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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%88%D1%8A%D0%BD%D1%8A%D0%BB_%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%8E%D0%BD" title="Интернешънъл Хералд Трибюн – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Интернешънъл Хералд Трибюн" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Herald_Tribune" title="International Herald Tribune – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="International Herald Tribune" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Herald_Tribune" title="International Herald Tribune – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="International Herald Tribune" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Herald_Tribune" title="International Herald Tribune – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="International Herald Tribune" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Herald_Tribune" title="International Herald Tribune – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="International Herald Tribune" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Herald_Tribune" title="International Herald Tribune – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="International Herald Tribune" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Herald_Tribune" title="International Herald Tribune – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="International Herald Tribune" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Herald_Tribune" title="International Herald Tribune – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" 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For its predecessors, see <a href="/wiki/New_York_Herald_Tribune#European_edition" title="New York Herald Tribune">New York Herald Tribune § European edition</a>, and <a href="/wiki/New_York_Herald#European_edition" title="New York Herald">New York Herald § European edition</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250428316">.mw-parser-output .ib-newspaper .infobox-title{font-size:125%;font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .ib-newspaper .logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}</style><table class="infobox vcard ib-newspaper"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">International Herald Tribune</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:International_Herald_Tribune.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/International_Herald_Tribune.svg/220px-International_Herald_Tribune.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/International_Herald_Tribune.svg/330px-International_Herald_Tribune.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/International_Herald_Tribune.svg/440px-International_Herald_Tribune.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="992" data-file-height="129" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:International-Herals-Tribune-26-August-2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/bd/International-Herals-Tribune-26-August-2013.jpg/220px-International-Herals-Tribune-26-August-2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="347" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/bd/International-Herals-Tribune-26-August-2013.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="251" data-file-height="396" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The August 26, 2013 front page of<br />the <i>International Herald Tribune</i></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Daily_newspaper" class="mw-redirect" title="Daily newspaper">Daily newspaper</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Format</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Broadsheet" title="Broadsheet">Broadsheet</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">Whitney Communications, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Company" title="The New York Times Company">The New York Times Company</a> <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/James_Gordon_Bennett_Jr." title="James Gordon Bennett Jr.">James Gordon Bennett Jr.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1887</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Ceased publication</span></th><td class="infobox-data">October 14, 2013</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">City</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">France</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sister newspapers</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> (1967–2013)<br /><i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i> (1967–2003)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0294-8052">0294-8052</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gale.com/intl/c/international-herald-tribune-historical-archive">gale.com/intl/herald-tribune</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-top:0.4em; border-top: 1px solid #aaa"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of France">Media of France</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_France" title="List of newspapers in France">List of newspapers</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <i><b>International Herald Tribune</b></i> (<i><b>IHT</b></i>) was a daily English-language newspaper published in Paris, France, for international English-speaking readers. It published under the name <i>International Herald Tribune</i> starting in 1967, but its origins as an international newspaper trace back to 1887.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sold in over 160 countries, the <i>International Herald Tribune</i> produced a large amount of content until it became <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times_International_Edition#Second_incarnation" title="The New York Times International Edition">the second incarnation of <i>The International New York Times</i></a> in 2013, 10 years after The New York Times Company became its sole owner.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_years">Early years</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Herald_Tribune&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1887, <a href="/wiki/James_Gordon_Bennett_Jr." title="James Gordon Bennett Jr.">James Gordon Bennett Jr.