CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs skin-theme-clientpref-day mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Wildlife of Burundi - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js skin-theme-clientpref-day mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"f41bd078-dbc7-4b74-8733-911493d1028c","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Wildlife_of_Burundi","wgTitle":"Wildlife of Burundi","wgCurRevisionId":1255964763,"wgRevisionId":1255964763,"wgArticleId": 10946048,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Wildlife_of_Burundi","wgRelevantArticleId":10946048,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFMode":"stable","wgMFAmc":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachActive":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachUserEligible":false,"wgMFLazyLoadImages":true,"wgMFEditNoticesFeatureConflict":false,"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgMFIsSupportedEditRequest":true,"wgMFScriptPath":"", "wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":true,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgSectionTranslationMissingLanguages":[{"lang":"ace","autonym":"Acèh","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ady","autonym":"адыгабзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"alt","autonym":"алтай тил","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"am","autonym":"አማርኛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ami","autonym":"Pangcah","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"an","autonym":"aragonés","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ang","autonym":"Ænglisc","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ann","autonym":"Obolo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"anp","autonym":"अंगिका","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ar","autonym":"العربية","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ary","autonym":"الدارجة","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"arz","autonym":"مصرى","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"as","autonym":"অসমীয়া","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ast","autonym":"asturianu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"av","autonym":"авар","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"avk","autonym": "Kotava","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"awa","autonym":"अवधी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ay","autonym":"Aymar aru","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"az","autonym":"azərbaycanca","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"azb","autonym":"تۆرکجه","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ba","autonym":"башҡортса","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ban","autonym":"Basa Bali","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bar","autonym":"Boarisch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bbc","autonym":"Batak Toba","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bcl","autonym":"Bikol Central","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bdr","autonym":"Bajau Sama","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"be","autonym":"беларуская","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bew","autonym":"Betawi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bg","autonym":"български","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bho","autonym":"भोजपुरी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bi","autonym":"Bislama","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bjn","autonym":"Banjar","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"blk","autonym":"ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bm","autonym":"bamanankan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bn","autonym": "বাংলা","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bo","autonym":"བོད་ཡིག","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bpy","autonym":"বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"br","autonym":"brezhoneg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bs","autonym":"bosanski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"btm","autonym":"Batak Mandailing","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bug","autonym":"Basa Ugi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ca","autonym":"català","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cdo","autonym":"閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ce","autonym":"нохчийн","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ceb","autonym":"Cebuano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ch","autonym":"Chamoru","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"chr","autonym":"ᏣᎳᎩ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ckb","autonym":"کوردی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"co","autonym":"corsu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cr","autonym":"Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"crh","autonym":"qırımtatarca","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cs","autonym":"čeština","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cu","autonym": "словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cy","autonym":"Cymraeg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"da","autonym":"dansk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dag","autonym":"dagbanli","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"de","autonym":"Deutsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dga","autonym":"Dagaare","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"din","autonym":"Thuɔŋjäŋ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"diq","autonym":"Zazaki","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dsb","autonym":"dolnoserbski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dtp","autonym":"Kadazandusun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dv","autonym":"ދިވެހިބަސް","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"dz","autonym":"ཇོང་ཁ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ee","autonym":"eʋegbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"el","autonym":"Ελληνικά","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"eml","autonym":"emiliàn e rumagnòl","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"eo","autonym":"Esperanto","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"es","autonym":"español","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"et","autonym":"eesti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"eu","autonym":"euskara","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fat","autonym":"mfantse","dir" :"ltr"},{"lang":"ff","autonym":"Fulfulde","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fi","autonym":"suomi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fj","autonym":"Na Vosa Vakaviti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fo","autonym":"føroyskt","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fon","autonym":"fɔ̀ngbè","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fr","autonym":"français","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"frp","autonym":"arpetan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"frr","autonym":"Nordfriisk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fur","autonym":"furlan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fy","autonym":"Frysk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gag","autonym":"Gagauz","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gan","autonym":"贛語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gcr","autonym":"kriyòl gwiyannen","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gl","autonym":"galego","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"glk","autonym":"گیلکی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"gn","autonym":"Avañe'ẽ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gom","autonym":"गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gor","autonym":"Bahasa Hulontalo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gpe","autonym":"Ghanaian Pidgin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gu", "autonym":"ગુજરાતી","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guc","autonym":"wayuunaiki","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gur","autonym":"farefare","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guw","autonym":"gungbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gv","autonym":"Gaelg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ha","autonym":"Hausa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hak","autonym":"客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"haw","autonym":"Hawaiʻi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"he","autonym":"עברית","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"hi","autonym":"हिन्दी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hif","autonym":"Fiji Hindi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hr","autonym":"hrvatski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hsb","autonym":"hornjoserbsce","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ht","autonym":"Kreyòl ayisyen","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hu","autonym":"magyar","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hy","autonym":"հայերեն","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hyw","autonym":"Արեւմտահայերէն","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ia","autonym":"interlingua","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"iba","autonym":"Jaku Iban","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ie","autonym": "Interlingue","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ig","autonym":"Igbo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"igl","autonym":"Igala","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ilo","autonym":"Ilokano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"io","autonym":"Ido","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"is","autonym":"íslenska","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"it","autonym":"italiano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"iu","autonym":"ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ja","autonym":"日本語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"jam","autonym":"Patois","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"jv","autonym":"Jawa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ka","autonym":"ქართული","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kaa","autonym":"Qaraqalpaqsha","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kab","autonym":"Taqbaylit","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kbd","autonym":"адыгэбзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kbp","autonym":"Kabɩyɛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kcg","autonym":"Tyap","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kg","autonym":"Kongo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kge","autonym":"Kumoring","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ki","autonym":"Gĩkũyũ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kk","autonym":"қазақша","dir" :"ltr"},{"lang":"kl","autonym":"kalaallisut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"km","autonym":"ភាសាខ្មែរ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kn","autonym":"ಕನ್ನಡ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ko","autonym":"한국어","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"koi","autonym":"перем коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"krc","autonym":"къарачай-малкъар","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ks","autonym":"कॉशुर / کٲشُر","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ku","autonym":"kurdî","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kus","autonym":"Kʋsaal","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kv","autonym":"коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kw","autonym":"kernowek","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ky","autonym":"кыргызча","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lad","autonym":"Ladino","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lb","autonym":"Lëtzebuergesch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lez","autonym":"лезги","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lg","autonym":"Luganda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"li","autonym":"Limburgs","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lij","autonym":"Ligure","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lld","autonym":"Ladin","dir":"ltr"},{ "lang":"lmo","autonym":"lombard","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ln","autonym":"lingála","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lo","autonym":"ລາວ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lt","autonym":"lietuvių","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ltg","autonym":"latgaļu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lv","autonym":"latviešu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mad","autonym":"Madhurâ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mai","autonym":"मैथिली","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"map-bms","autonym":"Basa Banyumasan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mdf","autonym":"мокшень","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mg","autonym":"Malagasy","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mhr","autonym":"олык марий","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mi","autonym":"Māori","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"min","autonym":"Minangkabau","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mk","autonym":"македонски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ml","autonym":"മലയാളം","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mn","autonym":"монгол","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mni","autonym":"ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mnw","autonym":"ဘာသာမန်","dir":"ltr"},{ "lang":"mos","autonym":"moore","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mr","autonym":"मराठी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mrj","autonym":"кырык мары","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ms","autonym":"Bahasa Melayu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mt","autonym":"Malti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mwl","autonym":"Mirandés","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"my","autonym":"မြန်မာဘာသာ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"myv","autonym":"эрзянь","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mzn","autonym":"مازِرونی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"nah","autonym":"Nāhuatl","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nan","autonym":"閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nap","autonym":"Napulitano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nb","autonym":"norsk bokmål","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nds","autonym":"Plattdüütsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nds-nl","autonym":"Nedersaksies","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ne","autonym":"नेपाली","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"new","autonym":"नेपाल भाषा","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nia","autonym":"Li Niha","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nl","autonym": "Nederlands","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nn","autonym":"norsk nynorsk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nqo","autonym":"ߒߞߏ","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"nr","autonym":"isiNdebele seSewula","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nso","autonym":"Sesotho sa Leboa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ny","autonym":"Chi-Chewa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"oc","autonym":"occitan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"om","autonym":"Oromoo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"or","autonym":"ଓଡ଼ିଆ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"os","autonym":"ирон","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pa","autonym":"ਪੰਜਾਬੀ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pag","autonym":"Pangasinan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pam","autonym":"Kapampangan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pap","autonym":"Papiamentu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcd","autonym":"Picard","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcm","autonym":"Naijá","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pdc","autonym":"Deitsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pl","autonym":"polski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pms","autonym":"Piemontèis","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pnb","autonym":"پنجابی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ps","autonym": "پښتو","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"pt","autonym":"português","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pwn","autonym":"pinayuanan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"qu","autonym":"Runa Simi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rm","autonym":"rumantsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rn","autonym":"ikirundi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ro","autonym":"română","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rsk","autonym":"руски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rue","autonym":"русиньскый","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rup","autonym":"armãneashti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rw","autonym":"Ikinyarwanda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sa","autonym":"संस्कृतम्","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sah","autonym":"саха тыла","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sat","autonym":"ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sc","autonym":"sardu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"scn","autonym":"sicilianu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sco","autonym":"Scots","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sd","autonym":"سنڌي","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"se","autonym":"davvisámegiella","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sg","autonym":"Sängö","dir":"ltr"},{ "lang":"sgs","autonym":"žemaitėška","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sh","autonym":"srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"shi","autonym":"Taclḥit","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"shn","autonym":"ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"si","autonym":"සිංහල","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sk","autonym":"slovenčina","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"skr","autonym":"سرائیکی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"sl","autonym":"slovenščina","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sm","autonym":"Gagana Samoa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"smn","autonym":"anarâškielâ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sn","autonym":"chiShona","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"so","autonym":"Soomaaliga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sq","autonym":"shqip","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sr","autonym":"српски / srpski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"srn","autonym":"Sranantongo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ss","autonym":"SiSwati","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"st","autonym":"Sesotho","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"stq","autonym":"Seeltersk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"su","autonym":"Sunda","dir": "ltr"},{"lang":"sv","autonym":"svenska","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sw","autonym":"Kiswahili","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"szl","autonym":"ślůnski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ta","autonym":"தமிழ்","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tay","autonym":"Tayal","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tcy","autonym":"ತುಳು","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tdd","autonym":"ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"te","autonym":"తెలుగు","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tet","autonym":"tetun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tg","autonym":"тоҷикӣ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"th","autonym":"ไทย","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ti","autonym":"ትግርኛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tk","autonym":"Türkmençe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tl","autonym":"Tagalog","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tly","autonym":"tolışi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tn","autonym":"Setswana","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"to","autonym":"lea faka-Tonga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tpi","autonym":"Tok Pisin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tr","autonym":"Türkçe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"trv","autonym":"Seediq", "dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ts","autonym":"Xitsonga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tt","autonym":"татарча / tatarça","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tum","autonym":"chiTumbuka","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tw","autonym":"Twi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ty","autonym":"reo tahiti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tyv","autonym":"тыва дыл","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"udm","autonym":"удмурт","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ur","autonym":"اردو","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"uz","autonym":"oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ve","autonym":"Tshivenda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vec","autonym":"vèneto","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vep","autonym":"vepsän