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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1980 Hebron attack</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size:125%;">1980 Hebron attack</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Israeli-Palestinian_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli-Palestinian conflict">Israeli-Palestinian conflict</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Hebron105.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Hebron105.JPG/220px-Hebron105.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Hebron105.JPG/330px-Hebron105.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Hebron105.JPG/440px-Hebron105.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Beit_Hadassah" class="mw-redirect" title="Beit Hadassah">Beit Hadassah</a> in Hebron, location of the terrorist attack</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="locmap noviewer noresize thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:242px"><div style="position:relative;width:240px;border:1px solid lightgray"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Israel_outline_south_wb.png" class="mw-file-description" title="1980 Hebron attack is located in the Southern West Bank"><img alt="1980 Hebron attack is located in the Southern West Bank" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Israel_outline_south_wb.png/240px-Israel_outline_south_wb.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Israel_outline_south_wb.png/360px-Israel_outline_south_wb.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Israel_outline_south_wb.png/480px-Israel_outline_south_wb.png 2x" data-file-width="609" data-file-height="335" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:50.855%;left:58.367%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="1980 Hebron attack"><img alt="1980 Hebron attack" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Israel_outline_south_wb.png" title="File:Israel outline south wb.png">class=notpageimage| </a></div>The attack site</div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data location"><a href="/wiki/Hebron" title="Hebron">Hebron</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date</th><td class="infobox-data">2 May 1980<span class="noprint">; 44 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1980-05-02</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Attack type</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ambush" title="Ambush">Ambush</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Weapons</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rifle" title="Rifle">Rifles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Grenade" title="Grenade">grenades</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Deaths</th><td class="infobox-data">3 Israeli, 2 American, 1 Canadian civilians</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Injured</th><td class="infobox-data">20 Israeli and American civilians</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Perpetrator</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fatah" title="Fatah">Fatah</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> of participants</div></th><td class="infobox-data">4 Palestinian terrorists</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>On 2 May 1980, six Jews – three Israelis, two American Israelis, and one Canadian – were killed, and another 20 Jews were injured<sup id="cite_ref-toi_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toi-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at 7:30 pm on a Friday night as they returned home from <a href="/wiki/Shabbat" title="Shabbat">Sabbath</a> prayer services at the <a href="/wiki/Cave_of_the_Patriarchs" title="Cave of the Patriarchs">Cave of the Patriarchs</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hebron" title="Hebron">Hebron</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Five of the six killed were <a href="/wiki/Yeshiva" title="Yeshiva">yeshiva</a> students aged 20–21. They were attacked with gunfire and grenades from the rooftops around a small alley. </p><p>It was the most deadly attack on the <a href="/wiki/Israeli-occupied_territories" title="Israeli-occupied territories">Israeli occupied</a> <a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a> since the <a href="/wiki/Six-Day_War" title="Six-Day War">Six-Day War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ClaiborneSovietTraining_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ClaiborneSovietTraining-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Context">Context</h2></div> <p>The attack, unprecedented in the post-1967 period, was understood to mark a transition from "hit-and-run" attacks to attacks aiming to achieve mass casualties by the use of military tactics and careful planning.<sup id="cite_ref-TorgersonTacticsShift_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TorgersonTacticsShift-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Attack">Attack</h2></div> <p>The attack was carefully planned in military style. The terrorists had studied the route and timing of the return of worshipers to the Jewish residence in the former Hadassah medical clinic (<a href="/wiki/Beit_Hadassah" class="mw-redirect" title="Beit Hadassah">Beit Hadassah</a>) on Friday evenings, and attacked from both street and rooftop level as soon as the Jews appeared in the narrow passageway.<sup id="cite_ref-TorgersonTacticsShift_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TorgersonTacticsShift-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Terrorist Adnan Jabar was posted on the roof of a building opposite the Hadassah medical clinic holding a <a href="/wiki/Kalashnikov_rifle" title="Kalashnikov rifle">Kalashnikov</a> with which he "opened fire" as soon as the Jewish pedestrians came into view.