Calenda - Faire l鈥檋istoire de l鈥檃rchitecture au prisme des questions environnementales et d茅coloniales

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="fr" lang="fr"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-language" content="" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" href="favicon.ico" /> <title>Calenda - Faire l鈥檋istoire de l鈥檃rchitecture au prisme des questions environnementales et d茅coloniales</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://static-origin.openedition.org/openbarre_/styles/main.css?date=2018-11-06" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/screen.css" media="screen, print" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/print.css" media="print" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-ui-1.8.17.custom.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.form.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-fr.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-de.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-en.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-pt.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-es.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.sprintf.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/calenda.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/common.js"></script> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@calendaSHS" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://calenda.org/1209160" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Faire l鈥檋istoire de l鈥檃rchitecture au prisme des questions environn..." /> <meta property="og:description" content="De l’historiographie à l’épistémologie de l’histoire, quelles sont les « nouveaux problèmes, nouvelles approches, nouveaux objets » – en reprenant et actualisant les postures de Pierre Nora et Jacq..." /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://calenda.org/images/favicon_150x150.png" /> <meta name="DC.rights" content="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"></head> <body> <div id="ob-breadcrumb" class="ob-breadcrumb-calenda"> <div class="container"> <a href="https://calenda.org">Accueil</a><a href=""><span>Faire l鈥檋istoire de l鈥檃rchitecture au prisme des questions environnementales et d茅coloniales</span></a> </div> </div> <div id="wrapper"> <div id="content"> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-ui-1.8.17.custom.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.form.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-fr.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-de.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-en.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-pt.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-es.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.sprintf.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/calenda.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/common.js"></script> <div class="colwrapper"> <div id="icon" class="column"> <h2><a href="search?primary=ftype&ftype=40">Appel 脿 contribution</a><span><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=228">Histoire</a></span></h2> <div id="tabledates"> <h2>Dates</h2> <div class="list_dates"> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td class="unique_date"> <div class="day"><a href="search.html?primary=fdate&fyear=2025&fmonth=01&fday=15">15</a></div> <div class="month"><a href="search.html?primary=fdate&fyear=2025&fmonth=01">jan</a></div> <div class="year"><a href="search.html?primary=fdate&fyear=2025">2025</a></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div id="listcategories"> <h2>Cat茅gories</h2> <ul> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=277">Histoire culturelle</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=279">Patrimoine</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=232">Histoire urbaine</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=225">脡pist茅mologie & histoire de la g茅ographie</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=281">Identit茅s culturelles</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=282">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=222">Nature, paysage et environnement</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="document" class="column"> <div id="main"> <div class="titles"> <h1 class="origt"><a href="1209160">Faire l鈥檋istoire de l鈥檃rchitecture au prisme des questions environnementales et d茅coloniales</a></h1> <h2 class="origt">Making architectural history through the prism of environmental and decolonial issues</h2> </div> <div class="mapuce2">*  *  *</div> <p id="pubdate"> Publi茅 le mardi 26 novembre 2024 </p> <div id="texte"> <div id="resume"> <p class="intitule">R茅sum茅</p> <div class="tabMenu"><a href="#resume-1209160-fr" hreflang="fr" class="active">Fran莽ais</a> <a href="#resume-1209160-en" hreflang="en">English</a> </div> <div id="resume-1209160-fr" class="tabContent" lang="fr" xml:lang="fr"> <p style="text-align: left;">De l’historiographie à l’épistémologie de l’histoire, quelles sont les « nouveaux problèmes, nouvelles approches, nouveaux objets » – en reprenant et actualisant les postures de Pierre Nora et Jacques Le Goff – nouvelles périodisations, nouvelles aires géographiques de l’histoire de l’architecture ? Ce colloque souhaite pouvoir expliciter la complexité de ces récits, à la fois pluriels et situés, afin de mieux comprendre les questions méthodologiques qu’ils soulèvent et les enjeux contemporains qu’ils éclairent. Il mettra ces nouvelles donnes en discussion — et en résonance — à partir d’approches qui se revendiquent postcoloniales et/ou environnementales. Il cherchera à interroger les implications épistémologiques induites par l’utilisation de certaines notions, telles que l’anthropocène, et leurs mobilisations dans le domaine de la recherche en architecture.</p> </div> <div id="resume-1209160-en" class="tabContent hidden" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <p style="text-align: left;">From historiography to the epistemology of history, what are the "new problems, new approaches, new objects" - taking up and updating the postures of Pierre Nora and Jacques Le Goff - new periodizations, new geographical areas of architectural history? This symposium aims to clarify the complexity of these narratives, which are both plural and situated, in order to better understand the methodological questions they raise and the contemporary issues they illuminate. It will question these new data and make them resonate with approaches that claim to be postcolonial and/or environmental. It will examine the epistemological implications of the use of certain notions, such as the anthropocene, and their mobilization in the field of architectural research.</p> </div> </div> <div id="annonce"> <p class="intitule">Annonce</p> <div class="tabMenu"><a href="#annonce-1209160-fr" hreflang="fr" class="active">Fran莽ais</a> <a href="#annonce-1209160-en" hreflang="en">English</a> </div> <div id="annonce-1209160-fr" class="tabContent" lang="fr" xml:lang="fr"> <h1 class="MsoNormal">Argumentaire</h1> <p style="text-align: left;">Dans un processus sans doute cyclique, de nombreuses publications récentes nous invitent à « repenser » ou à «revisiter » l’historiographie[1], en cherchant à dépasser les approches monographiques, la critique des édifices ou un récit des courants architecturaux. Elles se donnent pour enjeux d’appréhender le champ architectural au prisme des grandes préoccupations sociétales mondiales au sein des modernités tardives et complexes (quels que soient les préfixes qui y sont souvent accolés)[2].</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Ainsi, depuis près de deux décennies, les études postcoloniales[3] (voire décoloniales) et les études environnementales ont pénétré avec force la discipline, au point que certains évoquent l’émergence d’histoires « nouvelles » ou « alternatives »[4]. Il apparait alors nécessaire de porter à présent un regard réflexif et critique, en interrogeant l’introduction de ces études et de leurs concepts dans l’historiographie et en explorant les nouvelles constructions de l’histoire de l’architecture au regard des préoccupations actuelles. </p> <p style="text-align: left;">De l’historiographie à l’épistémologie de l’histoire, quelles sont les « nouveaux problèmes, nouvelles approches, nouveaux objets » – en reprenant et actualisant les postures de Pierre Nora et Jacques Le Goff – nouvelles périodisations, nouvelles aires géographiques de l’histoire de l’architecture ?</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Ce colloque souhaite pouvoir expliciter la complexité de ces récits, à la fois pluriels et situés, afin de mieux comprendre les questions méthodologiques qu'ils soulèvent et les enjeux contemporains qu'ils éclairent. Il mettra ces nouvelles donnes en discussion — et en résonance — à partir d'approches qui se revendiquent postcoloniales et/ou environnementales. Il cherchera à interroger les implications épistémologiques induites par l’utilisation de certaines notions, telles que l’anthropocène[5], et leurs mobilisations dans le domaine de la recherche en architecture. En quoi, où et comment les pensées environnementales et décoloniales pourraient-elles se rencontrer pour commencer à travailler certains impensés de l’histoire ? Malcom Ferdinand nous invite à penser « une écologie décoloniale » depuis le monde caribéen en faisant de la critique décoloniale et des luttes contre les discriminations culturelles et racistes le levier des luttes environnementales[6]. Ces pensées considérant que la modernité est dans son rapport au monde intrinsèquement coloniale, tendue par un universalisme eurocentré, ce colloque pourra aussi questionner la possibilité pour certaines modernités de l’architecture de relever du postcolonial, voire du décolonial. Les approches historiques actuelles qui bousculent l’eurocentrisme et tentent de redéfinir certains fondamentaux de la discipline architecturale - dans la diversité de ses acceptions, échelles et modalités - seront au c&oelig;ur du colloque.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Le colloque entend également approfondir l’impact que ces nouvelles postures peuvent avoir sur le rapport entre, d’une part, des tentatives de réécriture de grandes histoires selon une approche de longue durée braudélienne[7] - avec des ouvrages également « grand public »[8] - et, d’autre part, des exemples d’approches plus micro-historiques[9]. Cette dialectique – d’ailleurs typique des disciplines historiques en général - est peut-être plus spécifique au champ de l’histoire environnementale.  </p> <p style="text-align: left;">In-fine, les nouvelles histoires décoloniales et environnementales représentent à notre avis une opportunité pour réaffirmer le rôle de l'historien comme intellectuel engagé : elles constituent, en particulier pour l’histoire de l’architecture, l’occasion de requestionner certaines acceptions de la discipline architecturale, notamment la notion de projet, les savoirs, pratiques et formes d’action de l’architecte dans le « temps présent ».</p> <h3>Axes de réflexions envisagés</h3> <h3>1 - Histoires postcoloniales ou décoloniales de l’architecture</h3> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">De plus en plus de publications tentent d’écrire une histoire de l’architecture, de la ville et des territoires dans une perspective mondiale (dans une dynamique proche du « global turn »)<span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[10]</span>. Elles mettent en avant les mouvements transnationaux des Hommes et des idées suivant des échanges non-unilatéraux, à partir de notions telles que celles de « transferts culturels » ou de « créolisation » forgées respectivement par Michel Espagne et Edouard Glissant<span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[11]</span>, invitant à observer des postures qui se situent entre l’emprunt et l’imposition<span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[12]</span>. Au tournant du XXIème siècle, Dipesh Chakrabarty appelait à « provincialiser l’Europe »<span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[13]</span> et Sibel Bozdo臒an à repenser les conceptions de l’histoire de l’architecture au prisme du « challenge postcolonial », c’est-à-dire à ouvrir et à décentrer les canons de l’histoire, sans pour autant verser dans une essentialisation identitaire<span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[14]</span>.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">Depuis, de nombreux travaux ont interrogé le rapport à l’ « Autre » et l’écriture d’ « une autre histoire du monde » en bousculant les oppositions obsolètes entre Nord et Sud, entre universalisme eurocentré et reconnaissance des spécificités du local et altérités plurielles<span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[15]</span>. Mais si, par exemple, Ezra Akcan identifiait deux approches - l’une poststructuraliste à partir des travaux de Gülsüm Nalbarito臒lu et l’autre humaniste à partir de ceux de Sibel Bozdo臒an - dans l’introduction des approches postcoloniales dans l'histoire de l’architecture<span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[16]</span>, nous souhaitons avec les contributions de ce colloque international, d’une part ouvrir le champ des réflexions pour comprendre les oublis, effacements et impensés temporels, spatiaux et culturels de l‘histoire de l‘architecture, contribuer à l’écriture d’histoires autres de l’architecture, et d’autre part commencer à dresser les cartographies critiques et méthodologiques d’histoires qui s’attachent à expliciter qui parle et à partir d’où.