kel’","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vi","autonym":"Tiếng Việt","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vls","autonym":"West-Vlams","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vo","autonym":"Volapük","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vro","autonym":"võro","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wa","autonym":"walon","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"war","autonym":"Winaray","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wo","autonym":"Wolof","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wuu","autonym":"吴语", "dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xal","autonym":"хальмг","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xh","autonym":"isiXhosa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xmf","autonym":"მარგალური","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"yi","autonym":"ייִדיש","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"yo","autonym":"Yorùbá","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"yue","autonym":"粵語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"za","autonym":"Vahcuengh","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"zgh","autonym":"ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"zh","autonym":"中文","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"zu","autonym":"isiZulu","dir":"ltr"}],"wgSectionTranslationTargetLanguages":["ace","ady","alt","am","ami","an","ang","ann","anp","ar","ary","arz","as","ast","av","avk","awa","ay","az","azb","ba","ban","bar","bbc","bcl","bdr","be","bew","bg","bho","bi","bjn","blk","bm","bn","bo","bpy","br","bs","btm","bug","ca","cdo","ce","ceb","ch","chr","ckb","co","cr","crh","cs","cu","cy","da","dag","de","dga","din","diq","dsb","dtp","dv","dz","ee","el","eml","eo","es","et","eu","fa","fat","ff", "fi","fj","fo","fon","fr","frp","frr","fur","fy","gag","gan","gcr","gl","glk","gn","gom","gor","gpe","gu","guc","gur","guw","gv","ha","hak","haw","he","hi","hif","hr","hsb","ht","hu","hy","hyw","ia","iba","ie","ig","igl","ilo","io","is","it","iu","ja","jam","jv","ka","kaa","kab","kbd","kbp","kcg","kg","kge","ki","kk","kl","km","kn","ko","koi","krc","ks","ku","kus","kv","kw","ky","lad","lb","lez","lg","li","lij","lld","lmo","ln","lo","lt","ltg","lv","mad","mai","map-bms","mdf","mg","mhr","mi","min","mk","ml","mn","mni","mnw","mos","mr","mrj","ms","mt","mwl","my","myv","mzn","nah","nan","nap","nb","nds","nds-nl","ne","new","nia","nl","nn","nqo","nr","nso","ny","oc","om","or","os","pa","pag","pam","pap","pcd","pcm","pdc","pl","pms","pnb","ps","pt","pwn","qu","rm","rn","ro","rsk","rue","rup","rw","sa","sah","sat","sc","scn","sco","sd","se","sg","sgs","sh","shi","shn","si","sk","skr","sl","sm","smn","sn","so","sq","sr","srn","ss","st","stq","su","sv","sw","szl","ta","tay","tcy","tdd","te", "tet","tg","th","ti","tk","tl","tly","tn","to","tpi","tr","trv","ts","tt","tum","tw","ty","tyv","udm","ur","uz","ve","vec","vep","vi","vls","vo","vro","wa","war","wo","wuu","xal","xh","xmf","yi","yo","yue","za","zgh","zh","zu"],"isLanguageSearcherCXEntrypointEnabled":true,"mintEntrypointLanguages":["ace","ast","azb","bcl","bjn","bh","crh","ff","fon","ig","is","ki","ks","lmo","min","sat","ss","tn","vec"],"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q17110442","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgMinervaPermissions":{"watchable":true,"watch":false},"wgMinervaFeatures":{"beta":false,"donate":true,"mobileOptionsLink":true,"categories":false,"pageIssues":true,"talkAtTop":true,"historyInPageActions":false,"overflowSubmenu":false, "tabsOnSpecials":true,"personalMenu":false,"mainMenuExpanded":false,"echo":true,"nightMode":true},"wgMinervaDownloadNamespaces":[0]};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.content.styles.images":"ready","mediawiki.hlist":"ready","skins.minerva.codex.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.icons":"ready","skins.minerva.amc.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","mobile.init.styles":"ready","ext.relatedArticles.styles":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.minerva.scripts","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.popups","mobile.init", "ext.echo.centralauth","ext.relatedArticles.readMore.bootstrap","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.entrypoints.mffrequentlanguages","ext.cx.entrypoints.languagesearcher.init","mw.externalguidance.init","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.relatedArticles.styles%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.hlist%7Cmobile.init.styles%7Cskins.minerva.amc.styles%7Cskins.minerva.codex.styles%7Cskins.minerva.content.styles.images%7Cskins.minerva.icons%2Cstyles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=minerva"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=minerva"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=minerva"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#eaecf0"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Burundi_landscape.jpg/1200px-Burundi_landscape.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="803"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Burundi_landscape.jpg/800px-Burundi_landscape.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="536"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Burundi_landscape.jpg/640px-Burundi_landscape.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="428"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes, minimum-scale=0.25, maximum-scale=5.0"> <meta property="og:title" content="Wildlife of Burundi - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="manifest" href="/w/api.php?action=webapp-manifest"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_Burundi&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildlife_of_Burundi"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Wildlife_of_Burundi rootpage-Wildlife_of_Burundi stable issues-group-B skin-minerva action-view skin--responsive mw-mf-amc-disabled mw-mf"><div id="mw-mf-viewport"> <div id="mw-mf-page-center"> <a class="mw-mf-page-center__mask" href="#"></a> <header class="header-container header-chrome"> <div class="minerva-header"> <nav class="navigation-drawer toggle-list view-border-box"> <input type="checkbox" id="main-menu-input" class="toggle-list__checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-labelledby="mw-mf-main-menu-button"> <label role="button" for="main-menu-input" id="mw-mf-main-menu-button" aria-hidden="true" data-event-name="ui.mainmenu" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet toggle-list__toggle"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--menu"></span> <span></span> </label> <div id="mw-mf-page-left" class="menu view-border-box"> <ul id="p-navigation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--home" href="/wiki/Main_Page" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--home"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Home</span> </a> </li> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--random" href="/wiki/Special:Random" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--die"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Random</span> </a> </li> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--nearby" href="/wiki/Special:Nearby" data-event-name="menu.nearby" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--mapPin"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Nearby</span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul id="p-personal" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--login" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Wildlife+of+Burundi" data-event-name="menu.login" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--logIn"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Log in</span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul id="pt-preferences" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--settings" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:MobileOptions&returnto=Wildlife+of+Burundi" data-event-name="menu.settings" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--settings"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Settings</span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul id="p-donation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--donate" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en&utm_key=minerva" data-event-name="menu.donate" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--heart"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Donate</span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="hlist"> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--about" href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" data-mw="interface"> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">About Wikipedia</span> </a> </li> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--disclaimers" href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer" data-mw="interface"> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Disclaimers</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <label class="main-menu-mask" for="main-menu-input"></label> </nav> <div class="branding-box"> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page"> <span><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </span> </a> </div> <form action="/w/index.php" method="get" class="minerva-search-form"> <div class="search-box"> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"/> <input class="search skin-minerva-search-trigger" id="searchInput" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> <span class="search-box-icon-overlay"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> </span> </div> <button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="User navigation"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Wildlife of Burundi</span></h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <ul id="p-associated-pages" class="minerva__tab-container"> <li class="minerva__tab selected"> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Burundi" rel="" data-event-name="tabs.subject">Article</a> </li> <li class="minerva__tab "> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Talk:Wildlife_of_Burundi" rel="discussion" data-event-name="tabs.talk">Talk</a> </li> </ul> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" href="#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Language" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Language</span> </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Wildlife+of+Burundi" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--star"></span> <span>Watch</span> </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_Burundi&action=edit" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Edit</span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav>  <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><p>The <a href="/wiki/Wildlife" title="Wildlife">wildlife</a> of <a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a> is composed of its <a href="/wiki/Flora" title="Flora">flora</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fauna" title="Fauna">fauna</a>. The small, landlocked country is home to 2,950 species of plants, 596 birds, 163 species of mammals, 52 species of reptiles, 56 species of amphibians, and 215 fish species.