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Systèmes de signalements et de réclamations

<!DOCTYPE html> <!--[if lt IE 7]> <html class="lt-ie9 lt-ie8 lt-ie7" xml:lang="fr" lang="fr"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 7]> <html class="lt-ie9 lt-ie8" xml:lang="fr" lang="fr"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 8]> <html class="lt-ie9" xml:lang="fr" lang="fr"> <![endif]--> <!--[if gt IE 8]><!--> <html xml:lang="fr" lang="fr"> <!--<![endif]--> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>Systèmes de signalements et de réclamations</title> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/favicon.png" /> <!--[if IE]><link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" href="/favicon.ico" /><![endif]--> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /> <meta name="generator" content="Lodel 1.0" /> <meta name="description" content="OpenEdition gathers OpenEdition Books, OpenEdition Journals, Hypotheses.org and Calenda, four platforms dedicated to electronic resources in the humanities and social sciences. 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jour : 16/02/2024</p> <h1> Sommaire</h1> <p> &gt; <a href="#signalements">Syst&egrave;me de traitement des signalements</a><br /> <a href="#Quels éléments pouvez vous signaler">1) Quels sont les contenus que vous pouvez signaler ?</a><br /> <a href="#Que doit contenir votre signalement">2) Que doit contenir votre signalement ?</a></p> <p> <a href="#Que doit contenir votre signalement">3) Comment sont trait&eacute;s les contenus signal&eacute;s ?</a><br /> <a href="#Mesure prises">4) Quelles sont les mesures prises concernant les contenus manifestement illicites ?</a></p> <p> &gt; <a href="#reclamations">Syst&egrave;me de traitement des r&eacute;clamations</a><br /> &nbsp;</p> <p> OpenEdition Center met &agrave; disposition des utilisateurs de ses plateformes et des &eacute;diteurs :</p> <ul> <li> <p> un syst&egrave;me de traitement interne des signalements accessible <a href="#signalements">ici</a> ;</p> </li> <li> <p> les mesures prises en fonctions des cas litigieux ;</p> </li> <li> <p> un syst&egrave;me de r&eacute;clamation issu du <a href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/FR/TXT/?uri=uriserv%3AOJ.L_.2022.277.01.0001.01.FRA&amp;toc=OJ%3AL%3A2022%3A277%3ATOC">r&egrave;glement europ&eacute;en sur les services num&eacute;riques</a> .</p> </li> </ul> <p> &nbsp;</p> <h1> Syst&egrave;me de traitement des signalements<a name="signalements"></a></h1> <h2> 1) Quels &eacute;l&eacute;ments pouvez-vous signaler ?<a name="Quels éléments pouvez vous signaler"></a></h2> <h3> Signaler un contenu illicite</h3> <p> Tout contenu peut faire l&rsquo;objet d&rsquo;un signalement par un tiers si ce dernier estime qu&rsquo;il enfreint toute disposition l&eacute;gale en vigueur.<br /> Pour effectuer un signalement, veuillez &eacute;crire &agrave; signalement(at)openedition.org en indiquant l&rsquo;url du contenu ou &agrave; minima le titre et l&rsquo;auteur du contenu.</p> <h3> Signaler une fausse information</h3> <p> Tout contenu peut faire l&rsquo;objet d&rsquo;un signalement par un tiers si ce dernier estime qu&rsquo;il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;une fausse information. Au sens de la <a href="https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000037847559/">loi n&deg; 2018-1202 du 22 d&eacute;cembre 2018 relative &agrave; la lutte contre la manipulation de l&#39;information</a> (dite la &quot; Loi sur la d&eacute;sinformation &quot;), des fausses informations d&eacute;signent les informations inexactes susceptibles de troubler l&#39;ordre public ou d&#39;alt&eacute;rer la sinc&eacute;rit&eacute; d&#39;un des scrutins &eacute;lectoraux.