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Agbo</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Sylvester Agbo"> <meta name="keywords" content="Sylvester Agbo"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Sylvester Agbo"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 23</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Sylvester Agbo</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> Fracture Toughness Characterizations of Single Edge Notch (SENB) Testing Using DIC System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amr%20Mohamadien">Amr Mohamadien</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Imanpour"> Ali Imanpour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sylvester%20Agbo"> Sylvester Agbo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nader%20Yoosef-Ghodsi"> Nader Yoosef-Ghodsi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samer%20Adeeb"> Samer Adeeb</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The fracture toughness resistance curve (e.g., J-R curve and crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) or δ-R curve) is important in facilitating strain-based design and integrity assessment of oil and gas pipelines. This paper aims to present laboratory experimental data to characterize the fracture behavior of pipeline steel. The influential parameters associated with the fracture of API 5L X52 pipeline steel, including different initial crack sizes, were experimentally investigated for a single notch edge bend (SENB). A total of 9 small-scale specimens with different crack length to specimen depth ratios were conducted and tested using single edge notch bending (SENB). ASTM E1820 and BS7448 provide testing procedures to construct the fracture resistance curve (Load-CTOD, CTOD-R, or J-R) from test results. However, these procedures are limited by standard specimens’ dimensions, displacement gauges, and calibration curves. To overcome these limitations, this paper presents the use of small-scale specimens and a 3D-digital image correlation (DIC) system to extract the parameters required for fracture toughness estimation. Fracture resistance curve parameters in terms of crack mouth open displacement (CMOD), crack tip opening displacement (CTOD), and crack growth length (∆a) were carried out from test results by utilizing the DIC system, and an improved regression fitting resistance function (CTOD Vs. crack growth), or (J-integral Vs. crack growth) that is dependent on a variety of initial crack sizes was constructed and presented. The obtained results were compared to the available results of the classical physical measurement techniques, and acceptable matchings were observed. Moreover, a case study was implemented to estimate the maximum strain value that initiates the stable crack growth. This might be of interest to developing more accurate strain-based damage models. The results of laboratory testing in this study offer a valuable database to develop and validate damage models that are able to predict crack propagation of pipeline steel, accounting for the influential parameters associated with fracture toughness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture%20toughness" title="fracture toughness">fracture toughness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crack%20propagation%20in%20pipeline%20steels" title=" crack propagation in pipeline steels"> crack propagation in pipeline steels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CTOD-R" title=" CTOD-R"> CTOD-R</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strain-based%20damage%20model" title=" strain-based damage model"> strain-based damage model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181490/fracture-toughness-characterizations-of-single-edge-notch-senb-testing-using-dic-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181490.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">63</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Development of a Spatial Data for Renal Registry in Nigeria Health Sector</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adekunle%20Kolawole%20Ojo">Adekunle Kolawole Ojo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Idowu%20Peter%20Adebayo"> Idowu Peter Adebayo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Egwuche%20Sylvester%20O."> Egwuche Sylvester O.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality across developed and developing nations and is associated with increased risk. There are no existing electronic means of capturing and monitoring CKD in Nigeria. The work is aimed at developing a spatial data model that can be used to implement renal registries required for tracking and monitoring the spatial distribution of renal diseases by public health officers and patients. In this study, we have developed a spatial data model for a functional renal registry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renal%20registry" title="renal registry">renal registry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20informatics" title=" health informatics"> health informatics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20kidney%20disease" title=" chronic kidney disease"> chronic kidney disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interface" title=" interface"> interface</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150377/development-of-a-spatial-data-for-renal-registry-in-nigeria-health-sector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150377.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Serious Gaming for Behaviour Change: A Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramy%20Hammady">Ramy Hammady</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sylvester%20Arnab"> Sylvester Arnab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Significant attention has been directed to adopt game interventions practically to change certain behaviours in many disciplines such as health, education, psychology through many years. That’s due to the intrinsic motivation that games can cause and the substantial impact the games can leave on the player. Many review papers were induced to highlight and measure the effectiveness of the game’s interventions on changing behaviours; however, most of these studies neglected the game design process itself and the game features and elements that can stimuli changing behaviours. Therefore, this paper aims to identify the most game design mechanics and features that are the most influencing on changing behaviour during or after games interventions. This paper also sheds light on the theories of changing behaviours that clearly can led the game design process. This study gives directions to game designers to spot the most influential game features and mechanics for changing behaviour games in order to exploit it on the same manner. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behaviour%20change" title="behaviour change">behaviour change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20design" title=" game design"> game design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=serious%20gaming" title=" serious gaming"> serious gaming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gamification" title=" gamification"> gamification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=review" title=" review"> review</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139282/serious-gaming-for-behaviour-change-a-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139282.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">210</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Investigation of Lead and Zinc Oxide Deposits Using Geological and Geophysical Techniques at Oshiri Province in Onicha Local Government Area of Ebonyi State Located Within Southeastern Part of Nigeria, West Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amaechi%20O.%20Azi">Amaechi O. Azi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uche%20D.%20Aluge"> Uche D. Aluge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lim%20H.%20San"> Lim H. San</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Godwin%20A.