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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Post World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post_World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Civil_rights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Civil_rights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7.1</span> <span>Civil rights</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Civil_rights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Merger" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Merger"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>Merger</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Merger-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dissension" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dissension"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8.1</span> <span>Dissension</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dissension-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9</span> <span>Present</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Symbols" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Symbols"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Symbols</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Symbols-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Symbols subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Symbols-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Badge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Badge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Badge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Badge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flag" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flag"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Flag</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flag-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chapters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chapters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Chapters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chapters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chapter_houses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chapter_houses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Chapter houses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chapter_houses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organization_and_legal_status" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organization_and_legal_status"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Organization and legal status</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Organization_and_legal_status-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Organization and legal status subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Organization_and_legal_status-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Phi_Sigma_Kappa_fraternity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Phi_Sigma_Kappa_fraternity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Phi Sigma Kappa fraternity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Phi_Sigma_Kappa_fraternity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Phi_Sigma_Kappa_Foundation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Phi_Sigma_Kappa_Foundation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Phi Sigma Kappa Foundation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Phi_Sigma_Kappa_Foundation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Phi_Sigma_Kappa_Properties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Phi_Sigma_Kappa_Properties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Phi Sigma Kappa Properties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Phi_Sigma_Kappa_Properties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Membership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 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searchaux" style="display:none">North American collegiate fraternity</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">Phi Sigma Kappa</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:125%; font-weight:bold;"><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ΦΣΚ</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Phi_Sigma_Kappa_Coat_of_Arms.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e4/Phi_Sigma_Kappa_Coat_of_Arms.png/200px-Phi_Sigma_Kappa_Coat_of_Arms.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/e/e4/Phi_Sigma_Kappa_Coat_of_Arms.png 1.5x" data-file-width="283" data-file-height="352" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">March 15, 1873<span class="noprint">; 151 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1873-03-15</span>)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Agricultural_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Massachusetts Agricultural College">Massachusetts Agricultural College</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Social</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Affiliation</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/North_American_Interfraternity_Conference" title="North American Interfraternity Conference">NIC</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">Active</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Scope</th><td class="infobox-data">International</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data">"Do unto others as you would have them do unto you"</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pillars</th><td class="infobox-data">Brotherhood, Scholarship, Character</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Colors</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#C91F3C; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(color)" title="Cardinal (color)">Cardinal Red</a> and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ACACAC; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Silver_(color)" title="Silver (color)">Silver</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Symbol</th><td class="infobox-data">Triple T's</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Flag</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Phi_Sigma_Kappa_flag.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/49/Phi_Sigma_Kappa_flag.jpg/120px-Phi_Sigma_Kappa_flag.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/49/Phi_Sigma_Kappa_flag.jpg/180px-Phi_Sigma_Kappa_flag.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/49/Phi_Sigma_Kappa_flag.jpg/240px-Phi_Sigma_Kappa_flag.jpg 2x" data-file-width="375" data-file-height="265" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Flower</th><td class="infobox-data">Red carnation and White tea rose</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mascot</th><td class="infobox-data">Owl</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publication</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>The Signet</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Chapters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_chapters" title="List of Phi Sigma Kappa chapters">77 active</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="street-address">2925 East 96th Street</span><br /><span class="locality"><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis</a></span>, <span class="region"><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a></span><span class="region"> 46240</span><br /> <span class="country-name">United States</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phisigmakappa.org">www<wbr />.phisigmakappa<wbr />.org</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Phi Sigma Kappa</b> (<b><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ΦΣΚ</span></span></b>), colloquially known as <b>Phi Sig</b> or <b>PSK</b>, is a men's social and academic <a href="/wiki/Fraternities_and_sororities" title="Fraternities and sororities">fraternity</a> with approximately 74 <a href="/wiki/List_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_chapters#Chapters" title="List of Phi Sigma Kappa chapters">active chapters and provisional chapters</a> in North America. Most of its first two dozen chapters were granted to schools in New England, New York, and Pennsylvania; therefore its early development was strongly Eastern in character, eventually operating chapters at six of the eight <a href="/wiki/Ivy_League" title="Ivy League">Ivy League</a> schools as well as more egalitarian state schools. It later expanded to the South and West. The fraternity has initiated more than 180,000 members since 1873. </p><p>According to its Constitution, Phi Sigma Kappa is devoted to the promotion of its three Cardinal Principles: the "Promotion of Brotherhood", the "Stimulation of Scholarship", and the "Development of Character". </p><p>Phi Sigma Kappa began on March 15, 1873, at <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Agricultural_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Massachusetts Agricultural College">Massachusetts Agricultural College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Amherst,_Massachusetts" title="Amherst, Massachusetts">Amherst</a> (now the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Amherst" title="University of Massachusetts Amherst">University of Massachusetts Amherst</a>) by six sophomores (referred to as The Founders). <a href="/wiki/Phi_Sigma_Epsilon" title="Phi Sigma Epsilon">Phi Sigma Epsilon</a> merged with Phi Sigma Kappa in 1985, which was the largest merger of Greek-letter fraternities. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Founding">Founding</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Founding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Agricultural_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Massachusetts Agricultural College">Massachusetts Agricultural College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Amherst,_Massachusetts" title="Amherst, Massachusetts">Amherst</a>, now the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Amherst" title="University of Massachusetts Amherst">University of Massachusetts Amherst</a>, was the setting for the founding of Phi Sigma Kappa.<sup id="cite_ref-Baird's_Manual_Online_PSK_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baird's_Manual_Online_PSK-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among its other students in the early 1870s, it had attracted six men of varied backgrounds, ages, abilities, and goals in life who saw the need for a new and different kind of society on campus. Early members recalled that it was Henry Hague who suggested that, since the six were close and were not interested in either of the two local fraternities on campus, they create their own.<sup id="cite_ref-ATPS_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATPS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The six sophomores, meeting in Old North Hall, banded together during the summer of 1873 to form a "society to promote morality, learning and social culture." </p><p>The six Founders of Phi Sigma Kappa were: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jabez_William_Clay" title="Jabez William Clay">Jabez William Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Francis_Barrett" title="Joseph Francis Barrett">Joseph Francis Barrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Hague" title="Henry Hague">Henry Hague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenos_Young_Clark" title="Xenos Young Clark">Xenos Young Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_George_Campbell" title="Frederick George Campbell">Frederick George Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Brooks" title="William P. Brooks">William Penn Brooks</a></li></ul> <p>The six were active college students, members of literary and academic societies and athletic groups, and editors of campus publications. Three were military lieutenants and Brooks was a captain. Hague and Brooks even ran the college store. Academic leaders as well, "it cannot be too strongly stressed that these men were the best students in [the] college."<sup id="cite_ref-ATPS_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATPS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On March 15, 1873, the Founders met in secret. Brooks already had prepared a constitution and symbolism, and Hague had designed a ritual. The first meeting seemed destined to succeed, for the individuals all had done their work well. The ritual has been changed only six times since, and never drastically. The symbolism and esoteric structure have never been altered. Clay was elected president of the group—which for its first five years had no name. Its cryptic characters could not be pronounced, either, though Brooks recalled that outsiders referred to them as "T, double T, T upside-down."<sup id="cite_ref-Phi_Sigma_Kappa_1923_Rand_History_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Phi_Sigma_Kappa_1923_Rand_History-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Grand_Chapter">Grand Chapter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Grand Chapter"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Grand Chapter of Phi Sigma Kappa was organized in 1878, five years after the founding of <i>Alpha chapter</i>, to tie alumni and undergraduates into a continuing relationship. <a href="/wiki/Charles_S._Howe" title="Charles S. Howe">Charles Sumner Howe</a>, an 1876 initiate, was elected its first Grand President (at the age of 20). Phi Sigma Kappa was adopted as the group's official name that same year after four years of debate and the work of seven committees. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Expansion">Expansion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Expansion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Originally, only one chapter was contemplated by the founders. Although the germ of expansion arrived early, its period of gestation consumed 13 years. As early as 1875 an inquiry had been received from a group at Maine Agricultural College,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a few years later there was an unexpected letter from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_New_Mexico" title="University of New Mexico">University of New Mexico</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>-but nothing came of either "feeler." In 1878, John A. Cutter was inducted into the group, a man destined to have much to do with the preservation of the order's early records and with its expansion beyond the confines of the Massachusetts campus. Graduating from <i>Aggie</i> he went on to attend <a href="/wiki/Albany_Medical_College" title="Albany Medical College">Albany Medical College</a> (which in 1873 had become a unit of <a href="/wiki/Union_College" title="Union College">Union College</a>) and established a group that became <i>Beta</i> Chapter (1888). </p><p>Cutter was also instrumental in the establishment of <i>Gamma</i> at <a href="/wiki/Cornell_University" title="Cornell University">Cornell</a> (1889). The transition to a national order was accomplished. These same early years saw the pin (or badge) adopted essentially as it is today; an induction ritual, which embodied the concept of universal brotherhood and expanded the order's horizons beyond Massachusetts, was written in 1890; the establishment of the fraternity's magazine, <i>The Signet,</i> and the first chapter out of the Northeast came into being at <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia_University" title="West Virginia University">West Virginia University</a> (1891). </p><p><i>"Bigness was never one of our ideas,"</i> Big Chief Barrett said in later years, admonishing a convention that was getting starry-eyed over dozens of new expansion possibilities. The principle has held; that though Phi Sigma Kappa stands high among national orders, size alone has never been a major consideration or goal. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Halcyon_(1914)_(14743804696).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Halcyon_%281914%29_%2814743804696%29.jpg/220px-Halcyon_%281914%29_%2814743804696%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Halcyon_%281914%29_%2814743804696%29.jpg/330px-Halcyon_%281914%29_%2814743804696%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Halcyon_%281914%29_%2814743804696%29.jpg/440px-Halcyon_%281914%29_%2814743804696%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2098" data-file-height="1282" /></a><figcaption><i>Phi chapter</i>, at Swarthmore College in 1914</figcaption></figure><p> Phi Sig's value to other campuses was as an organization offering something special and valuable to persons of varying backgrounds. Massachusetts Agricultural − <i>Aggie</i> − was more egalitarian, open to men of average means but high potential, and not filled with the class-conscious scions of Boston and New York society. In many ways, it has kept this ethic throughout its expansion. It never was simply another fraternity to be invited. Founder Brooks, four years before he died in 1938, put it this way: <i>"We believe that our fraternity exerts a powerful influence for good in national college life. The thought which lay in the minds of the Founders was good. May our brothers never forget that the foundation for a useful and satisfying life must be thought -- thought resulting in the visualization of a high ideal; and the determination to use all of one's strength of body, mind, and soul for its realization."</i> </p><p>During the final decade of the 19th century, careful expansion nevertheless led to solid chapters at <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale (Sachem Hall)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland,_College_Park" title="University of Maryland, College Park">Maryland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_State_University" title="Pennsylvania State University">Penn State</a> and <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania" title="University of Pennsylvania">Penn</a>, among other storied schools. <a href="/wiki/Dartmouth_College" title="Dartmouth College">Dartmouth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brown_University" title="Brown University">Brown</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</a> followed soon after. Eventually, Phi Sig was present at six of the eight <a href="/wiki/Ivy_League" title="Ivy League">Ivy League</a> schools; even Canadian campuses were not excluded in the thinking of those who carried new chapters in all directions shortly after the turn of the century. <i>Rho chapter</i> was organized at <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_University_at_Kingston" title="Queen's University at Kingston">Queen's University at Kingston</a>, Ontario, in 1903, and seventeen other units were added during the decade. Under Cutter's and Barrett's leadership, the national organization was strengthened, and work was begun among the alumni to support their continued interest in the fraternity after graduation. The Greek system's uniqueness among American organizations is based partly on this principle – the idea of continued involvement for members after their undergraduate days. Phi Sigma Kappa was one of the early leaders in such efforts and remains one of the strongest alumni-oriented groups. If Founder Brooks' assessment of its purpose is true, then there would be no end to the fraternity's influence on its members, and its role in their lives—another vital part of Phi Sig's heritage. </p><p> Though the admonition against "bigness for bigness' sake" was always there, the demand to serve campuses wherever they might be was equally loud. In 1909, for example (after the Grand Council had earlier refused to put a chapter on the West Coast because of the distance involved and because it feared such a chapter would be denied the visits and services of a nearby headquarters), the fraternity spanned the continent. The Ridge Road Club of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a> became <i>Omega chapter</i>—fittingly utilizing the last letter of the Greek alphabet and preparing the way for the first of the Deuteron or second-series units. This national aspect did not escape the notice of the mid-continent; within six months, petitions were received from <a href="/wiki/University_of_Minnesota" title="University of Minnesota">Minnesota</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Illinois_at_Urbana%E2%80%93Champaign" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign">Illinois</a> and <a href="/wiki/Iowa_State_University" title="Iowa State University">Iowa State</a>. In all, fourteen new chapters were established in the first decade of the new century.<sup id="cite_ref-Baird's_Manual_Online_PSK_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baird's_Manual_Online_PSK-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some who were there tell that the induction ceremonies at the early Deuteron units often included a reminder in the form of Founder Hague's benediction on the night of March 15, 1873, words that still ring of idealism and true worth:</p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Shrine_at_UMass,_Amherst,_MA,_May_1945,_from_The_Signet_(sm),_vol_XXXVII_no_3_p_122.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/The_Shrine_at_UMass%2C_Amherst%2C_MA%2C_May_1945%2C_from_The_Signet_%28sm%29%2C_vol_XXXVII_no_3_p_122.jpg/220px-The_Shrine_at_UMass%2C_Amherst%2C_MA%2C_May_1945%2C_from_The_Signet_%28sm%29%2C_vol_XXXVII_no_3_p_122.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/The_Shrine_at_UMass%2C_Amherst%2C_MA%2C_May_1945%2C_from_The_Signet_%28sm%29%2C_vol_XXXVII_no_3_p_122.jpg/330px-The_Shrine_at_UMass%2C_Amherst%2C_MA%2C_May_1945%2C_from_The_Signet_%28sm%29%2C_vol_XXXVII_no_3_p_122.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/The_Shrine_at_UMass%2C_Amherst%2C_MA%2C_May_1945%2C_from_The_Signet_%28sm%29%2C_vol_XXXVII_no_3_p_122.jpg/440px-The_Shrine_at_UMass%2C_Amherst%2C_MA%2C_May_1945%2C_from_The_Signet_%28sm%29%2C_vol_XXXVII_no_3_p_122.jpg 2x" data-file-width="682" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>The Shrine of <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ΦΣΚ</span></span>, at <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Amherst" title="University of Massachusetts Amherst">UMass Amherst</a></figcaption></figure> <blockquote><p>Let us ... keep on growing till our beloved fraternity shall become full grown ..., having the strength to help and protect its members, wisdom to guide them to helpful and good things as to college life, and love so warm that its members shall feel its kindly glow, that brotherly love may indeed be a reality and not an idea.</p></blockquote> <p>Phi Sigma Kappa became a founding member of the <a href="/wiki/North_American_Interfraternity_Conference" title="North American Interfraternity Conference">North American Interfraternity Conference</a>, or NIC, in 1910. </p><p>To honor the Founders, on <span data-sort-value="000000001923-05-12-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 12, 1923</span>, members unveiled "The Shrine" on the wall of Old North College, the site of the first meetings of the fraternity. This memorial was moved to the entrance of Machmer Hall in <span data-sort-value="000000001957-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1957</span> when Old North was razed.