<br /> Pour effectuer un signalement, veuillez &eacute;crire &agrave; signalement(at)openedition.org en indiquant l&rsquo;url du contenu ou &agrave; minima le titre et l&rsquo;auteur du contenu.</p> <h3> Signaler un probl&egrave;me de qualit&eacute;</h3> <p> Tout contenu peut faire l&rsquo;objet d&rsquo;un signalement par un tiers si ce dernier estime qu&rsquo;il pr&eacute;sente un probl&egrave;me de qualit&eacute;.<br /> Pour signaler un probl&egrave;me de qualit&eacute;, veuillez &eacute;crire &agrave; contact(at)openedition.org en indiquant la nature du probl&egrave;me de qualit&eacute; et l&rsquo;url du contenu ou &agrave; minima le titre et l&rsquo;auteur du contenu.</p> <p> &nbsp;</p> <h2> 2) Que doit contenir votre signalement ?<a name="Que doit contenir votre signalement"></a></h2> <p> Conform&eacute;ment &agrave; l&#39;article 6, I, 5. de la <a href="https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/loda/id/JORFTEXT000000801164">Loi n&deg; 2004-575 du 21 juin 2004 pour la confiance dans l&rsquo;&eacute;conomie num&eacute;rique</a> (la &laquo;&nbsp;LCEN&nbsp;&raquo;), le signalement devra comporter les informations suivantes&nbsp;:</p> <ul> <li> si l&rsquo;auteur du signalement est une personne physique : ses nom, pr&eacute;nom, adresse &eacute;lectronique ; l&rsquo;auteur du signalement est une personne morale : sa forme sociale, sa d&eacute;nomination sociale, son adresse &eacute;lectronique ; l&rsquo;auteur du signalement est une autorit&eacute; administrative : sa d&eacute;nomination et son adresse &eacute;lectronique&nbsp;;</li> <li> la description du contenu litigieux, sa localisation pr&eacute;cise et, le cas &eacute;ch&eacute;ant, la ou les url auxquelles il est rendu accessible ;</li> <li> les motifs l&eacute;gaux pour lesquels le contenu litigieux devrait &ecirc;tre retir&eacute; ou rendu inaccessible ;</li> <li> la copie de la correspondance adress&eacute;e &agrave; l&#39;auteur ou &agrave; l&#39;&eacute;diteur (tel que d&eacute;fini par la LCEN) des informations ou activit&eacute;s litigieuses demandant leur interruption, leur retrait ou leur modification, ou la justification de ce que l&#39;auteur ou&nbsp; &agrave; l&#39;&eacute;diteur (tel que d&eacute;fini par la LCEN)&nbsp;n&#39;a pu &ecirc;tre contact&eacute;.</li> </ul> <p> &nbsp;</p> <h2> 3) Comment sont trait&eacute;s les contenus signal&eacute;s ? <a name="Sytème de traitement interne des signalements"></a></h2> <p> A la r&eacute;ception de la notification de la demande par l&rsquo;&eacute;quipe d&rsquo;OpenEdition Center, cette derni&egrave;re proc&egrave;de &agrave; une premi&egrave;re analyse du signalement afin de d&eacute;terminer s&rsquo;il s&rsquo;agit (i) d&#39;un cas litigieux d&rsquo;ordre scientifique ou d&eacute;ontologique ou (ii) d&#39;un cas litigieux d&rsquo;ordre juridique.</p> <p> &nbsp;</p> <h3> i) Cas litigieux d&#39;ordre scientifique ou d&eacute;ontologique</h3> <p> Si le signalement concerne un contenu litigieux en raison d&rsquo;un manquement &eacute;thique scientifique ou d&eacute;ontologique (par exemple, un manquement aux bonnes pratiques de r&eacute;daction acad&eacute;mique et/ou scientifique, un manquement aux Bonnes pratiques promues par OpenEdition Center), l&rsquo;&eacute;quipe d&rsquo;OpenEdition Center :</p> <ul> <li> sollicitera le Conseil Scientifique pour avis (mais OpenEdition Center n&rsquo;est pas tenu par cet avis) ;</li> <li> prendra une mesure appropri&eacute;e (parmi celles &eacute;nonc&eacute;es ci-dessous) si le contenu litigieux est incompatible avec les Conditions G&eacute;n&eacute;rales d&#39;Utilisation (&laquo; CGU &raquo;) de la plateforme sur laquelle il est pr&eacute;sent.