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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Marriage and family</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marriage_and_family-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_political_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_political_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Early political career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_political_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jackson_administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jackson_administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Jackson administration</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Jackson_administration-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Jackson administration subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Jackson_administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cabinet_member" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cabinet_member"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Cabinet member</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cabinet_member-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Supreme_Court_nominations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Supreme_Court_nominations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Supreme Court nominations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Supreme_Court_nominations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taney_Court" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taney_Court"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Taney Court</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Taney_Court-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Taney Court subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Taney_Court-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1836–1844" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1836–1844"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>1836–1844</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1836–1844-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1845–1856" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1845–1856"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>1845–1856</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1845–1856-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dred_Scott_decision" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dred_Scott_decision"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Dred Scott decision</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dred_Scott_decision-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-American_Civil_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#American_Civil_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>American Civil War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-American_Civil_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Legacy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Historical_reputation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historical_reputation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Historical reputation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historical_reputation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Memorials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Memorials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Memorials</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Memorials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-De-memorialization_due_to_Dred_Scott" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#De-memorialization_due_to_Dred_Scott"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>De-memorialization due to <i>Dred Scott</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-De-memorialization_due_to_Dred_Scott-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Roger B. Taney</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AC%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%83_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A" title="روجر بروك تاني – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="روجر بروك تاني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AC%D8%B1_%D8%A8%DB%8C._%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="روجر بی. تانی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="روجر بی. تانی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8D%D1%80_%D0%91%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Роджэр Брук Тані – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Роджэр Брук Тані" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_B._Taney" title="Roger B. Taney – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Roger B. Taney" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_B._Taney" title="Roger B. Taney – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Roger B. Taney" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_B._Taney" title="Roger B. Taney – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Roger B. Taney" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_B._Taney" title="Roger B. Taney – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Roger B. Taney" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%B1_%D8%A8%DB%8C._%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="راجر بی. تانی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="راجر بی. تانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Brooke_Taney" title="Roger Brooke Taney – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Roger Brooke Taney" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EC%A0%80_%ED%86%A0%EB%8B%88" title="로저 토니 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="로저 토니" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Brooke_Taney" title="Roger Brooke Taney – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Roger Brooke Taney" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Brooke_Taney" title="Roger Brooke Taney – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Roger Brooke Taney" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%92%27%D7%A8_%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99" title="רוג'ר טוני – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רוג'ר טוני" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rogerius_Brooke_Taney" title="Rogerius Brooke Taney – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Rogerius Brooke Taney" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_B._Taney" title="Roger B. Taney – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Roger B. Taney" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AC%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%83_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%89" title="روجر بروك تانى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="روجر بروك تانى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%88%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8B%E3%83%BC" title="ロジャー・トーニー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロジャー・トーニー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_B._Taney" title="Roger B. Taney – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Roger B. Taney" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Brooke_Taney" title="Roger Brooke Taney – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Roger Brooke Taney" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_B._Taney" title="Roger B. Taney – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Roger B. Taney" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Taney" title="Roger Taney – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Roger Taney" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8,_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%91%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Тони, Роджер Брук – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тони, Роджер Брук" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Taney" title="Roger Taney – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Roger Taney" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_B._Taney" title="Roger B. Taney – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Roger B. Taney" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_B._Taney" title="Roger B. Taney – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Roger B. Taney" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%91%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Роджер Брук Тоні – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Роджер Брук Тоні" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%9D%B0%C2%B7B%C2%B7%E6%89%98%E5%B0%BC" title="罗杰·B·托尼 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="罗杰·B·托尼" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q359470#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Roger_B._Taney" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Roger_B._Taney" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Chief Justice of the United States from 1836 to 1864</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Roger B. Taney</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Roger_B._Taney_-_Brady-Handy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Roger_B._Taney_-_Brady-Handy.jpg/220px-Roger_B._Taney_-_Brady-Handy.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="319" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Roger_B._Taney_-_Brady-Handy.jpg/330px-Roger_B._Taney_-_Brady-Handy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Roger_B._Taney_-_Brady-Handy.jpg/440px-Roger_B._Taney_-_Brady-Handy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4413" data-file-height="6402" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Photo by <a href="/wiki/Mathew_Brady" title="Mathew Brady">Mathew Brady</a>, 1855–1860</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">5th <a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_United_States" title="Chief Justice of the United States">Chief Justice of the United States</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />March 28, 1836 – October 12, 1864</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Nominated by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Marshall" title="John Marshall">John Marshall</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Salmon_P._Chase" title="Salmon P. Chase">Salmon P. Chase</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">12th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">United States Secretary of the Treasury</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />September 23, 1833 – June 25, 1834</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_J._Duane" title="William J. Duane">William Duane</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Levi_Woodbury" title="Levi Woodbury">Levi Woodbury</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">11th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">United States Attorney General</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />July 20, 1831 – November 14, 1833</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_M._Berrien" title="John M. Berrien">John Berrien</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_Butler_(lawyer)" title="Benjamin Franklin Butler (lawyer)">Benjamin Butler</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Acting <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">United States Secretary of War</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />June 18, 1831 – August 1, 1831</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Eaton_(politician)" title="John Eaton (politician)">John Eaton</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Cass" title="Lewis Cass">Lewis Cass</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Maryland" title="Attorney General of Maryland">Attorney General of Maryland</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />September 1827 – June 18, 1831</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Governor</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Kent" title="Joseph Kent">Joseph Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Martin_(politician)" title="Daniel Martin (politician)">Daniel Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_King_Carroll" title="Thomas King Carroll">Thomas Carroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Martin_(politician)" title="Daniel Martin (politician)">Daniel Martin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Kell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Kell (page does not exist)">Thomas Kell</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Josiah_Bayly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Josiah Bayly (page does not exist)">Josiah Bayly</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the<br /><a href="/wiki/Maryland_House_of_Delegates" title="Maryland House of Delegates">Maryland House of Delegates</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Calvert_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvert County">Calvert County</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1799</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Roger Brooke Taney</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1777-03-17</span>)</span>March 17, 1777<br /><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Calvert_County,_Maryland" title="Calvert County, Maryland">Calvert County, Maryland</a>, U.S.