<sup id="cite_ref-UNEP_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNEP-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The wildlife has been drastically reduced in recent years, mainly on account of intense <a href="/wiki/Population_pressure" title="Population pressure">population pressure</a>, <a href="/wiki/Land_conversion" class="mw-redirect" title="Land conversion">conversion</a> of large areas of forest into <a href="/wiki/Agricultural_land" title="Agricultural land">agricultural land</a>, and extensive <a href="/wiki/Livestock" title="Livestock">livestock</a> farming.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEast199974_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEast199974-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The protected area encompasses little more than 5% of the total area of the country. </p><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:364px;max-width:364px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:362px;max-width:362px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Burundi_landscape.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Burundi_landscape.jpg/360px-Burundi_landscape.jpg" decoding="async" width="360" height="241" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Burundi_landscape.jpg/540px-Burundi_landscape.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Burundi_landscape.jpg/720px-Burundi_landscape.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592"></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Landscapes of <a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a>.</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:362px;max-width:362px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bujumbura_%26_Lake_Tanganyika.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Bujumbura_%26_Lake_Tanganyika.JPG/360px-Bujumbura_%26_Lake_Tanganyika.JPG" decoding="async" width="360" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Bujumbura_%26_Lake_Tanganyika.JPG/540px-Bujumbura_%26_Lake_Tanganyika.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Bujumbura_%26_Lake_Tanganyika.JPG/720px-Bujumbura_%26_Lake_Tanganyika.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1991" data-file-height="1496"></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Bujumbura" title="Bujumbura">Bujumbura</a> on the banks of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Tanganyika" title="Lake Tanganyika">Lake Tanganyika</a>.</div></div></div></div></div> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Legal_status"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Legal status</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Habitat"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Habitat</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Protected_areas"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Protected areas</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Flora"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Flora</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Fauna"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Fauna</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Mammals"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Mammals</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Birds"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Birds</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Environment"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Environment</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#Bibliography"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Bibliography</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Legal_status">Legal status</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_Burundi&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Legal status" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>With one exception, there were no national laws on conservation of wildlife during the colonial rule of <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> nor any national parks established. The exception was a <a href="/wiki/Forest_reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="Forest reserve">forest reserve</a>, established in 1933. Before 1980, little action was taken to protect wildlife. The first Act issued was Decree No. 1/6, dated 3 March 1980, under which <a href="/wiki/National_park" title="National park">national parks</a> (<i>parc nationaux</i>) and reserves were proposed to preserve and conserve wildlife. Under this decree, forest boundaries were to be defined. The Forest Code of 25 March 1985 was an enabling law under which protected forest areas were decreed, and reserve areas were specified. A national institute for conservation was established, the National Institute for the Conservation of Nature, under the decree of March 1980; now renamed as the National Institute for Environment and Conservation of Nature. It has the responsibility to establish national parks and reserves. It also undertakes scientific research in flora and fauna as well as promoting <a href="/wiki/Ecotourism" title="Ecotourism">ecotourism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWCMC199142_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWCMC199142-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Habitat">Habitat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_Burundi&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Habitat" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RusiziRiver.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/RusiziRiver.jpg/220px-RusiziRiver.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/RusiziRiver.jpg/220px-RusiziRiver.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/RusiziRiver.jpg/330px-RusiziRiver.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/RusiziRiver.jpg/440px-RusiziRiver.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Rusizi_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Rusizi River">Rusizi River</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The wildlife habitat of Burundi, spread over its 15 provinces, is effected by the moderate tropical climate, dominated by variation in elevation. An average annual temperature of 20 °C (68 °F) is recorded in the plateau region while the <a href="/wiki/Great_Rift_Valley_(geographical_concept)" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Rift Valley (geographical concept)">Rift Valley</a> records a temperature of 23 °C (73 °F). Dry season lasts from June to August and again from December to January.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAppiahGates,_Jr.2010221_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAppiahGates,_Jr.2010221-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rainy season is from October to December with annual rainfall varying from 500–2,000 millimetres (20–79 in); Bujumbura, the largest city and former capital, has an average rainfall of 960 millimetres (38 in). The western mountain region receives an average rainfall of 1,375 millimetres (54.1 in); the eastern plateaus, however, receive an annual rainfall in the range of 1,100–1,250 millimetres (43–49 in).<sup id="cite_ref-KW128_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KW128-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The country is dominated by hilly plateaus.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAppiahGates,_Jr.2010221_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAppiahGates,_Jr.2010221-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The elevation in the plateau varies from 1,400–1,800 metres (4,600–5,900 ft) with the decreasing trend recorded towards the east and southeast of the country. Its biodiversity is broadly categorized under the terrestrial ecosystems, and the aquatic and semi-aquatic ecosystems.<sup id="cite_ref-UNEP_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNEP-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The western area of the country is narrow and borders <a href="/wiki/Lake_Tanganyika" title="Lake Tanganyika">Lake Tanganyika</a>, formed by the trough of the Rift Valley and the <a href="/wiki/Rusizi_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Rusizi River">Rusizi River</a> (formed by the border with <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">DR Congo</a>). The western region of the country is formed by the hilly terrain of the <a href="/wiki/Congo-Nile_Divide" class="mw-redirect" title="Congo-Nile Divide">Congo-Nile Divide</a>, with many hills lying above 2,500 metres (8,200 ft) elevation; the highest mountains are <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Teza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mount Teza (page does not exist)">Mount Teza</a> at 2,665 metres (8,743 ft) and <a href="/wiki/Mount_Heha" title="Mount Heha">Mount Heha</a> at 2,670 metres (8,760 ft). The central plateau (about 2,100 metres (6,900 ft) in elevation) forms the middle part of the country. In the southeast, the Malagarasi River flows through the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumoso&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kumoso (page does not exist)">Kumoso</a> depression and borders <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a>. The northern part of the country is formed of lowland in the <a href="/wiki/Commune_of_Bweru" title="Commune of Bweru">Bweru</a> Bugesera region and has two lakes, <a href="/wiki/Lake_Cohoha" title="Lake Cohoha">Cohoha</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lake_Rweru" title="Lake Rweru">Rweru</a>; this region is distinct for its <i><a href="/wiki/Cyperus_papyrus" title="Cyperus papyrus">Cyperus papyrus</a></i> vegetation.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The forest area is limited to 127,662 hectares (315,460 acres), and the wetlands account for 120,000 hectares (300,000 acres) (about 5% of the total area of the country). The <a href="/wiki/Montane_forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Montane forest">montane forest</a>, which occupied nearly 33 to 50% of the country in the past, is mostly denuded and only a patch of 800 hectares (2,000 acres) of closed forest is recorded on the banks of Lake Tanganyika. Lake Tanganyika, the second-deepest lake in the world, has a water spread of only 8% in Burundi.