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1920s the fraternity continued to grow, especially into the land grant institutions, with establishment of chapters at <a href="/wiki/Oregon_State_University" title="Oregon State University">Oregon State</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Tennessee" title="University of Tennessee">Tennessee</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Alabama" title="University of Alabama">Alabama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ohio_State_University" title="Ohio State University">Ohio State</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Kentucky" title="University of Kentucky">Kentucky</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Washington" title="University of Washington">Washington</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oregon" title="University of Oregon">Oregon</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Carolina" title="University of South Carolina">South Carolina</a> and others, twenty-five in all.<sup id="cite_ref-Baird's_Manual_Online_PSK_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baird's_Manual_Online_PSK-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Great_Depression">Great Depression</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Great Depression"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Phi Sig did not escape the Great Depression; no fraternal order did. But like many of them, she came out of it wiser and stronger for the experience, filled with the knowledge that brotherhood based on a heritage of helpfulness and value cannot be submerged by a flood of economic hardship. Nationally, chapters of all fraternities existing at the start of the new century were wooed into increasingly expansive building projects in the boom years leading up to the Great Depression. The economic downturn became the great leveler; chapters that had extended themselves beyond their means were felled by sharply reduced revenues and growing debt. Within Phi Sig, closely tied as it was to its graduates, alumni were called in to support weakened balance sheets on buildings the undergraduate population alone could no longer afford. In one famous but probably not unique case, chapter advisor <a href="/wiki/List_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_brothers#Business,_industry_and_finance" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Phi Sigma Kappa brothers">Sam Gale</a> went door to door in 1931, successfully seeking alumni backing against the mortgage of Minnesota's newly built Tudor masterpiece.<sup id="cite_ref-Beta_Deuteron_Archive_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Beta_Deuteron_Archive-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Not only was this impulse acted on at the alumni level: The fraternity's undergraduate delegates, moved by the plight of their brethren, had fathered a plan at the 1930 Convention that channeled 25 cents each month from each active member (about $12 per month, per man, in 2021 dollars) into a fund to assist chapters stricken by the Depression; the principal of mutual helpfulness could not have been better illustrated. Low manpower, too, had brought about fraternal belt-tightening where possible, while still investing in tactical, significant national services - training in rushing techniques, a pledge manual, better accounting systems, and visits by field representatives. </p><p>Chapter growth slowed, as the fraternity sought to shore up its existing chapters. However, in its sixth decade, Phi Sigma Kappa nevertheless established chapters at <a href="/wiki/Purdue_University" title="Purdue University">Purdue</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_University" title="American University">American University</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Montana_State_University" title="Montana State University">Montana State</a>. </p><p>Perhaps the most significant development of these years came out of the 1934 Convention in Ann Arbor. Brother Stewart W. Herman of <a href="/wiki/Gettysburg_College" title="Gettysburg College">Gettysburg</a> wrote and presented the Phi Sigma Kappa <i>Creed</i>, and Brother Ralph Watts of <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Amherst" title="University of Massachusetts Amherst">Massachusetts</a> drafted and presented the fraternity's <i>Cardinal Principles</i>. More than half a century later they stand as Phi Sigma Kappa's heritage personified, as much a part of the fraternity's individuality as any of its more ancient rituals and symbolism. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II">World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> The 1938 Convention adopted the six-degree membership structure to honor the six Founders, especially as a tribute to Founder Brooks, who had died only a few weeks earlier. The first professional manager of the fraternity was hired that same year, marking still another organizational response to growing needs in a critical period. The hardships of World War I and the Great Depression were scarcely overcome when World War II arrived. The extraordinary efforts by which the fraternity survived are another and longer story; the important fact is that Phi Sig did survive. The 1948 Convention in Boston marked the 75th anniversary of the founding. There were 52 active chapters; the Phi Sigma Kappa Foundation had been established, primarily to reward good scholarship among brothers; and <i>The Signet</i> was guaranteed to all members for life under a plan that had few parallels in the Greek world at that time. D. R. (Spec) Collins of Iowa, one of the fraternity's most dynamic leaders of the post-World War II years, reaffirmed the heritage in more modern terms:</p><blockquote><p><i>The Founders very wisely developed the ritual and philosophy of the fraternity based on service to its members. The Cardinal Principles of Phi Sigma Kappa are the development of brotherhood, scholarship, and character ... There is nothing in our Cardinal Principles about prestige, the most beautiful house, the best social program, [being] 'number one on campus' in intramurals, activities, etc. These are all frosting on the cake. A fraternity chapter that truly serves its purpose helps its members in their personal development. Thus I do not believe a chapter, that pledges students who are already top scholars and which wins a scholarship cup year in and year, outperforms any distinctive service. That chapter which pledges average students, however, and encourages them to develop their academic capabilities to the utmost, deserves the scholarship cup. The same is true of character. If we pledge only the most polished and mature individuals, there is little left for the chapter to do for these people. The fraternity can and should take average college students and help them develop their character, and help them learn to live together in brotherhood.</i> <i>My fraternity did something for me when I was in school. It helped me to learn to live with others and to develop my own personal, moral, and social attributes so that I could fit better into the society that I found when I left the University. The services of fraternity supplemented those of my family, my church, and my teachers. For this reason, I am willing to continue to work for my fraternity -- so long as my fraternity is working to serve its individual members.</i></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-war_restoration">Post-war restoration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Post-war restoration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The massive post-war influx of GIs to collegiate campuses brought with it a class of men of maturity, and literally, battle-tested experiences of fraternal bonding. For a time, a significant percentage of Phi Sigma Kappa's active members were married. The fraternal magazine was expanded to celebrate marriages and births as a counterpoint to the solemn roster of <a href="/wiki/Service_flag" title="Service flag">Gold Stars</a> - servicemen brothers who had been killed in action - or the lists of those still serving. <i>The Signet</i> carried popular interest stories about member wartime experiences, first-hand accounts by seasoned correspondents, and even geopolitical essays. </p><p>Demand led to aggressive growth and an expansion of chapters once again; Now, where so many members had served overseas or traveled extensively, awareness and interest in the doings of chapters in distant states became more apparent. Sporting heroes were celebrated. Lists of national collegiate football, basketball, and baseball <i>"All Phi Sig"</i> teams were published and scrutinized. Local programs grew quickly into national events. One example is Phi Sigma Kappa's "Moonlight Girl", a chapter sweetheart contest that rivaled the "Sweetheart of Sigma Chi" as the premier sweetheart pageant of the fraternity world. For a dozen years, <i>The Signet</i> printed photos of many of the winners of local chapter contests for a popular write-in election for the national Moonlight Girl. The winner would travel, with her escort, to the national convention, there to entertain the delegates with songs and conversation. This popular appearance would be underwritten by the fraternity and served to increase attendance. Moonlight Girl continues as a local tradition in a handful of chapters, including Minnesota. The popular <i>Moonlight Girl</i> song was heard around pianos at chapters across the nation: </p> <dl><dd><i>When we find a girl with golden hair,</i></dd> <dd><i>And eyes of shining blue,</i></dd> <dd><i>With lips so rare, and a skin so fair,</i></dd> <dd><i>And a heart that shall ever be true.</i></dd> <dd></dd> <dd><i>Then we'll love her and cherish her through the years,</i></dd> <dd><i>Singing this old refrain,</i></dd> <dd><i>She's the beautiful sweetheart of old Phi Sig,</i></dd> <dd><i>In our hearts she will e'er remain.</i><sup id="cite_ref-Beta_Deuteron_Archive-Songbook_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Beta_Deuteron_Archive-Songbook-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p>The Phi Sigma Kappa Foundation (PSKF) was formed as a separate legal entity in 1947 to provide scholarships to undergraduates and program support. It has proven to be the financial backbone of the fraternity due to its support of member development and leadership programming and publications. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post_World_War_II">Post World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Post World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following World War II the fraternity (along with other Greek organizations) faced issues related to <a href="/wiki/Racial_segregation_in_the_United_States" title="Racial segregation in the United States">segregation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hazing_in_Greek_letter_organizations" title="Hazing in Greek letter organizations">hazing</a>, and academics. During the 1950s, Phi Sigma Kappa removed racial restrictions on membership, worked with other NIC fraternities to eliminate hazing, and revised its membership education program to reflect such changes. During this time membership in Greek organizations declined significantly and some chapters were again lost. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Civil_rights">Civil rights</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Civil rights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Phi Sigma Kappa, like almost all fraternities and sororities, formed before the <a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil Rights Movement">Civil Rights Movement</a>, had previously not taken in minorities on any scale except for the occasional foreign student. At the 1952 Bedford Springs Convention some chapters, mainly outside of New England and the East, wanted an understanding that no chapter would pledge "negroes," and offered legislation to this end called "The Bedford Resolution." The Bedford Resolution read, <i>"That the fraternity's tradition be maintained in the sense that there be no pledging or initiating of Negro men until they are acceptable to all chapters."</i> The Bedford Resolution narrowly passed. Immediately after, Phi Sigma Kappa lost several chapters due to negative reactions to the resolution. The Alpha Triton Chapter at Wesleyan University disaffiliated itself rather than de-pledge a black student it had pledged in good faith, and reformed itself as a local, Gamma Psi. Chapters at <a href="/wiki/Boston_University" title="Boston University">Boston University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hartwick_College" title="Hartwick College">Hartwick College</a> and <a href="/wiki/Knox_College_(Illinois)" title="Knox College (Illinois)">Knox College</a> were expelled from the Grand Chapter in 1953-55 for each pledging an African-American student, reverting to their former local status. Tau Chapter at <a href="/wiki/Dartmouth_College" title="Dartmouth College">Dartmouth College</a> disaffiliated from Phi Sigma Kappa, citing "racist membership policies" of the fraternity as its motivation. Tau became a local fraternity, and eventually the co-ed organization of <a href="/wiki/Phi_Tau" title="Phi Tau">Phi Tau</a>, in May 1956. Of the chapters that left during the debate, only Tau still operates. </p><p>In a letter dated June 28, 1954, D.R. "Spec" Collins, the then-president of Phi Sigma Kappa, announced that from his point of view, <i>"the entire fraternity system is truly an American institution engaged in the service of building good American citizens–is being challenged. Challenged by those subversive elements who, by encouraging us to quarrel among ourselves may cause us to destroy ourselves. The 'divide and conquer strategy' that might well eliminate a great American institution."</i><sup id="cite_ref-scobie_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scobie-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> President Collins warned that the anti-discrimination issue would be raised at the next Phi Sigma Kappa convention. The Bedford Resolution was a policy and was more easily changed than a constitutional measure or bylaw. Two years after its passage, at the 1954 Convention the Bedford Resolution was repealed in favor of a non-legislative "Gentlemen's Agreement" to ban non-whites. This much weaker, short-lived, informal agreement also encouraged local chapters not to admit minorities to membership.<sup id="cite_ref-ATPS_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATPS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two years later, at the 1956 Convention, the Gentlemen's Agreement was also dropped leaving no race restrictions. Immediately following the 1956 Convention, <i>Phi chapter</i> at <a href="/wiki/Swarthmore_College" title="Swarthmore College">Swarthmore</a>, in Pennsylvania, pledged a black man from the Gold Coast. The Grand President simply took the stance that he would not suspend the chapter, since neither the Bedford Resolution nor any other agreement was in place. At the 1958 convention, there was little discussion of the matter. </p><p>In 2009 some delegates to that year's convention felt that a definitive statement on the issue of discrimination should be incorporated into the constitution itself. Phi Sigma Kappa amended its constitution to include the following nondiscrimination clause, largely intended as a formality: </p> <blockquote><p><i>"No chapter shall discriminate in recruitment or membership based on race, color, religion, national origin, age, disability, ethnic background, sexual orientation, veteran status, marital status, parental status, or political affiliation."</i></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Merger">Merger</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Merger"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For more information, see <a href="/wiki/Phi_Sigma_Epsilon#The_Merger" title="Phi Sigma Epsilon">Phi Sigma Epsilon#The Merger</a></div> <p>Phi Sigma Kappa first discussed mergers at the onset of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> when most fraternities were in danger of falling apart as students went to war. The issue was not discussed seriously again on a national level for decades.<sup id="cite_ref-ATPS_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATPS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1980, a Phi Sigma Kappa Council meeting included the subject of mergers on its agenda. The outcome of the discussion was the conclusion that Phi Sigma Kappa would only participate in a merger if it was the continuing fraternity: Phi Sigma Kappa was open to absorbing a smaller fraternity.<sup id="cite_ref-ATPS_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATPS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1984, a chapter of <a href="/wiki/Phi_Sigma_Epsilon" title="Phi Sigma Epsilon">Phi Sigma Epsilon</a> placed a call to the national headquarters of Phi Sigma Kappa to discuss the fact that several Phi Sigma Epsilon chapters were unhappy with the services of their national organization and that they were interested in Phi Sigma Kappa's expansion efforts. These chapters were considering a change in national affiliation which is not possible under the rules of the <a href="/wiki/North_American_Interfraternity_Conference" title="North American Interfraternity Conference">NIC</a>. A call was made between the presidents of both national organizations but a merger was not explored.<sup id="cite_ref-ATPS_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATPS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Later on in the fall of 1984, the two fraternities were placed next to each other at a table during the <a href="/wiki/North_American_Interfraternity_Conference" title="North American Interfraternity Conference">NIC</a> conference. Discussions commenced and the members at the conference discovered that they had more in common than the first two letters of their respective fraternity's names. Phi Sigma Epsilon's beliefs in justice, wisdom, and honor closely paralleled Phi Sigma Kappa's cardinal principles of brotherhood, scholarship, and character. Phi Sigma Epsilon was in the midst of difficult administrative and financial circumstances and most chapters were in the interior of the <a href="/wiki/Contiguous_United_States" title="Contiguous United States">contiguous United States</a>. Phi Sigma Kappa, although relatively strong both administratively and financially, was concentrated on the east and west coasts of the country. It was found that both organizations had similar rituals upon the report of a brother of Phi Sigma Epsilon who had become an adviser of a Phi Sigma Kappa chapter. That chapter had allowed the faculty adviser to view the rituals of Phi Sigma Kappa. This was an error on the part of the Phi Sigma Kappa chapter but it allowed the two national organizations to otherwise resolve the awkward question of how similar their secrets were.<sup id="cite_ref-ATPS_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATPS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chapter questionnaires, meetings, and communications regarding a merger would occupy both fraternities over several months. Phi Sigma Epsilon narrowly voted in favor of the merger in June 1985. Phi Sigma Kappa's convention was not until August but initial responses were overwhelmingly positive.<sup id="cite_ref-ATPS_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATPS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On August 14, 1985, the merger was approved and formalized. In a stroke of good fortune for the two national bodies, there was only one school, <a href="/wiki/Cornell_University" title="Cornell University">Cornell University</a>, which had active chapters of both fraternities. Younger, and smaller, the Phi Sigma Epsilon chapter was released to affiliate with another national fraternity.<sup id="cite_ref-Baird's_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baird's-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Phi Sigma Kappa's Court of Honor was expanded to include all past presidents of Phi Sigma Epsilon. Shannon Flowers of PSE agreed to serve as the new Recorder for that entity. The Grand Council was expanded to include PSE's past president James Whitfield and former vice president Larry Beck. The Ritual of Association was rewritten to include significant portions of the Phi Sigma Epsilon ritual, and the PSE ritual itself was cast into the form of a special lecture to be added to the ritual book of all chapters for use on particular occasions. The co-author of Phi Sigma Epsilon's ritual, <a href="/wiki/Fred_Schwengel" title="Fred Schwengel">Fred Schwengel</a>, a strong supporter of the Merger, assisted in the incorporation of the two rituals.<sup id="cite_ref-ATPS_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATPS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the Convention in 1987 in <a href="/wiki/Long_Beach,_California" title="Long Beach, California">Long Beach, California</a>, two years following the merger, the crest, Associate Member (pledge) pin, and flag were changed to incorporate the symbolism of Phi Sigma Epsilon. </p><p>Alumni of PSE chapters that merged into Phi Sigma Kappa are accorded the same rank or honors as they held in PSE. The PSE badge is honored as equivalent to a PSK badge for those alumni who choose to wear it. Where Phi Sigma Kappa HQ has accurate mailing addresses, they also receive fraternity mailings and chapter news. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Dissension">Dissension</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Dissension"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Almost all Phi Sigma Epsilon chapters and all Phi Sigma Kappa chapters participated in the merger, which was noted as the largest and most successful collegiate fraternal merger ever. </p><p>Leaders of both fraternities made great attempts to be sensitive to the pain of change and emotions of loss that any such merger would naturally entail. There were pockets of dissent, and not all chapters nor all alumni of Phi Sigma Epsilon participated. Soon after the merger, the former PSE chapter at Cornell was released to join another national; its building was sold to <a href="/wiki/Alpha_Chi_Omega" title="Alpha Chi Omega">Alpha Chi Omega</a> sorority.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other PSE chapters were found to be non-viable or had simply evaporated in the few years since a PSE officer had last visited or corresponded. These were formally closed. Eventually, following several disaffected alumni leaders of Phi Sigma Epsilon, seven PSE groups would go on to form <a href="/wiki/Phi_Sigma_Phi" title="Phi Sigma Phi">Phi Sigma Phi</a> in 1988.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today, both fraternities seek to focus on their futures and maintain a posture of civility and cooperation on those occasions where they cross paths. Considering their shared history and the economic difficulties of supporting full-time operations with a small base of chapter revenue, Phi Sigma Kappa has consistently maintained it would welcome future inquiries toward cooperation from Phi Sigma Phi and her chapters, as a homecoming. </p><p>Phi Sigma Kappa continues to teach new members its enlarged historical record, marking milestones of both original fraternities. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Present">Present</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Present"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>More recently, expansion efforts have been increased, and now somewhat outpace chapter closures, bringing in schools where Phi Sigma Kappa has not had a historical presence, as well as revitalizing troubled groups or dormant groups. This period of expansion has been entwined with an assertive effort to ensure the many surviving former Phi Sigma Epsilon chapters were fully integrated into the larger fraternity, and fully served. Several have had to be re-established, an effort that continues today. Aggressive risk management training has allowed Phi Sig to avoid, for the most part, headline-making news about hazing incidents. Key expansion targets and the return to long-established campuses where chapters have been lost have been another focus. While the fraternity has not lost sight of the attitude of its Founders to not seek bigness for its own sake, Phi Sigma Kappa's Grand Council affirmed a desire for purposeful expansion in the 1980s and 90s which has enhanced its ability to provide the programs and services expected of a strong international fraternity. </p><p>Since the merger, Phi Sigma Kappa has grown at a rate of at least two chapters per year. </p><p> On many campuses, the provision of suitable housing remains the biggest challenge for a new provisional chapter. Phi Sigma Kappa Properties (PSKP), a separate legal entity, was created in 2002 to address this issue in areas of management, finding and funding buildings, dissemination of best practices for alumni holding companies, and building improvements for Phi Sig chapters nationwide.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Signet_Ring_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/56/Signet_Ring_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa.jpg/220px-Signet_Ring_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/5/56/Signet_Ring_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="225" /></a><figcaption>The Signet Ring of Phi Sigma Kappa</figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Phi_Sigma_Kappa%27s_Kinney_Coat_of_Arms,_late_1800s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/09/Phi_Sigma_Kappa%27s_Kinney_Coat_of_Arms%2C_late_1800s.jpg/220px-Phi_Sigma_Kappa%27s_Kinney_Coat_of_Arms%2C_late_1800s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/09/Phi_Sigma_Kappa%27s_Kinney_Coat_of_Arms%2C_late_1800s.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="223" data-file-height="226" /></a><figcaption>The Kinney Coat of Arms was suggested as Phi Sigma Kappa's crest. It was not adopted but remains in informal use as an artistic favorite.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Symbols">Symbols</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Symbols"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The fraternity's motto is "Do unto others as you would have them do unto you." Its Cardinal Principles or pillars are To Promote Brotherhood, To Stimulate Scholarship, To Develop Character. Its symbol is the Triple T, as seen on the signet ring to the right. </p><p>The fraternity's colors are Cardinal red and silver. Its mascot is the owl. The original flower of Phi Sigma Kappa was the <a href="/wiki/Dianthus_caryophyllus" title="Dianthus caryophyllus">red carnation</a>. After the merger, in 1987 the fraternity adopted a second official flower, the White <a href="/wiki/Garden_roses#Tea" title="Garden roses">Tea Rose</a>, which had been honored by Phi Sigma Epsilon. Phi Sigma Kappa now recognizes both flowers with equal deference. </p><p>Phi Sigma Kappa's publication is <i>The Signet</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Badge">Badge</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Badge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The official pin consists of the three Greek letters (<b><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ΦΣΚ</span></span></b>). The letter <b><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Φ</span></span></b> may be plain gold or crown set with fifteen whole pearls and is superimposed upon a rose engraved and rose finished chased gold <b><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Σ</span></span></b> to the left and <b><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Κ</span></span></b> to the right. As a mark of distinction, council members may wear a ruby instead of a pearl as the center jewel, and national presidents are presented with a badge set with diamonds instead of pearls, and with a ruby as the center jewel. Appointive officers may wear an emerald instead of a pearl as their center jewel. The pledge pin used to be a red button approximately 3/8 inch in diameter. That pin was surrounded by a silver band in which the original Three T characters of the society were inset in silver. After the adoption of the merger symbolism in 1987, the circle and Triple T's characters were circumscribed by a slightly larger triangle of silver.<sup id="cite_ref-Baird's_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baird's-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Phi Sigma Kappa continues to recognize the Phi Sigma Epsilon badge for those brothers who received it before the merger of the two fraternities.<sup id="cite_ref-HAAS_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HAAS-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flag">Flag</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Flag"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The official flag had been seven by five feet in dimension, but in 2021 those specific dimensions were relaxed to allow flags of other sizes.<sup id="cite_ref-Signet,_Fall_2021_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Signet,_Fall_2021-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The description of the flag remains consistent: three horizontal bars of equal height. The bottom bar is red and symbolizes First and Second Degree members, the foundation of the fraternity. The middle bar is silver for Third and Fourth Degree members, indicative of the field of fraternal service. The Greek letters <b><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ΦΣΚ</span></span></b> are located in the center of this bar. The top bar, also red, commemorates Fifth and Sixth Degree members, indicative of Grand Chapter recognition. The silver and red Tumbling T's logo inscribed in a triangle of silver is located at the left end of the upper bar.<sup id="cite_ref-Baird's_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baird's-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This flag was adopted at the 1987 Convention, before this, Phi Sigma Kappa's flag bore the Triple T's set alone in a round border, without the triangle, and used the old colors of <a href="/wiki/Silver_(color)" title="Silver (color)">silver</a> and <a href="/wiki/Magenta" title="Magenta">magenta</a> in an otherwise identical layout. It was at the 1987 Convention in Long Beach, CA that a special "merger committee" gave its recommendations including the new flag design, updated colors of Cardinal Red and Silver, revised wording of the Cardinal Principals paragraphs, various changes to the esoteric Ritual, the updated crest design and updated pledge pin design. The committee's report was adopted by a wide margin, with acclaim, as ATPS notes "continuing the spirit of the [merger] convention."<sup id="cite_ref-ATPS_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATPS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 177">: 177 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chapters">Chapters</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Chapters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_chapters" title="List of Phi Sigma Kappa chapters">List of Phi Sigma Kappa chapters</a></div> <p>Interest groups form provisional chapters, which in turn become chapters by earning a Phi Sigma Kappa charter from the international headquarters. A <a href="/wiki/Charter" title="Charter">charter</a> is a document that conveys from a governing body permission for a local group to operate as a chapter. A PSK charter also signifies the date and location of the new chapter and lists its founding members. In the event of a re-colonization, a new group may still refer to the original charter date when citing the age of their chapter, even in a re-colonization.<sup id="cite_ref-Signet,_Fall_20212_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Signet,_Fall_20212-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chapters are individually designated by a chapter name. The original 24 chapters are called, in order, <i>Alpha</i>, <i>Beta</i>, <i>Gamma</i>, etc., thru to <i>Omega</i>. Following this, the "Deuteron" series began with <i>Alpha Deuteron</i>, then <i>Beta Deuteron</i>, <i>Gamma Deuteron</i>, and continuing through to <i>Omega Deuteron</i>. As of 2010, eight naming series have been established. Several other fraternities and sororities use a similar naming system. The Greek-based designations used by Phi Sigma Kappa include: </p> <dl><dd>Original Series, <i>Alpha</i> through <i>Omega</i></dd> <dd>Deuteron Series, or second series, beginning with <i>Alpha Deuteron</i></dd> <dd>Triton Series, or third series</dd> <dd>Tetarton Series, or fourth series</dd> <dd>Pentaton Series, or fifth series</dd> <dd>Hexaton Series, or sixth series</dd> <dd>Septaton Series, or seventh series</dd> <dd>Octaton Series, or eighth series</dd></dl> <p>Phi Sigma Epsilon brought its naming system to the fraternity. Concerning the sensitivity of the merger in general, it was quickly decided that incoming PSE chapters could with pride maintain either their original chapter names or a chapter name that evoked their source in PSE. These naming series are: </p> <dl><dd>Epsilon Series, original oldest 24 PSE chapters</dd> <dd>Phi Series, second PSE series</dd> <dd>Sigma Series, third PSE series</dd></dl> <p>Additionally, the three founding chapters of Phi Sigma Epsilon were honored by reversing in their names the letters "Epsilon Alpha" into <i>Alpha Epsilon</i>, "Epsilon Beta" into <i>Beta Epsilon</i>, and "Epsilon Gamma" into <i>Gamma Epsilon</i>, signifying their role in the formation of Phi Sigma Epsilon. The fourth oldest PSE chapter is <i>Epsilon Delta</i>, with the naming convention remaining more or less consistent, depending on the age of the chapter, and with some exceptions to match most closely the original names of those chapters. </p><p>Chapter lists are rendered in order of the original date of chapter founding. </p><p>Re-establishment where both groups existed but where they both are dormant usually takes on the name of the older dormant chapter, although some exceptions have been made if the alumni base has a clear preference. </p><p>New chapters where there has been neither a PSK nor PSE chapter will continue the Octaton series, or further series, as needed. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chapter_houses">Chapter houses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Chapter houses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following are images of many of the Phi Sigma Kappa chapter houses. Many of the buildings in the historical photos are still owned by fraternity chapters and their alumni today, having been remodeled and expanded, while others have been replaced. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed-hover"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 187.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 185.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alpha_Chapter,_UMassAmherst,_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_1910.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Alpha at UMass, c. 1910"><img alt="Alpha at UMass, c. 1910" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Alpha_Chapter%2C_UMassAmherst%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_1910.jpg/278px-Alpha_Chapter%2C_UMassAmherst%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_1910.jpg" decoding="async" width="186" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Alpha_Chapter%2C_UMassAmherst%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_1910.jpg/417px-Alpha_Chapter%2C_UMassAmherst%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_1910.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Alpha_Chapter%2C_UMassAmherst%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_1910.jpg 2x" data-file-width="448" data-file-height="290" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 166px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Alpha</i> at UMass, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1910</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 62px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 60px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Beta_chapter,_Union_College,_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_fraternity,_1910.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Beta at Union, 1910"><img alt="Beta at Union, 1910" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Beta_chapter%2C_Union_College%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_fraternity%2C_1910.jpg/56px-Beta_chapter%2C_Union_College%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_fraternity%2C_1910.jpg" decoding="async" width="38" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Beta_chapter%2C_Union_College%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_fraternity%2C_1910.jpg/85px-Beta_chapter%2C_Union_College%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_fraternity%2C_1910.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Beta_chapter%2C_Union_College%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_fraternity%2C_1910.jpg/113px-Beta_chapter%2C_Union_College%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_fraternity%2C_1910.jpg 2x" data-file-width="202" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 40px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Beta</i> at Union, 1910</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 174.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 172.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cornell_Chapter_(Gamma)_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_ca1910.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gamma at Cornell University, c. 1903"><img alt="Gamma at Cornell University, c. 1903" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Cornell_Chapter_%28Gamma%29_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_ca1910.jpg/259px-Cornell_Chapter_%28Gamma%29_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_ca1910.jpg" decoding="async" width="173" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Cornell_Chapter_%28Gamma%29_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_ca1910.jpg/388px-Cornell_Chapter_%28Gamma%29_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_ca1910.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/Cornell_Chapter_%28Gamma%29_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_ca1910.jpg 2x" data-file-width="448" data-file-height="312" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 153px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Gamma</i> at Cornell University, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1903</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 94px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 92px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Delta_chapter,_West_Virginia_University,_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_1910.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Delta at West Virginia, 1910. (former)"><img alt="Delta at West Virginia, 1910. (former)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Delta_chapter%2C_West_Virginia_University%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_1910.jpg/138px-Delta_chapter%2C_West_Virginia_University%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_1910.jpg" decoding="async" width="92" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Delta_chapter%2C_West_Virginia_University%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_1910.jpg/208px-Delta_chapter%2C_West_Virginia_University%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_1910.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Delta_chapter%2C_West_Virginia_University%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_1910.jpg/277px-Delta_chapter%2C_West_Virginia_University%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_1910.jpg 2x" data-file-width="333" data-file-height="433" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 72px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Delta</i> at West Virginia, 1910. (former)</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 178.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Delta_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_West_Virginia,_May_1941,_sm.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Delta at West Virginia, c. 1941"><img alt="Delta at West Virginia, c. 1941" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Delta_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_West_Virginia%2C_May_1941%2C_sm.jpg/268px-Delta_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_West_Virginia%2C_May_1941%2C_sm.jpg" decoding="async" width="179" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Delta_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_West_Virginia%2C_May_1941%2C_sm.jpg/402px-Delta_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_West_Virginia%2C_May_1941%2C_sm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Delta_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_West_Virginia%2C_May_1941%2C_sm.jpg/536px-Delta_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_West_Virginia%2C_May_1941%2C_sm.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="688" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 159px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Delta</i> at West Virginia, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1941</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 122px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Delta_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_West_Virginia,_in_snow,_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Delta at West Virginia University, 2012"><img alt="Delta at West Virginia University, 2012" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Delta_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_West_Virginia%2C_in_snow%2C_2013.jpg/180px-Delta_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_West_Virginia%2C_in_snow%2C_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Delta_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_West_Virginia%2C_in_snow%2C_2013.jpg/270px-Delta_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_West_Virginia%2C_in_snow%2C_2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Delta_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_West_Virginia%2C_in_snow%2C_2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="336" data-file-height="336" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 100px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Delta</i> at West Virginia University, 2012</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 198px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 196px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Epsilon_chapter_or_Sachem_Hall_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_at_Yale_University,_1907.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Epsilon's Sachem Hall, at Yale, c. 1907"><img alt="Epsilon's Sachem Hall, at Yale, c. 1907" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Epsilon_chapter_or_Sachem_Hall_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Yale_University%2C_1907.jpg/294px-Epsilon_chapter_or_Sachem_Hall_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Yale_University%2C_1907.jpg" decoding="async" width="196" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Epsilon_chapter_or_Sachem_Hall_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Yale_University%2C_1907.jpg/441px-Epsilon_chapter_or_Sachem_Hall_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Yale_University%2C_1907.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Epsilon_chapter_or_Sachem_Hall_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Yale_University%2C_1907.jpg/587px-Epsilon_chapter_or_Sachem_Hall_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Yale_University%2C_1907.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="628" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 176px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Epsilon's</i> Sachem Hall, at Yale, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1907</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Eta_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_Maryland,_newer_building,_1954.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Eta at Maryland, circa 1954"><img alt="Eta at Maryland, circa 1954" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Eta_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Maryland%2C_newer_building%2C_1954.jpg/271px-Eta_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Maryland%2C_newer_building%2C_1954.jpg" decoding="async" width="181" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Eta_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Maryland%2C_newer_building%2C_1954.jpg/406px-Eta_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Maryland%2C_newer_building%2C_1954.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Eta_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Maryland%2C_newer_building%2C_1954.jpg/541px-Eta_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Maryland%2C_newer_building%2C_1954.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="682" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 161px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Eta</i> at Maryland, circa 1954</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 62px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 60px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Theta_chapter,_Columbia_University,_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_1910.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Theta at Columbia, 1910"><img alt="Theta at Columbia, 1910" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Theta_chapter%2C_Columbia_University%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_1910.jpg/67px-Theta_chapter%2C_Columbia_University%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_1910.jpg" decoding="async" width="45" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Theta_chapter%2C_Columbia_University%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_1910.jpg/101px-Theta_chapter%2C_Columbia_University%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_1910.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Theta_chapter%2C_Columbia_University%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_1910.jpg/134px-Theta_chapter%2C_Columbia_University%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_1910.jpg 2x" data-file-width="239" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 40px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Theta</i> at Columbia, 1910</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 97.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 95.333333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Iota_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_Stevens_Institute,_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Iota at Stevens Institute, 2008"><img alt="Iota at Stevens Institute, 2008" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Iota_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Stevens_Institute%2C_2008.jpg/143px-Iota_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Stevens_Institute%2C_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Iota_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Stevens_Institute%2C_2008.