Calenda - L鈥檃ction humanitaire : am茅nageur insoup莽onn茅 du territoire

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Ce dossier cherche à explorer une dimension particulière de son rôle politique : la manière dont elle aménage <em>de facto</em> le territoire. Ce dossier rassemblera des articles s’appuyant sur des études de cas où l’action humanitaire a joué un rôle moteur dans l'aménagement du territoire, que cet aménagement ait été perçu et pensé comme tel ou qu'il se soit pérennisé <em>de facto</em>, sans planification concertée; qu'il ait été le fruit de l'intervetion d’organisations non gouvernementales (ONG) et d’organisations internationales (OI) ou qu'il ait émané de l'État.</p> </div> <div id="resume-1244027-en" class="tabContent hidden" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <p style="text-align: left;">It is generally accepted that humanitarian aid has an important political dimension. This issue will explore a particular dimension of aid’s political impact: the way in which it concretely shapes territories. This issue will bring together articles based on case studies where aid has played a leading role in spatial planning, whether this planning process was deliberately perceived and designed as such or whether it became established <em>de facto</em>, without any concerted planning; whether it was the result of the intervetion of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and international organisations (IOs) or emanated from the State.</p> </div> </div> <div id="annonce"> <p class="intitule">Annonce</p> <div class="tabMenu"><a href="#annonce-1244027-fr" hreflang="fr" class="active">Fran莽ais</a> <a href="#annonce-1244027-en" hreflang="en">English</a> </div> <div id="annonce-1244027-fr" class="tabContent" lang="fr" xml:lang="fr"> <h1>Argumentaire</h1> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><em>Washington, 7 mars 2024</em>. Dans le cadre de ce qui pourrait constituer une tentative de réponse à la catastrophe humanitaire résultant de l’action armée israélienne dans la bande de Gaza, le gouvernement américain annonçait procéder à l’établissement d’un port flottant au large des côtes gazaouies. L’objectif annoncé était de faciliter l’acheminement de l’aide humanitaire à destination des populations civiles. Bâti par l’armée américaine, ce port est en fonctionnement depuis le 17 mai 2024 et permet l’arrivée de colis alimentaires.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><em>Assemblée générale des Nations-Unies, New-York, 24 septembre 2019</em>. Après avoir mené depuis 2011 une politique de portes ouvertes à l’égard des Syriens fuyant leur pays, le Président de la République de Turquie, Recep Tayyip Erdo臒an, annonçait lors de l’assemblée générale des Nations-Unies le lancement d’un vaste plan d’aménagement dans le nord syrien, consistant en la construction de villes et de villages répartis le long d’un bandeau territorial sous contrôle de l’armée turque. D’après le Président turc, ce projet poursuivait un motif humanitaire, l’objectif étant de permettre aux Syriens de rentrer chez eux « en toute sécurité ».</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><em>Europe, Moyen-Orient, Asie, Afrique, Amérique du Sud, fin du XX<sup>e</sup> - début du XXI<sup>e</sup> siècles</em>. Sur l’ensemble de la planète, de nombreux camps visant à héberger des populations en exil voient le jour. Qu’ils soient qualifiés de camps de réfugiés, de camps de déplacés ou de camps de migrants « les camps sont en train de devenir l’une des composantes majeures de la “société mondiale” » écrivait Michel Agier (Agier, 2014, p. 11). Alors qu’ils sont le plus souvent pensés pour répondre à une situation d’urgence, il apparait qu’un certain nombre d’entre eux – les plus grands – se pérennisent et deviennent de véritables villes. On pense par exemple aux quartiers palestiniens, anciens camps de la ville d’Amman, au camp de Dadaab au Kenya qui rassemblait plus de 500 000 personnes en 2012 et qui constitue le troisième foyer de peuplement du pays, ou encore au camp de Kutupalong au Bangladesh, le plus grand camp du monde, qui comptait plus de 600 000 habitants fin 2018.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">Ports, villes et camps conçus à des fins temporaires mais s’inscrivant dans la durée : ces trois exemples fort différents témoignent d’un phénomène similaire : la façon dont l’action humanitaire participe à modeler l’espace et à façonner le territoire.