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chronic effect</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: acute and chronic effect"> <meta name="keywords" content="acute and chronic effect"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="acute and chronic effect"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 16493</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: acute and chronic effect</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16493</span> An Experimental Test of the Effects of Acute and Chronic Stress on Maternal Sensitivity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mindy%20A.%20Brown">Mindy A. Brown</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emma%20E.%20Reardon"> Emma E. Reardon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jennifer%20Isenhour"> Jennifer Isenhour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheila%20E.%20Crowell"> Sheila E. Crowell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Lee%20Raby"> K. Lee Raby</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elisabeth%20Conradt"> Elisabeth Conradt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The positive impact of maternal sensitivity on infant social and emotional development is well-known, as is the notion that stress may impair a mother’s ability to provide sensitive care for her infant. However, individual differences in susceptibility to parenting-related stress are less understood. This study explores how chronic prenatal stress moderates the effect of acute stressors on maternal sensitivity. Data were gathered from 110 mothers and their 7-month-old infants. Mothers were exposed to either an acute stress task or a control task, after which they engaged in the still-face paradigm, a face-to-face interaction where maternal sensitivity was measured. Chronic maternal stress was assessed using the UCLA Life Stress Interview during the third trimester of pregnancy. The results revealed that among mothers exposed to the stress condition, those with higher chronic stress levels in the previous six months displayed significantly lower sensitivity during the still-face paradigm compared to those with lower chronic stress. Notably, past stress levels had no effect on maternal sensitivity in the control condition. These findings suggest a moderating effect of chronic stress on maternal caregiving behavior, with higher prenatal stress diminishing a mother’s ability to cope with acute parenting-related stressors in the present. The mechanisms behind this may involve changes in stress reactivity pathways, such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis or altered emotion regulation strategies developed in response to chronic stress. Understanding these pathways could guide targeted interventions for mothers who may be more vulnerable to stress, improving caregiving outcomes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20stress" title="acute stress">acute stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maternal%20stress" title=" maternal stress"> maternal stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20stress" title=" prenatal stress"> prenatal stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=still-face%20paradigm" title=" still-face paradigm"> still-face paradigm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192161/an-experimental-test-of-the-effects-of-acute-and-chronic-stress-on-maternal-sensitivity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192161.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">24</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16492</span> Chronic and Sub-Acute Lumbosacral Radiculopathies Behave Differently to Repeated Back Extension Exercises</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sami%20Alabdulwahab">Sami Alabdulwahab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Repeated back extension exercises (RBEEs) are among the management options for symptoms associated with lumbosacral radiculopathy (LSR). RBEEs have been reported to cause changes in the distribution and intensity of radicular symptoms caused by possible compression/decompression of the compromised nerve root. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the RBEEs on the neurophysiology of the compromised nerve root and on standing mobility and pain intensity in patients with sub-acute and chronic LSR. Methods: A total of 40 patients with unilateral sub-acute/chronic lumbosacral radiculopathy voluntarily participated in the study; the patients performed 3 sets of 10 RBEEs in the prone position with 1 min of rest between the sets. The soleus H-reflex, standing mobility and pain intensity were recorded before and after the RBEEs. Results: The results of the study showed that the RBEEs significantly improved the H-reflex, standing mobility and pain intensity in patients with sub-acute LSR (p<0.01); there was not a significant improvement in the patients with chronic LSR (p<0.61). Conclusion: RBEEs in prone position is recommended for improving the neurophysiological function of the compromised nerve root and standing mobility in patients with sub-acute LSR. Implication: Sub-acute and chronic LSR responded differently to RBEEs. Sub-acute LSR appear to have flexible and movable disc structures, which could be managed with RBEEs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=h-reflex" title="h-reflex">h-reflex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=back%20extension" title=" back extension"> back extension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lumbosacral%20radiculopathy" title=" lumbosacral radiculopathy"> lumbosacral radiculopathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pain" title=" pain"> pain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34951/chronic-and-sub-acute-lumbosacral-radiculopathies-behave-differently-to-repeated-back-extension-exercises" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34951.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">478</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16491</span> Acute and Chronic Effect of Biopesticide on Infestation of Whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) on the Culantro Cultivation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=U.%20Pangnakorn">U. Pangnakorn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Chuenchooklin"> S. Chuenchooklin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Acute and chronic effects of biopesticide from entomopathogenic nematode (<em>Steinernema thailandensis</em> n. sp.), bacteria ISR (<em>Pseudomonas fluorescens</em>), wood vinegar and fermented organic substances from plants: (neem <em>Azadirachta indica</em> + citronella grass <em>Cymbopogon nardus </em>Rendle + bitter bush <em>Chromolaena odorata </em>L<em>.</em>) were tested on culantro (<em>Eryngium foetidum</em> L.). The biopesticide was investigated for infestation reduction of the major insect pest whitefly (<em>Bemisia tabaci</em> (Gennadius)). The experimental plots were located at a farm in Nakhon Sawan Province, Thailand. This study was undertaken during the drought season (late November to May). Effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated in terms of acute and chronic effect. The populations of whitefly were observed and recorded every hour up to 3 hours with insect nets and yellow sticky traps after the treatments were applied for the acute effect. The results showed that bacteria ISR had the highest effectiveness for controlling whitefly infestation on culantro; the whitefly numbers on insect nets were 12.5, 10.0 and 7.5 after 1 hr, 2 hr, and 3 hr, respectively while the whitefly on yellow sticky traps showed 15.0, 10.0 and 10.0 after 1 hr, 2 hr, and 3 hr, respectively. For chronic effect, the whitefly was continuously collected and recorded at weekly intervals; the result showed that treatment of bacteria ISR found the average whitefly numbers only 8.06 and 11.0 on insect nets and sticky traps respectively, followed by treatment of nematode where the average whitefly was 9.87 and 11.43 on the insect nets and sticky traps, respectively. In addition, the minor insect pests were also observed and collected. The biopesticide influenced the reduction number of minor insect pests (red spider mites, beet armyworm, short-horned grasshopper, pygmy locusts, etc.) with only a few found on the culantro cultivation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=whitefly%20%28Bemisia%20tabaci%20Gennadius%29" title="whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius)">whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culantro%20%28Eryngium%20foetidum%20L.%29" title=" culantro (Eryngium foetidum L.)"> culantro (Eryngium foetidum L.)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20and%20chronic%20effect" title=" acute and chronic effect"> acute and chronic effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entomopathogenic%20nematode%20%28Steinernema%20thailandensis%20n.%20sp.%29" title=" entomopathogenic nematode (Steinernema thailandensis n. sp.)"> entomopathogenic nematode (Steinernema thailandensis n. sp.)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria%20ISR%20%28Pseudomonas%20fluorescens%29" title=" bacteria ISR (Pseudomonas fluorescens)"> bacteria ISR (Pseudomonas fluorescens)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43237/acute-and-chronic-effect-of-biopesticide-on-infestation-of-whitefly-bemisia-tabaci-gennadius-on-the-culantro-cultivation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43237.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">281</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16490</span> Synthetic Dermal Template Use in the Reconstruction of a Chronic Scalp Wound</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephanie%20Cornish">Stephanie Cornish</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of synthetic dermal templates, also known as dermal matrices, such as PolyNovo® Biodegradable Temporising Matrix (BTM), has been well established in the reconstruction of acute wounds with a full thickness defect of the skin. Its use has become common place in the treatment of full thickness burns and is not unfamiliar in the realm of necrotising fasciitis, free flap donor site reconstruction, and the management of acute traumatic wounds. However, the use of dermal templates for more chronic wounds is rare. The authors present the successful use of BTM in the reconstruction of a chronic scalp wound following the excision of a malignancy and multiple previous failed attempts at repair, thus demonstrating the potential for an increased scope of use. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dermal%20template" title="dermal template">dermal template</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BTM" title=" BTM"> BTM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic" title=" chronic"> chronic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scalp%20wound" title=" scalp wound"> scalp wound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reconstruction" title=" reconstruction"> reconstruction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152147/synthetic-dermal-template-use-in-the-reconstruction-of-a-chronic-scalp-wound" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152147.