</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">October 12, 1864<span style="display:none">(1864-10-12)</span> (aged 87)<br /><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label">St. John the Evangelist Cemetery<br /><a href="/wiki/Frederick,_Maryland" title="Frederick, Maryland">Frederick, Maryland</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federalist_Party" title="Federalist Party">Federalist</a> (before 1812)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Democratic-Republican Party">Democratic-Republican</a> (1812–1828)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> (1828–1864)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Anne Key</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1806; died 1855)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">6, including Anne Arnold Taney Campbell and Mary Taney</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li>Alice Taney Campbell Etting (granddaughter)</li> <li>Phoebe K. Campbell (granddaughter)</li> <li>Roger Brooke Taney Anderson (grandson)</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dickinson_College" title="Dickinson College">Dickinson College</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roger_B_Taney_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Roger B. Taney's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Roger_B_Taney_Signature.svg/128px-Roger_B_Taney_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Roger_B_Taney_Signature.svg/192px-Roger_B_Taney_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Roger_B_Taney_Signature.svg/256px-Roger_B_Taney_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="189" data-file-height="39" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Roger Brooke Taney</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ɔː/: 'au' in 'fraud'">ɔː</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span></span>/</a></span></span>; March 17, 1777 – October 12, 1864) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the fifth <a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_United_States" title="Chief Justice of the United States">chief justice of the United States</a>, holding that office from 1836 until his death in 1864. Taney delivered the majority opinion in <i><a href="/wiki/Dred_Scott_v._Sandford" title="Dred Scott v. Sandford">Dred Scott v. Sandford</a></i> (1857), ruling that <a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African Americans</a> could not be considered <a href="/wiki/U.S._citizens" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. citizens">U.S. citizens</a> and that Congress could not prohibit <a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_the_United_States" title="Slavery in the United States">slavery</a> in the <a href="/wiki/U.S._territories" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. territories">U.S. territories</a>. Prior to joining the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Supreme Court">U.S. Supreme Court</a>, Taney served as the <a href="/wiki/U.S._attorney_general" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. attorney general">U.S. attorney general</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">U.S. secretary of the treasury</a> under President <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a>. He was the <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States#Catholic_justices" title="Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States">first</a> <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_the_United_States" title="Catholic Church in the United States">Catholic</a> to serve on the Supreme Court.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Taney was born into a wealthy, slave-owning family in <a href="/wiki/Calvert_County,_Maryland" title="Calvert County, Maryland">Calvert County, Maryland</a>. He won election to the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_House_of_Delegates" title="Maryland House of Delegates">Maryland House of Delegates</a> as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Federalist_Party" title="Federalist Party">Federalist Party</a> but later broke with the party over the <a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a>. After switching to the <a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Democratic-Republican Party">Democratic-Republican Party</a>, Taney was elected to the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Senate" title="Maryland Senate">Maryland Senate</a> in 1816. He emerged as one of the most prominent attorneys in the state and was appointed as the <a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Maryland" title="Attorney General of Maryland">Attorney General of Maryland</a> in 1827. Taney supported <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a>'s presidential campaigns in 1824 and 1828, and he became a member of Jackson's <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a>. After <a href="/wiki/Petticoat_affair" title="Petticoat affair">a cabinet shake-up in 1831</a>, President Jackson appointed Taney as his attorney general. Taney became one of the most important members of Jackson's cabinet and played a major role in the <a href="/wiki/Bank_War" title="Bank War">Bank War</a>. Beginning in 1833, Taney served as secretary of the treasury under a <a href="/wiki/Recess_appointment" title="Recess appointment">recess appointment</a>, but his nomination to that position was rejected by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a>. </p><p>In 1835, after Democrats took control of the Senate, Jackson appointed Taney to succeed the late <a href="/wiki/John_Marshall" title="John Marshall">John Marshall</a> on the Supreme Court as Chief Justice. Taney presided over a jurisprudential shift toward <a href="/wiki/States%27_rights" title="States' rights">states' rights</a>, but the <a href="/wiki/Taney_Court" title="Taney Court">Taney Court</a> did not reject federal authority to the degree that many of Taney's critics had feared. By the early 1850s, he was widely respected, and some elected officials looked to the Supreme Court to settle the national debate over slavery. Despite emancipating his own slaves and giving pensions to those who were too old to work, Taney was outraged by Northern attacks on the institution, and sought to use his <i>Dred Scott</i> decision to permanently end the slavery debate. His broad ruling deeply angered many Northerners and strengthened the anti-slavery <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a>; its nominee <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a> won the <a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_presidential_election" title="1860 United States presidential election">1860 presidential election</a>. </p><p>After Lincoln's election, Taney sympathized with the seceding Southern states and blamed Lincoln for the war, but he did not resign from the Supreme Court. He strongly disagreed with President Lincoln's broader interpretation of executive power in the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>. In <i><a href="/wiki/Ex_parte_Merryman" title="Ex parte Merryman">Ex parte Merryman</a></i>, Taney held that the president could not suspend the writ of <i><a href="/wiki/Habeas_corpus" title="Habeas corpus">habeas corpus</a></i>. Lincoln retaliated to the ruling by invoking <a href="/wiki/Nonacquiescence" title="Nonacquiescence">nonacquiescence</a>. Taney later tried to hold <a href="/wiki/George_Cadwalader" title="George Cadwalader">George Cadwalader</a>, one of Lincoln's generals, in <a href="/wiki/Contempt_of_court" title="Contempt of court">contempt of court</a> and the Lincoln Administration again invoked nonacquiescence in response. In 1863, Lincoln delivered the <a href="/wiki/Emancipation_Proclamation" title="Emancipation Proclamation">Emancipation Proclamation</a> notwithstanding Taney's rulings on slavery. Taney finally relented, saying: "I have exercised all the power which the Constitution and laws confer on me, but that power has been resisted by a force too strong for me to overcome." Taney died in 1864, and Lincoln appointed <a href="/wiki/Salmon_P._Chase" title="Salmon P. Chase">Salmon P. Chase</a> as his successor. At the time of Taney's death in 1864, he was widely reviled in the North, and Lincoln declined to make a public statement in response to his death. He continues to have a controversial historical reputation, and his <i>Dred Scott</i> ruling is widely considered to be the worst Supreme Court decision ever made.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_career">Early life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_B._Taney&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Taney was born in <a href="/wiki/Calvert_County,_Maryland" title="Calvert County, Maryland">Calvert County, Maryland</a>, on March 17, 1777, to Michael Taney V and Monica Brooke Taney. Taney's ancestor, Michael Taney I, had settled in Maryland from England in 1660. He and his family established themselves as prominent <a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a> landowners of a flourishing <a href="/wiki/Tobacco_in_the_American_colonies" title="Tobacco in the American colonies">tobacco plantation</a> powered by <a href="/wiki/Slave_labor" class="mw-redirect" title="Slave labor">slave labor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As Taney's older brother, Michael Taney VI, was expected to inherit the family's plantation, their father encouraged Roger to study law. At the age of fifteen, Taney was sent to <a href="/wiki/Dickinson_College" title="Dickinson College">Dickinson College</a>, where he studied ethics, logic, languages, mathematics, and other subjects. After graduating from Dickinson in 1796, he <a href="/wiki/Read_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Read law">read law</a> under Judge <a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Townley_Chase" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeremiah Townley Chase">Jeremiah Townley Chase</a> in <a href="/wiki/Annapolis,_Maryland" title="Annapolis, Maryland">Annapolis</a>. Taney was admitted to the Maryland bar in 1799.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon20065–7_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon20065–7-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1844, Taney was elected as a member to the <a href="/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society">American Philosophical Society</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Marriage_and_family">Marriage and family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_B._Taney&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Marriage and family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Taney married Anne Phoebe Charlton Key, the sister of <a href="/wiki/Francis_Scott_Key" title="Francis Scott Key">Francis Scott Key</a>. They had six daughters together. Though Taney himself remained a Catholic, all of his daughters were raised as members of Anne's <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Church_(United_States)" title="Episcopal Church (United States)">Episcopal Church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon20068_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon20068-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taney rented an apartment during his years of service with the federal government, but he and his wife maintained a permanent home in Baltimore. After Anne died in 1855, Taney and two of his unmarried daughters moved permanently to Washington, D.C.