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Abate</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Seid Yimer Abate"> <meta name="keywords" content="Seid Yimer Abate"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Seid Yimer Abate"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 41</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Seid Yimer Abate</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> Surface Modification of TiO2 Layer with Phosphonic Acid Monolayer in Perovskite Solar Cells: Effect of Chain Length and Terminal Functional Group</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seid%20Yimer%20Abate">Seid Yimer Abate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ding-Chi%20%20Huang"> Ding-Chi Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-Tai%20Tao"> Yu-Tai Tao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, charge extraction characteristics at the perovskite/TiO2 interface in the conventional perovskite solar cell is studied by interface engineering. Self-assembled monolayers of phosphonic acids with different chain length and terminal functional group were used to modify mesoporous TiO2 surface to modulate the surface property and interfacial energy barrier to investigate their effect on charge extraction and transport from the perovskite to the mp-TiO2 and then the electrode. The chain length introduces a tunnelling distance and the end group modulate the energy level alignment at the mp-TiO2 and perovskite interface. The work function of these SAM-modified mp-TiO2 varied from −3.89 eV to −4.61 eV, with that of the pristine mp-TiO2 at −4.19 eV. A correlation of charge extraction and transport with respect to the modification was attempted. The study serves as a guide to engineer ETL interfaces with simple SAMs to improve the charge extraction, carrier balance and device long term stability. In this study, a maximum PCE of ~16.09% with insignificant hysteresis was obtained, which is 17% higher than the standard device. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Energy%20level%20alignment" title="Energy level alignment">Energy level alignment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Interface%20engineering" title=" Interface engineering"> Interface engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Perovskite%20solar%20cells" title=" Perovskite solar cells"> Perovskite solar cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phosphonic%20acid%20monolayer" title=" Phosphonic acid monolayer"> Phosphonic acid monolayer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tunnelling%20distance" title=" Tunnelling distance"> Tunnelling distance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125966/surface-modification-of-tio2-layer-with-phosphonic-acid-monolayer-in-perovskite-solar-cells-effect-of-chain-length-and-terminal-functional-group" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125966.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Phytoremediation of Cr from Tannery Effluent by Vetiver Grass</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mingizem%20Gashaw%20Seid">Mingizem Gashaw Seid </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Phytoremediation of chromium metal by vetiver grass was investigated in hydroponic system. The removal efficiency for organic load, nutrient and chromium were evaluated as a function of concentration of waste effluent (40 and 50% dilution with distilled water). Under this conditions 64.49-94.06 % of chromium was removed. This shows vetiver grass has potential for accumulation of chromium metal from tannery waste water stream. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chromium" title="chromium">chromium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phytoremediation" title=" phytoremediation"> phytoremediation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tannery%20effluent" title=" tannery effluent"> tannery effluent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vetiver%20grass" title=" vetiver grass"> vetiver grass</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10993/phytoremediation-of-cr-from-tannery-effluent-by-vetiver-grass" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10993.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">416</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> Assessment of Hydrogen Demand for Different Technological Pathways to Decarbonise the Aviation Sector in Germany</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manish%20Khanra">Manish Khanra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shashank%20Prabhu"> Shashank Prabhu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The decarbonization of hard-to-abate sectors is currently high on the agenda in the EU and its member states, as these sectors have substantial shares in overall GHG emissions while it is facing serious challenges to decarbonize. In particular, the aviation sector accounts for 2.8% of global anthropogenic CO₂ emissions. These emissions are anticipated to grow dramatically unless immediate mitigating efforts are implemented. Hydrogen and its derivatives based on renewable electricity can have a key role in the transition towards CO₂-neutral flights. The substantial shares of energy carriers in the form of drop-in fuel, direct combustion and Hydrogen-to-Electric are promising in most scenarios towards 2050. For creating appropriate policies to ramp up the production and utilisation of hydrogen commodities in the German aviation sector, a detailed analysis of the spatial distribution of supply-demand sites is essential. The objective of this research work is to assess the demand for hydrogen-based alternative fuels in the German aviation sector to achieve the perceived goal of the ‘Net Zero’ scenario by 2050. Here, the analysis of the technological pathways for the production and utilisation of these fuels in various aircraft options is conducted for reaching mitigation targets. Our method is based on data-driven bottom-up assessment, considering production and demand sites and their spatial distribution. The resulting energy demand and its spatial distribution with consideration of technology diffusion lead to a possible transition pathway of the aviation sector to meet short-term and long-term mitigation targets. Additionally, to achieve mitigation targets in this sector, costs and policy aspects are discussed, which would support decision-makers from airline industries, policymakers and the producers of energy commodities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20aviation%20sector" title="the aviation sector">the aviation sector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hard-to-abate%20sectors" title=" hard-to-abate sectors"> hard-to-abate sectors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen%20demand" title=" hydrogen demand"> hydrogen demand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alternative%20fuels" title=" alternative fuels"> alternative fuels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technological%20pathways" title=" technological pathways"> technological pathways</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data-driven%20approach" title=" data-driven approach"> data-driven approach</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147902/assessment-of-hydrogen-demand-for-different-technological-pathways-to-decarbonise-the-aviation-sector-in-germany" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147902.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> Exploring the Role of Hydrogen to Achieve the Italian Decarbonization Targets using an OpenScience Energy System Optimization Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alessandro%20Balbo">Alessandro Balbo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gianvito%20Colucci"> Gianvito Colucci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matteo%20Nicoli"> Matteo Nicoli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20Savoldi"> Laura Savoldi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydrogen is expected to become an undisputed player in the ecological transition throughout the next decades. The decarbonization potential offered by this energy vector provides various opportunities for the so-called “hard-to-abate” sectors, including industrial production of iron and steel, glass, refineries and the heavy-duty transport. In this regard, Italy, in the framework of decarbonization plans for the whole European Union, has been considering a wider use of hydrogen to provide an alternative to fossil fuels in hard-to-abate sectors. This work aims to assess and compare different options concerning the pathway to be followed in the development of the future Italian energy system in order to meet decarbonization targets as established by the Paris Agreement and by the European Green Deal, and to infer a techno-economic analysis of the required asset alternatives to be used in that perspective. To accomplish this objective, the Energy System Optimization Model TEMOA-Italy is used, based on the open-source platform TEMOA and developed at PoliTo as a tool to be used for technology assessment and energy scenario analysis. The adopted assessment strategy includes two different scenarios to be compared with a business-as-usual one, which considers the application of current policies in a time horizon up to 2050. The studied scenarios are based on the up-to-date hydrogen-related targets and planned investments included in the National Hydrogen Strategy and in the Italian National Recovery and Resilience Plan, with the purpose of providing a critical assessment of what they propose. One scenario imposes decarbonization objectives for the years 2030, 2040 and 2050, without any other specific target. The second one (inspired to the national objectives on the development of the sector) promotes the deployment of the hydrogen value-chain. These scenarios provide feedback about the applications hydrogen could have in the Italian energy system, including transport, industry and synfuels production. Furthermore, the decarbonization scenario where hydrogen production is not imposed, will make use of this energy vector as well, showing the necessity of its exploitation in order to meet pledged targets by 2050. The distance of the planned policies from the optimal conditions for the achievement of Italian objectives is be clarified, revealing possible improvements of various steps of the decarbonization pathway, which seems to have as a fundamental element Carbon Capture and Utilization technologies for its accomplishment. In line with the European Commission open science guidelines, the transparency and the robustness of the presented results is ensured by the adoption of the open-source open-data model such as the TEMOA-Italy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decarbonization" title="decarbonization">decarbonization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20system%20optimization%20models" title=" energy system optimization models"> energy system optimization models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen" title=" hydrogen"> hydrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open-source%20modeling" title=" open-source modeling"> open-source modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TEMOA" title=" TEMOA"> TEMOA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153240/exploring-the-role-of-hydrogen-to-achieve-the-italian-decarbonization-targets-using-an-openscience-energy-system-optimization-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153240.