%20Agbo"> Godwin A. Agbo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is centered on the investigation of mineral deposits in selected locations in Oshiri province in Ebonyi State. Mineral deposits contribute immensely to the economic growth of a society. In researching lead and zinc oxide-bearing sites at Oshiri, geological and geophysical research technique was employed. Petrozenith, Earth Resistivity Meter, and Schlumberger setup were selected to examine the electrical characteristics of the subsurface. To determine the apparent resistivity of the subsurface, five soundings were taken, and the field data were processed using WinResist software. The mudstone, lead-shale, shale-granite, and lateritic topsoil were the four geoelectric strata that were found. The third layer, which corresponds to the shale-lead lithology, has a resistivity value between 211.9 m to 807.7 m at a depth of 25 m. Due to its resistivity levels and geological trend, this layer makes an excellent signature for lead-zinc occurrence. This zone is expected to house deposits of lead and zinc oxide in commercial quantity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Schlumberger" title="Schlumberger">Schlumberger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=current" title=" current"> current</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistivity" title=" resistivity"> resistivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithology" title=" lithology"> lithology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170191/investigation-of-lead-and-zinc-oxide-deposits-using-geological-and-geophysical-techniques-at-oshiri-province-in-onicha-local-government-area-of-ebonyi-state-located-within-southeastern-part-of-nigeria-west-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170191.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">76</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Advancement of Computer Science Research in Nigeria: A Bibliometric Analysis of the Past Three Decades</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Temidayo%20O.%20Omotehinwa">Temidayo O. Omotehinwa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20O.%20Oyewola"> David O. Oyewola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Friday%20J.%20Agbo"> Friday J. Agbo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to gather a proper perspective of the development landscape of Computer Science research in Nigeria. Therefore, a bibliometric analysis of 4,333 bibliographic records of Computer Science research in Nigeria in the last 31 years (1991-2021) was carried out. The bibliographic data were extracted from the Scopus database and analyzed using VOSviewer and the bibliometrix R package through the biblioshiny web interface. The findings of this study revealed that Computer Science research in Nigeria has a growth rate of 24.19%. The most developed and well-studied research areas in the Computer Science field in Nigeria are machine learning, data mining, and deep learning. The social structure analysis result revealed that there is a need for improved international collaborations. Sparsely established collaborations are largely influenced by geographic proximity. The funding analysis result showed that Computer Science research in Nigeria is under-funded. The findings of this study will be useful for researchers conducting Computer Science related research. Experts can gain insights into how to develop a strategic framework that will advance the field in a more impactful manner. Government agencies and policymakers can also utilize the outcome of this research to develop strategies for improved funding for Computer Science research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bibliometric%20analysis" title="bibliometric analysis">bibliometric analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biblioshiny" title=" biblioshiny"> biblioshiny</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20science" title=" computer science"> computer science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=science%20mapping" title=" science mapping"> science mapping</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153781/advancement-of-computer-science-research-in-nigeria-a-bibliometric-analysis-of-the-past-three-decades" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153781.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">112</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Checklist of Odonata of Shasha Forest Reserve, Ife Southern, Osun State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehikhamele%20Isaac%20Erhomosele">Ehikhamele Isaac Erhomosele</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ogbogu%20Sunday%20Sylvester"> Ogbogu Sunday Sylvester</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A biodiversity survey was conducted in Shasha Forest Reserve, Ife southern, Osun State, Nigeria between May 2019 to April 2021 with a view to determining the nature of Odonata fauna of the forest. A total number of 1055 individuals of adult dragonflies and damselflies belonging to 8 families (Aeshnidae, Calopterygidae, Chlorocyphidae, Coenagrionidae, Gomphidae, Lestidae, Libellulidae and Platycnemididae) were recorded. Five (5) of these families of which belong to the suborder Zygoptera, and the remaining three (3) to Anisoptera. Libellulidae was the most abundant family while Gomphidae recorded the least representative. No new species of Odonata was recorded. Most of the families reported were previously been documented in the tropical region. Logging activities and human disturbance have been attributed to the nature of Odonata species in the Forest. It is therefore recommended that logging should be restricted to designated areas of the forest and regulated by the Department of Forestry of Osun State Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources in conjunction with the Federal Ministry of Environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=checklist" title="checklist">checklist</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Odonata" title=" Odonata"> Odonata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shasha" title=" Shasha"> Shasha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=families" title=" families"> families</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173400/checklist-of-odonata-of-shasha-forest-reserve-ife-southern-osun-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173400.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Comparative Growth Rates of Treculia africana Decne: Embryo in Varied Strengths of Murashige and Skoog Basal Medium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Okafor%20C.%20Uche">Okafor C. Uche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agbo%20P.%20Ejiofor"> Agbo P. Ejiofor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Okezie%20C.%20Eziuche"> Okezie C. Eziuche</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study provides a regeneration protocol for <em>Treculia africana</em> Decne (an endangered plant) through embryo culture. Mature zygotic embryos of <em>T. africana</em> were excised from the seeds aseptically and cultured on varied strengths (full, half and quarter) of Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented. All treatments experienced 100±0.00 percent sprouting except for half and quarter strengths. Plantlets in MS full strength had the highest fresh weight, leaf area, and longest shoot length when compared to other treatments. All explants in full, half, quarter strengths and control had the same number of leaves and sprout rate. Between the treatments, there was a significant difference (P>0.05) in their effect on the length of shoot and root, number of adventitious root, leaf area, and fresh weight. Full strength had the highest mean value in all the above-mentioned parameters and differed significantly (P>0.05) from others except in shoot length, number of adventitious roots, and root length where it did not differ (P<0.05) from half strength. The result of this study indicates that full strength MS basal medium offers a better option for the optimum growth for <em>Treculia africana</em> regeneration <em>in vitro</em>. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medium%20strengths" title="medium strengths">medium strengths</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murashige%20and%20Skoog" title=" Murashige and Skoog"> Murashige and Skoog</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Treculia%20africana" title=" Treculia africana"> Treculia africana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zygotic%20embryos" title=" zygotic embryos"> zygotic embryos</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52186/comparative-growth-rates-of-treculia-africana-decne-embryo-in-varied-strengths-of-murashige-and-skoog-basal-medium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52186.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">253</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> An Empirical Diagnosis of the Maladies and Therapies of Budgeting in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ben-Caleb%20Egbide">Ben-Caleb Egbide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omolehinwa%20O.