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200695–97_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200695–97-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_political_career">Early political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_B._Taney&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After gaining admission to the state bar, Taney established a successful legal practice in <a href="/wiki/Frederick,_Maryland" title="Frederick, Maryland">Frederick, Maryland</a>. At his father's urging, he ran for the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_House_of_Delegates" title="Maryland House of Delegates">Maryland House of Delegates</a> as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Federalist_Party" title="Federalist Party">Federalist Party</a>. With the help of his father, Taney won election to the House of Delegates, but he lost his campaign for a second term. Taney remained a prominent member of the Federalist Party for several years until he broke with the party due to his support of the <a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a>. In 1816, He won election to a five-year term in the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_State_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Maryland State Senate">Maryland State Senate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon20067–9_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon20067–9-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1823, Taney moved his legal practice to <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>, where he gained widespread notoriety as an effective litigator. In 1826, Taney and <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Webster" title="Daniel Webster">Daniel Webster</a> represented merchant <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Etting" title="Solomon Etting">Solomon Etting</a> in a case that appeared before the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a>. In 1827, Taney was appointed as the <a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Maryland" title="Attorney General of Maryland">Attorney General of Maryland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200612–13_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200612–13-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taney supported <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a> in the <a href="/wiki/1824_United_States_presidential_election" title="1824 United States presidential election">1824 presidential election</a> and the <a href="/wiki/1828_United_States_presidential_election" title="1828 United States presidential election">1828 presidential election</a>. He joined Jackson's <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> and served as a leader of Jackson's 1828 campaign in Maryland.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200614_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200614-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Taney considered slavery to be an evil practice.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He freed the slaves that he inherited from his father early in his life, and as long as they lived, he provided monthly <a href="/wiki/Pension" title="Pension">pensions</a> to the older ones who were unable to work.<sup id="cite_ref-cath_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cath-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He believed, however, that slavery was a problem to be resolved gradually and chiefly by the states in which it existed,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and, as a nationalist, blamed abolitionists for "ripping the country apart".<sup id="cite_ref-:3_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1819, nevertheless, Taney defended an abolitionist <a href="/wiki/Methodism" title="Methodism">Methodist</a> minister, Jacob Gruber, who had been arrested for his criticism of slavery. Gruber was charged with attempting to stir up "acts of mutiny and rebellion".<sup id="cite_ref-:2_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taney claimed that the prosecution lacked a case against Gruber and argued that, lacking evidence of criminal intent, Gruber's <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_thought" title="Freedom of thought">freedom of conscience</a> and <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_speech" title="Freedom of speech">freedom of speech</a> needed to be protected.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taney delivered "an impassioned defense of Gruber" and, in his opening argument, Taney condemned slavery as "a blot on our national character".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHuebner201017–38_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHuebner201017–38-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After listening to the defense, the <a href="/wiki/Jury" title="Jury">jury</a> acquitted Gruber.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jackson_administration">Jackson administration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_B._Taney&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Jackson administration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Andrew_Jackson" title="Presidency of Andrew Jackson">Presidency of Andrew Jackson</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TANEY,_Roger_B-Treasury_(BEP_engraved_portrait).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/TANEY%2C_Roger_B-Treasury_%28BEP_engraved_portrait%29.jpg/175px-TANEY%2C_Roger_B-Treasury_%28BEP_engraved_portrait%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/TANEY%2C_Roger_B-Treasury_%28BEP_engraved_portrait%29.jpg/263px-TANEY%2C_Roger_B-Treasury_%28BEP_engraved_portrait%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/TANEY%2C_Roger_B-Treasury_%28BEP_engraved_portrait%29.jpg/350px-TANEY%2C_Roger_B-Treasury_%28BEP_engraved_portrait%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7200" data-file-height="9600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Engraving_and_Printing" title="Bureau of Engraving and Printing">Bureau of Engraving and Printing</a> portrait of Taney as Secretary of the Treasury</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cabinet_member">Cabinet member</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_B._Taney&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Cabinet member"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As a result of the <a href="/wiki/Petticoat_Affair" class="mw-redirect" title="Petticoat Affair">Petticoat Affair</a>, in 1831 President Jackson asked for the resignations of most of the members of his cabinet, including <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a> <a href="/wiki/John_M._Berrien" title="John M. Berrien">John M. Berrien</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECole199384–86_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECole199384–86-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jackson turned to Taney to fill the vacancy caused by Berrien's resignation, Taney having been suggested to Jackson by a Washington physician.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taney thus became the president's top legal adviser. In one advisory opinion that he wrote for the president, Taney argued that the protections of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Constitution">United States Constitution</a> did not apply to <a href="/wiki/Free_blacks" class="mw-redirect" title="Free blacks">free blacks</a>; he would revisit this issue later in his career.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200615–17_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200615–17-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like his predecessors, Taney continued the private practice of law while he served as attorney general, and he served as a counsel for the city of Baltimore in the landmark Supreme Court case of <i><a href="/wiki/Barron_v._Baltimore" title="Barron v. Baltimore">Barron v. Baltimore</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHowe2007441_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHowe2007441-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Taney became an important lieutenant in the "<a href="/wiki/Bank_War" title="Bank War">Bank War</a>," Jackson's clash with the <a href="/wiki/Second_Bank_of_the_United_States" title="Second Bank of the United States">Second Bank of the United States</a> (or "national bank"). Unlike other members of the cabinet, Taney argued that the national bank was unconstitutional, and that Jackson should seek to abolish it. With Taney's backing, Jackson vetoed a bill to renew the national bank's charter,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200619–20_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200619–20-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was scheduled to expire in 1836.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHowe2007387_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHowe2007387-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Bank War became the key issue of the <a href="/wiki/1832_United_States_presidential_election" title="1832 United States presidential election">1832 presidential election</a>, which saw Jackson defeat a challenge from national bank supporter <a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay" title="Henry Clay">Henry Clay</a>. Taney's unyielding opposition to the bank, combined with Jackson's decisive victory in the election, made the attorney general one of the most prominent members of Jackson's cabinet.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200621–22_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200621–22-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jackson escalated the Bank War after winning re-election. When <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary of the Treasury</a> <a href="/wiki/William_J._Duane" title="William J. Duane">William J. Duane</a> refused to authorize the removal of federal deposits from the national bank, Jackson fired Duane and gave Taney a <a href="/wiki/Recess_appointment" title="Recess appointment">recess appointment</a> as secretary of the treasury.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200622–23_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200622–23-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taney redistributed federal deposits from the national bank to favored state-chartered banks, which became known as "<a href="/wiki/Pet_banks" title="Pet banks">pet banks</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHowe2007392–393_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHowe2007392–393-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 1834, the Senate rejected Taney's nomination as secretary of the treasury, leaving Taney without a position in the cabinet.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200624_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200624-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taney was the first cabinet nominee in the nation's history to be rejected by the Senate.<sup id="cite_ref-NommUSS_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NommUSS-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Supreme_Court_nominations">Supreme Court nominations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_B._Taney&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Supreme Court nominations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Despite Taney's earlier rejection by the Senate, in January 1835 Jackson nominated Taney to fill the seat of retiring Supreme Court Associate Justice <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Duvall" title="Gabriel Duvall">Gabriel Duvall</a>. Opponents of Taney ensured that his nomination was not voted on before the end of the Senate session, thereby defeating the nomination. The Democrats picked up seats in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_elections,_1834_and_1835" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate elections, 1834 and 1835">1834 and 1835 Senate elections</a>, giving the party a stronger presence in the chamber. In July 1835, Jackson nominated Taney to succeed Chief Justice <a href="/wiki/John_Marshall" title="John Marshall">John Marshall</a>, who had died earlier in 1835. Though Jackson's opponents in the <a href="/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Whig Party (United States)">Whig Party</a> once again attempted to defeat Taney's nomination, Taney won confirmation in March 1836.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200624–26_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200624–26-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was the <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States#Catholic_justices" title="Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States">first Catholic</a> to serve on the Supreme Court.