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> A Comprehensive Study on CO₂ Capture and Storage: Advances in Technology and Environmental Impact Mitigation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oussama%20Fertaq">Oussama Fertaq</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the latest advancements in CO₂ capture and storage (CCS) technologies, which are vital for addressing the growing challenge of climate change. The study focuses on multiple techniques for CO₂ capture, including chemical absorption, membrane separation, and adsorption, analyzing their efficiency, scalability, and environmental impact. The research further explores geological storage options such as deep saline aquifers and depleted oil fields, providing insights into the challenges and opportunities presented by each method. This paper emphasizes the importance of integrating CCS with existing industrial processes to reduce greenhouse gas emissions effectively. It also discusses the economic and policy frameworks required to promote wider adoption of CCS technologies. The findings of this study offer a comprehensive view of the potential of CCS in achieving global climate goals, particularly in hard-to-abate sectors such as energy and manufacturing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82%20capture" title="CO₂ capture">CO₂ capture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20storage" title=" carbon storage"> carbon storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change%20mitigation" title=" climate change mitigation"> climate change mitigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20sequestration" title=" carbon sequestration"> carbon sequestration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20sustainability" title=" environmental sustainability"> environmental sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193124/a-comprehensive-study-on-co2-capture-and-storage-advances-in-technology-and-environmental-impact-mitigation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193124.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">11</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> Legal Issues of Implementing Public Projects through Civic Crowdfunding</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdieh%20Dehghan%20Nayeri">Mahdieh Dehghan Nayeri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hani%20Arbabi"> Hani Arbabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seid%20Pooyan%20Ghafoori"> Seid Pooyan Ghafoori</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Civic crowdfunding- crowdfunding public projects- which goes beyond people management- as a significant part of public projects stakeholders- and requires the active engagement of the public in both the financing and decision-making processes of public projects, is expanding. However, in most countries of the world, no specific legal framework has been approved for governing and managing the implementation of projects through this method. Through a systematic literature review, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA), this article has studied and discussed the legal issues of civic crowdfunded projects in the countries leading the use of this method, in four themes; one related to the legal environment and three related to three leading players in civic crowdfunded projects include the investor, the platform, and the investee. The review showed that despite the increasing attention to people's engagement in public projects -financial and non-financial- not much scientific research has been done to formulate fully structured legal structures. Finally, neglected areas in research have been discussed as a guide for future research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=civic%20crowdfunding" title="civic crowdfunding">civic crowdfunding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equity%20crowdfunding" title=" equity crowdfunding"> equity crowdfunding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20projects" title=" public projects"> public projects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=legal%20issues" title=" legal issues"> legal issues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crowdsourcing" title=" crowdsourcing"> crowdsourcing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141393/legal-issues-of-implementing-public-projects-through-civic-crowdfunding" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141393.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">225</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> Dynamic Analysis of Viscoelastic Plates with Variable Thickness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G%C3%BCl%C3%A7in%20Tekin">Gülçin Tekin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fethi%20Kad%C4%B1o%C4%9Flu"> Fethi Kadıoğlu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the dynamic analysis of viscoelastic plates with variable thickness is examined. The solutions of dynamic response of viscoelastic thin plates with variable thickness have been obtained by using the functional analysis method in the conjunction with the Gâteaux differential. The four-node serendipity element with four degrees of freedom such as deflection, bending, and twisting moments at each node is used. Additionally, boundary condition terms are included in the functional by using a systematic way. In viscoelastic modeling, Three-parameter Kelvin solid model is employed. The solutions obtained in the Laplace-Carson domain are transformed to the real time domain by using MDOP, Dubner & Abate, and Durbin inverse transform techniques. To test the performance of the proposed mixed finite element formulation, numerical examples are treated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20analysis" title="dynamic analysis">dynamic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inverse%20laplace%20transform%20techniques" title=" inverse laplace transform techniques"> inverse laplace transform techniques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed%20finite%20element%20formulation" title=" mixed finite element formulation"> mixed finite element formulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscoelastic%20plate%20with%20variable%20thickness" title=" viscoelastic plate with variable thickness"> viscoelastic plate with variable thickness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43270/dynamic-analysis-of-viscoelastic-plates-with-variable-thickness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43270.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">331</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> Teachers’ Reactions, Learning, Organizational Support, and Use of Lesson Study for Transformative Assessment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melaku%20Takele%20Abate">Melaku Takele Abate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbi%20Lemma%20Wodajo"> Abbi Lemma Wodajo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adula%20Bekele%20Hunde"> Adula Bekele Hunde</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed at exploring mathematics teachers' reactions, learning, school leaders’ support, and use of the Lesson Study for Transformative Assessment (LSforTA) program ideas in practice. The LSforTA program was new, and therefore, a local and grounded approach was needed to examine teachers’ knowledge and skills acquired using LSforTA. So, a design-based research approach was selected to evaluate and refine the LSforTA approach. The results showed that LSforTA increased teachers' knowledge and use of different levels of mathematics assessment tasks. The program positively affected teachers' practices of transformative assessment and enhanced their knowledge and skills in assessing students in a transformative way. The paper concludes how the LSforTA procedures were adapted in response to this evaluation and provides suggestions for future development and research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classroom%20assessment" title="classroom assessment">classroom assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feedback%20practices" title=" feedback practices"> feedback practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lesson%20study" title=" lesson study"> lesson study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematics" title=" mathematics"> mathematics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design-based%20research" title=" design-based research"> design-based research</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182062/teachers-reactions-learning-organizational-support-and-use-of-lesson-study-for-transformative-assessment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182062.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">55</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Air-Purifying Properties of Cement Mortars Intermixed with TiO₂-SiO₂ Composites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.M.