<sup id="cite_ref-ClaiborneSovietTraining_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ClaiborneSovietTraining-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Israeli guards at the former clinic immediately returned fire.<sup id="cite_ref-TorgersonTacticsShift_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TorgersonTacticsShift-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Perpetrators admitted to having received instructions directly from <a href="/wiki/Khalil_al-Wazir" title="Khalil al-Wazir">Khalil al-Wazir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ClaiborneAmbushHebron_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ClaiborneAmbushHebron-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Israel sent a protest note to the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>, arguing that "this criminal incident illustrates once again the true character of the <a href="/wiki/PLO" class="mw-redirect" title="PLO">PLO</a> and its violent aims".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legal_proceedings">Legal proceedings</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Investigation">Investigation</h3></div> <p>An extensive cache of explosives and weapons was discovered; it included the guns used in the attack.<sup id="cite_ref-ShiplerSlaying_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShiplerSlaying-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arrests">Arrests</h3></div> <p>In September 1980, four members of <a href="/wiki/Fatah" title="Fatah">Fatah</a> were arrested and charged with carrying out the attack. One of the four had trained in the <a href="/wiki/USSR" class="mw-redirect" title="USSR">USSR</a>. Two were arrested while trying to cross from Israel into Jordan.<sup id="cite_ref-ShiplerSlaying_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShiplerSlaying-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An additional six Arab Palestinians were taken into custody, charged with aiding the terrorists by providing lodging and transportation.<sup id="cite_ref-ShiplerSlaying_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShiplerSlaying-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trial_and_sentencing">Trial and sentencing</h3></div> <p>All four terrorists were sentenced to life in prison, but were later released in prisoner exchanges.<sup id="cite_ref-toi_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toi-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Victims">Victims</h2></div> <ul><li>Tzvi Glatt, 20, American-Israeli yeshiva student at the <a href="/wiki/Mercaz_HaRav" title="Mercaz HaRav">Mercaz HaRav</a> yeshiva in Jerusalem.<sup id="cite_ref-jta_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jta-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A budding scholar, Glatt was the author of "Rise From the Dust".<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Shmuel Mermelstein, 21, yeshiva student from <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a><sup id="cite_ref-jta_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jta-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who was studying at <a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_Kerem_B%27Yavneh" title="Yeshivat Kerem B'Yavneh">Yeshivat Kerem B'Yavneh</a>. He was the only victim without Israeli citizenship.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Gershon Klein, 20, yeshiva student at the Nir Yeshiva in <a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Arba" title="Kiryat Arba">Kiryat Arba</a>.</li> <li>Hanan Krauthamer, 21, from <a href="/wiki/Bnei_Brak" title="Bnei Brak">Bnei Brak</a>, French-Israeli yeshiva student at the Nir Yeshiva.</li> <li>Yaakov Zimmerman, 20, from <a href="/wiki/Bnei_Brak" title="Bnei Brak">Bnei Brak</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> yeshiva student at the Nir Yeshiva.</li> <li>Eli HaZeev, 32,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> decorated <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> veteran who came to Israel during the <a href="/wiki/Yom_Kippur_War" title="Yom Kippur War">Yom Kippur War</a> and converted to Judaism.<sup id="cite_ref-Martyrs_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Martyrs-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Glatt and Marmelstein were visiting friends at <a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Arba" title="Kiryat Arba">Kiryat Arba</a> when the attack occurred.<sup id="cite_ref-jta_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jta-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Four of the wounded were American citizens: Mordechai Shevat, 21, of The Bronx; Robert Brosovsky, 21; Simha Wollman, 21, of Brooklyn, and Lisa Sherman, 20, of Queens.<sup id="cite_ref-jta_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jta-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Assailants">Assailants</h2></div> <p>All of the terrorists were members of Fatah.<sup id="cite_ref-ClaiborneAmbushHebron_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ClaiborneAmbushHebron-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Members_of_the_ambush_squad">Members of the ambush squad</h3></div> <ul><li>Yasser Hussein Mohammed Zedat (30), squad leader. From Hebron; fled to Jordan after firing a Katyusha rocket at <a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Arba" title="Kiryat Arba">Kiryat Arba</a> in April 1977; trained in terrorist tactics in Lebanon.<sup id="cite_ref-ClaiborneAmbushHebron_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ClaiborneAmbushHebron-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Adnan Jabar (32), second in command.