</a> created a Paris edition of his newspaper the <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Herald" title="New York Herald">New York Herald</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with offices at 49, avenue de l'Opéra. He called it the <i>Paris Herald</i>. When Bennett Jr. died, the Herald and its Paris edition came under the control of <a href="/wiki/Frank_Munsey" title="Frank Munsey">Frank Munsey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1924, Munsey sold the paper to the family of <a href="/wiki/Ogden_Reid" title="Ogden Reid">Ogden Reid</a>, owners of the <i><a href="/wiki/New-York_Tribune" title="New-York Tribune">New-York Tribune</a></i>, creating the <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Herald_Tribune" title="New York Herald Tribune">New York Herald Tribune</a></i>, while the Paris edition became the <i>Paris Herald Tribune</i>. By 1967, the paper was owned jointly by Whitney Communications, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, and became known as the <i>International Herald Tribune</i>, or <i>IHT</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Indeterminate_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Indeterminate-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_International_Herald_Tribune_years">The <i>International Herald Tribune</i> years</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Herald_Tribune&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: The International Herald Tribune years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first issue of the <i>International Herald Tribune</i> was published on May 22, 1967.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt-052267_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-052267-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It continued the practices that had endeared it to American expatriates and travelers, such as carrying <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">baseball scores</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_York_Stock_Exchange" title="New York Stock Exchange">stock prices</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-npr-2014_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-npr-2014-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the start, the paper maintained the offices it inherited from the <i>Herald Tribune</i> European Edition – that dated to 1931<sup id="cite_ref-ab-1978_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ab-1978-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – at 21 Rue de Berri, just off the <a href="/wiki/Champs-%C3%89lys%C3%A9es" title="Champs-Élysées">Champs-Élysées</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-atl-2000_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atl-2000-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Columnist <a href="/wiki/Art_Buchwald" title="Art Buchwald">Art Buchwald</a> recalled them as being "grubby" and antiquated but "the perfect location for an American newspaper abroad."<sup id="cite_ref-ab-1978_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ab-1978-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Then in 1978, the paper moved its facilities to the Parisian suburb of <a href="/wiki/Neuilly-sur-Seine" title="Neuilly-sur-Seine">Neuilly-sur-Seine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ab-1978_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ab-1978-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rue_Berri_-_Paris_VIII_(FR75)_-_2021-08-22_-_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Rue_Berri_-_Paris_VIII_%28FR75%29_-_2021-08-22_-_2.jpg/220px-Rue_Berri_-_Paris_VIII_%28FR75%29_-_2021-08-22_-_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Rue_Berri_-_Paris_VIII_%28FR75%29_-_2021-08-22_-_2.jpg/330px-Rue_Berri_-_Paris_VIII_%28FR75%29_-_2021-08-22_-_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Rue_Berri_-_Paris_VIII_%28FR75%29_-_2021-08-22_-_2.jpg/440px-Rue_Berri_-_Paris_VIII_%28FR75%29_-_2021-08-22_-_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>The <i>International Herald Tribune</i> started out at 21 Rue de Berri in central Paris, visible here as the fifth building on the left (as seen in 2021)</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1974, the paper pioneered the innovation of doing electronic transmission of facsimile pages across borders, when it opened a remote printing facility in London.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt-obit-fd_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-obit-fd-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was followed by a printing site in <a href="/wiki/Zurich" title="Zurich">Zurich</a> in 1977.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt-obit-fd_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-obit-fd-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>International Herald Tribune</i> began transmitting electronic images of newspaper pages from Paris to <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> via satellite in 1980, making the paper simultaneously available on opposite sides of the planet.<sup id="cite_ref-biagi_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-biagi-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was the first such intercontinental transmission of an English-language daily newspaper and followed the pioneering efforts of the Chinese-language newspaper <i><a href="/wiki/Sing_Tao_Daily" title="Sing Tao Daily">Sing Tao Daily</a> (星島日報)</i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Additional printing locations followed, including Rome and <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> 1987; and Frankfurt 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-brown-journ_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brown-journ-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1985, the <i>International Herald Tribune</i> had a circulation of 160,000, and was profitable with annual revenues of around $40 million.<sup id="cite_ref-kluger_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kluger-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time of the paper's centennial in 1987, the <i>IHT</i> was opening a new print site on average each year.