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="155" data-file-height="195" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 76px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Iota</i> at Stevens Institute, 2008</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 196.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 194.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kappa_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_at_Penn_State,_sm,_from_The_Signet,_Jan_1950,_vol_XLII,_no_1,_p15.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kappa at Penn State, c. 1950"><img alt="Kappa at Penn State, c. 1950" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Kappa_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Penn_State%2C_sm%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Jan_1950%2C_vol_XLII%2C_no_1%2C_p15.jpg/292px-Kappa_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Penn_State%2C_sm%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Jan_1950%2C_vol_XLII%2C_no_1%2C_p15.jpg" decoding="async" width="195" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Kappa_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Penn_State%2C_sm%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Jan_1950%2C_vol_XLII%2C_no_1%2C_p15.jpg/438px-Kappa_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Penn_State%2C_sm%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Jan_1950%2C_vol_XLII%2C_no_1%2C_p15.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Kappa_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Penn_State%2C_sm%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Jan_1950%2C_vol_XLII%2C_no_1%2C_p15.jpg/584px-Kappa_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Penn_State%2C_sm%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Jan_1950%2C_vol_XLII%2C_no_1%2C_p15.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="632" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 175px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Kappa</i> at Penn State, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1950</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 176px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 174px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kappa_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_Penn_State,_2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kappa at Penn State, 2010"><img alt="Kappa at Penn State, 2010" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Kappa_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Penn_State%2C_2010.jpg/261px-Kappa_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Penn_State%2C_2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="174" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Kappa_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Penn_State%2C_2010.jpg/392px-Kappa_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Penn_State%2C_2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Kappa_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Penn_State%2C_2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="448" data-file-height="309" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 154px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Kappa</i> at Penn State, 2010</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 95.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 93.333333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lambda_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_at_George_Washington,_1947,_sm.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lambda at George Washington, c. 1947"><img alt="Lambda at George Washington, c. 1947" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Lambda_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_George_Washington%2C_1947%2C_sm.jpg/140px-Lambda_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_George_Washington%2C_1947%2C_sm.jpg" decoding="async" width="94" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Lambda_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_George_Washington%2C_1947%2C_sm.jpg/210px-Lambda_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_George_Washington%2C_1947%2C_sm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Lambda_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_George_Washington%2C_1947%2C_sm.jpg/281px-Lambda_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_George_Washington%2C_1947%2C_sm.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="985" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 74px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Lambda</i> at George Washington, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1947</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 80.666666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 78.666666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mu_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_at_Penn,_from_The_Signet,_May_1950_(sm),_vol_XLII,_No_3,_p232.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mu at Penn, c. 1950"><img alt="Mu at Penn, c. 1950" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Mu_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Penn%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_May_1950_%28sm%29%2C_vol_XLII%2C_No_3%2C_p232.jpg/118px-Mu_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Penn%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_May_1950_%28sm%29%2C_vol_XLII%2C_No_3%2C_p232.jpg" decoding="async" width="79" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Mu_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Penn%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_May_1950_%28sm%29%2C_vol_XLII%2C_No_3%2C_p232.jpg/177px-Mu_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Penn%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_May_1950_%28sm%29%2C_vol_XLII%2C_No_3%2C_p232.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Mu_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Penn%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_May_1950_%28sm%29%2C_vol_XLII%2C_No_3%2C_p232.jpg/236px-Mu_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Penn%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_May_1950_%28sm%29%2C_vol_XLII%2C_No_3%2C_p232.jpg 2x" data-file-width="671" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 59px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Mu</i> at Penn, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1950</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 178.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nu_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_at_Lehigh,_in_winter,_low_res.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nu at Lehigh, c. 1948"><img alt="Nu at Lehigh, c. 1948" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Nu_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Lehigh%2C_in_winter%2C_low_res.jpg/268px-Nu_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Lehigh%2C_in_winter%2C_low_res.jpg" decoding="async" width="179" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Nu_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Lehigh%2C_in_winter%2C_low_res.jpg/402px-Nu_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Lehigh%2C_in_winter%2C_low_res.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Nu_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Lehigh%2C_in_winter%2C_low_res.jpg/535px-Nu_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Lehigh%2C_in_winter%2C_low_res.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="689" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 159px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Nu</i> at Lehigh, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1948</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 106.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 104.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Xi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_at_St._Lawrence_(sm),_from_The_Signet,_March_1949,_Vol_XLI,_No_2,_p160.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Xi at St. Lawrence, c. 1949"><img alt="Xi at St. Lawrence, c. 1949" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Xi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_St._Lawrence_%28sm%29%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_March_1949%2C_Vol_XLI%2C_No_2%2C_p160.jpg/157px-Xi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_St._Lawrence_%28sm%29%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_March_1949%2C_Vol_XLI%2C_No_2%2C_p160.jpg" decoding="async" width="105" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Xi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_St._Lawrence_%28sm%29%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_March_1949%2C_Vol_XLI%2C_No_2%2C_p160.jpg/236px-Xi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_St._Lawrence_%28sm%29%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_March_1949%2C_Vol_XLI%2C_No_2%2C_p160.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Xi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_St._Lawrence_%28sm%29%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_March_1949%2C_Vol_XLI%2C_No_2%2C_p160.jpg/314px-Xi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_St._Lawrence_%28sm%29%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_March_1949%2C_Vol_XLI%2C_No_2%2C_p160.jpg 2x" data-file-width="336" data-file-height="385" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 85px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Xi</i> at St. Lawrence, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1949</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 176.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 174.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Xi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_St._Lawrence,_the_Signet,_May_1952,_vol_XLIV,_no_3,_p160.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Xi at St. Lawrence, c. 1952"><img alt="Xi at St. Lawrence, c. 1952" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Xi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_St._Lawrence%2C_the_Signet%2C_May_1952%2C_vol_XLIV%2C_no_3%2C_p160.jpg/262px-Xi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_St._Lawrence%2C_the_Signet%2C_May_1952%2C_vol_XLIV%2C_no_3%2C_p160.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Xi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_St._Lawrence%2C_the_Signet%2C_May_1952%2C_vol_XLIV%2C_no_3%2C_p160.jpg/393px-Xi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_St._Lawrence%2C_the_Signet%2C_May_1952%2C_vol_XLIV%2C_no_3%2C_p160.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Xi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_St._Lawrence%2C_the_Signet%2C_May_1952%2C_vol_XLIV%2C_no_3%2C_p160.jpg/524px-Xi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_St._Lawrence%2C_the_Signet%2C_May_1952%2C_vol_XLIV%2C_no_3%2C_p160.jpg 2x" data-file-width="916" data-file-height="629" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 155px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Xi</i> at St. Lawrence, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1952</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 90px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 88px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Omicron_chapter,_MIT,_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_1911.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Omicron at MIT, circa 1911 (former)"><img alt="Omicron at MIT, circa 1911 (former)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Omicron_chapter%2C_MIT%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_1911.jpg/132px-Omicron_chapter%2C_MIT%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_1911.jpg" decoding="async" width="88" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Omicron_chapter%2C_MIT%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_1911.jpg/198px-Omicron_chapter%2C_MIT%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_1911.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Omicron_chapter%2C_MIT%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_1911.jpg/264px-Omicron_chapter%2C_MIT%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_1911.jpg 2x" data-file-width="329" data-file-height="448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 68px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Omicron</i> at MIT, circa 1911 (former)</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 87.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 85.333333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Omicron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_at_MIT,_1940s.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Omicron at MIT, early-1950s"><img alt="Omicron at MIT, early-1950s" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Omicron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_MIT%2C_1940s.jpg/128px-Omicron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_MIT%2C_1940s.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Omicron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_MIT%2C_1940s.jpg/192px-Omicron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_MIT%2C_1940s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Omicron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_MIT%2C_1940s.jpg/256px-Omicron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_MIT%2C_1940s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="319" data-file-height="448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 66px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Omicron</i> at MIT, early-1950s</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 93.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 91.333333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Franklin_%26_Marshall,_sm,_The_Signet,_Mar_1943,_vol.XXXV,_No.2,_p.103.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pi at Franklin & Marshall, c. 1943"><img alt="Pi at Franklin & Marshall, c. 1943" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Pi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Franklin_%26_Marshall%2C_sm%2C_The_Signet%2C_Mar_1943%2C_vol.XXXV%2C_No.2%2C_p.103.jpg/137px-Pi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Franklin_%26_Marshall%2C_sm%2C_The_Signet%2C_Mar_1943%2C_vol.XXXV%2C_No.2%2C_p.103.jpg" decoding="async" width="92" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Pi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Franklin_%26_Marshall%2C_sm%2C_The_Signet%2C_Mar_1943%2C_vol.XXXV%2C_No.2%2C_p.103.jpg/205px-Pi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Franklin_%26_Marshall%2C_sm%2C_The_Signet%2C_Mar_1943%2C_vol.XXXV%2C_No.2%2C_p.103.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Pi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Franklin_%26_Marshall%2C_sm%2C_The_Signet%2C_Mar_1943%2C_vol.XXXV%2C_No.2%2C_p.103.jpg/274px-Pi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Franklin_%26_Marshall%2C_sm%2C_The_Signet%2C_Mar_1943%2C_vol.XXXV%2C_No.2%2C_p.103.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1009" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 72px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Pi</i> at Franklin & Marshall, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1943</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 178.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Phi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Swarthmore,_The_Signet,_Jan_1944,_vol.XXXVI,_No.1,_p.7.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Phi at Swarthmore, c. 1944"><img alt="Phi at Swarthmore, c. 1944" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Phi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Swarthmore%2C_The_Signet%2C_Jan_1944%2C_vol.XXXVI%2C_No.1%2C_p.7.jpg/268px-Phi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Swarthmore%2C_The_Signet%2C_Jan_1944%2C_vol.XXXVI%2C_No.1%2C_p.7.jpg" decoding="async" width="179" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Phi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Swarthmore%2C_The_Signet%2C_Jan_1944%2C_vol.XXXVI%2C_No.1%2C_p.7.jpg/402px-Phi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Swarthmore%2C_The_Signet%2C_Jan_1944%2C_vol.XXXVI%2C_No.1%2C_p.7.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Phi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Swarthmore%2C_The_Signet%2C_Jan_1944%2C_vol.XXXVI%2C_No.1%2C_p.7.jpg/536px-Phi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Swarthmore%2C_The_Signet%2C_Jan_1944%2C_vol.XXXVI%2C_No.1%2C_p.7.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="688" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 159px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Phi</i> at Swarthmore, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1944</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 165.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 163.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chi_chapter,_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_at_Williams,_old_house_1947,_small.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chi at Williams, prior to 1947 (former)"><img alt="Chi at Williams, prior to 1947 (former)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Chi_chapter%2C_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Williams%2C_old_house_1947%2C_small.jpg/245px-Chi_chapter%2C_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Williams%2C_old_house_1947%2C_small.jpg" decoding="async" width="164" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Chi_chapter%2C_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Williams%2C_old_house_1947%2C_small.jpg/367px-Chi_chapter%2C_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Williams%2C_old_house_1947%2C_small.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Chi_chapter%2C_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Williams%2C_old_house_1947%2C_small.jpg/489px-Chi_chapter%2C_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Williams%2C_old_house_1947%2C_small.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="754" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 144px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Chi</i> at Williams, prior to 1947 (former)</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 178px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Williams,_sm,_from_the_May_1947_Signet.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chi at Williams, circa 1947"><img alt="Chi at Williams, circa 1947" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Chi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Williams%2C_sm%2C_from_the_May_1947_Signet.jpg/267px-Chi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Williams%2C_sm%2C_from_the_May_1947_Signet.jpg" decoding="async" width="178" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Chi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Williams%2C_sm%2C_from_the_May_1947_Signet.jpg/401px-Chi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Williams%2C_sm%2C_from_the_May_1947_Signet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Chi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Williams%2C_sm%2C_from_the_May_1947_Signet.jpg/535px-Chi_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Williams%2C_sm%2C_from_the_May_1947_Signet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="690" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 158px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Chi</i> at Williams, circa 1947</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 213.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:UVA_Phi_Sig_House.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Psi at Virginia"><img alt="Psi at Virginia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/UVA_Phi_Sig_House.jpg/320px-UVA_Phi_Sig_House.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/UVA_Phi_Sig_House.jpg/480px-UVA_Phi_Sig_House.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/UVA_Phi_Sig_House.jpg/640px-UVA_Phi_Sig_House.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4160" data-file-height="2340" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 194px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Psi</i> at Virginia</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alpha_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_at_Illinois,_sm,_from_The_Signet,_Nov_1950,_vol_XLII,_no_4,_p380.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Alpha Deuteron at Illinois, c. 1950"><img alt="Alpha Deuteron at Illinois, c. 1950" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Alpha_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Illinois%2C_sm%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Nov_1950%2C_vol_XLII%2C_no_4%2C_p380.jpg/271px-Alpha_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Illinois%2C_sm%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Nov_1950%2C_vol_XLII%2C_no_4%2C_p380.jpg" decoding="async" width="181" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Alpha_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Illinois%2C_sm%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Nov_1950%2C_vol_XLII%2C_no_4%2C_p380.jpg/407px-Alpha_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Illinois%2C_sm%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Nov_1950%2C_vol_XLII%2C_no_4%2C_p380.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Alpha_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Illinois%2C_sm%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Nov_1950%2C_vol_XLII%2C_no_4%2C_p380.jpg/542px-Alpha_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Illinois%2C_sm%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Nov_1950%2C_vol_XLII%2C_no_4%2C_p380.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="680" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 161px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Alpha Deuteron</i> at Illinois, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1950</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 97.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 95.333333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Beta_Deuteron_chapter,_University_of_Minnesota,_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_1933.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Beta Deuteron at Minnesota, c. 1933"><img alt="Beta Deuteron at Minnesota, c. 1933" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Beta_Deuteron_chapter%2C_University_of_Minnesota%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_1933.jpg/143px-Beta_Deuteron_chapter%2C_University_of_Minnesota%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_1933.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Beta_Deuteron_chapter%2C_University_of_Minnesota%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_1933.jpg/214px-Beta_Deuteron_chapter%2C_University_of_Minnesota%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_1933.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Beta_Deuteron_chapter%2C_University_of_Minnesota%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_1933.jpg/286px-Beta_Deuteron_chapter%2C_University_of_Minnesota%2C_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_1933.jpg 2x" data-file-width="336" data-file-height="423" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 76px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Beta Deuteron</i> at Minnesota, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1933</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Beta_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_from_the_Jan_1947_Signet,_vol_XXXIX,_no_1,_p89_left_profile.