Communications Networks, Content and Technology

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class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://commission.europa.eu/about-european-commission/organisation-european-commission/president_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="The President" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >The President</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://commission.europa.eu/about-european-commission/organisation-european-commission/college-commissioners_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="College of Commissioners" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >College of Commissioners</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/about/departments-and-executive-agencies_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Departments and executive agencies" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Departments and executive agencies</a></li><li 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data-untranslated-label="Role" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink aria-expanded="false" id="ecl-mega-menu-sublink-663517565" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Role</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--2xs ecl-icon--rotate-90 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-mega-menu__mega ecl-mega-menu__mega--level-2" data-ecl-mega-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-mega-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="In strategy and policy" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >In strategy and policy</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/about/role/law_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="In law" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >In law</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/about/role/budget-and-funding_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="In budget and funding" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >In budget and funding</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/about/role/international-relations_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink ecl-mega-menu__sublink--last" data-untranslated-label="In international relations" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >In international relations</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__spacer" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem ecl-mega-menu__see-all" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/about/role_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon" aria-describedby="ecl-mega-menu-sublink-663517565" ><span 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ecl-mega-menu__mega--level-2" data-ecl-mega-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-mega-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/about/service-standards-and-principles/transparency_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Transparency" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Transparency</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/about/service-standards-and-principles/ethics-and-good-administration_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Ethics and Good Administration" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Ethics and Good Administration</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/about/service-standards-and-principles/people-first-modernising-european-commission_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="People first – Modernising the European Commission" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >People first – Modernising the European Commission</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/about/service-standards-and-principles/commissions-use-languages_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink ecl-mega-menu__sublink--last" data-untranslated-label="The Commission’s use of languages" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >The Commission’s use of languages</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__spacer" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem ecl-mega-menu__see-all" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/about/service-standards-and-principles_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon" aria-describedby="ecl-mega-menu-sublink-1895605663" ><span class="ecl-link__label">See all</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use 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xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-icon--flip-horizontal ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-mega-menu__wrapper"><div class="ecl-container"><div class="ecl-mega-menu__info ecl-mega-menu__info--has-link" data-ecl-mega-menu-mega ><span class="ecl-mega-menu__info-title" id="ecl-mega-menu-item-ecl-mega-menu-1892451467-2-info-title" >Our priorities</span><div class="ecl-mega-menu__info-scrollable"><div class="ecl-mega-menu__info-content">Learn how the EU is building a sustainable, digital, and inclusive future through its seven key priorities.</div><a href="/priorities-2024-2029_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-mega-menu__info-link ecl-mega-menu__info-link" aria-describedby="ecl-mega-menu-item-ecl-mega-menu-1892451467-2-info-title" ><span class="ecl-link__label">Discover more</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--flip-horizontal ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></a></div></div><div class="ecl-mega-menu__mega" data-ecl-mega-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-mega-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/priorities-2024-2029/competitiveness_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Competitiveness" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Competitiveness</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/priorities-2024-2029/security-and-defence_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Security and defence" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Security and defence</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/priorities-2024-2029/european-social-fairness_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="European social fairness" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >European social fairness</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/priorities-2024-2029/quality-life_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Quality of life" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Quality of life</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/priorities-2024-2029/democracy-and-our-values_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Democracy and our values" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Democracy and our values</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/priorities-2024-2029/global-europe_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="A global Europe" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >A global Europe</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/priorities-2024-2029/eu-budget-and-reform_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink ecl-mega-menu__sublink--last" data-untranslated-label="EU budget and reform" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >EU budget and reform</a></li></ul></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__item ecl-mega-menu__item--has-children" data-ecl-mega-menu-item data-ecl-has-children aria-haspopup id="ecl-mega-menu-item-ecl-mega-menu-1892451467-3"><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--primary ecl-mega-menu__link" type="button" data-ecl-mega-menu-link id="ecl-mega-menu-item-ecl-mega-menu-1892451467-3-link" aria-expanded="false" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">News and media</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--2xs ecl-icon--rotate-90 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Discover the latest updates, stories, multimedia and other valuable material</div><a href="/news-and-media_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-mega-menu__info-link ecl-mega-menu__info-link" aria-describedby="ecl-mega-menu-item-ecl-mega-menu-1892451467-3-info-title" ><span class="ecl-link__label">Discover more</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--flip-horizontal ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></a></div></div><div class="ecl-mega-menu__mega" data-ecl-mega-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-mega-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/news-and-media/news_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="News" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >News</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/home/en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Press corner" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Press corner</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/news-and-media/visual-stories_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Visual stories" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Visual stories</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://audiovisual.ec.europa.eu/en/" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Audiovisual portal" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Audiovisual portal</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--primary ecl-mega-menu__sublink ecl-mega-menu__sublink--last" type="button" data-untranslated-label="Resources" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink aria-expanded="false" id="ecl-mega-menu-sublink-1954839931" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Resources</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--2xs ecl-icon--rotate-90 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-mega-menu__mega ecl-mega-menu__mega--level-2" data-ecl-mega-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-mega-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://op.europa.eu/en/" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Publications" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Publications</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/news-and-media/resources/statistics_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Statistics" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Statistics</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://learning-corner.learning.europa.eu/index_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Learning corner" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Learning corner</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/screen/home" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Eurobarometer" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Eurobarometer</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink ecl-mega-menu__sublink--last" data-untranslated-label="EU law" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >EU law</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__spacer" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem ecl-mega-menu__see-all" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/news-and-media/resources_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon" aria-describedby="ecl-mega-menu-sublink-1954839931" ><span class="ecl-link__label">See all</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></a></li></ul></li></li></ul></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__item ecl-mega-menu__item--has-children" data-ecl-mega-menu-item data-ecl-has-children aria-haspopup id="ecl-mega-menu-item-ecl-mega-menu-1892451467-4"><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--primary ecl-mega-menu__link" type="button" data-ecl-mega-menu-link id="ecl-mega-menu-item-ecl-mega-menu-1892451467-4-link" aria-expanded="false" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Topics</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--2xs ecl-icon--rotate-90 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-icon--flip-horizontal ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-mega-menu__wrapper"><div class="ecl-container"><div class="ecl-mega-menu__info ecl-mega-menu__info--has-link" data-ecl-mega-menu-mega ><span class="ecl-mega-menu__info-title" id="ecl-mega-menu-item-ecl-mega-menu-1892451467-4-info-title" >Topics from A to Z</span><div class="ecl-mega-menu__info-scrollable"><div class="ecl-mega-menu__info-content">Discover EU policies designed to bring benefits to citizens, businesses and other stakeholders in the EU</div><a href="/topics_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-mega-menu__info-link ecl-mega-menu__info-link" aria-describedby="ecl-mega-menu-item-ecl-mega-menu-1892451467-4-info-title" ><span class="ecl-link__label">Discover more</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--flip-horizontal ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></a></div></div><div class="ecl-mega-menu__mega" data-ecl-mega-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-mega-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--primary ecl-mega-menu__sublink" type="button" data-untranslated-label="Aid, Development cooperation, Fundamental rights" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink aria-expanded="false" id="ecl-mega-menu-sublink-1278382201" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Aid, Development cooperation, Fundamental rights</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--2xs