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">Nous souhaitons ainsi interroger la possibilité d’une décolonisation radicale du regard de l’historiographie.</p> <h3>2 - Histoires environnementales de l’architecture</h3> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">Depuis quelques décennies, l’histoire environnementale, qui entend explorer « les dimensions multiples des interactions de l’homme avec la nature<span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[17]</span>», est devenue un domaine de recherche à part entière. Ce champ aux frontières poreuses et sans cesse remises en question irrigue et impacte largement de nombreuses autres disciplines. Si « l‘histoire urbaine, à contre-courant <span class="normaltextrun">d’une histoire en miettes, est, en elle-même, un exercice de synthèse</span><span class="normaltextrun"> »</span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[18]</span>, l’histoire environnementale est encore plus ambitieuse en proposant des cadrages spatiaux et temporels inhabituels par leur ampleur. Le changement climatique rappelle que la question urbaine se double d‘une question écologique, et qu‘il ne suffit plus de réfléchir à la ville « dans » son territoire, plus ou moins étendu, mais que ce territoire est devenu la planète entière. De plus, le défi écologique met en question les modes de production du domaine du bâtiment, un des secteurs le plus polluants et impose la transformation du monde de l’architecture et de ses pratiques. Des approches multidisciplinaires sont alors encore plus nécessaires. La notion d’environnement, où s’entremêlent données naturelles et artificialisation humaine prend place au c&oelig;ur du projet architectural et le redéfinit.  Dès lors, l’histoire de l’architecture ne peut échapper à ce nouveau paradigme interprétatif. La question majeure, que le colloque voudrait éclairer, est désormais : que fait l’histoire environnementale à l’histoire de l’architecture ?</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">L'histoire environnementale a sans doute porté l'attention sur de nouveaux « acteurs » tels que la terre, les matières premières, les ressources énergétiques, les matériaux, les non-humains vivants ou inanimés. Tout d’abord, le colloque voudrait investiguer dans quelle mesure ce déplacement permet de mieux comprendre les relations entre l'architecture et « ce qui l’entoure » dans le temps, étant attentifs aussi au vocabulaire utilisé (nature, milieu, <em>Umwelt</em>, environnement, etc.). Nous voudrions aussi réfléchir sur ce que les architectes praticiens, historiens ou théoriciens entendent par le mot « environnement » dont le sens change d'un moment historique à l'autre, dans un processus de co-construction des sociétés et de leurs contextes, en évitant un risque majeur : celui d’idéologiser la notion d’environnement, trop souvent mobilisée comme étant une clé interprétative simpliste et réductrice, au-delà des contextes temporels et géographiques spécifiques.</p> <h3>Croisements</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">Les deux axes de réflexion dans lesquels les propositions d’intervention pourront s’inscrire peuvent s’ouvrir sur des propositions transversales.  <br>Comme l’ont montré plusieurs ouvrages - tels que <em>Conservation in Africa. People, Policies and Practice </em>(1987)<span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[19]</span>, jusqu’aux recherches plus récentes sur les architectures dites tropicales, telles que <em>A Genealogy of Tropical Architecture: Colonial Networks, Nature and Technoscience </em>(2016)<span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[20]</span> - les histoires postcoloniales et environnementales sont étroitement liées.</p> <h1>Informations pratiques</h1> <ul> <li>Dates : 9-10-11 avril 2025.</li> <li>Lieu : Institut d’Études Avancées, Paris</li> <li class="MsoNormal">Déroulement du colloque : 3 journées, avec 2 sessions par journée. Chaque journée sera introduite par la conférence d’un invité. Les sessions, thématiques (par axe et/ou transversales), se composeront de 4/5 interventions suivies d’une discussion.  </li> </ul> <h1>Procédure de candidature et délais</h1> <ul> <li>Langues du colloque : anglais et français</li> <li> <h3>Envoi de l’abstract : 15 janvier 2025 à <span lang="EN-US"><strong>ieanouvelleshistoires@gmail.com</strong></span></h3> </li> <li class="MsoNormal">Elles seront rédigées en anglais ou en français. Chaque proposition précisera l’axe et comportera une très courte biographie scientifique de l’auteur, un titre et un abstract<strong> </strong>de 500 mots. Cet abstract permettra d’évaluer la pertinence de la proposition et sera articulé en problématique, méthodologie, corpus / sources / terrain et références bibliographiques.  </li> <li>Réponse aux candidats retenus : début février 2025</li> <li class="MsoNormal">Envoi de première ébauche d’article : 2 avril 2025 : Texte entre 2000 et 3000 mots, en anglais ou en français, préfigurant le déroulement de l’intervention orale et la structure générale de l’article à venir. Il constituera un préalable à la rédaction des articles retenus pour la publication des actes du colloque. Les normes éditoriales précises seront envoyées par la suite.</li> </ul> <h1>Comité de pilotage</h1> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">Diane Aymard (AAU/CRENAU-Nantes), Federico Ferrari (ENSAPM-ACS/AUSser-PSL), Marilena Kourniati (ENSAPLV-AHTTEP/AUSser), Christelle Lecoeur (ENSAPM-PSL), Marilia Macedo Espina (ENSAPM-ACS/AUSser-PSL), Sophie Paviol (ENSAG-AE&CC).</p> <h1>Comité scientifique</h1> <p style="text-align: left;">Lucia Allais (Columbia University), Marco Assennato (ENSAPM- ACS/AUSser -PSL), Diane Aymard (AAU/CRENAU-Nantes), Paul Bouet (ENSA Paris Est-OCS/AUSser-Université Gustave Eiffeil), Federico Ferrari (ENSAPM- ACS/AUSser -PSL), Ariela Katz (ENSAPM- ACS/AUSser -PSL), Marilena Kourniati (ENSAPLV-AHTTEP/AUSser), Johan Lagae (Université de Gand), Guillemette Morel Journel (ENSAPM-ACS/AUSser-PSL), Sophie Paviol (ENSAG-AE&CC), Filippo De Pieri (Politecnico de Turin), Daniel Sherer (Princeton University School of Architecture/Université de Ferrare)</p> <h1>Notes</h1> <ol> <li> <p>Tom Avermaete, Véronique Paeuw, Léa-Catherine Szacka et Hans Teerds (dir.), <em>Critical Regionalism Revisited</em>, OASE, n° 103, 2019 ; Maristella Casciato, Daniel E. Coslett et Vikramaditya (dir.), <em>Rethinking Global Modernism. Architectural Historiography and the Postcolonial</em>, Abingdon/Oxon, Routledge, 2022 ; Elie G. Haddad et David RYind (dir.), <em>A Critical History of Contemporary Architecture, 1960-2010</em>, Farnham, Ashgate, 2014.</p> </li> <li> <p>Fredric Jameson, <em>Le Postmodernisme ou la logique culturelle du capitalisme tardif</em>, Paris, Beaux-arts de Paris Éditions, 2007 [<em>Postmodernism, or, the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism</em>, Durham, NC, Duke University Press, 1991].</p> </li> <li> <p>Sibel Bozdogan, « Architectural History in Professional Education: Reflections on Postcolonial Challenges to the Modern Survey », <em>Journal of Architectural Education</em>, n° 4, vol. 52, mai 1999, p. 207-215 ; Lu Duanfang (dir.), <em>Third World Modernism. Architecture, Development and Identity</em>, New York, Routledge, 2011 ; Felipe Hernandez, <em>Bhabha for Architects</em>, Londres, Routledge, 2010.</p> </li> <li> <p>Voir le programme du cycle de conférences “Nouvelles histoires” organisé par Paul Bouet, Fanny Lopez et Frédérique Mocquet à l’ENSA Paris-Est du 1er mars au 15 mai 2022 : <a href="https://www.paris-est.archi.fr/agenda/cycle-des-lecons-du-mardi-2021-2022-s2" target="_new" rel="noopener">https://www.paris-est.archi.fr/agenda/cycle-des-lecons-du-mardi-2021-2022-s2</a>.</p> </li> <li> <p>Pour le concept d’anthropocène, voir Christophe Bonneuil, Jean-Baptiste Fressoz, <em>L’événement Anthropocène. La Terre, l’Histoire et nous</em>, Paris, Seuil, 2013 ; pour le concept de révolution urbaine et sa remise en cause, voir David Graeber, David Wengrow, <em>The Dawn of Everything: A New History of Humanity</em>, Londres, Allen Lane, 2021 (éd. fr. : <em>Au commencement était... Une nouvelle histoire de l’humanité</em>, Paris, Les liens qui libèrent, 2021).</p> </li> <li> <p>Malcom Ferdinand, <em>Une écologie décoloniale. Penser l’écologie depuis le monde caribéen</em>, Paris, Seuil, 2019.</p> </li> <li> <p>À titre d’exemple : Barnabas Calder, <em>Architecture: From Prehistory to Climate Emergency</em>, Londres, Pelican Books, 2021 ; Hans Ibelings, <em>Modern Architecture: A Planetary Warming History</em>, Amsterdam/Montreal, The Architecture Observer, 2023.</p> </li> <li> <p>Philippe Rahm, <em>Histoire naturelle de l’architecture : comment le climat, les épidémies et l’énergie ont façonné la ville et les bâtiments</em>, Paris, Pavillon de l’Arsenal, 2020.</p> </li> <li> <p>À titre d’exemple : Daniel A. Barber, <em>Modern Architecture and Climate: Design Before Air Conditioning</em>, Princeton, NJ, Princeton University Press, 2020 ; Jane Haffner (dir.), <em>Landscapes of Housing: Design and Planning in the History of Environmental Thought</em>, Abingdon, Routledge, 2022 ; Kiel Moe, <em>Unless: The Seagram Building Construction Ecology</em>, Barcelone, Actar, 2021.</p> </li> <li> <p>Kenneth Frampton (dir.), <em>World Architecture, 1900-2000: A Critical Mosaic</em> [10 volumes], Vienne, Springer, 1999-2000 ; Tom Avermaete, Michelangelo Sabanino, <em>The Global Turn. Six Journeys of Architecture and the City, 1945-1989</em>, Nai010 Publishers, 2024 [à paraître] ; Richard Ingersoll, Spiro Kostof, <em>World Architecture. A Cross-Cultural History</em>, New York/Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2013.</p> </li> <li> <p>Edouard Glissant, <em>Traité du Tout-Monde</em>, Paris, Gallimard, 1997 ; Michel Espagne, <em>Les Transferts culturels franco-allemands</em>, Paris, PUF, 1999.</p> </li> <li> <p>Stephen V. Ward, « Re-Examining the International Diffusion of Planning » [chapitre 3], dans Robert Freestone (dir.), <em>Urban Planning in a Changing World. The Twentieth Century Experience</em>, Londres, Routledge, 2000, p. 40-60 ; Mercedes Volait et Joe Nasr (dir.), <em>Urbanisme : Imported or Exported ?</em>, Chichester, Wiley, 2003.</p> </li> <li> <p>Dipesh Chakrabarty, <em>Provincializing Europe. Postcolonial Thought and Historical Difference</em>, Princeton, Princeton University Press, 2000.</p> </li> <li> <p>Sibel Bozdogan, « Architectural History in Professional Education: Reflections on Postcolonial Challenges to the Modern Survey », <em>Journal of Architectural Education</em>, n° 4, vol. 52, mai 1999, p. 207-215.</p> </li> <li> <p>Zeynep Celik, « Cultural Intersections: Re-visioning Architecture and the City in the Twentieth Century », dans Richard Koshalek (dir.), <em>At the End of the Century. One Hundred Years of Architecture</em>, New York, Harry N. Abrams, 1998, p. 190-227 ; Philippe Colin, Lissel Quiroz, <em>Pensées décoloniales: une introduction aux théories critiques d’Amériques Latines</em>, Paris, La Découverte, 2023 ; Anthony D. King, <em>Colonial Urban Development (Culture, Social Power and Environment)</em>, Londres, Routledge, 1976 ; Pierre Singaravélou, Fabrice Argounès, Camille Faucourt, <em>Une autre histoire du monde</em>, Paris/Marseille, Gallimard/Mucem, 2023.</p> </li> <li> <p>Ezra Akcan, « Postcolonial Theories in Architecture », dans Elie G. Haddad et David RYind (dir.), <em>A Critical History of Contemporary Architecture, 1960-2010</em>, New York, Routledge, 2016 (1ère éd. 2014), p. 115-136.</p> </li> <li> <p>Carolyn Merchant, <em>The Columbian Guide to American Environmental History</em>, New York, Columbia University Press, 2002.</p> </li> <li> <p>Philippe Descola, <em>Par-delà nature et culture</em>, Paris, Gallimard, 2005.</p> </li> <li> <p>Jean-Luc Pinol, <em>Introduction</em>, dans <em>Histoire de l’Europe Urbaine : Tome 1, La ville antique</em>, Paris, Seuil, 2011. Sur la place de l’environnement urbain au sein de l’histoire environnementale, voir Geneviève Massard-Guilbaud, « Pour une histoire environnementale de l’urbain », <em>Histoire urbaine</em>, n° 18, 2007, p. 5-21.</p> </li> <li> <p>David Anderson, Richard Grove (dir.), <em>Conservation in Africa. People, Policies and Practice</em>, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1987.</p> </li> <li> <p>Jiat-Hwee Chang, <em>A Genealogy of Tropical Architecture: Colonial Networks, Nature and Technoscience</em>, Londres, Routledge, 2016.</p> </li> </ol> </div> <div id="annonce-1209160-en" class="tabContent hidden" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <h1 class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Abstract</span></h1> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">In an undoubtedly cyclical process, numerous recent publications invite us to </span><span lang="EN-US">"</span><span lang="EN-US">rethink</span><span lang="EN-US">" </span><span lang="EN-US">or </span><span lang="EN-US">"</span><span lang="EN-US">revisit</span><span lang="EN-US">"</span><span lang="EN-US"> historiography</span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[1]</span><span lang="EN-US">, seeking to go beyond monographic approaches,</span> <span lang="EN-US">criticism of architectural objects and the presentation of architectural movements</span><span lang="EN-US">. Their aim is to apprehend the architectural field through the prism of major global societal concerns within the late, complex modernities (whatever prefixes are often attached to them).