<sup id="cite_ref-ClaiborneAmbushHebron_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ClaiborneAmbushHebron-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Underwent 6 months of intensive training in small arms, explosives, military tactics, and ideology in <a href="/wiki/Skhodnya" title="Skhodnya">Skhodnya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> in 1974 in a program where Fatah and <a href="/wiki/Popular_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine" title="Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine">Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine</a> militants trained together.<sup id="cite_ref-ClaiborneSovietTraining_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ClaiborneSovietTraining-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had also trained in Syria and Lebanon.<sup id="cite_ref-ClaiborneSovietTraining_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ClaiborneSovietTraining-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tayseer_Abu_Sneineh" title="Tayseer Abu Sneineh">Tayseer Abu Sneineh</a> (30). Elected Mayor of <a href="/wiki/Hebron" title="Hebron">Hebron</a> in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-ElectedMayor_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ElectedMayor-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Mohammed Shubaki (32). Farmer. Accused in a 1979 shooting murder of an Israeli couple.<sup id="cite_ref-ClaiborneAmbushHebron_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ClaiborneAmbushHebron-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Accomplices">Accomplices</h2></div> <ul><li>Omar Haroub (30). Accused of providing weapons and transportation on the night of the ambush. A chemistry graduate of the University of Beirut working for a blood bank in East Jerusalem.<sup id="cite_ref-ClaiborneAmbushHebron_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ClaiborneAmbushHebron-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Impact">Impact</h2></div> <p>The attack prompted the government of <a href="/wiki/Menachem_Begin" title="Menachem Begin">Menachem Begin</a> to refurbish the Hadassah medical clinic and to permit Jews to live in the Beit Hason and Beit Schneerson buildings adjacent to it.<sup id="cite_ref-KeinonElderSister_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KeinonElderSister-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Israeli community of <a href="/wiki/Beit_Hagai" title="Beit Hagai">Beit Hagai</a> (House of Haggai) was established in 1982 by former classmates of boys murdered in this attack. In addition to being the name of a Biblical Prophet, Haggai, is an acronym of the <a href="/wiki/Given_name" title="Given name">given names</a> <b>H</b>anan Krauthamer, <b>G</b>ershon Klein, and <b>Y</b>aakov Zimmerman, the three Nir Yeshiva (<a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Arba" title="Kiryat Arba">Kiryat Arba</a>) students killed in an attack on 2 May 1980.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-toi-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-toi_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-toi_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/palestinian-terrorist-in-killing-of-6-jews-elected-hebron-mayor/">"Palestinian terrorist in killing of 6 Jews elected Hebron mayor"</a>. Times of Israel. 14 May 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Palestinian+terrorist+in+killing+of+6+Jews+elected+Hebron+mayor&rft.date=2017-05-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fpalestinian-terrorist-in-killing-of-6-jews-elected-hebron-mayor%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+Hebron+attack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFByman2011" class="citation book cs1">Byman, Daniel (15 June 2011). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/highpricetriumph0000byma"><i>A High Price: The Triumphs and Failures of Israeli Counterterrorism</i></a></span>. Oxford University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/highpricetriumph0000byma/page/276">276</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199830459" title="Special:BookSources/9780199830459"><bdi>9780199830459</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+High+Price%3A+The+Triumphs+and+Failures+of+Israeli+Counterterrorism&rft.pages=276&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2011-06-15&rft.isbn=9780199830459&rft.aulast=Byman&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhighpricetriumph0000byma&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1980+Hebron+attack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ClaiborneSovietTraining-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ClaiborneSovietTraining_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ClaiborneSovietTraining_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ClaiborneSovietTraining_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ClaiborneSovietTraining_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClaiborne1980" class="citation news cs1">Claiborne, William (17 November 1980). "PLO Terrorist Recalls His Training, Mission: Terrorist: Soviets Gave PLO Training". 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.navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Palestinian_militancy_attacks_in_the_1980s" title="Template:Palestinian militancy attacks in the 1980s"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Palestinian_militancy_attacks_in_the_1980s" title="Template talk:Palestinian militancy attacks in the 1980s"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Palestinian_militancy_attacks_in_the_1980s" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Palestinian militancy attacks in the 1980s"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prominent_Palestinian_militancy_attacks_in_the_1980s" class="summary" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Prominent <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_political_violence" title="Palestinian political violence">Palestinian militancy attacks</a> in the 1980s</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Within<br />Israel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Misgav_Am_hostage_crisis" title="Misgav