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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Features</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Cards</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cards-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Cards subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Cards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Beasts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beasts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Beasts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beasts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chosen_suits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chosen_suits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Chosen suits</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chosen_suits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unselected_suits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unselected_suits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Unselected suits</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unselected_suits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rules" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rules"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Rules</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Rules-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Rules subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Rules-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Aim" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aim"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Aim</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aim-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Preliminaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Preliminaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Preliminaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Preliminaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Playing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Playing"> <div 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<span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div 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.infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Karniffel</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight: bold">Thuringian descendant of Europe's oldest card game</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:282px;max-width:282px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:92px;max-width:92px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saxonian_Deck_-_Leaves_-_08.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ten of Leaves" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Saxonian_Deck_-_Leaves_-_08.jpg/90px-Saxonian_Deck_-_Leaves_-_08.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Saxonian_Deck_-_Leaves_-_08.jpg/135px-Saxonian_Deck_-_Leaves_-_08.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Saxonian_Deck_-_Leaves_-_08.jpg 2x" data-file-width="140" data-file-height="250" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:92px;max-width:92px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saxonian_Deck_-_Hearts_-_09.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Nine of Leaves" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Saxonian_Deck_-_Hearts_-_09.jpg/90px-Saxonian_Deck_-_Hearts_-_09.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Saxonian_Deck_-_Hearts_-_09.jpg/135px-Saxonian_Deck_-_Hearts_-_09.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Saxonian_Deck_-_Hearts_-_09.jpg 2x" data-file-width="140" data-file-height="250" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:92px;max-width:92px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saxonian_Deck_-_Bells_-_09.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Deuce of Leaves" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Saxonian_Deck_-_Bells_-_09.jpg/90px-Saxonian_Deck_-_Bells_-_09.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Saxonian_Deck_-_Bells_-_09.jpg/135px-Saxonian_Deck_-_Bells_-_09.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Saxonian_Deck_-_Bells_-_09.jpg 2x" data-file-width="140" data-file-height="250" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">The three 'beasts' in the game of Karniffel</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Origin</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alternative names</th><td class="infobox-data">Karniffeln</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Plain-trick" class="mw-redirect" title="Plain-trick">Plain-trick</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Players</th><td class="infobox-data">4</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Skills</th><td class="infobox-data">bluffing, tactics</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cards</th><td class="infobox-data">36</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Deck</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/German-suited" class="mw-redirect" title="German-suited">German-suited</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rank (high→low)</th><td class="infobox-data">Chosen: <i>Beasts</i> O U 6 8 9 D K 10 7<br />Plain: O U 6 8 9 D K 10 7</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Related games</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Kaiserspiel" title="Kaiserspiel">Kaiserspiel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karn%C3%B6ffel" title="Karnöffel">Karnöffel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kn%C3%BCffeln" title="Knüffeln">Knüffeln</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkort&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alkort (page does not exist)">Alkort</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Treikort&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treikort (page does not exist)">Treikort</a>, <a href="/wiki/Br%C3%A4us" title="Bräus">Bräus</a>, <a href="/wiki/St%C3%BDrivolt" title="Stýrivolt">Stýrivolt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Watten_(card_game)" title="Watten (card game)">Watten</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vorms" class="mw-redirect" title="Vorms">Vorms</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below">Two chosen suits</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Karniffel</b> or <b>Thuringian Karnöffel</b> was a <a href="/wiki/Trick-taking_game" title="Trick-taking game">trick-taking</a> <a href="/wiki/Card_game" title="Card game">card game</a> for four players, playing in pairs, the rules of which were recorded in some detail in a German periodical of the late 18th century where it was described as being played by the <a href="/wiki/Thuringia" title="Thuringia">Thuringian</a> peasantry. Karniffel was a descendant of the original <a href="/wiki/Karn%C3%B6ffel" title="Karnöffel">Karnöffel</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karniffel&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Karniffel was a descendant of the original <a href="/wiki/Karn%C3%B6ffel" title="Karnöffel">Karnöffel</a>, which itself originated in <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a> in the first quarter of the 15th century and is thus the oldest identifiable European card game in the history of playing cards with a continuous tradition of play down to the present day.