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">Il est communément admis que le champ d’action humanitaire revêt une dimension politique importante. Ce dossier cherche à explorer une dimension particulière de son rôle politique : la manière dont elle aménage <em>de facto</em> le territoire.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">Près de dix ans après la parution de l’ouvrage collectif <em>Un monde de camps </em>(Agier, 2014), ce dossier invite à réfléchir à la façon dont l’humanitaire est source de dynamiques et de transformations territoriales.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">Pour autant, cette action territoriale ne se limite pas aux camps. Elle peut concerner de nombreux types d’infrastructure : des ports, des villes et, plus communément encore, des centres de santé, des écoles, des centres communautaires, des routes, des aérodromes, des réseaux techniques, <em>etc</em>.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">Le secteur de l’action humanitaire est parfois décrit comme un tissu d’acteurs principalement composé d’organisations non gouvernementales (ONG) et d’organisations internationales (OI). Or, comme le rappelle Philippe Ryfman (2010), il est nécessaire d’ajouter à ces acteurs les États, dont le rôle est double : celui d’acteurs directs, lorsqu’ils sont dotés d’institutions ou d’agences pratiquant l’humanitaire d’État et celui de financier (ou bailleur), les États étant aujourd’hui les premiers contributeurs de l’aide humanitaire mondiale – ce qui n’est pas sans conséquence sur l’orientation de l’action des ONG (Egger, 2016).</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">Alors que l’intervention des États dans le champ humanitaire peut être critiquée (Dubuet, 2003), le terme « action humanitaire » est ici entendu au sens large comme une modalité d’action et d’opération visant à l’amélioration des conditions de vie des populations, autrement dit, un mode d’action visant à s’inscrire dans le domaine de la morale (Fassin, 2010).</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">Ce dossier rassemblera des articles s’appuyant sur des études de cas où l’action humanitaire a joué un rôle moteur dans l’aménagement du territoire, que cet aménagement ait été perçu et pensé comme tel – on pense notamment à l’architecture humanitaire ou aux infrastructures (Charlesworth, 2014) – ou qu’il se soit pérennisé <em>de facto</em>, sans planification concertée.</p> <h2>Axes</h2> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">Trois axes de réflexion, non limitatifs, pourront orienter les auteurs et autrices :</p> <h3 class="MsoNormal">1.<strong> </strong>La diversité de nature des acteurs de l’humanitaire impliqués dans le processus d’aménagement </h3> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">Les autrices et auteurs sont ainsi convié·es à établir la cartographie des acteurs en présence, à interroger leur mode de fonctionnement, leurs modalités de gouvernance et la façon dont ils interagissent entre eux, avec les autorités et les populations locales.</p> <h3 class="MsoNormal">2. La diversité des formes et types de projets d’aménagement dans lesquels les acteurs de l’humanitaire sont impliqués et les logiques qui les sous-tendent</h3> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">Que différencie l’aménagement d’un pont, d’une route, d’une école, d’un camp ? Quels sont les procédés en place ? Observe-t-on la présence de modèles ou de logiques prédéterminées ? Quel est le rôle du contexte ? (Olivier de Sardan, 2021) ? Quel est le rôle des acteurs locaux dans leur mise en &oelig;uvre ?</p> <h3 class="MsoNormal"><strong>3. </strong>Ces réflexions amènent à interroger la façon dont – que cela soit par leur présence ou en raison des conséquences de leur intervention – les acteurs humanitaires participent à modifier et reconfigurer les rapports de pouvoir en place</h3> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">L’aménagement du territoire est en effet un secteur éminemment politique. Non seulement il suppose d’avoir accès aux ressources – quelles qu’elle soient – d’un territoire, mais en plus, il a le pouvoir d’ouvrir l’accès aux ressources pour les populations. De plus, un aménagement peut bouleverser la démographie locale, ce qui peut influer à terme – et peut-être encore plus durablement que les opérations militaires – sur des processus géopolitiques régionaux ou nationaux.