CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="th" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>总 - วิกิพจนานุกรม</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )thwiktionarymwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat" :"thai","wgMonthNames":["","มกราคม","กุมภาพันธ์","มีนาคม","เมษายน","พฤษภาคม","มิถุนายน","กรกฎาคม","สิงหาคม","กันยายน","ตุลาคม","พฤศจิกายน","ธันวาคม"],"wgRequestId":"49765b1f-c8d3-48c8-b26e-ab6cd8f6f4f9","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"总","wgTitle":"总","wgCurRevisionId":1801357,"wgRevisionId":1801357,"wgArticleId":85114,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["หน้าที่มีรายการ","หน้าที่มี 2 รายการ","บล็อก CJK Unified Ideographs","อักขระอักษรจีน","คำหลักภาษาร่วม","สัญลักษณ์ภาษาร่วม", "ร่วม terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys","ต้องการแปล","ศัพท์ภาษาจีนรูปแบบตัวย่อ","คำหลักภาษาจีน","คำหลักภาษาจีนกลาง","คำหลักภาษากวางตุ้ง","คำหลักภาษาแคะ","คำหลักภาษาหมิ่นเหนือ","คำหลักภาษาหมิ่นตะวันออก","คำหลักภาษาฮกเกี้ยน","คำหลักภาษาแต้จิ๋ว","คำหลักภาษาอู๋","ฮั่นจื้อภาษาจีน","ฮั่นจื้อภาษาจีนกลาง","ฮั่นจื้อภาษากวางตุ้ง","ฮั่นจื้อภาษาแคะ","ฮั่นจื้อภาษาหมิ่นเหนือ", "ฮั่นจื้อภาษาหมิ่นตะวันออก","ฮั่นจื้อภาษาฮกเกี้ยน","ฮั่นจื้อภาษาแต้จิ๋ว","ฮั่นจื้อภาษาอู๋","คำกริยาภาษาจีน","คำกริยาภาษาจีนกลาง","คำกริยาภาษากวางตุ้ง","คำกริยาภาษาแคะ","คำกริยาภาษาหมิ่นเหนือ","คำกริยาภาษาหมิ่นตะวันออก","คำกริยาภาษาฮกเกี้ยน","คำกริยาภาษาแต้จิ๋ว","คำกริยาภาษาอู๋","คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษาจีน","คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษาจีนกลาง","คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษากวางตุ้ง", "คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษาแคะ","คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษาหมิ่นเหนือ","คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษาหมิ่นตะวันออก","คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษาฮกเกี้ยน","คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษาแต้จิ๋ว","คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษาอู๋","ศัพท์ภาษาจีนที่สะกดด้วย 总","zh-pron usage missing POS","ศัพท์ภาษาจีนที่มีการออกเสียงไอพีเอ"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"th","wgPageContentLanguage":"th","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"总","wgRelevantArticleId":85114,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wiktionary", "wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"th","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"th"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":400,"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"]};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.LanguagesAndScripts":"ready","ext.gadget.Palette":"ready","ext.gadget.Site":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading", "skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","mediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.LegacyScripts","ext.gadget.JavascriptHeadings","ext.gadget.DocTabs","ext.gadget.TranslationAdder","ext.gadget.zhDialMap","ext.gadget.catfix","ext.gadget.Edittools","ext.gadget.defaultVisibilityToggles","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.checkUser.clientHints"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=th&modules=ext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles&only=styles&printable=1&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=th&modules=startup&only=scripts&printable=1&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=th&modules=ext.gadget.LanguagesAndScripts%2CPalette%2CSite&only=styles&printable=1&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=th&modules=site.styles&only=styles&printable=1&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="noindex,follow,max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Wiktionary"> <meta property="og:title" content="总 - วิกิพจนานุกรม"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//th.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%80%BB"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="แก้ไข" href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%BB&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wiktionary.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/piece.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wiktionary (th)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//th.wiktionary.