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<span>Details</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Details-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Details subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Details-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-ARB_vertex_program" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ARB_vertex_program"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>ARB_vertex_program</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ARB_vertex_program-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ARB_fragment_program" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ARB_fragment_program"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>ARB_fragment_program</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ARB_fragment_program-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-OpenGL_Parameters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#OpenGL_Parameters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>OpenGL Parameters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-OpenGL_Parameters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ARB_Variables" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ARB_Variables"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>ARB Variables</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ARB_Variables-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vertex_Attributes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vertex_Attributes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Vertex Attributes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vertex_Attributes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-State_Matrices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#State_Matrices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>State Matrices</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-State_Matrices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ARB_Assembly_Instructions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ARB_Assembly_Instructions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>ARB Assembly Instructions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ARB_Assembly_Instructions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sample_Code" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sample_Code"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Sample Code</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sample_Code-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet 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</li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input 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is an <a href="/wiki/Help:Page_history" title="Help:Page history">old revision</a> of this page, as edited by <span id="mw-revision-name"><a href="/wiki/User:GreyCat" class="mw-userlink" title="User:GreyCat" data-mw-revid="445553441"><bdi>GreyCat</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:GreyCat" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:GreyCat">talk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/GreyCat" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Special:Contributions/GreyCat">contribs</a>)</span></span> at <span id="mw-revision-date">19:56, 18 August 2011</span><span id="mw-revision-summary"> <span class="comment">(Refined categories)</span></span>. The present address (URL) is a <a href="/wiki/Help:Permanent_link" title="Help:Permanent link">permanent link</a> to this revision, which may differ significantly from the <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARB_assembly_language">current revision</a></span>.</b></p><div id="revision-info-plain" style="display: none;">Revision as of 19:56, 18 August 2011 by <a href="/wiki/User:GreyCat" class="mw-userlink" title="User:GreyCat" data-mw-revid="445553441"><bdi>GreyCat</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:GreyCat" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:GreyCat">talk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/GreyCat" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Special:Contributions/GreyCat">contribs</a>)</span> <span class="comment">(Refined categories)</span></div></div><div id="mw-revision-nav">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=ARB_assembly_language&diff=prev&oldid=445553441" title="ARB assembly language">diff</a>) <a href="/w/index.php?title=ARB_assembly_language&direction=prev&oldid=445553441" title="ARB assembly language">← Previous revision</a> | <a href="/wiki/ARB_assembly_language" title="ARB assembly language">Latest revision</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=ARB_assembly_language&diff=cur&oldid=445553441" title="ARB assembly language">diff</a>) | <a href="/w/index.php?title=ARB_assembly_language&direction=next&oldid=445553441" title="ARB assembly language">Newer revision →</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=ARB_assembly_language&diff=next&oldid=445553441" title="ARB assembly language">diff</a>)</div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p><b>ARB</b> - <b>OpenGL Assembly Language</b> is a low-level <a href="/wiki/Shading_language" title="Shading language">shading language</a>. It was created by the <a href="/wiki/OpenGL_ARB" class="mw-redirect" title="OpenGL ARB">OpenGL ARB</a> to standardize <a href="/wiki/GPU" class="mw-redirect" title="GPU">GPU</a> instructions controlling the hardware <a href="/wiki/Graphics_pipeline" title="Graphics pipeline">graphics pipeline</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Texas_Instruments" title="Texas Instruments">Texas Instruments</a> created the first programmable <a href="/wiki/Graphics_processor" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics processor">graphics processor</a> in 1985: the <a href="/wiki/TMS34010" title="TMS34010">TMS34010</a>, which