Protected Audience API: developer guide | Privacy Sandbox

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<li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="//privacysandbox.com/" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Home" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Home </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-mobile-nav-bottom"> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="_book"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>About private advertising</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Start your integration</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Web</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/web" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/web" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/web" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/web/chrome-facilitated-testing" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/web/chrome-facilitated-testing" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/web/chrome-facilitated-testing" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Chrome-facilitated testing</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/web/relevance-testing" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/web/relevance-testing" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/web/relevance-testing" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Relevance APIs testing guidance</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Android</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/setup" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/setup" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/setup" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Set up your development environment</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/setup-api-access" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/setup-api-access" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/setup-api-access" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure AdServices</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/download" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/download" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/download" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Set up a device or emulator image</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/setup-device-access" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/setup-device-access" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/setup-device-access" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure devices to use Privacy Sandbox on Android</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/troubleshooting" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/troubleshooting" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/troubleshooting" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Troubleshoot your setup</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Enrollment</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/enrollment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/enrollment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/enrollment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Enroll your platform with Privacy Sandbox</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/enrollment/faqs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/enrollment/faqs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/enrollment/faqs" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Frequently asked questions</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Ads lifecycle</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/manage-ad-audience" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/manage-ad-audience" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/manage-ad-audience" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Audiences</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/manage-ad-auctions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/manage-ad-auctions" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/manage-ad-auctions" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Auctions</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/measure-ad-performance" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/measure-ad-performance" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/measure-ad-performance" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Performance</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Topics</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/why-topics" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/why-topics" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/why-topics" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Why do we need Topics</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Topics API for Web</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/setup" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/setup" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/setup" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Setup</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/implement" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/implement" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/implement" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Implement Topics</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/test-and-go-live" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/test-and-go-live" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/test-and-go-live" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Test & go live</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/tooling" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/tooling" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/tooling" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Tooling</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/controls" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/controls" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/controls" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Customization & opt-out</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/support" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/support" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/support" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Support</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable devsite-nav-experimental"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Topics API for Android</span><span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="experimental" data-title="Experimental!" aria-hidden="true"></span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/android" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/android" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/android" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/android/implement" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/android/implement" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/android/implement" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Implement Topics</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/android/controls" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/android/controls" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/android/controls" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Customization & opt-out</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Protected Audience</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Web</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/feature-status" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/feature-status" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/feature-status" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Status of pending API capabilities</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Developer guide</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/protected-audience-experiment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/protected-audience-experiment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/protected-audience-experiment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Experiment</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/ad-auction" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/ad-auction" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/ad-auction" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Seller guide - Run ad auctions</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/reporting" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/reporting" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/reporting" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Auction reporting</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/guide/reporting-id" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/guide/reporting-id" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/guide/reporting-id" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Reporting IDs</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/latency" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/latency" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/latency" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Improve