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Research in recent decades has identified a number of other card games played in Switzerland, with Swiss-suited cards, and in north Germany and the Baltic region, with French-suited cards, but the rules of Karniffel are recorded earlier than any of the other members of the family and it is one of only two variants known to use German-suited cards, the other being the Austro-Bavarian game of <a href="/wiki/Watten_(card_game)" title="Watten (card game)">Watten</a>. (The extinct Polish game of Drużbart also used German-suited cards; of the Polish pattern.) </p><p>Although games variously known as Karniffel, Karniffeln, Karnöffel or Karnöffeln, were played in much of German-speaking central Europe from around 1425, the earliest detailed description of a set of rules comes from an article in the periodical, <i>Teutsche Merkur</i>, dated 1783.<sup id="cite_ref-Wieland_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wieland-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This version, "Karniffel", was a derivative of 15th-century Karnöffel that became popular in <a href="/wiki/Thuringia" title="Thuringia">Thuringia</a>. Like its parent, it featured a highly unusual hierarchy and cards with special properties. However, it also differed significantly in that it used a 36-card pack and had the "surprising feature" of two chosen suits.<sup id="cite_ref-Dummett185_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dummett185-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another oddity is that each side had a 'director' who instructs his partner on the cards to play.<sup id="cite_ref-Dummett186_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dummett186-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Relatives of Karniffel that are still played today include Swedish <a href="/wiki/Br%C3%A4us" title="Bräus">Bräus</a>, German <a href="/wiki/Kn%C3%BCffeln" title="Knüffeln">Knüffeln</a> and Faroese Stýrivolt.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Features">Features</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karniffel&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Karniffel had the following features that are unusual in card games:<sup id="cite_ref-Wieland_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wieland-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Three permanent top cards known as the 'beasts' (<i>Thiere</i>)</li> <li>Two <a href="/wiki/Selected_suit" class="mw-redirect" title="Selected suit">'chosen ' or 'selected' suits</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Chosen cards with special powers - the Sevens and the <a href="/wiki/Free_cards" class="mw-redirect" title="Free cards">free cards</a>: the Eights and Nines</li> <li>Chosen cards with no trumping power at all - the Deuces, Kings and Tens</li> <li>One player on each team is the 'director' and instructs his partner(s) on what to play</li></ul> <p>Although the chosen suits are often referred to as trump suits, this is not strictly correct as not all the cards of these suits have normal trump powers: some only have powers when led and others have no powers at all. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cards">Cards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karniffel&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Cards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Karniffel was played with the 36 cards of a standard <a href="/wiki/German-suited_pack" class="mw-redirect" title="German-suited pack">German-suited pack</a> i.e. <a href="/wiki/King_(playing_card)" title="King (playing card)">King</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ober_(playing_card)" title="Ober (playing card)">Ober</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unter_(playing_card)" title="Unter (playing card)">Unter</a>, Ten, Nine, Eight, Seven, Six and <a href="/wiki/Deuce_(playing_card)" title="Deuce (playing card)">Deuce</a> in the suits of <a href="/wiki/Acorns_(suit)" title="Acorns (suit)">Acorns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leaves_(suit)" title="Leaves (suit)">Leaves</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hearts_(suit)" title="Hearts (suit)">Hearts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bells_(suit)" title="Bells (suit)">Bells</a>. However, the card ranking was highly unusual.<sup id="cite_ref-Wieland_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wieland-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Beasts">Beasts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karniffel&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Beasts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There were three permanent top cards or <a href="/wiki/Matador_(cards)" class="mw-redirect" title="Matador (cards)">matadors</a>, known as the 'beasts':<sup id="cite_ref-Wieland_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wieland-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dummett186_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dummett186-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Voss_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Voss-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Leaves_(card_suit)" title="Leaves (card suit)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Bay_gras.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="10" data-file-height="11" /></a></span> 8 - the <i>Tolle</i> ("Wild One", "Dare Devil" or "Madman") or <i>Alter Thier</i> ("Old Beast")</li> <li><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hearts_(card_suit)" title="Hearts (card suit)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Bay_herz.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="10" data-file-height="10" /></a></span> 9 - the <i>Roter Thier</i> ("Red Beast")</li> <li><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bells_(card_suit)" title="Bells (card suit)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Bay_schelle.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="10" data-file-height="10" /></a></span> 9 - <i>Gelber Thier</i> ("Yellow Beast")</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chosen_suits">Chosen suits</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karniffel&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Chosen suits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Next came the cards of the two chosen suits. For example, if Leaves and Bells are selected, the cards rank as follows:<sup id="cite_ref-Wieland_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wieland-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Leaves_(card_suit)" title="Leaves (card suit)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Bay_gras.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="10" data-file-height="11" /></a></span>O <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bells_(card_suit)" title="Bells (card suit)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Bay_schelle.