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Ainsi, les contributions pourront interroger la manière dont l’action humanitaire, par sa pratique, contribue à modifier et à reconfigurer des équilibres de pouvoir. Par ailleurs, les contributrices et contributeurs sont invité·es à prêter une attention particulière aux échelles, tant en ce qui concerne les acteurs de ces aménagements (parle-ton de consortium d’ONG internationales dotées de financements onusiens ou bien d’associations locales en lien avec la municipalité bénéficiaire des travaux ?), que pour comprendre les effets territoriaux des projets.</p> <h1>Conditions de soumission</h1> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">Cet appel n’est pas dédié exclusivement aux travaux de géographes ; des articles issus d’autres disciplines, comme l’architecture, les sciences de l’aménagement, la sociologie, les sciences politiques, les sciences économiques, l’histoire ou l’anthropologie sont bienvenus.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">Les articles de ce dossier, rédigés en français, en anglais ou en espagnol, comporteront environ 35 000 à 40 000 signes espaces compris (plus les illustrations).</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">Merci de vous reporter aux<a href="https://journals.openedition.org/echogeo/25004"> recommandations aux auteurs d’<em>EchoGéo</em> pour les normes de présentation du texte et de la bibliographie</a> ainsi que des <a href="https://journals.openedition.org/echogeo/1940">illustrations</a>.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">Tous les textes proposés devront être envoyés</p> <h3 class="MsoNormal">avant le 15 octobre 2025</h3> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">à Adrian Foucher (<strong>foucher.adrian@gmail.com</strong>), coordonnateur du dossier, avec copie à Karine Delaunay (<strong>EchoGeo@univ-paris1.fr</strong>), secrétaire éditoriale d’<em>EchoGéo</em>, qui les transmettra aux évaluateurs et évaluatrices.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">Le dossier sera publié dans le n° 76 d’<em>EchoGéo</em> (avril-juin 2026). En plus des articles de ce dossier Sur le Champ, des propositions qui abordent la thématique générale de cet appel pourront nourrir les autres rubriques de la revue <em>EchoGéo</em> (Sur le métier, Sur l’image, Sur l’écrit).</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">Ces propositions doivent se conformer aux attentes de ces rubriques, comme indiqué dans la <a href="https://journals.openedition.org/echogeo/1927">ligne éditoriale</a>.</p> <h1 class="MsoNormal">Coordinateur scientifique</h1> <ul> <li class="MsoNormal">Adrian Foucher, docteur en géographie (UMR Citeres, Univ. de Tours), actuellement ATER à l’Université Gustave Eiffel.</li> </ul> <h1>Bibliographie</h1> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">Agier M., 2008. <em>Ge虂rer les inde虂sirables : Des camps de re虂fugie虂s au gouvernement humanitaire</em>. Paris, Flammarion.</p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">Agier M., 2014. <em>Un monde de camps</em>. Paris, La De虂couverte.</p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Barnett M., 2011. <em>Empire of humanity. A history of humanitarianism</em>. Cornell University press. </span></p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Barnett M., Weiss T. G., 2011. <em>Humanitarianism contested : where angels fear to tread</em>. </span>Londres, Routledge.</p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">Brauman R., 1994. <em>L’action humanitaire</em> [accessible sur le site MSF-crash]. Paris, Médecins sans frontières, 7 p. URL: <a href="https://msf-crash.org/fr/acteurs-et-pratiques-humanitaires/laction-humanitaire">https://msf-crash.org/fr/acteurs-et-pratiques-humanitaires/laction-humanitaire</a>.</p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Charlesworth E., 2014. The rise of humanitarian architecture. <em>Architectural Research Quarterly</em>, vol. 18, n° 3, p. 267-271.</span></p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">Egger C., 2016. <em>ONG : Organisation Ne虂o-Gouvernementales. Analyse des strate虂gies e虂tatiques de contro虃le des ONG humanitaires en zone de conflit (1989-2005).</em> The虁se de Science Politique, Universite虂 Grenoble Alpes.</p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">Dubuet F., 2003. Le mythe de l’humanitaire d’État [accessible sur le site MSF]. <em>Humanitaire</em>, n° 7. URL: <a href="https://www.msf.fr/sites/default/files/2003-04-01-Dubuet.pdf">https://www.msf.fr/sites/default/files/2003-04-01-Dubuet.pdf</a></p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Demiryontar B., Içduygu A., 2023. The politics around safe zones: A comparative perspective on return to northern Syria. </span><em>Third World Quaterly</em>, vol. 44, n° 8, p. 1754-1769.