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">91</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16489</span> STAT6 Mediates Local and Systemic Fibrosis and Type Ii Immune Response via Macrophage Polarization during Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis in Murine Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hager%20Elsheikh">Hager Elsheikh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthias%20Sendler"> Matthias Sendler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juliana%20Glaubnitz"> Juliana Glaubnitz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In pancreatitis, an inflammatory reaction occurs in the pancreatic secretory cells due to premature activation of proteases, leading to pancreatic self-digestion and necrotic cell death of acinar cells. Acute pancreatitis in patients is characterized by a severe immune reaction that could lead to serious complications, such as organ failure or septic shock, if left untreated. Chronic pancreatitis is a recurrence of episodes of acute pancreatitis resulting in a fibro-inflammatory immune response, in which the type 2 immune response is primarily driven by AAMs in the pancreas. One of the most important signaling pathways for M2 macrophage activation is the IL-4/STAT6 pathway. Pancreatic fibrosis is induced by the hyperactivation of pancreatic stellate cells by dysregulation in the inflammatory response, leading to further damage, autodigestion and possibly necrosis of pancreatic acinar cells. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of STAT6 knockout in disease severity and development of fibrosis wound healing in the presence of different macrophage populations, regulated by the type 2 immune response, after inducing chronic and/or acute pancreatitis in mice models via cerulean injection. We further investigate the influence of the JAK/STAT6 signaling pathway on the balance of fibrosis and regeneration in STAT6 deficient and wild-type mice. The characterization of resident and recruited macrophages will provide insight into the influence of the JAK/STAT6 signaling pathway on infiltrating cells and, ultimately, tissue fibrosis and disease severity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20and%20chronic%20pancreatitis" title="acute and chronic pancreatitis">acute and chronic pancreatitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissue%20regeneration" title=" tissue regeneration"> tissue regeneration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macrophage%20polarization" title=" macrophage polarization"> macrophage polarization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gastroenterology" title=" Gastroenterology"> Gastroenterology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173320/stat6-mediates-local-and-systemic-fibrosis-and-type-ii-immune-response-via-macrophage-polarization-during-acute-and-chronic-pancreatitis-in-murine-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173320.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">68</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16488</span> A Rare Case of Endometriosis Lesion in Caecum Causing Acute Small Bowel Obstruction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Freda%20Halim">Freda Halim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Endometriosis in bowel is rare condition, about 3-37% of endometriosis cases. Most of bowel endometriosis rising in the rectosigmoid (90% of bowel endometriosis). The incidence of caecal endometriosis is very low ( < 5% of bowel endometriosis) and almost never causing acute small bowel obstruction. The aim of this paper is to show that although bowel obstruction caused by caecal endometriosis is difficult to diagnose as it is rare, and may require laparotomy to make definite diagnosis, but it should be considered in infertile female patient. The case is 37 years old woman infertile woman with intestinal obstruction with pre-operative diagnosis total acute small bowel obstruction caused by right colonic mass, with sepsis as the complication. Before the acute small bowel obstruction, she complained of chronic right lower quadrant pain with chronic constipation alternate with chronic diarrhea, symptoms that happened both in bowel endometriosis and colorectal malignancy. She also complained of chronic pelvic pain and dysmenorrhea. She was married for 10 years with no child. The patient was never diagnosed with endometriosis and never seek medical attention for infertility and the chronic pelvic pain. The patient underwent Abdominal CT Scan, with results: massive small bowel obstruction, and caecal mass that causing acute small bowel obstruction. Diagnosis of acute small bowel obstruction due to right colonic mass was made, and exploratory laparotomy was performed in the patient. During the laparotomy, mass at caecum and ileocaecal that causing massive small bowel obstruction was found and standard right hemicolectomy and temporary ileostomy were performed. The pathology examination showed ectopic endometriosis lesions in caecum and ileocaecal valve. The histopathology also confirmed with the immunohistochemistry, in which positive ER, PR, CD 10 and CD7 was found the ileocaecal and caecal mass. In the second operation, reanastomosis of the ileum was done 3 months after the first operation. The chronic pelvic pain is decreasing dramatically after the first and second operation. In conclusion, although bowel obstruction caused by caecal endometriosis is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction, but it can be considered as a cause in infertile female patient <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute" title="acute">acute</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bowel%20obstruction" title=" bowel obstruction"> bowel obstruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caecum" title=" caecum"> caecum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endometriosis" title=" endometriosis"> endometriosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84561/a-rare-case-of-endometriosis-lesion-in-caecum-causing-acute-small-bowel-obstruction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84561.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16487</span> Evaluation of Insulin Sensitizing Effects of Different Fractions from Total Alcoholic Extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. Bark in Dexamethasone-Induced Insulin Resistant Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasanpasha%20N.%20Sholapur">Hasanpasha N. Sholapur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Basanagouda%20M.Patil"> Basanagouda M.Patil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Alcoholic extract of the bark of Moringa oleifera Lam. (MO), (Moringaceae), has been evaluated experimentally in the past for its insulin sensitizing potentials. In order to explore the possibility of the class of phytochemical(s) responsible for this experimental claim, the alcoholic extract was fractionated into non-polar [petroleum ether (PEF)], moderately non-polar [ethyl acetate (EAF)] and polar [aqueous (AQF)] fractions. All the fractions and pioglitazone (PIO) as standard (10mg/kg were p.o., once daily for 11 d) were investigated for their chronic effect on fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, insulin, oral glucose tolerance and acute effect on oral glucose tolerance in dexamethasone-induced (1 mg/kg s.c., once daily for 11 d) chronic model and acute model (1 mg/kg i.p., for 4 h) respectively for insulin resistance (IR) in rats. Among all the fractions tested, chronic treatment with EAF (140 mg/kg) and PIO (10 mg/kg) prevented dexamethasone-induced IR, indicated by prevention of hypertriglyceridemia, hyperinsulinemia and oral glucose intolerance, whereas treatment with AQF (95 mg/kg) prevented hepatic IR but not peripheral IR. In acute study single dose treatment with EAF (140 mg/kg) and PIO (10 mg/kg) prevented dexamethasone-induced oral glucose intolerance, fraction PEF did not show any effect on these parameters in both the models. The present study indicates that the triterpenoidal and the phenolic class of phytochemicals detected in EAF of alcoholic extract of MO bark may be responsible for the prevention of dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance in rats. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moringa%20oleifera" title="Moringa oleifera">Moringa oleifera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulin%20resistance" title=" insulin resistance"> insulin resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dexamethasone" title=" dexamethasone"> dexamethasone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=serum%20triglyceride" title=" serum triglyceride"> serum triglyceride</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulin" title=" insulin"> insulin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral%20glucose%20tolerance%20test" title=" oral glucose tolerance test"> oral glucose tolerance test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15644/evaluation-of-insulin-sensitizing-effects-of-different-fractions-from-total-alcoholic-extract-of-moringa-oleifera-lam-bark-in-dexamethasone-induced-insulin-resistant-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15644.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">372</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16486</span> Investigating Acute and Chronic Pain after Bariatric Surgery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patti%20Kastanias">Patti Kastanias</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei%20Wang"> Wei Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karyn%20Mackenzie"> Karyn Mackenzie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandra%20Robinson"> Sandra Robinson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Susan%20Wnuk"> Susan Wnuk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Obesity is a worldwide epidemic and is recognized as a chronic disease. Pain in the obese individual is a multidimensional issue. An increase in BMI is positively correlated with pain incidence and severity, especially in central obesity where individuals are twice as likely to have chronic pain. Both obesity and chronic pain are also associated with mood disorders. Pain is worse among obese individuals with depression and anxiety. Bariatric surgery provides patients with an effective solution for long-term weight loss and associated health problems. However, not much is known about acute and chronic pain after bariatric surgery and its contributing factors, including mood disorders. Nurse practitioners (NPs) at one large multidisciplinary bariatric surgery centre led two studies to examine acute and chronic pain and pain management over time after bariatric surgery. The purpose of the initial study was to examine the incidence and severity of acute and chronic pain after bariatric surgery. The aim of the secondary study was to further examine chronic pain, specifically looking at psychological factors that influence severity or incidence of both neuropathic and somatic pain as well as changes in opioid use. The initial study was a prospective, longitudinal study where patients having bariatric surgery at one surgical center were followed up to 6 months postop. Data was collected at 7 time points using validated instruments for pain severity, pain interference, and patient satisfaction. In the second study, subjects were followed longitudinally starting preoperatively and then at 6 months and 1 year postoperatively to capture changes in chronic pain and influencing variables over time. Valid and reliable instruments were utilized for all major study outcomes. In the first study, there was a trend towards decreased acute post-operative pain over time. The incidence and severity of chronic pain was found to be significantly reduced at 6 months post bariatric surgery. Interestingly, interference of chronic pain in daily life such as normal work, mood, and walking ability was significantly improved at 6 months postop however; this was not the case with sleep. Preliminary results of the secondary study indicate that pain severity, pain interference, anxiety and depression are significantly improved at 6 months postoperatively. In addition, preoperative anxiety, depression and emotional regulation were predictive of pain interference, but not pain severity. The results of our regression analyses provide evidence for the impact of pre-existing psychological factors on pain, particularly anxiety in obese populations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bariatric%20surgery" title="bariatric surgery">bariatric surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mood%20disorders" title=" mood disorders"> mood disorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title=" obesity"> obesity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pain" title=" pain"> pain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58944/investigating-acute-and-chronic-pain-after-bariatric-surgery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58944.