%20Kaja">A.M. Kaja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Q.%20Yu"> Q. Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.J.H%20Brouwers"> H.J.H Brouwers</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An increased functionality of concrete towards higher eco-efficiency is nowadays of great importance due to the decreasing air quality in urban areas. Surface modifications of concrete walls and roads, as a coating or an intermixing of the surface layer with TiO₂, provide an opportunity to improve the air quality by reducing NOx via photocatalytic phenomena. Nevertheless, there are still concerns regarding the cost-efficiency as well as the toxicity of intermediate products which can be produced during the photocatalysis, limiting a widespread adoption of these materials. This study addresses the problem of the selectivity of cement mortars towards nitrate in terms of microstructural characteristics and hydration products. The ability of cement mortars matrix intermixed with commercial TiO₂ and TiO₂-SiO₂ composite to abate NO₂ is investigated. The influence of hydration products formed under the carbonation facilitating conditions is discussed and solutions how to optimize the mix design are proposed. The incorporation of the TiO₂-SiO₂ composite into cement mortar is found to increase the nitrate selectivity index. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cement%20matrix" title="cement matrix">cement matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NO%E2%82%82%20abatement" title=" NO₂ abatement"> NO₂ abatement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photocatalysis" title=" photocatalysis"> photocatalysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TiO%E2%82%82-SiO%E2%82%82%20composite" title=" TiO₂-SiO₂ composite"> TiO₂-SiO₂ composite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93143/air-purifying-properties-of-cement-mortars-intermixed-with-tio2-sio2-composites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93143.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Beta-Glucosidase of Streptomyces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adam%20Abate">Adam Abate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Rasti"> Elham Rasti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philip%20Romero"> Philip Romero </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Beta-glucosidase is the key enzyme component present in cellulase and completes the final step during cellulose hydrolysis by converting the cellobiose to glucose. The regulatory properties of beta-glucosidases are most commonly found for the retaining and inverting enzymes. Hydrolysis of a glycoside typically occurs with general acid and general base assistance from two amino acid side chains, normally glutamic or aspartic acids. In order to obtain more detailed information on the dynamic events origination from the interaction with enzyme active site, we carried out molecular dynamics simulations of beta-glycosidase in protonated state (Glu-H178) and deprotonated state (Glu178). The theoretical models generated from our molecular dynamics simulations complement and advance the structural information currently available, leading to a more detailed understanding of Beta-glycosidase structure and function. This article presents the important role of Asn307 in enzyme activity of beta-glucosidase <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beta-glucosidase" title="Beta-glucosidase">Beta-glucosidase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GROMACS" title=" GROMACS"> GROMACS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20dynamics%20simulation" title=" molecular dynamics simulation"> molecular dynamics simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20parameters" title=" structural parameters "> structural parameters </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31578/molecular-dynamics-simulation-of-beta-glucosidase-of-streptomyces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31578.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">398</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> The Cost of Solar-Centric Renewable Portfolio </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Timothy%20J.%20Considine">Timothy J. Considine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edward%20J.%20M.%20Manderson"> Edward J. M. Manderson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper develops an econometric forecasting system of energy demand coupled with engineering-economic models of energy supply. The framework is used to quantify the impact of state-level renewable portfolio standards (RPSs) achieved predominately with solar generation on electricity rates, electricity consumption, and environmental quality. We perform the analysis using Arizona’s RPS as a case study. We forecast energy demand in Arizona out to 2035, and find by this time the state will require an additional 35 million MWh of electricity generation. If Arizona implements its RPS when supplying this electricity demand, we find there will be a substantial increase in electricity rates (relative to a business-as-usual scenario of reliance on gas-fired generation). Extending the current regime of tax credits can greatly reduce this increase, at the taxpayers’ expense. We find that by 2025 Arizona’s RPS will implicitly abate carbon dioxide emissions at a cost between $101 and $135 per metric ton, and by 2035 abatement costs are between $64 and $112 per metric ton (depending on the future evolution of nature gas prices). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electricity%20demand" title="electricity demand">electricity demand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20portfolio%20standard" title=" renewable portfolio standard"> renewable portfolio standard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar" title=" solar"> solar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20dioxide" title=" carbon dioxide"> carbon dioxide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25663/the-cost-of-solar-centric-renewable-portfolio" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25663.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">485</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Comparative Analysis of Single Versus Multi-IRS Assisted Multi-User Wireless Communication System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayalew%20Tadese%20Kibret">Ayalew Tadese Kibret</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Belayneh%20Sisay%20Alemu"> Belayneh Sisay Alemu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amare%20Kassaw%20Yimer"> Amare Kassaw Yimer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) are considered to be a key enabling technology for sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks. IRSs are electromagnetic (EM) surfaces that are fabricated and have integrated electronics, electronically controlled processes, and particularly wireless communication features. IRSs operate without the need for complex signal processing and the encoding and decoding steps that improve the signal quality at the receiver. Improving vital performance parameters such as energy efficiency (EE) and spectral efficiency (SE) have frequently been the primary goals of research in order to meet the increasing requirements for advanced services in the future 6G communications. In this research, we conduct a comparative analysis on single and multi-IRS wireless communication networks using energy and spectrum efficiency. The energy efficiency versus user distance, energy efficiency versus signal to noise ratio, and spectral efficiency versus user distance are the basis for our result with 1, 2, 4, and 6 IRSs. According to the results of our simulation, in terms of energy and spectral efficiency, six IRS perform better than four, two, and single IRS. Overall, our results suggest that multi-IRS-assisted wireless communication systems outperform single IRS systems in terms of communication performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sixth-generation%20%286G%29" title="sixth-generation (6G)">sixth-generation (6G)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20networks" title=" wireless networks"> wireless networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intelligent%20reflecting%20surfaces" title=" intelligent reflecting surfaces"> intelligent reflecting surfaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title=" energy efficiency"> energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20efficiency" title=" spectral efficiency"> spectral efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191794/comparative-analysis-of-single-versus-multi-irs-assisted-multi-user-wireless-communication-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191794.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">25</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Multilevel Modeling of the Progression of HIV/AIDS Disease among Patients under HAART Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Awol%20Seid%20Ebrie">Awol Seid Ebrie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> HIV results as an incurable disease, AIDS. After a person is infected with virus, the virus gradually destroys all the infection fighting cells called CD4 cells and makes the individual susceptible to opportunistic infections which cause severe or fatal health problems. Several studies show that the CD4 cells count is the most determinant indicator of the effectiveness of the treatment or progression of the disease. The objective of this paper is to investigate the progression of the disease over time among patient under HAART treatment. Two main approaches of the generalized multilevel ordinal models; namely the proportional odds model and the nonproportional odds model have been applied to the HAART data. Also, the multilevel part of both models includes random intercepts and random coefficients. In general, four models are explored in the analysis and then the models are compared using the deviance information criteria. Of these models, the random coefficients nonproportional odds model is selected as the best model for the HAART data used as it has the smallest DIC value. The selected model shows that the progression of the disease increases as the time under the treatment increases. In addition, it reveals that gender, baseline clinical stage and functional status of the patient have a significant association with the progression of the disease. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonproportional%20odds%20model" title="nonproportional odds model">nonproportional odds model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proportional%20odds%20model" title=" proportional odds model"> proportional odds model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20coefficients%20model" title=" random coefficients model"> random coefficients model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20intercepts%20model" title=" random intercepts model"> random intercepts model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34642/multilevel-modeling-of-the-progression-of-hivaids-disease-among-patients-under-haart-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34642.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">421</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Exploring the Relationship between the Adoption of Environmental Processes, Policies, Techniques and Environmental Operational Performance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renata%20Konadu">Renata Konadu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Over the last two decades, the concept of environmental management and its related issues have received increased attention in global discourse and on management research agenda due to climate change and other environmental challenges. To abate and avert these challenges, diverse environmental policies, strategies and practices have been adopted by businesses and economies as a whole. Extant literature has placed much emphasis on whether improved environmental operational performance improves firm performance. However, there is a huge gap in the literature with regards to whether the adoption of environmental management practices and policies has a direct relationship with environmental operational performance (EOP). The current paper is intended to provide a comprehensive perspective of how different aspects of environmental management can relate to firms EOP. Using a panel regression analysis of 149 large listed firms in the UK, the study found evidence of both negative and positive statistically significant link between some Environmental Policies (EP), Environmental Processes (EPR), Environmental Management Systems (EMS) and EOP. The findings suggest that in terms of relating EP, EPR and EMS to Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) emissions for instance, the latter should be viewed separately in Scopes 1, 2 and 3 as developed by GHG protocol. The results have useful implication for policy makers and managers when designing strategies and policies to reduce negative environmental impacts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20management" title="environmental management">environmental management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20operational%20performance" title=" environmental operational performance"> environmental operational performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GHGs" title=" GHGs"> GHGs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=large%20listed%20firms" title=" large listed firms"> large listed firms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51206/exploring-the-relationship-between-the-adoption-of-environmental-processes-policies-techniques-and-environmental-operational-performance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51206.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">254</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Valuation of Entrepreneurship Education (EE) Curriculum and Self-Employment Generation among Graduates of Tertiary Institutions in Edo State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angela%20Obose%20Oriazowanlan">Angela Obose Oriazowanlan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite the introduction of Entrepreneurship education into the Nigerian University curriculum to prepare graduates for self-employment roles in order to abate employment challenges, their unemployment rate still soars high. The study, therefore, examined the relevance of the curriculum contents and its delivery mechanism to equip graduates with appropriate entrepreneurial skills prior to graduation. Four research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The survey research design was adopted for the study. An infinite population of graduates of a period of five years with 200 sample representatives using the simple random sampling technique was adopted. A 45-item structured questionnaire was used for data gathering. The gathered data thereof was anlysed using the descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation, while the formulated hypotheses were tested with Z-score at 0.5 level of significance. The findings revealed, among others, that graduates acquisition of appropriate entrepreneurial skills for self-employment generation is low due to curriculum deficiencies, insufficient time allotment, and the delivery mechanism. It was recommended, among others, that the curriculum should be reviewed to improve its relevancy and that sufficient time should be allotted to enable adequate teaching and learning process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaluation%20of%20entrepreneurship%20education%20%28EE%29%20curriculum" title="evaluation of entrepreneurship education (EE) curriculum">evaluation of entrepreneurship education (EE) curriculum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-employment%20generation" title=" self-employment generation"> self-employment generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graduates%20of%20tertiary%20institutions" title=" graduates of tertiary institutions"> graduates of tertiary institutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edo%20state" title=" Edo state"> Edo state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149428/valuation-of-entrepreneurship-education-ee-curriculum-and-self-employment-generation-among-graduates-of-tertiary-institutions-in-edo-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149428.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">99</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Extraction and Characterization of Ethiopian Hibiscus macranthus Bast Fiber</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Solomon%20Tilahun%20Desisa">Solomon Tilahun Desisa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muktar%20Seid%20Hussen"> Muktar Seid Hussen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hibiscus macranthus is one of family Malvaceae and genus Hibiscus plant which grows mainly in western part of Ethiopia. Hibiscus macranthus is the most adaptable and abundant plant in the nation, which are used as an ornamental plant often a hedge or fence plant, and used as a firewood after harvesting the stem together with the bark, and used also as a fiber for trying different kinds of things by forming the rope. However, Hibiscus macranthus plant fibre has not been commercially exploited and extracted properly. This study of work describes the possibility of mechanical and retting methods of Hibiscus macranthus fibre extraction and characterization. Hibiscus macranthus fibre is a bast fibre which obtained naturally from the stem or stalks of the dicotyledonous plant since it is a natural cellulose plant fiber. And the fibre characterized by studying its physical and chemical properties. The physical characteristics were investigated as follows, including the length of 100-190mm, fineness of 1.0-1.2Tex, diameter under X100 microscopic view 16-21 microns, the moisture content of 12.46% and dry tenacity of 48-57cN/Tex along with breaking extension of 0.9-1.6%. Hibiscus macranthus fiber productivity was observed that 12-18% of the stem out of which more than 65% is primary long fibers. The fiber separation methods prove to decrease of non-cellulose ingredients in the order of mechanical, water and chemical methods. The color measurement also shows the raw Hibiscus macranthus fiber has a natural golden color according to YID1925 and paler look under both retting methods than mechanical separation. Finally, it is suggested that Hibiscus macranthus fibre can be used for manufacturing of natural and organic crop and coffee packages as well as super absorbent, fine and high tenacity textile products. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hibiscus%20macranthus" title="Hibiscus macranthus">Hibiscus macranthus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bast%20fiber" title=" bast fiber"> bast fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extraction" title=" extraction"> extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characterization" title=" characterization"> characterization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89825/extraction-and-characterization-of-ethiopian-hibiscus-macranthus-bast-fiber" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89825.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">210</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> Treatment of Healthcare Wastewater Using The Peroxi-Photoelectrocoagulation Process: Predictive Models for Chemical Oxygen Demand, Color Removal, and Electrical Energy Consumption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20Fekadu%20A.">Samuel Fekadu A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esayas%20Alemayehu%20B."> Esayas Alemayehu B.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bultum%20Oljira%20D."> Bultum Oljira D.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seid%20Tiku%20D."> Seid Tiku D.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dessalegn%20Dadi%20D."> Dessalegn Dadi D.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bart%20Van%20Der%20Bruggen%20A."> Bart Van Der Bruggen A.