ecl-icon--rotate-90 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-mega-menu__mega ecl-mega-menu__mega--level-2" data-ecl-mega-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-mega-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/aid-development-cooperation-fundamental-rights/your-fundamental-rights-eu_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Your fundamental rights in the EU" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Your fundamental rights in the EU</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/aid-development-cooperation-fundamental-rights/human-rights-non-eu-countries_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Human rights in non-EU countries" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Human rights in non-EU countries</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/aid-development-cooperation-fundamental-rights/recipients-and-results-eu-aid_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Recipients and results of EU aid" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Recipients and results of EU aid</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/aid-development-cooperation-fundamental-rights/how-we-provide-aid_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="How we provide aid" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >How we provide aid</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/aid-development-cooperation-fundamental-rights/ensuring-aid-effectiveness_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink ecl-mega-menu__sublink--last" data-untranslated-label="Ensuring aid effectiveness" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Ensuring aid effectiveness</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__spacer" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem ecl-mega-menu__see-all" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/aid-development-cooperation-fundamental-rights_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon" aria-describedby="ecl-mega-menu-sublink-1278382201" ><span class="ecl-link__label">See all</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></a></li></ul></li></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--primary ecl-mega-menu__sublink" type="button" data-untranslated-label="Business, Economy, Euro" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink aria-expanded="false" id="ecl-mega-menu-sublink-1784665321" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Business, Economy, Euro</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--2xs ecl-icon--rotate-90 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-mega-menu__mega ecl-mega-menu__mega--level-2" data-ecl-mega-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-mega-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/business-economy-euro/doing-business-eu_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Doing business in the EU" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Doing business in the EU</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/business-economy-euro/financial-services_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Financial services" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Financial services</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/business-economy-euro/economic-recovery_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Economic recovery" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Economic recovery</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/business-economy-euro/economic-forecasts-and-surveillance_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Economic forecasts and surveillance" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Economic forecasts and surveillance</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/business-economy-euro/european-semester_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="The European Semester" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >The European Semester</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://economy-finance.ec.europa.eu/economic-and-monetary-union_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Economic and Monetary Union" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Economic and Monetary Union</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://economy-finance.ec.europa.eu/euro/what-euro-area_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="The euro area" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >The euro area</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/institutions-law-budget/euro/benefits_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink ecl-mega-menu__sublink--last" data-untranslated-label="The benefits of the euro" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >The benefits of the euro</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__spacer" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem ecl-mega-menu__see-all" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/business-economy-euro_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon" aria-describedby="ecl-mega-menu-sublink-1784665321" ><span class="ecl-link__label">See all</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></a></li></ul></li></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--primary ecl-mega-menu__sublink" type="button" data-untranslated-label="Education" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink aria-expanded="false" id="ecl-mega-menu-sublink-1079597023" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Education</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--2xs ecl-icon--rotate-90 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-mega-menu__mega ecl-mega-menu__mega--level-2" data-ecl-mega-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-mega-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/education/skills-and-qualifications_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Skills and qualifications" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Skills and qualifications</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/education/study-or-teach-abroad_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Study or teach abroad" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Study or teach abroad</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/education/teaching-methods-and-materials_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Teaching methods and materials" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Teaching methods and materials</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/education/policy-educational-issues_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Policy on educational