</span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[2]</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">For almost two decades now, postcolonial</span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[3]</span><span lang="EN-US"> (or even decolonial) studies and environmental studies have penetrated the discipline with force, to the point where some evoke the emergence of "new" or "alternative" histories</span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[4]</span><span lang="EN-US"> . It now seems necessary to take a reflective and critical look at architecture in the light of current concerns. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">From historiography to the epistemology of history, what are the "new problems, new approaches, new objects" - taking up and updating the postures of Pierre Nora and Jacques Le Goff </span><span lang="EN-US">- </span><span lang="EN-US">new periodizations, new geographical areas of architectural history?</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">This </span><span lang="IT">symposium</span> <span lang="EN-US">aims to clarify the complexity of these narratives, which are both plural and situated, in order to better understand the methodological questions they raise and the contemporary issues they illuminate. It will question these new data and make them resonate with approaches that claim to be postcolonial and/or environmental. </span><span lang="EN-US">It will examine the epistemological implications of the use of certain notions, such as the anthropocene</span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[5]</span><span lang="EN-US">, and their mobilization in the field of architectural research. In what way, where and how might environmental and decolonial thinking come together to encourage the exploration of uncharted aspects of history? Malcom Ferdinand invites us to think about "decolonial ecology</span><span lang="EN-US">" </span><span lang="EN-US">from a Caribbean perspective, using decolonial critique and struggles against cultural and racist discrimination as a lever for environmental struggles</span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[6]</span><span lang="EN-US"> . Given that modernity is intrinsically colonial in its relationship with the world, and is driven by a Eurocentric universalism, this symposium will also examine the possibility of certain architectural modernities being postcolonial, or even decolonial. </span><span lang="EN-US">Current historical approaches that challenge Eurocentrism and attempt to redefine </span><span lang="EN-US">certain fundamentals of the architectural discipline - </span><span lang="EN-US">in the diversity of its meanings, scales and modalities - will be at the heart of the symposium. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">The </span><span lang="IT">symposium</span> <span lang="EN-US">also intends to explore the impact these new postures may have on the relationship between, on the one hand, attempts to rewrite great histories using a “Braudelian” long-term approach</span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[7]</span><span lang="EN-US"> - with works that are also </span><span lang="EN-US">"</span><span lang="EN-US">mainstream</span><span lang="EN-US">"</span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[8]</span><span lang="EN-US"> - and, on the other hand, examples of more micro-historical approaches</span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[9]</span><span lang="EN-US"> . This dialectic - typical of </span><span lang="EN-US">historical </span><span lang="EN-US">disciplines </span><span lang="EN-US">in general - is perhaps more specific to the field of environmental history.   </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">In our view, the new decolonial and environmental histories represent an opportunity to reaffirm the role of the historian as a committed intellectual: in particular, for the history of architecture, they provide an opportunity to reconsider certain meanings of the architectural discipline, notably the notion of the project, and the architect's knowledge, practices and forms of action in the </span><span lang="EN-US">"</span><span lang="EN-US">present time". </span></p> <h3 class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Areas of reflection<br></span></h3> <h3><span lang="EN-US">1 - Postcolonial or decolonial histories of architecture </span></h3> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">A growing number of publications attempt to write a history of architecture, cities and territories from a global perspective (in a dynamic akin to the "global turn</span><span lang="EN-US">"</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[10]</span><span lang="EN-US">. They highlight the transnational movement of people and ideas through non-unilateral exchanges, using concepts such as "cultural transfer</span><span lang="EN-US">" </span><span lang="EN-US">and "creolization", coined by Michel Espagne and Edouard Glissant respectively</span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[11]</span><span lang="EN-US">, and inviting us to observe postures that fall somewhere between borrowing and imposition</span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[12]</span><span lang="EN-US">. At the turn of the 21<sup>st </sup>century, Dipesh Chakrabarty called for the "provincialization of Europe"</span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[13]</span><span lang="EN-US"> and </span><span lang="EN-US">Sibel Bozdo臒an for a rethinking of conceptions of architectural history through the prism of the </span><span lang="EN-US">"</span><span lang="EN-US">postcolonial challenge", i.e., to open up and decentralize the canons of history, without lapsing into identity-based essentialization.</span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[14]</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Since then, numerous works have questioned the relationship with the </span><span lang="EN-US">"Other</span><span lang="EN-US">" and the writing of "another history of the world", overturning obsolete oppositions between North and South, between Eurocentric universalism and recognition of local specificities and plural otherness</span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[15]</span><span lang="EN-US">. Ezra Akcan, for instance, identified two approaches - one poststructuralist based on the work of </span><span lang="EN-US">Gülsüm </span><span lang="EN-US">Nalbarito臒lu and the other humanist based on the work of </span><span lang="EN-US">Sibel Bozdo臒an - in the introduction of postcolonial approaches in the history of architecture</span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[16]</span><span lang="EN-US">. For our part, through the contributions of this international symposium we hope, on the one hand, to open up the field of reflection for understanding the temporal, spatial and cultural oversights, erasures and unthinking of architectural history, to contribute to the writing of other histories of architecture. On the other hand, our goal is to begin to draw up the critical and methodological cartographies of histories that endeavor to make explicit who is speaking and from where. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Our aim is to explore the possibility of a radical decolonization of historiography.</span></p> <h3><span lang="EN-US">2 - Environmental histories of architecture </span></h3> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">In recent decades, environmental history, which aims to explore "the multiple dimensions of man's interactions with nature”</span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[17]</span><span lang="EN-US">, </span><span lang="EN-US">has become a research field in its own right. This field, whose boundaries are porous and constantly being called into question, has a major influence on many other disciplines. If "urban history, which goes against the grain of </span><span lang="EN-US">a history in pieces, is in itself an exercise in synthesis</span><span lang="EN-US">"</span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[18]</span><span lang="EN-US">, environmental history is even more ambitious</span><span lang="EN-US">, proposing spatial and temporal framings that are unusual in their scope. </span><span lang="EN-US">Climate change is a reminder that the urban question goes hand in hand with an ecological question, and that it is no longer enough to think about the city "in" its territory, whether large or small, but that this territory has become the entire planet. What's more, the ecological challenge calls into question production methods in the building industry, one of the </span><span lang="EN-US">most polluting </span><span lang="EN-US">sectors</span><span lang="EN-US">, and requires a transformation of the world of architecture and its practices. This makes multidisciplinary approaches all the more necessary. The notion of environment, where natural data and human artificiality intermingle, is taking its place at the heart of the architectural project and redefining it.  </span><span lang="EN-US">The history of architecture cannot escape this new interpretative paradigm. </span><span lang="EN-US">The major question to be addressed by this symposium is: what does environmental history have to do with the history of architecture? </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Environmental history has undoubtedly focused attention on new </span><span lang="EN-US">"</span><span lang="EN-US">actors</span><span lang="EN-US">" </span><span lang="EN-US">such as the earth, raw materials, energy resources, materials and living or inanimate non-humans. First of all, the colloquium would like to investigate to which extent this shift enables us to better understand the relationships between architecture and </span><span lang="EN-US">"</span><span lang="EN-US">what surrounds it</span><span lang="EN-US">" </span><span lang="EN-US">over time, paying close attention to the chosen vocabulary (nature, milieu, <em>Umwelt</em>, environment, etc.). We would also like to reflect on what practicing architects, historians and theorists understand by the word </span><span lang="EN-US">"</span><span lang="EN-US">environment</span><span lang="EN-US">"</span><span lang="EN-US">, whose meaning changes based on the historical moment, in a process of co-construction of societies and their contexts, avoiding a major risk: that of ideologizing the notion of environment, too often mobilized as a simplistic and reductive interpretative key, beyond specific temporal and geographical contexts. </span></p> <h3><span lang="EN-US">Crossroads</span></h3> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Proposals for intervention may fall in two lines of thinking, opening up to cross-cutting topics and approaches. </span><span lang="EN-US">As shown by several works - such as <em>Conservation in Africa. People, Policies and Practice </em>(1987)</span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[19]</span><span lang="EN-US">, through to more recent research on so-called tropical architectures, such as </span><em><span lang="EN-US">A Genealogy of Tropical Architecture: Colonial Networks, Nature and Technoscience </span></em><span lang="EN-US">(2016)</span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[20]</span><span lang="EN-US"> - postcolonial and environmental histories are closely linked.  <sup>  </sup></span></p> <h1>Practical information</h1> <ul> <li class="MsoNormal">Dates: April 9-10-11, 2025.</li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Venue</span><span lang="EN-US">: </span><span lang="EN-US">Paris Institute for Advanced Study</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Conference schedule</span><span lang="EN-US">: 3 days, with 2 sessions per day. Each day will be introduced by a guest lecture. The sessions will be themed (by axis and/or transversal), and will consist of 4/5 presentations followed by a discussion.   </span></li> </ul> <h1><span lang="EN-US">Application procedure and deadlines</span></h1> <ul> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Conference language: </span><span lang="EN-US">English and French </span></li> </ul> <h3><span lang="EN-US">Abstract submission</span><span lang="EN-US">: January 15, 2025 </span></h3> <ul> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Proposals for contributions should be sent to<strong> ieanouvelleshistoires@gmail.com</strong></span> : <span lang="EN-US">They should be written in English or French. Each proposal must specify the theme and include a very short scientific biography of the author, a title and a 500-word abstract. The </span><span lang="EN-US">abstract</span> <span lang="EN-US">will be used to assess the relevance of the proposal, and should include a description of the problem, methodology, corpus/sources/field and bibliographical references.  </span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Response to selected</span><span lang="EN-US"> candidates</span><span lang="EN-US">: </span><span lang="EN-US">early February 2025</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">First draft of article sent</span><span lang="EN-US">: April 2, 2025 : </span><span lang="EN-US">Text between 2,000 and 3,000 words, in English or French, outlining the oral presentation and the general structure of the article to come. It will be a prerequisite for the drafting of articles selected for publication in the conference proceedings. Precise editorial standards will be sent at a later date. </span></li> </ul> <h1><span lang="EN-US">Steering committee </span></h1> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Diane Aymard (AAU/CRENAU-Nantes), Federico Ferrari (ENSAPM-ACS/AUSser-PSL), Marilena Kourniati (ENSAPLV-AHTTEP/AUSser), Christelle Lecoeur (ENSAPM-PSL), Marilia Macedo Espina (ENSAPM-ACS/AUSser-PSL), Sophie Paviol (ENSAG-AE&CC). </span></p> <h1><span lang="EN-US">Scientific Committee</span></h1> <p style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Lucia Allais (Columbia University), Marco Assennato (ENSAPM- ACS/AUSser -PSL), Diane Aymard (AAU/CRENAU-Nantes), Paul Bouet (ENSA Paris Est-OCS/AUSser-Université Gustave Eiffeil), Federico Ferrari (ENSAPM- ACS/AUSser -PSL), Ariela Katz (ENSAPM- ACS/AUSser -PSL), Marilena Kourniati (ENSAPLV-AHTTEP/AUSser), Johan Lagae (University of Ghent), Guillemette Morel Journel (ENSAPM-ACS/AUSser-PSL), Sophie Paviol (ENSAG-AE&CC), Filippo De Pieri (Politecnico di Torino), Daniel Sherer (Princeton University School of Architecture/Università di Ferrara).</span></p> <h1>Notes</h1> <ol> <li> <p>Tom Avermaete, Véronique Paeuw, Léa-Catherine Szacka, and Hans Teerds (eds.), <em>Critical Regionalism Revisited</em>, OASE, no. 103, 2019; Maristella Casciato, Daniel E. Coslett, and Vikramaditya (eds.), <em>Rethinking Global Modernism. Architectural Historiography and the Postcolonial</em>, Abingdon/Oxon, Routledge, 2022; Elie G. Haddad and David RYind (eds.), <em>A Critical History of Contemporary Architecture, 1960-2010</em>, Farnham, Ashgate, 2014.</p> </li> <li> <p>Fredric Jameson, <em>Le Postmodernisme ou la logique culturelle du capitalisme tardif</em>, Paris, Beaux-arts de Paris Éditions, 2007 [<em>Postmodernism, or, the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism</em>, Durham, NC, Duke University Press, 1991].</p> </li> <li> <p>Sibel Bozdogan, "Architectural History in Professional Education: Reflections on Postcolonial Challenges to the Modern Survey," <em>Journal of Architectural Education</em>, no. 4, vol. 52, May 1999, pp. 207-215; Lu Duanfang (ed.), <em>Third World Modernism. Architecture, Development and Identity</em>, New York, Routledge, 2011; Felipe Hernandez, <em>Bhabha for Architects</em>, London, Routledge, 2010.</p> </li> <li> <p>See the program of the lecture series "Nouvelles histoires" organized by Paul Bouet, Fanny Lopez, and Frédérique Mocquet at ENSA Paris-Est from March 1 to May 15, 2022: https://www.paris-est.archi.fr/agenda/cycle-des-lecons-du-mardi-2021-2022-s2.</p> </li> <li> <p>For the concept of the Anthropocene, see Christophe Bonneuil, Jean-Baptiste Fressoz, <em>L’événement Anthropocène. La Terre, l’Histoire et nous</em>, Paris, Seuil, 2013; for the concept of urban revolution and its questioning, see David Graeber, David Wengrow, <em>The Dawn of Everything: A New History of Humanity</em>, London, Allen Lane, 2021 (French ed.: <em>Au commencement était... Une nouvelle histoire de l’humanité</em>, Paris, Les liens qui libèrent, 2021).</p> </li> <li> <p>Malcom Ferdinand, <em>Une écologie décoloniale. Penser l’écologie depuis le monde caribéen</em>, Paris, Seuil, 2019.</p> </li> <li> <p>As an example: Barnabas Calder, <em>Architecture: From Prehistory to Climate Emergency</em>, London, Pelican Books, 2021; Hans Ibelings, <em>Modern Architecture: A Planetary Warming History</em>, Amsterdam/Montreal, The Architecture Observer, 2023.</p> </li> <li> <p>Philippe Rahm, <em>Histoire naturelle de l’architecture : comment le climat, les épidémies et l’énergie ont façonné la ville et les bâtiments</em>, Paris, Pavillon de l’Arsenal, 2020.</p> </li> <li> <p>As an example: Daniel A. Barber, <em>Modern Architecture and Climate: Design Before Air Conditioning</em>, Princeton, NJ, Princeton University Press, 2020; Jane Haffner (ed.), <em>Landscapes of Housing: Design and Planning in the History of Environmental Thought</em>, Abingdon, Routledge, 2022; Kiel Moe, <em>Unless: The Seagram Building Construction Ecology</em>, Barcelona, Actar, 2021.</p> </li> <li> <p>Kenneth Frampton (ed.), <em>World Architecture, 1900-2000: A Critical Mosaic</em> [10 volumes], Vienna, Springer, 1999-2000; Tom Avermaete, Michelangelo Sabanino, <em>The Global Turn. Six Journeys of Architecture and the City, 1945-1989</em>, Nai010 Publishers, 2024 [forthcoming]; Richard Ingersoll, Spiro Kostof, <em>World Architecture. A Cross-Cultural History</em>, New York/Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2013.</p> </li> <li> <p>Edouard Glissant, <em>Traité du Tout-Monde</em>, Paris, Gallimard, 1997; Michel Espagne, <em>Les Transferts culturels franco-allemands</em>, Paris, PUF, 1999.</p> </li> <li> <p>Stephen V. Ward, "Re-Examining the International Diffusion of Planning" [chapter 3], in Robert Freestone (ed.), <em>Urban Planning in a Changing World. The Twentieth Century Experience</em>, London, Routledge, 2000, pp. 40-60; Mercedes Volait and Joe Nasr (eds.), <em>Urbanisme : Imported or Exported?</em>, Chichester, Wiley, 2003.</p> </li> <li> <p>Dipesh Chakrabarty, <em>Provincializing Europe. Postcolonial Thought and Historical Difference</em>, Princeton, Princeton University Press, 2000.</p> </li> <li> <p>Sibel Bozdogan, "Architectural History in Professional Education: Reflections on Postcolonial Challenges to the Modern Survey," <em>Journal of Architectural Education</em>, no. 4, vol. 52, May 1999, pp. 207-215.</p> </li> <li> <p>Zeynep Celik, "Cultural Intersections: Re-visioning Architecture and the City in the Twentieth Century," in Richard Koshalek (ed.), <em>At the End of the Century. One Hundred Years of Architecture</em>, New York, Harry N. Abrams, 1998, pp. 190-227; Philippe Colin, Lissel Quiroz, <em>Pensées décoloniales: une introduction aux théories critiques d’Amériques Latines</em>, Paris, La Découverte, 2023; Anthony D. King, <em>Colonial Urban Development (Culture, Social Power and Environment)</em>, London, Routledge, 1976; Pierre Singaravélou, Fabrice Argounès, Camille Faucourt, <em>Une autre histoire du monde</em>, Paris/Marseille, Gallimard/Mucem, 2023.</p> </li> <li> <p>Ezra Akcan, "Postcolonial Theories in Architecture," in Elie G. Haddad and David RYind (eds.), <em>A Critical History of Contemporary Architecture, 1960-2010</em>, New York, Routledge, 2016 (1st ed. 2014), pp. 115-136.</p> </li> <li> <p>Carolyn Merchant, <em>The Columbian Guide to American Environmental History</em>, New York, Columbia University Press, 2002.</p> </li> <li> <p>Philippe Descola, <em>Par-delà nature et culture</em>, Paris, Gallimard, 2005.</p> </li> <li> <p>Jean-Luc Pinol, <em>Introduction</em>, in <em>Histoire de l’Europe Urbaine: Tome 1, La ville antique</em>, Paris, Seuil, 2011. For the role of the urban environment in environmental history, see Geneviève Massard-Guilbaud, "Pour une histoire environnementale de l’urbain," <em>Histoire urbaine</em>, no. 18, 2007, pp. 5-21.</p> </li> <li> <p>David Anderson, Richard Grove (eds.), <em>Conservation in Africa. People, Policies and Practice</em>, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1987.</p> </li> <li> <p>Jiat-Hwee Chang, <em>A Genealogy of Tropical Architecture: Colonial Networks, Nature and Technoscience</em>, London, Routledge, 2016.</p> </li> </ol> </div> </div> <div id="categories" class="cat"> <p class="intitule">Cat茅gories</p> <ul> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=228">Histoire</a> (Cat茅gorie principale)</li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=259">Esprit et Langage</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=276">Repr茅sentations</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=277">Histoire culturelle</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=259">Esprit et Langage</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=276">Repr茅sentations</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=279">Patrimoine</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=200">Soci茅t茅s</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=228">Histoire</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=232">Histoire urbaine</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=200">Soci茅t茅s</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=218">G茅ographie</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=225">脡pist茅mologie & histoire de la g茅ographie</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=259">Esprit et Langage</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=276">Repr茅sentations</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=281">Identit茅s culturelles</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=259">Esprit et Langage</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=276">Repr茅sentations</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=282">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=200">Soci茅t茅s</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=218">G茅ographie</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=222">Nature, paysage et environnement</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="lieux"> <p class="intitule">Lieux</p> <ul> <li class="location"> 脡cole Nationale Sup茅rieure d'Architecture (ENSA) Paris-Malaquais - Universit茅 PSL - 17 rue de Bonaparte <br/> Paris, France (75006) </li> </ul> </div> <div id="eventformats"> <h2 class="intitule">Format de l'茅v茅nement</h2> <p>脡v茅nement uniquement sur site</p><br></div> <div id="dates"> <p class="intitule">Dates</p> <ul> <li>mercredi 15 janvier 2025</li> </ul> </div> <div id="attachments"> <p class="intitule">Fichiers attach茅s</p> <ul> <li><a href="1209190?file=1" target="_blank">IEA APPEL Faire l'histoire de l'architecture.pdf</a></li> <li><a href="1209195?file=1" target="_blank">IEA CALL Making architectural history.pdf</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="motscles"> <p class="intitule">Mots-cl茅s</p> <ul> <li>histoires de l'architecture, histoire environnementale, pens茅e d茅coloniale</li> </ul> </div> <div id="contacts"> <p class="intitule">Contacts</p> <ul> <li>Sophie Paviol<br/><em>courriel :</em> ieanewhistories [at] gmail [dot] com<br/></li> <li>Diane Aymard<br/><em>courriel :</em> ieanewhistories [at] gmail [dot] com<br/></li> <li>Federico Ferrari<br/><em>courriel :</em> ieanewhistories [at] gmail [dot] com<br/></li> <li>Marilena Kourniati<br/><em>courriel :</em> ieanewhistories [at] gmail [dot] com<br/></li> </ul> </div> <div id="source"> <p class="intitule">Source de l'information</p> <ul> <li>Sophie Paviol<br/><em>courriel :</em> ieanewhistories [at] gmail [dot] com</li> </ul> </div> <div id="license"> <p class="intitule">Licence</p> <p><a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"><img alt="CC0-1.0" class="cc" src="images/cc0-88x31.png" /></a> Cette annonce est mise 脿 disposition selon les termes de la <a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universel</a>.</p> </div> <div id="citation"> <p class="intitule">Pour citer cette annonce</p> <p>芦 Faire l鈥檋istoire de l鈥檃rchitecture au prisme des questions environnementales et d茅coloniales 禄, <span class="category">Appel 脿 contribution</span>, <em>Calenda</em>, Publi茅 le mardi 26 novembre 2024, <a class="url" href="https://doi.org/10.58079/12rgj">https://doi.org/10.58079/12rgj</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="news" class="column last"> <div id="imprimable"> <a id="impression" onclick="javascript:window.open('1209160?formatage=print', '', 'menubar=yes,toolbar=no,scrollbars=yes,width=800,height=600');return false;" href="1209160?formatage=print">Imprimer</a> <a id="signaler" href="mailto:?subject=Faire%20l%E2%80%99histoire%20de%20l%E2%80%99architecture%20au%20prisme%20des%20questions%20environnementales%20et%20d%C3%A9coloniales&body=Faire%20l%E2%80%99histoire%20de%20l%E2%80%99architecture%20au%20prisme%20des%20questions%20environnementales%20et%20d%C3%A9coloniales%20%0AAppel%20%C3%A0%20contribution%20%0A%0ADates%20%0Amercredi%2015%20janvier%202025%20%0A%20%0ALieux%20%0AParis%2C%20France%20%2875006%29%20%0A%20%0Ahttps%3A%2F%2Fcalenda.org%2F1209160%20%0A%0ADe%20l%E2%80%99historiographie%20%C3%A0%20l%E2%80%99%C3%A9pist%C3%A9mologie%20de%20l%E2%80%99histoire%2C%20quelles%20sont%20les%20%C2%AB%C2%A0nouveaux%20probl%C3%A8mes%2C%20nouvelles%20approches%2C%20nouveaux%20objets%C2%A0%C2%BB%20%E2%80%93%20en%20reprenant%20et%20actualisant%20les%20postures%20de%20Pierre%20Nora%20et%20Jacques%20Le%20Goff%20%E2%80%93%20nouvelles%20p%C3%A9riodisations%2C%20nouvelles%20aires%20g%C3%A9ographiques%20de%20l%E2%80%99histoire%20de%20l%E2%80%99architecture%C2%A0%3F%C2%A0Ce%20colloque%20souhaite%20pouvoir%20expliciter%20la%20complexit%C3%A9%20de%20ces%20r%C3%A9cits%2C%20%C3%A0%20la%20fois%20pluriels%20et%20situ%C3%A9s%2C%20afin%20de%20mieux%20comprendre%20les%20questions%20m%C3%A9thodologiques%20qu%E2%80%99ils%20soul%C3%A8vent%20et%20les%20enjeux%20contemporains%20qu%E2%80%99ils%20%C3%A9clairent.