<sup id="cite_ref-EJIHT763_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EJIHT763-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Neuilly-sur-Seine_International_Herald_Tribune.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Neuilly-sur-Seine_International_Herald_Tribune.jpg/220px-Neuilly-sur-Seine_International_Herald_Tribune.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Neuilly-sur-Seine_International_Herald_Tribune.jpg/330px-Neuilly-sur-Seine_International_Herald_Tribune.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Neuilly-sur-Seine_International_Herald_Tribune.jpg/440px-Neuilly-sur-Seine_International_Herald_Tribune.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2128" data-file-height="1416" /></a><figcaption>From 1978 on, the headquarters facility for the paper was in the Paris suburb of Neuilly-sur-Seine</figcaption></figure> <p>By the early 1990s, the paper was printed concurrently around the globe, with seven sites in Europe, three in Asia, and one in America, allowing day-of-publication availability in all major cities worldwide.<sup id="cite_ref-brown-journ_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brown-journ-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Notably, every region received the same editorial content, and even most of the advertising ran across all areas; by comparison, the international edition of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a></i> was heavily regionalized.<sup id="cite_ref-brown-journ_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brown-journ-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Several editions were published of each day's paper, however, and sometimes particular regions saw revisions that other regions might not.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) Nearly 200,000 copies were sold per day, including 50,000 in Asia and 45,000 copies to airlines flying international routes.<sup id="cite_ref-brown-journ_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brown-journ-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite the technology, however, in practice stories often appeared in the <i>International Herald Tribune</i> a day after they appeared in either of the parent papers.<sup id="cite_ref-slate-2002_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slate-2002-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nyt-2003-change_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-2003-change-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Marking a departure from its origins as a paper mostly read by American expatriates and travelers in Europe,<sup id="cite_ref-nyt-obit-fd_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-obit-fd-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by this point the majority of its readers were non-American.<sup id="cite_ref-brown-journ_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brown-journ-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>International Herald Tribune</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'s</span> main editorial team was based in Paris, and while content for the paper largely consisted of stories, columns, and editorials from the two parent papers,<sup id="cite_ref-nyt-2003-change_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-2003-change-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the paper reported from many news sources, including its own corps of correspondents and columnists.<sup id="cite_ref-EJIHT763_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EJIHT763-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In any case, all of the final editing was done by the Paris staff.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt-2003-change_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-2003-change-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 2002, the <i>International Herald Tribune</i> had some 335 employees.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt-2003-change_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-2003-change-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some columnists from the parent papers, such as <a href="/wiki/Flora_Lewis" title="Flora Lewis">Flora Lewis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Art_Buchwald" title="Art Buchwald">Art Buchwald</a>, kept publishing columns in the <i>International Herald Tribune</i> even after their work no longer appeared in the parent publications.<sup id="cite_ref-slate-2002_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slate-2002-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2007_newsstand_Valencia_Spain_466381960.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/2007_newsstand_Valencia_Spain_466381960.jpg/150px-2007_newsstand_Valencia_Spain_466381960.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/2007_newsstand_Valencia_Spain_466381960.jpg/225px-2007_newsstand_Valencia_Spain_466381960.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/2007_newsstand_Valencia_Spain_466381960.jpg/300px-2007_newsstand_Valencia_Spain_466381960.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>The <i>International Herald Tribune</i> on sale at a newsstand in Valencia, Spain in 2007</figcaption></figure> <p>Over the years, the <i>International Herald Tribune</i> faced increasing newsstand competition from the international editions of the <i><a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Journal">Wall Street Journal</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></i>, and the <i><a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt-2003-change_18-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-2003-change-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, the advent of the internationally available cable news network <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>, and later the <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a>, gave Americans more readily available ways to keep up on sports scores and the like.