%20Eddy"> Omolehinwa O. Eddy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adeyemi%20S.%20Keyinde"> Adeyemi S. Keyinde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eriabie%20Sylvester"> Eriabie Sylvester</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ojeka%20Stephen"> Ojeka Stephen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The national budget remains an integral part of the developmental plan of the economy of any country. The budget reflects the fundamental values underlying the government’s economic policies and objectives and whose execution is expected to realize national/public desires. In Nigeria, over three decades budget had failed to deliver the desired benefits, suggesting the existence of infractions, which are yet to be empirically ascertained. This paper attempts a diagnosis of the infractions peculiar to Nigeria budgetary system and their suggested panacea. Data were collected through the administration of questionnaire to a cross section of organizations/institutions representing government agencies and the general public. Mann-Whitney U test was employed to gauge the consistency in perception of the two groups. The result revealed that budget indiscipline, official corruption, allocative inefficiency and poor budget governance are the most influential infractions of budgeting in Nigeria. Consequently, it was suggested that budget transparency, target budgeting, zero tolerance on corruption and budget discipline are the most cogent therapies to the malfunctioning in Nigerian budgetary system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=budgeting" title="budgeting">budgeting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=budget%20maladies" title=" budget maladies"> budget maladies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=budget%20therapies" title=" budget therapies"> budget therapies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria "> Nigeria </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78327/an-empirical-diagnosis-of-the-maladies-and-therapies-of-budgeting-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78327.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">291</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Kinetics and Adsorption Studies of Tetracycline from Aqueous Solution Using Melon Husk </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ungwanen%20John%20Ahile">Ungwanen John Ahile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sylvester%20Obaike%20Adejo"> Sylvester Obaike Adejo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simon%20Terver%20Ubwa"> Simon Terver Ubwa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raymond%20Lubem%20Tyohemba"> Raymond Lubem Tyohemba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pius%20Utange"> Pius Utange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mnena%20G.%20Ikyagh"> Mnena G. Ikyagh </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The adsorption of tetracycline from aqueous solution was carried out using melon husk as a low-cost adsorbent. The adsorption was characterized using standard methods and values obtained were; pH = 7.80, bulk density = 0.43 g/mL, ash content = 2.2 %, moisture content = 8.27 %, attrition = 1%, and iodine number = 552 mg/g. Adsorption capacity was found to vary with initial concentration, adsorbent dosage, pH, contact time and temperature, the maximum adsorption capacity in each case was found to be at; 30 mg/L for concentration, 0.8 g for adsorbent dose, 5 for pH, 60 minutes for time and 30 °C for temperature. FTIR analysis was done to analyses the surface functional groups which shows the presence of O-H stretch, at 3743.92 corresponding to alcohol, phenols, C-H stretch at 2923.27 indicative of alkanes, H-C=O: C-H stretch at 2725.76 corresponding to aldehyde, C-C stretch at 1462.72 corresponding to aromatic, SEM analysis carried out revealed a rough and smooth morphology of the uncontacted and contacted adsorbent respectively. The experimental data judging from the R2 values fitted best into the Temkin isotherm. The fitting of tetracycline adsorption into the pseudo second order kinetic model (R2 of 0.9992) is suggestive of chemisorption for the adsorbent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title="adsorption">adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorbent%20isotherm" title=" adsorbent isotherm"> adsorbent isotherm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibiotics" title=" antibiotics"> antibiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tertracycline" title=" tertracycline"> tertracycline</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77796/kinetics-and-adsorption-studies-of-tetracycline-from-aqueous-solution-using-melon-husk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77796.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> A Deep-Learning Based Prediction of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma with Electronic Health Records from the State of Maine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaodong%20Li">Xiaodong Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peng%20Gao"> Peng Gao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chao-Jung%20Huang"> Chao-Jung Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shiying%20Hao"> Shiying Hao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xuefeng%20B.%20Ling"> Xuefeng B. Ling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yongxia%20Han">Yongxia Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yaqi%20Zhang"> Yaqi Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Le%20Zheng"> Le Zheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chengyin%20Ye"> Chengyin Ye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Modi%20Liu"> Modi Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Minjie%20Xia"> Minjie Xia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Changlin%20Fu"> Changlin Fu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bo%20Jin"> Bo Jin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karl%20G.%20Sylvester"> Karl G. Sylvester</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eric%20Widen"> Eric Widen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Predicting the risk of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma (PA) in advance can benefit the quality of care and potentially reduce population mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to develop and prospectively validate a risk prediction model to identify patients at risk of new incident PA as early as 3 months before the onset of PA in a statewide, general population in Maine. The PA prediction model was developed using Deep Neural Networks, a deep learning algorithm, with a 2-year electronic-health-record (EHR) cohort. Prospective results showed that our model identified 54.35% of all inpatient episodes of PA, and 91.20% of all PA that required subsequent chemoradiotherapy, with a lead-time of up to 3 months and a true alert of 67.62%. The risk assessment tool has attained an improved discriminative ability. It can be immediately deployed to the health system to provide automatic early warnings to adults at risk of PA. It has potential to identify personalized risk factors to facilitate customized PA interventions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer%20prediction" title="cancer prediction">cancer prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title=" deep learning"> deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electronic%20health%20records" title=" electronic health records"> electronic health records</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pancreatic%20adenocarcinoma" title=" pancreatic adenocarcinoma"> pancreatic adenocarcinoma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129535/a-deep-learning-based-prediction-of-pancreatic-adenocarcinoma-with-electronic-health-records-from-the-state-of-maine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129535.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Estimation of Heritability and Repeatability for Pre-Weaning Body Weights of Domestic Rabbits Raised in Derived Savanna Zone of Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adewale%20I.%20Adeolu">Adewale I. Adeolu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vivian%20U.%20Oleforuh-Okoleh"> Vivian U. Oleforuh-Okoleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sylvester%20N.