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taney_Court">Taney Court</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_B._Taney&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Taney Court"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Taney_Court" title="Taney Court">Taney Court</a></div> <p>Marshall had dominated the Court during his 35 years of service, and his opinion in <i><a href="/wiki/Marbury_v._Madison" title="Marbury v. Madison">Marbury v. Madison</a></i> had helped establish the federal courts as a co-equal branch of government. To the dismay of <a href="/wiki/States%27_rights" title="States' rights">states' rights</a> advocates, the <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Court" title="Marshall Court">Marshall Court</a>'s rulings in cases such as <i><a href="/wiki/McCulloch_v._Maryland" title="McCulloch v. Maryland">McCulloch v. Maryland</a></i> had upheld the power of federal law and institutions over state governments. Many Whigs believed that Taney was a "political hack" and worried about the direction in which he would take the Supreme Court. One of Marshall's key allies, Associate Justice <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Story" title="Joseph Story">Joseph Story</a>, remained on the Court when Taney took office, but Jackson appointees made up a majority of the Court.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200627–29_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200627–29-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though Taney would preside over a jurisprudential shift toward states' rights, the Taney Court did not reject broad federal authority to the degree that many Whigs initially feared.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200635–36_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200635–36-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1836–1844"><span id="1836.E2.80.931844"></span>1836–1844</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_B._Taney&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 1836–1844"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Martin_Van_Buren" title="Presidency of Martin Van Buren">Presidency of Martin Van Buren</a> and <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_John_Tyler" title="Presidency of John Tyler">Presidency of John Tyler</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Roger_B._Taney" title="Special:EditPage/Roger B. Taney">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2018</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Charles_River_Bridge_v._Warren_Bridge" title="Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge">Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge</a></i> presented one of the first major cases of the Taney Court. In 1785, the legislature of Massachusetts had chartered a company to build the Charles River Bridge on the <a href="/wiki/Charles_River" title="Charles River">Charles River</a>. In 1828, the state legislature chartered a second company to build a second bridge, the Warren Bridge, just 100 yards away from the Charles River Bridge. The owners of the Charles River Bridge sued, arguing that their charter had given them a monopoly on the operation of bridges in that area of the Charles River. The attorney for the Charles River Bridge, Daniel Webster, argued that the Commonwealth of Massachusetts had violated the <a href="/wiki/Commerce_Clause" title="Commerce Clause">Commerce Clause</a> by disregarding the monopoly that the commonwealth had granted to his client. The attorney for Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Simon_Greenleaf" title="Simon Greenleaf">Simon Greenleaf</a>, challenged Webster's interpretation of the charter, noting that the charter did not explicitly grant a monopoly to the proprietors of the Charles River Bridge.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200629–32_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200629–32-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his majority opinion, Taney ruled that the charter did not grant a monopoly to the Charles River Bridge. He held that, while the Contract Clause prevents state legislatures from violating the express provisions of a contract, the Court would interpret a contract provision narrowly when it conflicted with the general welfare of the state. Taney reasoned that any other interpretation would prevent advancements in infrastructure, since the owners of other state charters would demand compensation in return for relinquishing implied monopoly rights.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200633–34_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200633–34-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <i>Mayor of the City of New York v. Miln</i> (1837), the plaintiffs challenged a New York statute that required masters of incoming ships to report information on all passengers they brought into the country--<i>e.g.</i>, age, health, last legal residence. The question before the Taney court was whether or not the state statute undercut Congress's authority to regulate commerce; or was it a police measure, as New York claimed, fully within the authority of the state. Taney and his colleagues sought to devise a more nuanced means of accommodating competing federal and state claims of regulatory power. The Court ruled in favor of New York, holding that the statute did not assume to regulate commerce between the port of New York and foreign ports and because the statute was passed in the exercise of a police power which rightfully belonged to the states.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <i>Briscoe v. Commonwealth Bank of Kentucky</i> (1837), the third critical ruling of Taney's debut term, the Chief Justice confronted the banking system, in particular state banking. Disgruntled creditors had demanded invalidation of the notes issued by Kentucky's Commonwealth Bank, created during the panic of 1819 to aid economic recovery. The institution had been backed by the credit of the state treasury and the value of unsold public lands, and by every usual measure, its notes were bills of credit of the sort prohibited by the federal Constitution. </p><p><i>Briscoe</i> manifested this change in the field of banking and currency in the first full term of the court's new chief justice. Article I, section 10 of the Constitution prohibited states from using bills of credit, but the precise meaning of a bill of credit remained unclear. In <i>Craig v. Missouri</i> (1830), the <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Court" title="Marshall Court">Marshall Court</a> had held, by a vote of 4 to 3, that state interest-bearing loan certificates were unconstitutional. However, in the <i>Briscoe</i> case, the Court upheld the issuance of circulating notes by a state-chartered bank even when the Bank's stock, funds, and profits belonged to the state, and where the officers and directors were appointed by the state legislature. The Court narrowly defined a bill of credit as a note issued by the state, on the faith of the state, and designed to circulate as money. Since the notes in question were redeemable by the bank and not by the state itself, they were not bills of credit for constitutional purposes. By validating the constitutionality of state bank notes, the Supreme Court completed the financial revolution triggered by <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">President Andrew Jackson</a>'s refusal to recharter the <a href="/wiki/Second_Bank_of_the_United_States" title="Second Bank of the United States">Second Bank of the United States</a> and opened the door to greater state control of banking and currency in the antebellum period. </p><p>In the 1839 case of <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bank_of_Augusta_v._Earle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bank of Augusta v. Earle (page does not exist)">Bank of Augusta v. Earle</a></i>, Taney joined with seven other justices in voting to reverse a lower court decision that had barred out-of-state corporations from conducting business operations in the state of Alabama.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHuebner200374_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHuebner200374-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taney's majority opinion held that out-of-state corporations could do business in Alabama (or any other state) so long as the state legislature did not pass a law explicitly prohibiting such operations.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200636–37_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200636–37-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <i><a href="/wiki/Prigg_v._Pennsylvania" title="Prigg v. Pennsylvania">Prigg v. Pennsylvania</a></i> (1842), the Taney Court agreed to hear a case regarding slavery, slaves, slave owners, and states' rights. It held that the Constitutional prohibition against state laws that would emancipate any "person held to service or labor in [another] state" barred Pennsylvania from punishing a Maryland man who had seized a former slave and her child and had taken them back to Maryland without seeking an order from the Pennsylvania courts permitting the abduction. In his opinion for the Court, Justice <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Story" title="Joseph Story">Joseph Story</a> held not only that states were barred from interfering with enforcement of federal fugitive slave laws, but that they also were barred from assisting in enforcing those laws. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1845–1856"><span id="1845.E2.80.931856"></span>1845–1856</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_B._Taney&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 1845–1856"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_James_K._Polk" title="Presidency of James K. Polk">Presidency of James K. Polk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Millard_Fillmore" title="Presidency of Millard Fillmore">Presidency of Millard Fillmore</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Franklin_Pierce" title="Presidency of Franklin Pierce">Presidency of Franklin Pierce</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Roger_B._Taney" title="Special:EditPage/Roger B. Taney">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2018</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In the 1847 <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=License_Cases&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="License Cases (page does not exist)">License Cases</a></i>, Taney developed the concept of <a href="/wiki/Police_power_(United_States_constitutional_law)" title="Police power (United States constitutional law)">police power</a>. He wrote that "whether a state passes a quarantine law, or a law to punish offenses, or to establish courts of justice ... in every case it exercises the same power; that is to say, the power of sovereignty, the power to govern men and things within the limits of its dominion." This broad conception of state power helped to provide a constitutional justification for state governments to take on new responsibilities, such as the construction of <a href="/wiki/Internal_improvements" title="Internal improvements">internal improvements</a> and the establishment of public schools.