<sup id="cite_ref-slate-2002_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slate-2002-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As the 21st century dawned, there were divided opinions regarding the <i>International Herald Tribune</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'s</span> place in the media world, with for instance <a href="/wiki/James_Ledbetter" title="James Ledbetter">James Ledbetter</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/Slate_(magazine)" title="Slate (magazine)">Slate</a></i> pronouncing it a relic of a by-gone era but <a href="/wiki/Peter_Osnos" title="Peter Osnos">Peter Osnos</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic">The Atlantic</a></i> believing it still had a role to play.<sup id="cite_ref-atl-2000_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atl-2000-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2002, it was announced that <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Company" title="The New York Times Company">The New York Times Company</a> ("The <i>Times</i>") would buy out the <i>Post</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'s</span> interest, for an amount of around $70 million.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt-2003-change_18-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-2003-change-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Times</i> thereby became the sole owner of the <i>International Herald Tribune</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-npr-2013_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-npr-2013-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The change became effective with the edition published on January 2, 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt-2003-change_18-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-2003-change-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The headquarters for the paper remained at its site in Neuilly-sur-Seine.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt-2003-change_18-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-2003-change-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Times</i> subsequently folded the <i>International Herald Tribune</i> website into its own website during 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt-2009-gone_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-2009-gone-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HK_Stanley_New_Street_shop_Beachside_Book_Store_newspaper_strand_Nov-2012.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/HK_Stanley_New_Street_shop_Beachside_Book_Store_newspaper_strand_Nov-2012.JPG/150px-HK_Stanley_New_Street_shop_Beachside_Book_Store_newspaper_strand_Nov-2012.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/HK_Stanley_New_Street_shop_Beachside_Book_Store_newspaper_strand_Nov-2012.JPG/225px-HK_Stanley_New_Street_shop_Beachside_Book_Store_newspaper_strand_Nov-2012.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/HK_Stanley_New_Street_shop_Beachside_Book_Store_newspaper_strand_Nov-2012.JPG/300px-HK_Stanley_New_Street_shop_Beachside_Book_Store_newspaper_strand_Nov-2012.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1936" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>An <i>International Herald Tribune</i>-branded newsstand in Hong Kong, 2012</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2005 the paper opened its Asia newsroom in Hong Kong.<sup id="cite_ref-biagi_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-biagi-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2001, the Japanese newspaper <i><a href="/wiki/The_Asahi_Shimbun" title="The Asahi Shimbun">The Asahi Shimbun</a> (朝日新聞)</i> tied up with the <i>International Herald Tribune</i> and published an English-language newspaper, the <i>International Herald Tribune/Asahi Shimbun</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Utau-hakodake_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Utau-hakodake-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the <i>Washington Post</i> sold its stake in the <i>International Herald Tribune</i>, it continued being published under the name <i>International Herald Tribune/Asahi Shimbun</i>, but it was discontinued in February 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-Utau-hakodake_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Utau-hakodake-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 2008, the circulation of the paper was over 240,000.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt-obit-fd_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-obit-fd-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the early 2010s, the Internet edition of the paper was receiving some seven million visitors per month, and overall the <i>IHT</i> represented one of the biggest global media entities.<sup id="cite_ref-biagi_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-biagi-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Writers_and_journalists">Writers and journalists</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Herald_Tribune&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Writers and journalists"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Throughout its history the Paris-based paper had a glittering stable of writers and journalists.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among the most well-known were the humorist <a href="/wiki/Art_Buchwald" title="Art Buchwald">Art Buchwald</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the fashion editor <a href="/wiki/Suzy_Menkes" title="Suzy Menkes">Suzy Menkes</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> jazz critic <a href="/wiki/Mike_Zwerin" title="Mike Zwerin">Mike Zwerin</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and food writers <a href="/wiki/Waverly_Root" class="mw-redirect" title="Waverly Root">Waverly Root</a><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Patricia_Wells" title="Patricia Wells">Patricia Wells</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Former executive editors include <a href="/wiki/John_Vinocur" title="John Vinocur">John Vinocur</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/David_Ignatius" title="David Ignatius">David Ignatius</a><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Getler" title="Michael Getler">Michael Getler</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_final_years">The final years</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Herald_Tribune&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: The final years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2013, the New York Times Company announced that the <i>International Herald Tribune</i> was being renamed <i><a href="/wiki/The_International_New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="The International New York Times">The International New York Times</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On October 14, 2013, a Monday,<sup id="cite_ref-npr-2014_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-npr-2014-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <i>International Herald Tribune</i> appeared on newsstands for the last time and ceased publication under that name.