auction latency</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/reports" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/reports" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/reports" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Report on auction results</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sequential-auction-setup" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sequential-auction-setup" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sequential-auction-setup" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Sequential auction setup with header bidding and multi-seller Protected Audience auction</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/troubleshoot" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/troubleshoot" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/troubleshoot" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Troubleshoot</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/opt-out" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/opt-out" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/opt-out" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Opt out</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/k-anonymity" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/k-anonymity" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/k-anonymity" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>K-anonymity</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/publisher-guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/publisher-guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/publisher-guide" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Publisher guide</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/define-audience-data" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/define-audience-data" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/define-audience-data" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Define audience data</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/update-audience-data" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/update-audience-data" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/update-audience-data" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Update audience data and refresh ads</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/delegate-audience-management" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/delegate-audience-management" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/delegate-audience-management" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Delegate audience management to a third-party</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/configure-auction" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/configure-auction" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/configure-auction" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Set up an ad auction on the publisher's page</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/single-seller-auction" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/single-seller-auction" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/single-seller-auction" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Run a browser based auction with a single seller</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/multi-seller-auction" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/multi-seller-auction" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/multi-seller-auction" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Run a browser based auction with multiple sellers</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/sequential-auction" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/sequential-auction" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/sequential-auction" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Sequential auction setup with contextual ad auction</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/render-ad" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/render-ad" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/render-ad" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Render an ad</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/bid-in-auction-ad-slot" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/bid-in-auction-ad-slot" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/bid-in-auction-ad-slot" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Bid in an auction to buy an ad slot</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-external"><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1b6YlL5CFVfCo6hHMqfOYp2WJNdsBTSvM4eayrmbm7e4/view" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1b6YlL5CFVfCo6hHMqfOYp2WJNdsBTSvM4eayrmbm7e4/view" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1b6YlL5CFVfCo6hHMqfOYp2WJNdsBTSvM4eayrmbm7e4/view" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>API walkthrough</span><span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="external" data-title="External" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics-in-audiences" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics-in-audiences" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics-in-audiences" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Use Topics to target an audience</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Use cases</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/use-case/deals" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/use-case/deals" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/use-case/deals" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deals</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/pace-ad-delivery" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/pace-ad-delivery" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/pace-ad-delivery" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Pace ad delivery by frequency</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Android</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/mediation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/mediation" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/mediation" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Mediation</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/frequency-capping" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/frequency-capping" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/frequency-capping" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Frequency capping</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/appinstall-filtering" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/appinstall-filtering" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/appinstall-filtering" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>App install ads filtering</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Developer guide</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Protected Audience developer guide</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide/fetch-and-join" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide/fetch-and-join" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide/fetch-and-join" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Join Custom Audience Delegation</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide/profiling" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide/profiling" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide/profiling" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Profile a Protected Audience auction</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide/debug-reporting" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide/debug-reporting" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide/debug-reporting" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Debug reporting</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide/inspect_audiences_cli" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide/inspect_audiences_cli" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide/inspect_audiences_cli" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Inspect custom audiences on the command line</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/integration-guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/integration-guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/integration-guide" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Integration guide</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="https://developer.android.com/design-for-safety/privacy-sandbox/reference/packages" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: https://developer.android.com/design-for-safety/privacy-sandbox/reference/packages" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/design-for-safety/privacy-sandbox/reference/packages" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>API reference</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Protected App