Alex Bewley

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</button> <div class="navigation__sub js-sub-nav" role="menu"> <div class="navigation__sub__container"> <div class="navigation__sub__mobile-heading"> <button class="glue-header__link js-sub-nav-close-mobile"> <span class="sr-text">Back to</span> <span class="icon icon--caret"></span> Who we are <span class="sr-text">menu</span> </button> <hr/> </div> <div class="block-nav_drawer_columns_content"> <div class="navigation__sub--content" data-gt-secondary="Defining the technology of today and tomorrow."> <div class="navigation__sub__wrapper"> <div class="navigation__sub__heading"> <h2 class="headline-3">Defining the technology of today and tomorrow.</h2> </div> <ul class="navigation__sub__columns"> <li data-gt-secondary="Philosophy"> <div class="navigation__sub__columns__desktop"> <h2 class="headline-6 navigation__sub__columns__heading"> Philosophy </h2> <p class="navigation__sub__columns__description caption">We strive to create an environment conducive to many different types of research across many different time scales and levels of risk.</p> <a href="https://research.google/philosophy/" class="glue-inline-link js-drawer-link" > <span class="sr-text">Learn more about our Philosophy</span> <span aria-hidden="true">Learn more</span> </a> </div> <div class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile"> <a class="glue-header__link" href="https://research.google/philosophy/" > Philosophy </a> </div> </li> <li data-gt-secondary="People"> <div class="navigation__sub__columns__desktop"> <h2 class="headline-6 navigation__sub__columns__heading"> People </h2> <p class="navigation__sub__columns__description caption">Our researchers drive advancements in computer science through both fundamental and applied research.</p> <a href="https://research.google/people/" class="glue-inline-link js-drawer-link" > <span class="sr-text">Learn more about our People</span> <span aria-hidden="true">Learn more</span> </a> </div> <div class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile"> <a class="glue-header__link" href="https://research.google/people/" > People </a> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="glue-header__item js-sub-nav-parent --parent" data-gt-primary="Research areas" > <button class="glue-header__link js-sub-nav-target" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" > <span class=""> Research areas <span class="icon icon--caret"></span> </span> </button> <div class="navigation__sub js-sub-nav" role="menu"> <div class="navigation__sub__container"> <div class="navigation__sub__mobile-heading"> <button class="glue-header__link js-sub-nav-close-mobile"> <span class="sr-text">Back to</span> <span class="icon icon--caret"></span> Research areas <span class="sr-text">menu</span> </button> <hr/> </div> <div class="block-nav_drawer_columns_link_list"> <div class="navigation__sub--list"> <div class="navigation__sub__wrapper"> <ul class="navigation__sub__columns"> <li data-gt-secondary="Research areas"> <div class="navigation__sub__columns__desktop"> <h2 class="headline-6 navigation__sub__columns__heading">Research areas</h2> <ul> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/" > Explore all research areas </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile"> <button class="glue-header__link js-sub-nav-target" data-panel="nested" role="menuitem" aria-haspopup="true"> Research areas <span class="icon icon--caret"></span> </button> <div class="navigation__nested-sub js-sub-nav-parent"> <div class="navigation__sub__mobile-heading"> <button class="glue-header__link js-sub-nav-close-mobile" role="menuitem" aria-haspopup="true"> <span class="sr-text">Back to</span> <span class="icon icon--caret"></span> Research areas <span class="sr-text">menu</span> </button> <hr/> </div> <ul> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > Explore all research areas <span> </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li data-gt-secondary="Foundational ML & Algorithms"> <div class="navigation__sub__columns__desktop"> <h2 class="headline-6 navigation__sub__columns__heading">Foundational ML & Algorithms</h2> <ul> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/algorithms-and-theory/" > Algorithms & Theory </a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/data-management/" > Data Management </a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/data-mining-and-modeling/" > Data Mining & Modeling </a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/information-retrieval-and-the-web/" > Information Retrieval & the Web </a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/machine-intelligence/" > Machine Intelligence </a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/machine-perception/" > Machine Perception </a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/machine-translation/" > Machine Translation </a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/natural-language-processing/" > Natural Language Processing </a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/speech-processing/" > Speech Processing </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile"> <button