<sup id="cite_ref-KW128_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KW128-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other rivers are the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malagarisi_River&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malagarisi River (page does not exist)">Malagarisi</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Ruvuvu_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruvuvu River">Ruvuvu</a>. Ruviyaronza, an upper branch of the <a href="/wiki/Kagera_River" title="Kagera River">Kagera River</a>, is the head stream of the <a href="/wiki/Nile" title="Nile">Nile</a> which rises in Burundi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAppiahGates,_Jr.2010221_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAppiahGates,_Jr.2010221-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAppiahGates,_Jr.2010244_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAppiahGates,_Jr.2010244-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The river systems of the country fall under the two main hydrographical basins of the Nile and the <a href="/wiki/Congo_Basin" title="Congo Basin">Congo Basin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-UNEP_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNEP-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The dominant vegetation that encompasses most of the habitats is of <a href="/wiki/Savanna" title="Savanna">savanna</a>. <a href="/wiki/Acacia" title="Acacia">Acacia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eucalyptus" title="Eucalyptus">eucalyptus</a>, and oil palm trees are common.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAppiahGates,_Jr.2010221_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAppiahGates,_Jr.2010221-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Protected_areas">Protected areas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_Burundi&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Protected areas" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rusizi_National_Park_-_Flickr_-_Dave_Proffer_(4).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Rusizi_National_Park_-_Flickr_-_Dave_Proffer_%284%29.jpg/220px-Rusizi_National_Park_-_Flickr_-_Dave_Proffer_%284%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="628" data-file-height="429"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 150px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Rusizi_National_Park_-_Flickr_-_Dave_Proffer_%284%29.jpg/220px-Rusizi_National_Park_-_Flickr_-_Dave_Proffer_%284%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="150" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Rusizi_National_Park_-_Flickr_-_Dave_Proffer_%284%29.jpg/330px-Rusizi_National_Park_-_Flickr_-_Dave_Proffer_%284%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Rusizi_National_Park_-_Flickr_-_Dave_Proffer_%284%29.jpg/440px-Rusizi_National_Park_-_Flickr_-_Dave_Proffer_%284%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>View of Rusizi National Park in 2007</figcaption></figure> <p>There are three national parks in Burundi: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kibira_National_Park" title="Kibira National Park">Kibira National Park</a> is 40,000 hectares (99,000 acres) in size and contains the country's largest rainforest and borders Rwanda's <a href="/wiki/Nyungwe_Forest" title="Nyungwe Forest">Nyungwe National Park</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHamBewerButlerCarillet2010640_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHamBewerButlerCarillet2010640-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Word_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Word-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruvubu_National_Park" title="Ruvubu National Park">Ruvubu National Park</a> covers 50,800 hectares (126,000 acres), making it the largest park in the country. It is known for its hiking trails and has expansive views.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHamBewerButlerCarillet2010640_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHamBewerButlerCarillet2010640-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Word_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Word-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusizi_National_Park" title="Rusizi National Park">Rusizi National Park</a> covers 9,000 hectares (22,000 acres), 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from <a href="/wiki/Bujumbura" title="Bujumbura">Bujumbura</a> (the former capital of Burundi). It is wetland, with <a href="/wiki/Hippopotamus" title="Hippopotamus">hippos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sitatunga" title="Sitatunga">sitatunga</a> (aquatic antelopes) and many species of birds.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHamBewerButlerCarillet2010640_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHamBewerButlerCarillet2010640-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Word_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Word-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Declared a national park in 1990, it is situated in the flood plains of the <a href="/wiki/Rusizi_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Rusizi River">Rusizi River</a> in the outer limits of Bujumbura.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEast199974_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEast199974-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Apart from the national parks, there are four reserves: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lac_Rwihinda_Nature_Reserve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lac Rwihinda Nature Reserve (page does not exist)">Lac Rwihinda Nature Reserve</a> – 8,000 hectares (20,000 acres)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bururi_Forest_Nature_Reserve" title="Bururi Forest Nature Reserve">Bururi Forest Nature Reserve</a> – 3,300 hectares (8,200 acres) (which has the last vestiges of <a href="/wiki/Montane_forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Montane forest">montane forest</a> in the country)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEast199974_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEast199974-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumonge_Nature_Reserve" title="Rumonge Nature Reserve">Rumonge Nature Reserve</a> – 5,000 hectares (12,000 acres)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kigwena_Forest_Nature_Reserve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kigwena Forest Nature Reserve (page does not exist)">Kigwena Forest Nature Reserve</a> – 800 hectares (2,000 acres)</li></ul> <p>In addition, there are two natural monuments: <a href="/wiki/Chutes_de_la_Kagera" class="mw-redirect" title="Chutes de la Kagera">Chutes de la Kagera</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyakazu_Gorge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nyakazu Gorge (page does not exist)">Nyakazu Gorge</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Word_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Word-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Flora">Flora</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_Burundi&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Flora" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:428px;max-width:428px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2009-05-17Rotheca_myricoides044-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/2009-05-17Rotheca_myricoides044-01.jpg/200px-2009-05-17Rotheca_myricoides044-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 150px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/2009-05-17Rotheca_myricoides044-01.jpg/200px-2009-05-17Rotheca_myricoides044-01.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="200" data-height="150" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/2009-05-17Rotheca_myricoides044-01.jpg/300px-2009-05-17Rotheca_myricoides044-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/2009-05-17Rotheca_myricoides044-01.jpg/400px-2009-05-17Rotheca_myricoides044-01.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bujumbura_(463910863).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Bujumbura_%28463910863%29.jpg/220px-Bujumbura_%28463910863%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Bujumbura_%28463910863%29.jpg/220px-Bujumbura_%28463910863%29.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Bujumbura_%28463910863%29.jpg/330px-Bujumbura_%28463910863%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Bujumbura_%28463910863%29.jpg/440px-Bujumbura_%28463910863%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Left: <i><a href="/wiki/Rotheca_myricoides" title="Rotheca myricoides">Rotheca myricoides</a></i> or butterfly bush. Right: Bujumbura flower.</div></div></div></div> <p>The flora is characterized by East African evergreen bushland and secondary grassland, as well as <a href="/wiki/Afromontane" title="Afromontane">Afromontane</a> vegetation including transitional rainforests in the western mountain region. <i><a href="/wiki/Hyphaene" title="Hyphaene">Hyphaene</a></i>–<i><a href="/wiki/Acacia" title="Acacia">Acacia</a></i> and <i>Brachystegia</i> trees are noted in the lake shores. The <i><a href="/wiki/Brachystegia" title="Brachystegia">Brachystegia</a></i>–<i><a href="/wiki/Julbernardia" title="Julbernardia">Julbernardia</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Miombo" title="Miombo">miombo</a>) trees are seen in south-eastern border area. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bugesera_region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bugesera region (page does not exist)">Bugesera region</a> in the north and the <a href="/wiki/Kumoso_depression" class="mw-redirect" title="Kumoso depression">Kumoso depression</a> on the east have profuse vegetation of <i>Acacia</i>–<i><a href="/wiki/Combretum" title="Combretum">Combretum</a></i> trees, and <i>Brachystegia</i> trees.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The vascular flora reported is of 2,950 species under 195 families. In the high altitude in particular many species of wild flora are reported to be endemic; 70 species of plants are reported in this category.<sup id="cite_ref-UNEP_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNEP-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Fauna">Fauna</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_Burundi&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Fauna" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <p>There are 163 species of mammals, 52 species of reptiles, 56 species of amphibians and 215 species of fish. It is also reported that at high altitudes, endemicity is distinct in 17 species of mammals and 22 species of birds. Lake Tanganyika has 200 species of fish and an equal number of molluscs.<sup id="cite_ref-UNEP_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNEP-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A scientific exploration team of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_El_Paso" title="University of Texas at El Paso">University of Texas at El Paso</a> found the <a href="/wiki/Bururi_long-fingered_frog" class="mw-redirect" title="Bururi long-fingered frog">Bururi long-fingered frog</a> (<i>Cardioglossa cyaneospila)</i> (considered extinct for decades), in December 2011 in the <a href="/wiki/Bururi_Forest_Nature_Reserve" title="Bururi Forest Nature Reserve">Bururi Forest Nature Reserve</a>, after it was last seen in 1949.