%20Ibe"> Sylvester N. Ibe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heritability and repeatability estimates are needed for the genetic evaluation of livestock populations and consequently for the purpose of upgrading or improvement. Pooled data on 604 progeny from three consecutive parities of purebred rabbit breeds (Chinchilla, Dutch and New Zealand white) raised in Derived Savanna Zone of Nigeria were used to estimate heritability and repeatability for pre-weaning body weights between 1st and 8th week of age. Traits studied include Individual kit weight at birth (IKWB), 2nd week (IK2W), 4th week (IK4W), 6th week (IK6W) and 8th week (IK8W). Nested random effects analysis of (Co)variances as described by Statistical Analysis System (SAS) were employed in the estimation. Respective heritability estimates from the sire component (h2s) and repeatability (R) as intra-class correlations of repeated measurements from the three parties for IKWB, IK2W, IK4W and IK8W are 0.59±0.24, 0.55±0.24, 0.93±0.31, 0.28±0.17, 0.64±0.26 and 0.12±0.14, 0.05±0.14, 0.58±0.02, 0.60±0.11, 0.20±0.14. Heritability and repeatability (except R for IKWB and IK2W) estimates are moderate to high. In conclusion, since pre-weaning body weights in the present study tended to be moderately to highly heritable and repeatable, improvement of rabbits raised in derived savanna zone can be realized through genetic selection criterions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritability" title="heritability">heritability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nested%20design" title=" nested design"> nested design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parity" title=" parity"> parity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pooled%20data" title=" pooled data"> pooled data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=repeatability" title=" repeatability"> repeatability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84881/estimation-of-heritability-and-repeatability-for-pre-weaning-body-weights-of-domestic-rabbits-raised-in-derived-savanna-zone-of-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84881.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Assessing Smallholder Farmers’ Perception of Climate Change and Coping Strategies Adopted in the Olifants Catchment of South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mary%20Funke%20Olabanji">Mary Funke Olabanji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thando%20Ndarana"> Thando Ndarana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nerhene%20Davis"> Nerhene Davis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sylvester%20Okechukwu%20Ilo"> Sylvester Okechukwu Ilo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Scientific evidence indicates that climate change is already being experienced by farmers, and its impacts are felt on agricultural and food systems. Understanding the perceptions of farmers on climate change and how they respond to this change is essential to the development and implementation of appropriate policies for agriculture and food security. This paper aims to contribute to the understanding of farmers’ perceptions of climate change, adopted coping strategies, long-term implications of their adaptation choices, and barriers to their decisions to adapt. Data were randomly collected from 73 respondents in five districts located in the Olifants catchment of South Africa. A combination of descriptive statistics and Chi-Square statistical tests using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was used to analyse the data obtained from the survey. Results show that smallholder farmers have an in-depth perception of climate change. The most significant changes perceived by farmers were increased temperature and low rainfall. The results equally revealed that smallholder farmers in the Olifants catchment had adopted several adaptation strategies in response to the perceived climate change. The significant adaptation strategies from the results include changing cropping patterns and planting date, use of improved seed variety, and chemical fertilizers. The study, therefore, concludes that crop diversification and agroforestry were more effective and sustainable in mitigating the impact of climate change. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptation" title="adaptation">adaptation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perception" title=" perception"> perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smallholder%20farmers" title=" smallholder farmers"> smallholder farmers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124467/assessing-smallholder-farmers-perception-of-climate-change-and-coping-strategies-adopted-in-the-olifants-catchment-of-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124467.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">182</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Urban Agriculture among Households of Makurdi Metropolis of Benue State, Nigeria: Key Challenges</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evangeline%20Mbah">Evangeline Mbah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Margret%20Okeke"> Margret Okeke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agbo%20Joseph"> Agbo Joseph</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Agriculture was primarily a rural activity in Nigeria, but due to increasing demand for food and jobs for many urban dwellers, it became necessary for urban households to embark on farming as a means of improving household food security and additional income for economic empowerment. Urban agriculture serves as a veritable tool for poverty reduction among people living in urban areas mostly low-income earners and unemployed. The survey was conducted to identify key challenges encountered by households in Makurdi metropolis of Benue state, Nigeria who are engaged in urban agriculture. A well-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of respondents used for the study. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean score and standard deviation. Results show that a greater percentage (46.0%) of the respondents engaged in cultivation of leafy vegetable, 22.0% cultivated cassava, 21.0% planted sweet potato, 18.0% cultivated tomato while 56.0% reared poultry, 23.0% kept goat, among others. Sources of agricultural information indicated by the respondents were family members/relations (85.0%), friends/neighbours (73.0%), radio (68.0%), extension agents (57.0%), etc. Major challenges encountered by the respondents in urban agriculture include inadequate size of farmland (M= 2.72), lack of access to credit facilities (M= 2.63), lack of funds (M= 2.50), high cost of labour (M= 2.49), insecurity of lands (M= 2.46), theft of crops at maturity (M= 2.38), lack of farm inputs such as improved varieties of seeds, fertilizer and exotic breeds of livestock (M= 2.23), destruction of crops by stray farm animals (M= 1.96), among others. The study recommends that there is a need for adequate provision of farm inputs by the government at all levels at a subsidized rate in order to reduce the cost of production and enhance optimum productivity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban" title="urban">urban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agriculture" title=" agriculture"> agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=household" title=" household"> household</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=challenges" title=" challenges"> challenges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Makurdi" title=" Makurdi"> Makurdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102168/urban-agriculture-among-households-of-makurdi-metropolis-of-benue-state-nigeria-key-challenges" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102168.