class="glue-header__link js-sub-nav-target" data-panel="nested" role="menuitem" aria-haspopup="true"> Foundational ML & Algorithms <span class="icon icon--caret"></span> </button> <div class="navigation__nested-sub js-sub-nav-parent"> <div class="navigation__sub__mobile-heading"> <button class="glue-header__link js-sub-nav-close-mobile" role="menuitem" aria-haspopup="true"> <span class="sr-text">Back to</span> <span class="icon icon--caret"></span> Foundational ML & Algorithms <span class="sr-text">menu</span> </button> <hr/> </div> <ul> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/algorithms-and-theory/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > Algorithms & Theory <span> </span> </a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/data-management/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > Data Management <span> </span> </a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/data-mining-and-modeling/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > Data Mining & Modeling <span> </span> </a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/information-retrieval-and-the-web/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > Information Retrieval & the Web <span> </span> </a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/machine-intelligence/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > Machine Intelligence <span> </span> </a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/machine-perception/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > Machine Perception <span> </span> </a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/machine-translation/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > Machine Translation <span> </span> </a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/natural-language-processing/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > Natural Language Processing <span> </span> </a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/speech-processing/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > Speech Processing <span> </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li data-gt-secondary="Computing Systems & Quantum AI"> <div class="navigation__sub__columns__desktop"> <h2 class="headline-6 navigation__sub__columns__heading">Computing Systems & Quantum AI</h2> <ul> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/distributed-systems-and-parallel-computing/" > Distributed Systems & Parallel Computing </a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/hardware-and-architecture/" > Hardware & Architecture </a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/mobile-systems/" > Mobile Systems </a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/networking/" > Networking </a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/quantum-computing/" > Quantum Computing </a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/robotics/" > Robotics </a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/security-privacy-and-abuse-prevention/" > Security, Privacy, & Abuse Prevention </a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/software-engineering/" > Software Engineering </a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/software-systems/" > Software Systems </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile"> <button class="glue-header__link js-sub-nav-target" data-panel="nested" role="menuitem" aria-haspopup="true"> Computing Systems & Quantum AI <span class="icon icon--caret"></span> </button> <div class="navigation__nested-sub js-sub-nav-parent"> <div class="navigation__sub__mobile-heading"> <button class="glue-header__link js-sub-nav-close-mobile" role="menuitem" aria-haspopup="true"> <span class="sr-text">Back to</span> <span class="icon icon--caret"></span> Computing Systems & Quantum AI <span class="sr-text">menu</span> </button> <hr/> </div> <ul> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/distributed-systems-and-parallel-computing/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > Distributed Systems & Parallel Computing <span> </span> </a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/hardware-and-architecture/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > Hardware & Architecture <span> </span> </a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/mobile-systems/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > Mobile Systems <span> </span> </a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/networking/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > Networking <span> </span> </a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/quantum-computing/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > Quantum Computing <span> </span> </a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/robotics/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > Robotics <span> </span> </a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/security-privacy-and-abuse-prevention/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > Security, Privacy, & Abuse Prevention <span> </span> </a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/software-engineering/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > Software Engineering <span> </span> </a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/software-systems/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > Software Systems <span> </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li data-gt-secondary="Science, AI & Society"> <div class="navigation__sub__columns__desktop"> <h2 class="headline-6 navigation__sub__columns__heading">Science, AI & Society</h2> <ul> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/climate-and-sustainability/" > Climate & Sustainability </a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/economics-and-electronic-commerce/" > Economics & Electronic Commerce </a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/education-innovation/" > Education Innovation </a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/general-science/" > General Science </a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/health-bioscience/" > Health & Bioscience </a> </li> <li> <a class="navigation__sub__columns__list-link caption js-drawer-link" href="https://research.google/research-areas/human-computer-interaction-and-visualization/" > Human-Computer Interaction and Visualization </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile"> <button class="glue-header__link js-sub-nav-target" data-panel="nested" role="menuitem" aria-haspopup="true"> Science, AI & Society <span class="icon icon--caret"></span> </button> <div class="navigation__nested-sub js-sub-nav-parent"> <div class="navigation__sub__mobile-heading"> <button class="glue-header__link js-sub-nav-close-mobile" role="menuitem" aria-haspopup="true"> <span class="sr-text">Back to</span> <span class="icon icon--caret"></span> Science, AI & Society <span class="sr-text">menu</span> </button> <hr/> </div> <ul> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/climate-and-sustainability/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > Climate & Sustainability <span> </span> </a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/economics-and-electronic-commerce/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > Economics & Electronic Commerce <span> </span> </a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/education-innovation/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > Education Innovation <span> </span> </a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/general-science/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > General Science <span> </span> </a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/health-bioscience/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > Health & Bioscience <span> </span> </a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://research.google/research-areas/human-computer-interaction-and-visualization/" class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile__link" > Human-Computer Interaction and Visualization <span> </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div></div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="glue-header__item js-sub-nav-parent --parent" data-gt-primary="Our work" > <button class="glue-header__link js-sub-nav-target" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" > <span class=""> Our work <span class="icon 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<span class="sr-text">Learn more about our Projects</span> <span aria-hidden="true">Learn more</span> </a> </div> <div class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile"> <a class="glue-header__link" href="https://research.google/resources/our-projects/" > Projects </a> </div> </li> <li data-gt-secondary="Publications"> <div class="navigation__sub__columns__desktop"> <h2 class="headline-6 navigation__sub__columns__heading"> Publications </h2> <p class="navigation__sub__columns__description caption">Publishing our work allows us to share ideas and work collaboratively to advance the field of computer science.</p> <a href="https://research.google/pubs/" class="glue-inline-link js-drawer-link" > <span class="sr-text">Learn more about our Publications</span> <span aria-hidden="true">Learn more</span> </a> </div> <div class="navigation__sub__columns__mobile"> <a class="glue-header__link" href="https://research.google/pubs/" > Publications </a> </div> </li> <li data-gt-secondary="Resources"> <div 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class="offset-two-up__headline headline-3">Research Areas</h3> </div> <div class="glue-grid__col glue-grid__col--span-4-sm glue-grid__col--span-12-md glue-grid__col--span-9-lg"> <ul class="card-stack--small nested-glue-grid-override"> <li class="glue-grid__col glue-grid__col--span-6-md glue-grid__col--span-4-sm"> <a class="glue-card not-glue glue-card--small" href="/research-areas/machine-intelligence/"> <div class="glue-card__inner"> <div class="glue-card__content"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <p class="glue-headline body js-gt-item-id"> Machine Intelligence </p> </div> <div class="glue-card__cta glue-card__cta--arrow"> <span class="glue-button glue-button--low-emphasis