</li> </ul> <p> Apr&egrave;s r&eacute;ception de l&rsquo;avis du Conseil Scientifique, une d&eacute;cision sera prise et communiqu&eacute;e &agrave; l&rsquo;auteur du signalement et si n&eacute;cessaire &agrave; l&rsquo;&eacute;diteur/directeur de publication du contenu litigieux.</p> <p> Enfin, dans un objectif de transparence, s&#39;il est d&eacute;cid&eacute; que le contenu soit retir&eacute;, un message indiquant que le contenu a &eacute;t&eacute; retir&eacute;, appara&icirc;tra en lieu et place du contenu litigieux.</p> <p> &nbsp;</p> <h3> ii) Cas litigieux d&#39;ordre juridique</h3> <p> Si le signalement concerne un contenu litigieux qui enfreint les r&eacute;glementations en vigueur, notamment le cadre juridique rappel&eacute; dans les CGU des plateformes, le processus de traitement de ce signalement sera le suivant :</p> <p style="margin-left:36.0pt;"> <strong>Etape 1)</strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Lorsque le signalement continent les coordonn&eacute;es &eacute;lectroniques du notifiant, OpenEdition Center envoie, dans les meilleurs d&eacute;lais, un accus&eacute; de r&eacute;ception du signalement &agrave; la personne qui l&#39;a &eacute;mis.</p> <p style="margin-left:36.0pt;"> <strong>Etape 2)</strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Le CNRS est l&#39;h&eacute;bergeur technique des contenus publi&eacute;s sur ses plateformes. L&rsquo;&eacute;quipe juridique analyse ensuite le signalement et le contenu litigieux : cette derni&egrave;re, en fonction du fondement juridique invoqu&eacute; par l&rsquo;auteur du signalement, &eacute;valuera - conform&eacute;ment &agrave; son r&ocirc;le d&rsquo;h&eacute;bergeur - si le contenu est&nbsp; &laquo; manifestement illicite &raquo; (OPTION 1) ou qu&#39;un doute quant au caract&egrave;re &laquo; manifestement illicite &raquo; subsiste (OPTION 2).</p> <p style="margin-left:36.0pt;"> &nbsp;</p> <p> ► <em>OPTION 1 : </em><strong>Le contenu est manifestement illicite </strong>c&rsquo;est-&agrave;-dire lorsque son ill&eacute;galit&eacute; est flagrante et ne n&eacute;cessite pas d&#39;examen juridique approfondi. Par exemple, s&rsquo;il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;un signalement d&rsquo;un contenu comportant des propos racistes, discriminatoires, faisant l&rsquo;apologie du terrorisme ou encore du contenu p&eacute;dopornographique.<br /> <br /> Dans ce cas, les mesures prises seront les suivantes :</p> <p style="margin-left:36.0pt;"> <strong>&bull; En interne :</strong></p> <p style="margin-left:36.0pt;"> - le retrait du contenu illicite, mise hors d&rsquo;acc&egrave;s d&egrave;s r&eacute;ception de la demande (toutes plateformes)</p> <p style="margin-left:36.0pt;"> - le blocage des acc&egrave;s et suspension du compte (sur Hypoth&egrave;se)</p> <p style="margin-left:36.0pt;"> - l&#39;arr&ecirc;t de la mon&eacute;tisation (pour les contenus litigieux en acc&egrave;s freemium pr&eacute;sents sur OpenEdition Books et OpenEdition Journals).</p> <p style="margin-left:36.0pt;"> &bull; <strong>En parall&egrave;le</strong> : les services juridiques de l&rsquo;une (ou de l&rsquo;ensemble) des tutelles (en fonction de la nature du contenu signal&eacute;) en sera(ont) inform&eacute;(s) d&egrave;s r&eacute;ception du signalement.</p> <p style="margin-left:36.0pt;"> &nbsp;</p> <p> ► <em>OPTION 2 :</em><strong> il subsiste un doute quant au caract&egrave;re &laquo; manifestement illicite &raquo; du contenu</strong><br /> <br /> Dans ce cas, les mesures prises seront les suivantes :</p> <ul> <li> OpenEdition Center informe du cas litigieux au service juridique de l&#39;h&eacute;bergeur.