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The peroxi-photoelectrocoagulation process was evaluated for the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color from healthcare wastewater. A 2-level full factorial design with center points was created to investigate the effect of the process parameters, i.e., initial COD, H₂O₂, pH, reaction time and current density. Furthermore, the total energy consumption and average current efficiency in the system were evaluated. Predictive models for % COD, % color removal and energy consumption were obtained. The initial COD and pH were found to be the most significant variables in the reduction of COD and color in peroxi-photoelectrocoagulation process. Hydrogen peroxide only has a significant effect on the treated wastewater when combined with other input variables in the process like pH, reaction time and current density. In the peroxi-photoelectrocoagulation process, current density appears not as a single effect but rather as an interaction effect with H₂O₂ in reducing COD and color. Lower energy expenditure was observed at higher initial COD, shorter reaction time and lower current density. The average current efficiency was found as low as 13 % and as high as 777 %. Overall, the study showed that hybrid electrochemical oxidation can be applied effectively and efficiently for the removal of pollutants from healthcare wastewater. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20oxidation" title="electrochemical oxidation">electrochemical oxidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UV" title=" UV"> UV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare%20pollutants%20removals" title=" healthcare pollutants removals"> healthcare pollutants removals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factorial%20design" title=" factorial design"> factorial design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162986/treatment-of-healthcare-wastewater-using-the-peroxi-photoelectrocoagulation-process-predictive-models-for-chemical-oxygen-demand-color-removal-and-electrical-energy-consumption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162986.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> A Sustainable Energy Portfolio for Greater Kampala Metropolitan Area by the Mid-Century</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ismail%20Kimuli">Ismail Kimuli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With a steadfast economic development, the Greater Kampala metropolitan area (GKMA) faces increasing pressures to increasetheshare of low-carbon electricity in the energy balance, abate CO2 emissions and also restructure the transportation sector for a sustainable 2050. GKMA, is Uganda’s commercial, political, social, and industrial hub with a population of 4.1 million, contributing 60% tothe nation’s GDP and accounts for 80% of Uganda’s industrial sector.However, with the rampant anthropogenic interference that causes climate change, CO2 emissions in the metropolitan are contributing to global warming. Many economies across the globe are addressing this challengethrough development and analysis of sustainable energy portfolios.A sustainable energy portfolio is a low-carbon scenario. The study reviews the literature to establish the current energy management situation of GKMA and finds it wanting in addressing the immediate challenges associated with energy management of the metropolitan. Then, the study develops and examines a sustainable energy portfolio for GKMA using TIMES-VEDA and then presents it as an investigative low-carbon energy scenario that could propel the metropolitan sustainably towards 2050.Sustainability is plausible by optimizing the total primary energy supply, generating low-carbon electricity from hydropower and PV-solar renewables, improving heating technologies for residential & commercial sectors, and switching 90% of land passengers from road to a Kampala metro for a sustainable mid-century. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GKMA" title="GKMA">GKMA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TIMES-VEDA" title=" TIMES-VEDA"> TIMES-VEDA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-carbon%20scenario" title=" low-carbon scenario"> low-carbon scenario</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147164/a-sustainable-energy-portfolio-for-greater-kampala-metropolitan-area-by-the-mid-century" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147164.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> Unlocking the Potential of Phosphatic Wastes: Sustainable Valorization Pathways for Synthesizing Functional Metal-Organic Frameworks and Zeolites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Mohammed%20Yimer">Ali Mohammed Yimer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayalew%20H.%20Assen"> Ayalew H. Assen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youssef%20Belmabkhout"> Youssef Belmabkhout</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study delves into sustainable approaches for valorizing phosphatic wastes, specifically phosphate mining wastes and phosphogypsum, which are byproducts of phosphate industries and pose significant environmental challenges due to their accumulation. We propose a unified strategic synthesis method aimed at converting these wastes into hetero-functional porous materials. Our approach involves isolating the primary components of phosphatic wastes, such as CaO, SiO2 and Al2O3 to fabricate functional porous materials falling into two distinct classes. Firstly, alumina and silica components are extracted or isolated to produce zeolites (including CAN, GIS, SOD, FAU, and LTA), characterized by a Si/Al ratio of less than 5. Secondly, residual calcium is utilized to synthesize calcium-based metal–organic frameworks (Ca-MOFs) employing various organic linkers like Ca-BDC, Ca-BTC and Ca-TCPB (SBMOF-2), thereby providing flexibility in material design. Characterization techniques including XRD, SEM-EDX, FTIR, and TGA-MS affirm successful material assembly, while sorption analyses using N2, CO2, and H2O demonstrate the porosity of the materials. Particularly noteworthy is the water/alcohol separation potential exhibited by the Ca-BTC MOF, owing to its optimal pore aperture size (∼3.4 Å). To enhance replicability and scalability, detailed protocols for each synthesis step and specific conditions for each process are provided, ensuring that the methodology can be easily reproduced and scaled up for industrial applications. This synthetic transformation approach represents a valorization route for converting phosphatic wastes into extended porous structures, promising significant environmental and economic benefits. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium-based%20metal-organic%20frameworks" title="calcium-based metal-organic frameworks">calcium-based metal-organic frameworks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-silica%20zeolites" title=" low-silica zeolites"> low-silica zeolites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20materials" title=" porous materials"> porous materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20synthesis" title=" sustainable synthesis"> sustainable synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=valorization" title=" valorization"> valorization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188791/unlocking-the-potential-of-phosphatic-wastes-sustainable-valorization-pathways-for-synthesizing-functional-metal-organic-frameworks-and-zeolites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188791.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">38</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Modernizer'ness as Madness: A Comparative Historical Study of Emperor Tewodros II of Ethiopia and Sultan Selim III of Ottoman Turkey's Modernization Reforms </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seid%20Ahmed%20Mohammed">Seid Ahmed Mohammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nedim%20Yalansiz"> Nedim Yalansiz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many historians hardly gave due attention for historical comparison as their methods of study. They were still stunt supporter of the use of their own historical research method in their studies. But this method lacks the way to analyze some worldwide dynamics of events in comparative perspectives. Some dynamics like revolution, modernization, societal change and transformation needs broader analysis for broadening our historical knowledge’s by comparing and contrasting of the causes, courses and consequences of such dynamics historical developments in the world at large. In this paper, our study focuses up on ‘the dynamics of modernization’ and the challenge of modernity of the old regimes. For instance, countries like Turkey, Ethiopia, China, Russia, Iran, Afghanistan and Thailand have almost the same dynamics in facing the challenge of modernity. In such countries, the old regimes tried to introduce modernization and ‘reform from the above’ in order to tackle the gradual decline of the empire that faced strong challenge from the outside world. The other similarity of them was that as the rulers attempted to introduce the modernization reforms the old traditional and the religious institutions strongly opposed the reforms as the reforms alienated the power and prestige of the traditional classes. Similarly, the rules introduced modernization for maintaining their own unique socio-cultural and religious dynamics not as borrowing and acculturation of the west by complete destruction of their own. Therefore, this paper attempted to give a comparative analysis of two modernizers Tewodros II (1855-1868) of Ethiopia and Sultan Selim III (1739-1808) of Ottoman Turkey who tried to modernize their empire unfortunately they paid their precious life as a result of modernization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comparative%20history" title="comparative history">comparative history</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ethiopia" title=" Ethiopia"> Ethiopia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modernization" title=" modernization"> modernization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ottoman%20Turkey" title=" Ottoman Turkey"> Ottoman Turkey</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85701/modernizerness-as-madness-a-comparative-historical-study-of-emperor-tewodros-ii-of-ethiopia-and-sultan-selim-iii-of-ottoman-turkeys-modernization-reforms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85701.