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="10" data-file-height="10" /></a></span>O - the <i>Oberkarniffel</i> or <i>Landsknecht</i> ("trooper" or "footsoldier")</li> <li><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Leaves_(card_suit)" title="Leaves (card suit)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Bay_gras.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="10" data-file-height="11" /></a></span>U <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bells_(card_suit)" title="Bells (card suit)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Bay_schelle.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="10" data-file-height="10" /></a></span>U - the <i>Unterkarniffel</i> or <i>Büttel</i> ("beadle")</li> <li><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Leaves_(card_suit)" title="Leaves (card suit)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Bay_gras.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="10" data-file-height="11" /></a></span>6 <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bells_(card_suit)" title="Bells (card suit)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Bay_schelle.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="10" data-file-height="10" /></a></span>6 - the <i>Papst</i> ("Pope")</li> <li><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bells_(card_suit)" title="Bells (card suit)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Bay_schelle.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="10" data-file-height="10" /></a></span>8 - free card (<i>Freykarte</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Leaves_(card_suit)" title="Leaves (card suit)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Bay_gras.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="10" data-file-height="11" /></a></span>9 - free card</li> <li><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Leaves_(card_suit)" title="Leaves (card suit)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Bay_gras.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="10" data-file-height="11" /></a></span>D <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bells_(card_suit)" title="Bells (card suit)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Bay_schelle.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="10" data-file-height="10" /></a></span>D - Deuces</li> <li><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Leaves_(card_suit)" title="Leaves (card suit)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Bay_gras.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="10" data-file-height="11" /></a></span>K <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bells_(card_suit)" title="Bells (card suit)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Bay_schelle.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="10" data-file-height="10" /></a></span>K - <i>Kaiser</i> ("Emperor")</li> <li><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Leaves_(card_suit)" title="Leaves (card suit)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Bay_gras.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="10" data-file-height="11" /></a></span>10 <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bells_(card_suit)" title="Bells (card suit)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Bay_schelle.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="10" data-file-height="10" /></a></span>10 - <i>Banner</i> or <i>Pannier</i> ("Banner")</li> <li><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Leaves_(card_suit)" title="Leaves (card suit)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Bay_gras.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="10" data-file-height="11" /></a></span>7 <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bells_(card_suit)" title="Bells (card suit)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Bay_schelle.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="10" data-file-height="10" /></a></span>7 - <i>die böse Sieben</i> ("the evil/bad/naughty Seven").<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When led to a trick, a chosen Seven automatically won, but it could not be led to the first trick.</li></ul> <p>The cards with trump-like powers are often referred to as 'beaters'. They are the 3 beasts plus the O, U, and 6 of the chosen suits. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unselected_suits">Unselected suits</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karniffel&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Unselected suits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although Wieland states that cards of the unselected suits rank in the same order: O > U > 6 > 8 > 9 > D > K > 10 > 7, he suggests earlier that this ranking only applies to the selected suits and that accords with all other descriptions of the rules of Karnöffel and its descendants, where unselected suits rank in their natural order: D > K > O > U > 10 > 9 > 8 > 7.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An Ober was known as <i>Fauler Schlingel</i> ("Lazy Rascal"), originally <i>Fauler Fritz</i> ("Lazy Freddy"), because it was unable to win anything until all the beaters had been exhausted. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rules">Rules</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karniffel&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Rules"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following rules are based Wieland (1783) except where stated.<sup id="cite_ref-Wieland_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wieland-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aim">Aim</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karniffel&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Aim"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The aim is to win three or more tricks in each deal.<sup id="cite_ref-Wieland_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wieland-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Preliminaries">Preliminaries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karniffel&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Preliminaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The game is played by four or six players in two teams of two or three respectively. One player in each team is nominated as the 'director' or captain who may view the cards of his team and concede the game if it looks as if they will lose.<sup id="cite_ref-Wieland_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wieland-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The dealer shuffles the cards, offers them to <a href="/wiki/Rearhand" class="mw-redirect" title="Rearhand">rearhand</a> for cutting and deals five cards to each player and turns the next two over to determine the selected suits. If the second card is of the same suit, another card is turned and, if necessary, more until a different suit appears. Any player with a 'Banner' (trump 10) may now exchange it for the trump upcard of the same suit.