issues" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Policy on educational issues</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/education/set-projects-education-and-training_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink ecl-mega-menu__sublink--last" data-untranslated-label="Set up projects for education and training" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Set up projects for education and training</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__spacer" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem ecl-mega-menu__see-all" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/education_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon" aria-describedby="ecl-mega-menu-sublink-1079597023" ><span class="ecl-link__label">See all</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></a></li></ul></li></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--primary ecl-mega-menu__sublink" type="button" data-untranslated-label="Energy, Climate change, Environment" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink aria-expanded="false" id="ecl-mega-menu-sublink-1901168542" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Energy, Climate change, Environment</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--2xs ecl-icon--rotate-90 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-mega-menu__mega ecl-mega-menu__mega--level-2" data-ecl-mega-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-mega-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/priorities-2019-2024/european-green-deal_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="A European Green Deal" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >A European Green Deal</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/energy-climate-change-environment/overall-targets-and-reporting_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Overall targets and reporting" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Overall targets and reporting</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/energy-climate-change-environment/implementation-eu-countries_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Implementation in EU countries" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Implementation in EU countries</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/energy-climate-change-environment/international-cooperation_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="International cooperation" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >International cooperation</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/energy-climate-change-environment/standards-tools-and-labels_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink ecl-mega-menu__sublink--last" data-untranslated-label="Standards, tools and labels" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Standards, tools and labels</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__spacer" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem ecl-mega-menu__see-all" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/energy-climate-change-environment_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon" aria-describedby="ecl-mega-menu-sublink-1901168542" ><span class="ecl-link__label">See all</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></a></li></ul></li></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--primary ecl-mega-menu__sublink" type="button" data-untranslated-label="EU regional and urban development" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink aria-expanded="false" id="ecl-mega-menu-sublink-443466424" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">EU regional and urban development</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--2xs ecl-icon--rotate-90 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-mega-menu__mega ecl-mega-menu__mega--level-2" data-ecl-mega-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-mega-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/eu-regional-and-urban-development/financial-support-projects_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Financial support for projects" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Financial support for projects</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/eu-regional-and-urban-development/projects-and-results_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Projects and results" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Projects and results</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/eu-regional-and-urban-development/countries-regions-cities_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Countries, regions, cities" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Countries, regions, cities</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/eu-regional-and-urban-development/cooperation-between-border-regions_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink ecl-mega-menu__sublink--last" data-untranslated-label="Cooperation between border regions" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Cooperation between border regions</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__spacer" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem ecl-mega-menu__see-all" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/eu-regional-and-urban-development_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon" aria-describedby="ecl-mega-menu-sublink-443466424" ><span class="ecl-link__label">See all</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></a></li></ul></li></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--primary ecl-mega-menu__sublink" type="button" data-untranslated-label="Food, Farming, Fisheries" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink aria-expanded="false" id="ecl-mega-menu-sublink-1916614567" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Food, Farming, Fisheries</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--2xs ecl-icon--rotate-90 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-mega-menu__mega ecl-mega-menu__mega--level-2" data-ecl-mega-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-mega-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/food-farming-fisheries/food-safety-and-quality_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Food safety and quality" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Food safety and quality</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/food-farming-fisheries/farming_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Farming" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Farming</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/food-farming-fisheries/oceans-and-fisheries_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Oceans and