</p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">Fassin D., 2010. <em>La raison humanitaire suivi de Signes des temps</em>. Paris, Seuil-Gallimard.</p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">Ngombe M., 2020. Les couloirs humanitaires : un régime d’exception pour gérer des réfugiés « désirables ». <em>Revue internationale des études du développement</em>, n° 241, p. 65-86.</p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">Olivier de Sardan J.-P, 2021. Les modèles voyageurs face à l’épreuve des contextes. <em>In</em> Olivier de Sardan J.-P., <em>La revanche des contextes</em>. Paris, Karthala.</p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">Ruffin J.-C., 1994. <em>L’aventure humanitaire</em>. Paris, Gallimard.</p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">Ryfman Ph., 2010. L’action humanitaire non gouvernementale : une diplomatie alternative ? <em>Politique étrangère</em>, n° 3.</p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">Subra Ph., 2008. L’aménagement, une question géopolitique ! <em>Hérodote</em>, n° 130, p. 222-250.</p> </div> <div id="annonce-1244027-en" class="tabContent hidden" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <h1>Argument</h1> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><em><span lang="EN-US">Washington, 7 March 2024. </span></em><span lang="EN-US">As part of what could be seen as an attempt to respond to the humanitarian disaster resulting from the Israeli military action in the Gaza Strip, the US government announced that it was going to build a floating port off the coast of Gaza. The stated aim was to facilitate the delivery of humanitarian aid to the civilian population. The port, built by the American army, has been in operation since 17 May 2024, enabling the delivery of food parcels. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><em><span lang="EN-US">United Nations General Assembly, New York, 24 September 2019</span></em><span lang="EN-US">. After enforcing an open-door policy for Syrians fleeing their country since 2011, the President of the Republic of Turkey, Recep Tayyip Erdo臒an, announced at the United Nations General Assembly the launch of a vast development plan in northern Syria, consisting of the construction of towns and villages spread along a strip of land under the control of the Turkish army. According to the Turkish President, this project serves a humanitarian purpose: enabling Syrians to return home ‘in all safety’. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><em><span lang="EN-US">Europe, Middle East, Asia, Africa, South America, late 20<sup>th</sup> & early 21<sup>st</sup> century</span></em><span lang="EN-US">. Countless camps have sprung up around the world to accommodate people in exile. Whether they are described as refugee camps, camps for displaced people or migrant camps, ‘these camps are becoming one of the major components of “global society”’, writes Michel Agier (Agier, 2014, p. 11). While they are in most cases designed to respond to emergency situations, it appears that a number of them - the largest - are becoming permanent and turning into cities in their own right. Examples include the Palestinian quarter, a former camp in the city of Amman, or the Dadaab camp in Kenya, home to over 500,000 people in 2012 and now the country’s third largest city, and the Kutupalong camp in Bangladesh, the largest camp in the world, with a population of over 600,000 inhabitants as of the end of 2018.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">All these ports, towns and camps, which were designed to be temporary, have become long-term settlements. These three very different examples illustrate a similar phenomenon: the way in which humanitarian action contributes to shaping space and territory. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">It is generally accepted that humanitarian aid has an important political dimension. This issue will explore a particular dimension of aid’s political impact: the way in which it concretely shapes territories.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Almost ten years after the publication of the collective study <em>Un monde de camps</em> (“A World of Camps”, Agier, 2014), this issue seeks to reflect on the ways in which humanitarian aid can be a driver of territorial dynamics and transformation.