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwartz1995103–104_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwartz1995103–104-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Taney's majority opinion in <i><a href="/wiki/Luther_v._Borden" title="Luther v. Borden">Luther v. Borden</a></i> (1849)<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> provided an important rationale for limiting federal judicial power. The Court considered its own authority to issue rulings on matters deemed to be political in nature. Martin Luther, a <a href="/wiki/Dorr_Rebellion" title="Dorr Rebellion">Dorrite</a> shoemaker, brought suit against Luther Borden, a state militiaman because Luther's house had been ransacked. Luther based his case on the claim that the Dorr government was the legitimate government of Rhode Island, and that Borden's violation of his home constituted a private act lacking legal authority. The circuit court, rejecting this contention, held that no trespass had been committed, and the Supreme Court, in 1849, affirmed. The decision provides the distinction between political questions and justiciable ones. The majority opinion interpreted the <a href="/wiki/Guarantee_Clause" title="Guarantee Clause">Guarantee Clause</a> of the Constitution, Article IV, Section 4. Taney held that under this article Congress is able to decide what government is established in each state. This decision was important as an example of judicial self-restraint. Many Democrats had hoped that the justices would legitimize the actions of the Rhode Island reformers. </p><p><i>Genesee Chief v. Fitzhugh</i> (1852) dealt with the issue of admiralty jurisdiction. This case concerned an 1847 maritime collision on <a href="/wiki/Lake_Ontario" title="Lake Ontario">Lake Ontario</a> in which the <i>Genesee Chief's</i> propeller struck and sank the schooner <i>Cuba</i>. Suing under the 1845 act that extended <a href="/wiki/Admiralty_law" title="Admiralty law">admiralty jurisdiction</a> to the Great Lakes, the owners of the <i>Cuba</i> alleged that the negligence of the <i>Genesee Chief's</i> crew caused the accident. Counsel for the <i>Genesee Chief</i> blamed the <i>Cuba</i> and contended that the incident occurred within New York's waters, outside the reach of federal jurisdiction. The key constitutional question was whether the case properly belonged in the federal courts—specifically, whether <a href="/wiki/Admiralty_law" title="Admiralty law">admiralty jurisdiction</a> extended to the great freshwater lakes. In England, only tidal rivers had been navigable; hence, in English Law, the Admiralty Courts, which had been given jurisdiction over navigable waters, found their jurisdiction limited to places which felt the effect of the tides of the sea. In the United States, the vast expanse of the Great Lakes and stretches of the continental rivers, extending for hundreds of miles, were not tidal; yet upon these waters large vessels could move, with burdens of passengers and cargo. Taney ruled that the admiralty jurisdiction of the US Courts extends to waters which are actually navigable, without regard to the flow of the ocean tides. Taney's majority opinion established a broad new definition of federal admiralty jurisdiction. According to Taney, the 1845 act fell within Congress's power to control the jurisdiction of the federal courts. "If this law, therefore, is constitutional, it must be supported on the ground that the lakes and navigable waters connecting them are within the scope of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction, as known and understood in the United States when the Constitution was adopted."<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The United States increasingly polarized along sectional lines during the 1850s, with slavery acting as the central source of sectional tension.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200690–91_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200690–91-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taney wrote the majority opinion in the 1851 case of <i><a href="/wiki/Strader_v._Graham" title="Strader v. Graham">Strader v. Graham</a></i>, in which the Court held that slaves from Kentucky who had conducted a musical performance in the free state of Ohio remained slaves because they had voluntarily returned to Kentucky. Taney's narrowly constructed opinion was joined by both pro-slavery and anti-slavery justices on the Court.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200693–94_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200693–94-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the Court avoided splitting over the issue of slavery, debates over the status of slavery in the <a href="/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States" title="Territories of the United States">territories</a>, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Fugitive_Slave_Act_of_1850" title="Fugitive Slave Act of 1850">Fugitive Slave Act of 1850</a>, continued to roil the nation.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200694_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200694-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dred_Scott_decision">Dred Scott decision</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_B._Taney&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Dred Scott decision"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dred_Scott_v._Sandford" title="Dred Scott v. Sandford">Dred Scott v. Sandford</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_James_Buchanan" title="Presidency of James Buchanan">Presidency of James Buchanan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Origins_of_the_American_Civil_War" title="Origins of the American Civil War">Origins of the American Civil War</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Justice_Roger_B._Taney,_Supreme_Court,_U.S_-_NARA_-_528351.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Justice_Roger_B._Taney%2C_Supreme_Court%2C_U.S_-_NARA_-_528351.jpg/220px-Justice_Roger_B._Taney%2C_Supreme_Court%2C_U.S_-_NARA_-_528351.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Justice_Roger_B._Taney%2C_Supreme_Court%2C_U.S_-_NARA_-_528351.jpg/330px-Justice_Roger_B._Taney%2C_Supreme_Court%2C_U.S_-_NARA_-_528351.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Justice_Roger_B._Taney%2C_Supreme_Court%2C_U.S_-_NARA_-_528351.jpg/440px-Justice_Roger_B._Taney%2C_Supreme_Court%2C_U.S_-_NARA_-_528351.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2541" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Chief Justice Roger B. Taney, photograph by <a href="/wiki/Mathew_Brady" title="Mathew Brady">Mathew Brady</a></figcaption></figure> <p>As Congress was unable to settle the debate over slavery, some leaders from both the North and the South came to believe that only the Supreme Court could bring an end to the controversy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200698–100_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200698–100-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Compromise_of_1850" title="Compromise of 1850">Compromise of 1850</a> contained provisions to expedite appeals regarding slavery in the territories to the Supreme Court, but no suitable case arose until <i><a href="/wiki/Dred_Scott_v._Sandford" title="Dred Scott v. Sandford">Dred Scott v. Sandford</a></i> reached the Supreme Court in 1856.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcPherson2003172_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcPherson2003172-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1846, <a href="/wiki/Dred_Scott" title="Dred Scott">Dred Scott</a>, an enslaved African American man living in the slave state of Missouri, had filed suit against his master for his own freedom. Scott argued that he had legally gained freedom in the 1830s, when he had resided with a previous master in both the free state of Illinois and a portion of the <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Territory" title="Louisiana Territory">Louisiana Territory</a> that banned slavery under the <a href="/wiki/Missouri_Compromise" title="Missouri Compromise">Missouri Compromise</a>. Scott prevailed in a state trial court, but that ruling was reversed by the Missouri Supreme Court. After a series of legal maneuvers, the case finally made its way to the Supreme Court in 1856. Although the case concerned the explosive issue of slavery, it initially received relatively little attention from the press and from the justices themselves.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006102–105_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006102–105-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 1857, a majority of the judges on the Court voted to deny Scott freedom simply because he had returned to Missouri, thereby reaffirming the precedent set in <i>Strader</i>. However, after two of the Northern justices objected to the decision, Taney and his four Southern colleagues decided to write a much broader decision that would bar federal regulation of slavery in the territories. Like the other Southerners on the Court, Taney was outraged over what he saw as "Northern aggression" towards slavery, an institution that he believed was critical to "Southern life and values".<sup id="cite_ref-McPherson171174_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McPherson171174-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Along with newly elected President <a href="/wiki/James_Buchanan" title="James Buchanan">James Buchanan</a>, who was aware of the broad outlines of the upcoming decision, Taney and his allies on the Court hoped that the <i>Dred Scott</i> case would permanently remove slavery as a subject of national debate. Reflecting these hopes, Buchanan's March 4, 1857, inaugural address indicated that the issue of slavery would soon be "finally settled" by the Court.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006117–120_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006117–120-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To avoid the appearance of sectional favoritism, Taney and his Southern colleagues sought to win the support of at least one Northern justice to the Court's decision. At the request of Associate Justice <a href="/wiki/John_Catron" title="John Catron">John Catron</a>, Buchanan convinced Northern Associate Justice <a href="/wiki/Robert_Cooper_Grier" title="Robert Cooper Grier">Robert Cooper Grier</a> to join the majority opinion in <i>Dred Scott</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-McPherson171174_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McPherson171174-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Court's majority opinion, written by Taney, was given on March 6, 1857. He first held that no African American, free or enslaved, had ever enjoyed the rights of a citizen under the Constitution. He argued that, for more than a century leading up to the ratification of the Constitution, blacks had been "regarded as beings of an inferior order, altogether unfit to associate with the white race ... and so far inferior, that they had no rights which the white man was bound to respect".<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To bolster the argument that blacks were widely regarded as legally inferior when the Constitution was adopted, Taney pointed to various state laws, but ignored the fact that five states had allowed blacks to vote in 1788.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006121–124_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006121–124-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He next declared that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional, and that the Constitution did not grant Congress the power to bar slavery in the territories. Taney argued that the federal government served as a "trustee" to the people of the territory and could not deprive the right of slaveowners to take slaves into the territories. Only the states, Taney asserted, could bar slavery. Finally, he held that Scott remained a slave.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006124–125_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006124–125-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>Dred Scott</i> opinion received strong criticism in the North, and Associate Justice <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Robbins_Curtis" title="Benjamin Robbins Curtis">Benjamin Robbins Curtis</a> resigned in protest.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006125–130_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006125–130-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rather than removing slavery as an issue, it bolstered the popularity of the anti-slavery <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a>. Republicans like <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a> rejected Taney's legal reasoning and argued that the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="United States Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a> showed that the <a href="/wiki/Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States" title="Founding Fathers of the United States">Founding Fathers</a> favored the protection of individual rights for all free men, regardless of race.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006138–139_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006138–139-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many Republicans accused Taney of being part of a conspiracy to legalize slavery throughout the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006155–156_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006155–156-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="American_Civil_War">American Civil War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_B._Taney&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: American Civil War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RogerTaneyGrave.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/RogerTaneyGrave.jpg/220px-RogerTaneyGrave.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/RogerTaneyGrave.jpg/330px-RogerTaneyGrave.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/RogerTaneyGrave.jpg/440px-RogerTaneyGrave.