - gallese" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ad-drefnu tueddol" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerrymandering" title="Gerrymandering - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Gerrymandering" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerrymandering" title="Gerrymandering - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gerrymandering" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerrymandering" title="Gerrymandering - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Gerrymandering" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerrymander" title="Gerrymander - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Gerrymander" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerrymandering" title="Gerrymandering - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gerrymandering" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valijavalimine" title="Valijavalimine - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Valijavalimine" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerrymandering" title="Gerrymandering - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gerrymandering" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DA%98%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="کژحوزه‌بندی - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کژحوزه‌بندی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerrymanderointi" title="Gerrymanderointi - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Gerrymanderointi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerrymandering" title="Gerrymandering - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gerrymandering" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%98%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%A7%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A2%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%95%D7%96%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%94" title="הטיה בקביעת מחוזות בחירה - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הטיה בקביעת מחוזות בחירה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerrymandering" title="Gerrymandering - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Gerrymandering" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A1laszt%C3%B3ker%C3%BClet-manipul%C3%A1ci%C3%B3" title="Választókerület-manipuláció - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Választókerület-manipuláció" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8B%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A3" title="Ջերիմենդերինգ - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ջերիմենդերինգ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pembatasan_daerah_pemilihan" title="Pembatasan daerah pemilihan - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pembatasan daerah pemilihan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kj%C3%B6rd%C3%A6mahagr%C3%A6%C3%B0ing" title="Kjördæmahagræðing - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kjördæmahagræðing" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B2%E3%83%AA%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3%E3%83%80%E3%83%BC" title="ゲリマンダー - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ゲリマンダー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B2%8C%EB%A6%AC%EB%A7%A8%EB%8D%94%EB%A7%81" title="게리맨더링 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="게리맨더링" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Жерримандеризм - mongolo" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Жерримандеризм" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerimander" title="Gerimander - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Gerimander" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiesrechtgeografie" title="Kiesrechtgeografie - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kiesrechtgeografie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerrymandering" title="Gerrymandering - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Gerrymandering" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerrymandering" title="Gerrymandering - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Gerrymandering" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88%D8%B1%D9%86%DA%AF" title="گیری مینڈرنگ - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="گیری مینڈرنگ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerrymandering" title="Gerrymandering - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gerrymandering" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerrymandering" title="Gerrymandering - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Gerrymandering" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Джерримендеринг - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Джерримендеринг" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEerimandering" title="Džerimandering - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Džerimandering" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerrymandering" title="Gerrymandering - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Gerrymandering" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerrymandering" title="Gerrymandering - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Gerrymandering" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volilna_geometrija" title="Volilna geometrija - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Volilna geometrija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Џеримандеринг - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Џеримандеринг" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerrymander" title="Gerrymander - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gerrymander" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D" title="கெர்ரிமாண்டரிங் - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கெர்ரிமாண்டரிங்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%9A" title="การแบ่งเขตเลือกตั้งแบบเอาเปรียบ - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การแบ่งเขตเลือกตั้งแบบเอาเปรียบ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stratejik_taksimat" title="Stratejik taksimat - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Stratejik taksimat" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Джеррімендеринг - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джеррімендеринг" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li 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class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r133964453">.