%20Il%20mettra%20ces%20nouvelles%20donnes%20en%20discussion%20%E2%80%94%20et%20en%20r%C3%A9sonance%20%E2%80%94%20%C3%A0%20partir%20d%E2%80%99approches%20qui%20se%20revendiquent%20postcoloniales%20et%2Fou%20environnementales.%20Il%20cherchera%20%C3%A0%20interroger%20les%20implications%20%C3%A9pist%C3%A9mologiques%20induites%20par%20l%E2%80%99utilisation%20de%20certaines%20notions%2C%20telles%20que%20l%E2%80%99anthropoc%C3%A8ne%2C%20et%20leurs%20mobilisations%20dans%20le%20domaine%20de%20la%20recherche%20en%20architecture.%20%0A%0A%C2%AB%20Faire%20l%E2%80%99histoire%20de%20l%E2%80%99architecture%20au%20prisme%20des%20questions%20environnementales%20et%20d%C3%A9coloniales%20%C2%BB%2C%20Appel%20%C3%A0%20contribution%2C%20Calenda%2C%20Publi%C3%A9%20le%20mardi%2026%20novembre%202024%2C%20https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.58079%2F12rgj%20%0A%0A" >Signaler ce document</a> </div> <h2>Archiver cette annonce</h2> <ul id="archiveit"> <li><a href="http://www.google.com/calendar/event?action=TEMPLATE&text=Faire+l%E2%80%99histoire+de+l%E2%80%99architecture+au+prisme+des+questions+environnementales+et+d%C3%A9coloniales&dates=20250115/20250116&details=De+l%E2%80%99historiographie+%C3%A0+l%E2%80%99%C3%A9pist%C3%A9mologie+de+l%E2%80%99histoire%2C+quelles+sont+les+%C2%AB+nouveaux+probl%C3%A8mes%2C+nouvelles+approches%2C+nouveaux+objets+%C2%BB+%E2%80%93+en+reprenant+et+actualisant+les+postures+de+Pierre+Nora+et+Jacques+Le+Goff+%E2%80%93+nouvelles+p%C3%A9riodisations%2C+nouvelles+aires+g%C3%A9ographiques+de+l%E2%80%99histoire+de+l%E2%80%99architecture+%3F+Ce+colloque+souhaite+pouvoir+expliciter+la+complexit%C3%A9+de+ces+r%C3%A9cits%2C+%C3%A0+la+fois+pluriels+et+situ%C3%A9s%2C+afin+de+mieux+comprendre+les+questions+m%C3%A9thodologiques+qu%E2%80%99ils+soul%C3%A8vent+et+les+enjeux+contemporains+qu%E2%80%99ils+%C3%A9clairent.+Il+mettra+ces+nouvelles+donnes+en+discussion+%E2%80%94+et+en+r%C3%A9sonance+%E2%80%94+%C3%A0+partir+d%E2%80%99approches+qui+se+revendiquent+postcoloniales+et%2Fou+environnementales.+Il+cherchera+%C3%A0+interroger+les+implications+%C3%A9pist%C3%A9mologiques+induites+par+l%E2%80%99utilisation+de+certaines+notions%2C+telles+que+l%E2%80%99anthropoc%C3%A8ne%2C+et+leurs+mobilisations+dans+le+domaine+de+la+recherche+en+architecture.+&location=Paris&trp=false&sprop=http%3A%2F%2Fcalenda.org%2F1209160&sprop=name:Calenda" target="_blank"><img src="images/icn_google_2.png" alt="Google Agenda" title="Google Agenda" /></a></li> <li><a href="http://calenda.org/1209160?format=ical"><img src="images/icn_ical.png" alt="iCal" title="iCal" /></a></li> <li class="plop"></li> </ul> <script id="mlt-client" type="text/javascript" src="js/mlt.js" event_id="1209160"></script> </div> </div> </div> <div id="footer"> <div id="footerLogo"><a href="https://www.openedition.org">OpenEdition</a></div> <div id="footerNav"> <p class="first"><a href="map">Plan du site</a><span> | </span><a href="about">Qui sommes-nous ?</a><span> | </span><a href="info">Proposer une annonce d鈥櫭﹙茅nement</a><span> | </span><a href="credits">Cr茅dits</a><span> | </span><a href="https://calenda.org/1092614">Mentions l茅gales</a></p> <p class="first"><a href="https://www.calenda.org/432331">Foire aux questions</a><span> | </span><a href="feeds">Flux de Calenda</a><span> | </span><a href="https://www.openedition.org/41045">Abonnez-vous 脿 la lettre d鈥橭penEdition</a><span> | </span><a href="https://calendablog.hypotheses.org">Le blog de Calenda</a><span> | </span><a href="https://analytics.openedition.org/index.php?module=CoreHome&action=index&idSite=1795&period=month&date=today#?period=month&date=today&category=Dashboard_Dashboard&subcategory=1&idSite=1795">Statistiques de fr茅quentation</a></p> <p class="last"><a href="https://www.openedition.org/41101">Signaler un probl猫me</a> <span> | </span> <a href="https://www.openedition.org/19362">Politique de confidentialit茅</a> <span> | </span> <a href="https://www.openedition.org/37235">Gestion des cookies</a> <span> | </span> <a href="https://calenda.org/1044719">CGU internautes</a> <span> | </span> <a href="https://calenda.org/812671">Accessibilit茅 : non conforme</a></p> <p class="first">ISSN 2107-5646</p> </div> </div></div>  <script type="text/javascript"> var _paq = _paq || []; // tracker methods like "setCustomDimension" should be called before "trackPageView" _paq.push(['setCustomVariable', 1, 'Domain', document.domain, 'visit']); _paq.push(['setCustomVariable', 2, 'Site', 'Calenda', 'visit']); _paq.push(['enableCrossDomainLinking']); _paq.push(['trackPageView']); _paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']); (function() { var u="https://analytics.openedition.org/"; _paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', u+'matomo.php']); _paq.push(['setSiteId', '1795']); var secondaryTrackerUrl = 'https://pk.labocleo.org/matomo.php'; var secondaryWebsiteId = '6'; _paq.push(['addTracker', secondaryTrackerUrl, secondaryWebsiteId]); var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; g.type='text/javascript'; g.async=true; g.defer=true; g.src=u+'matomo.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); })(); </script>  <script type="text/javascript">(function( $ ) { 'use strict'; $(function() { $('body').prepend($('#ob-breadcrumb')); $('body').prepend($('#ob-search')); $('body').prepend($('#ob-header')); }); })(jQuery);</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://static-origin.openedition.org/openbarre_/scripts/main.js?date=2020-09-01"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://static-origin.openedition.org/js/jquery.jsonp-latest.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"></script> <div id="ob-bar-opacity"></div> <div id="ob-search-modal-content" class="ob-modal"> <div class="ob-modal-content"> <div class="ob-modal-content-header"> <i class="ob-icons ob-icons-search-openedition" aria-hidden="true"></i> <button type="button" title="Fermer" id="ob-search-modal-close"><i class="ob-icons ob-icons-modal-close" aria-hidden="true"></i></button> </div> <form action="https://search.openedition.org/results" method="get"> <fieldset> <legend>Rechercher dans OpenEdition Search</legend> <p>Vous allez être redirigé vers OpenEdition Search</p> <input class="ob-search-field" name="q" type="search" title="Expression ou mot-clé" placeholder="Expression ou mot-clé"> <div class="ob-form-group"> <input type="radio" id="choice-1" name="pf" value="" /> <label for="choice-1">Dans tout OpenEdition</label> </div> <div class="ob-form-group"> <input type="radio" id="choice-2" name="pf" value="CO" checked="checked" /> <label for="choice-2">Dans Calenda</label> </div> <button type="submit">Rechercher</button> </fieldset> </form> </div> </div> <div id="ob-header" class="ob-header-calenda" role="banner"> <div class="ob-header-view"> <div class="ob-header-container"> <div class="ob-header-top"> <div class="ob-header-top-right"> <div class="ob-authdata ob-header-top-right-foundation"></div> <div class="ob-header-top-right-langues" role="navigation" aria-label="languageNavigation"> <div id="languagesNavigation"> <ul class="nav"> <li class="link"> <a id="ob-switchLanguage" class="main" href="#" aria-controls="ob-language" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="true" tabindex="0"> <i class="ob-icons ob-icons-langues"></i> <span>Fran莽ais</span> </a> <ul id="ob-language" class="sub" aria-hidden="true" role="menu"> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-1"><a href="/1209160?lang=pt">Portugu锚s</a></li> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-1"><a href="/1209160?lang=en">English</a></li> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-1"><a href="/1209160?lang=de">Deutsch</a></li> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-1"><a href="/1209160?lang=es">Espa帽ol</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="ob-header-top-right-share"> <div id="socialNetworksNavigation"> <ul class="nav" aria-hidden="true"> <li class="link"> <a id="ob-socialShare" class="main" href="#" aria-controls="ob-share" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="true" tabindex="0"> <span>Partager</span> <i class="ob-icons ob-icons-partager"></i> </a> <ul id="ob-share" class="sub" aria-hidden="true" role="menu"> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-1"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fcalenda.org%2F%2F1209160&title=Faire+l%E2%80%99histoire+de+l%E2%80%99architecture+au+prisme+des+questions+environnementales+et+d%C3%A9colonialesMaking+architectural+history+through+the+prism+of+environmental+and+decolonial+issues"><i class="ob-icons ob-icons-fb-partage" title="Facebook"></i>Facebook</a> </li> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-1"> <a href="http://twitter.com/share?text=Faire+l%E2%80%99histoire+de+l%E2%80%99architecture+au+prisme+des+questions+environnementales+et+d%C3%A9colonialesMaking+architectural+history+through+the+prism+of+environmental+and+decolonial+issues&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalenda.org%2F%2F1209160&via=OpenEditionActu"><i class="ob-icons ob-icons-tweet-partage" title="Twitter"></i>Twitter</a> </li> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-1"> <a href="https://plus.google.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalenda.org%2F%2F1209160&title=Faire+l%E2%80%99histoire+de+l%E2%80%99architecture+au+prisme+des+questions+environnementales+et+d%C3%A9colonialesMaking+architectural+history+through+the+prism+of+environmental+and+decolonial+issues"><i class="ob-icons ob-icons-google-partage" title="Google+"></i>Google+</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ob-header-bottom"> <div class="ob-header-bottom-bar"> <div class="ob-header-bottom-row"> <div class="ob-header-bottom-logo"> <a href="/" title="Home" tabindex="1"><svg class="ob-icons ob-icons-logo calenda">"> <use xlink:href="#icon-logo_calenda"></use> </svg></a> <h1 class="ob-header-bottom-logo-text"> Calendrier des sciences humaines et sociales </h1> </div> <div class="ob-header-bottom-nav-container"> <div class="ob-header-bottom-nav-mobile"> <button type="button" id="ob-sidenav-button"> <i class="ob-icons ob-icons-hamb"></i> </button> </div> <div class="ob-header-bottom-nav nosearch"> <nav id="ob-mobile-sidenav" class="ob-header-main-nav"> <ul aria-hidden="true" role="menu" class="ob-mobile-sidenav"> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-1"> <a href="https://calenda.org/">Accueil</a> </li> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-2"> <a href="https://calenda.org/search">Chercher dans les événements</a> </li> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-3"> <a href="https://calenda.org/info">Suggérer un événement</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <a href="javascript:;" class="ob-search2-modal-open"> <span class="openedition-word-1">OpenEdition</span> <span class="openedition-word-2">Search</span> <i class="ob-icons ob-icons-search"></i> </a> </div> <div class="ob-header-bottom-tout-OE"> <div class="ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-content"> <button id="ob-grid-nav-content-open"> <span class="ob-all-openedition">Tout OpenEdition</span> <i class="ob-icons ob-icons-tout-OE"></i> </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <nav id="ob-grid-nav-content" class="ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-content-dropdown"> <div class="ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-content-dropdown-nav"> <div class="ob-authdata ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-content-dropdown-nav-titles ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-foundation"></div> <div class="ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-content-dropdown-nav-titles ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-locales"> <button class="ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-locales-button"> <i class="ob-icons ob-icons-langues"></i> Fran莽ais </button> <ul> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-1"><a href="/1209160?lang=pt">Portugu锚s</a></li> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-1"><a href="/1209160?lang=en">English</a></li> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-1"><a href="/1209160?lang=de">Deutsch</a></li> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-1"><a href="/1209160?lang=es">Espa帽ol</a></li> </ul> </div> <span class="ob-gray-separator">Portail de ressources électroniques en sciences humaines et sociales</span> <div class="ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-content-dropdown-nav-titles"> <a href="https://www.openedition.org" class="openedition-text">OpenEdition</a> </div> <span class="ob-gray-separator">Nos plateformes</span> <div class="ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-content-dropdown-nav-titles"> <a href="https://books.openedition.org" class="books-text">OpenEdition Books</a> <a href="https://journals.openedition.org" class="journals-text">OpenEdition Journals</a> <a href="https://hypotheses.org" class="hypotheses-text">Hypotheses</a> <a href="https://calenda.org" class="calenda-text">Calenda</a> </div><span class="ob-gray-separator">Bibliothèques et institutions</span><div class="ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-content-dropdown-nav-links"> <a href="https://www.openedition.org/14043">OpenEdition