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Seven important species of fauna reported are <i><a href="/wiki/Genetta_piscivora" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetta piscivora">Genetta piscivora</a></i> (aquatic genet), <i><a href="/wiki/Serinus_mozambicus" class="mw-redirect" title="Serinus mozambicus">Serinus mozambicus</a></i> (yellow-fronted canary), <i><a href="/wiki/Cercopithecus_lhoesti" class="mw-redirect" title="Cercopithecus lhoesti">Cercopithecus lhoesti</a></i> (L'hoest's monkey), <i><a href="/wiki/Agapornis_fischeri" class="mw-redirect" title="Agapornis fischeri">Agapornis fischeri</a></i> (Fischer's lovebird), <i><a href="/wiki/Galago_moholi" class="mw-redirect" title="Galago moholi">Galago moholi</a></i> (South African galago), <i><a href="/wiki/Hyperolius_viridiflavus" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyperolius viridiflavus">Hyperolius viridiflavus</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Hippopotamus_amphibius" class="mw-redirect" title="Hippopotamus amphibius">Hippopotamus amphibius</a></i> (hippopotamus).<sup id="cite_ref-Animal_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Animal-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rusizi_NP_hippopotamus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Rusizi_NP_hippopotamus.jpg/220px-Rusizi_NP_hippopotamus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="114" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2217" data-file-height="1149"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 114px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Rusizi_NP_hippopotamus.jpg/220px-Rusizi_NP_hippopotamus.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="114" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Rusizi_NP_hippopotamus.jpg/330px-Rusizi_NP_hippopotamus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Rusizi_NP_hippopotamus.jpg/440px-Rusizi_NP_hippopotamus.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Hippopotamus at Rusizi.</figcaption></figure> <p>The species reported under <a href="/wiki/Endangered" class="mw-redirect" title="Endangered">endangered</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vulnerable_species" title="Vulnerable species">vulnerable</a> categories (as per the IUCN's 2004 Red List) are the following: <a href="/wiki/Common_chimpanzee" class="mw-redirect" title="Common chimpanzee">chimpanzee</a> (<i>Pan troglodytes</i>) (EN), <a href="/wiki/African_wild_dog" title="African wild dog">African wild dog</a> (<i>Lycaon pictus</i>) (EN), <a href="/wiki/African_golden_cat" title="African golden cat">African golden cat</a> (<i>Profelis aurata</i>) (VU), <a href="/wiki/Carruther%27s_mountain_squirrel" title="Carruther's mountain squirrel">Carruther's mountain squirrel</a> (<i>Funisciurus carruthersi</i>) (VU), <a href="/wiki/Cheetah" title="Cheetah">cheetah</a> (<i>Acinonyx jubatus</i>) (VU), <a href="/wiki/Lion" title="Lion">lion</a> (<i>Panthera leo</i>) (VU), <a href="/wiki/Ruwenzori_shrew" title="Ruwenzori shrew">Ruwenzori shrew</a> (<i>Ruwenzorisorex suncoides</i>) (VU), and <a href="/wiki/Spotted-necked_otter" title="Spotted-necked otter">spotted-necked otter</a> (<i>Lutra maculicollis</i>) (VU).<sup id="cite_ref-Species_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Species-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mammals">Mammals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_Burundi&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Mammals" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_mammals_of_Burundi" title="List of mammals of Burundi">List of mammals of Burundi</a></div> <p>There are four subspecies of the <a href="/wiki/African_buffalo" title="African buffalo">African buffalo</a> (<i>Syncerus caffer</i>), of which the West African savanna subspecies <i>S. c. caffer</i> found in Burundi number only about 500 now.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEast1999106–107_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEast1999106%E2%80%93107-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Sitatunga" title="Sitatunga">Sitatunga</a> (<i>Tragelaphus speldi</i>) were once found in many swamps in Burundi, but by the 1980s their numbers had dwindled, and the species' present conservation status is unknown.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEast1999122–125_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEast1999122%E2%80%93125-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Waterbuck" title="Waterbuck">Waterbuck</a> (<i>Kobus ellipsiprymnus</i>), also called the <i>defassa</i> waterbuck, was found throughout Burundi in the savanna grass land, then became restricted to the Ruvibu National Park. Only were reported in the 1980s and its present status is unknown.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEast1999175–176_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEast1999175%E2%80%93176-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Lichtenstein%27s_hartebeest" title="Lichtenstein's hartebeest">Lichtenstein's hartebeest</a> (<i>Alcelaphus Lichtensteinii</i>) occurred in the southeast.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="Unfinished sentence (July 2013)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEast1999194_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEast1999194-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Korrigum" title="Korrigum">Korrigum</a> (also tsessebe, topi or tiang), <i>Damaliscus lunatus</i>, which were found in the eastern flood plains and savanna grasslands, is now <a href="/wiki/Local_extinction" title="Local extinction">extirpated</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEast1999200,_204_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEast1999200,_204-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Impala" title="Impala">Impala</a> (<i>Aepyeros melampus</i>), which once inhabited the eastern savannas, is also extirpated.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEast1999239_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEast1999239-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Oribi" title="Oribi">Oribi</a> (<i>Ourebia ourebi</i>), which occurred in the eastern and southern savanna and flood plains, is probably extirpated.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEast1999290,_293_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEast1999290,_293-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Klipspringer" title="Klipspringer">Klipspringer</a> (<i>Oreotragus oreotragus</i>), found in rocky outcrops in the south and east, is now extirpated.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEast1999300_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEast1999300-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Common_duiker" title="Common duiker">Grey duiker</a> (<i>Sylvicapra grimmia</i>) is found in large numbers in spite of extensive hunting in the eastern and southern savannas. It is found in Ruvubu National Park.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEast1999348_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEast1999348-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Birds">Birds</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_Burundi&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Birds" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ceratogymna_bucinator_JF.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Ceratogymna_bucinator_JF.jpg/250px-Ceratogymna_bucinator_JF.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1063" data-file-height="624"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Ceratogymna_bucinator_JF.jpg/250px-Ceratogymna_bucinator_JF.jpg" data-width="250" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Ceratogymna_bucinator_JF.jpg/375px-Ceratogymna_bucinator_JF.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Ceratogymna_bucinator_JF.jpg/500px-Ceratogymna_bucinator_JF.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Trumpeter_hornbill" title="Trumpeter hornbill">Trumpeter hornbill</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Burundi" title="List of birds of Burundi">List of birds of Burundi</a></div> <p>Reported avifauna include 596 species (439 resident and 109 seasonal migrants) of which 13 species of global conservation concern and three are introduced species; more species have been found but their details are not recorded (thus UNEP reports 716 species).<sup id="cite_ref-UNEP_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNEP-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are no endemic bird species.<sup id="cite_ref-KW128_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KW128-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are five <a href="/wiki/Important_Bird_Areas" class="mw-redirect" title="Important Bird Areas">Important Bird Areas</a> (IBAs) declared by <a href="/wiki/BirdLife_International" title="BirdLife International">BirdLife International</a> in the country, which cover an area of 1,018 square kilometres (393 sq mi) and which account for 3.7% of the total area of the country. These coalesce with the national parks and two forest (or nature) reserves.<sup id="cite_ref-KW128_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KW128-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to BirdLife International, there are 13 species of global conservation concern (six of non-breeding migrants, and balance of breeding type from Albertine Rift and papyrus swamps).<sup id="cite_ref-KW128_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KW128-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These include <i><a href="/wiki/Phoenicopterus_minor" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoenicopterus minor">Phoenicopterus minor</a></i> (NT), <i><a href="/wiki/Circus_macrourus" class="mw-redirect" title="Circus macrourus">Circus macrourus</a></i> (NT), <i><a href="/wiki/Falco_naumanni" class="mw-redirect" title="Falco naumanni">Falco naumanni</a></i> (VU), <i><a href="/wiki/Gallinago_media" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallinago media">Gallinago media</a></i> (NT), <i><a href="/wiki/Glareola_nordmanni" class="mw-redirect" title="Glareola nordmanni">Glareola nordmanni</a></i> (NT), <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ardeola_idea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ardeola idea (page does not exist)">Ardeola idea</a></i> (NT), <i><a href="/wiki/Lybius_rubrifacies" class="mw-redirect" title="Lybius rubrifacies">Lybius rubrifacies</a></i> (NT), <i><a href="/wiki/Kupeornis_rufocinctus" class="mw-redirect" title="Kupeornis rufocinctus">Kupeornis rufocinctus</a></i> (NT), <i><a href="/wiki/Laniarius_mufumbiri" class="mw-redirect" title="Laniarius mufumbiri">Laniarius mufumbiri</a></i> (NT), <i><a href="/wiki/Balaeniceps_rex" class="mw-redirect" title="Balaeniceps rex">Balaeniceps rex</a></i> (NT), <i><a href="/wiki/Apalis_argentea" class="mw-redirect" title="Apalis argentea">Apalis argentea</a></i> (VU), <i><a href="/wiki/Bradypterus_graueri" class="mw-redirect" title="Bradypterus graueri">Bradypterus graueri</a></i> (VU), <i><a href="/wiki/Cryptospiza_shelleyi" class="mw-redirect" title="Cryptospiza shelleyi">Cryptospiza shelleyi</a></i> (VU), <i><a href="/wiki/Calamonastides_gracilirostris" class="mw-redirect" title="Calamonastides gracilirostris">Calamonastides gracilirostris</a></i> (VU), and <i><a href="/wiki/Bugeranus_carunculatus" class="mw-redirect" title="Bugeranus carunculatus">Bugeranus carunculatus</a></i> (VU). </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Environment">Environment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_Burundi&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Environment" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <p><a href="/wiki/Deforestation" title="Deforestation">Deforestation</a> is a major problem in Burundi, with trees being cut down for fuel or for agricultural clearing;<sup id="cite_ref-Rain_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rain-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as a result, there is very little natural forest vegetation remaining.