fisheries" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Oceans and fisheries</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/food-farming-fisheries/forestry_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Forestry" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Forestry</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/food-farming-fisheries/sustainable-agriculture_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Sustainable agriculture" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Sustainable agriculture</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/food-farming-fisheries/agricultural-trade_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Agricultural trade" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Agricultural trade</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/food-farming-fisheries/plants-and-plant-products_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Plants and plant products" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Plants and plant products</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/food-farming-fisheries/animals-and-animal-products_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink ecl-mega-menu__sublink--last" data-untranslated-label="Animals and animal products" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Animals and animal products</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__spacer" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem ecl-mega-menu__see-all" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/food-farming-fisheries_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon" aria-describedby="ecl-mega-menu-sublink-1916614567" ><span class="ecl-link__label">See all</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></a></li></ul></li></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--primary ecl-mega-menu__sublink" type="button" data-untranslated-label="Law" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink aria-expanded="false" id="ecl-mega-menu-sublink-1330258476" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Law</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--2xs ecl-icon--rotate-90 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-mega-menu__mega ecl-mega-menu__mega--level-2" data-ecl-mega-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-mega-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/law/law-making-process_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Law-making process" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Law-making process</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/law/track-law-making_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Track law-making" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Track law-making</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/law/search-law_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Search law" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Search law</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/law/law-topic_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Law by topic" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Law by topic</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/law/application-eu-law_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Application of EU law" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Application of EU law</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/law/cross-border-cases_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Cross-border cases" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Cross-border cases</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/law/judicial-training-and-professional-networks_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Judicial training and professional networks" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Judicial training and professional networks</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/law/find-legal-professional_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink ecl-mega-menu__sublink--last" data-untranslated-label="Find a legal professional" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Find a legal professional</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__spacer" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem ecl-mega-menu__see-all" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/law_en" class="ecl-link 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ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Culture, Heritage, Sport in the EU" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Culture, Heritage, Sport in the EU</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/live-work-travel-eu/working-another-eu-country_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Working in another EU country" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Working in another EU country</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/live-work-travel-eu/employment-opportunities_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Employment opportunities" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Employment opportunities</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/live-work-travel-eu/travelling-eu_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Travelling in the EU" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Travelling in the EU</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/live-work-travel-eu/travelling-non-eu-nationals_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Travelling for non-EU nationals" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Travelling for non-EU nationals</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://immigration-portal.ec.europa.eu/index_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink ecl-mega-menu__sublink--last" data-untranslated-label="Emigrating to the EU" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Emigrating to the EU</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__spacer" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem ecl-mega-menu__see-all" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/live-work-travel-eu_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon" aria-describedby="ecl-mega-menu-sublink-1523724418" ><span 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ecl-mega-menu__mega--level-2" data-ecl-mega-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-mega-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu/research-and-innovation/strategy_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Strategy on research and innovation" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Strategy on research and