Freemium</a> </div> <span class="ob-gray-separator">Nos services</span> <div class="ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-content-dropdown-nav-links"> <a href="https://search.openedition.org">OpenEdition Search</a> <a href="https://newsletter.openedition.org">La lettre d'OpenEdition</a> </div> <span class="ob-gray-separator">Suivez-nous</span> <div class="ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-content-dropdown-nav-social"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/openedition" class="facebook" title="Facebook"> <i class="ob-icons ob-icons-facebook" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a> <a href="https://twitter.com/OpenEditionActu" class="twitter" title="Twitter"> <i class="ob-icons ob-icons-twitter" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a><a href="https://www.openedition.org/backend" class="rss" title="Rss"> <i class="ob-icons ob-icons-rss" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <svg aria-hidden="true" style="position: absolute; width: 0; height: 0; overflow: hidden;" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <defs> <symbol id="icon-logo_books" viewBox="0 0 125 32"> <title>OpenEdition Books</title> <path fill="#93117e" style="fill: var(--color15, #93117e)" d="M39.658 1.37c3.455 0 5.416 2.335 5.416 5.665s-1.899 5.728-5.416 5.728c-3.549 0-5.416-2.366-5.416-5.728 0.031-3.362 1.93-5.665 5.416-5.665zM39.658 11.051c2.272 0 3.082-1.992 3.082-3.984 0-1.93-0.903-3.922-3.082-3.922-2.21 0-3.082 1.992-3.082 3.922 0 1.961 0.84 3.984 3.082 3.984z"></path> <path fill="#93117e" style="fill: var(--color15, #93117e)" d="M46.91 4.451h2.023v1.152h0.031c0.467-0.778 1.276-1.339 2.521-1.339 2.49 0 3.424 1.992 3.424 4.233s-0.903 4.296-3.455 4.296c-0.903 0-1.65-0.218-2.397-1.121h-0.031v4.265h-2.117v-11.486zM49.027 8.498c0 1.152 0.467 2.646 1.868 2.646s1.774-1.525 1.774-2.646c0-1.090-0.374-2.584-1.743-2.584s-1.899 1.463-1.899 2.584z"></path> <path fill="#93117e" style="fill: var(--color15, #93117e)" d="M63.066 12.14c-0.778 0.436-1.65 0.654-2.802 0.654-2.677 0-4.265-1.556-4.265-4.233 0-2.366 1.245-4.296 3.767-4.296 3.019 0 3.86 2.054 3.86 4.918h-5.634c0.093 1.307 0.996 2.054 2.335 2.054 1.027 0 1.899-0.374 2.708-0.809v1.712zM61.665 7.72c-0.062-1.027-0.529-1.899-1.712-1.899s-1.774 0.809-1.868 1.899h3.58z"></path> <path fill="#93117e" style="fill: var(--color15, #93117e)" d="M65.339 4.451h1.992v1.121h0.031c0.654-0.934 1.556-1.307 2.677-1.307 1.93 0 2.77 1.37 2.77 3.206v5.136h-2.117v-4.358c0-0.996-0.031-2.335-1.37-2.335-1.525 0-1.868 1.65-1.868 2.708v3.984h-2.117v-8.156z"></path> <path fill="#93117e" style="fill: var(--color15, #93117e)" d="M75.175 1.556h6.506v1.743h-4.296v2.708h3.922v1.743h-3.922v3.113h4.327v1.743h-6.537z"></path> <path fill="#93117e" style="fill: var(--color15, #93117e)" d="M89.183 11.673h-0.031c-0.623 0.778-1.494 1.121-2.49 1.121-2.49 0-3.424-2.054-3.424-4.296s0.903-4.233 3.424-4.233c1.058 0 1.805 0.374 2.428 1.152h0.031v-4.669h2.117v11.86h-2.054v-0.934zM87.222 11.144c1.401 0 1.868-1.494 1.868-2.646s-0.529-2.584-1.899-2.584c-1.37 0-1.743 1.494-1.743 2.584 0 1.121 0.405 2.646 1.774 2.646z"></path> <path fill="#93117e" style="fill: var(--color15, #93117e)" d="M93.447 0.965h2.117v2.023h-2.117v-2.023zM93.447 4.451h2.117v8.125h-2.117v-8.124z"></path> <path fill="#93117e" style="fill: var(--color15, #93117e)" d="M98.49 6.008h-1.556v-1.556h1.556v-1.619l2.117-0.685v2.304h1.868v1.556h-1.868v3.798c0 0.685 0.187 1.339 0.996 1.339 0.374 0 0.747-0.093 0.965-0.218l0.062 1.681c-0.436 0.124-0.934 0.187-1.556 0.187-1.65 0-2.584-1.027-2.584-2.646v-4.14z"></path> <path fill="#93117e" style="fill: var(--color15, #93117e)" d="M104 0.965h2.117v2.023h-2.117v-2.023zM104 4.451h2.117v8.125h-2.117v-8.124z"></path> <path fill="#93117e" style="fill: var(--color15, #93117e)" d="M112.062 4.265c2.428 0 4.265 1.619 4.265 4.327 0 2.335-1.556 4.202-4.265 4.202-2.677 0-4.233-1.868-4.233-4.202-0.031-2.708 1.837-4.327 4.233-4.327zM112.062 11.144c1.619 0 2.054-1.463 2.054-2.802 0-1.245-0.654-2.428-2.054-2.428-1.37 0-2.023 1.214-2.023 2.428 0 1.339 0.405 2.802 2.023 2.802z"></path> <path fill="#93117e" style="fill: var(--color15, #93117e)" d="M117.977 4.451h1.992v1.121h0.031c0.654-0.934 1.556-1.307 2.677-1.307 1.93 0 2.77 1.37 2.77 3.206v5.136h-2.117v-4.358c0-0.996-0.031-2.335-1.37-2.335-1.525 0-1.868 1.65-1.868 2.708v3.984h-2.117v-8.156z"></path> <path fill="#b73288" style="fill: var(--color10, #b73288)" d="M16.093 32c5.323 0.156 10.459-2.926 12.7-8.124 0 0 0-0.031 0-0.031-7.035-0.374-12.607 6.973-12.7 8.156z"></path> <path fill="#b73288" style="fill: var(--color10, #b73288)" d="M0 20.389c5.323 0.062 10.335 3.331 12.358 8.623 0 0 0 0.031 0 0.031-7.035 0.093-12.14-6.039-12.358-8.654z"></path> <path fill="#b73288" style="fill: var(--color10, #b73288)" d="M14.163 17.307c-3.673-1.494-5.323-4.825-4.14-7.751 1.027-2.521 3.735-3.642 5.977-2.739 2.584 1.027 3.642 3.86 2.708 6.226-0.467 1.152-1.432 2.086-2.397 2.833 3.673 1.339 7.782 0.124 9.121-1.868 1.65-2.49-0.374-7.315-0.374-7.315-1.121-2.49-3.144-4.607-6.163-5.821-6.101-2.459-12.981 0.467-15.409 6.537-2.428 6.039 0.498 12.918 6.537 15.377 0.903 0.374 1.805 0.591 2.739 0.747l0.809 8.498h1.494l0.809-8.467c4.14-0.529 7.876-3.206 9.525-7.346 0 0 0 0 0-0.031-2.802 1.743-6.973 2.833-11.237 1.121z"></path> <path fill="#b73288" style="fill: var(--color10, #b73288)" d="M36.669 18.708c0-1.090-0.062-1.401-0.716-1.432l-0.467-0.031c-0.124-0.093-0.093-0.311 0-0.374 0.809-0.062 1.805-0.125 3.206-0.125 0.934 0 1.837 0.062 2.49 0.405 0.654 0.311 1.121 0.903 1.121 1.868 0 1.058-0.623 1.619-1.525 2.054 0 0.156 0.124 0.187 0.28 0.218 0.809 0.156 1.992 0.903 1.992 2.49 0 1.743-1.276 2.895-3.953 2.895-0.436 0-1.152-0.031-1.805-0.031s-1.152 0.031-1.712 0.031c-0.093-0.031-0.124-0.28-0.031-0.374l0.28-0.031c0.778-0.125 0.809-0.311 0.809-1.868v-5.697zM37.883 20.7c0 0.405 0 0.436 0.778 0.405 1.525-0.062 2.335-0.498 2.335-1.899 0-1.463-1.090-2.023-2.21-2.023-0.342 0-0.56 0.031-0.685 0.093-0.156 0.031-0.218 0.125-0.218 0.374v3.051zM37.883 24.156c0 0.529 0.031 1.307 0.311 1.619 0.28 0.342 0.716 0.405 1.183 0.405 1.339 0 2.335-0.591 2.335-2.086 0-1.183-0.591-2.553-2.957-2.553-0.809 0-0.872 0.093-0.872 0.374v2.241z"></path> <path fill="#b73288" style="fill: var(--color10, #b73288)" d="M50.521 23.626c0 1.868-1.276 3.206-3.144 3.206-1.712 0-3.051-1.214-3.051-3.082s1.432-3.237 3.175-3.237c1.65 0.031 3.019 1.276 3.019 3.113zM47.315 20.981c-0.996 0-1.712 0.934-1.712 2.584 0 1.37 0.623 2.833 1.93 2.833s1.712-1.37 1.712-2.521c-0.031-1.276-0.529-2.895-1.93-2.895z"></path> <path fill="#b73288" style="fill: var(--color10, #b73288)" d="M57.743 23.626c0 1.868-1.276 3.206-3.144 3.206-1.712 0-3.051-1.214-3.051-3.082s1.432-3.237 3.175-3.237c1.681 0.031 3.019 1.276 3.019 3.113zM54.537 20.981c-0.996 0-1.712 0.934-1.712 2.584 0 1.37 0.623 2.833 1.93 2.833s1.712-1.37 1.712-2.521c0-1.276-0.498-2.895-1.93-2.895z"></path> <path fill="#b73288" style="fill: var(--color10, #b73288)" d="M59.58 18.21c0-0.872 0-0.965-0.467-1.245l-0.156-0.093c-0.062-0.031-0.062-0.249 0-0.311 0.374-0.125 1.090-0.342 1.619-0.623 0.062 0 0.124 0.031 0.156 0.093 0 0.436-0.031 1.183-0.031 1.837v5.105c0 0.187 0 0.218 0.28 0.218 0.342 0 0.623-0.156 1.027-0.591l0.623-0.654c0.405-0.436 0.529-0.623 0.529-0.685s-0.062-0.125-0.342-0.156l-0.374-0.031c-0.124-0.031-0.124-0.342 0-0.374h0.342c0.654 0 1.525-0.031 2.366-0.125 0.093 0.031 0.124 0.311 0.031 0.374l-0.467 0.093c-0.311 0.062-0.56 0.218-0.934 0.529-0.591 0.467-1.090 0.996-1.37 1.245-0.187 0.156-0.187 0.249-0.093 0.342 0.249 0.342 0.498 0.623 0.996 1.183 0.591 0.654 1.089 1.245 1.401 1.525 0.218 0.187 0.498 0.28 0.778 0.342l0.218 0.031c0.093 0.062 0.093 0.342-0.031 0.374-0.436-0.031-0.934-0.031-1.432-0.031-0.591 0-1.121 0-1.556 0.031-0.124-0.062-0.124-0.311-0.031-0.374l0.28-0.031c0.218-0.031 0.374-0.062 0.374-0.156s-0.062-0.187-0.249-0.405l-1.588-1.837c-0.124-0.156-0.311-0.218-0.467-0.218-0.28 0-0.28 0.031-0.28 0.498v0.809c0 1.090 0.031 1.214 0.56 1.307l0.342 0.031c0.093 0.062 0.062 0.342-0.031 0.374-0.498-0.031-0.934-0.031-1.432-0.031-0.529 0-0.996 0-1.432 0.031-0.093-0.031-0.124-0.311 0-0.374l0.342-0.031c0.56-0.062 0.56-0.218 0.56-1.307v-6.693z"></path> <path fill="#b73288" style="fill: var(--color10, #b73288)" d="M69.541 20.794c0.124 0.342 0.249 0.809 0.249 1.214-0.062 0.093-0.28 0.125-0.374 0.031-0.249-0.654-0.716-1.090-1.307-1.090s-0.965 0.374-0.965 0.903c0 0.623 0.623 0.934 1.152 1.245 0.778 0.436 1.525 0.965 1.525 2.023 0 1.121-1.058 1.712-2.148 1.712-0.716 0-1.214-0.156-1.588-0.436-0.124-0.28-0.218-1.027-0.187-1.494 0.062-0.093 0.28-0.093 0.342 0 0.249 0.809 0.716 1.525 1.588 1.525 0.529 0 0.996-0.311 0.996-0.965 0-0.685-0.591-1.058-1.152-1.37-0.872-0.498-1.463-1.027-1.463-1.837 0-1.090 0.903-1.712 2.023-1.712 0.623 0 1.183 0.156 1.307 0.249z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-logo_calenda" viewBox="0 0 100 32"> <title>Calenda</title> <path fill="#fff" style="fill: var(--color1, #fff)" d="M42.903 19.856c-0.886 0.177-1.95 0.355-2.837 0.355-4.078 0-6.914-2.039-6.914-6.294 0-4.343 2.659-6.737 6.914-6.737 0.798 0 1.95 0.177 2.837 0.532l-0.177 2.127c-0.975-0.532-1.773-0.709-2.748-0.709-2.571 0-4.166 1.95-4.166 4.521s1.596 4.521 4.255 4.521c0.975 0 2.127-0.177 2.748-0.532l0.089 2.216z"></path> <path fill="#fff" style="fill: var(--color1, #fff)" d="M44.942 11.258c0.975-0.443 2.216-0.709 3.191-0.709 2.837 0 3.989 1.152 3.989 3.9v1.152c0 0.975 0 1.596 0 2.305s0.089 1.33 0.089 2.039h-2.127c-0.089-0.443-0.089-1.064-0.089-1.418v0c-0.532 1.064-1.773 1.596-2.837 1.596-1.596 0-3.28-0.975-3.28-2.748 0-1.418 0.709-2.216 1.596-2.659s2.127-0.532 3.102-0.532h1.33c0-1.507-0.709-2.039-2.127-2.039-1.064 0-2.039 0.355-2.837 0.975v-1.861zM47.778 18.526c0.709 0 1.33-0.355 1.684-0.798 0.355-0.532 0.532-1.152 0.532-1.95h-1.064c-1.064 0-2.659 0.177-2.659 1.596 0 0.798 0.709 1.152 1.507 1.152z"></path> <path fill="#fff" style="fill: var(--color1, #fff)" d="M54.604 6.56h2.393v13.474h-2.393v-13.474z"></path> <path fill="#fff" style="fill: var(--color1, #fff)" d="M67.014 19.501c-0.886 0.443-1.862 0.709-3.191 0.709-3.102 0-4.875-1.773-4.875-4.787 0-2.659 1.418-4.875 4.343-4.875 3.457 0 4.432 2.393 4.432 5.584h-6.382c0.089 1.507 1.152 2.305 2.659 2.305 1.152 0 2.216-0.443 3.103-0.975v2.039zM65.418 14.537c-0.089-1.152-0.621-2.216-1.95-2.216s-2.039 0.975-2.127 2.216h4.078z"></path> <path fill="#fff" style="fill: var(--color1, #fff)" d="M69.585 10.814h2.305v1.241c0.798-1.064 1.773-1.507 3.014-1.507 2.216 0 3.191 1.507 3.191 3.634v5.85h-2.393v-4.964c0-1.152 0-2.659-1.596-2.659-1.773 0-2.127 1.861-2.127 3.103v4.521h-2.393v-9.219z"></path> <path fill="#fff" style="fill: var(--color1, #fff)" d="M86.781 18.97v0c-0.798 0.886-1.773 1.241-2.837 1.241-2.837 0-3.9-2.305-3.9-4.875s1.064-4.787 3.9-4.787c1.241 0 2.039 0.443 2.748 1.33v0-5.319h2.393v13.474h-2.305v-1.064zM84.565 18.349c1.596 0 2.127-1.684 2.127-3.014s-0.621-2.925-2.127-2.925c-1.596 0-2.039 1.684-2.039 2.925 0 1.33 0.443 3.014 2.039 3.014z"></path> <path fill="#fff" style="fill: var(--color1, #fff)" d="M92.011 11.258c0.975-0.443 2.216-0.709 3.191-0.709 2.837 0 3.989 1.152 3.989 3.9v1.152c0 0.975 0 1.596 0 2.305s0.089 1.33 0.089 2.039h-2.127c-0.089-0.443-0.089-1.064-0.089-1.418v0c-0.532 1.064-1.773 1.596-2.837 1.596-1.596 0-3.28-0.975-3.28-2.748 0-1.418 0.709-2.216 1.596-2.659s2.127-0.532 3.103-0.532h1.33c0-1.507-0.709-2.039-2.127-2.039-1.064 0-2.039 0.355-2.837 0.975v-1.861zM94.848 18.526c0.709 0 1.33-0.355 1.684-0.798 0.355-0.532 0.532-1.152 0.532-1.95h-1.064c-1.064 0-2.659 0.177-2.659 1.596-0.089 0.798 0.621 1.152 1.507 1.152z"></path> <path fill="#6faa46" style="fill: var(--color16, #6faa46)" d="M42.903 19.856c-0.886 0.177-1.95 0.355-2.837 0.355-4.078 0-6.914-2.039-6.914-6.294 0-4.343 2.659-6.737 6.914-6.737 0.798 0 1.95 0.177 2.837 0.532l-0.177 2.127c-0.975-0.532-1.773-0.709-2.748-0.709-2.571 0-4.166 1.95-4.166 4.521s1.596 4.521 4.255 4.521c0.975 0 2.127-0.177 2.748-0.532l0.089 2.216z"></path> <path fill="#6faa46" style="fill: var(--color16, #6faa46)" d="M44.942 11.258c0.975-0.443 2.216-0.709 3.191-0.709 2.837 0 3.989 1.152 3.989 3.9v1.152c0 0.975 0 1.596 0 2.305s0.089 1.33 0.089 2.039h-2.127c-0.089-0.443-0.089-1.064-0.089-1.418v0c-0.532 1.064-1.773 1.596-2.837 1.596-1.596 0-3.28-0.975-3.28-2.748 0-1.418 0.709-2.216 1.596-2.659s2.127-0.532 3.102-0.532h1.33c0-1.507-0.709-2.039-2.127-2.039-1.064 0-2.039 0.355-2.837 0.975v-1.861zM47.778 18.526c0.709 0 1.33-0.355 1.684-0.798 0.355-0.532 0.532-1.152 0.532-1.95h-1.064c-1.064 0-2.659 0.177-2.659 1.596 0 0.798 0.709 1.152 1.507 1.152z"></path> <path fill="#6faa46" style="fill: var(--color16, #6faa46)" d="M54.604 6.56h2.393v13.474h-2.393v-13.474z"></path> <path fill="#6faa46" style="fill: var(--color16, #6faa46)" d="M67.014 19.501c-0.886 0.443-1.862 0.709-3.191 0.709-3.102 0-4.875-1.773-4.875-4.787 0-2.659 1.418-4.875 4.343-4.875 3.457 0 4.432 2.393 4.432 5.584h-6.382c0.089 1.507 1.152 2.305 2.659 2.305 1.152 0 2.216-0.443 3.103-0.975v2.039zM65.418 14.537c-0.089-1.152-0.621-2.216-1.95-2.216s-2.039 0.975-2.127 2.216h4.078z"></path> <path fill="#6faa46" style="fill: var(--color16, #6faa46)" d="M69.585 10.814h2.305v1.241c0.798-1.064 1.773-1.507 3.014-1.507 2.216 0 3.191 1.507 3.191 3.634v5.85h-2.393v-4.964c0-1.152 0-2.659-1.596-2.659-1.773 0-2.127 1.861-2.127 3.103v4.521h-2.393v-9.219z"></path> <path fill="#6faa46" style="fill: var(--color16, #6faa46)" d="M86.781 18.97v0c-0.798 0.886-1.773 1.241-2.837 1.241-2.837 0-3.9-2.305-3.9-4.875s1.064-4.787 