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Sheathed Cotton Fibers: Material for Oil-Spill Cleanup</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benjamin%20M%20Dauda">Benjamin M Dauda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esther%20Ibrahim"> Esther Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sylvester%20Gadimoh"> Sylvester Gadimoh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asabe%20Mustapha"> Asabe Mustapha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiyah%20Mohammed"> Jiyah Mohammed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite diverse optimization techniques on natural hydrophilic fibers, hydrophobic synthetic fibers are still the best oil sorption materials. However, these hydrophobic fibers are not biodegradable, making their disposal problematic. To this end, this work sets out to develop Nonwoven sorbents from epoxy-coated Cotton fibers. As a way of improving the compatibility of the crude oil and reduction of moisture absorption, cotton fibers were coated with epoxy resin by immersion in acetone-thinned epoxy solution. A needle-punching machine was used to convert the fibers into coherent nonwoven sheets. An oil sorption experiment was then carried out. The result indicates that the developed epoxy-modified sorbent has a higher crude oil-sorption capacity compared with those of untreated cotton and commercial polypropylene sorbents. Absorption Curves show that the coated fiber and polypropylene sorbent saturated faster than the uncoated cotton fiber pad. The result also shows that the coated cotton sorbent adsorbed crude faster than the polypropylene sorbent, and the equilibrium exhaustion was also higher. After a simple mechanical squeezing process, the Nonwoven pads could be restored to their original form and repeatedly recycled for oil/water separation. The results indicate that the cotton-coated non-woven pads hold promise for the cleanup of oil spills. Our data suggests that the sorption behaviors of the epoxy-coated Nonwoven pads and their crude oil sorption capacity are relatively stable under various environmental conditions compared to the commercial sheet. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20spill" title="oil spill">oil spill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title=" adsorption"> adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cotton" title=" cotton"> cotton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epoxy" title=" epoxy"> epoxy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonwoven" title=" nonwoven"> nonwoven</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183396/sheathed-cotton-fibers-material-for-oil-spill-cleanup" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183396.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">55</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> 'Infection in the Sentence': The Castration of a Black Woman's Dream of Authorship as Manifested in Buchi Emecheta's Second Class Citizen</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aseel%20Hatif%20Jassam">Aseel Hatif Jassam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadeel%20Hatif%20Jassam"> Hadeel Hatif Jassam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper discusses the phallocentric discourse that is challenged by women in general and of women of color in particular in spite of the simultaneity of oppression due to race, class, and gender in the diaspora. Therefore, the paper gives a brief account of women's experience in the light of postcolonial feminist theory. The paper also cast light on the theories of Luce Irigaray and Helen Cixous, two Feminist theorists who support and advise women to have their own discourse to challenge the infectious patriarchal sentence advocated by Sigmund Freud and Harold Bloom's model of literary history. Black women authors like BuchiEmecheta as well as her alter ego Adah, a Nigerian-born girl and the protagonist of her semi-autobiographical novel, Second Class Citizen, suffer from this phallocentric and oppressive sentence and displacement as they migrate from Nigeria, a former British colony where they feel marginalized to North London with the hope of realizing their dreams. Yet, in the British diaspora, they get culturally shocked and continue to suffer from further marginalization due to class and race and are insulted and interiorized ironically by their patriarchal husbands who try to put an end to their dreams of authorship. With the phallocentric belief that women aren't capable of self-representation in the background of their mindsets, the violent Sylvester Onwordi and Francis Obi, the husbands of both Emecheta and Adah, respectively have practiced oppression on them by burning their own authoritative voice, represented by the novels they write while they are struggling with their economically atrocious living experience in the British diaspora. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=authorship" title="authorship">authorship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=British%20diaspora" title=" British diaspora"> British diaspora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discourse" title=" discourse"> discourse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phallocentric" title=" phallocentric"> phallocentric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patriarchy" title=" patriarchy"> patriarchy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143968/infection-in-the-sentence-the-castration-of-a-black-womans-dream-of-authorship-as-manifested-in-buchi-emechetas-second-class-citizen" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143968.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Controlling Drone Flight Missions through Natural Language Processors Using Artificial Intelligence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sylvester%20Akpah">Sylvester Akpah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selasi%20Vondee"> Selasi Vondee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) as they are also known, drones have attracted increasing attention in recent years due to their ubiquitous nature and boundless applications in the areas of communication, surveying, aerial photography, weather forecasting, medical delivery, surveillance amongst others. Operated remotely in real-time or pre-programmed, drones can fly autonomously or on pre-defined routes. The application of these aerial vehicles has successfully penetrated the world due to technological evolution, thus a lot more businesses are utilizing their capabilities. Unfortunately, while drones are replete with the benefits stated supra, they are riddled with some problems, mainly attributed to the complexities in learning how to master drone flights, collision avoidance and enterprise security. Additional challenges, such as the analysis of flight data recorded by sensors attached to the drone may take time and require expert help to analyse and understand. This paper presents an autonomous drone control system using a chatbot. The system allows for easy control of drones using conversations with the aid of Natural Language Processing, thus to reduce the workload needed to set up, deploy, control, and monitor drone flight missions. The results obtained at the end of the study revealed that the drone connected to the chatbot was able to initiate flight missions with just text and voice commands, enable conversation and give real-time feedback from data and requests made to the chatbot. The results further revealed that the system was able to process natural language and produced human-like conversational abilities using Artificial Intelligence (Natural Language Understanding). It is recommended that radio signal adapters be used instead of wireless connections thus to increase the range of communication with the aerial vehicle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20ntelligence" title="artificial ntelligence">artificial ntelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chatbot" title=" chatbot"> chatbot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20language%20processing" title=" natural language processing"> natural language processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unmanned%20aerial%20vehicle" title=" unmanned aerial vehicle"> unmanned aerial vehicle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116870/controlling-drone-flight-missions-through-natural-language-processors-using-artificial-intelligence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116870.