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%80%BB"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.th"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="ฟีดอะตอม Wiktionary" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-总 rootpage-总 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">ข้ามไปเนื้อหา</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ไซต์"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="เมนูหลัก" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">เมนูหลัก</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">เมนูหลัก</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> การนำทาง </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81" title="เยี่ยมชมหน้าหลัก [z]" accesskey="z"><span>หน้าหลัก</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1" title="เกี่ยวกับโครงการ สิ่งที่คุณทำได้ วิธีการค้นหา"><span>ศาลาประชาคม</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3" title="ค้นหาข้อมูลเบื้องหลังในเหตุการณ์ปัจจุบัน"><span>คำศัพท์ที่ต้องการ</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94" title="รายการเปลี่ยนแปลงล่าสุดในวิกินี้ [r]" accesskey="r"><span>ปรับปรุงล่าสุด</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1" title="โหลดหน้าแบบสุ่ม [x]" accesskey="x"><span>สุ่มหน้า</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="อธิบายการใช้งาน"><span>คำอธิบาย</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wiktionary.svg" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="วิกิพจนานุกรม" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wiktionary-wordmark-th.svg" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 1.5625em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="ค้นหาใน Wiktionary [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>ค้นหา</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="ค้นหาใน Wiktionary" aria-label="ค้นหาใน Wiktionary" autocapitalize="none" title="ค้นหาใน Wiktionary [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="พิเศษ:ค้นหา"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">ค้นหา</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="เครื่องมือส่วนตัว"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="หน้าตา"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="หน้าตา" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">หน้าตา</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=th" class=""><span>บริจาค</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88&returnto=%E6%80%BB&returntoquery=printable%3Dyes" title="แนะนำให้คุณสร้างบัญชีและเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ" class=""><span>สร้างบัญชี</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99&returnto=%E6%80%BB&returntoquery=printable%3Dyes" title="แนะนำให้คุณเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>เข้าสู่ระบบ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="ตัวเลือกเพิ่มเติม" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="เครื่องมือส่วนตัว" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">เครื่องมือส่วนตัว</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="เมนูผู้ใช้" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=th"><span>บริจาค</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88&returnto=%E6%80%BB&returntoquery=printable%3Dyes" title="แนะนำให้คุณสร้างบัญชีและเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>สร้างบัญชี</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99&returnto=%E6%80%BB&returntoquery=printable%3Dyes" title="แนะนำให้คุณเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>เข้าสู่ระบบ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> หน้าสำหรับผู้แก้ไขที่ออกจากระบบ <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B3" aria-label="เรียนรู้เพิ่มเกี่ยวกับการแก้ไข"><span>เรียนรู้เพิ่มเติม</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="รายการการแก้ไขจากเลขที่อยู่ไอพีนี้ [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ส่วนร่วม</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="อภิปรายเกี่ยวกับการแก้ไขจากเลขที่อยู่ไอพีนี้ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>ห้องสนทนาสำหรับ IP นี้</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ไซต์"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="สารบัญ" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">สารบัญ</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">บทนำ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-ภาษาร่วม" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ภาษาร่วม"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>ภาษาร่วม</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-ภาษาร่วม-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle ภาษาร่วม subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-ภาษาร่วม-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-อักษรจีน" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#อักษรจีน"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>อักษรจีน</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-อักษรจีน-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-อ้างอิง" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#อ้างอิง"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>อ้างอิง</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-อ้างอิง-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ภาษาจีน" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ภาษาจีน"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>ภาษาจีน</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-ภาษาจีน-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle ภาษาจีน subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-ภาษาจีน-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-การออกเสียง" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#การออกเสียง"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>การออกเสียง</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-การออกเสียง-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="สารบัญ" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="Hani">总</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ไปที่บทความในภาษาอื่น ซึ่งมีใน 11 ภาษา" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-11" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">11 ภาษา</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%80%BB" title="总 – อังกฤษ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="总" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="อังกฤษ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%80%BB" title="总 – ฝรั่งเศส" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="总" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ฝรั่งเศส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%80%BB" title="总 – ฮังการี" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="总" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ฮังการี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%80%BB" title="总 – ญี่ปุ่น" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="总" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ญี่ปุ่น" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%80%BB" title="总 – เกาหลี" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="总" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="เกาหลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%80%BB" title="总 – เคิร์ด" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="总" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="เคิร์ด" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%80%BB" title="总 – ลิมเบิร์ก" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="总" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="ลิมเบิร์ก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%80%BB" title="总 – นอร์เวย์" lang="no" hreflang="no" data-title="总" data-language-autonym="Norsk" data-language-local-name="นอร์เวย์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%80%BB" title="总 – โปแลนด์" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="总" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="โปแลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%80%BB" title="总 – เซอร์เบีย" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="总" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="เซอร์เบีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%80%BB" title="总 – จีน" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="总" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="จีน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="เนมสเปซ"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%BB" title="ดูหน้าเนื้อหา [c]" accesskey="c"><span>หน้า</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2:%E6%80%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="อภิปรายเกี่ยวกับหน้าเนื้อหา (ไม่มีหน้านี้) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>อภิปราย</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="เปลี่ยนรูปแบบภาษา" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ไทย</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="ดู"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%BB"><span>อ่าน</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%BB&action=edit" title="แก้ไขหน้านี้ [e]" accesskey="e"><span>แก้ไข</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%BB&action=history" title="แก้ไขเก่าของหน้านี้ [h]" accesskey="h"><span>ดูประวัติ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="หน้าเครื่องมือ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="เครื่องมือ" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">เครื่องมือ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">เครื่องมือ</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="ตัวเลือกเพิ่มเติม" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> การกระทำ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%BB"><span>อ่าน</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%BB&action=edit" title="แก้ไขหน้านี้ [e]" accesskey="e"><span>แก้ไข</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%BB&action=history"><span>ดูประวัติ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ทั่วไป </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2/%E6%80%BB" title="รายการหน้าวิกิทุกหน้าที่ลิงก์มาที่นี่ [j]" accesskey="j"><span>หน้าที่ลิงก์มา</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2/%E6%80%BB" rel="nofollow" title="รายการเปลี่ยนแปลงล่าสุดในหน้าที่ลิงก์จากหน้านี้ [k]" accesskey="k"><span>การเปลี่ยนแปลงที่เกี่ยวโยง</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=th" title="อัปโหลดไฟล์ [u]" accesskey="u"><span>อัปโหลดไฟล์</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9" title="รายการหน้าพิเศษทั้งหมด [q]" accesskey="q"><span>หน้าพิเศษ</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%BB&oldid=1801357" title="ลิงก์ถาวรมารุ่นนี้ของหน้านี้"><span>ลิงก์ถาวร</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%BB&action=info" title="ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับหน้านี้"><span>สารสนเทศหน้า</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87&page=%E6%80%BB&id=1801357&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="สารสนเทศเกี่ยวกับวิธีการอ้างอิงหน้านี้"><span>อ้างอิงหน้านี้</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fth.wiktionary.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3D%25E6%2580%25BB%26printable%3Dyes"><span>รับยูอาร์แอลแบบสั้น</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fth.wiktionary.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3D%25E6%2580%25BB%26printable%3Dyes"><span>ดาวน์โหลดคิวอาร์โค้ด</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> พิมพ์/ส่งออก </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E6%80%BB"><span>สร้างหนังสือ</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E6%80%BB&action=show-download-screen"><span>ดาวน์โหลดเป็น PDF</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ในโครงการอื่น </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="หน้าเครื่องมือ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="หน้าตา"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">หน้าตา</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">จาก วิกิพจนานุกรม พจนานุกรมเสรี</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="cdx-message cdx-message--block cdx-message--warning"><span class="cdx-message__icon"></span><div class="cdx-message__content">รุ่นสำหรับพิมพ์ไม่ได้รับการสนับสนุนอีกต่อไปและอาจมีข้อผิดพลาด โปรดอัปเดตบุ๊กมาร์กและใช้ตัวเลือกสำหรับพิมพ์ที่มีมาให้ในเบราว์เซอร์แทน</div></div><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="th" dir="ltr"><table class="wikitable floatright character-info" style="width:25em;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 70px;" colspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td><span class="character-sample-primary Hani">总</span></td><td> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://util.unicode.org/UnicodeJsps/character.jsp?a=603B">U+603B</a>, <a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_XML_and_HTML_character_entity_references" class="extiw" title="w:List of XML and HTML character entity references">&#24635;</a> <div class="character-sample-name">CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-603B</div></td></tr></tbody></table><table style="width:100%;font-size:80%;white-space:nowrap"><tbody><tr><td style="width:50%;text-align:left"></td><td style="width:50%;text-align:right"></td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="width:100%;text-align:center"><tbody><tr><td style="width:20%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%BA" title="怺"><span title="CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-603A">← <span class="character-sample-secondary Hani">怺</span><br /><small>[U+603A]</small></span></a> </td><td style="width:60%;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%81:%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%94/CJK_Unified_Ideographs" title="ภาคผนวก:ยูนิโคด/CJK Unified Ideographs">CJK Unified Ideographs</a> </td><td style="width:20%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%BC" title="怼"><span title="CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-603C"><span class="character-sample-secondary Hani">怼</span> →<br /><small>[U+603C]</small></span></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1573508">.mw-parser-output .character-sample{display:inline-block;min-width:1em;font-size:300%;text-align:center;background:rgb(0,0,0);background:rgba(0,0,0,0.1)}.mw-parser-output .character-sample>:only-child{display:block}.mw-parser-output .character-sample-primary{display:inline-table;min-width:1.1em;font-size:300%;line-height:110%;text-align:center;background:rgb(0,0,0);background:rgba(0,0,0,0.1);height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .character-sample-secondary{display:inline-block;min-width:1em;text-align:center}</style> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ภาษาร่วม"><span id=".E0.B8.A0.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.A9.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.A3.E0.B9.88.E0.B8.A7.E0.B8.A1"></span>ภาษาร่วม</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="อักษรจีน"><span id=".E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.B1.E0.B8.81.E0.B8.A9.