innovation</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu/research-and-innovation/law-and-regulations_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Law and regulations" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Law and regulations</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu/research-and-innovation/knowledge-publications-tools-and-data_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Knowledge: publications, tools and data" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Knowledge: publications, tools and data</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu/research-and-innovation/funding_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Funding" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Funding</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu/research-and-innovation/projects_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Projects" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Projects</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu/research-and-innovation/partners-networking_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Partners, networking" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Partners, networking</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu/research-and-innovation/research-area_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink ecl-mega-menu__sublink--last" data-untranslated-label="Research by area" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Research by area</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__spacer" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem ecl-mega-menu__see-all" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/research-and-innovation_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon" aria-describedby="ecl-mega-menu-sublink-1506053484" ><span class="ecl-link__label">See all</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use 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class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://ec.europa.eu/info/law/better-regulation/have-your-say_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Have your say" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Have your say</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://citizens.ec.europa.eu/index_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="European Citizens’ Panels" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >European Citizens’ Panels</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/get-involved/engage-eu-policymaking/european-citizens-initiative_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="European Citizens' Initiative" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >European Citizens' Initiative</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/get-involved/engage-eu-policymaking/petition-eu_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink ecl-mega-menu__sublink--last" data-untranslated-label="Petition the EU" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Petition the EU</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__spacer" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem ecl-mega-menu__see-all" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/get-involved/engage-eu-policymaking_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon" aria-describedby="ecl-mega-menu-sublink-988068073" ><span class="ecl-link__label">See all</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></a></li></ul></li></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--primary ecl-mega-menu__sublink" type="button" data-untranslated-label="Jobs" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink aria-expanded="false" id="ecl-mega-menu-sublink-560769099" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Jobs</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--2xs ecl-icon--rotate-90 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-mega-menu__mega ecl-mega-menu__mega--level-2" data-ecl-mega-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-mega-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/get-involved/jobs-european-commission/job-opportunities-commission_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Job opportunities at the Commission" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Job opportunities at the Commission</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/get-involved/jobs-european-commission/working-eu-civil-service_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Working for the EU civil service" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Working for the EU civil service</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://traineeships.ec.europa.eu/" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Traineeships" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Traineeships</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="https://youth.europa.eu/go-abroad/volunteering_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink ecl-mega-menu__sublink--last" data-untranslated-label="Volunteering" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Volunteering</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__spacer" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem ecl-mega-menu__see-all" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a 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class="ecl-button ecl-button--primary ecl-mega-menu__sublink" type="button" data-untranslated-label="Visit us" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink aria-expanded="false" id="ecl-mega-menu-sublink-1088558509" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Visit us</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--2xs ecl-icon--rotate-90 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-mega-menu__mega ecl-mega-menu__mega--level-2" data-ecl-mega-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-mega-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/get-involved/visit-european-commission/visitors-centre_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Visitors' Centre" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Visitors' Centre</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem"data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/get-involved/visit-european-commission/experience-europe-exhibition-centre_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-mega-menu__sublink ecl-mega-menu__sublink--last" data-untranslated-label="Experience Europe exhibition centre" data-ecl-mega-menu-sublink >Experience Europe exhibition centre</a></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__spacer" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem></li><li class="ecl-mega-menu__subitem ecl-mega-menu__see-all" data-ecl-mega-menu-subitem><a