3.9-4.787c1.241 0 2.039 0.443 2.748 1.33v0-5.319h2.393v13.474h-2.305v-1.064zM84.565 18.349c1.596 0 2.127-1.684 2.127-3.014s-0.621-2.925-2.127-2.925c-1.596 0-2.039 1.684-2.039 2.925 0 1.33 0.443 3.014 2.039 3.014z"></path> <path fill="#6faa46" style="fill: var(--color16, #6faa46)" d="M92.011 11.258c0.975-0.443 2.216-0.709 3.191-0.709 2.837 0 3.989 1.152 3.989 3.9v1.152c0 0.975 0 1.596 0 2.305s0.089 1.33 0.089 2.039h-2.127c-0.089-0.443-0.089-1.064-0.089-1.418v0c-0.532 1.064-1.773 1.596-2.837 1.596-1.596 0-3.28-0.975-3.28-2.748 0-1.418 0.709-2.216 1.596-2.659s2.127-0.532 3.103-0.532h1.33c0-1.507-0.709-2.039-2.127-2.039-1.064 0-2.039 0.355-2.837 0.975v-1.861zM94.848 18.526c0.709 0 1.33-0.355 1.684-0.798 0.355-0.532 0.532-1.152 0.532-1.95h-1.064c-1.064 0-2.659 0.177-2.659 1.596-0.089 0.798 0.621 1.152 1.507 1.152z"></path> <path fill="#8ebc23" style="fill: var(--color17, #8ebc23)" d="M16.044 32c5.319 0.177 10.46-2.925 12.676-8.066 0 0 0 0 0 0-7.003-0.443-12.499 6.825-12.676 8.066z"></path> <path fill="#8ebc23" style="fill: var(--color17, #8ebc23)" d="M0 20.388c5.319 0.089 10.371 3.28 12.321 8.598 0 0 0 0 0 0-7.003 0.089-12.055-6.028-12.321-8.598z"></path> <path fill="#8ebc23" style="fill: var(--color17, #8ebc23)" d="M14.183 17.285c-3.634-1.507-5.319-4.787-4.166-7.712 0.975-2.482 3.723-3.634 5.939-2.748 2.571 1.064 3.634 3.9 2.659 6.205-0.443 1.152-1.418 2.127-2.393 2.837 3.634 1.33 7.801 0.089 9.13-1.861 1.596-2.482-0.355-7.357-0.355-7.357-1.152-2.482-3.102-4.609-6.116-5.85-6.116-2.393-12.942 0.532-15.424 6.56-2.393 6.028 0.532 12.942 6.56 15.335 0.886 0.355 1.773 0.62 2.748 0.709l0.798 8.51h1.507l0.798-8.51c4.078-0.532 7.801-3.191 9.485-7.269 0 0 0 0 0 0-2.748 1.773-6.914 2.837-11.169 1.152z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-logo_hypothesesorg" viewBox="0 0 140 32"> <title>Hypoth猫ses</title> <path fill="#cc071e" style="fill: var(--color18, #cc071e)" d="M33.941 6.353h2.765v5.529h5.471v-5.529h2.765v13.706h-2.765v-6h-5.471v6h-2.765v-13.706z"></path> <path fill="#cc071e" style="fill: var(--color18, #cc071e)" d="M52.059 17.353v0l2.471-7.353h2.647l-3.765 10c-0.824 2.235-1.471 4.412-4.176 4.412-0.647 0-1.235-0.118-1.882-0.294l0.176-1.941c0.353 0.118 0.706 0.176 1.353 0.176 1.059 0 1.706-0.706 1.706-1.824l-3.882-10.588h2.882l2.471 7.412z"></path> <path fill="#cc071e" style="fill: var(--color18, #cc071e)" d="M58.765 9.941h2.529v1.412h0.059c0.588-1 1.588-1.647 3.118-1.647 3.118 0 4.235 2.471 4.235 5.235s-1.118 5.294-4.294 5.294c-1.118 0-2.059-0.294-2.941-1.412h-0.059v5.294h-2.647v-14.176zM61.412 15c0 1.412 0.588 3.294 2.294 3.294s2.235-1.882 2.235-3.294c0-1.353-0.471-3.235-2.176-3.235s-2.353 1.824-2.353 3.235z"></path> <path fill="#cc071e" style="fill: var(--color18, #cc071e)" d="M75.353 9.706c3 0 5.294 2 5.294 5.353 0 2.882-1.941 5.235-5.294 5.235s-5.294-2.294-5.294-5.235c0-3.294 2.294-5.353 5.294-5.353zM75.353 18.235c2 0 2.529-1.824 2.529-3.471 0-1.529-0.824-3-2.529-3s-2.529 1.471-2.529 3c0 1.647 0.529 3.471 2.529 3.471z"></path> <path fill="#cc071e" style="fill: var(--color18, #cc071e)" d="M83.588 11.882h-1.941v-1.941h1.941v-2l2.647-0.824v2.882h2.353v1.941h-2.353v4.706c0 0.882 0.235 1.647 1.235 1.647 0.471 0 0.941-0.118 1.176-0.294l0.059 2.059c-0.529 0.176-1.176 0.235-1.941 0.235-2.059 0-3.176-1.294-3.176-3.294v-5.118z"></path> <path fill="#cc071e" style="fill: var(--color18, #cc071e)" d="M90.353 5.353h2.647v6h0.059c0.647-1 1.824-1.588 3.176-1.588 2.412 0 3.412 1.706 3.412 3.941v6.353h-2.647v-5.412c0-1.235 0-2.882-1.706-2.882-1.882 0-2.294 2.059-2.294 3.353v4.941h-2.647v-14.706z"></path> <path fill="#cc071e" style="fill: var(--color18, #cc071e)" d="M110.412 19.471c-0.941 0.529-2.059 0.824-3.471 0.824-3.353 0-5.294-1.941-5.294-5.235 0-2.941 1.529-5.353 4.706-5.353 3.765 0 4.824 2.588 4.824 6.118h-7c0.118 1.647 1.235 2.529 2.882 2.529 1.294 0 2.353-0.471 3.353-1v2.118zM108.647 14c-0.059-1.294-0.647-2.353-2.118-2.353s-2.235 1-2.353 2.353h4.471z"></path> <path fill="#cc071e" style="fill: var(--color18, #cc071e)" d="M119.176 12.059c-0.824-0.294-1.412-0.412-2.353-0.412-0.706 0-1.529 0.235-1.529 1.118 0 1.588 4.588 0.588 4.588 4.235 0 2.353-2.118 3.294-4.235 3.294-1 0-2-0.176-3-0.412l0.176-2.176c0.824 0.412 1.706 0.647 2.588 0.647 0.647 0 1.706-0.235 1.706-1.235 0-2-4.588-0.647-4.588-4.294 0-2.176 1.882-3.118 3.941-3.118 1.235 0 2.059 0.176 2.882 0.353l-0.176 2z"></path> <path fill="#cc071e" style="fill: var(--color18, #cc071e)" d="M130 19.471c-0.941 0.529-2.059 0.824-3.471 0.824-3.353 0-5.294-1.941-5.294-5.235 0-2.941 1.529-5.353 4.706-5.353 3.765 0 4.824 2.588 4.824 6.118h-7c0.118 1.647 1.235 2.529 2.882 2.529 1.294 0 2.353-0.471 3.353-1v2.118zM128.235 14c-0.059-1.294-0.647-2.353-2.118-2.353s-2.235 1-2.353 2.353h4.471z"></path> <path fill="#cc071e" style="fill: var(--color18, #cc071e)" d="M138.824 12.059c-0.824-0.294-1.412-0.412-2.353-0.412-0.706 0-1.529 0.235-1.529 1.118 0 1.588 4.588 0.588 4.588 4.235 0 2.353-2.118 3.294-4.235 3.294-1 0-2-0.176-3-0.412l0.176-2.176c0.824 0.412 1.706 0.647 2.588 0.647 0.647 0 1.706-0.235 1.706-1.235 0-2-4.588-0.647-4.588-4.294 0-2.176 1.882-3.118 3.941-3.118 1.235 0 2.059 0.176 2.882 0.353l-0.176 2z"></path> <path fill="#ec5a4f" style="fill: var(--color19, #ec5a4f)" d="M16.059 32c5.353 0.176 10.471-2.882 12.706-8.118 0 0 0 0 0 0-7.059-0.412-12.588 6.882-12.706 8.118z"></path> <path fill="#ec5a4f" style="fill: var(--color19, #ec5a4f)" d="M0 20.353c5.353 0.059 10.353 3.294 12.353 8.588 0 0 0 0 0 0-7.059 0.176-12.118-5.941-12.353-8.588z"></path> <path fill="#ec5a4f" style="fill: var(--color19, #ec5a4f)" d="M14.176 17.294c-3.647-1.471-5.353-4.824-4.176-7.765 1-2.529 3.706-3.647 5.941-2.706 2.588 1.059 3.647 3.882 2.706 6.235-0.471 1.176-1.412 2.059-2.412 2.824 3.647 1.353 7.765 0.118 9.118-1.882 1.647-2.471-0.353-7.294-0.353-7.294-1.118-2.529-3.118-4.647-6.176-5.824-6.059-2.412-12.941 0.471-15.353 6.529-2.412 6 0.529 12.882 6.529 15.353 0.882 0.353 1.824 0.588 2.706 0.765l0.824 8.471h1.529l0.824-8.471c4.118-0.529 7.824-3.176 9.529-7.294 0 0 0 0 0 0-2.824 1.706-7 2.765-11.235 1.059z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-logo_wwwrevuesorg" viewBox="0 0 125 32"> <title>OpenEdition Journals</title> <path fill="#0089b5" style="fill: var(--color20, #0089b5)" d="M39.669 1.41c3.438 0 5.377 2.292 5.377 5.642s-1.939 5.73-5.377 5.73c-3.526 0-5.377-2.38-5.377-5.73s1.851-5.642 5.377-5.642zM39.669 11.019c2.292 0 3.085-2.028 3.085-3.967s-0.882-3.967-3.085-3.967c-2.204 0-3.085 2.028-3.085 3.967 0 2.028 0.793 3.967 3.085 3.967z"></path> <path fill="#0089b5" style="fill: var(--color20, #0089b5)" d="M46.898 4.496h2.028v1.146c0.441-0.793 1.322-1.322 2.556-1.322 2.468 0 3.438 2.028 3.438 4.231s-0.882 4.231-3.438 4.231c-0.882 0-1.675-0.176-2.38-1.146v0 4.231h-2.116v-11.372zM49.014 8.551c0 1.146 0.441 2.645 1.851 2.645s1.763-1.499 1.763-2.645c0-1.058-0.353-2.556-1.763-2.556-1.322-0.088-1.851 1.41-1.851 2.556z"></path> <path fill="#0089b5" style="fill: var(--color20, #0089b5)" d="M63.030 12.165c-0.793 0.441-1.675 0.617-2.821 0.617-2.645 0-4.231-1.587-4.231-4.231 0-2.38 1.234-4.32 3.791-4.32 2.997 0 3.879 2.028 3.879 4.937h-5.642c0.088 1.322 0.97 2.028 2.292 2.028 1.058 0 1.939-0.353 2.733-0.793v1.763zM61.62 7.758c-0.088-1.058-0.529-1.939-1.675-1.939s-1.763 0.793-1.851 1.939h3.526z"></path> <path fill="#0089b5" style="fill: var(--color20, #0089b5)" d="M65.234 4.496h2.028v1.146c0.705-0.97 1.587-1.322 2.645-1.322 1.939 0 2.733 1.322 2.733 3.174v5.113h-2.116v-4.32c0-0.97 0-2.292-1.41-2.292-1.499 0-1.851 1.675-1.851 2.733v3.967h-2.028v-8.198z"></path> <path fill="#0089b5" style="fill: var(--color20, #0089b5)" d="M75.107 1.587h6.523v1.763h-4.32v2.645h3.879v1.763h-3.879v3.085h4.32v1.763h-6.523z"></path> <path fill="#0089b5" style="fill: var(--color20, #0089b5)" d="M89.124 11.636v0c-0.705 0.793-1.499 1.146-2.556 1.146-2.468 0-3.438-2.028-3.438-4.231s0.882-4.231 3.438-4.231c1.058 0 1.763 0.353 2.468 1.146v0-4.672h2.116v11.813h-2.028v-0.97zM87.185 11.107c1.41 0 1.851-1.499 1.851-2.645s-0.529-2.556-1.851-2.556c-1.41 0-1.763 1.499-1.763 2.556-0.088 1.146 0.353 2.645 1.763 2.645z"></path> <path fill="#0089b5" style="fill: var(--color20, #0089b5)" d="M93.355 0.97h2.116v2.028h-2.116v-2.028zM93.355 4.496h2.116v8.11h-2.116v-8.11z"></path> <path fill="#0089b5" style="fill: var(--color20, #0089b5)" d="M98.38 5.995h-1.587v-1.499h1.587v-1.675l2.116-0.705v2.292h1.851v1.587h-1.851v3.791c0 0.705 0.176 1.322 0.97 1.322 0.353 0 0.705-0.088 0.97-0.176l0.088 1.675c-0.441 0.088-0.97 0.176-1.587 0.176-1.675 0-2.556-1.058-2.556-2.645v-4.143z"></path> <path fill="#0089b5" style="fill: var(--color20, #0089b5)" d="M103.846 0.97h2.116v2.028h-2.116v-2.028zM103.846 4.496h2.116v8.11h-2.116v-8.11z"></path> <path fill="#0089b5" style="fill: var(--color20, #0089b5)" d="M111.956 4.32c2.38 0 4.231 1.587 4.231 4.32 0 2.292-1.587 4.231-4.231 4.231s-4.231-1.851-4.231-4.231c0-2.733 1.851-4.32 4.231-4.32zM111.956 11.107c1.587 0 2.028-1.41 2.028-2.821 0-1.234-0.705-2.38-2.028-2.38-1.41 0-2.028 1.234-2.028 2.38 0 1.41 0.353 2.821 2.028 2.821z"></path> <path fill="#0089b5" style="fill: var(--color20, #0089b5)" d="M117.862 4.496h2.028v1.146c0.705-0.97 1.587-1.322 2.645-1.322 1.939 0 2.733 1.322 2.733 3.174v5.113h-2.116v-4.32c0-0.97 0-2.292-1.41-2.292-1.499 0-1.851 1.675-1.851 2.733v3.967h-2.116v-8.198z"></path> <path fill="#0ab7d9" style="fill: var(--color21, #0ab7d9)" d="M16.044 32c5.377 0.176 10.49-2.909 12.694-8.11 0 0 0 0 0 0-6.964-0.441-12.518 6.964-12.694 8.11z"></path> <path fill="#0ab7d9" style="fill: var(--color21, #0ab7d9)" d="M0 20.364c5.377 0.088 10.314 3.35 12.342 8.639 0 0 0 0 0 0-7.052 0.088-12.077-5.995-12.342-8.639z"></path> <path fill="#0ab7d9" style="fill: var(--color21, #0ab7d9)" d="M14.193 17.278c-3.702-1.499-5.377-4.848-4.143-7.758 1.058-2.556 3.702-3.614 5.995-2.733 2.556 1.058 3.614 3.879 2.733 6.259-0.441 1.146-1.41 2.116-2.38 2.821 3.702 1.322 7.758 0.088 9.080-1.851 1.675-2.468-0.353-7.317-0.353-7.317-1.146-2.468-3.174-4.584-6.171-5.818-6.171-2.468-13.047 0.441-15.427 6.523-2.468 6.083 0.529 12.959 6.523 15.339 0.882 0.353 1.851 0.617 2.733 0.705l0.793 8.551h1.499l0.793-8.463c4.143-0.529 7.846-3.174 9.521-7.317 0 0 0 0 0 0-2.821 1.675-6.964 2.821-11.196 1.058z"></path> <path fill="#0ab7d9" style="fill: var(--color21, #0ab7d9)" d="M36.849 18.953c0-1.675-0.176-1.851-1.058-1.851h-0.353c-0.088-0.088-0.088-0.353 0-0.353 0.882 0 1.322 0.088 1.939 0.088s1.058 0 1.675-0.088c0.088 0.088 0.088 0.353 0 0.353h-0.264c-0.882 0.088-0.882 0.353-0.882 1.851v5.466c0 1.146-0.088 2.204-0.353 2.821-0.529 1.146-1.499 2.116-2.909 2.116-0.176 0-0.617 0-0.617-0.264s0.176-0.705 0.529-0.705c0.176 0 0.353 0 0.529 0.088s0.441 0.088 0.617 0.088c0.353 0 0.529-0.176 0.617-0.353 0.353-0.705 0.353-2.909 0.353-3.702v-5.554z"></path> <path fill="#0ab7d9" style="fill: var(--color21, #0ab7d9)" d="M46.017 23.449c0 1.851-1.234 3.174-3.085 3.174-1.675 0-2.997-1.146-2.997-2.997s1.41-3.174 3.174-3.174c1.587-0.088 2.909 1.146 2.909 2.997zM42.843 20.804c-0.97 0-1.675 0.97-1.675 2.556 0 1.322 0.617 2.821 1.939 2.821s1.675-1.322 1.675-2.468c0-1.322-0.529-2.909-1.939-2.909z"></path> <path fill="#0ab7d9" style="fill: var(--color21, #0ab7d9)" d="M48.837 24.242c0 1.058 0.264 1.675 1.41 1.675 0.441 0 0.882-0.176 1.234-0.441 0.176-0.176 0.264-0.353 0.264-0.882v-2.38c0-0.97-0.088-0.97-0.529-1.146l-0.176-0.088c-0.088-0.088-0.088-0.264 0-0.353 0.617 0 1.41-0.088 1.763-0.264 0.088 0 0.088 0.088 0.176 0.088 0 0.264-0.088 0.705-0.088 1.322v2.468c0 1.146 0.088 1.587 0.441 1.587 0.176 0 0.353 0 0.617-0.088 0.088 0.088 0.088 0.353 0 0.441-0.529 0.088-1.41 0.264-1.939 0.529-0.088 0-0.176 0-0.176-0.088v-0.617c0-0.176-0.088-0.176-0.088-0.176-0.441 0.264-1.146 0.793-2.028 0.793-1.322 0-1.763-0.617-1.763-1.851v-2.468c0-0.882 0-1.058-0.441-1.234l-0.176-0.088c-0.088-0.088-0.088-0.264 0-0.353 0.705 0 1.234-0.176 1.587-0.264 0.088 0 0.088 0.088 0.176 0.088 0 0.264-0.088 0.529-0.088 1.322v2.468z"></path> <path fill="#0ab7d9" style="fill: var(--color21, #0ab7d9)" d="M55.537 22.127c0-0.529 0-0.617-0.441-0.882l-0.088-0.088c-0.088-0.088-0.088-0.264 0-0.264 0.353-0.088 1.146-0.529 1.499-0.705 0.088 0 0.088 0.088 0.088 0.088v0.882c0 0.088 0 0.088 0.088 0.176 0.529-0.441 1.058-0.882 1.587-0.882 0.353 0 0.705 0.264 0.705 0.617 0 0.529-0.353 0.705-0.617 0.705-0.176 0-0.176 0-0.353-0.088-0.176-0.176-0.441-0.264-0.617-0.264-0.264 0-0.441 0.176-0.529 0.264-0.176 0.176-0.176 0.617-0.176 1.146v2.028c0 1.058 0 1.234 0.617 1.322l0.529 0.088c0.088 0.088 0.088 0.353 0 0.353-0.705 0-1.146 0-1.675 0s-0.97 0-1.322 0c-0.088 0-0.088-0.264 0-0.353l0.264-0.088c0.529-0.088 0.529-0.176 0.529-1.322v-2.733z"></path> <path fill="#0ab7d9" style="fill: var(--color21, #0ab7d9)" d="M60.386 22.127c0-0.529 0-0.617-0.441-0.882l-0.088-0.088c-0.088-0.088-0.088-0.264 0-0.264 0.353-0.088 1.146-0.529 1.499-0.705 0.088 0 0.088 0 0.176 0.088 0 0.353 0 0.529 0 0.705 0 0.088 0.088 0.176 0.176 0.176 0.617-0.353 1.322-0.793 2.028-0.793 1.234 0 1.763 0.882 1.763 1.851v2.556c0 1.058 0 1.234 0.529 1.322l0.353 0.088c0.088 0.088 0.088 0.353 0 0.353-0.441 0-0.882 0-1.41 0s-0.97 0-1.41 0c-0.088 0-0.176-0.264 0-0.353l0.264-0.088c0.529-0.088 0.529-0.176 0.529-1.322v-2.204c0-0.882-0.353-1.499-1.41-1.499-0.529 0-1.058 0.264-1.234 0.529s-0.264 0.441-0.264 0.882v2.292c0 1.058 0 1.234 0.529 1.322l0.264 0.088c0.088 0.088 0.088 0.353 0 0.353-0.353 0-0.793 0-1.322 0s-0.97 0-1.41 0c-0.088 0-0.176-0.264 0-0.353l0.353-0.088c0.529-0.088 0.529-0.176 0.529-1.322v-2.645z"></path> <path fill="#0ab7d9" style="fill: var(--color21, #0ab7d9)" d="M70.171 23.361c0.176-0.088 0.264-0.176 0.264-0.441v-0.705c0-0.529-0.176-1.322-1.058-1.322-0.441 0-0.882 0.176-0.97 0.705 0 0.264 0 0.441-0.176 0.529-0.176 0.176-0.617 0.264-0.793 0.264s-0.176-0.088-0.176-0.176c0-0.793 1.675-1.851 2.733-1.851s1.587 0.617 1.499 1.763l-0.088 2.556c0 0.705 0.088 1.322 0.705 1.322 0.176 0 0.264 0 0.353-0.088 0.088 0 0.176-0.088 0.176-0.088 0.088 0 0.088 0.088 0.088 0.176s-0.529 0.617-1.234 0.617c-0.353 0-0.705-0.088-0.97-0.441-0.088-0.088-0.176-0.176-0.264-0.176s-0.264 0.176-0.529 0.264c-0.353 0.176-0.617 0.353-1.058 0.353s-0.793-0.088-1.058-0.353c-0.264-0.264-0.441-0.617-0.441-1.058 0-0.529 0.264-0.882 1.234-1.234l1.763-0.617zM69.201 25.917c0.264 0 0.793-0.176 0.882-0.353 0.176-0.176 0.176-0.353 0.176-0.705v-0.882c0-0.176-0.088-0.176-0.176-0.176s-0.353 0.088-0.617 0.176c-0.882 0.264-1.322 0.529-1.322 1.058 0.176 0.264 0.353 0.882 1.058 0.882z"></path> <path fill="#0ab7d9" style="fill: var(--color21, #0ab7d9)" d="M74.931 24.771c0 1.058 0 1.234 0.529 1.322l0.353 0.088c0.088 0.088 0.088 0.353 0 0.353-0.441 0-0.882 0-1.41 0s-0.97 0-1.41 0c-0.088 0-0.088-0.264 0-0.353l0.353-0.088c0.529-0.088 0.529-0.176 0.529-1.322v-6.612c0-0.882 0-0.97-0.441-1.234l-0.176-0.176c-0.088-0.088-0.088-0.264 0-0.264 0.353-0.088 1.058-0.353 1.587-0.617 0.088 0 0.088 0 0.176 0.088 0 0.441 0 1.146 0 1.851v6.964z"></path> <path fill="#0ab7d9" style="fill: var(--color21, #0ab7d9)" d="M80.22 20.628c0.176 0.353 0.264 0.793 0.264 1.234-0.088 0.088-0.264 0.088-0.353 0-0.264-0.617-0.705-1.058-1.322-1.058s-0.97 0.353-0.97 0.882c0 0.617 0.617 0.97 1.146 1.234 0.793 0.441 1.499 0.97 1.499 2.028 0 1.146-1.058 1.675-2.116 1.675-0.705 0-1.234-0.176-1.587-0.441-0.088-0.353-0.176-1.058-0.088-1.499 0.088-0.088 0.264-0.088 0.353 0 0.264 0.793 0.705 1.499 1.587 1.499 0.529 0 0.97-0.353 0.97-0.97 0-0.705-0.617-1.058-1.146-1.322-0.882-0.441-1.499-0.97-1.499-1.851 0-1.058 0.882-1.675 2.028-1.675 0.617 0 1.146 0.176 1.234 0.264z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-logo_wwwopeneditionorg" viewBox="0 0 152.7 34.8"> <title>OpenEdition</title> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M42.4,8.4c4.4,0,6.9,3,6.9,7.3s-2.5,7.4-6.9,7.4-6.9-3-6.9-7.4S37.9,8.4,42.4,8.4Zm0,12.4c2.9,0,4-2.6,4-5.1s-1.2-5.1-4-5.1-4,2.6-4,5.1S39.5,20.8,42.4,20.8Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M51.7,12.3h2.6v1.5h0a3.47,3.47,0,0,1,3.2-1.7c3.2,0,4.4,2.6,4.4,5.4S60.7,23,57.5,23a3.75,3.75,0,0,1-3.1-1.4h0V27H51.7Zm2.7,5.2c0,1.5.6,3.4,2.4,3.4s2.3-1.9,2.3-3.4-.5-3.3-2.3-3.3S54.4,16.1,54.4,17.5Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M72.5,22.2a7.67,7.67,0,0,1-3.6.8c-3.5,0-5.5-2-5.5-5.4,0-3,1.6-5.5,4.9-5.5,3.9,0,5,2.7,5,6.3H66A2.69,2.69,0,0,0,69,21a6.9,6.9,0,0,0,3.5-1.1Zm-1.8-5.7c-.1-1.3-.7-2.5-2.2-2.5a2.39,2.39,0,0,0-2.4,2.5Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M75.4,12.3H78v1.4h0A4,4,0,0,1,81.4,12c2.5,0,3.6,1.7,3.6,4.1v6.6H82.3V17.1c0-1.3,0-3-1.8-3-2,0-2.4,2.1-2.4,3.5v5.1H75.4Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M88,8.6h8.4v2.2H90.9v3.5H96v2.2H90.9v4h5.6v2.2H88Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M106,21.6h0a4.12,4.12,0,0,1-3.2,1.4c-3.2,0-4.4-2.6-4.4-5.5s1.2-5.4,4.4-5.4a3.62,3.62,0,0,1,3.1,1.5h0v-6h2.7V22.8H106Zm-2.4-.7c1.8,0,2.4-1.9,2.4-3.4s-.7-3.3-2.4-3.3-2.3,1.9-2.3,3.3S101.8,20.9,103.6,20.9Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M111.6,7.8h2.7v2.6h-2.7Zm0,4.5h2.7V22.8h-2.7Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M118,14.3h-2v-2h2V10.2l2.7-.9v3h2.4v2h-2.4v4.9c0,.9.2,1.7,1.3,1.7a1.92,1.92,0,0,0,1.2-.3l.1,2.2a6.17,6.17,0,0,1-2,.2,3.08,3.08,0,0,1-3.3-3.4Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M125.1,7.8h2.7v2.6h-2.7Zm0,4.5h2.7V22.8h-2.7Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M135.5,12.1a5.25,5.25,0,0,1,5.5,5.5,5.5,5.5,0,0,1-11,0A5.25,5.25,0,0,1,135.5,12.1Zm0,8.8c2.1,0,2.6-1.9,2.6-3.6s-.9-3.1-2.6-3.1-2.6,1.5-2.6,3.1S133.4,20.9,135.5,20.9Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M143.1,12.3h2.6v1.4h0a4,4,0,0,1,3.4-1.7c2.5,0,3.6,1.7,3.6,4.1v6.6H150V17.1c0-1.3,0-3-1.8-3-2,0-2.4,2.1-2.4,3.5v5.1h-2.7Z"/> <path fill="#f74a00" style="fill: var(--color22, #f74a00)" d="M42.4,8.4c4.4,0,6.9,3,6.9,7.3s-2.5,7.4-6.9,7.4-6.9-3-6.9-7.4S37.9,8.4,42.4,8.4Zm0,12.4c2.9,0,4-2.6,4-5.1s-1.2-5.1-4-5.1-4,2.6-4,5.1S39.5,20.8,42.4,20.8Z"/> <path fill="#f74a00" style="fill: var(--color22, #f74a00)" d="M51.7,12.3h2.6v1.5h0a3.47,3.47,0,0,1,3.2-1.7c3.2,0,4.4,2.6,4.4,5.4S60.7,23,57.5,23a3.75,3.75,0,0,1-3.1-1.4h0V27H51.7Zm2.7,5.2c0,1.5.6,3.4,2.4,3.4s2.3-1.9,2.3-3.4-.5-3.3-2.3-3.3S54.4,16.1,54.4,17.5Z"/> <path fill="#f74a00" style="fill: var(--color22, #f74a00)" d="M72.5,22.2a7.67,7.67,0,0,1-3.6.8c-3.5,0-5.5-2-5.5-5.4,0-3,1.6-5.5,4.9-5.5,3.9,0,5,2.7,5,6.3H66A2.69,2.69,0,0,0,69,21a6.9,6.9,0,0,0,3.5-1.1Zm-1.8-5.7c-.1-1.3-.7-2.5-2.2-2.5a2.39,2.39,0,0,0-2.4,2.5Z"/> <path fill="#f74a00" style="fill: var(--color22, #f74a00)" d="M75.4,12.3H78v1.4h0A4,4,0,0,1,81.4,12c2.5,0,3.6,1.7,3.6,4.1v6.6H82.3V17.1c0-1.3,0-3-1.8-3-2,0-2.4,2.1-2.4,3.5v5.1H75.4Z"/> <path fill="#f74a00" style="fill: var(--color22, #f74a00)" d="M88,8.6h8.4v2.2H90.9v3.5H96v2.2H90.9v4h5.6v2.2H88Z"/> <path fill="#f74a00" style="fill: var(--color22, #f74a00)" d="M106,21.6h0a4.12,4.12,0,0,1-3.2,1.4c-3.2,0-4.4-2.6-4.4-5.5s1.2-5.4,4.4-5.4a3.62,3.62,0,0,1,3.1,1.5h0v-6h2.7V22.8H106Zm-2.4-.7c1.8,0,2.4-1.9,2.4-3.4s-.7-3.3-2.4-3.3-2.3,1.9-2.3,3.3S101.8,20.9,103.6,20.9Z"/> <path fill="#f74a00" style="fill: var(--color22, #f74a00)" d="M111.6,7.8h2.7v2.6h-2.7Zm0,4.5h2.7V22.8h-2.7Z"/> <path fill="#f74a00" style="fill: var(--color22, #f74a00)" d="M118,14.3h-2v-2h2V10.2l2.7-.9v3h2.4v2h-2.4v4.9c0,.9.2,1.7,1.3,1.7a1.92,1.92,0,0,0,1.2-.3l.1,2.2a6.17,6.17,0,0,1-2,.2,3.08,3.08,0,0,1-3.3-3.4Z"/> <path fill="#f74a00" style="fill: var(--color22, #f74a00)" d="M125.1,7.8h2.7v2.6h-2.7Zm0,4.5h2.7V22.8h-2.7Z"/> <path fill="#f74a00" style="fill: var(--color22, #f74a00)" d="M135.5,12.1a5.25,5.25,0,0,1,5.5,5.5,5.5,5.5,0,0,1-11,0A5.25,5.25,0,0,1,135.5,12.1Zm0,8.8c2.1,0,2.6-1.9,2.6-3.6s-.9-3.1-2.6-3.1-2.6,1.5-2.6,3.1S133.4,20.9,135.5,20.9Z"/> <path fill="#f74a00" style="fill: var(--color22, #f74a00)" d="M143.1,12.3h2.6v1.4h0a4,4,0,0,1,3.4-1.7c2.5,0,3.6,1.7,3.6,4.1v6.6H150V17.1c0-1.3,0-3-1.8-3-2,0-2.4,2.1-2.4,3.5v5.1h-2.7Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M17.5,34.8A14.55,14.55,0,0,0,31.3,26h0C23.6,25.5,17.6,33.5,17.5,34.8Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M0,22.2a14.52,14.52,0,0,1,13.4,9.4h0C5.8,31.7.2,25,0,22.2Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M15.4,18.8c-4-1.6-5.8-5.2-4.5-8.4a5.07,5.07,0,1,1,9.4,3.8,8.64,8.64,0,0,1-2.6,3.1c4,1.4,8.5.1,9.9-2,1.8-2.7-.4-8-.4-8A11.91,11.91,0,0,0,20.5,1a12.79,12.79,0,1,0-9.6,23.7,11.14,11.14,0,0,0,3,.8l.9,9.2h1.6l.9-9.2a12.93,12.93,0,0,0,10.3-7.9h0A13.39,13.39,0,0,1,15.4,18.8Z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-logo_search" viewBox="0 0 247 68"> <title>OpenEdition Search</title> <path fill="#F74A00" style="fill: var(--color13, #F74A00)" d="M80.3,6.6c6.5,0,10.1,4.4,10.1,10.6S86.9,28,80.3,28c-6.6,0-10.1-4.4-10.1-10.7C70.2,10.9,73.8,6.6,80.3,6.6z M80.3,24.7c4.2,0,5.8-3.8,5.8-7.5c0-3.6-1.7-7.4-5.8-7.4c-4.1,0-5.8,3.7-5.8,7.4C74.5,20.9,76.1,24.7,80.3,24.7z"/> <path fill="#F74A00" style="fill: var(--color13, #F74A00)" d="M93.9,12.4h3.8v2.2h0.1c0.9-1.5,2.4-2.5,4.7-2.5c4.7,0,6.4,3.7,6.4,7.9c0,4.2-1.7,8-6.5,8c-1.7,0-3.1-0.4-4.5-2.1h-0.1v8h-4V12.4z M97.9,19.9c0,2.2,0.9,4.9,3.5,4.9c2.6,0,3.3-2.8,3.3-4.9c0-2-0.7-4.9-3.3-4.9C98.9,15.1,97.9,17.8,97.9,19.9z"/> <path fill="#F74A00" style="fill: var(--color13, #F74A00)" d="M124.2,26.7c-1.4,0.8-3.1,1.2-5.2,1.2c-5,0-8-2.9-8-7.9c0-4.4,2.3-8,7.1-8c5.7,0,7.2,3.9,7.2,9.2h-10.5c0.2,2.5,1.9,3.8,4.3,3.8c1.9,0,3.6-0.7,5.1-1.5V26.7z M121.5,18.5c-0.1-1.9-1-3.6-3.2-3.6c-2.2,0-3.3,1.5-3.5,3.6H121.5z"/> <path fill="#F74A00" style="fill: var(--color13, #F74A00)" d="M128.4,12.4h3.8v2.1h0.1c1.2-1.7,2.9-2.4,5-2.4c3.6,0,5.2,2.5,5.2,6v9.6h-4v-8.1c0-1.9,0-4.4-2.6-4.4c-2.9,0-3.5,3.1-3.5,5.1v7.5h-4V12.4z"/> <path fill="#F74A00" style="fill: var(--color13, #F74A00)" d="M146.8,7H159v3.3h-8v5.1h7.4v3.3H151v5.8h8.1v3.3h-12.2V7z"/> <path fill="#F74A00" style="fill: var(--color13, #F74A00)" d="M173.1,25.9L173.1,25.9c-1.2,1.5-2.9,2.1-4.7,2.1c-4.7,0-6.4-3.8-6.4-8c0-4.2,1.7-7.9,6.4-7.9c2,0,3.4,0.7,4.6,2.1h0.1V5.4h4v22.2h-3.8V25.9z M169.4,24.9c2.6,0,3.5-2.8,3.5-4.9c0-2.1-1-4.9-3.6-4.9c-2.6,0-3.3,2.8-3.3,4.9C166.1,22,166.8,24.9,169.4,24.9z"/> <path fill="#F74A00" style="fill: var(--color13, #F74A00)" d="M181.1,5.8h4v3.8h-4V5.8z M181.1,12.4h4v15.2h-4V12.4z"/> <path fill="#F74A00" style="fill: var(--color13, #F74A00)" d="M190.5,15.3h-2.9v-2.9h2.9v-3l4-1.3v4.3h3.5v2.9h-3.5v7.1c0,1.3,0.4,2.5,1.9,2.5c0.7,0,1.4-0.1,1.8-0.4l0.1,3.1c-0.8,0.2-1.7,0.4-2.9,0.4c-3.1,0-4.8-1.9-4.8-4.9V15.3z"/> <path fill="#F74A00" style="fill: var(--color13, #F74A00)" d="M200.8,5.8h4v3.8h-4V5.8z M200.8,12.4h4v15.2h-4V12.4z"/> <path fill="#F74A00" style="fill: var(--color13, #F74A00)" d="M215.9,12c4.5,0,8,3,8,8.1c0,4.4-2.9,7.9-8,7.9c-5,0-8-3.5-8-7.9C208,15.1,211.4,12,215.9,12z M215.9,24.9c3,0,3.8-2.7,3.8-5.3c0-2.3-1.2-4.5-3.8-4.5c-2.6,0-3.8,2.2-3.8,4.5C212.1,22.1,212.9,24.9,215.9,24.9z"/> <path fill="#F74A00" style="fill: var(--color13, #F74A00)" d="M227,12.4h3.8v2.1h0.1c1.2-1.7,2.9-2.4,5-2.4c3.6,0,5.2,2.5,5.2,6v9.6h-4v-8.1c0-1.9,0-4.4-2.6-4.4c-2.9,0-3.5,3.1-3.5,5.1v7.5h-4V12.4z"/> <path fill="#FC7C00" style="fill: var(--color14, #FC7C00)" d="M36.1,64c10,0.3,19.6-5.5,23.8-15.2c0,0,0,0,0-0.1C46.8,48,36.4,61.7,36.1,64z"/> <path fill="#FC7C00" style="fill: var(--color14, #FC7C00)" d="M6,42.2c10,0.1,19.4,6.2,23.2,16.2c0,0,0,0,0,0.1C16,58.6,6.4,47.1,6,42.2z"/> <path fill="#FC7C00" style="fill: var(--color14, #FC7C00)" d="M32.5,36.4c-6.9-2.8-10-9-7.8-14.5c1.9-4.7,7-6.8,11.2-5.1c4.8,2,6.8,7.3,5.1,11.7c-0.9,2.2-2.7,3.9-4.5,5.3c6.9,2.5,14.6,0.2,17.1-3.5c3.1-4.7-0.7-13.7-0.7-13.7C50.8,11.9,47,7.9,41.3,5.6C30,1,17.1,6.5,12.5,17.9C8,29.2,13.5,42.1,24.8,46.7c1.7,0.7,3.4,1.1,5.1,1.4L31.5,64h2.8l1.5-15.9c7.7-1,14.7-6,17.8-13.7c0,0,0,0,0,0C48.4,37.6,40.5,39.7,32.5,36.4z"/> <path fill="#FC7C00" style="fill: var(--color14, #FC7C00)" d="M77.4,53.9c-2.3,0-3.8-0.7-4.4-1c-0.3-0.6-0.7-2.6-0.8-3.9c0.1-0.2,0.6-0.3,0.7-0.1c0.4,1.4,1.6,4.2,4.8,4.2c2.3,0,3.5-1.5,3.5-3.2c0-1.2-0.3-2.6-2.3-3.9l-2.7-1.7c-1.4-0.9-3-2.5-3-4.8c0-2.7,2.1-4.8,5.7-4.8c0.9,0,1.9,0.2,2.6,0.4c0.4,0.1,0.8,0.2,1,0.2c0.3,0.7,0.5,2.2,0.5,3.4c-0.1,0.2-0.6,0.3-0.7,0.1c-0.4-1.3-1.1-3.2-3.8-3.2c-2.7,0-3.3,1.8-3.3,3.1c0,1.6,1.3,2.8,2.4,3.4l2.2,1.4c1.8,1.1,3.5,2.7,3.5,5.4C83.3,51.8,81,53.9,77.4,53.9z"/> <path fill="#FC7C00" style="fill: var(--color14, #FC7C00)" d="M88.1,46.3c-0.7,0-0.8,0.1-0.8,0.8c0,2.8,1.6,5.2,4.6,5.2c0.9,0,1.7-0.3,2.6-1.4c0.3-0.1,0.5,0.1,0.5,0.3c-0.9,1.9-2.9,2.6-4.4,2.6c-1.8,0-3.2-0.8-4-1.8c-0.8-1.1-1.2-2.4-1.2-3.6c0-3.4,2.3-6.3,5.6-6.3c2.4,0,4,1.6,4,3.3c0,0.4-0.1,0.6-0.1,0.7c-0.1,0.2-0.5,0.2-1.6,0.2H88.1z M89.8,45.4c2.1,0,2.7-0.1,2.9-0.3c0.1-0.1,0.2-0.2,0.2-0.5c0-0.8-0.5-1.8-2.2-1.8c-1.6,0-3.1,1.5-3.1,2.4c0,0.1,0,0.1,0.2,0.1H89.8z"/> <path fill="#FC7C00" style="fill: var(--color14, #FC7C00)" d="M102.1,47.7c0.4-0.1,0.5-0.4,0.5-0.8l0-1.3c0-1-0.3-2.4-2-2.4c-0.8,0-1.7,0.4-1.8,1.3c0,0.4-0.1,0.8-0.3,0.9c-0.4,0.3-1.2,0.5-1.6,0.5c-0.3,0-0.4-0.1-0.4-0.4c0-1.5,3.2-3.4,5.2-3.4c2,0,3,1.2,2.9,3.3l-0.2,4.9c-0.1,1.3,0.2,2.4,1.3,2.4c0.3,0,0.5-0.1,0.7-0.2c0.1-0.1,0.3-0.2,0.4-0.2c0.1,0,0.2,0.2,0.2,0.4c0,0.1-1,1.2-2.3,1.2c-0.7,0-1.3-0.3-1.8-0.9c-0.1-0.2-0.3-0.4-0.4-0.4c-0.2,0-0.5,0.3-1.1,0.6c-0.6,0.3-1.2,0.7-2,0.7c-0.8,0-1.5-0.2-2-0.6c-0.5-0.5-0.9-1.2-0.9-2c0-1.1,0.5-1.7,2.3-2.4L102.1,47.7z M100.4,52.6c0.6,0,1.4-0.4,1.7-0.7c0.3-0.3,0.3-0.7,0.4-1.3l0.1-1.6c0-0.3-0.1-0.4-0.3-0.4c-0.2,0-0.6,0.1-1.1,0.3c-1.6,0.6-2.5,1-2.5,2.1C98.7,51.4,99,52.6,100.4,52.6z"/> <path fill="#FC7C00" style="fill: var(--color14, #FC7C00)" d="M109.5,45.4c0-1.1,0-1.2-0.8-1.7l-0.3-0.2c-0.1-0.1-0.1-0.4,0-0.5c0.6-0.2,2.1-0.9,2.8-1.4c0.1,0,0.2,0.1,0.2,0.2v1.6c0,0.1,0,0.2,0.1,0.3c1-0.8,2-1.7,3.1-1.7c0.7,0,1.3,0.4,1.3,1.1c0,0.9-0.8,1.3-1.2,1.3c-0.3,0-0.4-0.1-0.6-0.2c-0.4-0.3-0.8-0.4-1.2-0.4c-0.4,0-0.8,0.3-1,0.6c-0.3,0.4-0.4,1.2-0.4,2.2v3.8c0,2,0.1,2.3,1.1,2.4l1,0.1c0.2,0.1,0.1,0.6-0.1,0.7c-1.3-0.1-2.1-0.1-3.1-0.1c-1,0-1.8,0-2.6,0.1c-0.2-0.1-0.3-0.6-0.1-0.7l0.5-0.1c1-0.2,1.1-0.4,1.1-2.4V45.4z"/> <path fill="#FC7C00" style="fill: var(--color14, #FC7C00)" d="M126.2,42.5c0.2,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.4,1.1c0,0.5-0.3,1-0.6,1c-0.1,0-0.3-0.1-0.4-0.2c-0.6-0.8-1.6-1.5-2.8-1.5c-2,0-3.9,1.5-3.9,4.5c0,2.2,1.5,4.8,4.5,4.8c1.6,0,2.5-0.7,3.1-1.7c0.2-0.1,0.5,0.1,0.5,0.4c-0.9,2.1-3,2.8-4.7,2.8c-1.5,0-2.8-0.5-3.8-1.4c-1-0.9-1.6-2.3-1.6-4.1c0-3,2.1-6.2,6.8-6.2C124.3,42,125.4,42.2,126.2,42.5z"/> <path fill="#FC7C00" style="fill: var(--color14, #FC7C00)" d="M129.5,37.7c0-1.6,0-1.8-0.9-2.3l-0.3-0.2c-0.1-0.1-0.1-0.5,0-0.6c0.7-0.2,2-0.6,3-1.2c0.1,0,0.2,0.1,0.3,0.2c0,0.8-0.1,2.2-0.1,3.5V43c0,0.3,0,0.5,0.1,0.5c1-0.8,2.3-1.5,3.8-1.5c2.7,0,3.6,1.6,3.6,3.6v4.7c0,2,0.1,2.3,1.1,2.4l0.8,0.1c0.2,0.1,0.1,0.6-0.1,0.7c-1-0.1-1.8-0.1-2.8-0.1c-1,0-1.8,0-2.6,0.1c-0.2-0.1-0.3-0.6-0.1-0.7l0.6-0.1c1-0.2,1.1-0.4,1.1-2.4v-4c0-1.8-0.9-3-2.7-3c-0.9,0-1.7,0.3-2.2,0.8c-0.5,0.4-0.6,0.6-0.6,1.5v4.7c0,2,0.1,2.3,1.1,2.4l0.6,0.1c0.2,0.1,0.1,0.6-0.1,0.7c-0.8-0.1-1.6-0.1-2.6-0.1c-1,0-1.8,0-2.7,0.1c-0.2-0.1-0.3-0.6-0.1-0.7l0.7-0.1c1-0.1,1.1-0.4,1.1-2.4V37.7z"/> </symbol> </defs> </svg> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Calenda - Faire l鈥檋istoire de l鈥檃rchitecture au prisme des questions environnementales et d茅coloniales