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Effect of Methanol Root Extracts of Moringa Oleifera on Lipid Profile Parameters, Atherogenic Indices and HMG – CoA Reductase Activities of Poloxamer 407-Induced Hyperlipidemic Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthew%20Ocheleka%20Itodo">Matthew Ocheleka Itodo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ogo%20Agbo%20Ogo"> Ogo Agbo Ogo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agnes%20Ogbene%20Abutu"> Agnes Ogbene Abutu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bawa%20Inalegwu"> Bawa Inalegwu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hyperlipidemia is characterised by elevated serum total cholesterol and low density and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and decreased high-density lipoprotein are the risk factor for coronary heart diseases. There are claims by traditional medicine practitioners in Nigeria that Moringa oleifera plants are used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, but it appears there is no scientific research and, publication or documented work to verify these claims. This study aimed to determine the effect of methanol root extracts of Moringa oleifera on Lipid profile, Atherogenic indices and 3 hydroxyl 3 methylglutaryl Coenzyme A reductase activity of poloxamer 407-induced hyperlipidemic rats. The animals were grouped into 8; Group 1: Normal control, Group 2: Hyperlipidemic control. Groups 2 to 8 were induced with Poloxamer 407 1000 mg/Kg body weight. However, group 3 were treated with standard drugs (atorvastatin). Group 4 was treated with crude extract, and groups 5 to 8 were treated with purified fractions from column chromatography. The preliminary antihyperlipidemic study showed Methanol root extract at 200 mg/kg body weight significantly (p≤0.05) decreased total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, triacylglyceride, 3 hydroxyls 3 methylglutaryl Coenzyme A reductase, and increase high-density lipoprotein of hyperlipidemic treated groups. Screening the extracts for the most potent anti-hyperlipidemic activity reveals that fraction 1 of Total Cholesterol and Fraction 3 of Triacylglyceride have the highest percentage reduction of 56% and 51%, respectively. The atherogenic risk factor of all induced treated rats shows a significant (p<0.05) decrease in levels of Castelli’s risk index II, atherogenic index of plasma and a significant (p<0.05) higher level of Castelli’s risk index I ratio. The study shows that the methanol extract of root possesses antihyperlipidemic effects and may explain why it has been found to be useful in the management of cardiovascular diseases by traditional medicine practitioners. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperlipidemia" title="hyperlipidemia">hyperlipidemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moringa%20oleifera" title=" moringa oleifera"> moringa oleifera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poloxamer%20407" title=" poloxamer 407"> poloxamer 407</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipid%20profile" title=" lipid profile"> lipid profile</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178027/effect-of-methanol-root-extracts-of-moringa-oleifera-on-lipid-profile-parameters-atherogenic-indices-and-hmg-coa-reductase-activities-of-poloxamer-407-induced-hyperlipidemic-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178027.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> The Determinants of Enterprise Risk Management: Literature Review, and Future Research</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sylvester%20S.%20Horvey">Sylvester S. Horvey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jones%20Mensah"> Jones Mensah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The growing complexities and dynamics in the business environment have led to a new approach to risk management, known as enterprise risk management (ERM). ERM is a system and an approach to managing the risks of an organization in an integrated manner to achieve the corporate goals and strategic objectives. Regardless of the diversities in the business environment, ERM has become an essential factor in managing individual and business risks because ERM is believed to enhance shareholder value and firm growth. Despite the growing number of literature on ERM, the question about what factors drives ERM remains limited. This study provides a comprehensive literature review of the main factors that contribute to ERM implementation. Google Scholar was the leading search engine used to identify empirical literature, and the review spanned between 2000 and 2020. Articles published in Scimago journal ranking and Scopus were examined. Thirteen firm characteristics and sixteen articles were considered for the empirical review. Most empirical studies agreed that firm size, institutional ownership, industry type, auditor type, industrial diversification, earnings volatility, stock price volatility, and internal auditor had a positive relationship with ERM adoption, whereas firm size, institutional ownership, auditor type, and type of industry were mostly seen be statistically significant. Other factors such as financial leverage, profitability, asset opacity, international diversification, and firm complexity revealed an inconclusive result. The growing literature on ERM is not without limitations; hence, this study suggests that further research should examine ERM determinants within a new geographical context while considering a new and robust way of measuring ERM rather than relying on a simple proxy (dummy) for ERM measurement. Other firm characteristics such as organizational culture and context, corporate scandals and losses, and governance could be considered determinants of ERM adoption. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enterprise%20risk%20management" title="enterprise risk management">enterprise risk management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=determinants" title=" determinants"> determinants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ERM%20adoption" title=" ERM adoption"> ERM adoption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=literature%20review" title=" literature review"> literature review</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134672/the-determinants-of-enterprise-risk-management-literature-review-and-future-research" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134672.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">173</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Characterization of the Ignitability and Flame Regression Behaviour of Flame Retarded Natural Fibre Composite Panel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Timine%20Suoware">Timine Suoware</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sylvester%20%20Edelugo"> Sylvester Edelugo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charles%20Amgbari"> Charles Amgbari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Natural fibre composites (NFC) are becoming very attractive especially for automotive interior and non-structural building applications because they are biodegradable, low cost, lightweight and environmentally friendly. NFC are known to release high combustible products during exposure to heat atmosphere and this behaviour has raised concerns to end users. To improve on their fire response, flame retardants (FR) such as aluminium tri-hydroxide (ATH) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) are incorporated during processing to delay the start and spread of fire. In this paper, APP was modified with Gum Arabic powder (GAP) and synergized with carbon black (CB) to form new FR species. Four FR species at 0, 12, 15 and 18% loading ratio were added to oil palm fibre polyester composite (OPFC) panels as follows; OPFC12%APP-GAP, OPFC15%APP-GAP/CB, OPFC18%ATH/APP-GAP and OPFC18%ATH/APPGAP/CB. The panels were produced using hand lay-up compression moulding and cured at room temperature. Specimens were cut from the panels and these were tested for ignition time (Tig), peak heat released rate (HRRp), average heat release rate (HRRavg), peak mass loss rate (MLRp), residual mass (Rm) and average smoke production rate (SPRavg) using cone calorimeter apparatus as well as the available flame energy (ɸ) in driving the flame using radiant panel flame spread apparatus. From the ignitability data obtained at 50 kW/m2 heat flux (HF), it shows that the hybrid FR modified with APP that is OPFC18%ATH/APP-GAP exhibited superior flame retardancy and the improvement was based on comparison with those without FR which stood at Tig = 20 s, HRRp = 86.6 kW/m2, HRRavg = 55.8 kW/m2, MLRp =0.131 g/s, Rm = 54.6% and SPRavg = 0.05 m2/s representing respectively 17.6%, 67.4%, 62.8%, 50.9%, 565% and 62.5% improvements less than those without FR (OPFC0%). In terms of flame spread, the least flame energy (ɸ) of 0.49 kW2/s3 for OPFC18%ATH/APP-GAP caused early flame regression. This was less than 39.6 kW2/s3 compared to those without FR (OPFC0%). It can be concluded that hybrid FR modified with APP could be useful in the automotive and building industries to delay the start and spread of fire. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flame%20retardant" title="flame retardant">flame retardant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flame%20regression" title=" flame regression"> flame regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20palm%20fibre" title=" oil palm fibre"> oil palm fibre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20panel" title=" composite panel"> composite panel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128764/characterization-of-the-ignitability-and-flame-regression-behaviour-of-flame-retarded-natural-fibre-composite-panel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128764.