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">206</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Cleaner Production Options for Fishery Wastes around Lake Tana-Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demisash">Demisash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abate%20Getnet"> Abate Getnet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gudisa"> Gudisa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ababo%20Geleta"> Ababo Geleta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daba"> Daba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Berhane%20Olani"> Berhane Olani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As consumption trends of fish are rising in Ethiopia, assessment of the environmental performance of Fisheries becomes vital. Hence, Cleaner Production Assessment was conducted on Lake Tana No.1 Fish Supply Association. This paper focuses on determining the characteristics, quantity, and setting up cleaner production options for the site with the experimental investigation. The survey analysis showed that illegal waste dumping in Lake Tana is common practice in the area, and some of the main reasons raised were they have no option than doing this for dis-charging fish wastes. Quantifying a fish waste by examination of records at the point of generation resulted in a generation rate of 72,822.61 kg per year, which is a significant amount of waste and needs management system. The result of the proximate analysis showed high free fat content of about 12.33%, and this was a good candidate for the production of biodiesel that has been set as an option for fish waste utilization. Among the different waste management options, waste reduction by product optimization, which involves biodiesel production, was chosen as a potential method. Laboratory scale experiments were performed to produce a renewable energy source from the wastes. The resulting biodiesel was characterized and found to have a density of 0.756kg/L, viscosity 0.24p, and 153°C flashpoints, which shows the product has values in compliance with the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodiesel" title="biodiesel">biodiesel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cleaner%20production" title=" cleaner production"> cleaner production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20management" title=" waste management"> waste management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125545/cleaner-production-options-for-fishery-wastes-around-lake-tana-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125545.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Cleaner Production Options for Fishery Wastes Around Lake Tana-Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abate%20Getnet%20Demisash">Abate Getnet Demisash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beshatu%20Taye%20Hatew"> Beshatu Taye Hatew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ababo%20Geleta%20Gudisa"> Ababo Geleta Gudisa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As consumption trends of fish are rising in Ethiopia, assessment of the environmental performance of Fisheries becomes vital. Hence, Cleaner Production Assessment was conducted on Lake Tana No.1 Fish Supply Association. This paper focuses on determining the characteristics, quantity and setting up cleaner production option for the site with experimental investigation. The survey analysis showed that illegal waste dumping in Lake Tana is common practice in the area and some of the main reasons raised were they have no option than doing this for discharging fish wastes. Quantifying a fish waste by examination of records at the point of generation resulted in generation rate of 72,822.61 kg per year which is a significant amount of waste and needs management system. The result of the proximate analysis showed high free fat content of about 12.33% and this was a good candidate for the production of biodiesel that has been set as an option for fish waste utilization. Among the different waste management options, waste reduction by product optimization which involves biodiesel production was chosen as a potential method. Laboratory scale experiments were performed to produce renewable energy source from the wastes. The resulting biodiesel was characterized and found to have a density of 0.756kg/L, viscosity 0.24p and 153°C flash points which shows the product has values in compliance with American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodiesel" title="biodiesel">biodiesel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cleaner%20production" title=" cleaner production"> cleaner production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clean%20energy" title=" clean energy"> clean energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20to%20energy" title=" waste to energy"> waste to energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154390/cleaner-production-options-for-fishery-wastes-around-lake-tana-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154390.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Developing Digital Skills in Museum Professionals through Digital Education: International Good Practices and Effective Learning Experiences</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antonella%20Poce">Antonella Poce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deborah%20Seid%20Howes"> Deborah Seid Howes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Rosaria%20Re"> Maria Rosaria Re</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mara%20Valente"> Mara Valente</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Creative Industries education contexts, Museum Education in particular, generally presents a low emphasis on the use of new digital technologies, digital abilities and transversal skills development. The spread of the Covid-19 pandemic has underlined the importance of these abilities and skills in cultural heritage education contexts: gaining digital skills, museum professionals will improve their career opportunities with access to new distribution markets through internet access and e-commerce, new entrepreneurial tools, or adding new forms of digital expression to their work. However, the use of web, mobile, social, and analytical tools is becoming more and more essential in the Heritage field, and museums, in particular, to face the challenges posed by the current worldwide health emergency. Recent studies highlight the need for stronger partnerships between the cultural and creative sectors, social partners and education and training providers in order to provide these sectors with the combination of skills needed for creative entrepreneurship in a rapidly changing environment. Considering the above conditions, the paper presents different examples of digital learning experiences carried out in Italian and USA contexts with the aim of promoting digital skills in museum professionals. In particular, a quali-quantitative research study has been conducted on two international Postgraduate courses, “Advanced Studies in Museum Education” (2 years) and “Museum Education” (1 year), in order to identify the educational effectiveness of the online learning strategies used (e.g., OBL, Digital Storytelling, peer evaluation) for the development of digital skills and the acquisition of specific content. More than 50 museum professionals participating in the mentioned educational pathways took part in the learning activity, providing evaluation data useful for research purposes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20skills" title="digital skills">digital skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=museum%20professionals" title=" museum professionals"> museum professionals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology" title=" technology"> technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146256/developing-digital-skills-in-museum-professionals-through-digital-education-international-good-practices-and-effective-learning-experiences" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146256.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Slope Stability Analysis and Evaluation of Road Cut Slope in Case of Goro to Abagada Road, Adama</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ezedin%20Geta%20Seid">Ezedin Geta Seid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Slope failures are among the common geo-environmental natural hazards in the hilly and mountainous terrain of the world causing damages to human life and destruction of infrastructures. In Ethiopia, the demand for the construction of infrastructures, especially highways and railways, has increased to connect the developmental centers. However, the failure of roadside slopes formed due to the difficulty of geographical locations is the major difficulty for this development. As a result, a comprehensive site-specific investigation of destabilizing agents and a suitable selection of slope profiles are needed during design. Hence, this study emphasized the stability analysis and performance evaluation of slope profiles (single slope, multi-slope, and benched slope). The analysis was conducted for static and dynamic loading conditions using limit equilibrium (slide software) and finite element method (Praxis software). The analysis results in selected critical sections show that the slope is marginally stable, with FS varying from 1.2 to 1.5 in static conditions, and unstable with FS below 1 in dynamic conditions. From the comparison of analysis methods, the finite element method provides more valuable information about the failure surface of a slope than limit equilibrium analysis. Performance evaluation of geometric profiles shows that geometric modification provides better and more economical slope stability. Benching provides significant stability for cut slopes (i.e., the use of 2m and 3m bench improves the factor of safety by 7.5% and 12% from a single slope profile). The method is more effective on steep slopes. Similarly, the use of a multi-slope profile improves the stability of the slope in stratified soil with varied strength. The performance is more significant when it is used in combination with benches. The study also recommends drainage control and slope reinforcement as a remedial measure for cut slopes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slope%20failure" title="slope failure">slope failure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slope%20profile" title=" slope profile"> slope profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bench%20slope" title=" bench slope"> bench slope</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi%20slope" title=" multi slope"> multi slope</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189157/slope-stability-analysis-and-evaluation-of-road-cut-slope-in-case-of-goro-to-abagada-road-adama" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189157.