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Indeterminate_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Indeterminate-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2016, the NYT Paris offices, acquired from the IHT, closed amid massive layoffs.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The National Book Review</i> called it "end of a romantic era in international journalism".<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Archives">Archives</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Herald_Tribune&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Archives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plaque_James_Gordon_Bennett_Jr.,_49_avenue_de_l%27Op%C3%A9ra,_Paris_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Plaque_James_Gordon_Bennett_Jr.%2C_49_avenue_de_l%27Op%C3%A9ra%2C_Paris_2.jpg/220px-Plaque_James_Gordon_Bennett_Jr.%2C_49_avenue_de_l%27Op%C3%A9ra%2C_Paris_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Plaque_James_Gordon_Bennett_Jr.%2C_49_avenue_de_l%27Op%C3%A9ra%2C_Paris_2.jpg/330px-Plaque_James_Gordon_Bennett_Jr.%2C_49_avenue_de_l%27Op%C3%A9ra%2C_Paris_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Plaque_James_Gordon_Bennett_Jr.%2C_49_avenue_de_l%27Op%C3%A9ra%2C_Paris_2.jpg/440px-Plaque_James_Gordon_Bennett_Jr.%2C_49_avenue_de_l%27Op%C3%A9ra%2C_Paris_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2120" data-file-height="1413" /></a><figcaption>A plaque in Paris commemorates the history of the Paris edition of the <i>New York Herald</i> and notes that it became the <i>International Herald Tribune</i></figcaption></figure> <p>The archives of the <i>International Herald Tribune</i>, all the articles from 1887 until 2013, were sold or licensed to the <a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale</a> company, where they began appearing in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This material is not available from any <i>New York Times</i> archive.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The New York Times</i> website does, however, host a very limited selection of "retrospective" stories from the 1887–2013 years,<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a collection that became available in 2017, the same year that the full archives became available on Gale.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Herald_Tribune&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCody,_Edward1987" class="citation news cs1">Cody, Edward (October 3, 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1987/10/03/le-centennial/ed0d51c4-0947-4294-b26c-6f5d40d1d17b/">"Le Centennial"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Le+Centennial&rft.date=1987-10-03&rft.au=Cody%2C+Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Flifestyle%2F1987%2F10%2F03%2Fle-centennial%2Fed0d51c4-0947-4294-b26c-6f5d40d1d17b%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Herald+Tribune" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/item/sn94021607/">"<i>International Herald Tribune</i> (Paris; New York, Ny) 1967–2013 [Microfilm Reel]"</a>. <i>Library of Congress</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220319075656/https://www.loc.gov/item/sn94021607/">Archived</a> from the original on March 19, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 15,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Library+of+Congress&rft.atitle=International+Herald+Tribune+%28Paris%3B+New+York%2C+Ny%29+1967%E2%80%932013+%5BMicrofilm+Reel%5D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Fitem%2Fsn94021607%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Herald+Tribune" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gale.com/c/international-herald-tribune-historical-archive">"<i>International Herald Tribune</i> Historical Archive 1887–2013"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 15,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=online.barrons.com&rft.atitle=The+Last+Trace+of+a+Great+Newspaper&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=John+Steele&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonline.barrons.com%2Farticle%2FSB50001424052748704538604578370412095481182.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Herald+Tribune" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/International-New-York-Times">"International New York Times (newspaper)"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220319075656/https://www.britannica.com/topic/International-New-York-Times">Archived</a> from the original on March 19, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 15,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=International+New+York+Times+%28newspaper%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FInternational-New-York-Times&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Herald+Tribune" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Indeterminate-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Indeterminate_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Indeterminate_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/2002/10/23/post-to-sell-stake-in-herald-tribune/a4d531e3-712a-418d-b8ff-ff1435f3885f/">"Post to Sell Stake In Herald Tribune"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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May 23, 1967. p. 94.