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Suitability of Wood Sawdust Waste Reinforced Polymer Composite for Fireproof Doors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Timine%20Suoware">Timine Suoware</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sylvester%20Edelugo"> Sylvester Edelugo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charles%20Amgbari"> Charles Amgbari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The susceptibility of natural fibre polymer composites to flame has necessitated research to improve and develop flame retardant (FR) to delay the escape of combustible volatiles. Previous approaches relied mostly on FR such as aluminium tri-hydroxide (ATH) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) to improve fire performances of wood sawdust polymer composites (WSPC) with emphasis on non-structural building applications. In this paper, APP was modified with gum Arabic powder (GAP) and then hybridized with ATH at 0, 12 and 18% loading ratio to form new FR species; WSPC12%APP-GAP and WSPC18%ATH/APP-GAP. The FR species were incorporated in wood sawdust waste reinforced in polyester resin to form panels for fireproof doors. The panels were produced using hand lay compression moulding technique and cured at room temperature. Specimen cut from panels were then tested for tensile strength (TS), flexural strength (FS) and impact strength (IS) using universal testing machine and impact tester; thermal stability using (TGA/DSC 1: Metler Toledo); time-to-ignition (Tig), heat release rates (HRR); peak HRR (HRRp), average HRR (HRRavg), total HRR (THR), peak mass loss rate (MLRp), average smoke production rate (SPRavg) and carbon monoxide production (COP ) were obtained using the cone calorimeter apparatus. From the mechanical properties obtained, improvements of IS for the panels were not noticeable whereas TS and FS for WSPC12%APP-GAP respectively stood at 12.44 MPa and 85.58 MPa more than those without FR (WSPC0%). For WSC18%ATH/APP-GAP TS and FS respectively stood at 16.45 MPa and 50.49 MPa more compared to (WSPC0%). From the thermal analysis, the panels did not exhibit any significant change as early degradation was observed. At 900 OC, the char residues improved by 15% for WSPC12%APP-GAP and 19% for WSPC18%ATH/APP-GAP more than (WSC0%) at 5%, confirming the APP-GAP to be a good FR. At 50 kW/m2 heat flux (HF), WSPC12%APP-GAP improved better the fire behaviour of the panels when compared to WSC0% as follows; Tig = 46 s, HRRp = 56.1 kW/2, HRRavg = 32.8 kW/m2, THR = 66.6 MJ/m2, MLRp = 0.103 g/s, TSR = 0.04 m2/s and COP = 0.051 kg/kg. These were respectively more than WSC0%. It can be concluded that the new concept of modifying FR with GAP in WSC could meet the requirement of a fireproof door for building applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite" title="composite">composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flame%20retardant" title=" flame retardant"> flame retardant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wood%20sawdust" title=" wood sawdust"> wood sawdust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fireproof%20doors" title=" fireproof doors"> fireproof doors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128766/suitability-of-wood-sawdust-waste-reinforced-polymer-composite-for-fireproof-doors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128766.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Language and Power Relations in Selected Political Crisis Speeches in Nigeria: A Critical Discourse Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isaiah%20Ifeanyichukwu%20Agbo">Isaiah Ifeanyichukwu Agbo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Human speech is capable of serving many purposes. Power and control are not always exercised overtly by linguistic acts, but maybe enacted and exercised in the myriad of taken-for-granted actions of everyday life. Domination, power control, discrimination and mind control exist in human speech and may lead to asymmetrical power relations. In discourse, there are persuasive and manipulative linguistic acts that serve to establish solidarity and identification with the 'we group' and polarize with the 'they group'. Political discourse is crafted to defend and promote the problematic narrative of outright controversial events in a nation’s history thereby sustaining domination, marginalization, manipulation, inequalities and injustices, often without the dominated and marginalized group being aware of them. They are designed and positioned to serve the political and social needs of the producers. Political crisis speeches in Nigeria, just like in other countries concentrate on positive self-image, de-legitimization of political opponents, reframing accusation to one’s advantage, redefining problematic terms and adopting reversal strategy. In most cases, the people are ignorant of the hidden ideological positions encoded in the text. Few researches have been conducted adopting the frameworks of critical discourse analysis and systemic functional linguistics to investigate this situation in the political crisis speeches in Nigeria. In this paper, we focus attention on the analyses of the linguistic, semantic, and ideological elements in selected political crisis speeches in Nigeria to investigate if they create and sustain unequal power relations and manipulative tendencies from the perspectives of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL). Critical Discourse Analysis unpacks both opaque and transparent structural relationships of power dominance, power relations and control as manifested in language. Critical discourse analysis emerged from a critical theory of language study which sees the use of language as a form of social practice where social relations are reproduced or contested and different interests are served. Systemic function linguistics relates the structure of texts to their function. Fairclough’s model of CDA and Halliday’s systemic functional approach to language study are adopted in this paper. This paper probes into language use that perpetuates inequalities. This study demystifies the hidden implicature of the selected political crisis speeches and reveals the existence of information that is not made explicit in what the political actors actually say. The analysis further reveals the ideological configurations present in the texts. These ideological standpoints are the basis for naturalizing implicit ideologies and hegemonic influence in the texts. The analyses of the texts further uncovered the linguistic and discursive strategies deployed by text producers to manipulate the unsuspecting members of the public both mentally and conceptually in order to enact, sustain and maintain unhealthy power relations at crisis times in the Nigerian political history. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20discourse%20analysis" title="critical discourse analysis">critical discourse analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language" title=" language"> language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20crisis" title=" political crisis"> political crisis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20relations" title=" power relations"> power relations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systemic%20functional%20linguistics" title=" systemic functional linguistics"> systemic functional linguistics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69650/language-and-power-relations-in-selected-political-crisis-speeches-in-nigeria-a-critical-discourse-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69650.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Ibadan-Nigeria Citizenship Behavior Scale: Development and Validation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benjamin%20O.%20Ehigie">Benjamin O. Ehigie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aderemi%20Alarape"> Aderemi Alarape</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nyitor%20Shenge"> Nyitor Shenge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sylvester%20A.