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Beta Deuteron at Minnesota, c. 1947"><img alt="Beta Deuteron at Minnesota, c. 1947" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Beta_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_from_the_Jan_1947_Signet%2C_vol_XXXIX%2C_no_1%2C_p89_left_profile.jpg/271px-Beta_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_from_the_Jan_1947_Signet%2C_vol_XXXIX%2C_no_1%2C_p89_left_profile.jpg" decoding="async" width="181" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Beta_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_from_the_Jan_1947_Signet%2C_vol_XXXIX%2C_no_1%2C_p89_left_profile.jpg/407px-Beta_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_from_the_Jan_1947_Signet%2C_vol_XXXIX%2C_no_1%2C_p89_left_profile.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Beta_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_from_the_Jan_1947_Signet%2C_vol_XXXIX%2C_no_1%2C_p89_left_profile.jpg/542px-Beta_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_from_the_Jan_1947_Signet%2C_vol_XXXIX%2C_no_1%2C_p89_left_profile.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="680" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 161px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Beta Deuteron</i> at Minnesota, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1947</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Delta_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_at_Michigan_sm,_Oct_1946,_from_The_Signet,_vol_XXXVIII,_no_4,_p259.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Delta Deuteron at Michigan, c. 1946"><img alt="Delta Deuteron at Michigan, c. 1946" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Delta_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Michigan_sm%2C_Oct_1946%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_vol_XXXVIII%2C_no_4%2C_p259.jpg/240px-Delta_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Michigan_sm%2C_Oct_1946%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_vol_XXXVIII%2C_no_4%2C_p259.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Delta_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Michigan_sm%2C_Oct_1946%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_vol_XXXVIII%2C_no_4%2C_p259.jpg/359px-Delta_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Michigan_sm%2C_Oct_1946%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_vol_XXXVIII%2C_no_4%2C_p259.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Delta_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Michigan_sm%2C_Oct_1946%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_vol_XXXVIII%2C_no_4%2C_p259.jpg/479px-Delta_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Michigan_sm%2C_Oct_1946%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_vol_XXXVIII%2C_no_4%2C_p259.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1022" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 140px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Delta Deuteron</i> at Michigan, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1946</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 196.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 194.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mu_Deuteron_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_at_the_University_of_Montana,_Missoula,_1948_sm.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mu Deuteron at the University of Montana, c. 1948"><img alt="Mu Deuteron at the University of Montana, c. 1948" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Mu_Deuteron_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_the_University_of_Montana%2C_Missoula%2C_1948_sm.jpg/292px-Mu_Deuteron_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_the_University_of_Montana%2C_Missoula%2C_1948_sm.jpg" decoding="async" width="195" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Mu_Deuteron_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_the_University_of_Montana%2C_Missoula%2C_1948_sm.jpg/438px-Mu_Deuteron_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_the_University_of_Montana%2C_Missoula%2C_1948_sm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Mu_Deuteron_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_the_University_of_Montana%2C_Missoula%2C_1948_sm.jpg/584px-Mu_Deuteron_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_the_University_of_Montana%2C_Missoula%2C_1948_sm.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="632" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 175px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Mu Deuteron</i> at the University of Montana, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1948</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 161.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 159.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Xi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_at_Tennessee,_Oct_1946_(sm),_from_The_Signet,_vol_XXXVIII,_no_4,_p259.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Xi Deuteron at Tennessee, c. 1946 (former)"><img alt="Xi Deuteron at Tennessee, c. 1946 (former)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Xi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Tennessee%2C_Oct_1946_%28sm%29%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_vol_XXXVIII%2C_no_4%2C_p259.jpg/239px-Xi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Tennessee%2C_Oct_1946_%28sm%29%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_vol_XXXVIII%2C_no_4%2C_p259.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Xi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Tennessee%2C_Oct_1946_%28sm%29%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_vol_XXXVIII%2C_no_4%2C_p259.jpg/359px-Xi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Tennessee%2C_Oct_1946_%28sm%29%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_vol_XXXVIII%2C_no_4%2C_p259.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Xi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Tennessee%2C_Oct_1946_%28sm%29%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_vol_XXXVIII%2C_no_4%2C_p259.jpg/478px-Xi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Tennessee%2C_Oct_1946_%28sm%29%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_vol_XXXVIII%2C_no_4%2C_p259.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 140px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Xi Deuteron</i> at Tennessee, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1946</span> (former)</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 238px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 236px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Xi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_UTenn,_2005.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Xi Deuteron at the University of Tennessee, 2005"><img alt="Xi Deuteron at the University of Tennessee, 2005" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Xi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_UTenn%2C_2005.jpg/354px-Xi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_UTenn%2C_2005.jpg" decoding="async" width="236" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/Xi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_UTenn%2C_2005.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="448" data-file-height="228" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 216px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Xi Deuteron</i> at the University of Tennessee, 2005 </div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 152.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Ohio_State,_March_1950,_The_Signet,_vol_XLII,_No_2,_p.122.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pi Deuteron at Ohio State, c. 1950"><img alt="Pi Deuteron at Ohio State, c. 1950" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Pi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Ohio_State%2C_March_1950%2C_The_Signet%2C_vol_XLII%2C_No_2%2C_p.122.jpg/226px-Pi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Ohio_State%2C_March_1950%2C_The_Signet%2C_vol_XLII%2C_No_2%2C_p.122.jpg" decoding="async" width="151" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Pi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Ohio_State%2C_March_1950%2C_The_Signet%2C_vol_XLII%2C_No_2%2C_p.122.jpg/339px-Pi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Ohio_State%2C_March_1950%2C_The_Signet%2C_vol_XLII%2C_No_2%2C_p.122.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Pi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Ohio_State%2C_March_1950%2C_The_Signet%2C_vol_XLII%2C_No_2%2C_p.122.jpg/452px-Pi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Ohio_State%2C_March_1950%2C_The_Signet%2C_vol_XLII%2C_No_2%2C_p.122.jpg 2x" data-file-width="965" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 131px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Pi Deuteron</i> at Ohio State, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1950</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 160.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 158.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Phi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_at_Kentucky,_sm,_Oct_1946,_from_The_Signet,_XXXVIII,_no4,_p267.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Phi Deuteron at Kentucky, c. 1946"><img alt="Phi Deuteron at Kentucky, c. 1946" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Phi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Kentucky%2C_sm%2C_Oct_1946%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_XXXVIII%2C_no4%2C_p267.jpg/238px-Phi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Kentucky%2C_sm%2C_Oct_1946%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_XXXVIII%2C_no4%2C_p267.jpg" decoding="async" width="159" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Phi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Kentucky%2C_sm%2C_Oct_1946%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_XXXVIII%2C_no4%2C_p267.jpg/357px-Phi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Kentucky%2C_sm%2C_Oct_1946%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_XXXVIII%2C_no4%2C_p267.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Phi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Kentucky%2C_sm%2C_Oct_1946%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_XXXVIII%2C_no4%2C_p267.jpg/475px-Phi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Kentucky%2C_sm%2C_Oct_1946%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_XXXVIII%2C_no4%2C_p267.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1014" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 139px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Phi Deuteron</i> at Kentucky, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1946</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 183.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Phi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_at_Kentucky,_in_1941.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Phi Deuteron at Kentucky, c. 1941"><img alt="Phi Deuteron at Kentucky, c. 1941" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Phi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Kentucky%2C_in_1941.jpg/275px-Phi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Kentucky%2C_in_1941.jpg" decoding="async" width="184" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Phi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Kentucky%2C_in_1941.jpg/412px-Phi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Kentucky%2C_in_1941.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Phi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Kentucky%2C_in_1941.jpg/550px-Phi_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Kentucky%2C_in_1941.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4765" data-file-height="3123" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 164px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Phi Deuteron</i> at Kentucky, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1941</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 74px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 72px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chi_Deuteron_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_Washington_State,_sm.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chi Deuteron at Washington State, c. 1947"><img alt="Chi Deuteron at Washington State, c. 1947" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chi_Deuteron_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Washington_State%2C_sm.jpg/108px-Chi_Deuteron_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Washington_State%2C_sm.jpg" decoding="async" width="72" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chi_Deuteron_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Washington_State%2C_sm.jpg/162px-Chi_Deuteron_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Washington_State%2C_sm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chi_Deuteron_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Washington_State%2C_sm.jpg/217px-Chi_Deuteron_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Washington_State%2C_sm.jpg 2x" data-file-width="617" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 52px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Chi Deuteron</i> at Washington State, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1947</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 196.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 194.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Omega_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_at_USC,_sm,_May_1946,_from_The_Signet,vol_XXXVIII,_no_3,_p134.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Omega Deuteron at USC, c. 1946 (former)"><img alt="Omega Deuteron at USC, c. 1946 (former)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Omega_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_USC%2C_sm%2C_May_1946%2C_from_The_Signet%2Cvol_XXXVIII%2C_no_3%2C_p134.jpg/292px-Omega_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_USC%2C_sm%2C_May_1946%2C_from_The_Signet%2Cvol_XXXVIII%2C_no_3%2C_p134.jpg" decoding="async" width="195" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Omega_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_USC%2C_sm%2C_May_1946%2C_from_The_Signet%2Cvol_XXXVIII%2C_no_3%2C_p134.jpg/438px-Omega_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_USC%2C_sm%2C_May_1946%2C_from_The_Signet%2Cvol_XXXVIII%2C_no_3%2C_p134.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Omega_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_USC%2C_sm%2C_May_1946%2C_from_The_Signet%2Cvol_XXXVIII%2C_no_3%2C_p134.jpg/585px-Omega_Deuteron_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_USC%2C_sm%2C_May_1946%2C_from_The_Signet%2Cvol_XXXVIII%2C_no_3%2C_p134.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="631" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 175px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Omega Deuteron</i> at USC, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1946</span> (former)</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Omega_Deuteron_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_at_USC,_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Omega Deuteron at USC, 2013"><img alt="Omega Deuteron at USC, 2013" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Omega_Deuteron_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_USC%2C_2013.jpg/270px-Omega_Deuteron_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_USC%2C_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Omega_Deuteron_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_USC%2C_2013.jpg/405px-Omega_Deuteron_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_USC%2C_2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Omega_Deuteron_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_USC%2C_2013.jpg/540px-Omega_Deuteron_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_USC%2C_2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="427" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 160px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Omega Deuteron</i> at USC, 2013</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Beta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_at_Knox,_sm,_May_1946,_from_The_Signet,_Vol_XXXVIII,_no_3,_p136.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Beta Triton at Knox, c. 1946"><img alt="Beta Triton at Knox, c. 1946" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Beta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Knox%2C_sm%2C_May_1946%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Vol_XXXVIII%2C_no_3%2C_p136.jpg/271px-Beta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Knox%2C_sm%2C_May_1946%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Vol_XXXVIII%2C_no_3%2C_p136.jpg" decoding="async" width="181" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Beta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Knox%2C_sm%2C_May_1946%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Vol_XXXVIII%2C_no_3%2C_p136.jpg/406px-Beta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Knox%2C_sm%2C_May_1946%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Vol_XXXVIII%2C_no_3%2C_p136.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Beta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Knox%2C_sm%2C_May_1946%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Vol_XXXVIII%2C_no_3%2C_p136.jpg/541px-Beta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Knox%2C_sm%2C_May_1946%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Vol_XXXVIII%2C_no_3%2C_p136.jpg 2x" data-file-width="973" data-file-height="648" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 161px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Beta Triton</i> at Knox, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1946</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 122px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gamma_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_at_South_Carolina,_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gamma Triton at South Carolina, 2013"><img alt="Gamma Triton at South Carolina, 2013" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Gamma_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_South_Carolina%2C_2013.jpg/180px-Gamma_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_South_Carolina%2C_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/Gamma_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_South_Carolina%2C_2013.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 100px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Gamma Triton</i> at South Carolina, 2013</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 166px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 164px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Delta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Purdue,_The_Signet,_sm,_Oct_1943,_vol.XXXV,_No.4,_p.225.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Delta Triton at Purdue, c. 1943"><img alt="Delta Triton at Purdue, c. 1943" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Delta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Purdue%2C_The_Signet%2C_sm%2C_Oct_1943%2C_vol.XXXV%2C_No.4%2C_p.225.jpg/246px-Delta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Purdue%2C_The_Signet%2C_sm%2C_Oct_1943%2C_vol.XXXV%2C_No.4%2C_p.225.jpg" decoding="async" width="164" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Delta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Purdue%2C_The_Signet%2C_sm%2C_Oct_1943%2C_vol.XXXV%2C_No.4%2C_p.225.jpg/369px-Delta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Purdue%2C_The_Signet%2C_sm%2C_Oct_1943%2C_vol.XXXV%2C_No.4%2C_p.225.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Delta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Purdue%2C_The_Signet%2C_sm%2C_Oct_1943%2C_vol.XXXV%2C_No.4%2C_p.225.jpg/492px-Delta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_Purdue%2C_The_Signet%2C_sm%2C_Oct_1943%2C_vol.XXXV%2C_No.4%2C_p.225.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="749" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 144px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Delta Triton</i> at Purdue, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1943</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 158px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 156px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Theta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_at_Texas,_sm,_May_1949,_from_The_Signet,_Vol_XLI,_no_3,_p275.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Theta Triton at Texas, c. 1949"><img alt="Theta Triton at Texas, c. 1949" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Theta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Texas%2C_sm%2C_May_1949%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Vol_XLI%2C_no_3%2C_p275.jpg/234px-Theta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Texas%2C_sm%2C_May_1949%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Vol_XLI%2C_no_3%2C_p275.jpg" decoding="async" width="156" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Theta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Texas%2C_sm%2C_May_1949%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Vol_XLI%2C_no_3%2C_p275.jpg/351px-Theta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Texas%2C_sm%2C_May_1949%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Vol_XLI%2C_no_3%2C_p275.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Theta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Texas%2C_sm%2C_May_1949%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Vol_XLI%2C_no_3%2C_p275.jpg/468px-Theta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Texas%2C_sm%2C_May_1949%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Vol_XLI%2C_no_3%2C_p275.jpg 2x" data-file-width="999" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 136px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Theta Triton</i> at Texas, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1949</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 164px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 162px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Theta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_at_Texas,_Nov_1950,_The_Signet,_Vol_XLII,_no_4,_p446.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Theta Triton at Texas, c. 1950"><img alt="Theta Triton at Texas, c. 1950" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Theta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Texas%2C_Nov_1950%2C_The_Signet%2C_Vol_XLII%2C_no_4%2C_p446.jpg/243px-Theta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Texas%2C_Nov_1950%2C_The_Signet%2C_Vol_XLII%2C_no_4%2C_p446.jpg" decoding="async" width="162" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Theta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Texas%2C_Nov_1950%2C_The_Signet%2C_Vol_XLII%2C_no_4%2C_p446.jpg/364px-Theta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Texas%2C_Nov_1950%2C_The_Signet%2C_Vol_XLII%2C_no_4%2C_p446.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Theta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Texas%2C_Nov_1950%2C_The_Signet%2C_Vol_XLII%2C_no_4%2C_p446.jpg/486px-Theta_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Texas%2C_Nov_1950%2C_The_Signet%2C_Vol_XLII%2C_no_4%2C_p446.