</li> <li> L&#39;&eacute;quipe d&#39;OpenEdition Center n&#39;agit pas dans l&#39;attente de prise de d&eacute;cision du service juridique de l&#39;h&eacute;bergeur.</li> <li> Le service juridique de l&#39;h&eacute;bergeur d&eacute;cidera de la mesure la plus adapt&eacute;e &agrave; prendre.</li> </ul> <p> Une d&eacute;cision sera prise et communiqu&eacute;e &agrave; l&rsquo;auteur du signalement et si n&eacute;cessaire &agrave; l&rsquo;&eacute;diteur/directeur de publication du contenu litigieux.</p> <p> Enfin, dans un objectif de transparence, s&#39;il est d&eacute;cid&eacute; que le contenu soit retir&eacute;, un message indiquant que le contenu a &eacute;t&eacute; retir&eacute;, appara&icirc;tra en lieu et place du contenu litigieux.</p> <p> &nbsp;</p> <h2> 4) Quelles sont les mesures prises concernant les contenus manifestement illicites ?<a name="Mesure prises"></a></h2> <p> En concertation avec les services juridiques de l&#39;h&eacute;bergeur :</p> <ul> <li> <strong>le retrait, la mise hors d&#39;acc&egrave;s ou la suppression</strong> du contenu manifestement illicite sera op&eacute;r&eacute;e par l&#39;&eacute;quipe d&#39;OpenEdition Center &agrave; savoir :</li> </ul> <p style="margin-left:40px;"> &bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Par le service livres et revues pour les plateformes OpenEdition Journals et OpenEdition Books ;<br /> &bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Par le service blogging pour la plateforme Hypoth&egrave;ses ;<br /> &bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Par le service &eacute;v&egrave;nement scientifique pour la plateforme Calenda.</p> <ul> <li> <strong>l&#39;arr&ecirc;t de la mon&eacute;tisation</strong> le cas &eacute;ch&eacute;ant si le contenu &eacute;tait en acc&egrave;s freemium et pr&eacute;sent sur la plateforme d&#39;OpenEdition Books ou celle d&#39;OpenEdition Journals.</li> </ul> <p> <br /> En cas de r&eacute;cidive c&rsquo;est-&agrave;-dire lorsqu&#39;un auteur ou l&#39;&eacute;diteur ayant d&eacute;j&agrave; fait l&#39;objet de mesure(s) concernant un contenu manifestement illicite publie de nouveau un contenu manifestement illicite, les mesures suivantes seront prises :</p> <ul> <li> la suppression du contenu manifestement illicite ;</li> <li> l&#39;arr&ecirc;t du service pour cet utilisateur ou cet &eacute;diteur mais uniquement sur le site de la plateforme sur laquelle le contenu litigieux &eacute;tait pr&eacute;sent. Il pourra toujours utiliser les autres plateformes ;</li> <li> la suppression de son compte &eacute;diteur sur la plateforme sur laquelle figurait le contenu manifestement illicite.</li> </ul> <p> OpenEdition Center fournira &agrave; l&rsquo;utilisateur de la plateforme et/ou &agrave; l&#39;&eacute;diteur affect&eacute; par la d&eacute;cision prise et pronon&ccedil;ant une restriction, un expos&eacute; des motifs clair et sp&eacute;cifique de ladite d&eacute;cision, au plus tard au moment de l&rsquo;application de la restriction. L&rsquo;expos&eacute; des motifs contiendra&nbsp;:</p> <ul> <li> La description de la mesure prise ;</li> <li> Les faits et circonstances sur la base desquels la d&eacute;cision a &eacute;t&eacute; prise ;</li> <li> Le cas &eacute;ch&eacute;ant, des informations relatives &agrave; l&rsquo;utilisation de moyens automatis&eacute;s pour prendre la d&eacute;cision ;</li> <li> Lorsque la d&eacute;cision concerne des contenus manifestement illicites, une r&eacute;f&eacute;rence au fondement juridique ainsi qu&rsquo;une explication du raisonnement ;</li> <li> Lorsque la d&eacute;cision concerne des contenus incompatibles avec les conditions g&eacute;n&eacute;rales, une r&eacute;f&eacute;rence aux clauses contractuelles pertinentes ainsi qu&rsquo;une explication du raisonnement ;</li> <li> Des informations claires et ais&eacute;ment compr&eacute;hensibles relatives aux possibilit&eacute;s de recours contre cette d&eacute;cision et notamment via le syst&egrave;me de traitement interne des r&eacute;clamations.