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16485</span> Investigation of Possible Behavioural and Molecular Effects of Mobile Phone Exposure on Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%87.%20G%C3%B6k%C3%A7ek-Sara%C3%A7">Ç. Gökçek-Saraç</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C5%9E.%20%C3%96zen"> Ş. Özen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Derin"> N. Derin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-dependent pathway is the major intracellular signaling pathway implemented in both short- and long-term memory formation in the hippocampus which is the most studied brain structure because of its well documented role in learning and memory. However, little is known about the effects of RF-EMR exposure on NMDA receptor signaling pathway including activation of protein kinases, notably Ca<sup>2+</sup>/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha (CaMKIIα). The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of acute and chronic 900 MHz RF-EMR exposure on both passive avoidance behaviour and hippocampal levels of CaMKIIα and its phosphorylated form (pCaMKIIα). Rats were divided into the following groups: Sham rats, and rats exposed to 900 MHz RF-EMR for 2 h/day for 1 week (acute group) or 10 weeks (chronic group), respectively. Passive avoidance task was used as a behavioural method. The hippocampal levels of selected kinases were measured using Western Blotting technique. The results of passive avoidance task showed that both acute and chronic exposure to 900 MHz RF-EMR can impair passive avoidance behaviour with minor effects on chronic group of rats. The analysis of western blot data of selected protein kinases demonstrated that hippocampal levels of CaMKIIα and pCaMKIIα were significantly higher in chronic group of rats as compared to acute groups. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that different duration times (1 week vs 10 weeks) of 900 MHz RF-EMR exposure have different effects on both passive avoidance behaviour of rats and hippocampal levels of selected protein kinases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hippocampus" title="hippocampus">hippocampus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein%20kinase" title=" protein kinase"> protein kinase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rat" title=" rat"> rat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RF-EMR" title=" RF-EMR"> RF-EMR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68567/investigation-of-possible-behavioural-and-molecular-effects-of-mobile-phone-exposure-on-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68567.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">255</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16484</span> Link Between Intensity-trajectories Of Acute Postoperative Pain And Risk Of Chronicization After Breast And Thoracopulmonary Surgery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beloulou%20Mohamed%20Lamine">Beloulou Mohamed Lamine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fedili%20Benamar"> Fedili Benamar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meliani%20Walid"> Meliani Walid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chaid%20Dalila"> Chaid Dalila</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The risk factors for the chronicization of postoperative pain are numerous and often intricately intertwined. Among these, the severity of acute postoperative pain is currently recognized as one of the most determining factors. Mastectomy and thoracotomy are described as among the most painful surgeries and the most likely to lead to chronic post-surgical pain (CPSP). Objective: To examine the aspects of acute postoperative pain potentially involved in the development of chronic pain following breast and thoracic surgery. Patients and Methods: A prospective study involving 164 patients was conducted over a six-month period. Postoperative pain (during mobilization) was assessed using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at various time points after surgery: Day 0, 1st, 2nd, 5th days, 1st and 6th months. Moderate to severe pain was defined as a VAS score ≥ 4. A comparative analysis (univariate analysis) of postoperative pain intensities at different evaluation phases was performed on patients with and without CPSP to identify potential associations with the risk of chronicization six months after surgery. Results: At the 6th month post-surgery, the incidence of CPSP was 43.0%. Moderate to severe acute postoperative pain (in the first five days) was observed in 64% of patients. The highest pain scores were reported among thoracic surgery patients. Comparative measures revealed a highly significant association between the presence of moderate to severe acute pain, especially lasting for ≥ 48 hours, and the occurrence of CPSP (p-value <0.0001). Likewise, the persistence of subacute pain (up to 4 to 6 weeks after surgery), especially of moderate to severe intensity, was significantly associated with the risk of chronicization at six months (p-value <0.0001). Conclusion: CPSP after breast and thoracic surgery remains a fairly common morbidity that profoundly affects the quality of life. Severe acute postoperative pain, especially if it is prolonged and/or with a slow decline in intensity, can be an important predictive factor for the risk of chronicization. Therefore, more effective and intensive management of acute postoperative pain, as well as longitudinal monitoring of its trajectory over time, should be an essential component of strategies for preventing chronic pain after surgery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20post-surgical%20pain" title="chronic post-surgical pain">chronic post-surgical pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20postoperative%20pain" title=" acute postoperative pain"> acute postoperative pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast%20and%20thoracic%20surgery" title=" breast and thoracic surgery"> breast and thoracic surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subacute%20postoperative%20pain" title=" subacute postoperative pain"> subacute postoperative pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pain%20trajectory" title=" pain trajectory"> pain trajectory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predictive%20factor" title=" predictive factor"> predictive factor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174710/link-between-intensity-trajectories-of-acute-postoperative-pain-and-risk-of-chronicization-after-breast-and-thoracopulmonary-surgery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174710.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16483</span> Evaluation of the Pain of Patients with Chronic Renal Disease in Hemodialysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fabiana%20Souza%20Orlandi">Fabiana Souza Orlandi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izabel%20Cristina%20Chavez%20Gomes"> Izabel Cristina Chavez Gomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Barbara%20Isabela%20De%20Paula%20Morais"> Barbara Isabela De Paula Morais</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Carolina%20Ottaviani"> Ana Carolina Ottaviani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is considered a public health problem. Patients who present CKD in their more advanced stages usually present several biopsychosocial changes, which may include pain. Pain can be considered subjective and personal, and its perception is characterized as a multidimensional experience. The objective of this study was to evaluate the level and descriptors of pain of adults and elderly patients with chronic kidney disease, through the Multidimensional Pain Evaluation Scale (EMADOR). This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 100 subjects with CKD in hemodialysis treatment at a Renal Replacement Therapy Service in the interior of the state of São Paulo. Data were collected through an individual interview, using a Sociodemographic Characterization and Multidimensional Pain Evaluation Scale (EMADOR). All ethical precepts were respected. The majority of the respondents were men (61.0%), white (56.0%) and with a high school education (34.0%). Regarding the pain of the individuals, 89 patients reported pain, with Chronic Pain predominating (50.0%, n = 50), followed by Acute Pain (39.0%, n = 39). Of the subjects who presented acute pain most of the 89.0% described the pain felt as unbearable, and of those who presented chronic pain, 35.0% described the pain felt as painful, unbearable and uncomfortable. It was concluded that there was a significant presence of pain, being the chronic pain dominant in the studied population. Faced with such factors, the present study motivates researches in this population, in order to establish interventions with the objective of improving the quality of life of these individuals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pain" title="pain">pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20kidney%20disease" title=" chronic kidney disease"> chronic kidney disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dialysis" title=" dialysis"> dialysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaluation" title=" evaluation"> evaluation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64905/evaluation-of-the-pain-of-patients-with-chronic-renal-disease-in-hemodialysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64905.