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">31</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Advancing Environmental Remediation Through the Production of Functional Porous Materials from Phosphorite Residue Tailings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Mohammed%20Yimer">Ali Mohammed Yimer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayalew%20Assen"> Ayalew Assen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youssef%20Belmabkhout"> Youssef Belmabkhout</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Environmental remediation is a pressing global concern, necessitating innovative strategies to address the challenges posed by industrial waste and pollution. This study aims to advance environmental remediation by developing cutting-edge functional porous materials from phosphorite residue tailings. Phosphorite mining activities generate vast amounts of waste, which pose significant environmental risks due to their contaminants. The proposed approach involved transforming these phosphorite residue tailings into valuable porous materials through a series of physico-chemical processes including milling, acid-base leaching, designing or templating as well as formation processes. The key components of the tailings were extracted and processed to produce porous arrays with high surface area and porosity. These materials were engineered to possess specific properties suitable for environmental remediation applications, such as enhanced adsorption capacity and selectivity for target contaminants. The synthesized porous materials were thoroughly characterized using advanced analytical techniques (XRD, SEM-EDX, N2 sorption, TGA, FTIR) to assess their structural, morphological, and chemical properties. The performance of the materials in removing various pollutants, including heavy metals and organic compounds, were evaluated through batch adsorption experiments. Additionally, the potential for material regeneration and reusability was investigated to enhance the sustainability of the proposed remediation approach. The outdoors of this research holds significant promise for addressing the environmental challenges associated with phosphorite residue tailings. By valorizing these waste materials into porous materials with exceptional remediation capabilities, this study contributes to the development of sustainable and cost-effective solutions for environmental cleanup. Furthermore, the utilization of phosphorite residue tailings in this manner offers a potential avenue for the remediation of other contaminated sites, thereby fostering a circular economy approach to waste management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20porous%20materials" title="functional porous materials">functional porous materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphorite%20residue%20tailings" title=" phosphorite residue tailings"> phosphorite residue tailings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title=" adsorption"> adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20remediation" title=" environmental remediation"> environmental remediation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20solutions" title=" sustainable solutions"> sustainable solutions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181998/advancing-environmental-remediation-through-the-production-of-functional-porous-materials-from-phosphorite-residue-tailings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181998.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">59</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Mitigating Ruminal Methanogenesis Through Genomic and Transcriptomic Approaches</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Adeel%20Arshad">Muhammad Adeel Arshad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faiz-Ul%20Hassan"> Faiz-Ul Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yanfen%20Cheng"> Yanfen Cheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> According to FAO, enteric methane (CH4) production is about 44% of all greenhouse gas emissions from the livestock sector. Ruminants produce CH4 as a result of fermentation of feed in the rumen especially from roughages which yield more CH4 per unit of biomass ingested as compared to concentrates. Efficient ruminal fermentation is not possible without abating CO2 and CH4. Methane abatement strategies are required to curb the predicted rise in emissions associated with greater ruminant production in future to meet ever increasing animal protein requirements. Ecology of ruminal methanogenesis and avenues for its mitigation can be identified through various genomic and transcriptomic techniques. Programs such as Hungate1000 and the Global Rumen Census have been launched to enhance our understanding about global ruminal microbial communities. Through Hungate1000 project, a comprehensive reference set of rumen microbial genome sequences has been developed from cultivated rumen bacteria and methanogenic archaea along with representative rumen anaerobic fungi and ciliate protozoa cultures. But still many species of rumen microbes are underrepresented especially uncultivable microbes. Lack of sequence information specific to the rumen's microbial community has inhibited efforts to use genomic data to identify specific set of species and their target genes involved in methanogenesis. Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic study of entire microbial rumen populations offer new perspectives to understand interaction of methanogens with other rumen microbes and their potential association with total gas and methane production. Deep understanding of methanogenic pathway will help to devise potentially effective strategies to abate methane production while increasing feed efficiency in ruminants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Genome%20sequences" title="Genome sequences">Genome sequences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hungate1000" title=" Hungate1000"> Hungate1000</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methanogens" title=" methanogens"> methanogens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ruminal%20fermentation" title=" ruminal fermentation"> ruminal fermentation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128010/mitigating-ruminal-methanogenesis-through-genomic-and-transcriptomic-approaches" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128010.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> The Effect of Wet Cooling Pad Thickness and Geometric Configuration to Enhance Evaporative Cooler Saturation Efficiency: A Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Biruk%20Abate">Biruk Abate</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Evaporative cooling occurs when air with high temperature and reduced humidity passes over a wet porous surface and a higher degree of cooling process is achieved for storage of fruits and vegetables due to greater rate of evaporation. The main objective of this reviewed study is to understand the effect of evaporative surface pad thickness and geometric configuration on the saturation efficiency of evaporative cooler and to state some related factors affecting the performance of the system. From this overview, selection of pad thickness and geometrical shape with suitable characteristics of heat and mass transfer and water holding capacity of the pads was reviewed as these parameters are important for saturation efficiency of evaporative cooling. Increasing the cooling pad thickness through increasing the face velocity increases the effectiveness of wet-bulb saturation. Increasing ambient temperature, inlet air speed and ambient air humidity decreases the wet bulb effectiveness and it increases with increasing length of the pad. Increasing the ambient temperature and inlet air velocity decreases the humidity ratio, but increases with increasing ambient air humidity and lengths of the pad. Increasing the temperature-humidity index is possible with increasing ambient temperature, inlet air velocity, ambient air humidity and pad length. Generally, all materials having a higher wetted surface area per unit volume give higher efficiency. Materials with higher thickness increase the wetted surface area for better mix-up of air and water to give higher efficiency for the same shape and this in turn helps to store fruits and vegetables. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Degree%20of%20cooling" title="Degree of cooling">Degree of cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20and%20mass%20transfer" title=" heat and mass transfer"> heat and mass transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaporative%20cooling" title=" evaporative cooling"> evaporative cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20surface" title=" porous surface"> porous surface</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119789/the-effect-of-wet-cooling-pad-thickness-and-geometric-configuration-to-enhance-evaporative-cooler-saturation-efficiency-a-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119789.