Signals</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/protected-app-signals" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/protected-app-signals" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/protected-app-signals" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview for Android</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/protected-app-signals-developer-guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/protected-app-signals-developer-guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/protected-app-signals-developer-guide" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Developer guide</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Bidding and Auction services</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/bidding-and-auction-services" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/bidding-and-auction-services" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/bidding-and-auction-services" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/bidding-and-auction-integration" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/bidding-and-auction-integration" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/bidding-and-auction-integration" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Integration and optimization</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Fenced frames</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/fenced-frame" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/fenced-frame" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/fenced-frame" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview for Web</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Attribution Reporting</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Web</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-updates" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-updates" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-updates" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>API updates</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/chrome-shipping" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/chrome-shipping" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/chrome-shipping" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Why Chrome shipped the Attribution Reporting API</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/system-overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/system-overview" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/system-overview" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>System overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/summary-reports" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/summary-reports" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/summary-reports" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Generate summary reports</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/report-schedules" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/report-schedules" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/report-schedules" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Report schedules</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/constraints" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/constraints" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/constraints" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Constraints</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Developer guide</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/dev-guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/dev-guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/dev-guide" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/getting-started" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/getting-started" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/getting-started" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Get started</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/register-attribution-source" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/register-attribution-source" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/register-attribution-source" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Register an attribution source</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/register-attribution-trigger" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/register-attribution-trigger" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/register-attribution-trigger" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Register triggers</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/enable-conversion-measurement" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/enable-conversion-measurement" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/enable-conversion-measurement" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Enable conversion measurement</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/change-attribution-logic" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/change-attribution-logic" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/change-attribution-logic" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Change attribution logic</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/define-filters" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/define-filters" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/define-filters" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Define filters</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/prevent-duplication" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/prevent-duplication" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/prevent-duplication" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Prevent duplication</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/custom-report-windows" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/custom-report-windows" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/custom-report-windows" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Custom report windows</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-debugging" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-debugging" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-debugging" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Introduction to debug reports</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-debugging/part-2" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-debugging/part-2" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-debugging/part-2" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Set up debug reports</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-debugging/part-3" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-debugging/part-3" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-debugging/part-3" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Debugging cookbook</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/summary-reports-intro" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/summary-reports-intro" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/summary-reports-intro" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Introduction to summary reports</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/contribution-budget" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/contribution-budget" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/contribution-budget" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Contribution budget</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/aggregation-keys" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/aggregation-keys" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/aggregation-keys" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Aggregation keys</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/understanding-noise" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/understanding-noise" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/understanding-noise" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Understand noise</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/working-with-noise" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/working-with-noise" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/working-with-noise" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Work with noise</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/design-decisions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/design-decisions" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/design-decisions" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Noiselab</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/measurement-implementation-guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/measurement-implementation-guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/measurement-implementation-guide" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Measurement implementation guide</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/measurement-testing-guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/measurement-testing-guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/measurement-testing-guide" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Measurement testing