%20Okhakhume"> Sylvester A. Okhakhume</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Timileyin%20Fashola"> Timileyin Fashola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fiyinfunjah%20Dosumu"> Fiyinfunjah Dosumu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) is a construct in industrial and organisational behaviour that explains a person's voluntary commitment within an organisation, which is outside the scope of his or her contractual tasks. To attain organisational effectiveness the human factor of production is inevitable, hence the importance of employee behaviour. While the concept of organisational citizenship behavior is mostly discussed in the context of the workplace, it is reasoned that the idea could be reflective in relation to national commitment. Many developing countries in Africa, including Nigeria, suffer economic hardship today not necessarily due to poor resources but bad management of the resources. The mangers of their economies are not committed to the tenets of economic growth but engrossed in fraud, corruption, bribery, and other economic vices. It is this backdrop that necessitated the development and validation of the Ibadan-Nigeria Citizenship Behaviour (I-NCB) Scale. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey (online) research design, using 2404 postgraduate students in the Premier University of the country, with 99.2% being Nigerians and 0.8% non-Nigerians. Gender composition was 1,439 (60%) males and 965 (40%) females, 1201 (50%) were employed while 1203 50% unemployed, 74.2% of the employed were in public paid employment, 19.5% in private sector, and 6.3% were self-employed. Through literature review, 78 items were generated. Using 10 lecturers and 21 students, content and face validity were established respectively. Data collected were subjected to reliability and factor analytic statistics at p < .05 level of significance. Results of the content and face validity at 80% level of item acceptance resulted to 60 items; this was further reduced to 50 after item-total correlation using r=.30 criterion. Divergent validity of r= -.28 and convergent validity of r= .44 were obtained by correlating the I-NCB scale with standardized Counterproductive work behaviour (CWB) scale and Organisational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) scale among the workers. The reliability coefficients obtained were; Cronbach alpha of internal consistency (α = 0.941) and split-half reliability of r = 0.728. Factor analyses of the I-NCB scale with principal component and varimax rotation yielded five factors when Eigenvalue above 1 were extracted. The factors which accounted for larger proportions of the total variance were given factor names as; Altruistic, Attachment, Affective, Civic responsibility and Allegiance. As much as there are vast journals on citizenship behaviour in organisations, there exists no standardized tool to measure citizenship behaviour of a country. The Ibadan-Nigeria Citizenship Behaviour (I-NCB) scale was consequently developed. The scale could be used to select personnel into political positions and senior administrative positions among career workers in Nigeria, with the aim of determining national commitment to service. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=counterproductive%20work%20behaviour" title="counterproductive work behaviour">counterproductive work behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CWB" title=" CWB"> CWB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria%20Citizenship%20Behaviour" title=" Nigeria Citizenship Behaviour"> Nigeria Citizenship Behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organisational%20citizenship%20behaviour" title=" organisational citizenship behaviour"> organisational citizenship behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OCB" title=" OCB"> OCB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibadan" title=" Ibadan"> Ibadan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100137/ibadan-nigeria-citizenship-behavior-scale-development-and-validation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100137.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">249</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Exploring Women Perceptions on the Benefit Package of the Free Maternal Health Policy under the Universal Health Coverage of the National Health Insurance Scheme in Rural Upper West Region of Ghana: A Qualitative study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20Suuk%20Laar">Alexander Suuk Laar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20Bekyieriya"> Emmanuel Bekyieriya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sylvester%20Isang"> Sylvester Isang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benjamin%20Baguune"> Benjamin Baguune</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: In Ghana, despite the implementation of strategies and initiatives to ensure universal access to reproductive health and family planning (FP) services for the past two decades, interventions have not adequately addressed the access and utilization needs of women of reproductive age, especially in rural Ghana. To improve access and use of reproductive and maternal health services in Ghana, a free maternal care exemption policy under the universal health coverage of the National Health Insurance Scheme was implemented in 2005. Despite the importance of FP, this service was left out of the benefit package of the policy. Low or no use of FP services is often associated with poor health among women. However, to date, there has been limited research on perspectives of women for not making FP services as part of the benefit package of the free maternal health services. This qualitative study explored perceptions of women on the comprehensiveness of the free maternal health benefit package and the effects on utilisation of services in the rural Upper West region of Ghana to improve services. Methods: This exploratory qualitative study used focus group discussions with pregnant and lactating women in three rural districts in the Upper West region of Ghana. Six focus groups were held with both pregnant women and lactating mothers at the time of the interview. Three focus group discussions were organised with the same category of women in each district. We used a purposive sampling procedure to select the participants from the districts. The interviews with the written consent of the participants lasted between 60 minutes and 120 minutes. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using Braun and Clarke thematic framework guidelines. Results: This research presents an in-depth account of women's perceptions on the effects associated with the uptake of FP services and its exclusion from the benefit package of the free maternal health policy. Our study found that participants did not support the exclusion of FP services in the benefit package. Participants mentioned factors hampering their access to and use of FP and contraceptive services to include the cost of services, distance and cost of transport to health facilities, lack of knowledge about FP services, socio-cultural norms and negative attitude of healthcare professionals. Participants are of the view that making FP services part of the benefit package could have addressed the cost aspect of services which act as the main barrier to improve the use of services by poor rural women. Conclusion: Women of reproductive age face cost barriers that limit their access to and use of FP and contraception services in the rural Upper West region of Ghana and need health policymakers to revise the free maternal health package to include FP services. It is essential for policymakers to begin considering revising the free maternal health policy benefit package to include FP services to help address the cost barrier for rural poor women to use services. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benefit%20package" title="benefit package">benefit package</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20maternal%20policy" title=" free maternal policy"> free maternal policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women" title=" women"> women</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghana" title=" Ghana"> Ghana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20Upper%20West%20Region" title=" rural Upper West Region"> rural Upper West Region</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Universal%20Health%20Coverage." title=" Universal Health Coverage."> Universal Health Coverage.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141123/exploring-women-perceptions-on-the-benefit-package-of-the-free-maternal-health-policy-under-the-universal-health-coverage-of-the-national-health-insurance-scheme-in-rural-upper-west-region-of-ghana-a-qualitative-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141123.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" 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