<sup id="cite_ref-Wieland_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wieland-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Playing">Playing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karniffel&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Playing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Forehand_(card_player)" class="mw-redirect" title="Forehand (card player)">Forehand</a> leads to the first trick.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are no constraints on play to a trick.<sup id="cite_ref-Dummett185_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dummett185-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The trick is won, in order, by:<sup id="cite_ref-Wieland_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wieland-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Trump 7 if led</li> <li>Free card if led, unless beaten by a beast or <i>Oberkarniffel</i><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Highest beast</li> <li>Highest O U 6 of selected suit</li> <li>Highest card of led suit<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>g<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Wiegand does not make clear what rule applies if two cards of equal value (both trumps or both non-trumps) are played. In other variants of Karnöffel, the trick is won either by the first of the two cards played (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Watten_(card_game)" title="Watten (card game)">Watten</a>) or suit priority applies in the order: Acorns, Leaves, Hearts and Bells or their French-suited equivalent (e.g. most of the <a href="/wiki/Bruus" title="Bruus">Bruus</a> family) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scoring">Scoring</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karniffel&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Scoring"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The team that wins three or more tricks wins the stake for the game.<sup id="cite_ref-Voss_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Voss-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karniffel&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dummett (1980), p. 187, calls them trumps or selected suits (<i>gewählte Farben</i>) They are not true trump suits as not all the cards have trumping powers.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wieland says the <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bells_(card_suit)" title="Bells (card suit)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Bay_schelle.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="10" data-file-height="10" /></a></span>8 and <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Leaves_(card_suit)" title="Leaves (card suit)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Bay_gras.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="10" data-file-height="11" /></a></span>9 were called <i>Freykarten</i> "presumably because, at least in respect of the 'unselected' suits... they could not be beaten." While in general, a <i>Freykarte</i> is a card that cannot be beaten even by one of its own suit, evidence from <a href="/wiki/Kn%C3%BCffeln" title="Knüffeln">Knüffeln</a> is that 'free cards' in these games are unbeatable when led, except by the beasts and high beaters such as the <i>Oberkarniffels</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Originally known as the <i>Teufel</i> or "Devil" in Karnöffel.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Notably the 1850 <i>Karnöffelgrammatik</i> which is the closest in time and gameplay.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Play is assumed to be anti-clockwise, but this is not explicitly stated.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">But see earlier comment - the source does not specify which trumps beat a free card</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dummett (1980) suggests that the lower chosen cards (D, K, 10) act as their own suit for this purpose, e.g. a chosen D beats a chosen K of the same suit, but if an unselected card is led, it is not beaten by a chosen D, K or 10. This accords with the modern rules for <a href="/wiki/Kn%C3%BCffeln" title="Knüffeln">Knüffeln</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karniffel&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-3"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dummett (1978), p. 130.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wieland-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wieland_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wieland_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wieland_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wieland_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wieland_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wieland_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wieland_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wieland_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wieland_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wieland_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wieland (1783), pp. 62-87.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dummett185-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dummett185_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dummett185_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dummett (1980), pp. 185-187.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dummett186-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dummett186_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dummett186_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dummett (1980), p. 186.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Smith (1997), pp. 45-51.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Voss-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Voss_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Voss_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Voss (1930), pp. 51-56.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literature">Literature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karniffel&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Wieland, Christoph Martin, ed. (1783). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NCJJAAAAcAAJ&dq=Beytrag+zur+Geschichte+der+Kartenspiele&pg=PA62">"Beytrag zur Geschichte der Kartenspiele"</a> in <i>Der Teutsche Merkur</i>, Vol. 58, Weimar, pp. 62-87.</li> <li>Dummett, Michael (1978). Reviews of "Der Nidwaldener Kaiserjass Und Seine Geschichte" and "Der Kaiserjass, Wie Er Heute in Nidwalden Gespielt Wird" in The Playing Card, Vol. 9, No. 4, May 1981.</li> <li>Dummett, Michael (1980). <i>The game of Tarot: from Ferrara to Salt Lake City</i>, Duckworth, London. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780715610145" title="Special:BookSources/9780715610145">9780715610145</a></li> <li>Smith, Anthony (1997), "<a href="/wiki/Voormsi" title="Voormsi">Voormsi</a>" in The Playing Card, Vol. 26, No. 2, 1997.</li> <li>Vollbeding, Johann Christoph (1795). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KJVmAAAAcAAJ&dq=%22alte+Thier%22+%22karniffel%22&pg=PA267"><i>Supplemente zum Archiv nützlicher Erfindungen und wichtiger Entdeckungen in Künsten und Wissenschaften</i></a>, Volume 2. Schwickertschen Verlage, Leipzig, pp. 267-269.