guide</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-data-clearing" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-data-clearing" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-data-clearing" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Data clearing</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/cross-web-app" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/cross-web-app" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/cross-web-app" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Cross app and web measurement</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Android</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/attribution-app-to-web" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/attribution-app-to-web" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/attribution-app-to-web" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Cross app and web measurement</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/simulation-library" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/simulation-library" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/simulation-library" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Measurement Simulation Library</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Developer guide</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/developer-guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/developer-guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/developer-guide" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/cross-web-app" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/cross-web-app" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/cross-web-app" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Cross app and web measurement</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/xna-examples" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/xna-examples" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/xna-examples" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Cross-network attribution examples</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/integration-guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/integration-guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/integration-guide" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Integration guide</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="https://developer.android.com/design-for-safety/privacy-sandbox/reference/packages" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: https://developer.android.com/design-for-safety/privacy-sandbox/reference/packages" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/design-for-safety/privacy-sandbox/reference/packages" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>API reference</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Private Aggregation</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview for Web</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/fundamentals" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/fundamentals" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/fundamentals" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Fundamentals</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/private-aggregation-experiment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/private-aggregation-experiment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/private-aggregation-experiment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Experiment</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Use cases</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/unique-reach" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/unique-reach" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/unique-reach" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Measure unique reach</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/k-freq-reach" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/k-freq-reach" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/k-freq-reach" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Measure K+ frequency reach</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/user-demographics" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/user-demographics" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/user-demographics" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Measure user demographic</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/multi-touch-attribution" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/multi-touch-attribution" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/multi-touch-attribution" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Multi-touch attribution</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Aggregation Service</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/get-started" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/get-started" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/get-started" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Get Started</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/coordinators-ags-purpose" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/coordinators-ags-purpose" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/coordinators-ags-purpose" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Coordinator's Purpose In Aggregation Service</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/privacy-protection-report-strategy" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/privacy-protection-report-strategy" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/privacy-protection-report-strategy" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Privacy Protections & Report Strategy</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/operate-ags" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/operate-ags" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/operate-ags" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Operate Aggregation Service</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/receive-store-aggregatable-reports" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/receive-store-aggregatable-reports" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/receive-store-aggregatable-reports" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Receive & Store Aggregatable Reports</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/understand-ags-api" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/understand-ags-api" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/understand-ags-api" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Understand the API</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/batch-strategies" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/batch-strategies" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/batch-strategies" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Batch Strategies</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/load-testing-framework" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/load-testing-framework" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/load-testing-framework" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Load Testing Framework</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/tos" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/tos" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/tos" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Terms of Service</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Shared Storage</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview for Web</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage/content-selection" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage/content-selection" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage/content-selection" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>URL selection</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a 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class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>SDK Runtime</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview for Android</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime/ui-presentation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime/ui-presentation" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" 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</devsite-feedback> <h1 class="devsite-page-title" tabindex="-1"> Protected Audience API: developer guide </h1> <devsite-feature-tooltip ack-key="AckCollectionsBookmarkTooltipDismiss" analytics-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" analytics-action-show="Callout Profile displayed" analytics-action-close="Callout Profile dismissed" analytics-label="Create Collection Callout" class="devsite-page-bookmark-tooltip nocontent" dismiss-button="true" id="devsite-collections-dropdown" dismiss-button-text="Dismiss" close-button-text="Got it"> <devsite-bookmark></devsite-bookmark> <span slot="popout-heading"> Stay organized with collections </span> <span slot="popout-contents"> Save and categorize content based on your preferences. </span> </devsite-feature-tooltip> <div class="devsite-page-title-meta"><devsite-view-release-notes></devsite-view-release-notes></div> <devsite-toc class="devsite-nav" depth="2" devsite-toc-embedded > </devsite-toc> <div class="devsite-article-body clearfix "> <p>Developer guide for on-device ad auctions to serve remarketing and custom audiences, without cross-site third-party tracking.