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">This territorial action is not limited to camps. It can involve many types of infrastructure: ports, towns and, even more frequently, health centres, schools, community centres, roads, airfields, technical networks, etc.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">The aid sector is sometimes described as a network of stakeholders comprising mainly of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and international organisations (IOs). However, as Philippe Ryfman (2010) points out, these stakeholders also include the states, whose role is twofold: as direct actors, when they comprise of institutions or agencies that deliver State aid policies; and as financiers (or donors), since states are now the largest contributors to global aid – which has consequences on the NGOs’ agendas (Egger, 2016).</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">While state intervention in the field of aid can be criticised (Dubuet, 2003), the term ‘aid’ is used here in its broadest sense as a form of action and operations aimed at bettering people's living conditions – in other words, a form of action that pursues moral aims (Fassin, 2010).</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">This issue will bring together articles based on case studies where aid has played a leading role in spatial planning, whether this planning process was deliberately perceived and designed as such – looking, for example, at humanitarian architecture or infrastructure (Charlesworth, 2014) – or whether it became established <em>de facto</em>, without any concerted planning.</span></p> <h1>Axes</h1> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Contributions will be expected to follow, but not limited to, the three angles outlined below: </span></p> <h3><span lang="EN-US">1.</span><span lang="EN-US"> The diversity of aid players involved in spatial planning processes</span></h3> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Contributors may map out the players involved and examine how they operate, how they are governed and how they interact with each other, with the authorities and with local populations.</span></p> <h3><span lang="EN-US">2.</span><span lang="EN-US"> The diversity of forms and types of spatial planning projects that aid stakeholders partake in, and the logics that underpin them</span></h3> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">What is the difference between building a bridge, a road, a school or a camp? What processes are available? Are there any models or predetermined logics? What is the role of context (Olivier de Sardan, 2021)? What role do local players play in the implementation of such projects?</span></p> <h3><span lang="EN-US">3.</span><span lang="EN-US"> These reflections lead us to question of how – as a result of their mere presence or because of the consequences of their intervention – aid players contribute to changing and reconfiguring established relations of power</span></h3> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Spatial planning is an eminently political field. Not only does it require access to local resources – whatever they may be –, but it also has the power to open up access to resources for local populations. In addition, development can transform local demographics, which can have a long-term influence – perhaps even more lasting than military operations – on regional or national geopolitical processes.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Contributions may thus investigate how humanitarian action contributes to changing and reconfiguring balances of power. In addition, contributors are invited to pay particular attention to scale, both in terms of the stakeholders involved in these developments (are we looking at a consortium of international NGOs with UN funding, or at local not-for-profits working with the municipality benefiting from the work?) and in terms of understanding these projects’ spatial impacts. </span></p> <h1>Submission guidelines</h1> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">This call is not exclusively targeting geographers; contributions from other disciplines such as architecture, urban planning, sociology, political science, economics, history or anthropology are also welcome. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">The articles in this dossier, written in French, English or Spanish, will be around 35,000 to 40,000 characters including spaces</span><span lang="EN-US"> (plus illustrations). Please refer to the EchoGéo</span><span lang="EN-US"> recommendations to authors</span><span lang="EN-US"> for <a href="https://journals.openedition.org/echogeo/26928">standards of presentation for the text and bibliography</a> </span><span lang="EN-US">and <a href="https://journals.openedition.org/echogeo/26933">illustrations</a></span><span lang="EN-US">. </span></p> <p style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">All submissions must be sent </span></p> <h3 class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">by 15 October 2025</span> </h3> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">to Adrian Foucher (</span><strong><span lang="EN-US">foucher.adrian@gmail.com</span></strong><span lang="EN-US">), the dossier's coordinator, with a copy to Karine Delaunay (</span><strong><span lang="EN-US">EchoGeo@univ-paris1.fr</span></strong><span lang="EN-US">), <em>EchoGéo</em>'s editorial secretary, who will forward them to the evaluators. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">The dossier will be published in issue n° 76 of <em>EchoGéo</em> (April-June 2026). </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">In addition to the articles in the Sur le champ (On the field) dossier, submissions that address the general theme of this call for papers may be included in the other sections of <em>EchoGéo </em>(Sur le métier/On the job, Sur l'image/On image, Sur l'écrit/On writing)). These proposals must comply with the expectations of these sections, as indicated in the <a href="https://journals.openedition.org/echogeo/22070">editorial line</a></span><span lang="EN-US">.</span></p> <h1 class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Scientific coordinator</span></h1> <ul> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Adrian Foucher</span><span lang="EN-US">, PhD in Geography (UMR Citeres, Univ. de Tours), currently ATER at the Université Gustave Eiffel.</span></li> </ul> <h1>References</h1> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">Agier M., 2008. <em>Ge虂rer les inde虂sirables : Des camps de re虂fugie虂s au gouvernement humanitaire</em>. Paris, Flammarion.</p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">Agier M., 2014. <em>Un monde de camps</em>. Paris, La De虂couverte.</p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Barnett M., 2011. <em>Empire of humanity. A history of humanitarianism</em>. Cornell University press. </span></p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Barnett M., Weiss T. G., 2011. <em>Humanitarianism contested : where angels fear to tread</em>. </span>Londres, Routledge.</p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">Brauman R., 1994. <em>L’action humanitaire</em> [accessible sur le site MSF-crash]. Paris, Médecins sans frontières, 7 p. URL: <a href="https://msf-crash.org/fr/acteurs-et-pratiques-humanitaires/laction-humanitaire">https://msf-crash.org/fr/acteurs-et-pratiques-humanitaires/laction-humanitaire</a>.</p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Charlesworth E., 2014. The rise of humanitarian architecture. <em>Architectural Research Quarterly</em>, vol. 18, n° 3, p. 267-271.</span></p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">Egger C., 2016. <em>ONG : Organisation Ne虂o-Gouvernementales. Analyse des strate虂gies e虂tatiques de contro虃le des ONG humanitaires en zone de conflit (1989-2005).</em> The虁se de Science Politique, Universite虂 Grenoble Alpes.</p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">Dubuet F., 2003. Le mythe de l’humanitaire d’État [accessible sur le site MSF]. <em>Humanitaire</em>, n° 7. URL: <a href="https://www.msf.fr/sites/default/files/2003-04-01-Dubuet.pdf">https://www.msf.fr/sites/default/files/2003-04-01-Dubuet.pdf</a></p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Demiryontar B., Içduygu A., 2023. The politics around safe zones: A comparative perspective on return to northern Syria. </span><em>Third World Quaterly</em>, vol. 44, n° 8, p. 1754-1769.</p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">Fassin D., 2010. <em>La raison humanitaire suivi de Signes des temps</em>. Paris, Seuil-Gallimard.</p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">Ngombe M., 2020. Les couloirs humanitaires : un régime d’exception pour gérer des réfugiés « désirables ». <em>Revue internationale des études du développement</em>, n° 241, p. 65-86.</p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">Olivier de Sardan J.-P, 2021. Les modèles voyageurs face à l’épreuve des contextes. <em>In</em> Olivier de Sardan J.-P., <em>La revanche des contextes</em>. Paris, Karthala.