allowed developers to load and execute code on the processor to control <a href="/wiki/Pixel" title="Pixel">pixel</a> output on a video display. This was followed by the TMS34020 and TMS34082 in 1989, providing programmable 3D graphics output. </p><p><a href="/wiki/NVIDIA" class="mw-redirect" title="NVIDIA">NVIDIA</a> released its first video card <a href="/wiki/NV1" title="NV1">NV1</a> in 1995, which supported quadratic texture mapping. This was followed by the <a href="/wiki/Riva_128" class="mw-redirect" title="Riva 128">Riva 128</a> (NV3) in 1997, providing the first hardware acceleration for <a href="/wiki/Direct3D" title="Direct3D">Direct3D</a>. </p><p>Various video card vendors released their own accelerated boards, each with their own instruction set for <a href="/wiki/GPU" class="mw-redirect" title="GPU">GPU</a> operations. The <a href="/wiki/OpenGL_Architecture_Review_Board" title="OpenGL Architecture Review Board">OpenGL Architecture Review Board</a> (ARB) was formed in 1992, in part to establish standards for the <a href="/wiki/GPU" class="mw-redirect" title="GPU">GPU</a> industry. </p><p>The ARB and <a href="/wiki/NVIDIA" class="mw-redirect" title="NVIDIA">NVIDIA</a> established a number of <a href="/wiki/OpenGL" title="OpenGL">OpenGL</a> extensions to standardize GPU programming<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>: </p> <ul><li>EXT_texture_env_combine - provided a programmable method of combining textures.</li> <li>NV_register_combiners - GeForce 256</li> <li>NV_vertex_program - GeForce 3</li> <li>NV_texture_shader - GeForce 3</li> <li>NV_texture_shader3 - GeForce 4</li> <li>NV_vertex_program2 - GeForce FX</li> <li>NV_fragment_program - GeForce FX</li></ul> <p>This culminated with <a href="/wiki/OpenGL_Architecture_Review_Board" title="OpenGL Architecture Review Board">ARB</a>'s 2002 release of </p> <ul><li>ARB_vertex_program<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>ARB_fragment_program<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>These two extensions provided an industry standard for an assembly language that controlled the <a href="/wiki/GPU" class="mw-redirect" title="GPU">GPU</a> pipeline for 3D vertex and interpolated pixel properties, respectively. </p><p>Subsequent high-level <a href="/wiki/Shading_language" title="Shading language">shading languages</a> sometimes compile to this ARB standard. While 3D developers are now more likely to use a C-like, high-level shading language for <a href="/wiki/GPU" class="mw-redirect" title="GPU">GPU</a> programming, ARB assembly has the advantage of being supported on a wide range of hardware. </p><p>Note however that some features, such as loops and conditionals, are not available in ARB assembly, and using them requires to adopt either the NV_gpu_program4 extension, or the GLSL shading language. </p><p>Most non-nVidia OpenGL implementations do not provide the nVidia ARB assembly extension and do not offer any other way to access all the shader features directly in assembly, forcing the use of GLSL even for machine generated shaders where assembly would be more appropriate. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Details">Details</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ARB_vertex_program">ARB_vertex_program</h3></div> <p>The ARB Vertex Program extension provides APIs to load ARBvp1.0 assembly instructions, enable selected programs, and to set various GPU parameters. </p><p>Vertex programs are used to modify vertex properties, such as position, normals and texture coordinates, that are passed to the next pipeline process: often a fragment shader; more recently, a geometry shader. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ARB_fragment_program">ARB_fragment_program</h3></div> <p>The ARB Fragment Program extension provides APIs to load ARBfp1.0 assembly instructions, enable selected programs, and to set various GPU parameters. </p><p><a href="/wiki/OpenGL" title="OpenGL">OpenGL</a> fragments are interpolated pixel definitions. The <a href="/wiki/GPU" class="mw-redirect" title="GPU">GPU</a>'s vertex processor calculates all the pixels controlled by a set of vertices, interpolates their position and other properties and passes them onto its fragment process. Fragment programs allow developers to modify these pixel properties before they are rendered to a frame buffer for display. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="OpenGL_Parameters">OpenGL Parameters</h3></div> <ul><li><b>Attrib</b> parameters are per-vertex attributes such as vertex normals.</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Local</b> parameters are applied across a program's entire data set for a given shader pass.</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Env</b> parameters are applied across all programs.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ARB_Variables">ARB Variables</h3></div> <p>All ARB assembly variables are float4 vectors, which may be addressed by xyzw or rgba suffixes. </p><p>ARB registers are scalar variables where only one element may be addressed. </p> <ul><li><b>ADDRESS</b> variables are registers.</li></ul> <ul><li><b>ATTRIB</b> are per-vertex attributes.</li></ul> <ul><li><b>PARAM</b> are uniform properties - constants, Env or Local.</li></ul> <ul><li><b>TEMP</b> temporary variables.</li></ul> <ul><li><b>ALIAS</b> provides alternate names for variables.</li></ul> <ul><li><b>OUTPUT</b> designates variables that are passed back to the pipeline.