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.88.E0.B8.B5.E0.B8.99"></span>อักษรจีน</h3></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Hani headword" lang="mul">总</strong></span> (<i>รากคังซีที่ 61, </i> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5:%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99/%E5%BF%83" title="ดัชนี:รากอักษรจีน/心">心</a>+5, 9 ขีด, <i><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%8B%E0%B8%A2" title="ดัชนี:การป้อนอักษรจีนแบบชางเจี๋ย">การป้อนชางเจี๋ย</a></i> <span class="Hani" lang="mul">金口心</span> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%8B%E0%B8%A2/c" title="ดัชนี:การป้อนอักษรจีนแบบชางเจี๋ย/c">CRP</a>), <i><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A1" title="ดัชนี:การป้อนอักษรจีนแบบสี่มุม">การป้อนสี่มุม</a></i> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A1/8" title="ดัชนี:การป้อนอักษรจีนแบบสี่มุม/8">8033<sub></sub></a>, <i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Chinese_character_description_languages#Ideographic_Description_Sequences" class="extiw" title="w:en:Chinese character description languages">การประกอบ</a></i> <span class="Hani" lang="mul">⿳<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B7#ภาษาร่วม" title="丷">丷</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A3#ภาษาร่วม" title="口">口</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83#ภาษาร่วม" title="心">心</a></span>) </p> <ol><li>collect</li> <li>overall, altogether</li></ol> <dl><dd><span style="border:1px dashed gray;padding:5px"><i>ข้อมูลนี้ได้นำเข้าโดยบอต ซึ่งมีบางส่วนที่ต้องการแปลเป็นภาษาไทย กรุณาช่วยแปลข้อมูลดังกล่าว เสร็จแล้วให้นำป้ายนี้ออก</i></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="อ้างอิง"><span id=".E0.B8.AD.E0.B9.89.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.87.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.B4.E0.B8.87"></span>อ้างอิง</h4></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li>พจนานุกรมคังซี: <i>ไม่ได้นำเสนอไว้</i> แต่ควรจะเป็น <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kangxizidian.com/kangxi/0383.gif">หน้า 383</a> อักขระตัวที่ 11</li> <li>พจนานุกรมฮั่นยฺหวี่ต้าจื้อเตี่ยน (ฉบับพิมพ์ครั้งแรก): เล่ม 1 หน้า 249 อักขระตัวที่ 2</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/GetUnihanData.pl?codepoint=603B">ข้อมูลยูนิฮันสำหรับ U+603B</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ภาษาจีน"><span id=".E0.B8.A0.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.A9.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.88.E0.B8.B5.E0.B8.99"></span>ภาษาจีน</h2></div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border:1px solid #797979; margin-left: 1px; text-align:left; min-width:70%"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background-color: var(--wikt-palette-dullcyan,#eaecf0); color: inherit; padding-left: 0.5em"><b>สำหรับการออกเสียงและความหมายของ </b><span lang="zh" class="Hani"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#ภาษาจีน">总</a></span><b> ▶ ให้ดูที่ <span lang="zh" class="Hani"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%BD#ภาษาจีน" title="總">總</a></span></b><br />(อักขระนี้ <span lang="zh" class="Hani">总</span> คือรูป <i>ตัวย่อ</i> ของ <span lang="zh" class="Hani">總</span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td class="mw-collapsible-content" style="background-color: var(--wikt-palette-lightyellow,#FFFFe0); color: inherit; font-size: smaller"><b>หมายเหตุ:</b> <ul><li>จีนแผ่นดินใหญ่ และสิงคโปร์ ใช้<a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD" class="extiw" title="w:อักษรจีนตัวย่อ">อักษรจีนตัวย่อ</a>เป็นหลัก</li> <li>ฮ่องกง มาเก๊า และไต้หวัน ใช้<a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%A1" class="extiw" title="w:อักษรจีนตัวเต็ม">อักษรจีนตัวเต็ม</a>เป็นหลัก</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="การออกเสียง"><span id=".E0.B8.81.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.81.E0.B9.80.E0.B8.AA.E0.B8.B5.E0.B8.A2.E0.B8.87"></span>การออกเสียง</h3></div> <div class="toccolours zhpron" style="overflow:auto; max-width:500px; font-size:100%"><div class="vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="pronunciations"> <ul><li><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" class="extiw" title="w:ภาษาจีนกลาง">จีนกลาง</a> <dl><dd><small>(<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" class="extiw" title="w:พินอิน">พินอิน</a></i>)</small>: <span class="form-of pinyin-t-form-of transliteration-总" lang="cmn" style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;"><a href="/wiki/z%C7%92ng" title="zǒng">zǒng</a> (<a href="/wiki/zong3" title="zong3">zong<sup>3</sup></a>)</span></dd> <dd><small>(<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" class="extiw" title="w:จู้อิน">จู้อิน</a></i>)</small>: <span