glue-button--icon"> <svg role="presentation" aria-hidden="true" class="glue-icon "> <use href="/gr/static/assets/icons/glue-icons.svg#arrow-forward"></use> </svg> </span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="glue-grid__col glue-grid__col--span-6-md glue-grid__col--span-4-sm"> <a class="glue-card not-glue 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class="mdc-checkbox__native-control" id="filter-type-other" name="filter-type-other" value="other" > <div class="mdc-checkbox__background"> <svg class="mdc-checkbox__checkmark" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path class="mdc-checkbox__checkmark-path" fill="none" d="M1.73,12.91 8.1,19.28 22.79,4.59"></path> </svg> <div class="mdc-checkbox__mixedmark"></div> </div> <div class="mdc-checkbox__ripple"></div> </div> <label class="filter-option-label" for="filter-type-other"> <span class="js-filter-option-label-text">Other</span> <span class="filter-option-label-count">0</span></label> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="glue-expansion-panel "> <h3 class="glue-expansion-panel__toggle"> <span class="glue-expansion-panel__button" id="filter-toggle-year" data-glue-expansion-panel-toggle-for="filter-panel-year"> <span class="glue-expansion-panel__header-text" id="filter-year-label">Years</span> <svg role="presentation" aria-hidden="true" class="glue-icon glue-expansion-panel__header-arrow"> <use href="/gr/static/assets/icons/glue-icons.svg#arrow-drop-down"></use> </svg> </span> </h3>  <div class="glue-expansion-panel__content" id="filter-panel-year"> <div> <ul class="glue-filter__category glue-no-bullet" data-glue-filter-category="year" role="list" aria-controls="filter-results" aria-labelledby="filter-year-label"> <li class="glue-filter__category-item js-filter-item js-gt-filter-item"> <div class="mdc-touch-target-wrapper"> <div class="mdc-form-field"> <div class="mdc-checkbox mdc-checkbox--touch glue-checkbox"> <input type="checkbox" class="mdc-checkbox__native-control" id="filter-year-2023" name="filter-year-2023" value="2023" > <div class="mdc-checkbox__background"> <svg class="mdc-checkbox__checkmark" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path class="mdc-checkbox__checkmark-path" fill="none" d="M1.73,12.91 8.1,19.28 22.79,4.59"></path> </svg> <div class="mdc-checkbox__mixedmark"></div> </div> <div class="mdc-checkbox__ripple"></div> </div> <label class="filter-option-label" for="filter-year-2023"> <span class="js-filter-option-label-text">2023</span> <span class="filter-option-label-count">2</span></label> </div> </div> </li> <li class="glue-filter__category-item js-filter-item js-gt-filter-item"> <div class="mdc-touch-target-wrapper"> <div class="mdc-form-field"> <div class="mdc-checkbox mdc-checkbox--touch glue-checkbox"> <input type="checkbox" class="mdc-checkbox__native-control" id="filter-year-2022" name="filter-year-2022" value="2022" > <div class="mdc-checkbox__background"> <svg class="mdc-checkbox__checkmark" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path class="mdc-checkbox__checkmark-path" fill="none" d="M1.73,12.91 8.1,19.28 22.79,4.59"></path> </svg> <div class="mdc-checkbox__mixedmark"></div> </div> <div class="mdc-checkbox__ripple"></div> </div> <label class="filter-option-label" for="filter-year-2022"> <span class="js-filter-option-label-text">2022</span> <span class="filter-option-label-count">1</span></label> </div> </div> </li> <li class="glue-filter__category-item js-filter-item js-gt-filter-item"> <div class="mdc-touch-target-wrapper"> <div class="mdc-form-field"> <div class="mdc-checkbox mdc-checkbox--touch glue-checkbox"> <input type="checkbox" class="mdc-checkbox__native-control" id="filter-year-2020" name="filter-year-2020" value="2020" > <div class="mdc-checkbox__background"> <svg class="mdc-checkbox__checkmark" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path class="mdc-checkbox__checkmark-path" fill="none" d="M1.73,12.91 8.1,19.28 22.79,4.59"></path> </svg> <div class="mdc-checkbox__mixedmark"></div> </div> <div class="mdc-checkbox__ripple"></div> </div> <label class="filter-option-label" for="filter-year-2020"> <span class="js-filter-option-label-text">2020</span> <span class="filter-option-label-count">1</span></label> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="glue-expansion-panel "> <h3 class="glue-expansion-panel__toggle"> <span class="glue-expansion-panel__button" id="filter-toggle-research_area" 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data-glue-filter-category="team" role="list" aria-controls="filter-results" aria-labelledby="filter-team-label"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="glue-filter__results mock-results" data-glue-filter-categories="type year research_area team" id="filter-results" > <ul class="glue-cards glue-grid"> <li class="glue-grid__col glue-grid__col--span-3 glue-grid__col--span-6-md glue-filter__result glue-is-hidden" data-glue-filter-="google"> </li> <li class="glue-grid__col glue-grid__col--span-3 glue-grid__col--span-6-md glue-filter__result glue-is-hidden" data-glue-filter-="other"> </li> <li class="glue-grid__col glue-grid__col--span-3 