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+Herald+Tribune+Makes+Paris+Debut+Merged+With+Times&rft.pages=94&rft.date=1967-05-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1967%2F05%2F23%2F80715105.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Herald+Tribune" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-npr-2014-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-npr-2014_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-npr-2014_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChappell2013" class="citation news cs1">Chappell, Bill (October 14, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2013/10/14/234243845/today-is-the-last-day-for-the-international-herald-tribune">"Today Is The Last Day For The 'International Herald Tribune'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. NPR. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230206233715/https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2013/10/14/234243845/today-is-the-last-day-for-the-international-herald-tribune">Archived</a> from the original on February 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 6,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Today+Is+The+Last+Day+For+The+%27International+Herald+Tribune%27&rft.date=2013-10-14&rft.aulast=Chappell&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Fsections%2Fthetwo-way%2F2013%2F10%2F14%2F234243845%2Ftoday-is-the-last-day-for-the-international-herald-tribune&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Herald+Tribune" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ab-1978-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ab-1978_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ab-1978_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ab-1978_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBuchwald1978" class="citation news cs1">Buchwald, Art (March 26, 1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1978/03/26/the-paris-herald-tribune-is-alive-and-well-and-living-in-neuilly/24f6061b-76a1-4d6f-adb9-e68f172b8919/">"The Paris Herald Tribune Is Alive and Well and Living in Neuilly"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=The+Paris+Herald+Tribune+Is+Alive+and+Well+and+Living+in+Neuilly&rft.date=1978-03-26&rft.aulast=Buchwald&rft.aufirst=Art&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Flifestyle%2F1978%2F03%2F26%2Fthe-paris-herald-tribune-is-alive-and-well-and-living-in-neuilly%2F24f6061b-76a1-4d6f-adb9-e68f172b8919%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Herald+Tribune" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-atl-2000-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-atl-2000_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-atl-2000_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOsnos2010" class="citation news cs1">Osnos, Peter (March 2, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2010/03/newspapers-who-still-needs-the-venerable-iht/36878/">"Newspapers: Who Still Needs the Venerable IHT?"</a>. <i>The Atlantic</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=Newspapers%3A+Who+Still+Needs+the+Venerable+IHT%3F&rft.date=2010-03-02&rft.aulast=Osnos&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fentertainment%2Farchive%2F2010%2F03%2Fnewspapers-who-still-needs-the-venerable-iht%2F36878%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Herald+Tribune" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt-obit-fd-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nyt-obit-fd_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt-obit-fd_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt-obit-fd_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt-obit-fd_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/03/world/europe/03iht-desmaisons.4.15872126.html">"François Desmaisons, former IHT circulation director"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. September 3, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Fran%C3%A7ois+Desmaisons%2C+former+IHT+circulation+director&rft.date=2008-09-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F09%2F03%2Fworld%2Feurope%2F03iht-desmaisons.4.15872126.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Herald+Tribune" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-biagi-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-biagi_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-biagi_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-biagi_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBiagi2014" class="citation book cs1">Biagi, Shirley (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=W0bAAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA360"><i>Media/Impact: An Introduction to Mass Media</i></a> (Eleventh ed.). Stamford, Connecticut: Cengage Learning. pp. 359–360. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781305162808" title="Special:BookSources/9781305162808"><bdi>9781305162808</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Media%2FImpact%3A+An+Introduction+to+Mass+Media&rft.place=Stamford%2C+Connecticut&rft.pages=359-360&rft.edition=Eleventh&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9781305162808&rft.aulast=Biagi&rft.aufirst=Shirley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DW0bAAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA360&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Herald+Tribune" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-brown-journ-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-brown-journ_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-brown-journ_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-brown-journ_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-brown-journ_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-brown-journ_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHuebner1993–1994" class="citation journal cs1">Huebner, Lee W. (Winter 1993–1994). "The Revolution in Global Communications". <i>The Brown Journal of Foreign Affairs</i>. <b>1</b> (1): 189–195. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24589648">24589648</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Brown+Journal+of+Foreign+Affairs&rft.atitle=The+Revolution+in+Global+Communications&rft.ssn=winter&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=189-195&rft.date=1993%2F1994&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F24589648%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Huebner&rft.aufirst=Lee+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Herald+Tribune" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kluger-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-kluger_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKluger1986" class="citation book cs1">Kluger, Richard (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/paperlife00klug/page/294/mode/2up?view=theater&q=%22european+edition%22"><i>The Paper: The Life and Death of the New York Herald Tribune</i></a>. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. p. 742. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-394-50877-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-394-50877-7"><bdi>0-394-50877-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/13643103">13643103</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Paper%3A+The+Life+and+Death+of+the+New+York+Herald+Tribune&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=742&rft.pub=Alfred+A.+Knopf&rft.date=1986&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F13643103&rft.isbn=0-394-50877-7&rft.aulast=Kluger&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpaperlife00klug%2Fpage%2F294%2Fmode%2F2up%3Fview%3Dtheater%26q%3D%2522european%2Bedition%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Herald+Tribune" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EJIHT763-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EJIHT763_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EJIHT763_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSterling2009" class="citation book cs1">Sterling, Christopher H. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pLV1AwAAQBAJ&q=A+bit+earlier%2C+in+1974%2C+it+had+pioneered+the+electronic+transmission+of+facsimile+herald+tribune&pg=PA763"><i>Encyclopedia of Journalism, </i>International Herald Tribune<i>, page 763</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781452261522" title="Special:BookSources/9781452261522"><bdi>9781452261522</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Journalism%2C+International+Herald+Tribune%2C+page+763&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9781452261522&rft.aulast=Sterling&rft.aufirst=Christopher+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpLV1AwAAQBAJ%26q%3DA%2Bbit%2Bearlier%252C%2Bin%2B1974%252C%2Bit%2Bhad%2Bpioneered%2Bthe%2Belectronic%2Btransmission%2Bof%2Bfacsimile%2Bherald%2Btribune%26pg%3DPA763&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Herald+Tribune" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See for example <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2004/06/26/news/for-teens-its-a-tough-transition.html">this correction notice from 2004</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-slate-2002-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-slate-2002_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-slate-2002_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-slate-2002_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLedbetter2002" class="citation news cs1">Ledbetter, James (June 4, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://slate.com/business/2002/06/what-s-wrong-with-the-international-herald-tribune.html">"The Trouble With the Trib"</a>. <i>Slate</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230206225738/https://slate.com/business/2002/06/what-s-wrong-with-the-international-herald-tribune.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 6,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Slate&rft.atitle=The+Trouble+With+the+Trib&rft.date=2002-06-04&rft.aulast=Ledbetter&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fslate.com%2Fbusiness%2F2002%2F06%2Fwhat-s-wrong-with-the-international-herald-tribune.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Herald+Tribune" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt-2003-change-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nyt-2003-change_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt-2003-change_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt-2003-change_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt-2003-change_18-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt-2003-change_18-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt-2003-change_18-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt-2003-change_18-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt-2003-change_18-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKirkpatrick2003" class="citation news cs1">Kirkpatrick, David D. (January 2, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2003/01/02/world/international-herald-tribune-now-run-solely-by-the-times.html">"International Herald Tribune Now Run Solely by The Times"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210809083050/https://www.nytimes.com/2003/01/02/world/international-herald-tribune-now-run-solely-by-the-times.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 9, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 6,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=International+Herald+Tribune+Now+Run+Solely+by+The+Times&rft.date=2003-01-02&rft.aulast=Kirkpatrick&rft.aufirst=David+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2003%2F01%2F02%2Fworld%2Finternational-herald-tribune-now-run-solely-by-the-times.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Herald+Tribune" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-npr-2013-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-npr-2013_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeardsley2013" class="citation web cs1">Beardsley, Eleanor (October 14, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2013/10/14/233772676/readers-lament-international-herald-tribune-name-change">"Readers Lament 'International Herald Tribune' Name Change"</a>. <i>Morning Edition</i>. NPR. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210117222941/https://www.npr.org/2013/10/14/233772676/readers-lament-international-herald-tribune-name-change">Archived</a> from the original on January 17, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 16,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Morning+Edition&rft.atitle=Readers+Lament+%27International+Herald+Tribune%27+Name+Change&rft.date=2013-10-14&rft.aulast=Beardsley&rft.aufirst=Eleanor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2013%2F10%2F14%2F233772676%2Freaders-lament-international-herald-tribune-name-change&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Herald+Tribune" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt-2009-gone-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nyt-2009-gone_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPérez-Peña2009" class="citation news cs1">Pérez-Peña, Richard (May 17, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/18/business/media/18archives.html">"The Case of the Vanishing Herald Tribune Files, Now Solved"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220327164609/https://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/18/business/media/18archives.html?searchResultPosition=2">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 27,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Case+of+the+Vanishing+Herald+Tribune+Files%2C+Now+Solved&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.aulast=P%C3%A9rez-Pe%C3%B1a&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2009%2F05%2F18%2Fbusiness%2Fmedia%2F18archives.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Herald+Tribune" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Utau-hakodake-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Utau-hakodake_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Utau-hakodake_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/The_Diplomat" title="The Diplomat">The Diplomat</a> TOKYO NOTES (December 7, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thediplomat.com/2010/12/asahi-to-drop-english-daily/">Asahi to Drop English Daily</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220627172850/https://thediplomat.com/2010/12/asahi-to-drop-english-daily/">Archived</a> June 27, 2022, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Retrieved June 1, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKlugerPhyllis_Kluger1986" class="citation book cs1">Kluger, Richard; Phyllis Kluger (1986). <i>The paper: the life and death of the New York Herald Tribune</i> (1st ed.). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 6,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Waverley+Lewis+Root%2C+Journalist+and+Expert+On+French+Food%2C+Dies&rft.date=1982-11-01&rft.au=Richard+Pearson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Flocal%2F1982%2F11%2F01%2Fwaverley-lewis-root-journalist-and-expert-on-french-food-dies%2F0adec2c7-6ef9-43c8-a869-78adc6aa73d3%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Herald+Tribune" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYonan,_Joe2014" class="citation news cs1">Yonan, Joe (March 13, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/travel/paris-with-patricia-wells-eating-up-the-city-with-the-food-lovers-guide-author/2014/03/13/d5c24b92-a946-11e3-b61e-8051b8b52d06_story.html">"Paris with Patricia Wells: Eating up the city with the 'Food Lover's Guide' author"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220706044817/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/travel/paris-with-patricia-wells-eating-up-the-city-with-the-food-lovers-guide-author/2014/03/13/d5c24b92-a946-11e3-b61e-8051b8b52d06_story.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 6, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Paris+with+Patricia+Wells%3A+Eating+up+the+city+with+the+%27Food+Lover%27s+Guide%27+author&rft.date=2014-03-13&rft.au=Yonan%2C+Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flifestyle%2Ftravel%2Fparis-with-patricia-wells-eating-up-the-city-with-the-food-lovers-guide-author%2F2014%2F03%2F13%2Fd5c24b92-a946-11e3-b61e-8051b8b52d06_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Herald+Tribune" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaniszewski,_John2022" class="citation news cs1">Daniszewski, John (February 8, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/business-europe-new-york-fall-of-the-berlin-wall-d4bffecece8709ff9df99a27ce2878ed">"John Vinocur, Paris-Based Columnist and Editor, Dies at 81"</a>. <i>Associated Press</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230822194533/https://apnews.com/article/business-europe-new-york-fall-of-the-berlin-wall-d4bffecece8709ff9df99a27ce2878ed">Archived</a> from the original on August 22, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 25,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rfi.fr&rft.atitle=International+New+York+Times+closes+in+Paris&rft.date=2016-09-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.rfi.fr%2Ffrance%2F20160929-international-new-york-times-closes-paris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Herald+Tribune" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rfi.fr/en/france/20160929-international-new-york-times-closes-paris">"International New York Times closes in Paris"</a>. <i>RFI</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 16,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gale&rft.atitle=International+Herald+Tribune+Historical+Archive%2C+1887%E2%80%932013&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gale.com%2Fintl%2Fc%2Finternational-herald-tribune-historical-archive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Herald+Tribune" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.gale.com/a-beautiful-1898-easter-supplement-from-the-international-herald-tribune/#more-29295">"A Beautiful 1898 Easter Supplement from the International Herald Tribune"</a>. Gale. April 14, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220404000408/https://blog.gale.com/a-beautiful-1898-easter-supplement-from-the-international-herald-tribune/#more-29295">Archived</a> from the original on April 4, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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