href="/get-involved/visit-european-commission_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon" aria-describedby="ecl-mega-menu-sublink-1088558509" ><span class="ecl-link__label">See all</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></a></li></ul></li></li><li 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class="ecl-page-header__title"><span>Communications Networks, Content and Technology</span></h1></div><div class="ecl-page-header__description-container"><p class="ecl-page-header__description">Connect develops and implements policies to make Europe fit for the digital age </p></div></div></div> </div> <main class="ecl-u-pb-xl" id="main-content" data-inpage-navigation-source-area="h2.ecl-u-type-heading-2, div.ecl-featured-item__heading"> <div class="ecl-container"> <div class="ecl-row"> <div class="ecl-col-s-12 ewcms-top-sidebar"> <div> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ecl-row"> <div class="ecl-col-s-12"> <div class="ecl-row ecl-u-mt-l"> <div class="oe-theme-left-sidebar ecl-col-12 ecl-col-l-3"> <nav class="ecl-inpage-navigation oe-theme-ecl-inpage-navigation ecl-u-z-dropdown" data-ecl-auto-init="InpageNavigation" data-ecl-auto-initialized="true" data-ecl-inpage-navigation="true" aria-labelledby="ecl-inpage-navigation-574813138" ><div class="ecl-inpage-navigation__title" id="ecl-inpage-navigation-574813138">Page contents</div><div class="ecl-inpage-navigation__body"><div class="ecl-inpage-navigation__trigger-wrapper"><button type="button" class="ecl-inpage-navigation__trigger" id="ecl-inpage-navigation-574813138-trigger" data-ecl-inpage-navigation-trigger="true" aria-controls="ecl-inpage-navigation-list" aria-expanded="false"><span class="ecl-inpage-navigation__trigger-current" data-ecl-inpage-navigation-trigger-current="true">Page contents</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-inpage-navigation__trigger-icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="false" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></button></div><ul class="ecl-inpage-navigation__list" data-ecl-inpage-navigation-list="true" id="ecl-inpage-navigation-574813138-list"></ul></div></nav> </div> <div class="oe-theme-content-region ecl-col-l-9"> <div id="block-ewcms-theme-main-page-content" data-inpage-navigation-source-area="h2, div.ecl-featured-item__heading" class="ecl-u-mb-l"> <article dir="ltr"> <div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl"> <div class="ecl"><h2>Responsibilities</h2><p>The Directorate‑General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology  develops and carries out the Commission's policies on:</p><p><a href="https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies" class="ecl-link">Digital economy and society</a></p><p><a href="https://research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu/index_en" class="ecl-link">Research and innovation</a></p><h3>Mission statement</h3><p>Connect develops and implements policies to make Europe fit for the digital age.</p><p><a href="https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/activities">We invest</a> in research, innovation, deployment and uptake of trustworthy and green digital technologies that improve our economy and people’s lives.</p><p>Through funding, legislation and policy initiatives, we help ensure European leadership and independence in critical digital technologies (such as <a href="https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/artificial-intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a>, <a href="https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/strategy-data" class="ecl-link">Common Data Spaces</a>, <a href="https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/high-performance-computing">high-performance computing</a>, <a href="https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/5g" class="ecl-link">5G</a>, <a href="https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/electronics" class="ecl-link">micro-electronics</a>, <a href="https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/blockchain-strategy">blockchain</a> and <a href="https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/quantum">quantum</a>).</p><p>We work towards making Europe a global leader in the <a href="https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/data" class="ecl-link">data economy</a> and in <a href="https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/cybersecurity" class="ecl-link">cybersecurity</a>. We foster the internal market where all companies can invest and compete on equal terms, develop, market and use digital technologies, products and services and where the rights of creators and consumers are respected. We work on the deployment of very high-speed networks to all companies and households, as <a href="https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/connectivity">connectivity</a> is key for digital transformation. We promote the EU’s human-centric model of an <a href="https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/priorities-2019-2024/europe-fit-digital-age/europes-digital-decade-digital-targets-2030_en" class="ecl-link">innovative, fair and sustainable digital transformation of society</a>, which respects our democratic values, our fundamental rights and cultural diversity. We help bridge the digital divide by supporting <a href="https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/digital-skills">digital literacy and skills</a> of EU citizens.</p><p><a href="https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--primary">Communications Networks, Content and Technology website</a></p></div> </div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl"> <h2 id="leadership-and-organisation" class="ecl-u-type-heading-2 ecl-u-mt-none ecl-u-mb-l">Leadership and organisation</h2> <div> <div> <article class="ecl-u-d-flex ecl-u-pv-m ecl-u-border-bottom ecl-u-border-color-neutral-40" > <div role="img" class="ecl-u-flex-shrink-0 ecl-u-mr-s ecl-u-media-a-s ecl-u-media-bg-size-contain ecl-u-media-bg-repeat-none " style="background-image:url(/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_small_no_crop/public/2024-11/henna-virkkunen-991x991.jpg?itok=COtbluiZ)"></div> <div class="ecl-u-flex-grow-1"> <div class="ecl-content-item__meta ecl-u-type-s ecl-u-type-color-dark-100 ecl-u-mb-xs">Executive Vice-President</div> <a href="https://commission.europa.eu/about/organisation/college-commissioners/henna-virkkunen_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link ecl-u-type-bold" ><span>Henna Virkkunen</span></a> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article class="ecl-u-d-flex ecl-u-pv-m ecl-u-border-bottom ecl-u-border-color-neutral-40" > <div role="img" class="ecl-u-flex-shrink-0 ecl-u-mr-s ecl-u-media-a-s