glue-grid__col--span-6-md glue-filter__result glue-is-hidden" data-glue-filter-="2020"> </li> <li class="glue-grid__col glue-grid__col--span-3 glue-grid__col--span-6-md glue-filter__result glue-is-hidden" data-glue-filter-="2022"> </li> <li class="glue-grid__col glue-grid__col--span-3 glue-grid__col--span-6-md glue-filter__result 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D'Ambrosio </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Jon Abelian </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Saminda Abeyruwan </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Michael Ahn </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/bewley/"> Alex Bewley </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Justin Boyd </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/krzysztofchoromanski/"> Krzysztof Choromanski </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Erwin Johan Coumans </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/107546/"> Tianli Ding </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Omar Escareno </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Wenbo Gao </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/108185/"> Laura Graesser </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/105360/"> Atil Iscen </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Navdeep Jaitly </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/deepali/"> Deepali Jain </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Juhana Kangaspunta </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Satoshi Kataoka </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Gus Kouretas </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Yuheng Kuang </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/104936/"> Nevena Lazic </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Corey Lynch </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/106158/"> Reza Mahjourian </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/104893/"> Sherry Moore </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Thinh Nguyen </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Ken Oslund </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Barney J. Reed </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/107599/"> Krista Reymann </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/pannagrsanketi/"> Pannag Sanketi </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Anish Shankar </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/pierresermanet/"> Pierre Sermanet </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/vikassindhwani/"> Vikas Sindhwani </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Avi Singh </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/vincentvanhoucke/"> Vincent Vanhoucke </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Grace Vesom </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Peng Xu </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Robotics: Science and Systems (2023) </div> </div> </div> <div class="row-card__cta headline-6"> <div class="glue-tooltip" data-glue-tooltip-auto-position="false"> <button class="glue-button glue-button--low-emphasis glue-tooltip__trigger" aria-describedby=tooltip-contentwe-present-a-deep-dive-into-a-lear tabindex=0 > <span class="js-gt-item-id">Preview</span> </button> <span id="tooltip-contentwe-present-a-deep-dive-into-a-lear" class="glue-tooltip__content" role="tooltip"> <span data-tooltip-type="simple"> Preview abstract </span> <span data-tooltip-type="rich"> <span class="glue-tooltip__body">We present a deep-dive into a learning robotic system that, in previous work, was shown to be capable of hundreds of table tennis rallies with a human and has the ability to precisely return the ball to desired targets. This system puts together a highly optimized and novel perception subsystem, a high-speed low-latency robot controller, a simulation paradigm that can prevent damage in the real world and also train policies for zero-shot transfer, and automated real world environment resets that enable autonomous training and evaluation on physical robots. We complement a complete system description including numerous design decisions that are typically not widely disseminated, with a collection of ablation studies that clarify the importance of mitigating various sources of latency, accounting for training and deployment distribution shifts, robustness of the perception system, and sensitivity to policy hyper-parameters and choice of action space. A video demonstrating the components of our system and details of experimental results is included in the supplementary material.