lang="cmn-Bopo" class="Bopo">ㄗㄨㄥˇ</span></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87" class="extiw" title="w:ภาษากวางตุ้ง">กวางตุ้ง</a> <small>(<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jyutping" class="extiw" title="w:Jyutping">Jyutping</a></i>)</small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=zung2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="zung2 (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">zung<sup>2</sup></a></span><span class="vsToggleElement" style="float: right;"></span></li></ul> <div class="vsHide" style="clear:right;"> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" class="extiw" title="w:ภาษาจีนกลาง">จีนกลาง</a> <ul><li><small>(<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Standard Chinese">จีนมาตรฐาน</a></i>)</small><sup><small><abbr title="Add Mandarin homophones"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://th.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A5%3Azh%2Fdata%2Fcmn-hom%2F4&action=edit">+</a></span></abbr></small></sup> <ul><li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" class="extiw" title="w:พินอิน">พินอิน</a></i></small>: <span class="form-of pinyin-t-form-of transliteration-总" lang="cmn" style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;"><span class="Latn" lang="cmn"><a href="/wiki/z%C7%92ng#ภาษาจีนกลาง" title="zǒng">zǒng</a></span></span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" class="extiw" title="w:จู้อิน">จู้อิน</a></i></small>: <span lang="cmn-Bopo" class="Bopo">ㄗㄨㄥˇ</span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" class="extiw" title="w:ทงย่งพินอิน">ทงย่งพินอิน</a></i></small>: <span lang="cmn-Latn-tongyong" style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">zǒng</span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94-%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C" class="extiw" title="w:เวด-ไจลส์">เวด-ไจลส์</a></i></small>: <span lang="cmn-Latn-wadegile" style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">tsung<sup>3</sup></span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Mandarin" class="extiw" title="w:Yale romanization of Mandarin">เยล</a></i></small>: <span lang="cmn-Latn" style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">dzǔng</span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%8B%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD" class="extiw" title="w:กั๋วยฺหวี่หลัวหม่าจื้อ">กั๋วยฺหวี่หลัวหม่าจื้อ</a></i></small>: <span lang="cmn-Latn" style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">tzoong</span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillization_of_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Cyrillization of Chinese">พัลลาดีอุส</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;"><span lang="cmn-Cyrl">цзун</span> <span lang="cmn-Latn">(czun)</span></span></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5" title="วิกิพจนานุกรม:สัทอักษรสากล">สัทอักษรสากล</a>จีนวิทยา<sup>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%81:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ภาคผนวก:การออกเสียงภาษาจีนกลาง (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">คำอธิบาย</a>)</sup></small>: <span class="IPA">/t͡sʊŋ²¹⁴/</span></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87" class="extiw" title="w:ภาษากวางตุ้ง">กวางตุ้ง</a> <ul><li><small>(<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Standard Cantonese">Standard Cantonese</a>, <a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangzhou_Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Guangzhou Cantonese">Guangzhou</a>–<a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong_Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Hong Kong Cantonese">Hong Kong</a></i>)</small> <ul><li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jyutping" class="extiw" title="w:Jyutping">Jyutping</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">zung<sup>2</sup></span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">júng</span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese_Pinyin" class="extiw" title="w:Cantonese Pinyin">Cantonese Pinyin</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">dzung<sup>2</sup></span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangdong_Romanization" class="extiw" title="w:Guangdong Romanization">Guangdong Romanization</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">zung<sup>2</sup></span></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5" title="วิกิพจนานุกรม:สัทอักษรสากล">สัทอักษรสากล</a>จีนวิทยา <sup>(<a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese_phonology" class="extiw" title="w:Cantonese phonology">key</a>)</sup></small>: <span class="IPA">/t͡sʊŋ³⁵/</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">เข้าถึงจาก "<a dir="ltr" href="https://th.