</li> </ul> <p> Dans tous les cas, l&rsquo;auteur du signalement sera inform&eacute; par OpenEdition Center de la d&eacute;cision prise et des possibilit&eacute;s de recours via le syst&egrave;me de traitement des r&eacute;clamations si la d&eacute;cision ne lui apporte pas satisfaction.</p> <h1> <br /> Syst&egrave;me de traitement des r&eacute;clamations<a name="reclamations"></a></h1> <p> Le r&egrave;glement relatif &agrave; un march&eacute; unique des services num&eacute;riques et modifiant la directive 2000/31/CE (le &laquo; r&egrave;glement sur les services num&eacute;riques &raquo;) peut b&eacute;n&eacute;ficier &agrave; toute personne (i) ayant fait l&rsquo;objet d&rsquo;une mesure suite &agrave; un signalement ou (ii) non satisfaite de la mesure prise par OpenEdition Center suite au signalement effectu&eacute; par ses soins.</p> <p> Ce r&egrave;glement a &eacute;t&eacute; adopt&eacute; par le Parlement europ&eacute;en et le Conseil de l&#39;Union europ&eacute;enne le 27 octobre 2022 et entre en vigueur le 17 f&eacute;vrier 2024 &agrave; l&rsquo;&eacute;gard des structures proposant des services &laquo; interm&eacute;diaires &raquo; &agrave; des destinataires se situant au sein de l&rsquo;UE. Ce r&egrave;glement s&#39;applique donc aux quatre tutelles composant OpenEdition Center, &agrave; savoir le Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (le &laquo; CNRS &raquo;), Aix-Marseille Universit&eacute; (&laquo; AMU &raquo;), Avignon Universit&eacute; et l&#39;Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences sociales (&laquo; EHESS &raquo;).</p> <p> L&rsquo;auteur du signalement ainsi que la personne ayant publi&eacute; et/ou r&eacute;dig&eacute; le contenu litigieux auront la possibilit&eacute; de contester la mesure prise par OpenEdition Center s&rsquo;ils ne sont pas d&rsquo;accord avec la d&eacute;cision prise. Ce syst&egrave;me de r&eacute;clamation est ouvert &agrave; l&#39;utilisateur et &agrave; l&#39;&eacute;diteur pendant 6 mois &agrave; compter de la communication de la d&eacute;cision par OpenEdition Center.<br /> <br /> La personne souhaitant contester la d&eacute;cision devra contacter OpenEdition Center &agrave; l&rsquo;adresse mail signalement(at)openedition.org en pr&eacute;cisant :<br /> -&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;le contenu litigieux concern&eacute; ;<br /> -&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;l&rsquo;objet du signalement ;<br /> -&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;sa qualit&eacute; : auteur du contenu, auteur du signalement etc. ;<br /> -&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;les motifs de sa contestation de la mesure prise<br /> OpenEdition Center s&rsquo;engage &agrave; traiter les r&eacute;clamations dans les meilleurs d&eacute;lais.</p> <p> Un service d&eacute;di&eacute; au sein d&rsquo;OpenEdition Center est en charge d&rsquo;analyser les r&eacute;clamations dont le traitement n&rsquo;est pas effectu&eacute; de mani&egrave;re automatique. La r&eacute;clamation sera trait&eacute;e en prenant en compte la pertinence des nouveaux &eacute;l&eacute;ments apport&eacute;s. 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