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">452</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16482</span> The Type II Immune Response in Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis Mediated by STAT6 in Murine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hager%20Elsheikh">Hager Elsheikh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Context: Pancreatitis is a condition characterized by inflammation in the pancreas, which can lead to serious complications if untreated. Both acute and chronic pancreatitis are associated with immune reactions and fibrosis, which further damage the pancreas. The type 2 immune response, primarily driven by alternative activated macrophages (AAMs), plays a significant role in the development of fibrosis. The IL-4/STAT6 pathway is a crucial signaling pathway for the activation of M2 macrophages. Pancreatic fibrosis is induced by dysregulated inflammatory responses and can result in the autodigestion and necrosis of pancreatic acinar cells. Research Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of STAT6, a crucial molecule in the IL-4/STAT6 pathway, on the severity and development of fibrosis during acute and chronic pancreatitis. The research also aims to understand the influence of the JAK/STAT6 signaling pathway on the balance between fibrosis and regeneration in the presence of different macrophage populations. Methodology: The research utilizes murine models of acute and chronic pancreatitis induced by cerulean injection. Animal models will be employed to study the effect of STAT6 knockout on disease severity and fibrosis. Isolation of acinar cells and cell culture techniques will be used to assess the impact of different macrophage populations on wound healing and regeneration. Various techniques such as PCR, histology, immunofluorescence, and transcriptomics will be employed to analyze the tissues and cells. Findings: The research aims to provide insights into the mechanisms underlying tissue fibrosis and wound healing during acute and chronic pancreatitis. By investigating the influence of the JAK/STAT6 signaling pathway and different macrophage populations, the study aims to understand their impact on tissue fibrosis, disease severity, and pancreatic regeneration. Theoretical Importance: This research contributes to our understanding of the role of specific signaling pathways, macrophage polarization, and the type 2 immune response in pancreatitis. It provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying tissue fibrosis and the potential for targeted therapies. Data Collection and Analysis Procedures: Data will be collected through the use of murine models, isolation and culture of acinar cells, and various experimental techniques such as PCR, histology, immunofluorescence, and transcriptomics. Data will be analyzed using appropriate statistical methods and techniques, and the findings will be interpreted in the context of the research objectives. Conclusion: By investigating the mechanisms of tissue fibrosis and wound healing during acute and chronic pancreatitis, this research aims to enhance our understanding of the disease progression and potential therapeutic targets. The findings have theoretical importance in expanding our knowledge of pancreatic fibrosis and the role of macrophage polarization in the context of the type 2 immune response. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunity%20in%20chronic%20diseases" title="immunity in chronic diseases">immunity in chronic diseases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pancreatitis" title=" pancreatitis"> pancreatitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macrophages" title=" macrophages"> macrophages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immune%20response" title=" immune response"> immune response</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186332/the-type-ii-immune-response-in-acute-and-chronic-pancreatitis-mediated-by-stat6-in-murine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186332.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">34</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16481</span> New Test Algorithm to Detect Acute and Chronic HIV Infection Using a 4th Generation Combo Test</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Barun%20K.%20De">Barun K. De</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by two types of human immunodeficiency viruses, collectively designated HIV. HIV infection is spreading globally particularly in developing countries. Before an individual is diagnosed with HIV, the disease goes through different phases. First there is an acute early phase that is followed by an established or chronic phase. Subsequently, there is a latency period after which the individual becomes immunodeficient. It is in the acute phase that an individual is highly infectious due to a high viral load. Presently, HIV diagnosis involves use of tests that do not detect the acute phase infection during which both the viral RNA and p24 antigen are expressed. Instead, these less sensitive tests detect antibodies to viral antigens which are typically sero-converted later in the disease process following acute infection. These antibodies are detected in both asymptomatic HIV-infected individuals as well as AIDS patients. Studies indicate that early diagnosis and treatment of HIV infection can reduce medical costs, improve survival, and reduce spreading of infection to new uninfected partners. Newer 4th generation combination antigen/antibody tests are highly sensitive and specific for detection of acute and established HIV infection (HIV1 and HIV2) enabling immediate linkage to care. The CDC (Center of Disease Control, USA) recently recommended an algorithm involving three different tests to screen and diagnose acute and established infections of HIV-1 and HIV-2 in a general population. Initially a 4th generation combo test detects a viral antigen p24 and specific antibodies against HIV -1 and HIV-2 envelope proteins. If the test is positive it is followed by a second test known as a differentiation assay which detects antibodies against specific HIV-1 and HIV-2 envelope proteins confirming established infection of HIV-1 or HIV-2. However if it is negative then another test is performed that measures viral load confirming an acute HIV-1 infection. Screening results of a Phoenix area population detected 0.3% new HIV infections among which 32.4% were acute cases. Studies in the U.S. indicate that this algorithm effectively reduces HIV infection through immediate treatment and education following diagnosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20algorithm" title="new algorithm">new algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HIV" title=" HIV"> HIV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnosis" title=" diagnosis"> diagnosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infection" title=" infection"> infection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21147/new-test-algorithm-to-detect-acute-and-chronic-hiv-infection-using-a-4th-generation-combo-test" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21147.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">410</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16480</span> Impact of Two Xenobiotics in Mosquitofish: Gambusia affinis: Several Approaches</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chouahda%20Salima">Chouahda Salima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soltani%20Noureddine"> Soltani Noureddine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study is a part of biological control against mosquitoes. It aims to assess the impact of two xenobiotics (a selective insect growth regulator: halofenozide and heavy metals: cadmium, more toxic and widespread in the region) in mosquitofish: Gambusia affinis. Several approaches were examined: Acute toxicity of cadmium and halofenozide: The acute toxicity of cadmium and halofenozide was examined in juvenile and adult males and females of G. affinis at different concentrations, cadmium causes mortality of the species studied with a relation dose-response. In laboratory conditions, the impact of cadmium was determined on two biomarkers of environmental stress: glutathione and acetylcholinesterase. The results show that the juvenile followed by adult males are more susceptible than adult females, while the halofenozide does not have any effect on the mortality of juvenile and adult males and females of G.affinis. Chronic toxicity of cadmium and halofenozide: both xenobiotics were added to the water fish raising at different doses tested in juveniles and adults males and females during two months of experience. Growth and metric indices; results show that halofenozide added to the water juveniles of G. affinis has no effect on their growth (length and weight). On the other side, the cadmium at the dose 5 µg/L shows a higher toxicity against juvenile, where he appears to reduce significantly their linear growth and weight. In females, the both xenobiotics have significant effects on metric indices, but these effects are more important on the hepatosomatic index that the gonadosomatic index and the coefficient of condition. Biomarkers; acetylcholinesterase (AChE), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione (GSH) used in assessing of environmental stress were measured in juveniles and adults males and females. The response of these biomarkers reveals an inhibition of AChE specific activity, an induction of GST activity, and decrease of GSH rates in juveniles in the end of experiment and during chronic treatment adult males and females. The effect of these biomarkers is more pronounced in females compared to males and juveniles. These different biomarkers have a similar profile for the duration of exposure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gambusia%20affinis" title="gambusia affinis">gambusia affinis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insecticide" title=" insecticide"> insecticide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metal" title=" heavy metal"> heavy metal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphology" title=" morphology"> morphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomarkers" title=" biomarkers"> biomarkers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20toxicity" title=" chronic toxicity"> chronic toxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20toxicity" title=" acute toxicity"> acute toxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title=" pollution"> pollution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39648/impact-of-two-xenobiotics-in-mosquitofish-gambusia-affinis-several-approaches" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39648.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">314</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16479</span> Dynamic Modelling of Hepatitis B Patient Using Sihar Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alakija%20Temitope%20Olufunmilayo">Alakija Temitope Olufunmilayo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akinyemi"> Akinyemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yagba%20Joy"> Yagba Joy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hepatitis is the inflammation of the liver tissue that can cause whiteness of the eyes (Jaundice), lack of appetite, vomiting, tiredness, abdominal pain, diarrhea. Hepatitis is acute if it resolves within 6 months and chronic if it last longer than 6 months. Acute hepatitis can resolve on its own, lead to chronic hepatitis or rarely result in acute liver failure. Chronic hepatitis may lead to scarring of the liver (Cirrhosis), liver failure and liver cancer. Modelling Hepatitis B may become necessary in order to reduce its spread. So, dynamic SIR model can be used. This model consists of a system of three coupled non-linear ordinary differential equation which does not have an explicit formula solution. It is an epidemiological model used to predict the dynamics of infectious disease by categorizing the population into three possible compartments. In this study, a five-compartment dynamic model of Hepatitis B disease was proposed and developed by adding control measure of sensitizing the public called awareness. All the mathematical and statistical formulation of the model, especially the general equilibrium of the model, was derived, including the nonlinear least square estimators. The initial parameters of the model were derived using nonlinear least square embedded in R code. The result study shows that the proportion of Hepatitis B patient in the study population is 1.4 per 1,000,000 populations. The estimated Hepatitis B induced death rate is 0.0108, meaning that 1.08% of the infected individuals die of the disease. The reproduction number of Hepatitis B diseases in Nigeria is 6.0, meaning that one individual can infect more than 6.0 people. The effect of sensitizing the public on the basic reproduction number is significant as the reproduction number is reduced. The study therefore recommends that programme should be designed by government and non-governmental organization to sensitize the entire Nigeria population in order to reduce cases of Hepatitis B disease among the citizens. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hepatitis%20B" title="hepatitis B">hepatitis B</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modelling" title=" modelling"> modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-linear%20ordinary%20differential%20equation" title=" non-linear ordinary differential equation"> non-linear ordinary differential equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sihar%20model" title=" sihar model"> sihar model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensitization" title=" sensitization"> sensitization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171002/dynamic-modelling-of-hepatitis-b-patient-using-sihar-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171002.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16478</span> Detection, Isolation, and Raman Spectroscopic Characterization of Acute and Chronic Staphylococcus aureus Infection in an Endothelial Cell Culture Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Astrid%20Tannert">Astrid Tannert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anuradha%20Ramoji"> Anuradha Ramoji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christina%20Ebert"> Christina Ebert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frederike%20Gladigau"> Frederike Gladigau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lorena%20Tuchscherr"> Lorena Tuchscherr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J%C3%BCrgen%20Popp"> Jürgen Popp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ute%20Neugebauer"> Ute Neugebauer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Staphylococcus aureus is a facultative intracellular pathogen, which by entering host cells may evade immunologic host response as well as antimicrobial treatment. In that way, S. aureus can cause persistent intracellular infections which are difficult to treat. Depending on the strain, S. aureus may persist at different intracellular locations like the phagolysosome. The first barrier invading pathogens from the blood stream that they have to cross are the endothelial cells lining the inner surface of blood and lymphatic vessels. Upon proceeding from an acute to a chronic infection, intracellular pathogens undergo certain biochemical and structural changes including a deceleration of metabolic processes to adopt for long-term intracellular survival and the development of a special phenotype designated as small colony variant. In this study, the endothelial cell line Ea.hy 926 was used as a model for acute and chronic S. aureus infection. To this end, Ea.hy 926 cells were cultured on QIAscout™ Microraft Arrays, a special graded cell culture substrate that contains around 12,000 microrafts of 200 µm edge length. After attachment to the substrate, the endothelial cells were infected with GFP-expressing S. aureus for 3 weeks. The acute infection and the development of persistent bacteria was followed by confocal laser scanning microscopy, scanning the whole Microraft Array for the presence and for detailed determination of the intracellular location of fluorescent intracellular bacteria every second day. After three weeks of infection representative microrafts containing infected cells, cells with protruded infections and cells that did never show any infection were isolated and fixed for Raman micro-spectroscopic investigation. For comparison, also microrafts with acute infection were isolated. The acquired Raman spectra are correlated with the fluorescence microscopic images to give hints about a) the molecular alterations in endothelial cells during acute and chronic infection compared to non-infected cells, and b) metabolic and structural changes within the pathogen when entering a mode of persistence within host cells. We thank Dr. Ruth Kläver from QIAGEN GmbH for her support regarding QIAscout technology. Financial support by the BMBF via the CSCC (FKZ 01EO1502) and from the DFG via the Jena Biophotonic and Imaging Laboratory (JBIL, FKZ PO 633/29-1, BA 1601/10-1) is highly acknowledged. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=correlative%20image%20analysis" title="correlative image analysis">correlative image analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intracellular%20infection" title=" intracellular infection"> intracellular infection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pathogen-host%20adaption" title=" pathogen-host adaption"> pathogen-host adaption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raman%20micro-spectroscopy" title=" Raman micro-spectroscopy"> Raman micro-spectroscopy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79133/detection-isolation-and-raman-spectroscopic-characterization-of-acute-and-chronic-staphylococcus-aureus-infection-in-an-endothelial-cell-culture-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79133.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">181</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16477</span> Correlation between General Intelligence, Emotional Intelligence and Stress Response after One Month Practice of Moderate Intensity Physical Exercise</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohita%20Singh">Mohita Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunil%20Sachdev"> Sunil Sachdev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amrita%20Singh"> Amrita Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Aim: Physical aerobic exercises promote positive changes in one’s mental health, intelligence, and ability to cope with stressful encounters. The present study was designed to explore the correlation between intelligence and stress parameters and to assess the correlation between the same parameters after the practice of one month of moderate-intensity physical exercise. Method: The study was conducted on thirty-five healthy male volunteer students to assess the correlation between stress parameters in subjects with varying level of general intelligence (GI) and emotional intelligence (EI). Correlation studies were again conducted after one month between the same parameters to evaluate the effect of moderate-intensity physical exercise (MIPE). Baseline values were recorded using standard scales. Result: IQ and EQ correlated negatively with both acute and chronic stress parameters and positively with each other. A positive correlation was found between acute and chronic stress. With the practice of one month of moderate-intensity physical exercise, there was significant increment between the parameters under study and hence improved results. Conclusion: MIPE improved correlation between GI, EI, stress parameters, and thus reduced stress and improved intelligence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotional%20intelligence" title="emotional intelligence">emotional intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=general%20intelligence" title=" general intelligence"> general intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moderate%20intensity%20physical%20exercise" title=" moderate intensity physical exercise"> moderate intensity physical exercise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress%20response" title=" stress response"> stress response</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109867/correlation-between-general-intelligence-emotional-intelligence-and-stress-response-after-one-month-practice-of-moderate-intensity-physical-exercise" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109867.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">145</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16476</span> Unsupervised Segmentation Technique for Acute Leukemia Cells Using Clustering Algorithms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20H.%20Harun">N. H. Harun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20S.%20Abdul%20Nasir"> A. S. Abdul Nasir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Y.%20Mashor"> M. Y. Mashor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Hassan"> R. Hassan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Leukaemia is a blood cancer disease that contributes to the increment of mortality rate in Malaysia each year. There are two main categories for leukaemia, which are acute and chronic leukaemia. The production and development of acute leukaemia cells occurs rapidly and uncontrollable. Therefore, if the identification of acute leukaemia cells could be done fast and effectively, proper treatment and medicine could be delivered. Due to the requirement of prompt and accurate diagnosis of leukaemia, the current study has proposed unsupervised pixel segmentation based on clustering algorithm in order to obtain a fully segmented abnormal white blood cell (blast) in acute leukaemia image. In order to obtain the segmented blast, the current study proposed three clustering algorithms which are k-means, fuzzy c-means and moving k-means algorithms have been applied on the saturation component image. Then, median filter and seeded region growing area extraction algorithms have been applied, to smooth the region of segmented blast and to remove the large unwanted regions from the image, respectively. Comparisons among the three clustering algorithms are made in order to measure the performance of each clustering algorithm on segmenting the blast area. Based on the good sensitivity value that has been obtained, the results indicate that moving k-means clustering algorithm has successfully produced the fully segmented blast region in acute leukaemia image. Hence, indicating that the resultant images could be helpful to haematologists for further analysis of acute leukaemia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20leukaemia%20images" title="acute leukaemia images">acute leukaemia images</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clustering%20algorithms" title=" clustering algorithms"> clustering algorithms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20segmentation" title=" image segmentation"> image segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moving%20k-means" title=" moving k-means"> moving k-means</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16129/unsupervised-segmentation-technique-for-acute-leukemia-cells-using-clustering-algorithms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16129.