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=总&oldid=1801357">https://th.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=总&oldid=1801357</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88" title="พิเศษ:หมวดหมู่">หมวดหมู่</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81_CJK_Unified_Ideographs" title="หมวดหมู่:บล็อก CJK Unified Ideographs">บล็อก CJK Unified Ideographs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99" title="หมวดหมู่:อักขระอักษรจีน">อักขระอักษรจีน</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A1" title="หมวดหมู่:คำหลักภาษาร่วม">คำหลักภาษาร่วม</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A1" title="หมวดหมู่:สัญลักษณ์ภาษาร่วม">สัญลักษณ์ภาษาร่วม</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A1_terms_with_non-redundant_non-automated_sortkeys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="หมวดหมู่:ร่วม terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ร่วม terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A5" title="หมวดหมู่:ต้องการแปล">ต้องการแปล</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD" title="หมวดหมู่:ศัพท์ภาษาจีนรูปแบบตัวย่อ">ศัพท์ภาษาจีนรูปแบบตัวย่อ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99" title="หมวดหมู่:คำหลักภาษาจีน">คำหลักภาษาจีน</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="หมวดหมู่:คำหลักภาษาจีนกลาง">คำหลักภาษาจีนกลาง</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87" title="หมวดหมู่:คำหลักภาษากวางตุ้ง">คำหลักภาษากวางตุ้ง</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B0" title="หมวดหมู่:คำหลักภาษาแคะ">คำหลักภาษาแคะ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" title="หมวดหมู่:คำหลักภาษาหมิ่นเหนือ">คำหลักภาษาหมิ่นเหนือ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81" title="หมวดหมู่:คำหลักภาษาหมิ่นตะวันออก">คำหลักภาษาหมิ่นตะวันออก</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="หมวดหมู่:คำหลักภาษาฮกเกี้ยน">คำหลักภาษาฮกเกี้ยน</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%8B%E0%B8%A7" title="หมวดหมู่:คำหลักภาษาแต้จิ๋ว">คำหลักภาษาแต้จิ๋ว</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%8B" title="หมวดหมู่:คำหลักภาษาอู๋">คำหลักภาษาอู๋</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99" title="หมวดหมู่:ฮั่นจื้อภาษาจีน">ฮั่นจื้อภาษาจีน</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="หมวดหมู่:ฮั่นจื้อภาษาจีนกลาง (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ฮั่นจื้อภาษาจีนกลาง</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="หมวดหมู่:ฮั่นจื้อภาษากวางตุ้ง (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ฮั่นจื้อภาษากวางตุ้ง</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="หมวดหมู่:ฮั่นจื้อภาษาแคะ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ฮั่นจื้อภาษาแคะ</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="หมวดหมู่:ฮั่นจื้อภาษาหมิ่นเหนือ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ฮั่นจื้อภาษาหมิ่นเหนือ</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="หมวดหมู่:ฮั่นจื้อภาษาหมิ่นตะวันออก (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ฮั่นจื้อภาษาหมิ่นตะวันออก</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="หมวดหมู่:ฮั่นจื้อภาษาฮกเกี้ยน (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ฮั่นจื้อภาษาฮกเกี้ยน</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%8B%E0%B8%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="หมวดหมู่:ฮั่นจื้อภาษาแต้จิ๋ว (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ฮั่นจื้อภาษาแต้จิ๋ว</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="หมวดหมู่:ฮั่นจื้อภาษาอู๋ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ฮั่นจื้อภาษาอู๋</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99" title="หมวดหมู่:คำกริยาภาษาจีน">คำกริยาภาษาจีน</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="หมวดหมู่:คำกริยาภาษาจีนกลาง">คำกริยาภาษาจีนกลาง</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87" title="หมวดหมู่:คำกริยาภาษากวางตุ้ง">คำกริยาภาษากวางตุ้ง</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B0" title="หมวดหมู่:คำกริยาภาษาแคะ">คำกริยาภาษาแคะ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" title="หมวดหมู่:คำกริยาภาษาหมิ่นเหนือ">คำกริยาภาษาหมิ่นเหนือ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81" title="หมวดหมู่:คำกริยาภาษาหมิ่นตะวันออก">คำกริยาภาษาหมิ่นตะวันออก</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="หมวดหมู่:คำกริยาภาษาฮกเกี้ยน">คำกริยาภาษาฮกเกี้ยน</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%8B%E0%B8%A7" title="หมวดหมู่:คำกริยาภาษาแต้จิ๋ว">คำกริยาภาษาแต้จิ๋ว</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%8B" title="หมวดหมู่:คำกริยาภาษาอู๋">คำกริยาภาษาอู๋</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99" title="หมวดหมู่:คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษาจีน">คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษาจีน</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="หมวดหมู่:คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษาจีนกลาง">คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษาจีนกลาง</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87" title="หมวดหมู่:คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษากวางตุ้ง">คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษากวางตุ้ง</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B0" title="หมวดหมู่:คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษาแคะ">คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษาแคะ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" title="หมวดหมู่:คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษาหมิ่นเหนือ">คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษาหมิ่นเหนือ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81" title="หมวดหมู่:คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษาหมิ่นตะวันออก">คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษาหมิ่นตะวันออก</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="หมวดหมู่:คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษาฮกเกี้ยน">คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษาฮกเกี้ยน</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%8B%E0%B8%A7" title="หมวดหมู่:คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษาแต้จิ๋ว">คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษาแต้จิ๋ว</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%8B" title="หมวดหมู่:คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษาอู๋">คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ภาษาอู๋</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2_%E6%80%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="หมวดหมู่:ศัพท์ภาษาจีนที่สะกดด้วย 总 (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ศัพท์ภาษาจีนที่สะกดด้วย 总</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:zh-pron_usage_missing_POS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="หมวดหมู่:zh-pron usage missing POS (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">zh-pron usage missing POS</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD" title="หมวดหมู่:ศัพท์ภาษาจีนที่มีการออกเสียงไอพีเอ">ศัพท์ภาษาจีนที่มีการออกเสียงไอพีเอ</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">หมวดหมู่ที่ซ่อนอยู่: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3" title="หมวดหมู่:หน้าที่มีรายการ">หน้าที่มีรายการ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5_2_%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3" title="หมวดหมู่:หน้าที่มี 2 รายการ">หน้าที่มี 2 รายการ</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> หน้านี้แก้ไขล่าสุดเมื่อวันที่ 20 ธันวาคม 2566 เวลา 16:49</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">อนุญาตให้เผยแพร่ข้อความภายใต้<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">สัญญาอนุญาตครีเอทีฟคอมมอนส์ แบบแสดงที่มา-อนุญาตแบบเดียวกัน</a>; อาจมีเงื่อนไขอื่นเพิ่ม ดูรายละเอียดที่ <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">ข้อกำหนดการใช้งาน</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">นโยบายความเป็นส่วนตัว</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A">เกี่ยวกับวิกิพจนานุกรม</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%8F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9B">ข้อปฏิเสธความรับผิดชอบ</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">จรรยาบรรณ</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">ผู้พัฒนา</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/th.wiktionary.org">สถิติ</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">นโยบายการใช้คุกกี้</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//th.m.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%BB&printable=yes&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">มุมมองสำหรับอุปกรณ์เคลื่อนที่</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-jhvjh","wgBackendResponseTime":125,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.360","walltime":"0.492","ppvisitednodes":{"value":209,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":28056,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":153,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":8,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":8,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":610,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 469.706 1 -total"," 56.42% 265.010 1 แม่แบบ:character_info"," 18.81% 88.362 1 แม่แบบ:zh-pron"," 18.10% 85.008 1 แม่แบบ:zh-see"," 5.39% 25.327 1 แม่แบบ:Han_char"," 0.85% 4.002 1 แม่แบบ:Han_ref"," 0.35% 1.650 1 แม่แบบ:Han_KangXi_link"," 0.29% 1.340 1 แม่แบบ:ต้องการแปล"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.313","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":12575184,"limit":104857600}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-8745688f8-24dsk","timestamp":"20241121102020","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> </body> </html>