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-div>div,.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div>div{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-image{flex-basis:52px;flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div .hide-when-compact{display:block}</style><div style="" class="ambox metadata noprint plainlinks avviso avviso-generico"> <div class="avviso-immagine mbox-image noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Puzzle_stub.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Abbozzo"><img alt="Abbozzo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Puzzle_stub.svg/45px-Puzzle_stub.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Puzzle_stub.svg/68px-Puzzle_stub.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Puzzle_stub.svg/90px-Puzzle_stub.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="avviso-testo mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-div"><b>Questa voce  sull'argomento elezioni è solo un <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Abbozzo" title="Aiuto:Abbozzo">abbozzo</a></b>.<br /> <div style="font-size:90%;"><a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gerrymandering&action=edit">Contribuisci</a> a migliorarla secondo le <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Manuale_di_stile" title="Aiuto:Manuale di stile">convenzioni di Wikipedia</a>. </div> <div class="hide-when-compact"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p>Il <i><b>gerrymandering</b></i> (parola <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglese" title="Lingua inglese">inglese</a> che nasce dalla fusione di due termini, <i>Gerry</i>, nome proprio, e <i>salamander</i>, "salamandra") è un metodo ingannevole per ridisegnare i confini dei collegi nel <a href="/wiki/Sistema_elettorale_maggioritario" class="mw-redirect" title="Sistema elettorale maggioritario">sistema elettorale maggioritario</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:How_to_Steal_an_Election_-_Gerrymandering.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/How_to_Steal_an_Election_-_Gerrymandering.svg/langit-220px-How_to_Steal_an_Election_-_Gerrymandering.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/How_to_Steal_an_Election_-_Gerrymandering.svg/langit-330px-How_to_Steal_an_Election_-_Gerrymandering.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/How_to_Steal_an_Election_-_Gerrymandering.svg/langit-440px-How_to_Steal_an_Election_-_Gerrymandering.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="576" /></a><figcaption>Un'immagine esplicativa degli effetti del fenomeno detto <i>gerrymandering</i></figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Storia">Storia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerrymandering&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Storia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerrymandering&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Storia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ideatore di questo sistema di ridisegno dei collegi è stato il <a href="/wiki/Sistema_politico_degli_Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Sistema politico degli Stati Uniti d'America">politico statunitense</a> <a href="/wiki/Elbridge_Gerry" title="Elbridge Gerry">Elbridge Gerry</a> (1744-1814), allora <a href="/wiki/Governatore_del_Massachusetts" title="Governatore del Massachusetts">governatore del Massachusetts</a>; questi, sapendo che all'interno di una certa regione (dipartimento o stato) ci possono essere parti della popolazione (ben localizzabili) favorevoli a un partito o a un politico (ad esempio, seguendo le dicotomie centro/periferia, giovani/vecchi, ceto basso/ceto medio o alto), disegnò un nuovo <a href="/wiki/Circoscrizione_elettorale" title="Circoscrizione elettorale">collegio elettorale</a> con confini particolarmente tortuosi, per incorporarvi parti della popolazione a lui favorevoli ed escludendo porzioni a lui sfavorevoli, al fine di garantire un'ipotetica rielezione. Le linee di tale collegio erano così irregolari e tortuose da farlo sembrare a forma di salamandra (da qui la seconda parte del termine "salamander", appunto "salamandra" in inglese).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Di particolare importanza storica per le conseguenze che ha avuto riguardo ai <i><a href="/wiki/Troubles" class="mw-redirect" title="Troubles">troubles</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Irlanda_del_Nord" title="Irlanda del Nord">Irlanda del Nord</a> fu il <i>gerrymandering</i> operato dagli <a href="/wiki/Unionismo_in_Irlanda" title="Unionismo in Irlanda">unionisti</a> nella città di <a href="/wiki/Derry" title="Derry">Derry</a> per garantirsi la maggioranza nel governo cittadino.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nella_giurisprudenza_costituzionale">Nella giurisprudenza costituzionale</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerrymandering&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Nella giurisprudenza costituzionale" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerrymandering&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Nella giurisprudenza costituzionale"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il <i>gerrymandering</i>, nel <a href="/wiki/Sistema_politico_degli_Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Sistema politico degli Stati Uniti d'America">sistema politico degli Stati Uniti</a>, ha dato luogo a uno dei primi casi in cui i giudici abbandonarono la tradizionale deferenza verso il legislatore elettorale, proclamando l'<a href="/wiki/Incostituzionalit%C3%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Incostituzionalità">incostituzionalità</a> delle modifiche «<i>motivated by invidious partisan intent</i>» ("motivate da un'intenzione detestabile e di parte"): la legge demanda direttamente la competenza a un collegio di tre giudici<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> e, in appello contro di esso, alla <a href="/wiki/Corte_suprema_degli_Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Corte suprema degli Stati Uniti d'America">Corte suprema</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerrymandering&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerrymandering&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ilpost.it/2015/03/17/gerrymandering/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Come vincere le elezioni col gerrymandering</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Il_Post" title="Il Post">Il Post</a></span>, 17 marzo 2015. <small>URL consultato il 3 aprile 2015</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/recent/troubles/the_troubles_article_01.shtml"><span style="font-style:italic;">The Troubles, 1963 to 1985</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">bbc.co.uk</span>, <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>, 1º febbraio 2007. <small>URL consultato il 15 luglio 2022</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/28/2284"><span style="font-style:italic;">28 U.S. Code § 2284 - Three-judge court; when required; composition; procedure</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">law.cornell.edu</span>, Cornell Law School. <small>URL consultato il 15 luglio 2022</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Alan Blinder e Michael Wines, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/09/us/north-carolina-gerrymander.html?emc=edit_na_20180109&nl=breaking-news&nlid=32291497&ref=headline"><span style="font-style:italic;">North Carolina Congressional Map Ruled Unconstitutionally Gerrymandered</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a></span>, 9 gennaio 2018. <small>URL consultato il 15 luglio 2022</small>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerrymandering&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerrymandering&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <a href="/wiki/Domenico_Fisichella" title="Domenico Fisichella">Domenico Fisichella</a>, <span style="font-style:italic;">Elezioni e democrazia. Un'analisi comparata</span>, Bologna, Il Mulino, 1982, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/88-15-03873-6" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/88-15-03873-6">88-15-03873-6</a>.</cite> Nuove edizioni: 2003, <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/8815091009" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 88-15-09100-9</a>, e 2008, <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/9788815128201" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-88-15-12820-1</a>.</li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/gerrymandering_(Lessico-del-XXI-Secolo)/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Voce dedicata al Gerrymandering nell'enciclopedia Treccani</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">treccani.it</span>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Francesco Dini, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://123dok.org/article/amnesia-strutturale-gerrymandering-involontari-e-dimensioni-geografiche-ottime.dy41x3ky"><span style="font-style:italic;">Amnesia strutturale, gerrymandering involontari e dimensioni geografiche ottime</span></a>, in M. Castelnovi (a cura di), <span style="font-style:italic;">Il riordino territoriale dello Stato. Riflessioni e proposte della geografia italiana</span>, Roma, Società Geografica Italiana, 2013, pp. 91-102. <small>URL consultato il 4 luglio 2022</small>. Ospitato su <i>123dok.org</i>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Benjamin E. Griffith, <span style="font-style:italic;">Annual Report of the Election Law and Reapportionment Subcommittees—Colorblind Jurisprudence: The Demise of Racial Rorschachism and Separatism</span>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">The Urban Lawyer</span>, vol. 30, n. 4, American Bar Association, autunno 1998, pp. 995-1022.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Erica Klarreich, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.quantamagazine.org/the-mathematics-behind-gerrymandering-20170404/"><span style="font-style:italic;">How to Quantify (and Fight) Gerrymandering. The Mathematics Behind Gerrymandering</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Quanta Magazine</span>, 4 aprile 2017. <small>URL consultato il 24 giugno 2017</small>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/recent/troubles/the_troubles_article_01.shtml"><span style="font-style:italic;">The Troubles, 1963 to 1985</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">bbc.co.uk</a></span>, 1º febbraio 2007. <small>URL consultato il 4 luglio 2022</small>.</cite></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerrymandering&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerrymandering&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Gerrymandering"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Gerrymandering?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Gerrymandering?uselang=it">gerrymandering</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerrymandering&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerrymandering&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com_topic/gerrymandering" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Brian Duignan, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/gerrymandering"><span style="font-style:italic;">gerrymandering</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q476310#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com_topic/racial-gerrymandering" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/racial-gerrymandering"><span style="font-style:italic;">racial gerrymandering</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q476310#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; 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