Am hostage crisis">Misgav Am hostage crisis</a><sup>1</sup> (April 7, 1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Danny_Katz" title="Murder of Danny Katz">Murder of Danny Katz</a> (December 8, 1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_300_affair" title="Bus 300 affair">Egged bus 300 hostage crisis</a><sup>2</sup> (April 12, 1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night_of_the_Gliders" title="Night of the Gliders">Night of the Gliders</a><sup>1</sup> (November 25, 1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mothers%27_Bus_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Mothers' Bus attack">Mothers' Bus attack</a><sup>3</sup> (March 7, 1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kidnapping_and_murder_of_Avi_Sasportas_and_Ilan_Saadon" class="mw-redirect" title="Kidnapping and murder of Avi Sasportas and Ilan Saadon">Kidnapping and murder of Avi Sasportas and Ilan Saadon</a><sup>2</sup> (February 16, 1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Binyamin_Meisner" class="mw-redirect" title="Death of Binyamin Meisner">Death of Binyamin Meisner</a><sup>2</sup> (February 24, 1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv%E2%80%93Jerusalem_bus_405_suicide_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Tel Aviv–Jerusalem bus 405 suicide attack">Tel Aviv–Jerusalem bus 405 suicide attack</a><sup>2</sup> (July 6, 1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Worldwide</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Antwerp_summer_camp_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 Antwerp summer camp attack">Antwerp summer camp attack</a> (July 28, 1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Paris_synagogue_bombing" title="1980 Paris synagogue bombing">Paris synagogue bombing</a> (October 3, 1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Hotel_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Norfolk Hotel bombing">Norfolk Hotel bombing</a> (December 31, 1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Vienna_synagogue_attack" title="1981 Vienna synagogue attack">Vienna synagogue attack</a> (August 29, 1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Antwerp_synagogue_bombing" title="1981 Antwerp synagogue bombing">Antwerp synagogue bombing</a> (October 20, 1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Berlin_restaurant_bombing" title="1982 Berlin restaurant bombing">Berlin restaurant bombing</a> (January 15, 1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shlomo_Argov#Attempted_assassination" title="Shlomo Argov">Assassination attempt of the Israeli ambassador in London</a> (June 3, 1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldenberg_restaurant_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Goldenberg restaurant attack">Goldenberg restaurant attack</a> (August 9, 1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_Am_Flight_830" title="Pan Am Flight 830">Pan Am Flight 830</a> (August 11, 1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Great_Synagogue_of_Rome_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="1982 Great Synagogue of Rome attack">Great Synagogue of Rome attack</a> (October 19, 1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_Frankfurt_Airport_bombing" title="1985 Frankfurt Airport bombing">Frankfurt airport bombing</a> (June 19, 1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_Madrid_airline_office_attacks" class="mw-redirect" title="1985 Madrid airline office attacks">Madrid airline office attacks</a> (July 1, 1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_Kuwait_City_bombings" title="1985 Kuwait City bombings">Kuwait City bombings</a> (July 11, 1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_Copenhagen_bombings" title="1985 Copenhagen bombings">Copenhagen bombings</a> (July 22, 1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_de_Paris_(Rome)" title="Café de Paris (Rome)">Rome Café de Paris attack</a> (September 16, 1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achille_Lauro_hijacking" title="Achille Lauro hijacking"><i>Achille Lauro</i> hijacking</a> (October 7, 1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_Rome_and_Vienna_airport_attacks" title="1985 Rome and Vienna airport attacks">Rome and Vienna airport attacks</a> (December 27, 1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_Am_Flight_73" title="Pan Am Flight 73">Pan Am Flight 73 hijacking</a> (September 5, 1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neve_Shalom_Synagogue" title="Neve Shalom Synagogue">Neve Shalom Synagogue attack</a> (September 6, 1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Poros_ship_attack" title="City of Poros ship attack"><i>City of Poros</i> ship attack</a> (July 11, 1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Nicosia_Israeli_Embassy_bombing" title="1988 Nicosia Israeli Embassy bombing">Nicosia Israeli Embassy bombing</a> (May 11, 1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Khartoum_attacks" title="1988 Khartoum attacks">Khartoum attacks</a> (May 15, 1988)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div><small><sup>1</sup> Attacks launched from Lebanon <sup>2</sup> Attacks launched from the Gaza Strip <sup>3</sup> Attacks launched from Egypt</small> <a href="/wiki/Template:Palestinian_militancy_attacks_in_the_1970s" title="Template:Palestinian militancy attacks in the 1970s">1970s</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg/12px-Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg/18px-Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg/24px-Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arrow_Blue_Right_001.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Arrow_Blue_Right_001.svg/12px-Arrow_Blue_Right_001.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" 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