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vertex_Attributes">Vertex Attributes</h3></div> <p>ARB assembly supports the following suffixes for vertex attributes: </p> <ul><li><b>position</b></li> <li><b>weight</b></li> <li><b>normal</b></li> <li><b>color</b></li> <li><b>fogcoord</b></li> <li><b>texcoord</b></li> <li><b>matrixindex</b></li> <li><b>attrib</b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="State_Matrices">State Matrices</h3></div> <p>ARB assembly supports the following state matrices: </p> <ul><li><b>modelview</b></li> <li><b>projection</b></li> <li><b>texture</b></li> <li><b>palette</b></li> <li><b>program</b></li></ul> <p>The following modifiers may be used: </p> <ul><li><b>inverse</b></li> <li><b>transpose</b></li> <li><b>invtrans</b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ARB_Assembly_Instructions">ARB Assembly Instructions</h3></div> <p>ARB supports the following instructions: </p> <ul><li><b>ABS</b> - absolute value</li> <li><b>ADD</b> - add</li> <li><b>ARL</b> - address register load</li> <li><b>DP3</b> - 3-component <a href="/wiki/Dot_product" title="Dot product">dot product</a></li> <li><b>DP4</b> - 4-component <a href="/wiki/Dot_product" title="Dot product">dot product</a></li> <li><b>DPH</b> - homogeneous <a href="/wiki/Dot_product" title="Dot product">dot product</a></li> <li><b>DST</b> - distance vector</li> <li><b>EX2</b> - exponential base 2</li> <li><b>EXP</b> - exponential base 2 (approximate)</li> <li><b>FLR</b> - floor</li> <li><b>FRC</b> - fraction</li> <li><b>LG2</b> - logarithm base 2</li> <li><b>LIT</b> - compute light coefficients</li> <li><b>LOG</b> - logarithm base 2 (approximate)</li> <li><b>MAD</b> - multiply and add</li> <li><b>MAX</b> - maximum</li> <li><b>MIN</b> - minimum</li> <li><b>MOV</b> - move</li> <li><b>MUL</b> - multiply</li> <li><b>POW</b> - exponentiate</li> <li><b>RCP</b> - reciprocal</li> <li><b>RSQ</b> - <a href="/wiki/Reciprocal_square_root" class="mw-redirect" title="Reciprocal square root">reciprocal square root</a></li> <li><b>SGE</b> - set on greater than or equal</li> <li><b>SLT</b> - set on less than</li> <li><b>SUB</b> - subtract</li> <li><b>SWZ</b> - extended <a href="/wiki/Swizzling_(computer_graphics)" title="Swizzling (computer graphics)">swizzle</a></li> <li><b>XPD</b> - <a href="/wiki/Cross_product" title="Cross product">cross product</a></li></ul> <p>This is only a partial list of assembly instructions ; a reference can be found here : <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.renderguild.com/gpuguide.pdf">Shader Assembly Language (ARB/NV) Quick Reference Guide for OpenGL</a>. </p><p>ARB assembly provides no instructions for flow control or branching. SGE and SLT may be used to conditionally set or clear vectors or registers. </p><p>ARB interfaces provide no compiling step for assembly language. </p><p>GL_NV_fragment_program_option extends the ARB_fragment_program language with additional instructions. GL_NV_fragment_program2, GL_NV_vertex_program2_option and GL_NV_vertex_program3 extend it further. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sample_Code">Sample Code</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="A_sample_trivial_ARB_Vertex_Shader">A sample trivial ARB Vertex Shader</h3></div> <pre>!!ARBvp1.0 TEMP vertexClip; DP4 vertexClip.x, state.matrix.mvp.row[0], vertex.position; DP4 vertexClip.y, state.matrix.mvp.row[1], vertex.position; DP4 vertexClip.z, state.matrix.mvp.row[2], vertex.position; DP4 vertexClip.w, state.matrix.mvp.row[3], vertex.position; MOV result.position, vertexClip; MOV result.color, vertex.color; MOV result.texcoord[0], vertex.texcoord; END </pre> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="A_sample_trivial_ARB_Fragment_Shader">A sample trivial ARB Fragment Shader</h3></div> <pre>!!ARBfp1.0 TEMP color; MUL color, fragment.texcoord[0].y, 2.0; ADD color, 1.0, -color; ABS color, color; ADD result.color, 1.0, -color; MOV result.color.a, 1.0; END </pre> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OpenGL" title="OpenGL">OpenGL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenGL_Architecture_Review_Board" title="OpenGL Architecture Review Board">OpenGL Architecture Review Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shading_language" title="Shading language">Shader Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_assemblers" class="mw-redirect" title="List of assemblers">Assembly Languages</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSimon_Green" class="citation web cs1">Simon Green. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://download.nvidia.com/developer/presentations/2004/6800_Leagues/6800_Leagues_OpenGL_exts.pdf">"History of Programmability in OpenGL"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+Programmability+in+OpenGL&rft.au=Simon+Green&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdownload.nvidia.com%2Fdeveloper%2Fpresentations%2F2004%2F6800_Leagues%2F6800_Leagues_OpenGL_exts.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AARB+assembly+language" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFARB" class="citation web cs1">ARB. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oss.sgi.com/projects/ogl-sample/registry/ARB/vertex_program.txt">"ARB_vertex_program"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ARB_vertex_program&rft.au=ARB&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foss.sgi.com%2Fprojects%2Fogl-sample%2Fregistry%2FARB%2Fvertex_program.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AARB+assembly+language" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFARB" class="citation web cs1">ARB. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oss.sgi.com/projects/ogl-sample/registry/ARB/fragment_program.txt">"ARB_fragment_program"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ARB_fragment_program&rft.au=ARB&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foss.sgi.com%2Fprojects%2Fogl-sample%2Fregistry%2FARB%2Ffragment_program.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AARB+assembly+language" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ARB_assembly_language&oldid=445553441">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ARB_assembly_language&oldid=445553441</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a 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