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="759" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 142px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Theta Triton</i> at Texas, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1950</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 143.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 141.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Iota_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_at_UConn_(sm),_from_The_Signet,_Jan_1949,_Vol_XLI,_No_1,_p95.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Iota Triton at UConn, c. 1949"><img alt="Iota Triton at UConn, c. 1949" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Iota_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_UConn_%28sm%29%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Jan_1949%2C_Vol_XLI%2C_No_1%2C_p95.jpg/212px-Iota_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_UConn_%28sm%29%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Jan_1949%2C_Vol_XLI%2C_No_1%2C_p95.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Iota_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_UConn_%28sm%29%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Jan_1949%2C_Vol_XLI%2C_No_1%2C_p95.jpg/318px-Iota_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_UConn_%28sm%29%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Jan_1949%2C_Vol_XLI%2C_No_1%2C_p95.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/Iota_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_UConn_%28sm%29%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Jan_1949%2C_Vol_XLI%2C_No_1%2C_p95.jpg 2x" data-file-width="396" data-file-height="336" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 122px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Iota Triton</i> at UConn, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1949</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 152px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lambda_Triton_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_at_Rhode_Island,_1948.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lambda Triton at Rhode Island, c. 1948"><img alt="Lambda Triton at Rhode Island, c. 1948" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Lambda_Triton_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Rhode_Island%2C_1948.jpg/225px-Lambda_Triton_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Rhode_Island%2C_1948.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Lambda_Triton_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Rhode_Island%2C_1948.jpg/337px-Lambda_Triton_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Rhode_Island%2C_1948.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Lambda_Triton_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Rhode_Island%2C_1948.jpg/450px-Lambda_Triton_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Rhode_Island%2C_1948.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3130" data-file-height="2505" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 130px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Lambda Triton</i> at Rhode Island, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1948</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 161.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 159.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nu_Triton_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_Hartwick,_Nov_1948,_The_Signet,_vol_XXXX,_no.4,_p529.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nu Triton at Hartwick, c. 1948"><img alt="Nu Triton at Hartwick, c. 1948" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Nu_Triton_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Hartwick%2C_Nov_1948%2C_The_Signet%2C_vol_XXXX%2C_no.4%2C_p529.jpg/239px-Nu_Triton_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Hartwick%2C_Nov_1948%2C_The_Signet%2C_vol_XXXX%2C_no.4%2C_p529.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Nu_Triton_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Hartwick%2C_Nov_1948%2C_The_Signet%2C_vol_XXXX%2C_no.4%2C_p529.jpg/358px-Nu_Triton_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Hartwick%2C_Nov_1948%2C_The_Signet%2C_vol_XXXX%2C_no.4%2C_p529.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Nu_Triton_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Hartwick%2C_Nov_1948%2C_The_Signet%2C_vol_XXXX%2C_no.4%2C_p529.jpg/477px-Nu_Triton_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Hartwick%2C_Nov_1948%2C_The_Signet%2C_vol_XXXX%2C_no.4%2C_p529.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1018" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 140px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Nu Triton</i> at Hartwick, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1948</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 132.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 130.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Omicron_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_UC_Davis,_May_1949,_The_Signet,_vol_XLI,_No.3,_p.309.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Omicron Triton at UC Davis, circa 1949"><img alt="Omicron Triton at UC Davis, circa 1949" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Omicron_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_UC_Davis%2C_May_1949%2C_The_Signet%2C_vol_XLI%2C_No.3%2C_p.309.jpg/196px-Omicron_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_UC_Davis%2C_May_1949%2C_The_Signet%2C_vol_XLI%2C_No.3%2C_p.309.jpg" decoding="async" width="131" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Omicron_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_UC_Davis%2C_May_1949%2C_The_Signet%2C_vol_XLI%2C_No.3%2C_p.309.jpg/295px-Omicron_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_UC_Davis%2C_May_1949%2C_The_Signet%2C_vol_XLI%2C_No.3%2C_p.309.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Omicron_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_UC_Davis%2C_May_1949%2C_The_Signet%2C_vol_XLI%2C_No.3%2C_p.309.jpg/393px-Omicron_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_UC_Davis%2C_May_1949%2C_The_Signet%2C_vol_XLI%2C_No.3%2C_p.309.jpg 2x" data-file-width="838" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 111px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Omicron Triton</i> at UC Davis, circa 1949</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 140.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 138.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sigma_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_at_Indiana,_sm,_from_The_Signet,_Nov_1949,_vol_XLI,_no_4,_p481.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sigma Triton at Indiana, c. 1949 (former)"><img alt="Sigma Triton at Indiana, c. 1949 (former)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Sigma_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Indiana%2C_sm%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Nov_1949%2C_vol_XLI%2C_no_4%2C_p481.jpg/208px-Sigma_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Indiana%2C_sm%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Nov_1949%2C_vol_XLI%2C_no_4%2C_p481.jpg" decoding="async" width="139" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Sigma_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Indiana%2C_sm%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Nov_1949%2C_vol_XLI%2C_no_4%2C_p481.jpg/312px-Sigma_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Indiana%2C_sm%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Nov_1949%2C_vol_XLI%2C_no_4%2C_p481.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Sigma_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Indiana%2C_sm%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Nov_1949%2C_vol_XLI%2C_no_4%2C_p481.jpg/416px-Sigma_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_at_Indiana%2C_sm%2C_from_The_Signet%2C_Nov_1949%2C_vol_XLI%2C_no_4%2C_p481.jpg 2x" data-file-width="887" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 119px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Sigma Triton</i> at Indiana, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1949</span> (former)</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 157.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 155.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tau_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_Baldwin-Wallace_College,_the_Signet,_May_1952,_vol.XLIV,_No.3,_p.228.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tau Triton at Baldwin-Wallace, c. 1952"><img alt="Tau Triton at Baldwin-Wallace, c. 1952" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Tau_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Baldwin-Wallace_College%2C_the_Signet%2C_May_1952%2C_vol.XLIV%2C_No.3%2C_p.228.jpg/233px-Tau_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Baldwin-Wallace_College%2C_the_Signet%2C_May_1952%2C_vol.XLIV%2C_No.3%2C_p.228.jpg" decoding="async" width="156" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Tau_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Baldwin-Wallace_College%2C_the_Signet%2C_May_1952%2C_vol.XLIV%2C_No.3%2C_p.228.jpg/349px-Tau_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Baldwin-Wallace_College%2C_the_Signet%2C_May_1952%2C_vol.XLIV%2C_No.3%2C_p.228.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Tau_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Baldwin-Wallace_College%2C_the_Signet%2C_May_1952%2C_vol.XLIV%2C_No.3%2C_p.228.jpg/466px-Tau_Triton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_Baldwin-Wallace_College%2C_the_Signet%2C_May_1952%2C_vol.XLIV%2C_No.3%2C_p.228.jpg 2x" data-file-width="993" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 136px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Tau Triton</i> at Baldwin-Wallace, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1952</span></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 82px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 80px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gamma_Tetarton_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa,_RPI,_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gamma Tetarton at Rensselaer Poly, 2013"><img alt="Gamma Tetarton at Rensselaer Poly, 2013" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Gamma_Tetarton_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_RPI%2C_2013.jpg/120px-Gamma_Tetarton_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_RPI%2C_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Gamma_Tetarton_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_RPI%2C_2013.jpg/180px-Gamma_Tetarton_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_RPI%2C_2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Gamma_Tetarton_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_RPI%2C_2013.jpg/240px-Gamma_Tetarton_chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa%2C_RPI%2C_2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="333" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 60px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Gamma Tetarton</i> at Rensselaer Poly, 2013</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 159.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 157.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Delta_Tetarton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_the_Univ._of_Florida,_the_Signet,_May_1952,_vol_XLIV,_no_3,_p219.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Delta Tetarton at Florida, c. 1952"><img alt="Delta Tetarton at Florida, c. 1952" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Delta_Tetarton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_the_Univ._of_Florida%2C_the_Signet%2C_May_1952%2C_vol_XLIV%2C_no_3%2C_p219.jpg/236px-Delta_Tetarton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_the_Univ._of_Florida%2C_the_Signet%2C_May_1952%2C_vol_XLIV%2C_no_3%2C_p219.jpg" decoding="async" width="158" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Delta_Tetarton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_the_Univ._of_Florida%2C_the_Signet%2C_May_1952%2C_vol_XLIV%2C_no_3%2C_p219.jpg/353px-Delta_Tetarton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_the_Univ._of_Florida%2C_the_Signet%2C_May_1952%2C_vol_XLIV%2C_no_3%2C_p219.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Delta_Tetarton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_the_Univ._of_Florida%2C_the_Signet%2C_May_1952%2C_vol_XLIV%2C_no_3%2C_p219.jpg/471px-Delta_Tetarton_Chapter_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_at_the_Univ._of_Florida%2C_the_Signet%2C_May_1952%2C_vol_XLIV%2C_no_3%2C_p219.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1005" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 138px"><div class="gallerytext"><i>Delta Tetarton</i> at Florida, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1952</span></div> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization_and_legal_status">Organization and legal status</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Organization and legal status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Phi Sigma Kappa is divided into three distinct entities: Phi Sigma Kappa fraternity, Phi Sigma Kappa Foundation, and Phi Sigma Kappa Properties. The Phi Sigma Kappa International Headquarters is staffed by administrators who handle many of the day-to-day operations in the fraternity as well as coordinate and plan many events, meetings, and other programs held by the Grand Chapter and the Foundation.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Phi_Sigma_Kappa_fraternity">Phi Sigma Kappa fraternity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Phi Sigma Kappa fraternity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Management of the fraternity (PSK) on a day-to-day basis is vested in the executive director, Joe Kern. He and twelve full-time staff members support all aspects of chapter operations, expansion, alumni relations, program development, risk management, and event coordination. Phi Sigma Kappa's Grand Council operates as its volunteer board of directors, composed of one grand president and six directors who guide the fraternity's future and ensure the implementation of its policies. </p><p>Regional Advisers are liaisons between the fraternity's national officers and undergraduates. </p><p>Local Chapter Advisors often serve as another key point of contact between Regional and National staff or volunteers, to the local chapter. </p><p>Some individual Phi Sigma Kappa chapters may work with local alumni- or parent-led housing corporations of their own to manage chapter housing or may work with Phi Sigma Kappa Properties to achieve this same purpose. Local chapter house corporations are separate legal entities from the national structure. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Phi_Sigma_Kappa_Foundation">Phi Sigma Kappa Foundation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Phi Sigma Kappa Foundation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Foundation (PSKF), incorporated as an entity separate from the Grand Chapter in 1947, serves as the financial backbone of the fraternity. It is facilitated by a board of trustees which appropriates funds for various programs and scholarships administered by the Grand Council. The money for this comes from member dues, pledges, and donations. The Foundation is immensely important to the growth and maintenance of the fraternity. Some of the programs it funds are the Leadership School, Undergraduate Scholarships, the Grand Chapter website, and Regional Conclaves.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Phi_Sigma_Kappa_Properties">Phi Sigma Kappa Properties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Phi Sigma Kappa Properties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Phi Sigma Kappa Properties (PSKP) is the newest of the three Phi Sigma Kappa entities but plans to become a full-service real estate management and development corporation. PSKP held a long-range planning meeting in August 2005, which was facilitated by Grand Council Director Tim Vojtasko. The organization developed a set of five long-range goals for the next five years and beyond. Those goals include: </p> <ul><li>To become the largest (assets owned and managed) property management organization in the fraternity world</li> <li>To double the number of houses owned by a PSK-related entity; also 40 houses (owned and managed) in 5 years</li> <li>To hire an executive director/CFO with a complete staff of 5 within 5 years</li> <li>To develop a world-class model for owning, managing, and financing fraternity properties</li> <li>To be able to offer all PSK-related properties the opportunity to be owned and/or managed by PSKP<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Membership">Membership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Membership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Membership in Phi Sigma Kappa is available to male students attending a college, university, technical institute, or community college with a Phi Sigma Kappa chapter, provided the man is not a member of a nationally recognized social collegiate fraternity. This opportunity extends not only to undergraduates but also to faculty, graduate students, and former students. Membership is also possible at a chapter elsewhere than the man's place of higher education if his school lacks a chapter. Additionally, honorary membership is provided for in the Constitution and Bylaws of the Grand Chapter of Phi Sigma Kappa. Specific requirements for membership may vary between places of higher education and chapters but minimum requirements are nationally legislated. Membership in Phi Sigma Kappa can be dissolved only by death or expulsion.<sup id="cite_ref-constitution_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-constitution-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Degrees_of_membership">Degrees of membership</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Degrees of membership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>First Degree: members of undergraduate chapters</li> <li>Second Degree: members elected to symbolic offices</li> <li>Third Degree: alumni and those initiated as graduates, former students, faculty, or honorary members</li> <li>Fourth Degree: members appointed to an office by the Grand Council or Grand President, past or present</li> <li>Fifth Degree: members elected to the Grand Council, past or present</li> <li>Sixth Degree: members who have been elected Grand President, past or present<sup id="cite_ref-constitution_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-constitution-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_members">Notable members</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Notable members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_members" title="List of Phi Sigma Kappa members">List of Phi Sigma Kappa members</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Sigma_Epsilon" title="Phi Sigma Epsilon">Phi Sigma Epsilon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Phi_Sigma" title="Sigma Phi Sigma">Sigma Phi Sigma</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Baird's_Manual_Online_PSK-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Baird's_Manual_Online_PSK_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Baird's_Manual_Online_PSK_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Baird's_Manual_Online_PSK_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWilliam_Raimond_BairdCarroll_Lurding" class="citation web cs1">William Raimond Baird; Carroll Lurding (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uofi.app.box.com/v/mens-pdf-folder/file/459803084877">"Almanac of Fraternities and Sororities (Baird's Manual Online Archive)"</a>. <i>Student Life and Culture Archives</i>. University of Illinois: University of Illinois Archives<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 15,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Student+Life+and+Culture+Archives&rft.atitle=Almanac+of+Fraternities+and+Sororities+%28Baird%27s+Manual+Online+Archive%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fuofi.app.box.com%2Fv%2Fmens-pdf-folder%2Ffile%2F459803084877&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhi+Sigma+Kappa" class="Z3988"></span> The main archive URL is <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.library.illinois.edu/slc/welcome/fraternity-sorority-almanac/">The Baird's Manual Online Archive homepage</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ATPS-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ATPS_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATPS_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATPS_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATPS_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATPS_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATPS_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATPS_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATPS_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATPS_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATPS_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRandRalph_WattsJames_E._Sefton1993" class="citation book cs1">Rand, Frank Prentice; Ralph Watts; James E. Sefton (1993). <i>All The Phi Sigs - A History</i>. Self-published.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=All+The+Phi+Sigs+-+A+History&rft.pub=Self-published&rft.date=1993&rft.aulast=Rand&rft.aufirst=Frank+Prentice&rft.au=Ralph+Watts&rft.au=James+E.+Sefton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhi+Sigma+Kappa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Phi_Sigma_Kappa_1923_Rand_History-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Phi_Sigma_Kappa_1923_Rand_History_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrank_Prentice_Rand1923" class="citation book cs1">Frank Prentice Rand (1923). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/phisigmakappahis00rand"><i>Phi Sigma Kappa: A History 1873 - 1923</i></a>. Northampton, Massachusetts: The Council of Phi Sigma Kappa, via The Kingsbury Print.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Phi+Sigma+Kappa%3A+A+History+1873+-+1923&rft.place=Northampton%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pub=The+Council+of+Phi+Sigma+Kappa%2C+via+The+Kingsbury+Print&rft.date=1923&rft.au=Frank+Prentice+Rand&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fphisigmakappahis00rand&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhi+Sigma+Kappa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Founder Barrett once recalled that the Fraternity was "conceived in iniquity", a gentle statement, implying that the first inklings of formation were around the possibility of initiation mischief, probably sparked by hints of 'shenanigans' by two rival societies that had only formed in the four years prior. It was only after writing out the ritual and exploring its metaphor and meaning that the Founders declared <i>"Say, this is too good an initiation to waste... Gosh, this is a real initiation. Let's make it one. Let's have a fraternity of our own, and initiate some real fellows. With a [full] Ritual. And a Constitution."</i> Rand alludes to this in his MAC history, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uma.ark:/13960/t7gq7t17q&view=1up&seq=50&skin=2021&q1=Phi%20Sigma%20Kappa"><i>Yesterdays at Massachusetts State College, 1863-1933</i>, pp 32-35</a>, accessed 5 Nov 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Now the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Maine" title="University of Maine">University of Maine</a>, there, as at UMass the fraternity system was in its infancy. A single chapter of the Latin Letter-named society <a href="/wiki/Q.T.V." title="Q.T.V.">Q.T.V.