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Hematological Profiles of Visceral Leishmaniasis Patients before and after Treatment of Anti-Leishmanial Drugs at University of Gondar Leishmania Research and Treatment Center Northwest, Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fitsumbrhan%20Tajebe">Fitsumbrhan Tajebe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fadil%20Murad"> Fadil Murad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mitikie%20%20Tigabie"> Mitikie Tigabie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mareye%20Abebaw"> Mareye Abebaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadele%20Alemu"> Tadele Alemu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sefanit%20Abate"> Sefanit Abate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rezika%20Mohammedw"> Rezika Mohammedw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arega%20Yeshanew"> Arega Yeshanew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elias%20Shiferaw"> Elias Shiferaw</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Visceral leshimaniasis is a parasitic disease characterized by a systemic infection of phagocytic cells. Hematological parameters of these patients may be affected by the progress of the disease or treatment. Thus, the current study aimed to assess the hematological profiles of visceral leishmaniasis patients before and after treatment. Method: An institutional based retrospective cohort study was conducted among visceral leishmaniasis patients at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Referral Hospital Leishmaniasis Research and Treatment Center from 2013 to 2018. Hematological profiles before initiation and after completion of treatment were extracted from registration book. Descriptive statics was presented using frequency and percentage. Paired t-test and Wilcoxon Signed rank test were used for comparing mean difference for normally and non- normally distributed data, respectively. Spearman and Pearson correlation analysis was used to describe the correlation of hematological parameters with different variables. P value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result: Except absolute nerutrophil count, post treatment hematological parameters show a significant increment compared to pretreatment one. The prevalence of anemia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia was 85.5%, 83.4% and 75.8% prior to treatment and it was 58.3%, 38.2% and 19.2% after treatment, respectively. Moreover, parasite load of the disease showed statistically significant negative correlation with hematological profiles mainly with white blood cell and red blood cell. Conclusion: Majority of hematological profiles of patients with active VL have been restored after treatment, which might be associated with treatment effect on parasite proliferation and concentration of parasite in visceral organ, which directly affect hematological profiles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visceral%20leshimaniasis" title="visceral leshimaniasis">visceral leshimaniasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hematological%20profile" title=" hematological profile"> hematological profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-leshimanial%20drug" title=" anti-leshimanial drug"> anti-leshimanial drug</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gondar" title=" Gondar"> Gondar</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122906/hematological-profiles-of-visceral-leishmaniasis-patients-before-and-after-treatment-of-anti-leishmanial-drugs-at-university-of-gondar-leishmania-research-and-treatment-center-northwest-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122906.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> A Cross-Sectional Study on Clinical Self-Efficacy of Final Year School of Nursing Students among Universities of Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Awole%20Seid">Awole Seid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yosef%20Zenebe"> Yosef Zenebe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadgu%20Gerensea"> Hadgu Gerensea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kebede%20Haile%20Misgina"> Kebede Haile Misgina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Clinical competence is one of the ultimate goals of nursing education. Clinical skills are more than successfully performing tasks; it incorporates client assessment, identification of deficits and the ability to critically think to provide solutions. Assessment of clinical competence, particularly identifying gaps that need improvement and determining the educational needs of nursing students have great importance in nursing education. Thus this study aims determining clinical self-efficacy of final year school of nursing students in three universities of Tigray Region. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 224 final year school of nursing students from department of nursing, psychiatric nursing, and midwifery on three universities of Tigray region. Anonymous self-administered questionnaire was administered to generate data collected on June, 2017. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. The result is described using tables and charts as required. Logistic regression was employed to test associations. Result: The mean age of students was 22.94 + 1.44. Generally, 21% of students have been graduated in the department in which they are not interested. The study demonstrated 28.6% had poor and 71.4% had good perceived clinical self-efficacy. Beside this, 43.8% of psychiatric nursing and 32.6% of comprehensive nursing students have poor clinical self-efficacy. Among the four domains, 39.3% and 37.9% have poor clinical self- efficacy with regard to ‘Professional development’ and ‘Management of care’. Place of the institution [AOR=3.480 (1.333 - 9.088), p=0.011], interest during department selection [AOR=2.202 (1.045 - 4.642), p=.038], and theory-practice gap [AOR=0.224 (0.110 - 0.457), p=0.000] were significantly associated with perceived clinical self-efficacy. Conclusion: The magnitude of students with poor clinically self efficacy was high. Place of institution, theory-practice gap, students interest to the discipline were the significant predictors of clinical self-efficacy. Students from youngest universities have good clinical self-efficacy. During department selection, student’s interest should be respected. The universities and other stakeholders should improve the capacity of surrounding affiliate teaching hospitals to set and improve care standards in order to narrow the theory-practice gap. School faculties should provide trainings to hospital staffs and monitor standards of clinical procedures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clinical%20self-efficacy" title="clinical self-efficacy">clinical self-efficacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nursing%20students" title=" nursing students"> nursing students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tigray" title=" Tigray"> Tigray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=northern%20Ethiopia" title=" northern Ethiopia"> northern Ethiopia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90227/a-cross-sectional-study-on-clinical-self-efficacy-of-final-year-school-of-nursing-students-among-universities-of-tigray-region-northern-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90227.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Numerical Study of Piled Raft Foundation Under Vertical Static and Seismic Loads</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Oumer%20Seid">Hamid Oumer Seid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Piled raft foundation (PRF) is a union of pile and raft working together through the interaction of soil-pile, pile-raft, soil-raft and pile-pile to provide adequate bearing capacity and controlled settlement. A uniform pile positioning is used in PRF; however, there is a wide room for optimization through parametric study under vertical load to result in a safer and economical foundation. Addis Ababa is found in seismic zone 3 with a peak ground acceleration (PGA) above the threshold of damage, which makes investigating the performance of PRF under seismic load considering the dynamic kinematic soil structure interaction (SSI) vital. The study area is located in Addis Ababa around Mexico (commercial bank) and Kirkos (Nib, Zemen and United Bank) in which input parameters (pile length, pile diameter, pile spacing, raft area, raft thickness and load) are taken. A finite difference-based numerical software, FLAC3D V6, was used for the analysis. The Kobe (1995) and Northridge (1994) earthquakes were selected, and deconvolution analysis was done. A close load sharing between pile and raft was achieved at a spacing of 7D with different pile lengths and diameters. The maximum settlement reduction achieved is 9% for a pile of 2m diameter by increasing length from 10m to 20m, which shows pile length is not effective in reducing settlement. The installation of piles results in an increase in the negative bending moment of the raft compared with an unpiled raft. Hence, the optimized design depends on pile spacing and the raft edge length, while pile length and diameter are not significant parameters. An optimized piled raft configuration (𝐴𝐺/𝐴𝑅 = 0.25 at the center and piles provided around the edge) has reduced pile number by 40% and differential settlement by 95%. The dynamic analysis shows acceleration plot at the top of the piled raft has PGA of 0.25𝑚2/𝑠𝑒𝑐 and 0.63𝑚2/𝑠𝑒𝑐 for Northridge (1994) and Kobe (1995) earthquakes, respectively, due to attenuation of seismic waves. Pile head displacement (maximum is 2mm, and it is under the allowable limit) is affected by the PGA rather than the duration of an earthquake. End bearing and friction PRF performed similarly under two different earthquakes except for their vertical settlement considering SSI. Hence, PRF has shown adequate resistance to seismic loads. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FLAC3D%20V6" title="FLAC3D V6">FLAC3D V6</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquake" title=" earthquake"> earthquake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimized%20piled%20raft%20foundation" title=" optimized piled raft foundation"> optimized piled raft foundation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pile%20head%20department" title=" pile head department"> pile head department</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189190/numerical-study-of-piled-raft-foundation-under-vertical-static-and-seismic-loads" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189190.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right 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