</p> <aside class="note"><b>Update:</b> FLEDGE has been renamed to Protected Audience API. To learn more about the name change, see the <a href="https://privacysandbox.com/intl/en_us/news/protected-audience-api-our-new-name-for-fledge">blog post</a>.</aside> <p><aside class="key-point"><b>Key point:</b> The Privacy Sandbox Relevance and Measurement origin trial ended September 20, 2023 and the APIs are now available for 99% of Chrome users, and origin trial enrollment has closed. To keep abreast of the percentage of users each API is enabled for, refer to the <a href="https://pscs.glitch.me/">Chrome status graphs</a>.</aside></p> <p>For those new to the Protected Audience API, read the <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience">Protected Audience API overview</a> for a high-level explanation of the API.</p> <p>This post is written for developers as a technical reference for the most recent iteration of the experimental Protected Audience API. A <a href="#demo">demo</a> of a basic Protected Audience API deployment is available, as are <a href="#api-reference">API references for ad buyers and sellers</a>.</p> <h2 id="implementation_status" data-text="Implementation status" tabindex="-1">Implementation status</h2> <ul> <li>The <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/blob/master/FLEDGE.md">Protected Audience API proposal</a> is now <a href="/privacy-sandbox/blog/privacy-sandbox-launch">moving to general availability</a>. <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/issues">Raise questions and follow discussion</a>.</li> <li><a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api/feature-status">Protected Audience API status of pending capabilities</a> details changes and enhancements to the Protected Audience API API and features.</li> <li><a href="https://groups.google.com/a/chromium.org/g/blink-dev/search?q=fledge">Blink status</a></li> <li><a href="https://chromestatus.com/feature/5733583115255808">Protected Audience API Chrome platform status</a>: Specific to the Protected Audience API on Chrome.</li> <li><a href="https://chromestatus.com/feature/5100526168440832">Ads API Chrome platform status</a>: A collection of APIs to facilitate advertising: Protected Audience API, Topics, Fenced Frames and Attribution Reporting.</li> </ul> <p>To be notified of status changes in the API, join the <a href="https://groups.google.com/u/3/a/chromium.org/g/fledge-api-announce">mailing list for developers</a>.</p> <h2 id="what" data-text="What is the Protected Audience API?" tabindex="-1">What is the Protected Audience API?</h2> <p>The Protected Audience API is a <a href="/privacy-sandbox/overview">Privacy Sandbox</a> API designed to serve <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience#remarketing">remarketing</a> and custom audience use cases, designed so that it cannot be used by third parties to track user browsing behavior across sites. The API enables on-device auctions by the browser, to choose relevant ads for websites the user has previously visited.</p> <p>The Protected Audience API is the first experiment to be implemented in Chromium within the <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove">TURTLEDOVE</a> family of proposals.</p> <h2 id="try-fledge" data-text="Try the Protected Audience API" tabindex="-1">Try the Protected Audience API</h2> <h3 id="api-reference" data-text="Available API reference" tabindex="-1">Available API reference</h3> <p>This document serves as an overview of the Protected Audience API. If you're looking for specific API methods and parameters:</p> <ul> <li>Buyers guide for <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api/interest-groups"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">joinAdInterestGroup()</code> and <code translate="no" dir="ltr">generateBid()</code></a>.</li> <li>Seller's guide for the Protected Audience API <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api/ad-auction"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">runAdAuction()</code></a></li> <li>Buyers guide to <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api/reports"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">reportWin()</code></a> and sellers guide to <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api/reports"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">reportResult()</code></a></li> <li><a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api/troubleshoot">Troubleshoot the Protected Audience API</a></li> </ul> <p>You can also read <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api/latency">Protected Audience API ad auction latency best practices</a>.</p> <h3 id="demo" data-text="Protected Audience API demo" tabindex="-1">Protected Audience API demo</h3> <p>A walk-through of a basic Protected Audience API deployment across advertiser and publisher sites is available at <a href="https://protected-audience-demo.web.app/">protected-audience-demo.web.app/</a>.</p> <figure> <devsite-video video-id="znDD0gkdJyM"></devsite-video> <figcaption>Watch this end-to-end deployment to learn how the Protected Audience API demo code works and how to use Chrome DevTools for debugging.</figcaption> </figure> <h3 id="flags" data-text="Test this API" tabindex="-1">Test this API</h3> <p>You can test the Protected Audience API for a single user in Chrome Beta 101.0.4951.26 and above on desktop:</p> <ul> <li>Enable all the Ad privacy APIs under <code translate="no" dir="ltr">chrome://settings/adPrivacy</code>.</li> <li><a href="https://www.chromium.org/developers/how-tos/run-chromium-with-flags">Set flags from the command line</a>. The full list of available Protected Audience API flags can be found in <a href="https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:chrome/browser/about_flags.cc;l=7135;drc=e50bce9adfbbac13d8ec1017f9239fe1ae06cc72">Chromium Code Search</a>.</li> </ul> <h4 id="render_ads_in_iframes_or_fenced_frames" data-text="Render ads in iframes or fenced frames" tabindex="-1">Render ads in iframes or fenced frames</h4> <p>Ads can be rendered in an <code translate="no" dir="ltr"><iframe></code> or a <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/fenced-frame"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"><fencedframe></code></a>, depending on which flags are set.</p> <p>To use <code translate="no" dir="ltr"><fencedframe></code> to render ads:</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Text only"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">--enable-features=InterestGroupStorage,AdInterestGroupAPI,Fledge,FencedFrames </code></pre></devsite-code> <p>To use <code translate="no" dir="ltr"><iframe></code> to render ads:</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Text only"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">--enable-features=InterestGroupStorage,AdInterestGroupAPI,Fledge,AllowURNsInIframes --disable-features=FencedFrames </code></pre></devsite-code> <p>Include the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">BiddingAndScoringDebugReportingAPI</code> flag to enable <a href="/privacy-sandbox/blog/fledge-api#temporary-reporting">temporary debug loss/win reporting methods</a>.</p> <aside class="note"><b>Note:</b> This is an in-progress version of the Protected Audience API for early testing. It shouldn't be considered complete or indicative of the final implementation. Protected Audience API progress and status are discussed in the regular WICG meetings. The <a href="https://privacysandbox.com/timeline">Privacy Sandbox timeline</a> provides implementation timelines for Protected Audience API and other Privacy Sandbox APIs.</aside> <h2 id="supported_features" data-text="Supported features" tabindex="-1">Supported features</h2> <p>Protected Audience API behind feature flags in Chromium is a first experiment to test the following features of the Protected Audience API:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Interest groups</strong>: stored by the browser, with associated metadata to configure ad bidding and rendering.</li> <li><strong>On-device bidding by buyers (DSP or advertiser)</strong>: based on stored interest groups and signals from the seller.</li> <li><strong>On-device ad selection by the seller (SSP or publisher)</strong>: based on auction bids and metadata from buyers.</li> <li><strong>Ad rendering in a temporarily relaxed version of Fenced Frames</strong>: with network access and logging allowed for ad rendering.</li> </ul> <p>Read more about feature support and constraints in the <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/blob/main/FLEDGE.md#summary">Protected Audience API explainer</a>.</p> <h3 id="interest_group_permissions" data-text="Interest group permissions" tabindex="-1">Interest group permissions</h3> <p>The default for the current implementation of the Protected Audience API is to allow calling <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api/interest-groups"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">joinAdInterestGroup()</code></a> from anywhere in a page, even from cross-domain iframes.