<sup id="cite_ref-Britannica_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Government conservation efforts are minimal, and only 5.4 percent of Burundi's land mass is officially protected.<sup id="cite_ref-Rain_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rain-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2005, the government announced a ban on natural <a href="/wiki/Christmas_tree" title="Christmas tree">Christmas trees</a>, claiming that around 80,000 conifers per year were lost to the Christmas trade.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc.co.uk2005_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc.co.uk2005-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Much of Burundi's wildlife is threatened with extinction, due to poaching and habitat loss. Gorillas and elephants are already completely extinct in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-Rain_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rain-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Britannica_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_Burundi&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-3"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-UNEP-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UNEP_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNEP_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNEP_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNEP_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNEP_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNEP_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFUNEP2006" class="citation web cs1">UNEP (November 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20080317214021/http%3A//www.unep.org/biosafety/files/BINBFrepEN.pdf">"National Biosafety Framework in Burundi"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. National Institute for Environment and Nature Conservation for UNEP Organization. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unep.org/biosafety/files/BINBFrepEN.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(pdf)</span> on 17 March 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Biosafety+Framework+in+Burundi&rft.pub=National+Institute+for+Environment+and+Nature+Conservation+for+UNEP+Organization&rft.date=2006-11&rft.au=UNEP&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unep.org%2Fbiosafety%2Ffiles%2FBINBFrepEN.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWildlife+of+Burundi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEast199974-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEast199974_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEast199974_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEast199974_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEast1999">East 1999</a>, p. 74.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWCMC199142-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWCMC199142_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWCMC1991">WCMC 1991</a>, p. 42.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAppiahGates,_Jr.2010221-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAppiahGates,_Jr.2010221_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAppiahGates,_Jr.2010221_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAppiahGates,_Jr.2010221_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAppiahGates,_Jr.2010221_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAppiahGates,_Jr.2010">Appiah & Gates, Jr. 2010</a>, p. 221.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KW128-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-KW128_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KW128_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KW128_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KW128_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KW128_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKanyamibwaWeghe">Kanyamibwa & Weghe</a>, p. 128.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKanyamibwaWeghe">Kanyamibwa & Weghe</a>, p. 127.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAppiahGates,_Jr.2010244-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAppiahGates,_Jr.2010244_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAppiahGates,_Jr.2010">Appiah & Gates, Jr. 2010</a>, p. 244.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHamBewerButlerCarillet2010640-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHamBewerButlerCarillet2010640_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHamBewerButlerCarillet2010640_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHamBewerButlerCarillet2010640_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHamBewerButlerCarillet2010">Ham et al. 2010</a>, p. 640.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Word-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Word_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Word_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Word_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Word_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalparks-worldwide.info/burundi.htm">"The National Parks and Nature Reserves of Burundi"</a>. World Institute for Conservation and Environment<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+National+Parks+and+Nature+Reserves+of+Burundi&rft.pub=World+Institute+for+Conservation+and+Environment&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalparks-worldwide.info%2Fburundi.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWildlife+of+Burundi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKanyamibwaWeghe">Kanyamibwa & Weghe</a>, pp. 127-128.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150321190219/http://www.wildlifeextra.com/go/news/bururi-frog.html#cr">"Extinct frog rediscovered in Burundi"</a>. Wildlife Extra.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wildlifeextra.com/go/news/bururi-frog.html#cr">the original</a> on 21 March 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Extinct+frog+rediscovered+in+Burundi&rft.pub=Wildlife+Extra.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wildlifeextra.com%2Fgo%2Fnews%2Fbururi-frog.html%23cr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWildlife+of+Burundi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Animal-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Animal_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/">"Animalia: Taxon Information"</a>. Animal Diversity Organization<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Animalia%3A+Taxon+Information&rft.pub=Animal+Diversity+Organization&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fanimaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWildlife+of+Burundi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Species-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Species_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.animalinfo.org/country/burundi.htm">"Threatened Species"</a>. Animal Info Organization<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Threatened+Species&rft.pub=Animal+Info+Organization&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.animalinfo.org%2Fcountry%2Fburundi.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWildlife+of+Burundi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEast1999106–107-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEast1999106%E2%80%93107_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEast1999">East 1999</a>, pp. 106–107.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEast1999122–125-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEast1999122%E2%80%93125_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEast1999">East 1999</a>, pp. 122–125.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEast1999175–176-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEast1999175%E2%80%93176_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEast1999">East 1999</a>, pp. 175–176.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEast1999194-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEast1999194_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEast1999">East 1999</a>, p. 194.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEast1999200,_204-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEast1999200,_204_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEast1999">East 1999</a>, pp. 200, 204.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEast1999239-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEast1999239_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEast1999">East 1999</a>, p. 239.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEast1999290,_293-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEast1999290,_293_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEast1999">East 1999</a>, pp. 290, 293.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEast1999300-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEast1999300_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEast1999">East 1999</a>, p. 300.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEast1999348-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEast1999348_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEast1999">East 1999</a>, p. 348.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rain-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rain_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rain_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rain_23-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rainforests.mongabay.com/20burundi.htm">"Burundi"</a>. Rainforest Mongabay.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Burundi&rft.pub=Rainforest+Mongabay.