ecl-u-media-bg-size-contain ecl-u-media-bg-repeat-none " style="background-image:url(/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_small_no_crop/public/2020-06/roberto-viola_0.jpg?itok=de-mAluX)"></div> <div class="ecl-u-flex-grow-1"> <div class="ecl-content-item__meta ecl-u-type-s ecl-u-type-color-dark-100 ecl-u-mb-xs">Director-General</div> <a href="/persons/roberto-viola_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link ecl-u-type-bold" ><span>Roberto Viola</span></a> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article class="ecl-u-d-flex ecl-u-pv-m ecl-u-border-bottom ecl-u-border-color-neutral-40" > <div role="img" class="ecl-u-flex-shrink-0 ecl-u-mr-s ecl-u-media-a-s ecl-u-media-bg-size-contain ecl-u-media-bg-repeat-none " style="background-image:url(/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_small_no_crop/public/2022-05/profile-picture-thomas-skordas.jpg?itok=ub75OBPu)"></div> <div class="ecl-u-flex-grow-1"> <div class="ecl-content-item__meta ecl-u-type-s ecl-u-type-color-dark-100 ecl-u-mb-xs">Deputy Director-General</div> <a href="/persons/thomas-skordas_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link ecl-u-type-bold" ><span>Thomas Skordas</span></a> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article class="ecl-u-d-flex ecl-u-pv-m ecl-u-border-bottom ecl-u-border-color-neutral-40" > <div role="img" class="ecl-u-flex-shrink-0 ecl-u-mr-s ecl-u-media-a-s ecl-u-media-bg-size-contain ecl-u-media-bg-repeat-none " style="background-image:url(/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_small_no_crop/public/2022-11/profile-picture-renate-nikolay_1.jpg?itok=rA5cLVOJ)"></div> <div class="ecl-u-flex-grow-1"> <div class="ecl-content-item__meta ecl-u-type-s ecl-u-type-color-dark-100 ecl-u-mb-xs">Deputy Director-General</div> <a href="/persons/renate-nikolay_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link ecl-u-type-bold" ><span>Renate Nikolay</span></a> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-l ecl-u-mt-l"> <div class="ecl-file" data-ecl-file id="ecl-file-1587192442" data-ecl-auto-init="FileDownload" ><div class="ecl-file__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--2xl ecl-file__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#file"></use></svg><div class="ecl-file__info"><ul class="ecl-file__detail-meta"><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">1 DECEMBER 2024</li></ul><div class="ecl-file__title" id="ecl-file-1587192442-title">Communications Networks, Content and Technology - Organisation chart</div></div></div><div class="ecl-file__footer"><div class="ecl-file__language" 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<div class="ecl-row ecl-u-mv-xl"> <div class="ecl-col-12"> <h3 class="ecl-u-type-heading-3 ecl-u-mt-none"> <div>Directorate-General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology</div> </h3> </div> <div class="ecl-col-12"> <div class="ecl-u-mb-l"> <div class="ecl"><p>Phone number: 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11</p> </div> </div> <dl class="ecl-description-list ecl-description-list--horizontal" ><dt class="ecl-description-list__term">Name</dt><dd class="ecl-description-list__definition"><div><div>Directorate-General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology</div></div></dd><dt class="ecl-description-list__term">Postal address</dt><dd class="ecl-description-list__definition"><div><p class="address" translate="no"><span class="address-line1">European Commission </span><br><span class="postal-code">1049 </span><span class="locality">Bruxelles/Brussel </span><br><span class="country">Belgium </span></p></div></dd></dl> <div class="ecl-u-border-top ecl-u-border-color-neutral-40 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News</a></div></div></div> <h3 class="ecl-u-type-heading-3">Plans and reports</h3> <div class="ecl-content-item-block"><div class="ecl-row"><div class="ecl-content-item-block__item contextual-region ecl-u-mb-l ecl-col-12 "><article class="ecl-content-item" ><div class="ecl-content-block ecl-content-item__content-block" data-ecl-auto-init="ContentBlock" data-ecl-content-block ><div class="ecl-content-block__title"data-ecl-title-link><a href="https://commission.europa.eu/document/download/51991f3f-a49b-4f4d-811e-c854449169d8_en?filename=com_2022_548_3_en.pdf" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone" >Commission work programme</a></div><div class="ecl-content-block__description">Overview of institution-wide deliverables for current year</div></div></article></div><div class="ecl-content-item-block__item contextual-region ecl-u-mb-l ecl-col-12 "><article class="ecl-content-item" ><div class="ecl-content-block ecl-content-item__content-block" data-ecl-auto-init="ContentBlock" data-ecl-content-block ><div class="ecl-content-block__title"data-ecl-title-link><a href="https://commission.europa.eu/publications/strategic-plan-2020-2024-communications-networks-content-and-technology_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone" >Strategic plan</a></div><div class="ecl-content-block__description">Department strategy, objectives for 2020-2024</div></div></article></div><div class="ecl-content-item-block__item contextual-region ecl-u-mb-l ecl-col-12 "><article class="ecl-content-item" ><div class="ecl-content-block ecl-content-item__content-block" data-ecl-auto-init="ContentBlock" data-ecl-content-block ><div class="ecl-content-block__title"data-ecl-title-link><a href="https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/strategy-documents/management-plans_en?f%5B0%5D=oe_publication_authors%3Askos_concept%7Chttp%3A//publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/CNECT" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone" >Management plan</a></div><div class="ecl-content-block__description">Department forecasted outputs, activities, resources for current year</div></div></article></div><div class="ecl-content-item-block__item contextual-region ecl-u-mb-l ecl-col-12 last-item-column last-item"><article class="ecl-content-item" ><div class="ecl-content-block ecl-content-item__content-block" data-ecl-auto-init="ContentBlock" data-ecl-content-block ><div class="ecl-content-block__title"data-ecl-title-link><a href="https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/strategy-documents/annual-activity-reports_en?f%5B0%5D=oe_publication_authors%3Askos_concept%7Chttp%3A//publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/CNECT" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone" >Annual activity report</a></div><div class="ecl-content-block__description">Department achievements, resources used during previous year</div></div></article></div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ecl-row"> <div 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