CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '914d6e82b8f68249',cH: 'tUGiWxZdcwtAvNH9htvnwBwLScOzHEWQgCI8YZ1CxIo-1740043341-1.2.1.1-jiUkNQFckN4hGVx7oAKWbXZ0uKKGtBHEW9wFcaBN5.c2tln0fQJBnMYGBuZaBXE_',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Wang&__cf_chl_tk=KUt8QAIcimADPLVzw0IYMdHNpaumXJDLwnM4CtO.9Sk-1740043341-1.0.1.1-T_7qJqWaDdVHkhZuugJWh1nIf9NoHHH0Bm1L3rPi6r4",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1740043341',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "unsupported-browser",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Wang&__cf_chl_f_tk=KUt8QAIcimADPLVzw0IYMdHNpaumXJDLwnM4CtO.9Sk-1740043341-1.0.1.1-T_7qJqWaDdVHkhZuugJWh1nIf9NoHHH0Bm1L3rPi6r4",md: "4Vq1kshggOccx3HOCzRS4vqNmlu9gF21LPaQhqdiQmQ-1740043341-1.2.1.1-Rux.35Ppbw1lYAhmma_1blzUqFnCm6zcnNkH0IixFklg.vvn8VEyFxrL9bTsgCApll4X_HT9d2D4UvYHaRPCetFoaz.u3PL2aGg8jB652i_DWnVhPMz_wya_K_m76OGxCS1yuP_va.6ZGUEcyZK4rUlIZgL81x9yDoUTr4fxYXgYK9411UXIMZPihPmiT0wgquirDoBT3wfS1yzHUKhOhs8UKyveHx4u4m45HvvpR5YOK0wUjQeFp3twukH4z1UJ1Y5WVDQdKKrctA7C4WfF3ylAFJY7HncPVYzwxAwTRjF.gDidfXGTYm3Bgq_URr1VSDzQLIJH6AKa7djWlpjAg2zi3ppQhDUwNXmRI1q0Muv5TJ2YMoInEDxukLUROlg.PHxWXLEbpU9x2HG_ubBDBUJCCJAN4S_372VNvY52GrMaO9afNlnEt8TDprmxkFnqM9sDcqizG4rzFtK.FkWWVA7BPWRO.gdqVOvobojZJFIl2vVgdXY7iHfeqrztXIJsbmq77Wn5BreCkq_EHUwFq.UfTsqfmKzu2wXumAhZ3cRGUsqzJWVOl1gVxzJzpaxkgq3q5sgmzpngJubcksGV4h.vd7EaFnKiFbkTbSlXqlkj3htk0cfe5eDvVOAwf03zBOhzmZ9sRuiYjBgyxsveK2iSC1YBxBPJnKnb1LlzETZFUvN37KrezFUMuNf4hnAtww30_hcNWsa25tR6NF4sH3uaqbL970kCO0pF2ki2CSTQLR5seex1poDjaW1yM3X5dGfoKLGmVJTjpde22oPd.gRChIg7NEZRBxqUdRrU29nY6yKFyTPZSNRn0Z2mEFImhiImNOxpT6UvSrsMuViOkX.sZatvKk7cRlYebaOtk0xWWyiJIAjhbRkVtjJ1EOQpUWRIaXsugUckklowBR.DS.NB5OhIl6GIG_O0u1NJcoIn8iG30KDaKHofOztyZonX_B5DK1nA4CcIxfgVvYqfuFlLtMxXSTKm8YSxNSowwFnt6L40xRWPwhKcIy7Zie0.qt9ye.V3ytdbkcsJEuL3uIU.LC3jilKUS.jiSQicoERtLoukB2pTWqIuYRcR5E.yltgQruInk_Ld1sWLzE_XPLyBo5UGgpaBw5Arb9U1rajm1g6fQWCDeee_Vmuj6oFg7chv.nCPujUK.SN_x7321KrLbA_cPhajFdEVyQBmjaz.A0cdxKXTmYk_UQUWhDouiXut01ZZGMb7d8t.uZGAGGsJLXCR_QcF5kwpYN0AimJFhyXufR.r_54w8NAnyo1TP3g4rjaxAhWYaLzUSHjbT7U0agiED8LVIr12czPw8B3HbIi6oLUt5W5uTyxgJPpY7d9Hmt1KSdCF2nqem9wt6myi8TX3QINx3LoRTvt81ufBc6fylEDJMQQmzDh3RMwHmO.Z.eIbYXVGr9AF3DpWzmac2mmRKaNyEte3c4BtqP9eQkAuaJ17osqqSs1FWYT4dpy6l25HA7XNge_1wU59sKfmVQxYTH4M7CJozNl7ay5lC89mHX2UDlA57Qr_Sn_VroCitXS03dvMo6zyX1U6nZc9viyOx8k33tF5clDF0ca5iRiawO4lhcPVz2gWoKZ4lUkxOiwbSKcaJO1Vr1IS7ZLPAYkAFU7KyZk1SvqUkm_wjNs4NwfLtthrK9xw0oNH7geo4P8dK_XXTA71O.kpaXL5OoH9G0ZJ4rh2eAyefTPJVkX8EdTpnF7.rLTeM1iO2ccB_5HCL4oSSFMXF_SSV8aUb7g4_OVrZUORuD7IXPiDnEN7.O9n.8NvLpzNnLfzjNgAX862ZpB683J08wPMsdwkZ.zD.bNPXmv9UKW63FF7W53fWZPvFK49WDANI11YLwrlTbT95KxuczzTjYFb7bHFYdVs7GWOFdOGKcw9HY7yqe9DSRu30zUjIMpMb9A1",mdrd: "dDGnY3zFAsUoEkC3cQOyOMWhSHgcGc5LsCV4qraWlT8-1740043341-1.2.1.1-rpsik_5cM5TppXMfq58FgSYfRQ1zhAkP4cya_rALqI7jbwtvpZEyC3pZG_SAKLWZsUCpLIMFNZR0rfD91TGS_oVNBXiKdbEHroMcOa8Z3zZ2DTk1JIq_DdKr.rnV9_w.uyqDOG4fk6TQ8JgWMWJgXvMP4qD7Iel9DNl86OGQw04ifRgkUferFf0F7OxytHzt60tjGgwad1SRrD0ZknFgJ0MfchS1B.7q7mmkOAkarr504sfpsr7ecfEnKXROrJOhoHKIKqHXFoeyX.Skb7Fm3NeKpsJ4X_8ibK7gBZ1K8gaqdfQXSLi3MCIn3J2dz.gWnXUWH7y7lCh9AvXcUcMhoRwyxCPSUkWew..UDaJmcg3HrTTSqS9e0l_iBwMJlrxJ9sx5Hn_oF2D2UxvuDSTxVexfIQb3enKltCv0zDKUgvbFzBJGKMIggvVsbSRjZ5vXR2HXxOuvoVFLYv0M.2OlS36RHeHTZ9eqBVqVVMoEA.NmzW3L8nAXLzztHeff18BjeSJCIDxP5JhRB.9I1qOUhRF6PXQfP2ApQE.UqzLWeRJlvb6fnuYgItLpnrnkTa9MVUvXvRBi_Cv4Zj1svrGEIucDELZJvDb4i.8rJSS7c6WW1dxfKmJulJ7Wgd67DC9agFLodZN6Ab5gwRztk2xT.TmryWV_0PFpm8CD1QD4BHJKKJErGcb3O44yw9puf91cT8IBfY0P6.QoO3eZ824hWfzQ7koqRahZGlfuGnRVa_67LkMpBKsZIsd8hP3OMxqT4gXAMRuZfueK8VMpmzzzI8hH6AkARJyY6v5b6eoYz98lqV93Wymvoas.7w_mVhqm_wQk2cs.DChNYn9mc3yoE0BHHPiCWM4O4UOMyUVwemYzIKRlVG17zfY3kz136ElPP2gSHRaXKLaCGYnR6Z3bpF4DEX0RZ6XWD4p2pf13_yghzREWDqc4OiW4DGrtn7.RmduvwrG2cx6Gxetv2.o6s4EoN2ew7s8rq0vaguYphKk_imHRgFfmNHStyIPnPVwqpNgaWhXQCcMokOjPfR8ahaCdqOSm7RdMRkADsJ__QLycytQfdT9saHyhpHwbhR0XeM_hrrfuQiBO3tFnxLxqBJqOGP4RcfNqhPYgwAzebaE6M6ufEWsTwZIvCRkgsrWtY7u1SAtxh8VQ66OVmxr8GnXA7TjVqaktU8Ang3uSNqtv7uyjV_8cMqW4.zvFjF3hE.NYGDrgVxFwiJ3E9jq0sU72roASS1CxwvPMZcxytmf8c7OjBR7qGxfMW2m0bd7xXyOqUGT4KYlVK5I0rDeukVMt0MOo05u1IMCMW0U9I4KuPDnqlqLD.QbfWnL4XYBOJhA7IOBtjDSimBkvZm55YzlAuE9iXtw8OX0cKqn1bA738KtzSiU1CUlIvqvDkieqSNxrojFrsejBj7Lgtg5eTZHsn7c.0LUsLzhtrhXEnmsR3rP_xFRi.Dqoa5jkpnN9zrHeX8ctPCIrEADbfddy2TfG.l0QNkdTsWanLSFzApe96N3OzGJ1lSaPy80T_MbmkEW.2VoC9uHN1GtsqSvbBwJBFHu4NxvU3anLk5g0g3Q3orIMIFApBCsMlR6EzcCLdhq7IVlFa5sCQE9.5Xko6Xebnv2sshNdzD8upQeo10FrGImP96CmzHQ1E96DC1oDtrK_STREZfvNUMwQrxseoVPsqUDflcczjN285t0UTeSxHjWAP2lasWfdm6izUV9BZdVhT58LXVRttLG4fCFi69AR_eHikL_89GQW1uMlycfCA.1Mt03WW2sroDwbDvEPBDEdgpFattvJ2AiPxNlBKS2ezDC2nAYFr05E577JAfWuYhO91p66P9sBaneNFIBfGc721VXGcABY8sGIfG4urRqwuXkovuqPCYMLOr.sfL.Vu5SHKB73KDy9Y6FnaIEFgkvjtEpR_sGR7l9OBbODvu4GomZAGirzRJu.hLDUaZDrk7BfUTmwYPauqr2gu2rUMPWSsS2lOjUo5Ml9kCNJYg"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=914d6e82b8f68249';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=Wang&__cf_chl_rt_tk=KUt8QAIcimADPLVzw0IYMdHNpaumXJDLwnM4CtO.9Sk-1740043341-1.0.1.1-T_7qJqWaDdVHkhZuugJWh1nIf9NoHHH0Bm1L3rPi6r4" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>