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frainforests.mongabay.com%2F20burundi.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWildlife+of+Burundi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Britannica-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/85931/Burundi/40655/Plant-and-animal-life">"Plant and animal life"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Plant+and+animal+life&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F85931%2FBurundi%2F40655%2FPlant-and-animal-life&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWildlife+of+Burundi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc.co.uk2005-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bbc.co.uk2005_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4549996.stm">"Christmas trees banned in Burundi"</a>. BBC News. 21 December 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Christmas+trees+banned+in+Burundi&rft.date=2005-12-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fafrica%2F4549996.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWildlife+of+Burundi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.terradaily.com/2005/051223122348.rbi5pnml.html">"Burundi: yes, we have no Christmas trees"</a>. TerraDaily. 23 December 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Burundi%3A+yes%2C+we+have+no+Christmas+trees&rft.pub=TerraDaily&rft.date=2005-12-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.terradaily.com%2F2005%2F051223122348.rbi5pnml.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWildlife+of+Burundi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_Burundi&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Bibliography" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAppiahGates,_Jr.2010" class="citation book cs1">Appiah, Kwame Anthony; Gates, Jr., Henry Louis (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=A0XNvklcqbwC&pg=PA221"><i>Encyclopaedia of Africa</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-533770-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-533770-9"><bdi>978-0-19-533770-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Africa&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-19-533770-9&rft.aulast=Appiah&rft.aufirst=Kwame+Anthony&rft.au=Gates%2C+Jr.%2C+Henry+Louis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DA0XNvklcqbwC%26pg%3DPA221&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWildlife+of+Burundi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEast1999" class="citation book cs1">East, Rod (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=59Ci3C8BCmEC&pg=PA74"><i>African Antelope Database 1998</i></a>. IUCN. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-8317-0477-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-8317-0477-7"><bdi>978-2-8317-0477-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=African+Antelope+Database+1998&rft.pub=IUCN&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-2-8317-0477-7&rft.aulast=East&rft.aufirst=Rod&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D59Ci3C8BCmEC%26pg%3DPA74&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWildlife+of+Burundi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamBewerButlerCarillet2010" class="citation book cs1">Ham, Anthony; Bewer, Tim; Butler, Stuart; Carillet, Jean-Bernard; Paul Clammer; Matthew D Firestone; Mary Fitzpatrick; Katharina Lobeck Kane; Kate Thomas (1 September 2010). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lonelyplanetafri00anth"><i>Lonely Planet Africa</i></a></span>. Lonely Planet. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lonelyplanetafri00anth/page/n641">640</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-74220-308-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-74220-308-9"><bdi>978-1-74220-308-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lonely+Planet+Africa&rft.pages=640&rft.pub=Lonely+Planet&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.isbn=978-1-74220-308-9&rft.aulast=Ham&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.au=Bewer%2C+Tim&rft.au=Butler%2C+Stuart&rft.au=Carillet%2C+Jean-Bernard&rft.au=Paul+Clammer&rft.au=Matthew+D+Firestone&rft.au=Mary+Fitzpatrick&rft.au=Katharina+Lobeck+Kane&rft.au=Kate+Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flonelyplanetafri00anth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWildlife+of+Burundi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKanyamibwaWeghe" class="citation web cs1">Kanyamibwa, Samuel; Weghe, Jean-Pierre Vande. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130108031550/http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/userfiles/file/IBAs/AfricaCntryPDFs/Burundi.pdf">"Burundi"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. BirdLife International Organization. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/userfiles/file/IBAs/AfricaCntryPDFs/Burundi.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(pdf)</span> on 8 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Burundi&rft.pub=BirdLife+International+Organization&rft.aulast=Kanyamibwa&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft.au=Weghe%2C+Jean-Pierre+Vande&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.birdlife.org%2Fdatazone%2Fuserfiles%2Ffile%2FIBAs%2FAfricaCntryPDFs%2FBurundi.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWildlife+of+Burundi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUNEP" class="citation web cs1">UNEP. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20080317214021/http%3A//www.unep.org/biosafety/files/BINBFrepEN.pdf">"National Biosafety Framework in Burundi"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. UNEP Organization. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unep.org/biosafety/files/BINBFrepEN.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(pdf)</span> on 17 March 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Biosafety+Framework+in+Burundi&rft.pub=UNEP+Organization&rft.au=UNEP&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unep.org%2Fbiosafety%2Ffiles%2FBINBFrepEN.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWildlife+of+Burundi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWCMC1991" class="citation book cs1">World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GAtfSkr1q6sC&pg=PT42"><i>Protected Areas of the World: Afrotropical</i></a>. IUCN. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-8317-0092-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-8317-0092-2"><bdi>978-2-8317-0092-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Protected+Areas+of+the+World%3A+Afrotropical&rft.pub=IUCN&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-2-8317-0092-2&rft.au=World+Conservation+Monitoring+Centre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGAtfSkr1q6sC%26pg%3DPT42&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWildlife+of+Burundi" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_Burundi&oldid=1255964763">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_Burundi&oldid=1255964763</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_Burundi&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Randy Kryn" data-user-gender="male" data-timestamp="1730989440"> <span>Last edited on 7 November 2024, at 14:24</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%B4_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="حیات وحش بوروندی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حیات وحش بوروندی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 7 November 2024, at 14:24<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-terms-use"><a href="https://foundation.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Terms of Use</a></li> <li id="footer-places-desktop-toggle"><a id="mw-mf-display-toggle" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_Burundi&mobileaction=toggle_view_desktop" data-event-name="switch_to_desktop">Desktop</a></li> </ul> </div> </footer> </div> </div> <div class="mw-notification-area" data-mw="interface"></div>  <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-96sb8","wgBackendResponseTime":166,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.718","walltime":"1.127","ppvisitednodes":{"value":4150,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":85174,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":10114,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":14,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":27,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":77334,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 834.636 1 -total"," 19.62% 163.753 1 Template:Reflist"," 18.94% 158.090 1 Template:Short_description"," 14.93% 124.574 10 Template:Cite_web"," 13.84% 115.478 1 Template:Wildlife_of_Africa"," 13.43% 112.088 1 Template:Africa_topic"," 12.79% 106.749 2 Template:Pagetype"," 11.92% 99.506 1 Template:Navbox"," 11.22% 93.663 1 Template:Burundi_topics"," 10.85% 90.556 21 Template:Sfn"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.410","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":10022646,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAppiahGates,_Jr.2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEast1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHamBewerButlerCarillet2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKanyamibwaWeghe\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUNEP\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUNEP2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWCMC1991\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Burundi topics\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 4,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 10,\n [\"Clarify\"] = 1,\n [\"Convert\"] = 23,\n [\"Harvid\"] = 4,\n [\"Main\"] = 2,\n [\"Multiple image\"] = 2,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 21,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Wildlife of Africa\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-89558","timestamp":"20241122171308","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Wildlife of Burundi","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wildlife_of_Burundi","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q17110442","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q17110442","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2007-04-28T10:41:03Z","dateModified":"2024-11-07T14:24:00Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/69\/Burundi_landscape.jpg","headline":"Flora and fauna in Burundi"}</script><script>(window.NORLQ=window.NORLQ||[]).push(function(){var ns,i,p,img;ns=document.getElementsByTagName('noscript');for(i=0;i<ns.length;i++){p=ns[i].nextSibling;if(p&&p.className&&p.className.indexOf('lazy-image-placeholder')>-1){img=document.createElement('img');img.setAttribute('src',p.getAttribute('data-src'));img.setAttribute('width',p.getAttribute('data-width'));img.setAttribute('height',p.getAttribute('data-height'));img.setAttribute('alt',p.getAttribute('data-alt'));p.parentNode.replaceChild(img,p);}}});</script> </body> </html>