</a> had been placed on the campus only the year prior. The likely name of this inquiring group from Maine was the E.C. Society which had formed in 1875. In 1878 the E.C. Society went on to become a chapter of a small Eastern fraternity called Alpha Sigma Chi, which one year later, in 1879, would join in a national merger with <a href="/wiki/Beta_Theta_Pi" title="Beta Theta Pi">Beta Theta Pi</a>, bringing that national five Eastern chapters.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Baird's Archive shows no local or national chapter having formed in all of New Mexico until 1903; the inquiring group was unsuccessful in finding a national affiliation.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.umass.edu/physicalplant/phi-sigma-kappa">A photo of the Shrine, from the UMass archives</a>, accessed 11 September 2022. The location of Machmer Hall is noted on the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.umass.edu/sites/default/files/2021-06/campus-map.pdf">Campus Map</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Beta_Deuteron_Archive-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Beta_Deuteron_Archive_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeta_Deuteron_historian2013" class="citation book cs1">Beta Deuteron historian (2013). Office of the Archivist (ed.). <i>Phi Sigma Kappa (U of MN) Archive: Chapter history and chapter roster</i>. 218 Elmer L. Andersen Library, 222 21st Ave. So., Minneapolis, MN 55455: Triton Corp., alumni association – via University of Minnesota.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Phi+Sigma+Kappa+%28U+of+MN%29+Archive%3A+Chapter+history+and+chapter+roster&rft.place=218+Elmer+L.+Andersen+Library%2C+222+21st+Ave.+So.%2C+Minneapolis%2C+MN+55455&rft.pub=Triton+Corp.%2C+alumni+association&rft.date=2013&rft.au=Beta+Deuteron+historian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhi+Sigma+Kappa" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location" title="Category:CS1 maint: location">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Beta_Deuteron_Archive-Songbook-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Beta_Deuteron_Archive-Songbook_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOffice_of_the_Archivist_(U_of_MN)2014" class="citation book cs1">Office of the Archivist (U of MN), ed. (2014). <i>Phi Sigma Kappa Songbook</i>. 218 Elmer L. Andersen Library, 222 21st Ave. So., Minneapolis, MN 55455: Phi Sigma Kappa Fraternity – via University of Minnesota.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Phi+Sigma+Kappa+Songbook&rft.place=218+Elmer+L.+Andersen+Library%2C+222+21st+Ave.+So.%2C+Minneapolis%2C+MN+55455&rft.pub=Phi+Sigma+Kappa+Fraternity&rft.date=2014&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhi+Sigma+Kappa" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location" title="Category:CS1 maint: location">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-scobie-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-scobie_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScobie,_Richard1956" class="citation journal cs1">Scobie, Richard (1956). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libcat.dartmouth.edu/record=b2612678">"A fraternal revolution: the birth of Phi Tau fraternity, as told by one of the principles: Richard Scobie"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(Typewritten)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+fraternal+revolution%3A+the+birth+of+Phi+Tau+fraternity%2C+as+told+by+one+of+the+principles%3A+Richard+Scobie.&rft.date=1956&rft.au=Scobie%2C+Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibcat.dartmouth.edu%2Frecord%3Db2612678&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhi+Sigma+Kappa" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Baird's-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Baird's_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Baird's_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Baird's_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnsonMarchenasi1991" class="citation book cs1">Anson, Jack L.; Marchenasi, Robert F., eds. (1991) [1879]. <i>Baird's Manual of American Fraternities</i> (20th ed.). Indianapolis, IN: Baird's Manual Foundation, Inc. p. III-96. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0963715906" title="Special:BookSources/978-0963715906"><bdi>978-0963715906</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Baird%27s+Manual+of+American+Fraternities&rft.place=Indianapolis%2C+IN&rft.pages=III-96&rft.edition=20th&rft.pub=Baird%27s+Manual+Foundation%2C+Inc.&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0963715906&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhi+Sigma+Kappa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrandall2009" class="citation web cs1">Crandall, Brian (December 29, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://brancra.wordpress.com/category/greek-history/">"This Isn't Your Father's Fraternity"</a>. <i>Ithacating in Cornell Heights</i>. Wordpress.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 14,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ithacating+in+Cornell+Heights&rft.atitle=This+Isn%27t+Your+Father%27s+Fraternity&rft.date=2009-12-29&rft.aulast=Crandall&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbrancra.wordpress.com%2Fcategory%2Fgreek-history%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhi+Sigma+Kappa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://phisigmaphi.org/history/">"The History of Phi Sigma Phi"</a>. February 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+History+of+Phi+Sigma+Phi&rft.date=2022-02-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fphisigmaphi.org%2Fhistory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhi+Sigma+Kappa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://phisigmakappa.org/about/properties/about-properties/">PSKP website</a>, accessed 20 April 2019</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HAAS-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HAAS_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhi_Sigma_Kappa2001" class="citation book cs1">Phi Sigma Kappa, ed. (2001). <i>Hills and a Star</i> (14 ed.). Indianapolis, Indiana: Phi Sigma Kappa Fraternity. p. 55.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hills+and+a+Star&rft.place=Indianapolis%2C+Indiana&rft.pages=55&rft.edition=14&rft.pub=Phi+Sigma+Kappa+Fraternity&rft.date=2001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhi+Sigma+Kappa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Signet,_Fall_2021-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Signet,_Fall_2021_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The term "colony" was retired in place of "provisional chapter" at the 68th General Convention. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaff_article,_no_byline2021" class="citation journal cs1">Staff article, no byline (Fall 2021). Nicholas Zuniga (ed.). "Convention body acts on changes to governing documents". <i>The Signet, A Magazine for Members of Phi Sigma Kappa Fraternity</i>. <b>CXI</b> (2): 10–11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Signet%2C+A+Magazine+for+Members+of+Phi+Sigma+Kappa+Fraternity&rft.atitle=Convention+body+acts+on+changes+to+governing+documents&rft.ssn=fall&rft.volume=CXI&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=10-11&rft.date=2021&rft.au=Staff+article%2C+no+byline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhi+Sigma+Kappa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Signet,_Fall_20212-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Signet,_Fall_20212_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The term "colony" was retired in place of "provisional chapter" at the 68th General Convention. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaff_article,_no_byline2021" class="citation journal cs1">Staff article, no byline (Fall 2021). Nicholas Zuniga (ed.). "Convention body acts on changes to governing documents". <i>The Signet, A Magazine for Members of Phi Sigma Kappa Fraternity</i>. <b>CXI</b> (2): 10–11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Signet%2C+A+Magazine+for+Members+of+Phi+Sigma+Kappa+Fraternity&rft.atitle=Convention+body+acts+on+changes+to+governing+documents&rft.ssn=fall&rft.volume=CXI&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=10-11&rft.date=2021&rft.au=Staff+article%2C+no+byline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhi+Sigma+Kappa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhi_Sigma_Kappa" class="citation web cs1">Phi Sigma Kappa. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phisigmakappa.org/?action=about_faqs">"FAQs"</a>. Self-Published<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FAQs&rft.pub=Self-Published&rft.au=Phi+Sigma+Kappa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.phisigmakappa.org%2F%3Faction%3Dabout_faqs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhi+Sigma+Kappa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhi_Sigma_Kappa" class="citation web cs1">Phi Sigma Kappa. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phisigmakappa.org/?action=foundation_aboutfoundation_relationship">"Relationship With The Fraternity"</a>. Self-Published<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Relationship+With+The+Fraternity&rft.pub=Self-Published&rft.au=Phi+Sigma+Kappa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.phisigmakappa.org%2F%3Faction%3Dfoundation_aboutfoundation_relationship&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhi+Sigma+Kappa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhi_Sigma_Kappa" class="citation web cs1">Phi Sigma Kappa. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://phisigmakappa.org/about/properties/about-properties/">"PSKP Goals"</a>. Self-Published<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 28,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PSKP+Goals&rft.pub=Self-Published&rft.au=Phi+Sigma+Kappa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fphisigmakappa.org%2Fabout%2Fproperties%2Fabout-properties%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhi+Sigma+Kappa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-constitution-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-constitution_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-constitution_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhi_Sigma_Kappa2017" class="citation book cs1">Phi Sigma Kappa (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://phisigmakappa.org/about/resources/"><i>The Constitution and Bylaws of the Grand Chapter of Phi Sigma Kappa</i></a>. Self-Published.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Constitution+and+Bylaws+of+the+Grand+Chapter+of+Phi+Sigma+Kappa&rft.pub=Self-Published&rft.date=2017&rft.au=Phi+Sigma+Kappa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fphisigmakappa.org%2Fabout%2Fresources%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhi+Sigma+Kappa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phisigmakappa.org">Official website</a></span></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Fraternities_and_sororities" title="Template:Fraternities and sororities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Fraternities_and_sororities" title="Template talk:Fraternities and sororities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Fraternities_and_sororities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Fraternities and sororities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Fraternities_and_sororities" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Fraternities_and_sororities" title="Fraternities and sororities">Fraternities and sororities</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Academic fraternities originating from <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colony_(fraternity_or_sorority)" title="Colony (fraternity or sorority)">Colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_fraternity_and_sorority_housing" title="North American fraternity and sorority housing">North American fraternity and sorority housing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stepping_(African-American)" title="Stepping (African-American)">Stepping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_United_States_college_fraternities_and_sororities" title="Racism in United States college fraternities and sororities">U.S. racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazing_in_Greek_letter_organizations" title="Hazing in Greek letter organizations">Hazing in Greek letter organizations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hazing_deaths_in_the_United_States" title="List of hazing deaths in the United States">U.S. deaths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hazing_deaths_in_the_Philippines" title="List of hazing deaths in the Philippines">Philippines deaths</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_of_Fraternities" title="Mother of Fraternities">Mother of Fraternities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fraternities_and_sororities" title="Fraternities and sororities">Fraternities and sororities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_North_American_fraternities_and_sororities" title="History of North American fraternities and sororities">North America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_school_fraternities_and_sororities" title="High school fraternities and sororities">High school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_fraternities_and_sororities" title="Professional fraternities and sororities">Professional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_fraternities_and_sororities" title="Service fraternities and sororities">Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraternities_and_sororities_in_Canada" title="Fraternities and sororities in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li>Lists by country/territory <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fraternities_and_sororities_in_France" title="List of fraternities and sororities in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fraternities_and_sororities_in_the_Philippines" title="List of fraternities and sororities in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fraternities_and_sororities_in_Puerto_Rico" title="List of fraternities and sororities in Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_fraternities" class="mw-redirect" title="List of African-American fraternities">Historically<br />African-American</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Kappa_Alpha" title="Alpha Kappa Alpha">ΑΚΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Phi_Alpha" title="Alpha Phi Alpha">ΑΦΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Sigma_Theta" title="Delta Sigma Theta">ΔΣΘ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeta_Phi_Beta" title="Zeta Phi Beta">ΖΦΒ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iota_Phi_Theta" title="Iota Phi Theta">ΙΦΘ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Alpha_Psi" title="Kappa Alpha Psi">ΚΑΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Gamma_Rho" title="Sigma Gamma Rho">ΣΓΡ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Beta_Sigma" title="Phi Beta Sigma">ΦΒΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Rho_Eta" title="Phi Rho Eta">ΦΡΗ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omega_Psi_Phi" title="Omega Psi Phi">ΩΨΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_Psi_Phi" title="Wine Psi Phi">WΨΦ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historically<br />Asian/Pacific Islander-American</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Kappa_Delta_Phi" title="Alpha Kappa Delta Phi">αΚΔΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Phi_Gamma_(sorority)" title="Alpha Phi Gamma (sorority)">ΑΦΓ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta_Chi_Theta" title="Beta Chi Theta">ΒΧΘ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Epsilon_Psi" title="Delta Epsilon Psi">ΔΕΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Kappa_Delta" title="Delta Kappa Delta">ΔΚΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Phi_Omega" title="Delta Phi Omega">ΔΦΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iota_Nu_Delta" title="Iota Nu Delta">ΙΝΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Phi_Lambda" title="Kappa Phi Lambda">ΚΦΛ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Phi_Epsilon" title="Lambda Phi Epsilon">ΛΦΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi_Alpha_Phi" title="Pi Alpha Phi">ΠΑΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi_Delta_Psi" title="Pi Delta Psi">ΠΔΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Beta_Rho" title="Sigma Beta Rho">ΣΒΡ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Omicron_Pi" title="Sigma Omicron Pi">ΣΟΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Psi_Zeta" title="Sigma Psi Zeta">ΣΨΖ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Phi_Omega" title="Sigma Phi Omega">ΣΦΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chi_Rho_Omicron" title="Chi Rho Omicron">XPO</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_fraternities" title="Christian fraternities">Christian<br />fraternities</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christian_sororities" title="Christian sororities">sororities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Delta_Gamma" title="Alpha Delta Gamma">ΑΔΓ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Delta_Chi" title="Alpha Delta Chi">ΑΔΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Gamma_Omega" title="Alpha Gamma Omega">ΑΓΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Lambda_Omega" title="Alpha Lambda Omega">ΑΛΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta_Epsilon_Gamma_Gamma_Alpha_Rho_Sigma" class="mw-redirect" title="Beta Epsilon Gamma Gamma Alpha Rho Sigma">ΒΕΓΓΑΡΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta_Sigma_Psi" title="Beta Sigma Psi">ΒΣΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta_Upsilon_Chi" title="Beta Upsilon Chi">ΒΥΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Alpha_Omega" title="Sigma Alpha Omega">ΣΑΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Theta_Epsilon" title="Sigma Theta Epsilon">ΣΘΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Phi_Lambda" title="Sigma Phi Lambda">ΣΦΛ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Beta_Chi" title="Phi Beta Chi">ΦΒΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chi_Alpha_Omega" title="Chi Alpha Omega">ΧΑΩ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jewish_fraternities_and_sororities" title="List of Jewish fraternities and sororities">Historically Jewish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Epsilon_Pi" title="Alpha Epsilon Pi">ΑΕΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Epsilon_Phi" title="Alpha Epsilon Phi">ΑΕΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeta_Beta_Tau" title="Zeta Beta Tau">ΖΒΤ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Alpha_Epsilon_Pi" title="Sigma Alpha Epsilon Pi">ΣΑΕΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Alpha_Mu" title="Sigma Alpha Mu">ΣΑΜ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Delta_Tau" title="Sigma Delta Tau">ΣΔΤ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tau_Delta_Phi" title="Tau Delta Phi">ΤΔΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tau_Epsilon_Phi" title="Tau Epsilon Phi">ΤΕΦ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_interest_fraternities_and_sororities" title="Cultural interest fraternities and sororities">Multicultural</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Xi_Nu" title="Delta Xi Nu">ΔΞΝ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Xi_Phi" title="Delta Xi Phi">ΔΞΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamma_Eta" title="Gamma Eta">ΓΗ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeta_Sigma_Chi" title="Zeta Sigma Chi">ΖΣΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeta_Phi_Rho" title="Zeta Phi Rho">ΖΦΡ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeta_Chi_Phi" title="Zeta Chi Phi">ΖΧΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theta_Nu_Xi" title="Theta Nu Xi">ΘΝΞ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Tau_Omega" title="Lambda Tau Omega">ΛΤΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Psi_Delta" title="Lambda Psi Delta">ΛΨΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mu_Sigma_Upsilon" title="Mu Sigma Upsilon">ΜΣΥ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Lambda_Gamma" title="Sigma Lambda Gamma">ΣΛΓ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Theta_Psi" title="Sigma Theta Psi">ΣΘΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tau_Phi_Sigma" title="Tau Phi Sigma">ΤΦΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psi_Sigma_Phi" title="Psi Sigma Phi">ΨΣΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omega_Delta_Phi" title="Omega Delta Phi">ΩΔΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omega_Phi_Chi" title="Omega Phi Chi">ΩΦΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphic_Fraternity" title="Delphic Fraternity">Delphic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historically <a href="/wiki/Scouting" title="Scouting">Scout</a>-affiliated</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Phi_Omega" title="Alpha Phi Omega">ΑΦΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epsilon_Tau_Pi" title="Epsilon Tau Pi">ΕΤΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamma_Sigma_Sigma" title="Gamma Sigma Sigma">ΓΣΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omega_Phi_Alpha" title="Omega Phi Alpha">ΩΦΑ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_LGBT_and_LGBT-friendly_fraternities_and_sororities" class="mw-redirect" title="List of LGBT and LGBT-friendly fraternities and sororities">LGBTQ</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Lambda_Zeta" title="Alpha Lambda Zeta">ΑΛΖ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Pi_Delta" title="Alpha Pi Delta">ΑΠΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Lambda_Phi" title="Delta Lambda Phi">ΔΛΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamma_Rho_Lambda" title="Gamma Rho Lambda">ΓΡΛ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theta_Pi_Sigma" title="Theta Pi Sigma">ΘΠΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Alpha_Lambda" title="Kappa Alpha Lambda">ΚΑΛ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Theta_Epsilon" title="Kappa Theta Epsilon">ΚΘΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omicron_Epsilon_Pi" title="Omicron Epsilon Pi">ΟΕΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Phi_Beta_(fraternity)" title="Sigma Phi Beta (fraternity)">ΣΦΒ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Native American</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Pi_Omega" title="Alpha Pi Omega">ΑΠΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Sigma_Nu" title="Phi Sigma Nu">ΦΣΝ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Omicron_Epsilon" title="Sigma Omicron Epsilon">ΣΟΕ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Latino_Greek-letter_organizations" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Latino Greek-letter organizations">Latino</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_fraternities_and_sororities_in_Puerto_Rico" title="List of fraternities and sororities in Puerto Rico">Puerto