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">291</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16475</span> Preventive Effect of Locoregional Analgesia Techniques on Chronic Post-Surgical Neuropathic Pain: A Prospective Randomized Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beloulou%20Mohamed%20Lamine">Beloulou Mohamed Lamine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bouhouf%20Attef"> Bouhouf Attef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meliani%20Walid"> Meliani Walid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sellami%20Dalila"> Sellami Dalila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lamara%20Abdelhak"> Lamara Abdelhak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Post-surgical chronic pain (PSCP) is a pathological condition with a rather complex etiopathogenesis that extensively involves sensitization processes and neuronal damage. The neuropathic component of these pains is almost always present, with variable expression depending on the type of surgery. Objective: To assess the presumed beneficial effect of Regional Anesthesia-Analgesia Techniques (RAAT) on the development of post-surgical chronic neuropathic pain (PSCNP) in various surgical procedures. Patients and Methods: A comparative study involving 510 patients distributed across five surgical models (mastectomy, thoracotomy, hernioplasty, cholecystectomy, and major abdominal-pelvic surgery) and randomized into two groups: Group A (240) receiving conventional postoperative analgesia and Group B (270) receiving balanced analgesia, including the implementation of a Regional Anesthesia-Analgesia Technique (RAAT). These patients were longitudinally followed over a 6-month period, with post-surgical chronic neuropathic pain (PSCNP) defined by a Neuropathic Pain Score DN2≥ 3. Comparative measurements through univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify associations between the development of PSCNP and certain predictive factors, including the presumed preventive impact (protective effect) of RAAT. Results: At the 6th month post-surgery, 419 patients were analyzed (Group A= 196 and Group B= 223). The incidence of PSCNP was 32.2% (n=135). Among these patients with chronic pain, the prevalence of neuropathic pain was 37.8% (95% CI: [29.6; 46.5]), with n=51/135. It was significantly lower in Group B compared to Group A, with respective percentages of 31.4% vs. 48.8% (p-value = 0.035). The most significant differences were observed in breast and thoracopulmonary surgeries. In a multiple regression analysis, two predictors of PSCNP were identified: the presence of preoperative pain at the surgical site as a risk factor (OR: 3.198; 95% CI [1.326; 7.714]) and RAAT as a protective factor (OR: 0.408; 95% CI [0.173; 0.961]). Conclusion: The neuropathic component of PSCNP can be observed in different types of surgeries. Regional analgesia included in a multimodal approach to postoperative pain management has proven to be effective for acute pain and seems to have a preventive impact on the development of PSCNP and its neuropathic nature or component, particularly in surgeries that are more prone to chronicization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20postsurgical%20pain" title="chronic postsurgical pain">chronic postsurgical pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postsurgical%20chronic%20neuropathic%20pain" title=" postsurgical chronic neuropathic pain"> postsurgical chronic neuropathic pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20anesthesia%20and%20analgesia%20techniques%20%28RAAT%29" title=" regional anesthesia and analgesia techniques (RAAT)"> regional anesthesia and analgesia techniques (RAAT)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuropathic%20pain%20score%20dn2" title=" neuropathic pain score dn2"> neuropathic pain score dn2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preventive%20impact" title=" preventive impact"> preventive impact</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192103/preventive-effect-of-locoregional-analgesia-techniques-on-chronic-post-surgical-neuropathic-pain-a-prospective-randomized-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192103.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">27</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16474</span> Assessment of the Neuroprotective Effect of Oral Hypoglycemic Agents in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Alhusban">A. Alhusban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Alqawasmeh"> M. Alqawasmeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Alfawares"> F. Alfawares</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Diabetes is a chronic health problem and a major risk factor of stroke. A number of therapeutic modalities exist for diabetes management. It’s still unknown whether the different oral hypoglycemic agents would ameliorate the detrimental effect of diabetes on stroke severity. The objective of this work is to assess the effect of pretreatment with oral hypoglycemic agents, insulin and their combination on stroke severity at presentation. Patients and Methods: Patients admitted to the King Abdullah University Hospital (KAUH)-Jordan with ischemic stroke between January 2015 and December 2016 were evaluated and their comorbid diseases, treatment on admission and their neurologic severity was assessed using the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) were documented. Stroke severity was compared for non-diabetic patients and diabetic patients treated with different antidiabetic agents. Results: Data from 324 patients with acute stroke was documented. The median age of participants was 69 years. Diabetes was documented in about 50% of the patients. Multinomial regression analysis identified diabetes treatment status as an independent predictor of neurological severity of stroke (p=0.032). Patients treated with oral hypoglycemic agents had a significantly lower NIHSS as compared to nondiabetic patients and insulin treated patients (p < 0.02). The positive effect of oral hypoglycemic agents was blunted by insulin co-treatment. Insulin did not alter the severity of stroke as compared to non-diabetics. Conclusion: Oral hypoglycemic agents may reduce the severity of neurologic deficit of ischemic stroke and may have neuroprotective effect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes" title="diabetes">diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stroke" title=" stroke"> stroke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuroprotection" title=" neuroprotection"> neuroprotection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral%20hypoglycemic%20agents" title=" oral hypoglycemic agents"> oral hypoglycemic agents</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100618/assessment-of-the-neuroprotective-effect-of-oral-hypoglycemic-agents-in-patients-with-acute-ischemic-stroke" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100618.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">164</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16473</span> Black Soybeans Show Acute and Chronic Liver Protective Functions against CCl4 Induced Liver Damage</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheng-Kuang%20Hsu">Cheng-Kuang Hsu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chih-Hsiang%20Chang"> Chih-Hsiang Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chi-Chih%20Wang"> Chi-Chih Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Black soybeans contain high amount of antioxidants including polyphenols, anthocyanins and flavones. The protective function of black soybean against CCl4 (a strong oxidant) induced acute and chronic liver damage was investigated in vivo using SD rats or ICR mouse. The evaluation of CCl4 induced oxidative stress in the liver tissues included the measurements of the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase SOD, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase GPx), as well as the level of histological lesion in the liver tissues. For chronic experiment, a decoction at the concentration of 100 or 1000 mg/kg of body weight, produced by baking black soybean at 130°C for 5 min and followed by immerging in 100°C hot water for 20 min, showed the inhibitory effect against CCl4 induced liver damage in SD rats. Hot-water extract (80 °C for 30 min) from un-preheated black soybean at the concentration of 200 mg/kg of body weight could not reduce ALT and AST levels in CCl4 treated SD rats, but the hot-water extract from preheated black soybean did enhance antioxidant enzymes activities, decline ALT and AST levels. Specially, the hot-water extract from the seed cost of black soybean had the highest liver protective function since it can reduce vacuolization and necrosis in the liver tissues. For acute experiment, the hot-water extracts from black soybean and the seed coat, as well as pure cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) could reduce ALT and AST levels of CCl4 induced ICR mouse. The decoction and hot-water extract from the seed coat of black soybean had higher total polyphenols, anthocyanins and flavones contents than those extracts from whole black soybean. Such results agreed with high liver protective function in the decoction and hot-water from the seed coat of black soybean. Black soybean showed protective function only after preheating process (baking at 130°C for 5 to 10 min) because preheating treatment damaged the cell wall and made the extraction of the antioxidants more effectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=black%20soybean" title="black soybean">black soybean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liver%20protective%20function" title=" liver protective function"> liver protective function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant" title=" antioxidant"> antioxidant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidative%20stress" title=" antioxidative stress"> antioxidative stress</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24686/black-soybeans-show-acute-and-chronic-liver-protective-functions-against-ccl4-induced-liver-damage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24686.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">481</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16472</span> Successful Cesarean Delivery with Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support in a Pregnant Woman with Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Heart Failure Complicated by a Rare Condition of Pre-B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in P</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kristel%20Dame%20Ba%C3%B1ez%20Sumagaysay">Kristel Dame Bañez Sumagaysay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marie%20Victoria%20Cruz-javier"> Marie Victoria Cruz-javier</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current subject is a case of a 21 year-old woman at 29 1/7 weeks of gestation with Pre-B cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia who was admitted to the coronary care unit (CCU) of the St. Luke’s Medical Center-Global City for Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) secondary to hospital-acquired pneumonia secondary to pneumocystis jiroveci; central line-associated bloodstream infection (E. aerogenes). She presented with chronic hypoxemia caused by Pulmonary edema, probably secondary to heart failure secondary to cardiomyopathy chemotherapy-induced. Due to worsening feto-maternal status, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for respiratory support was instituted, and an elective cesarean section was done due to multiple maternal factors and deteriorating health status under total intravenous anesthesia assisted by veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. She delivered a live preterm newborn male, APGAR Score: 1, 0, 0, birth weight 985 grams, birth length: 40.5cm, small for gestational age. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extracorporeal%20membrane%20oxygenation" title="extracorporeal membrane oxygenation">extracorporeal membrane oxygenation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-b%20cell%20acute%20lymphoblastic%20leukemia" title=" pre-b cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia"> pre-b cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=severe%20acute%20respiratory%20distress%20syndrome" title=" severe acute respiratory distress syndrome"> severe acute respiratory distress syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethical%20dilemmas" title=" ethical dilemmas"> ethical dilemmas</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168204/successful-cesarean-delivery-with-veno-venous-extracorporeal-membrane-oxygenation-support-in-a-pregnant-woman-with-severe-acute-respiratory-distress-syndrome-and-heart-failure-complicated-by-a-rare-condition-of-pre-b-cell-acute-lymphoblastic-leukemia-in-p" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168204.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16471</span> Preventive Impact of Regional Analgesia on Chronic Neuropathic Pain After General Surgery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beloulou%20Mohamed%20Lamine">Beloulou Mohamed Lamine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fedili%20Benamar"> Fedili Benamar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meliani%20Walid"> Meliani Walid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chaid%20Dalila"> Chaid Dalila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lamara%20Abdelhak"> Lamara Abdelhak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Post-surgical chronic pain (PSCP) is a pathological condition with a rather complex etiopathogenesis that extensively involves sensitization processes and neuronal damage. The neuropathic component of these pains is almost always present, with variable expression depending on the type of surgery. Objective: To assess the presumed beneficial effect of Regional Anesthesia-Analgesia Techniques (RAAT) on the development of post-surgical chronic neuropathic pain (PSCNP) in various surgical procedures. Patients and Methods: A comparative study involving 510 patients distributed across five surgical models (mastectomy, thoracotomy, hernioplasty, cholecystectomy, and major abdominal-pelvic surgery) and randomized into two groups: Group A (240) receiving conventional postoperative analgesia and Group B (270) receiving balanced analgesia, including the implementation of a Regional Anesthesia-Analgesia Technique (RAAT). These patients were longitudinally followed over a 6-month period, with postsurgical chronic neuropathic pain (PSCNP) defined by a Neuropathic Pain Score DN2≥ 3. Comparative measurements through univariate and multivariable analyses were performed to identify associations between the development of PSCNP and certain predictive factors, including the presumed preventive impact (protective effect) of RAAT. Results: At the 6th month post-surgery, 419 patients were analyzed (Group A= 196 and Group B= 223). The incidence of PSCNP was 32.2% (n=135). Among these patients with chronic pain, the prevalence of neuropathic pain was 37.8% (95% CI: [29.6; 46.5]), with n=51/135. It was significantly lower in Group B compared to Group A, with respective percentages of 31.4% vs. 48.8% (p-value = 0.035). The most significant differences were observed in breast and thoracopulmonary surgeries. In a multiple regression analysis, two predictors of PSCNP were identified: the presence of preoperative pain at the surgical site as a risk factor (OR: 3.198; 95% CI [1.326; 7.714]) and RAAT as a protective factor (OR: 0.408; 95% CI [0.173; 0.961]). Conclusion: The neuropathic component of PSCNP can be observed in different types of surgeries. Regional analgesia included in a multimodal approach to postoperative pain management has proven to be effective for acute pain and seems to have a preventive impact on the development of PSCNP and its neuropathic nature, particularly in surgeries that are more prone to chronicization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-surgical%20chronic%20pain" title="post-surgical chronic pain">post-surgical chronic pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-surgical%20chronic%20neuropathic%20pain" title=" post-surgical chronic neuropathic pain"> post-surgical chronic neuropathic pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20anesthesia-analgesia%20techniques" title=" regional anesthesia-analgesia techniques"> regional anesthesia-analgesia techniques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuropathic%20pain%20score%20DN2" title=" neuropathic pain score DN2"> neuropathic pain score DN2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preventive%20impact" title=" preventive impact"> preventive impact</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174667/preventive-impact-of-regional-analgesia-on-chronic-neuropathic-pain-after-general-surgery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174667.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">78</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16470</span> Stomach Perforation, due to Chronic External Pressure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angelis%20P.%20Barlampas">Angelis P. Barlampas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> PURPOSE: The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the important role of taking an appropriate and detailed history, in order to reach the best possible diagnostic conclusion. MATERIAL: A patient presented to the emergency department due to the sudden onset of continuous abdominal pain, during the last hour and with the clinical symptoms of an acute abdomen. During the clinical examination, signs of peritoneal irritation and diffuse abdominal tenderness were found. The rest of the clinical and laboratory tests did not reveal anything important. From the reported medical history, nothing of note was found, except for the report of a large liver cyst, for which he was advised not to take any further action, except from regular ultrasound examination . METHOD: A computed tomography examination was performed after per os administration of gastrografin, which revealed a hyperdense ascitic effusion, similar in density to that of gastrografin within the intestinal tract. The presence of a large cyst of the left hepatic lobe was confirmed, contacting and pushing against the stomach. In the area of the contact between the liver cyst and the pylorus, there were extraluminal air bubbles and local opacity of the peritoneal fat, with a small hyperdense effusion. Result : The above, as well as the absence of a history of stomach ulcer or recent trauma, or other pathology, argue in favor of acute pyloric perforation, due to mural necrosis, in response to chronic external pressure from the pre-existing large liver cyst. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perforation" title="perforation">perforation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stomach" title=" stomach"> stomach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=large%20liver%20cyst" title=" large liver cyst"> large liver cyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CT%20abdomen" title=" CT abdomen"> CT abdomen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20abdominal%20pain" title=" acute abdominal pain"> acute abdominal pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intraperitoneal%20leakage" title=" intraperitoneal leakage"> intraperitoneal leakage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constrast%20leakage" title=" constrast leakage"> constrast leakage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170426/stomach-perforation-due-to-chronic-external-pressure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170426.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">96</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16469</span> Consumption Insurance against the Chronic Illness: Evidence from Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuthapoom%20Thanakijborisut">Yuthapoom Thanakijborisut </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper studies consumption insurance against the chronic illness in Thailand. The study estimates the impact of household consumption in the chronic illness on consumption growth. Chronic illness is the health care costs of a person or a household’s decision in treatment for the long term; the causes and effects of the household’s ability for smooth consumption. The chronic illnesses are measured in health status when at least one member within the household faces the chronic illness. The data used is from the Household Social Economic Panel Survey conducted during 2007 and 2012. The survey collected data from approximately 6,000 households from every province, both inside and outside municipal areas in Thailand. The study estimates the change in household consumption by using an ordinary least squares (OLS) regression model. The result shows that the members within the household facing the chronic illness would reduce the consumption by around 4%. This case indicates that consumption insurance in Thailand is quite sufficient against chronic illness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumption%20insurance" title="consumption insurance">consumption insurance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20illness" title=" chronic illness"> chronic illness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20care" title=" health care"> health care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thailand" title=" Thailand"> Thailand</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55581/consumption-insurance-against-the-chronic-illness-evidence-from-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55581.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">238</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16468</span> Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Nociceptive and Anti-Arthritic Effects of Mirtazapine, Venalfaxine and Escitalopram in Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sally%20A.