</span> <a class="glue-button glue-button--low-emphasis" href="https://research.google/pubs/robotic-table-tennis-a-case-study-into-a-high-speed-learning-system/" > <span class="js-gt-item-id">View details</span> </a> </span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row-card"> <div class="row-card__container"> <div class="row-card__body"> <a class="row-card__heading headline-6 glue-link" href=https://research.google/pubs/agile-catching-with-whole-body-mpc-and-blackbox-policy-learning/ > Agile Catching with Whole-Body MPC and Blackbox Policy Learning </a> <div class="row-card__subheading"> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Saminda Abeyruwan </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/bewley/"> Alex Bewley </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Nick Boffi </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/krzysztofchoromanski/"> Krzysztof Choromanski </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/davidbdambrosio/"> David D'Ambrosio </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/deepali/"> Deepali Jain </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/pannagrsanketi/"> Pannag Sanketi </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Anish Shankar </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/vikassindhwani/"> Vikas Sindhwani </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/sumeetsingh/"> Sumeet Singh </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Jean-Jacques Slotine </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Stephen Tu </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Learning for Dynamics and Control (2023) </div> </div> </div> <div class="row-card__cta headline-6"> <div class="glue-tooltip" data-glue-tooltip-auto-position="false"> <button class="glue-button glue-button--low-emphasis glue-tooltip__trigger" aria-describedby=tooltip-contentwe-address-a-benchmark-task-in-agi tabindex=0 > <span class="js-gt-item-id">Preview</span> </button> <span id="tooltip-contentwe-address-a-benchmark-task-in-agi" class="glue-tooltip__content" role="tooltip"> <span data-tooltip-type="simple"> Preview abstract </span> <span data-tooltip-type="rich"> <span class="glue-tooltip__body">We address a benchmark task in agile robotics: catching objects thrown at high-speed. This is a challenging task that involves tracking, intercepting, and cradling a thrown object with access only to visual observations of the object and the proprioceptive state of the robot, all within a fraction of a second. We present the relative merits of two fundamentally different solution strategies: (i) Model Predictive Control using accelerated constrained trajectory optimization, and (ii) Reinforcement Learning using zeroth-order optimization. We provide insights into various performance tradeoffs including sample efficiency, sim-to-real transfer, robustness to distribution shifts, and wholebody multimodality via extensive on-hardware experiments. We conclude with proposals on fusing “classical” and “learning-based” techniques for agile robot control. Videos of our experiments may be found here: https://sites.google.com/view/agile-catching.</span> <a class="glue-button glue-button--low-emphasis" href="https://research.google/pubs/agile-catching-with-whole-body-mpc-and-blackbox-policy-learning/" > <span class="js-gt-item-id">View details</span> </a> </span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row-card"> <div class="row-card__container"> <div class="row-card__body"> <a class="row-card__heading headline-6 glue-link" href=https://research.google/pubs/i-sim2real-reinforcement-learning-of-robotic-policies-in-tight-human-robot-interaction-loops/ > i-Sim2Real: Reinforcement Learning of Robotic Policies in Tight Human-Robot Interaction Loops </a> <div class="row-card__subheading"> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Saminda Wishwajith Abeyruwan </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/108185/"> Laura Graesser </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/davidbdambrosio/"> David Bryan D'Ambrosio </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Avi Singh </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Anish Shankar </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/bewley/"> Alex Bewley </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/deepali/"> Deepali Jain </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/krzysztofchoromanski/"> Krzysztof Marcin Choromanski </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/pannagrsanketi/"> Pannag Raghunath Sanketi </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Conference on Robot Learning (Oral) (2022) </div> </div> </div> <div class="row-card__cta headline-6"> <div class="glue-tooltip" data-glue-tooltip-auto-position="false"> <button class="glue-button glue-button--low-emphasis glue-tooltip__trigger" aria-describedby=tooltip-contentsim-to-real-transfer-is-a-powerful tabindex=0 > <span class="js-gt-item-id">Preview</span> </button> <span id="tooltip-contentsim-to-real-transfer-is-a-powerful" class="glue-tooltip__content" role="tooltip"> <span data-tooltip-type="simple"> Preview abstract </span> <span data-tooltip-type="rich"> <span class="glue-tooltip__body">Sim-to-real transfer is a powerful paradigm for robotic reinforcement learning. The ability to train policies in simulation enables safe exploration and large-scale data collection quickly at low cost. However, prior works in sim-to-real transfer of robotic policies typically do not involve any human-robot interaction because accurately simulating human behavior is