Rican</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Psi_Lambda" title="Alpha Psi Lambda">ΑΨΛ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Omicron_Sigma" title="Alpha Omicron Sigma">ΑΟΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Tau_Lambda" title="Delta Tau Lambda">ΔΤΛ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamma_Alpha_Omega" title="Gamma Alpha Omega">ΓΑΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamma_Zeta_Alpha" title="Gamma Zeta Alpha">ΓΖΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eta_Gamma_Delta" title="Eta Gamma Delta">ΗΓΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Delta_Chi" title="Kappa Delta Chi">ΚΔΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Alpha_Upsilon" title="Lambda Alpha Upsilon">ΛΑΥ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Pi_Upsilon" title="Lambda Pi Upsilon">ΛΠΥ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Pi_Chi" title="Lambda Pi Chi">ΛΠΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Sigma_Upsilon" title="Lambda Sigma Upsilon">ΛΣΥ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Theta_Alpha" title="Lambda Theta Alpha">ΛΘΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Theta_Nu" title="Lambda Theta Nu">ΛΘΝ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Theta_Phi" title="Lambda Theta Phi">ΛΘΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Upsilon_Lambda" title="Lambda Upsilon Lambda">ΛΥΛ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mu_Alpha_Phi" title="Mu Alpha Phi">ΜΑΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nu_Alpha_Kappa" title="Nu Alpha Kappa">ΝΑΚ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nu_Sigma_Beta" title="Nu Sigma Beta">ΝΣΒ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Delta_Alpha" title="Sigma Delta Alpha">ΣΔΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Iota_Alpha" title="Sigma Iota Alpha">ΣΙΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Lambda_Alpha_(sorority)" title="Sigma Lambda Alpha (sorority)">ΣΛΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Lambda_Beta" title="Sigma Lambda Beta">ΣΛΒ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Lambda_Upsilon" title="Sigma Lambda Upsilon">ΣΛΥ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Pi_Alpha" title="Sigma Pi Alpha">ΣΠΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Delta_Gamma_(social)" title="Phi Delta Gamma (social)">ΦΔΓ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Eta_Mu" title="Phi Eta Mu">ΦΗΜ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Iota_Alpha" title="Phi Iota Alpha">ΦΙΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Sigma_Alpha" title="Phi Sigma Alpha">ΦΣΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chi_Upsilon_Sigma" title="Chi Upsilon Sigma">ΧΥΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omega_Phi_Beta" title="Omega Phi Beta">ΩΦΒ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major specific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Gamma_Rho" title="Alpha Gamma Rho">ΑΓΡ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Gamma_Sigma_(fraternity)" title="Alpha Gamma Sigma (fraternity)">ΑΓΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Kappa_Psi" title="Alpha Kappa Psi">ΑΚΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Sigma_Kappa" title="Alpha Sigma Kappa">ΑΣΚ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Omega_Epsilon" title="Alpha Omega Epsilon">ΑΩΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Sigma_Pi" title="Delta Sigma Pi">ΔΣΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Kappa_Psi" title="Kappa Kappa Psi">ΚΚΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Alpha_Iota" title="Sigma Alpha Iota">ΣΑΙ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tau_Beta_Sigma" title="Tau Beta Sigma">ΤΒΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Sigma_Gamma" title="Phi Sigma Gamma">ΦΣΓ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Sigma_Rho" title="Phi Sigma Rho">ΦΣΡ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceres_(women%27s_fraternity)" title="Ceres (women's fraternity)">Ceres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FarmHouse" title="FarmHouse">FarmHouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triangle_Fraternity" title="Triangle Fraternity">Triangle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_social_fraternities_and_sororities" class="mw-redirect" title="List of social fraternities and sororities">Social sororities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Gamma_Delta" title="Alpha Gamma Delta">ΑΓΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Delta_Pi" title="Alpha Delta Pi">ΑΔΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Epsilon_Phi" title="Alpha Epsilon Phi">ΑΕΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Xi_Delta" title="Alpha Xi Delta">ΑΞΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Omicron_Pi" title="Alpha Omicron Pi">ΑΟΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Sigma_Alpha" title="Alpha Sigma Alpha">ΑΣΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Sigma_Tau" title="Alpha Sigma Tau">ΑΣΤ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Phi" title="Alpha Phi">ΑΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Chi_Omega" title="Alpha Chi Omega">ΑΧΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamma_Phi_Beta" title="Gamma Phi Beta">ΓΦΒ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Delta_Delta" title="Delta Delta Delta">ΔΔΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Gamma" title="Delta Gamma">ΔΓ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Zeta" title="Delta Zeta">ΔΖ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Phi_Epsilon_(social)" title="Delta Phi Epsilon (social)">ΔΦΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeta_Tau_Alpha" title="Zeta Tau Alpha">ΖΤΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theta_Phi_Alpha" title="Theta Phi Alpha">ΘΦΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Alpha_Theta" title="Kappa Alpha Theta">ΚΑΘ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Beta_Gamma" title="Kappa Beta Gamma">ΚΒΓ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Delta" title="Kappa Delta">ΚΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Kappa_Gamma" title="Kappa Kappa Gamma">ΚΚΓ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi_Beta_Phi" title="Pi Beta Phi">ΠΒΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Delta_Tau" title="Sigma Delta Tau">ΣΔΤ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Kappa" title="Sigma Kappa">ΣΚ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Sigma_Sigma" title="Sigma Sigma Sigma">ΣΣΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Psi" title="Sigma Psi">ΣΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Mu" title="Phi Mu">ΦΜ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Sigma_Sigma" title="Phi Sigma Sigma">ΦΣΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chi_Omega" title="Chi Omega">ΧΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovia_(sorority)" title="Clovia (sorority)">Clovia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_social_fraternities_and_sororities" class="mw-redirect" title="List of social fraternities and sororities">Social fraternities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Delta_Phi" title="Alpha Delta Phi">ΑΔΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Kappa_Lambda" title="Alpha Kappa Lambda">ΑΚΛ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Sigma_Phi" title="Alpha Sigma Phi">ΑΣΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Tau_Omega" title="Alpha Tau Omega">ΑΤΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Phi_Delta" title="Alpha Phi Delta">ΑΦΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Chi_Alpha" title="Alpha Chi Alpha">ΑΧΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Chi_Rho" title="Alpha Chi Rho">ΑΧΡ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta_Theta_Pi" title="Beta Theta Pi">ΒΘΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Kappa_Epsilon" title="Delta Kappa Epsilon">ΔΚΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Sigma_Phi" title="Delta Sigma Phi">ΔΣΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Tau_Delta" title="Delta Tau Delta">ΔΤΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Upsilon" title="Delta Upsilon">ΔΥ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Phi" title="Delta Phi">ΔΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Chi" title="Delta Chi">ΔΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeta_Psi" title="Zeta Psi">ΖΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theta_Delta_Chi" title="Theta Delta Chi">ΘΔΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theta_Xi" title="Theta Xi">ΘΞ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theta_Chi" title="Theta Chi">ΘΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Alpha_Order" title="Kappa Alpha Order">ΚΑ Order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Alpha_Society" title="Kappa Alpha Society">ΚΑ Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Delta_Rho" title="Kappa Delta Rho">ΚΔΡ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Delta_Phi" title="Kappa Delta Phi">ΚΔΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Lambda_Psi" title="Kappa Lambda Psi">ΚΛΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Sigma" title="Kappa Sigma">ΚΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Chi_Alpha" title="Lambda Chi Alpha">ΛΧΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omicron_Kappa_Epsilon" title="Omicron Kappa Epsilon">OΚΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi_Kappa_Alpha" title="Pi Kappa Alpha">ΠΚΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi_Kappa_Phi" title="Pi Kappa Phi">ΠΚΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi_Lambda_Phi" title="Pi Lambda Phi">ΠΛΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Alpha_Epsilon" title="Sigma Alpha Epsilon">ΣΑΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Delta_Alpha" title="Sigma Delta Alpha">ΣΔΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Th%C3%AAta_Pi" title="Sigma Thêta Pi">ΣΘΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Nu" title="Sigma Nu">ΣΝ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Pi" title="Sigma Pi">ΣΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Tau_Gamma" title="Sigma Tau Gamma">ΣΤΓ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Phi" title="Sigma Phi">ΣΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Phi_Delta" title="Sigma Phi Delta">ΣΦΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Phi_Epsilon" title="Sigma Phi Epsilon">ΣΦΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Chi" title="Sigma Chi">ΣΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tau_Kappa_Epsilon" title="Tau Kappa Epsilon">ΤΚΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Gamma_Delta" title="Phi Gamma Delta">ΦΓΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Delta_Theta" title="Phi Delta Theta">ΦΔΘ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Delta_Psi" title="Phi Delta Psi">ΦΔΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Kappa_Theta" title="Phi Kappa Theta">ΦΚΘ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Kappa_Sigma" title="Phi Kappa Sigma">ΦΚΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Kappa_Tau" title="Phi Kappa Tau">ΦΚΤ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Kappa_Psi" title="Phi Kappa Psi">ΦΚΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Lambda_Chi" title="Phi Lambda Chi">ΦΛΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Mu_Alpha_Sinfonia" title="Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia">ΦΜΑ Sinfonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Mu_Delta" title="Phi Mu Delta">ΦΜΔ</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">ΦΣΚ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Sigma_Phi" title="Phi Sigma Phi">ΦΣΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chi_Gamma_Epsilon" title="Chi Gamma Epsilon">ΧΓΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chi_Phi" title="Chi Phi">ΧΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chi_Psi" title="Chi Psi">ΧΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psi_Upsilon" title="Psi Upsilon">ΨΥ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acacia_(fraternity)" title="Acacia (fraternity)">Acacia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freemasonry" title="Freemasonry">Freemasonry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odd_Fellows" title="Odd Fellows">Odd Fellows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentlemen%27s_club" title="Gentlemen's club">Gentlemen's club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secret_society" title="Secret society">Secret society</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="North_American_Interfraternity_Conference" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:North_American_Interfraternity_Conference" title="Template:North American Interfraternity Conference"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:North_American_Interfraternity_Conference" title="Template talk:North American Interfraternity Conference"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:North_American_Interfraternity_Conference" title="Special:EditPage/Template:North American Interfraternity Conference"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="North_American_Interfraternity_Conference" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/North_American_Interfraternity_Conference" title="North American Interfraternity Conference">North American Interfraternity Conference</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Currently active members of the NIC</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acacia_(fraternity)" title="Acacia (fraternity)">Acacia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Gamma_Rho" title="Alpha Gamma Rho">ΑΓΡ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Gamma_Sigma_(fraternity)" title="Alpha Gamma Sigma (fraternity)">ΑΓΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Delta_Gamma" title="Alpha Delta Gamma">ΑΔΓ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Delta_Phi" title="Alpha Delta Phi">ΑΔΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Epsilon_Pi" title="Alpha Epsilon Pi">ΑΕΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Kappa_Lambda" title="Alpha Kappa Lambda">ΑΚΛ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Sigma_Phi" title="Alpha Sigma Phi">ΑΣΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Tau_Omega" title="Alpha Tau Omega">ΑΤΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Phi_Alpha" title="Alpha Phi Alpha">ΑΦΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Phi_Delta" title="Alpha Phi Delta">ΑΦΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Chi_Rho" title="Alpha Chi Rho">ΑΧΡ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta_Sigma_Psi" title="Beta Sigma Psi">ΒΣΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta_Theta_Pi" title="Beta Theta Pi">ΒΘΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta_Chi_Theta" title="Beta Chi Theta">ΒΧΘ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta_Upsilon_Chi" title="Beta Upsilon Chi">ΒΥΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Kappa_Epsilon" title="Delta Kappa Epsilon">ΔΚΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Lambda_Phi" title="Delta Lambda Phi">ΔΛΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Sigma_Phi" title="Delta Sigma Phi">ΔΣΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Tau_Delta" title="Delta Tau Delta">ΔΤΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Upsilon" title="Delta Upsilon">ΔΥ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Phi" title="Delta Phi">ΔΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Chi" title="Delta Chi">ΔΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FarmHouse" title="FarmHouse">FarmHouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeta_Beta_Tau" title="Zeta Beta Tau">ΖΒΤ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeta_Psi" title="Zeta Psi">ΖΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theta_Delta_Chi" title="Theta Delta Chi">ΘΔΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theta_Xi" title="Theta Xi">ΘΞ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iota_Nu_Delta" title="Iota Nu Delta">ΙΝΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iota_Phi_Theta" title="Iota Phi Theta">ΙΦΘ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Alpha_Society" title="Kappa Alpha Society">ΚΑ Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Alpha_Psi" title="Kappa Alpha Psi">ΚΑΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Delta_Rho" title="Kappa Delta Rho">ΚΔΡ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Delta_Phi" title="Kappa Delta Phi">ΚΔΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Chi_Alpha" title="Lambda Chi Alpha">ΛΧΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Theta_Phi" title="Lambda Theta Phi">ΛΘΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Sigma_Upsilon" title="Lambda Sigma Upsilon">ΛΣΥ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Phi_Epsilon" title="Lambda Phi Epsilon">ΛΦΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nu_Alpha_Kappa" title="Nu Alpha Kappa">ΝΑΚ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi_Kappa_Alpha" title="Pi Kappa Alpha">ΠΚΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi_Kappa_Phi" title="Pi Kappa Phi">ΠΚΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi_Lambda_Phi" title="Pi Lambda Phi">ΠΛΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Alpha_Epsilon" title="Sigma Alpha Epsilon">ΣΑΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Alpha_Mu" title="Sigma Alpha Mu">ΣΑΜ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Beta_Rho" title="Sigma Beta Rho">ΣΒΡ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Lambda_Beta" title="Sigma Lambda Beta">ΣΛΒ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Nu" title="Sigma Nu">ΣΝ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Pi" title="Sigma Pi">ΣΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Tau_Gamma" title="Sigma Tau Gamma">ΣΤΓ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Phi" title="Sigma Phi">ΣΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Chi" title="Sigma Chi">ΣΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tau_Delta_Phi" title="Tau Delta Phi">ΤΔΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tau_Epsilon_Phi" title="Tau Epsilon Phi">ΤΕΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tau_Phi_Sigma" title="Tau Phi Sigma">ΤΦΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triangle_Fraternity" title="Triangle Fraternity">Triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Beta_Sigma" title="Phi Beta Sigma">ΦΒΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Gamma_Delta" title="Phi Gamma Delta">ΦΓΔ(FIJI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Iota_Alpha" title="Phi Iota Alpha">ΦΙΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Kappa_Theta" title="Phi Kappa Theta">ΦΚΘ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Kappa_Sigma" title="Phi Kappa Sigma">ΦΚΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Kappa_Tau" title="Phi Kappa Tau">ΦΚΤ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Kappa_Psi" title="Phi Kappa Psi">ΦΚΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Lambda_Chi" title="Phi Lambda Chi">ΦΛΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Mu_Delta" title="Phi Mu Delta">ΦΜΔ</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">ΦΣΚ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Sigma_Phi" title="Phi Sigma Phi">ΦΣΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chi_Phi" title="Chi Phi">ΧΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chi_Psi" title="Chi Psi">ΧΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psi_Upsilon" title="Psi Upsilon">ΨΥ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omega_Delta_Phi" title="Omega Delta Phi">ΩΔΦ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active former members of the NIC</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Epsilon_Psi" title="Delta Epsilon Psi">ΔΕΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Anthony_Hall" title="St. Anthony Hall">ΔΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Alpha_Order" title="Kappa Alpha Order">ΚΑ Order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Sigma" title="Kappa Sigma">ΚΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Delta_Theta" title="Phi Delta Theta">ΦΔΘ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Phi_Delta" title="Sigma Phi Delta">ΣΦΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Phi_Epsilon" title="Sigma Phi Epsilon">ΣΦΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tau_Kappa_Epsilon" title="Tau Kappa Epsilon">ΤΚΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theta_Chi" title="Theta Chi">ΘΧ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct former members of the NIC</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Kappa_Pi" title="Alpha Kappa Pi">ΑΚΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Lambda_Tau" title="Alpha Lambda Tau">ΑΛΤ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta_Kappa" title="Beta Kappa">ΒΚ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta_Sigma_Rho" title="Beta Sigma Rho">ΒΣΡ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Alpha_Pi_(social)" title="Delta Alpha Pi (social)">ΔΑΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Sigma_Lambda" title="Delta Sigma Lambda">ΔΣΛ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theta_Kappa_Nu" title="Theta Kappa Nu">ΘΚΝ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theta_Kappa_Phi" title="Theta Kappa Phi">ΘΚΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theta_Upsilon_Omega" title="Theta Upsilon Omega">ΘΥΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Nu" title="Kappa Nu">ΚΝ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omicron_Alpha_Tau" title="Omicron Alpha Tau">ΟΑΤ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Delta_Rho" title="Sigma Delta Rho">ΣΔΡ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Lambda_Pi" title="Sigma Lambda Pi">ΣΛΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Mu_Sigma" title="Sigma Mu Sigma">ΣΜΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Tau_Phi" title="Sigma Tau Phi">ΣΤΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Alpha_(fraternity)" title="Phi Alpha (fraternity)">ΦΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Beta_Delta_(fraternity)" title="Phi Beta Delta (fraternity)">ΦΒΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Epsilon_Pi" title="Phi Epsilon Pi">ΦΕΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Kappa_(Catholic_fraternity)" title="Phi Kappa (Catholic fraternity)">ΦΚ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Lambda_Theta" title="Phi Lambda Theta">ΦΛΘ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Pi_Phi" title="Phi Pi Phi">ΦΠΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Sigma_Delta" title="Phi Sigma Delta">ΦΣΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Sigma_Epsilon" title="Phi Sigma Epsilon">ΦΣΕ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&oldid=1254678057">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phi_Sigma_Kappa&oldid=1254678057</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Phi_Sigma_Kappa" title="Category:Phi Sigma Kappa">Phi Sigma Kappa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:North_American_Interfraternity_Conference" title="Category:North American Interfraternity Conference">North American Interfraternity 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