</p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">Ruffin J.-C., 1994. <em>L’aventure humanitaire</em>. Paris, Gallimard.</p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">Ryfman Ph., 2010. L’action humanitaire non gouvernementale : une diplomatie alternative ? <em>Politique étrangère</em>, n° 3.</p> <p class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">Subra Ph., 2008. L’aménagement, une question géopolitique ! <em>Hérodote</em>, n° 130, p. 222-250.</p> </div> </div> <div id="categories" class="cat"> <p class="intitule">Cat茅gories</p> <ul> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=218">G茅ographie</a> (Cat茅gorie principale)</li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=200">Soci茅t茅s</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=236">脡conomie</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=240">脡conomie politique</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=200">Soci茅t茅s</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=218">G茅ographie</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=221">G茅ographie urbaine</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=200">Soci茅t茅s</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=236">脡conomie</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=237">D茅veloppement 茅conomique</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=200">Soci茅t茅s</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=218">G茅ographie</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=223">G茅ographie rurale</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=200">Soci茅t茅s</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=241">脡tudes du politique</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=247">Mouvements politiques et sociaux</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=302">P茅riodes</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=317">脡poque contemporaine</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=200">Soci茅t茅s</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=218">G茅ographie</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=227">G茅ographie : politique, culture et repr茅sentation</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="eventformats"><br></div> <div id="dates"> <p class="intitule">Dates</p> <ul> <li>mercredi 15 octobre 2025</li> </ul> </div> <div id="attachments"> <p class="intitule">Fichiers attach茅s</p> <ul> <li><a href="1244052?file=1" target="_blank">EchoGeo - Appel 脿 articles - Action hiumanitaire et amenagement.docx</a></li> <li><a href="1244062?file=1" target="_blank">EchoG茅o_AaA_Humanitarian aid_ENGLISH.docx</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="motscles"> <p class="intitule">Mots-cl茅s</p> <ul> <li>humanitaire, am茅nagement, infrastructure, ONG, 脡tat, pouvoir, territoire</li> </ul> </div> <div id="contacts"> <p class="intitule">Contacts</p> <ul> <li>Karine Delaunay<br/><em>courriel :</em> EchoGeo [at] univ-paris1 [dot] fr<br/></li> <li>Adrian Foucher<br/><em>courriel :</em> foucher [dot] adrian [at] gmail [dot] com<br/></li> </ul> </div> <div id="refurl"> <p class="intitule">URLS de r茅f茅rence</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://journals.openedition.org/echogeo/">EchoG茅o</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="source"> <p class="intitule">Source de l'information</p> <ul> <li>Karine Delaunay<br/><em>courriel :</em> EchoGeo [at] univ-paris1 [dot] fr</li> </ul> </div> <div id="license"> <p class="intitule">Licence</p> <p><a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><img alt="CC-BY-4.0" class="cc" src="images/ccby-88x31.png" /></a> Cette annonce est mise 脿 disposition selon les termes de la <a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons - Attribution 4.0 International - CC BY 4.0</a>.</p> </div> <div id="citation"> <p class="intitule">Pour citer cette annonce</p> <p>Adrian Foucher, 芦 L鈥檃ction humanitaire : am茅nageur insoup莽onn茅 du territoire 禄, <span class="category">Appel 脿 contribution</span>, <em>Calenda</em>, Publi茅 le vendredi 21 mars 2025, <a class="url" href="https://doi.org/10.58079/13jb0">https://doi.org/10.58079/13jb0</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="news" class="column last"> <div id="imprimable"> <a id="impression" onclick="javascript:window.open('1244027?formatage=print', '', 'menubar=yes,toolbar=no,scrollbars=yes,width=800,height=600');return false;" href="1244027?formatage=print">Imprimer</a> <a id="signaler" 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