</p> <p>In the future, once site owners have had time to update their cross-domain iframe <a href="https://developer.chrome.com/articles/permissions-policy/">permissions policies</a>, the plan is to disallow calls from cross-domain iframes.</p> <h3 id="keyvalue-service" data-text="Key/Value service" tabindex="-1">Key/Value service</h3> <p>To support the Protected Audience API ad auction, the browser can access a <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/blob/main/FLEDGE_Key_Value_Server_API.md">key/value service</a> to retrieve real-time information which supports the Protected Audience API ad auction. This information could be used in a number ways:</p> <ul> <li>Buyers may want to calculate the remaining budget in an ad campaign.</li> <li>Sellers may be required to check ad creatives against publisher policies.</li> </ul> <p>The <a href="https://github.com/privacysandbox/fledge-key-value-service">Protected Audience API key/value service code</a> is now available. Check out the <a href="/privacy-sandbox/blog/open-sourcing-fledge-key-value-service">announcement blog post</a> for the status update.</p> <p>For initial testing, a "<a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/blob/main/FLEDGE.md#3-buyers-provide-ads-and-bidding-functions-byos-for-now">Bring Your Own Server</a>" model was introduced. In the long-term, ad techs will need to use the open-source Protected Audience API Key/Value services running in trusted execution environments.</p> <p>Refer to the <a href="/privacy-sandbox/blog/fledge-service-overview#timeline">Protected Audience API services blog post</a> for timeline updates. We'll provide substantial notice for developers to begin testing and adoption before this transition takes place.</p> <h3 id="detect_feature_support" data-text="Detect feature support" tabindex="-1">Detect feature support</h3> <p>Before using the API, check if it's supported by the browser and available in the document:</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="JavaScript"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"><span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'joinAdInterestGroup'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-ow">in</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">navigator</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>&& <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nb">document</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">featurePolicy</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">allowsFeature</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'join-ad-interest-group'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">)</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>&& <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nb">document</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">featurePolicy</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">allowsFeature</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'run-ad-auction'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">)</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">?</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">console</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">log</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'navigator.joinAdInterestGroup() is supported on this page'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">)</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">:</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">console</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">log</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'navigator.joinAdInterestGroup() is not supported on this page'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">);</span> </code></pre></devsite-code> <aside class="caution"><b>Caution:</b> Feature support on the current page isn't a guarantee that an API is usable. The user may have disabled the API via browser settings, or they may have other settings that prevent the API from being used. In order to protect user privacy, there is no way to check for this programmatically.</aside> <h2 id="how" data-text="How does the Protected Audience API work?" tabindex="-1">How does the Protected Audience API work?</h2> <p>In this example, a user browses the website of a custom bike maker, then later visits a news website and is shown an ad for a new bike from the bike maker.</p> <aside class="warning"><b>Warning:</b> Not all features described in this post have been implemented (or fully implemented) in the version of the Protected Audience API currently being tested in Chrome. <a href="#flags">Test with feature flags</a> explains what Protected Audience API features are currently available for testing in Chrome run from the command line.</aside> <p>Features of the Protected Audience API will be added over time as work on implementation progresses.</p> <h3 id="1_a_user_visits_an_advertiser_site" data-text="1. A user visits an advertiser site" tabindex="-1">1. A user visits an advertiser site</h3> <figure> <img src="/static/privacy-sandbox/assets/images/a-person-visiting-custom-2ca7094e57259.png" alt="A person visiting a custom bike manufacturer site in a browser on their laptop." width="400" height="190"> </figure> <p>Imagine that a user visits the website of a custom bike maker (the advertiser) in this example) and spends some time on the product page for a handmade steel bike. This provides the bike maker with a <a href="/privacy-sandbox/resources/glossary#remarketing">remarketing</a> opportunity.</p> <h3 id="joinadinterestgroup" data-text="2. The user's browser is asked to add an interest group" tabindex="-1">2. The user's browser is asked to add an interest group</h3> <figure> <img src="/static/privacy-sandbox/assets/images/a-user-opens-browser-th-6c2a4e6d97af7.png" alt="A user opens a browser on their laptop and visits a site. JavaScript code for joining ad interest groups is running in the browser." width="400" height="187"> </figure> <p>The advertiser's demand-side platform (DSP) (or the advertiser itself) calls <code translate="no" dir="ltr">navigator.joinAdInterestGroup()</code> to ask the browser to add an interest group to the list of groups the browser is a member of.</p> <p>In this example, the group is named <code translate="no" dir="ltr">custom-bikes</code>, and the owner is <code translate="no" dir="ltr">dsp.example</code>. The interest group owner (in this case, the DSP) will be a buyer in the Protected Audience API ad auction. Interest group membership is stored by the browser, on the user's device, and is not shared with the browser vendor or anyone else.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Read the Protected Audience API explainer</strong>: <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/blob/main/FLEDGE.md#1-browsers-record-interest-groups">Browsers Record Interest Groups</a>.</li> <li><strong>Read the API guide</strong>: buyers and DSPs, learn how to <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api/interest-groups"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">joinAdInterestGroup()</code></a> and generate bids.</li> </ul> <aside class="note"><b>Note:</b> The origin of the calling context for <code translate="no" dir="ltr">joinAdInterestGroup()</code> must match the interest group owner's origin. <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api/interest-groups"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">joinAdInterestGroup()</code></a> must be called from an iframe owned by the interest group owner (for example, from a DSP). If the origin of the current document is the same as the interest group owner (for example, a website with its own interest groups), no iframe is needed.</aside> <h4 id="specify_ads_for_an_interest_group" data-text="Specify ads for an interest group" tabindex="-1">Specify ads for an interest group</h4> <p><code translate="no" dir="ltr">ads</code> and <code translate="no" dir="ltr">adComponents</code> objects include a URL for an ad creative and, optionally, arbitrary metadata that can be used at bidding time. For example:</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="JavaScript"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"><span class="devsite-syntax-p">{</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">renderUrl</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'https://cdn.example/.../bikeAd1.html'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">,</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">metadata</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">bikeAd1metadata</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-c1">// optional</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-p">}</span> </code></pre></devsite-code> <h4 id="generatebid" data-text="How do buyers make bids?" tabindex="-1">How do buyers make bids?</h4> <p><code translate="no" dir="ltr">generateBid()</code> is called for each interest group that the browser is a member of—if the interest group's owner is invited to bid.</p> <p>Read the <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api/interest-groups#generatebid"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">generatedBid()</code> developer documentation</a>.