</li> <li>Voss, Ernst (1930). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/WI/WI-idx?type=div&did=WI.WT1930.EVoss&isize=text"><i>Karnoeffelspiel, A German Card Game of the Sixteenth Century</i></a> in <i>Transactions of the Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters</i>, Vol. XXV, ed. by Chancey Juday.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karniffel&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:Historical_card_games" title="Template:Historical card games"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Historical_card_games&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Historical card games (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Historical_card_games" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Historical card games"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Historical_card_games" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Historical <a href="/wiki/Card_game" title="Card game">card games</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">English</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andro_(card_game)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andro (card game) (page does not exist)">Andro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bone_ace" title="Bone ace">Bone ace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costly_colours" class="mw-redirect" title="Costly colours">Costly colours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triomphe" title="Triomphe">French ruff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gleek_(card_game)" title="Gleek (card game)">Gleek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quinze" title="Quinze">Hannikin canst abide it</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ombre" title="Ombre">Ombre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laugh_and_lie_down" title="Laugh and lie down">Laugh and lie down</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Losing_lodam" title="Losing lodam">Losing lodam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maw_(card_game)" title="Maw (card game)">Maw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/My_ship_sails" title="My ship sails">My sow's pigged</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noddy_(card_game)" title="Noddy (card game)">Noddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penneech" title="Penneech">Penneech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Joan_(card_game)" title="Pope Joan (card game)">Pope Joan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Julius_(card_game)" title="Pope Julius (card game)">Pope Julius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_and_pair" title="Post and pair">Post and pair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primero" title="Primero">Primero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Put_(card_game)" title="Put (card game)">Put</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadrille_(card_game)" title="Quadrille (card game)">Quadrille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Nazarene" title="Queen Nazarene">Queen Nazarene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruff_and_honours" title="Ruff and honours">Ruff and honours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speculation_(card_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Speculation (card game)">Speculation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wit_and_reason" title="Wit and reason">Wit and reason</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Leyden_Card_players.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Leyden_Card_players.jpg/150px-Leyden_Card_players.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Leyden_Card_players.jpg/225px-Leyden_Card_players.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Leyden_Card_players.jpg/300px-Leyden_Card_players.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2768" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">French</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambigu" title="Ambigu">Ambigu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coucou" title="Coucou">As Qui Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belle,_Flux_et_Trente-et-Un" title="Belle, Flux et Trente-et-Un">Belle, Flux et Trente-et-Un</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%AAte" title="Bête">Bête</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%AAte_Hombr%C3%A9e&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bête Hombrée (page does not exist)">Bête Hombrée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouillotte" title="Bouillotte">Bouillotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brelan" title="Brelan">Brelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Briscan" title="Briscan">Briscan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brisque" title="Brisque">Brisque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brusquembille" title="Brusquembille">Brusquembille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commerce_(card_game)" title="Commerce (card game)">Commerce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coucou" title="Coucou">Coucou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culbas" title="Culbas">Culbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emprunt" title="Emprunt">Emprunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9,_Point,_Flux_et_Sequence" title="Gé, Point, Flux et Sequence">Gé, Point, Flux et Sequence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilet_(card_game)" title="Gilet (card game)">Gilet</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guimbarde_(card_game)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guimbarde (card game) (page does not exist)">Guimbarde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_her" title="Le her">Her</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coucou" title="Coucou">Hère</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeux_de_hocs" title="Jeux de hocs">Hoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoc_Mazarin" title="Hoc Mazarin">Hoc Mazarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homme_d%27Auvergne" title="Homme d'Auvergne">Homme d'Auvergne</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imp%C3%A9riale_(card_game)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Impériale (card game) (page does not exist)">Impériale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenterlu" class="mw-redirect" title="Lenterlu">Lenterlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mouche_(card_game)" title="Mouche (card game)">Mouche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papillon_(card_game)" title="Papillon (card game)">Papillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamphile_(card_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pamphile (card game)">Pamphile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadrette" title="Quadrette">Quadrette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadrille_(card_game)" title="Quadrille (card