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3197" data-file-height="2356" /></a><figcaption>Taney's grave in Frederick, Maryland</figcaption></figure> <p>Republican nominee Abraham Lincoln won the <a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_presidential_election" title="1860 United States presidential election">1860 presidential election</a>, defeating Taney's preferred candidate, <a href="/wiki/John_C._Breckinridge" title="John C. Breckinridge">John C. Breckinridge</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006168–171,_177_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006168–171,_177-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several Southern states seceded in response to Lincoln's election and formed the <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate States of America</a>; the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a> began in April 1861 with the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fort_Sumter" title="Battle of Fort Sumter">Battle of Fort Sumter</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006171–172,_182_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006171–172,_182-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike Associate Justice <a href="/wiki/John_Archibald_Campbell" title="John Archibald Campbell">John Archibald Campbell</a>, Taney (whose home state of Maryland remained in the Union) did not resign from the Court to join the Confederacy, but he believed that the Southern states had the constitutional right to secede, and he blamed Lincoln for starting the war. From his position on the Court, Taney challenged Lincoln's more expansive view of presidential and federal power during the Civil War.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006194–195,_220–221_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006194–195,_220–221-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He did not get the opportunity to rule against the constitutionality of the <a href="/wiki/Emancipation_Proclamation" title="Emancipation Proclamation">Emancipation Proclamation</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Legal_Tender_Cases" title="Legal Tender Cases">Legal Tender Act</a>, or the <a href="/wiki/Enrollment_Act" title="Enrollment Act">Enrollment Act</a>, but he did preside over two important Civil War cases.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006222–223,_245_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006222–223,_245-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After secessionists destroyed important bridges and telegraph lines in the <a href="/wiki/Border_states_(American_Civil_War)" title="Border states (American Civil War)">border state</a> of Maryland, Lincoln suspended the writ of <i><a href="/wiki/Habeas_corpus" title="Habeas corpus">habeas corpus</a></i> in much of the state. That suspension allowed military officials to arrest and imprison suspected secessionists for an indefinite period and without a judicial hearing. After the <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_riot_of_1861" title="Baltimore riot of 1861">Baltimore riot of 1861</a>, Union officials arrested state legislator <a href="/wiki/John_Merryman" title="John Merryman">John Merryman</a>, whom they suspected of having destroyed Union infrastructure. Union officials allowed Merryman access to his lawyers, who delivered a petition of habeas corpus to the federal <a href="/wiki/United_States_circuit_court" title="United States circuit court">circuit court</a> for Maryland. In his role as the head of that circuit court, Taney presided over the case of <i><a href="/wiki/Ex_parte_Merryman" title="Ex parte Merryman">Ex parte Merryman</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006183–187_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006183–187-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taney held that only Congress had the power to suspend the writ of habeas corpus, and he ordered the release of Merryman.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006189–192_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006189–192-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lincoln invoked <a href="/wiki/Nonacquiescence" title="Nonacquiescence">nonacquiescence</a> in response to Taney's order as well as subsequent Taney orders. He later argued that the Constitution did in fact give the president the power to suspend the writ of habeas corpus saying “Now it is insisted that Congress, and not the Executive, is vested with this power; but the Constitution itself is silent as to which or who is to exercise the power; and as the provision was plainly made for a dangerous emergency, it can not be believed the framers of the instrument intended that in every case the danger should run its course until Congress could be called together, the very assembling of which might be prevented, as was intended in this case, by the rebellion.” Nonetheless, when Lincoln suspended habeas corpus at a far larger scale, he did so only after requesting that Congress authorize him to suspend the writ, which they did by passing the <a href="/wiki/Habeas_Corpus_Suspension_Act_(1863)" title="Habeas Corpus Suspension Act (1863)">Habeas Corpus Suspension Act</a> of 1863.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006195–197_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006195–197-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1863, the Supreme Court heard the <i><a href="/wiki/Prize_Cases" title="Prize Cases">Prize Cases</a></i>, which arose after Union ships <a href="/wiki/Union_blockade" title="Union blockade">blockading the Confederacy</a> seized ships that conducted trade with Confederate ports.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006205–207_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006205–207-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An adverse Supreme Court decision would strike a major blow against Lincoln's prosecution of the war, since the blockade cut off the crucial Confederate cotton trade with European countries.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006225–226_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006225–226-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Court's majority opinion, written by Associate Justice Grier, upheld the seizures and ruled that the president had the authority to impose a blockade without a congressional declaration of war. Taney joined a dissenting opinion written by Associate Justice <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Nelson" title="Samuel Nelson">Samuel Nelson</a>, who argued that Lincoln had overstepped his authority by ordering a blockade without the express consent of Congress.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006229–232_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006229–232-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_B._Taney&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Taney died on October 12, 1864, at the age of 87,<sup id="cite_ref-SCHtaney_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCHtaney-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the same day his home state of Maryland passed an amendment abolishing slavery.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following morning, the clerk of the Supreme Court announced that "the great and good Chief Justice is no more." He served as chief justice for <span data-sort-value="7004104250000000000♠"></span>28 years, 198 days, the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Chief_Justices_by_time_in_office" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Chief Justices by time in office">second longest</a> tenure of any chief justice,<sup id="cite_ref-SCHtaney_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCHtaney-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was the oldest ever serving Chief Justice in United States history.<sup id="cite_ref-American_Heritage_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-American_Heritage-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taney had administered the presidential oath of office to <a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_inauguration" title="United States presidential inauguration">seven incoming presidents</a>. Taney's estate consisted of a $10,000 life insurance policy (equivalent to $190,000 in 2023<sup id="cite_ref-inflation-US_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inflation-US-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) and worthless bonds from the commonwealth of Virginia.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006269_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006269-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>President Lincoln made no public statement in response to Taney's death. Lincoln and three members of his cabinet (Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/William_H._Seward" title="William H. Seward">William H. Seward</a>, Attorney General <a href="/wiki/Edward_Bates" title="Edward Bates">Edward Bates</a>, and Postmaster General <a href="/wiki/William_Dennison_Jr." title="William Dennison Jr.">William Dennison</a>) attended Taney's memorial service in Washington. Only Bates joined the <a href="/wiki/Cort%C3%A8ge" class="mw-redirect" title="Cortège">cortège</a> to Frederick, Maryland, for Taney's funeral and burial at St. John the Evangelist Cemetery.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Lincoln was re-elected, he appointed <a href="/wiki/Salmon_P._Chase" title="Salmon P. Chase">Salmon P. Chase</a>, a strongly anti-slavery Republican from Ohio, to succeed Taney.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006267–268_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006267–268-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_B._Taney&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roger_B._Taney_statue,_Mount_Vernon_Place,_Baltimore,_MD.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Roger_B._Taney_statue%2C_Mount_Vernon_Place%2C_Baltimore%2C_MD.jpg/220px-Roger_B._Taney_statue%2C_Mount_Vernon_Place%2C_Baltimore%2C_MD.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Roger_B._Taney_statue%2C_Mount_Vernon_Place%2C_Baltimore%2C_MD.jpg/330px-Roger_B._Taney_statue%2C_Mount_Vernon_Place%2C_Baltimore%2C_MD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Roger_B._Taney_statue%2C_Mount_Vernon_Place%2C_Baltimore%2C_MD.jpg/440px-Roger_B._Taney_statue%2C_Mount_Vernon_Place%2C_Baltimore%2C_MD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Roger_B._Taney_Monument_(Baltimore)" title="Roger B. Taney Monument (Baltimore)">Roger B. Taney</a></i> statue removed from <a href="/wiki/Mount_Vernon,_Baltimore" title="Mount Vernon, Baltimore">Mount Vernon Place</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a> in August 2017<sup id="cite_ref-Nirappil_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nirappil-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RB_Taney_revenue_80c_1940_issue_R299.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/RB_Taney_revenue_80c_1940_issue_R299.jpg/220px-RB_Taney_revenue_80c_1940_issue_R299.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/RB_Taney_revenue_80c_1940_issue_R299.jpg/330px-RB_Taney_revenue_80c_1940_issue_R299.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/RB_Taney_revenue_80c_1940_issue_R299.jpg/440px-RB_Taney_revenue_80c_1940_issue_R299.jpg 2x" data-file-width="562" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Roger Taney appears on a 1940 <a href="/wiki/Revenue_stamps_of_the_United_States" title="Revenue stamps of the United States">U.S. revenue stamp</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historical_reputation">Historical reputation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_B._Taney&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Historical reputation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After his death, Taney remained a controversial figure. Secretary of the Navy <a href="/wiki/Gideon_Welles" title="Gideon Welles">Gideon Welles</a> spoke for many Northerners when he stated that the <i>Dred Scott</i> decision "forfeited respect for [Taney] as a man or a judge".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006266_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006266-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In early 1865, the House of Representatives passed a bill to appropriate funds for a bust of Chief Justice Taney to be displayed in the Supreme Court alongside those of his four predecessors.