an open problem. In this work, our goal is to leverage the power of simulation to train robotic policies that are proficient at interacting with humans upon deployment. This presents a chicken-and-egg problem --- how to gather examples of a human interacting with a physical robot so as to model human behavior in simulation without already having a robot that is able to interact with a human? Our proposed method, Iterative-Sim-to-Real i-S2R), attempts to address this. i-S2R bootstraps from a simple model of human behavior and alternates between training in simulation and deploying in the real world. In each iteration, both the human behavior model and the policy are improved. We evaluate our method on a real world robotic table tennis setting, where the objective for the robot is to play cooperatively with a human player for as long as possible. Table tennis is a high-speed, dynamic task that requires the two players to react quickly to each other’s moves, making for a challenging test bed for research on human-robot interaction. We present results on a physical industrial robotic arm that is able to cooperatively play table tennis against human players, achieving rallies of 22 successive hits on average and 150 at best. Further, for 80% of players, rally lengths are 70% to 175% longer compared to the sim-to-real (S2R) baseline.</span> <a class="glue-button glue-button--low-emphasis" href="https://research.google/pubs/i-sim2real-reinforcement-learning-of-robotic-policies-in-tight-human-robot-interaction-loops/" > <span class="js-gt-item-id">View details</span> </a> </span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row-card"> <div class="row-card__container"> <div class="row-card__body"> <a class="row-card__heading headline-6 glue-link" href=https://research.google/pubs/range-conditioned-dilated-convolutions-for-scale-invariant-3d-object-detection/ > Range Conditioned Dilated Convolutions for Scale Invariant 3D Object Detection </a> <div class="row-card__subheading"> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/bewley/"> Alex Bewley </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Pei Sun </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/106396/"> Thomas Mensink </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Drago Anguelov </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> <a class="row-card__small-link" href="/people/cristiansminchisescu/"> Cristian Sminchisescu </a> </div> <div class="row-card__subheading__spacer"></div> <div class="row-card__subheading__item extra-small-text"> Conference on Robot Learning (2020) </div> </div> </div> <div class="row-card__cta headline-6"> <div class="glue-tooltip" data-glue-tooltip-auto-position="false"> <button class="glue-button glue-button--low-emphasis glue-tooltip__trigger" aria-describedby=tooltip-contentthis-paper-presents-a-novel-3d-obj tabindex=0 > <span class="js-gt-item-id">Preview</span> </button> <span id="tooltip-contentthis-paper-presents-a-novel-3d-obj" class="glue-tooltip__content" role="tooltip"> <span data-tooltip-type="simple"> Preview abstract </span> <span data-tooltip-type="rich"> <span class="glue-tooltip__body">This paper presents a novel 3D object detection framework that processes LiDAR data directly on a representation of the sensor's native range images. When operating in the range image view, one faces learning challenges, including occlusion and considerable scale variation, limiting the obtainable accuracy. To address these challenges, a range-conditioned dilated block (RCD) is proposed to dynamically adjust a continuous dilation rate as a function of the measured range, achieving scale invariance. Furthermore, soft range gating helps mitigate the effect of occlusion. An end-to-end trained box-refinement network brings additional performance improvements in occluded areas, and produces more accurate bounding box predictions. On the Waymo Open Dataset, currently the largest and most diverse publicly released autonomous driving dataset, our improved range-based detector outperforms state of the art at long range detection. Our framework is superior to prior multiview, voxel-based methods over all ranges, setting a new baseline for range-based 3D detection on this large scale public dataset.</span> <a class="glue-button glue-button--low-emphasis" href="https://research.google/pubs/range-conditioned-dilated-convolutions-for-scale-invariant-3d-object-detection/" > <span class="js-gt-item-id">View details</span> </a> </span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="filtered-list-base__pagination" data-hot-swap="pagination"> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="google_scholar_search">  <a href="#" class="js-google-scholar-search-link glue-button glue-button--low-emphasis glue-button--icon" title="See more related publications on Google Scholar" target="_blank"> <svg role="presentation" aria-hidden="true" class="glue-icon glue-icon--24px "> <use href="/gr/static/assets/icons/glue-icons.svg#open-in-new"></use> </svg> Search on Google Scholar </a> </section> </div> <section class="banner 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