</p> <h3 id="3_the_user_visits_a_site_that_sells_ad_space" data-text="3. The user visits a site that sells ad space" tabindex="-1">3. The user visits a site that sells ad space</h3> <figure> <img src="/static/privacy-sandbox/assets/images/a-person-visits-news-web-3209fc4021a42.png" alt="A person visits a news website in a browser on their laptop. The site has an empty ad slot." width="400" height="182"> </figure> <p>Later, the user visits a site that sells ads space, in this example a news website. The site has ad inventory, which it sells programmatically with real-time bidding.</p> <h3 id="ad-auction" data-text="4. A ad auction is run in the browser" tabindex="-1">4. A ad auction is run in the browser</h3> <figure> <img src="/static/privacy-sandbox/assets/images/a-person-views-news-webs-32cbfd93dc442.png" alt="A person views a news website in a browser on their laptop. A Protected Audience API ad auction is run to pick an ad for the available ad space." width="400" height="182"> </figure> <p>The ad auction is likely to be run by the publisher's supply-side provider (SSP), or the publisher itself. The purpose of the auction is to select the most appropriate ad for a single available ad slot on the current page. The auction takes into account the interest groups the browser is a member of, along with data from ad-space buyers and the sellers from the <a href="#keyvalue-service">Key/Value services</a>.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Read the Protected Audience API explainer</strong>: <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/blob/main/FLEDGE.md#2-sellers-run-on-device-auctions">Sellers Run On-Device Auctions</a></li> <li><strong>Read the API guide</strong>: sellers can learn more about <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api/ad-auction"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">runAdAuction()</code></a> and the <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api/latency">ad auction latency best practices</a>.</li> </ul> <h3 id="5_the_seller_and_participating_buyers_request_real-time_data_from_the_keyvalue_service" data-text="5. The seller and participating buyers request real-time data from the Key/Value service" tabindex="-1">5. The seller and participating buyers request real-time data from the Key/Value service</h3> <figure> <img src="/static/privacy-sandbox/assets/images/the-user-views-news-webs-6969c01094b4.png" alt="The user views a news website in a browser on their laptop. An ad auction using the Protected Audience API is taking place, with a participant getting data from the Key/Value service." width="400" height="126"> </figure> <p>During an ad auction, the seller can request real-time data about specific ad creatives by making a request to their <a href="#keyvalue-service">Key/Value service</a>. The seller can request this information during <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api/ad-auction"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">runAdAuction()</code></a> by the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">trustedScoringSignalsUrl</code> property, along with the keys from the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">renderUrl</code> properties of all entries in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">ads</code> and <code translate="no" dir="ltr">adComponents</code> fields of all interest groups in the auction.</p> <p>A buyer can request real-time data from their Key/Value service using the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">trustedBiddingSignalsUrl</code> and <code translate="no" dir="ltr">trustedBiddingSignalsKeys</code> properties of the interest group argument passed to <code translate="no" dir="ltr">navigator.joinAdInterestGroup()</code>.</p> <p>When <code translate="no" dir="ltr">runAdAuction()</code> is called, the browser makes a request to each ad buyer's trusted server. The URL for the request might look like this:</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="JavaScript"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">https</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-c1">//kv-service.example/getvalues?hostname=publisher.example&keys=key1,key2</span> </code></pre></devsite-code> <ul> <li>The base URL comes from <code translate="no" dir="ltr">trustedBiddingSignalsUrl</code>.</li> <li>The <code translate="no" dir="ltr">hostname</code> is provided by the browser.</li> <li>The <code translate="no" dir="ltr">keys</code> value is taken from <code translate="no" dir="ltr">trustedBiddingSignalsKeys</code>.</li> </ul> <p>The response to this request is a JSON object providing values for each of the keys.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Read the Protected Audience API explainer</strong>: <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/blob/main/FLEDGE.md#31-fetching-real-time-data-from-a-trusted-server">Fetching Real-Time Data from the Protected Audience API Key/Value service</a>.</li> <li>Read <strong><a href="/privacy-sandbox/blog/open-sourcing-fledge-key-value-service">open sourcing the Protected Audience API Key/Value service</a></strong>.</li> </ul> <aside class="key-point"><b>Key point:</b> While in the initial experimental phase of testing the Protected Audience API, <code translate="no" dir="ltr">trustedBiddingSignalsUrl</code> must have the same origin as the interest group owner. Learn more in <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/blob/main/FLEDGE.md#:~:text=bring%20your%20own%20server">Bring Your Own Server</a>.</aside> <h3 id="6_the_winning_ad_is_displayed" data-text="6. The winning ad is displayed" tabindex="-1">6. The winning ad is displayed</h3> <figure> <img src="/static/privacy-sandbox/assets/images/a-person-views-news-webs-2dc1236041c17.png" alt="A person views a news website in a browser on their laptop. An ad for 20% off a bike is displayed in a secure fenced frame." width="400" height="192"> </figure> <p>The promise returned by <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api/ad-auction">runAdAuction()</a> resolves to a fenced frame config object (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">FencedFrameConfig</code>) when the<code translate="no" dir="ltr">resolveToConfig</code> flag is set to <code translate="no" dir="ltr">true</code> in the auction config. The frame config is used by a fenced frame to navigate the frame to the winning ad, but the URL of the ad is not visible to the frame embedder.</p> <aside class="note"><b>Note:</b> The <code translate="no" dir="ltr">FencedFrameConfig</code> object is returned only when the flag <code translate="no" dir="ltr">resolveToConfig</code> is set to <code translate="no" dir="ltr">true</code> in the auction config. If the flag is not set, or is <code translate="no" dir="ltr">false</code>, an opaque <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_Resource_Name">URN</a> will be returned which can only be rendered in an iframe.</aside> <p>Fenced frame config object is available starting from M114. For more on the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">FencedFrameConfig</code> object, see the <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/fenced-frame">Chrome blog article</a>. </p> <ul> <li><strong>Read the Protected Audience API explainer</strong>: <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/blob/main/FLEDGE.md#4-browsers-render-the-winning-ad">browsers render the winning ad</a></li> </ul> <h3 id="7_the_auction_result_is_reported" data-text="7. The auction result is reported" tabindex="-1">7. The auction result is reported</h3> <p>The long-term plan is to allow the browser to report auction results for the seller and buyers using the <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/private-aggregation">Private Aggregation APIs</a>.</p> <p>As a temporary event-level reporting mechanism, the code implementing <code translate="no" dir="ltr">reportResult()</code> for the seller, and <code translate="no" dir="ltr">reportWin()</code> for the winning bidder, can call the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">sendReportTo()</code> function. This takes a single argument: a string representing a URL that is fetched after the auction completes, which encodes event-level information to be reported.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Read the API guide</strong>: learn about <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api/reports">seller and buyer reporting</a></li> </ul> <h3 id="8_an_ad_click_is_reported" data-text="8. An ad click is reported" tabindex="-1">8. An ad click is reported</h3> <figure> <img src="/static/privacy-sandbox/assets/images/a-person-clicks-an-ad-a-be2111724646f.png" alt="A person clicks on an ad for a bike, embedded with a fenced frame, on a news website. The report data is sent to seller and buyers." width="600" height="220"> </figure> <p>A click on an ad rendered in a fenced frame is reported. To learn more about how this might work, see <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/blob/main/Fenced_Frames_Ads_Reporting.md#reportevent">Fenced Frames Ads Reporting</a>.