game)">Quadrille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quarante_de_Roi" title="Quarante de Roi">Quarante de Roi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quintille (page does not exist)">Quintille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reversis" title="Reversis">Reversis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sizette" title="Sizette">Sizette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tontine_(card_game)" title="Tontine (card game)">Tontine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triomphe" title="Triomphe">Triomphe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">German</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belle,_Flux_et_Trente-et-Un" title="Belle, Flux et Trente-et-Un">Belle, Flux et Trente-et-Un</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bester_Bube" title="Bester Bube">Bester Bube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schlauch_(card_game)" title="Schlauch (card game)">Bierschlauch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruus" title="Bruus">Brusbart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassino_(card_game)" title="Cassino (card game)">Cassino</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cinquille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cinquille (page does not exist)">Cinquille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einwerfen" title="Einwerfen">Einwerfen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elfern" title="Elfern">Elfern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fett_und_Mager" class="mw-redirect" title="Fett und Mager">Fett und Mager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%BCnfzehnern" title="Fünfzehnern">Fünfzehnern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Solo" title="German Solo">German Solo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Tarok" title="German Tarok">German Tarok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grobh%C3%A4usern" title="Grobhäusern">Grobhäusern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trappola" title="Trappola">Hundertspiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juckerspiel" class="mw-redirect" title="Juckerspiel">Juckerspiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaschlan" title="Kaschlan">Kaschlan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Karniffel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karn%C3%B6ffel" title="Karnöffel">Karnöffel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kauflabet" title="Kauflabet">Kauflabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kontraspiel" title="Kontraspiel">Kontraspiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariage_(card_game)" title="Mariage (card game)">Mariage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCller_Matz" title="Müller Matz">Müller Matz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neunkart" title="Neunkart">Fett und Mager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piquesept" title="Piquesept">Piquesept</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pollack_(card_game)" title="Pollack (card game)">Pollack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union_(card_game)" title="Réunion (card game)">Réunion</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%BCmpffen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rümpffen (page does not exist)">Rümpffen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Tarok" title="German Tarok">Sansprendre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saunigl" title="Saunigl">Saunigl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scherwenzel" title="Scherwenzel">Scherwenzel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schlauch_(card_game)" title="Schlauch (card game)">Schlauch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spitzeln" title="Spitzeln">Spitzeln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sticheln" title="Sticheln">Sticheln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatteln" title="Tatteln">Tatteln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trischaken_(card_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trischaken (card game)">Trischaken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vogelspiel" title="Vogelspiel">Vogelspiel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Italian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gilet_(card_game)" title="Gilet (card game)">Gilet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minchiate" title="Minchiate">Minchiate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primo_visto" title="Primo visto">Primo visto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronfa" title="Ronfa">Ronfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trappola" title="Trappola">Trappola</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spanish</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conquian" title="Conquian">Conquian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ombre" title="Ombre">Ombre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primero" title="Primero">Primero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rentoy" title="Rentoy">Rentoy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chapanka" title="Chapanka">Chapanka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dru%C5%BCbart" title="Drużbart">Drużbart</a> (Polish)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einwerfen" title="Einwerfen">Einwerfen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elfern" title="Elfern">Elfmandeln</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trappola" title="Trappola">Hundertspiel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piquesept" title="Piquesept">Piquesept</a>, <a href="/wiki/Skwitz" title="Skwitz">Skwitz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sticheln" title="Sticheln">Sticheln</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tatteln" title="Tatteln">Tatteln</a> (Austrian)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romestecq" title="Romestecq">Romestecq</a> (Dutch)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maw_(card_game)" title="Maw (card game)">Maw</a> (Scottish)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kille_(card_game)" title="Kille (card game)">Kille</a> (Swedish)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Trick-taking_card_games" title="Template:Trick-taking card games">Trick-taking card games</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Non_trick-taking_card_games" title="Template:Non trick-taking card games">Non trick-taking card games</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Patience_and_solitaire_games" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Patience and solitaire games">Patience and solitaire games</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Tarot_and_Tarock_card_games" title="Template:Tarot and Tarock card games">Tarot and Tarock card games</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Karniffel&oldid=1205925404">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Karniffel&oldid=1205925404</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a 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