%20El%20Awdan">Sally A. El Awdan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective and Design: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti inflammatory, anti-arthritic and analgesic effects of antidepressants. Methods: Carrageenan model was used to assess effect on acute inflammation. Paw volume were measured at 1, 2, 3 and 4th hour post challenge. Anti-nociceptive effect was evaluated by hot plate method. Chronic inflammation was developed using Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA). The animals were injected with Freund’s adjuvant in sub-plantar tissue of the right posterior paw. Paw volume, ankle flexion scores, adjuvant-induced hyperalgesia and serum cytokine levels were assessed. Results: Results obtained demonstrate that mirtazapine, venalfaxine and escitalopram significantly and dose-dependently inhibited carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema. Mirtazapine, venalfaxine and escitalopram increased the reaction time of rats in hot plate test. We observed an increase in paw volume, ankle flexion scores, thermal hyperalgesia, serum levels of interleukin-1β, PGE2 and TNF-α, induced by intraplantar CFA injection. Regular treatment up to 28 days of adjuvant-induced arthritic rats with mirtazapine, venalfaxine and escitalopram showed anti anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities by suppressing the paw volume, recovering the paw withdrawal latency, and by inhibiting the ankle flexion scores in CFA-induced rats. In addition significant reduction in serum levels of interleukin-1β, PGE2 and TNF-α level in arthritic rats was reduced by treatment with drugs. Conclusion: These results suggest that antidepressants have significant anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects in acute and chronic models in rats, which may be associated with the reduction of interleukin-1β, PGE2 and TNF-α levels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antidepressants" title="antidepressants">antidepressants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carrageenan" title=" carrageenan"> carrageenan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-nociceptive" title=" anti-nociceptive"> anti-nociceptive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Complete%20Freund%27s%20Adjuvant" title=" Complete Freund's Adjuvant"> Complete Freund's Adjuvant</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28857/anti-inflammatory-anti-nociceptive-and-anti-arthritic-effects-of-mirtazapine-venalfaxine-and-escitalopram-in-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28857.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">493</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16467</span> Investigating the Dose Effect of Electroacupuncture on Mice Inflammatory Pain Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wan-Ting%20Shen">Wan-Ting Shen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ching-Liang%20Hsieh"> Ching-Liang Hsieh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi-Wen%20Lin"> Yi-Wen Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electroacupuncture (EA) has been reported effective for many kinds of pain and is a common treatment for acute or chronic pain. However, to date, there are limited studies examining the effect of acupuncture dosage. In our experiment, after injecting mice with Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) to induce inflammatory pain, two groups of mice were administered two different 15 min EA treatments at 2Hz. The first group received EA at a single acupuncture point (ST36, Zusanli) in both legs (two points), whereas the second group received two acupuncture points in both legs (four points) and the analgesic effect was compared. It was found that double points (ST36, Zusanli and SP6, Sanyinjiao) were significantly superior to single points (ST36, Zusanli) when evaluated using the electronic von Frey Test (mechanic) and Hargreaves’ Test (thermal). Through this study, it is expected more novel physiological mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia will be discovered. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-inflammation" title="anti-inflammation">anti-inflammation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dose%20effect" title=" dose effect"> dose effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electroacupuncture" title=" electroacupuncture"> electroacupuncture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pain%20control" title=" pain control"> pain control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85851/investigating-the-dose-effect-of-electroacupuncture-on-mice-inflammatory-pain-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85851.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">174</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16466</span> Rivers Drain Impact on the Black Sea Coastal Line Biocenosis within the Greater Sochi Area Assessed by Bioassay Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gorbunova%20Tatiana%20L.">Gorbunova Tatiana L.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research is dedicated to the study of the polluted river inflow impact on the Black Sea coastal marine environment within the watercourse’s plumes in the Greater Sochi area applying bioassay methods using freshwater and marine microalgae. River waters were analyzed using microalgae Chlorella vulgaris Beijer and sea waters were tested with marine diatoms Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin. Experiments included algae cell abundancy growth assessments in acute (24 hours), sub-acute (72 hours) and chronic (168 hours / 7 days) tests. The increase in algal cell growth rates compared to the control in the summer period was detected as a consequence of the recreational activities intensification during the tourism seasonal peak. Most of the analyzed samples demonstrated a significant effect of algae cell growth stimulation compared to the control. It is established that under the impact of contaminants carried by river drain to the sea, the capacity of the coastal marine ecosystem is partially capable of compensating for its effect on the coastal biocenosis, but the general trends of the impact processes remain constant. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algae%20abundance%20growth" title="algae abundance growth">algae abundance growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioassay" title=" bioassay"> bioassay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microalgae" title=" microalgae"> microalgae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title=" modeling"> modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173894/rivers-drain-impact-on-the-black-sea-coastal-line-biocenosis-within-the-greater-sochi-area-assessed-by-bioassay-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173894.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">63</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16465</span> Safety Assessment of Tuberous Roots of Boerhaavia diffusa Root Extract: Acute and Sub-Acute Toxicity Studies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Surender%20Singh">Surender Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yogendra%20Kumar%20Gupta"> Yogendra Kumar Gupta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Boerhaavia diffusa (BD) Linn. belonging to family Nyctaginaceae is a herbaceous plant and known as ‘punarnava’ in Hindi, used as herbal medicine for pain relief and various ailments. It is widely used as a green leafy vegetable in many Asian and African countries. The objective of present study was to investigate potential adverse effects, if any, of standardized root extract of Boerhaavia diffusa in rats following subchronic administration. In acute toxicity study, no mortality was found at a dose of 2000mg/kg which indicates that oral LD50 of Boerhaavia diffusa root extract is more than 2000mg/kg. The chronic administration of Boerhaavia diffusa for 28 days at a dose of 1000mg/kg body weight did not produce any significant changes in hematological (RBC, WBC, platelets, hemoglobin, bleeding time, clotting time) and biochemical (triglycerides, blood glucose, high density lipoprotein, serum creatinine, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase) parameters of male and female rats as compared to normal control group. All the animals survived until the scheduled necropsy, and their physical and behavioral examinations did not reveal any treatment-related adverse effects. No pathological changes were observed in histological section of heart, kidney, liver, testis, ovaries and brain of Boerhaavia diffusa treated male and female rats as compared to normal control animals.These observations from oral acute toxicitystudy suggest that the extract is practically non-toxic. Thus, it can be inferred that the Boerhaavia diffusa root extract at levels up to 1000 mg/kg/day was found to be safe and does not cause adverse effects in rats. So, the no-observed effect level (NOAEL) of the extract was found to be 1000mg/kg/day. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boerhaavia%20diffusa" title="Boerhaavia diffusa">Boerhaavia diffusa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histology" title=" histology"> histology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxicity" title=" toxicity"> toxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sub-acute" title=" sub-acute"> sub-acute</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53480/safety-assessment-of-tuberous-roots-of-boerhaavia-diffusa-root-extract-acute-and-sub-acute-toxicity-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53480.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">271</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16464</span> Characteristics of Acute Poisoning in Emergency Departments: Multicenter Study in Korea </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyuk-Hoon%20Kim">Hyuk-Hoon Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young%20Gi%20Min"> Young Gi Min</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Acute poisoning is the common cause of morbidity and mortality. Characteristics of acute poisoning differ between countries. While other countries operate the database system for poisoning, Korea has not collected the database for acute poisoning. Distribution of incidence of acute poisoning depending on the types of materials have also not studied in Korea. Our aims are to evaluate the etiologic and demographic characteristics of acute poisoning cases and to obtain up-to-date information on acute poisonings. Method: We retrospectively recorded cases of acute poisoning from eight emergency departments of second level or university hospitals from different cities in Gyeonggi province in Korea from April 2006 and March 2015. The distributions of incidence of acute poisoning depending on the types of materials are mapped by geographic information system. Result: A total of 3,449 poisoned cases were analyzed. Mean estimated age of patients was 39.56 ± 22.40 years. Mean male to female ratio of patients was 1:1.4. Mean proportion of intentional poisoning was 57.9%. Common materials are benzodiazepine (16.6%), carbon monoxide (10.5%), pesticide (8.1%) and zolpidem (7.1%) Common route of exposure is ingestion (79.5%) and followed by inhalation (16.5%). Common treatment methods are gastric lavage (20%) and activated charcoal (30%). Most cases had uneventful recovery; 61.4% were treated as outpatients and 0.1% of the poisoning resulted in death in ER. Conclusion: Even though the cases enrolled in our study is not the overall cases of acute poisoning in Korea, our study could be the basis of countermeasures for analysis and prevention of acute poisoning in Korea. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20poisoning" title="acute poisoning">acute poisoning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergency%20department" title=" emergency department"> emergency department</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epidemiology" title=" epidemiology"> epidemiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Korea" title=" Korea"> Korea</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59367/characteristics-of-acute-poisoning-in-emergency-departments-multicenter-study-in-korea" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59367.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">403</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20and%20chronic%20effect&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20and%20chronic%20effect&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20and%20chronic%20effect&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20and%20chronic%20effect&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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