</p> <hr> <figure> <a href="/static/privacy-sandbox/assets/images/an-overview-each-stage-c8bac3c2c070f.png"> <img src="/static/privacy-sandbox/assets/images/an-overview-each-stage-c8bac3c2c070f.png" alt="An overview of each stage of a Protected Audience API ad auction" width="800" height="481"> </a> <figcaption>This diagram outlines each stage of a Protected Audience API auction.</figcaption> </figure> <h3 id="what_is_the_difference_between_the_protected_audience_api_and_turtledove" data-text="What is the difference between the Protected Audience API and TURTLEDOVE?" tabindex="-1">What is the difference between the Protected Audience API and TURTLEDOVE?</h3> <p>The Protected Audience API is the first experiment to be implemented in Chromium within the TURTLEDOVE family of proposals.</p> <p>The Protected Audience API follows TURTLEDOVE's high-level principles. Some online advertising has been based on showing an ad to a potentially-interested person who has previously interacted with the advertiser or ad network. Historically this has worked by the advertiser recognizing a specific person as they browse across web sites, a core privacy concern with today's web.</p> <p>The TURTLEDOVE effort is about offering a new API to address this use case while offering some key privacy advances:</p> <ul> <li>The browser, not the advertiser, holds the information about what the advertiser thinks a person is interested in.</li> <li>Advertisers can serve ads based on an interest, but cannot combine that interest with other information about a person—in particular, who they are or what page they are visiting.</li> </ul> <p>The Protected Audience API grew out of TURTLEDOVE and a collection of related proposals for modifications to better served the developers who would be using the API:</p> <ul> <li>In <a href="https://github.com/WICG/sparrow">SPARROW</a>: <a href="https://www.admonsters.com/what-is-sparrow/">Criteo</a> proposed the addition of a ("Gatekeeper") service model running in a <a href="https://github.com/privacysandbox/fledge-docs/blob/main/trusted_services_overview.md#trusted-execution-environment">trusted execution environment (TEE)</a>. The Protected Audience API includes a more limited use of TEEs, for real-time data lookup and aggregated reporting.</li> <li>NextRoll's <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/blob/main/TERN.md">TERN</a> and Magnite's <a href="https://github.com/prebid/identity-gatekeeper/blob/master/proposals/PARRROT.md">PARRROT</a> proposals described the different roles that buyers and sellers had in the on-device auction. The Protected Audience API's ad bidding/scoring flow is based on this work.</li> <li>RTB House's <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/blob/main/OUTCOME_BASED.md">Outcome-based</a> and <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/blob/main/PRODUCT_LEVEL.md">Product-level</a> TURTLEDOVE modifications improved the anonymity model and personalization capabilities of the on-device auction</li> <li><a href="https://github.com/WICG/privacy-preserving-ads/tree/main">PARAKEET</a> is Microsoft's proposal for a TURTLEDOVE-like ad service that relies on a proxy server running in a TEE between the browser and the ad tech providers, to anonymize ad requests and enforce privacy properties. The Protected Audience API has not adopted this proxying model. We are bringing the JavaScript APIs for PARAKEET and the Protected Audience API into alignment, in support of future work to further combine the best features of both proposals.</li> </ul> <p>The Protected Audience API does not yet prevent a website's ad network from learning which ads a person sees. We expect to modify the API to become more private over time.</p> <h3 id="can_the_topics_api_be_used_with_the_protected_audience_api" data-text="Can the Topics API be used with the Protected Audience API?" tabindex="-1">Can the Topics API be used with the Protected Audience API?</h3> <p>Yes. An observed topic for the current user, provided by the <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/topics">Topics API</a>, could be used as contextual information by a seller or bidder. A topic could be included in the following properties:</p> <ul> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">auctionSignals</code>, a property of the auction configuration object passed to <code translate="no" dir="ltr">navigator.runAdAuction()</code></li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">userBiddingSignals</code>, a property of the interest group configuration object passed to <code translate="no" dir="ltr">navigator.joinAdInterestGroup()</code></li> </ul> <h3 id="user-controls" data-text="Available browser configuration" tabindex="-1">Available browser configuration</h3> <p>Users can adjust their participation for Privacy Sandbox trials in Chrome by enabling or disabling the top-level setting in <code translate="no" dir="ltr">chrome://settings/adPrivacy</code>.</p> <p>During initial testing, people will be able to use this high-level Privacy Sandbox setting to opt-out of the Protected Audience API. Chrome plans to allow users to see and manage the list of interest groups that they have been added to across the web sites they have visited. As with the Privacy Sandbox technologies themselves, user settings may evolve with feedback from users, regulators and others.</p> <p>We'll continue to update the available settings in Chrome <a href="/privacy-sandbox/overview/proposal-lifecycle#collaborate">based on tests and feedback</a>. In the future, we plan to offer more granular settings to manage the Protected Audience API and associated data.</p> <p>API callers can't access group membership when users browse in Incognito mode, and membership is removed when users clear their site data.</p> <h3 id="are_the_protected_audience_worklets_cached_by_the_browser" data-text="Are the Protected Audience worklets cached by the browser?" tabindex="-1">Are the Protected Audience worklets cached by the browser?</h3> <p>The resources that contain the Protected Audience worklets—the buyer's bid generation and reporting worklets, and seller's ad scoring and reporting worklets—are cached by the browser. You can use the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">Cache-Control</code> header to control the caching behavior.</p> <h2 id="engage_and_share_feedback" data-text="Engage and share feedback" tabindex="-1">Engage and share feedback</h2> <h3 id="get-support" data-text="Get support" tabindex="-1">Get support</h3> <p>To ask a questions and get support with your implementation, the demo, or the documentation:</p> <ul> <li><strong>GitHub</strong>: Read the <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/blob/main/FLEDGE.md">explainer</a>, <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/issues">raise questions, and follow discussion</a>.</li> <li><strong>Demo</strong>: Raise an issue on the <a href="https://github.com/GoogleChromeLabs/protected-audience-demo">demo code repository</a>.</li> <li><strong>Developer support</strong>: Ask questions and join discussions on the <a href="https://github.com/GoogleChromeLabs/privacy-sandbox-dev-support">Privacy Sandbox Developer Support repo</a>. Select the issue template for the Protected Audience API.</li> <li><strong>Chrome implementation</strong>: for bugs or issues with Chrome's implementation of the Protected Audience API, you can <a href="https://issues.chromium.org/u/1/issues?q=componentid:1456359">view existing issues</a> or <a href="https://crbug.com/new">raise a new issue</a>.</li> </ul> <p>For more general questions about meeting your needs with the Protected Audience API, <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/issues/new">file an issue on the API repository</a>. You can also discuss industry use cases in the W3C's <a href="https://www.w3.org/community/web-adv/participants">Improving Web Advertising Business Group</a>.</p> <p>Use the Privacy Sandbox <a href="/privacy-sandbox/setup/web/feedback#feedback-form">feedback form</a> to share feedback privately with the Chrome team outside of public forums.</p> <h4 id="opt-out" data-text="Opt-out" tabindex="-1">Opt-out</h4> <p>Want to opt-out of the Protected Audience API? Learn how to <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api/opt-out">block access to the Protected Audience API</a>, as a site owner or an individual user.</p> <h3 id="get_updates" data-text="Get updates" tabindex="-1">Get updates</h3> <ul> <li>For notifications of API status changes, join the <a href="https://groups.google.com/u/3/a/chromium.org/g/fledge-api-announce">mailing list for developers</a>.</li> <li>To closely follow all ongoing discussions on the API, click the <strong>Watch</strong> button on the <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/blob/main/FLEDGE.md">API page on GitHub</a>. This requires you have or <a href="https://docs.github.com/get-started/signing-up-for-github/signing-up-for-a-new-github-account">create a GitHub account</a>.</li> <li>To get overall updates on the Privacy Sandbox, subscribe to the RSS feed [Progress in the Privacy Sandbox].</li> <li><a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/issues/88">Join the scheduled calls for the Protected Audience API</a> (every second week). Everyone is welcome to join—to participate, first make sure to <a href="https://www.w3.org/community/wicg/">join the WICG</a>. 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