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In response, Senator <a href="/wiki/Charles_Sumner" title="Charles Sumner">Charles Sumner</a> of <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> said: </p> <blockquote><p>I speak what cannot be denied when I declare that the opinion of the Chief Justice in the case of <i>Dred Scott</i> was more thoroughly abominable than anything of the kind in the history of courts. Judicial baseness reached its lowest point on that occasion. You have not forgotten that terrible decision where a most unrighteous judgment was sustained by a falsification of history. Of course, the Constitution of the United States and every principle of Liberty was falsified, but historical truth was falsified also.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006268_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006268-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The low point in Taney's reputation came with the 1865 publication of an anonymous sixty-eight-page pamphlet, <i>The Unjust Judge: A Memorial of Roger Brooke Taney</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One scholar speculated in 1964 that Sumner was its author.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/George_Ticknor_Curtis" title="George Ticknor Curtis">George Ticknor Curtis</a>, one of the lawyers who argued before Taney on behalf of Dred Scott, held Taney in high esteem despite his decision in <i>Dred Scott</i>. In a volume of memoirs written for his brother Benjamin Robbins Curtis, George Ticknor Curtis gave the following description of Taney: </p> <blockquote><p>He was indeed a great magistrate, and a man of singular purity of life and character. That there should have been one mistake in a judicial career so long, so exalted, and so useful is only proof of the imperfection of our nature. The reputation of Chief Justice Taney can afford to have anything known that he ever did and still leave a great fund of honor and praise to illustrate his name. If he had never done anything else that was high, heroic, and important, his noble <a href="/wiki/Ex_parte_Merryman" title="Ex parte Merryman">vindication of the writ of <i>habeas corpus</i></a>, and of the dignity and authority of his office, against a rash minister of state, who, in the pride of a fancied executive power, came near to the commission of a great crime, will command the admiration and gratitude of every lover of constitutional liberty, so long as our institutions shall endure.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Biographer James F. Simon writes that "Taney's place in history [is] inextricably bound to his disastrous <i>Dred Scott</i> opinion." Simon argues that Taney's opinion in <i>Dred Scott</i> "abandoned the careful, pragmatic approach to constitutional problems that had been the hallmark of [Taney's] early judicial tenure".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006270–271_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006270–271-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historian Daniel Walker Howe writes that "Taney's blend of state sovereignty, white racism, sympathy with commerce, and concern for social order was typical of Jacksonian jurisprudence."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHowe2007445_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHowe2007445-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Law professor Bernard Schwartz lists Taney as one of the ten greatest Supreme Court justices, writing that "Taney's monumental mistake in <i>Dred Scott</i> should not overshadow his numerous accomplishments on the Court. Taney was second only to Marshall in laying the foundation of our constitutional law."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwartz1995102–103_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwartz1995102–103-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taney's mixed legacy was noted by Justice <a href="/wiki/Antonin_Scalia" title="Antonin Scalia">Antonin Scalia</a> in his dissenting opinion in <i><a href="/wiki/Planned_Parenthood_v._Casey" title="Planned Parenthood v. Casey">Planned Parenthood v. Casey</a></i>: </p> <blockquote><p>There comes vividly to mind a portrait by Emanuel Leutze that hangs in the Harvard Law School: Roger Brooke Taney, painted in 1859, the 82nd year of his life, the 24th of his Chief Justiceship, the second after his opinion in <i>Dred Scott</i>. He is all in black, sitting in a shadowed red armchair, left hand resting upon a pad of paper in his lap, right hand hanging limply, almost lifelessly, beside the inner arm of the chair. He sits facing the viewer, and staring straight out. There seems to be on his face, and in his deep-set eyes, an expression of profound sadness and disillusionment. Perhaps he always looked that way, even when dwelling upon the happiest of thoughts. But those of us who know how the lustre of his great Chief Justiceship came to be eclipsed by <i>Dred Scott</i> cannot help believing that he had that case—its already apparent consequences for the Court and its soon-to-be-played-out consequences for the Nation—burning on his mind.</p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Memorials">Memorials</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_B._Taney&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Memorials"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Taney's home, <a href="/wiki/Taney_Place" title="Taney Place">Taney Place</a>, in Calvert County, Maryland, was listed on the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a> in 1972. Another property owned by Taney, called the <i>Roger Brooke Taney House</i> (although he never lived there), is in <a href="/wiki/Frederick,_Maryland" title="Frederick, Maryland">Frederick, Maryland</a>. The House and its associated outbuildings were sold to a private party in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the past the property was open for tours by appointment and interpreted "the life of Taney and his wife Anne Key (sister of <a href="/wiki/Francis_Scott_Key" title="Francis Scott Key">Francis Scott Key</a>), as well as various aspects of life in early nineteenth century <a href="/wiki/Frederick_County,_Maryland" title="Frederick County, Maryland">Frederick County</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Several places and things have been named for Taney, including <a href="/wiki/Taney_County,_Missouri" title="Taney County, Missouri">Taney County, Missouri</a>, the <a href="/wiki/USCGC_Taney" title="USCGC Taney">USCGC <i>Taney</i> (WPG-37)</a><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (although the ship was later renamed during Taney's de-memorialization),<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Liberty_ship" title="Liberty ship">Liberty ship</a> <a href="/wiki/SS_Roger_B._Taney" title="SS Roger B. Taney">SS <i>Roger B. Taney</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="De-memorialization_due_to_Dred_Scott">De-memorialization due to <i>Dred Scott</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_B._Taney&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: De-memorialization due to Dred Scott"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roger_Taney_Old_Supreme_Court_bust.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Roger_Taney_Old_Supreme_Court_bust.jpg/170px-Roger_Taney_Old_Supreme_Court_bust.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="268" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Roger_Taney_Old_Supreme_Court_bust.jpg/255px-Roger_Taney_Old_Supreme_Court_bust.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Roger_Taney_Old_Supreme_Court_bust.jpg/340px-Roger_Taney_Old_Supreme_Court_bust.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1013" data-file-height="1599" /></a><figcaption>Bust of Taney in the Old Supreme Court Chamber, U.S. Capitol, January 2023, shortly before its removal.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roger_Brooke_Taney_statue,_Annapolis.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Roger_Brooke_Taney_statue%2C_Annapolis.jpg/170px-Roger_Brooke_Taney_statue%2C_Annapolis.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Roger_Brooke_Taney_statue%2C_Annapolis.jpg/255px-Roger_Brooke_Taney_statue%2C_Annapolis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Roger_Brooke_Taney_statue%2C_Annapolis.jpg/340px-Roger_Brooke_Taney_statue%2C_Annapolis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Statue of Taney on the Maryland State House grounds before removal</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1993, the Roger B. Taney Middle School in <a href="/wiki/Temple_Hills,_Maryland" title="Temple Hills, Maryland">Temple Hills, Maryland</a> was renamed for Justice <a href="/wiki/Thurgood_Marshall" title="Thurgood Marshall">Thurgood Marshall</a>, the Supreme Court's first African American justice.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Roger_B._Taney_Monument_(Annapolis)" title="Roger B. Taney Monument (Annapolis)">statue of Taney</a> formerly stood on the grounds of the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_State_House" title="Maryland State House">Maryland State House</a>, but the state of Maryland removed the statue in 2017,<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> two days after Baltimore mayor Catherine Pugh ordered the removal of its replica in Baltimore City.<sup id="cite_ref-Nirappil_71-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nirappil-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2020, in the midst of the <a href="/wiki/George_Floyd_protests" title="George Floyd protests">protests following</a> <a href="/wiki/Murder_of_George_Floyd" title="Murder of George Floyd">the murder</a> of <a href="/wiki/George_Floyd" title="George Floyd">George Floyd</a>, the U.S. House of Representatives eventually voted 305–113 to remove a bust of Taney (as well as statues honoring figures who were part of the Confederacy during the Civil War) from the U.S. Capitol and replace it with a bust of Justice Thurgood Marshall, who was a champion of civil rights. The bill called for removal of Taney's bust within 30 days after the law's passage. The bust had been mounted in the old robing room adjacent to the <a href="/wiki/Old_Supreme_Court_Chamber" title="Old Supreme Court Chamber">Old Supreme Court Chamber</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol" title="United States Capitol">Capitol Building</a>. The bill (H.R. 7573<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) also created a "process to obtain a bust of Marshall ... and place it there within a minimum of two years".<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the bill reached the Republican-led Senate (S.4382), it was referred to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Rules_and_Administration" title="United States Senate Committee on Rules and Administration">Committee on Rules and Administration</a>, but no further action on it was taken.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On June 29, 2021, the U.S. House of Representatives passed a resolution 285 to 120 with sixty-seven Republican Representatives to replace the bust with one of Thurgood Marshall and expel Confederate statues from the U.S. Capitol.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On February 9, 2023, the bust of Roger Taney was officially removed from the United States Capitol Building in Washington, D.C., thanks to an effort led by Maryland Democratic Senators Ben Cardin and Chris Van Hollen, as well as Maryland Democratic Representative Steny Hoyer. The removed statue is to be replaced by a new work of art honoring Justice Thurgood Marshall.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_B._Taney&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/United_states_confederate_flag_hybrid.png/42px-United_states_confederate_flag_hybrid.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/United_states_confederate_flag_hybrid.png/56px-United_states_confederate_flag_hybrid.png 2x" data-file-width="1875" data-file-height="1875" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:American_Civil_War" title="Portal:American Civil War">American Civil War portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balance,_by_David.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/30px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/46px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png 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title="Dual federalism">Dual federalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_justices_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="List of justices of the Supreme Court of the United States">List of justices of the Supreme Court of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origins_of_the_American_Civil_War" title="Origins of the American Civil War">Origins of the American Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_the_Taney_Court" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Taney Court">United States Supreme Court cases during the Taney Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_federal_judges_by_longevity_of_service" title="List of United States federal judges by longevity of service">List of United States federal judges by longevity of service</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_B._Taney&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBunson2017" class="citation news cs1">Bunson, Matthew (March 20, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncregister.com/daily-news/catholics-and-the-supreme-court">"Catholics and the Supreme Court"</a>. National Catholic Register. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181110080247/http://www.ncregister.com/daily-news/catholics-and-the-supreme-court">Archived</a> from the original on November 10, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 8,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Catholics+and+the+Supreme+Court&rft.date=2017-03-20&rft.aulast=Bunson&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncregister.com%2Fdaily-news%2Fcatholics-and-the-supreme-court&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHall1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kermit_L._Hall" title="Kermit L. Hall">Hall, Kermit</a> (1992). <i>Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. p. 889. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780195176612" title="Special:BookSources/9780195176612"><bdi>9780195176612</bdi></a>. <q>American legal and constitutional scholars consider the Dred Scott decision to be the worst ever rendered by the Supreme Court. Historians have abundantly documented its role in crystallizing attitudes that led to war. Taney's opinion stands as a model of censurable judicial craft and failed judicial statesmanship.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Oxford+Companion+to+the+Supreme+Court+of+the+United+States&rft.pages=889&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=9780195176612&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Kermit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUrofsky2023" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Melvin_I._Urofsky" title="Melvin I. Urofsky">Urofsky, Melvin</a> (January 5, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/event/Dred-Scott-decision">"Dred Scott decision | Definition, History, Summary, Significance, & Facts | Britannica"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 3,</span> 2023</span>. <q>Among constitutional scholars, Scott v. Sandford is widely considered the worst decision ever rendered by the Supreme Court. It has been cited in particular as the most egregious example in the court's history of wrongly imposing a judicial solution on a political problem. A later chief justice, Charles Evans Hughes, famously characterized the decision as the court's great "self-inflicted wound."<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Dred+Scott+decision+%7C+Definition%2C+History%2C+Summary%2C+Significance%2C+%26+Facts+%7C+Britannica&rft.date=2023-01-05&rft.aulast=Urofsky&rft.aufirst=Melvin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fevent%2FDred-Scott-decision&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaff2015" class="citation web cs1">Staff (October 14, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.findlaw.com/supreme_court/2015/10/13-worst-supreme-court-decisions-of-all-time.html">"13 Worst Supreme Court Decisions of All Time"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/FindLaw" title="FindLaw">FindLaw</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 10,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FindLaw&rft.atitle=13+Worst+Supreme+Court+Decisions+of+All+Time&rft.date=2015-10-14&rft.au=Staff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.findlaw.com%2Fsupreme_court%2F2015%2F10%2F13-worst-supreme-court-decisions-of-all-time.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.dickinson.edu/people/roger-brooke-taney-1777-1864">"Roger Brooke Taney"</a>. <i>Dickinson College Archives and Special Collections</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 29,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dickinson+College+Archives+and+Special+Collections&rft.atitle=Roger+Brooke+Taney&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchives.dickinson.edu%2Fpeople%2Froger-brooke-taney-1777-1864&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon20065–7-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon20065–7_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, pp. 5–7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=1844&year-max=1844&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced">"APS Member History"</a>. <i>search.amphilsoc.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210412143527/https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=1844&year-max=1844&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced">Archived</a> from the original on April 12, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 12,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=search.amphilsoc.org&rft.atitle=APS+Member+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsearch.amphilsoc.org%2Fmemhist%2Fsearch%3Fcreator%3D%26title%3D%26subject%3D%26subdiv%3D%26mem%3D%26year%3D1844%26year-max%3D1844%26dead%3D%26keyword%3D%26smode%3Dadvanced&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon20068-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon20068_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, p. 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200695–97-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200695–97_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, pp. 95–97.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon20067–9-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon20067–9_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, pp. 7–9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200612–13-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200612–13_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, pp. 12–13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200614-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200614_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, p. 14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchumacher1998" class="citation web cs1">Schumacher, Alvin J. (July 20, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Roger-B-Taney">"Roger B. Taney"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_Britannica" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopedia Britannica">Encyclopedia Britannica</a></i>. <q>Taney, a deeply religious Roman Catholic, considered slavery an evil. He had freed the slaves he had inherited before he came to the Supreme Court. It was his belief, however, that slavery was a problem to be resolved gradually and chiefly by the states in which it existed.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Roger+B.+Taney&rft.date=1998-07-20&rft.aulast=Schumacher&rft.aufirst=Alvin+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FRoger-B-Taney&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cath-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cath_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcNeal1913" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">McNeal, J. P. W. (1913). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Roger_Brooke_Taney" class="extiw" title="s:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Roger Brooke Taney">Roger Brooke Taney</a>". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>. New York: Robert Appleton Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Roger+Brooke+Taney&rft.btitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rft.date=1913&rft.aulast=McNeal&rft.aufirst=J.+P.+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span>"Early in life he manumitted the slaves inherited from his father, and as long as they lived, he provided for the older ones by monthly pensions".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:3_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPinkster2020" class="citation web cs1">Pinkster, Matthew (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://housedivided.dickinson.edu/sites/slavery/people/roger-taney/">"Roger Taney, Dickinson and Slavery"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dickinson_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Dickinson University">Dickinson University</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 29,</span> 2022</span>. <q>Originally from Maryland, Taney had been a slaveholder until he emancipated his own slaves in 1818. But the Border State judge considered himself a nationalist above all else, and angrily blamed abolitionists for ripping the country apart.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dickinson+University&rft.atitle=Roger+Taney%2C+Dickinson+and+Slavery&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Pinkster&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhousedivided.dickinson.edu%2Fsites%2Fslavery%2Fpeople%2Froger-taney%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHuebner2009" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Timothy_S._Huebner" title="Timothy S. Huebner">Huebner, Timothy S.</a> (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mtsu.edu:8443/first-amendment/article/43/state-v-gruber-md-cty-ct">"State v. Gruber (Md., Cty. Ct.) (1819)"</a>. <i>The First Amendment Encyclopedia</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+First+Amendment+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=State+v.+Gruber+%28Md.%2C+Cty.+Ct.%29+%281819%29&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Huebner&rft.aufirst=Timothy+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mtsu.edu%3A8443%2Ffirst-amendment%2Farticle%2F43%2Fstate-v-gruber-md-cty-ct&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHuebner201017–38-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHuebner201017–38_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHuebner2010">Huebner 2010</a>, pp. 17–38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECole199384–86-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECole199384–86_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCole1993">Cole 1993</a>, pp. 84–86.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Claude_G._Bowers" title="Claude G. 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Bowers</a>, <i>The Party Battles of the Jackson Period</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/72299/pg72299-images.html">p.129</a> (<a href="/wiki/Houghton_Mifflin_Harcourt" title="Houghton Mifflin Harcourt">Houghton Mifflin Co.</a> 1922) (retrieved Jun. 29, 2024)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200615–17-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200615–17_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, pp. 15–17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHowe2007441-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHowe2007441_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHowe2007">Howe 2007</a>, p. 441.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200619–20-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200619–20_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, pp. 19–20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHowe2007387-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHowe2007387_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHowe2007">Howe 2007</a>, p. 387.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200621–22-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200621–22_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, pp. 21–22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200622–23-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200622–23_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, pp. 22–23.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHowe2007392–393-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHowe2007392–393_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHowe2007">Howe 2007</a>, pp. 392–393.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200624-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200624_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, p. 24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NommUSS-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NommUSS_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/briefing/Nominations.htm#4">"Nominations"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 11,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nominations&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=Office+of+the+Secretary%2C+United+States+Senate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.senate.gov%2Fartandhistory%2Fhistory%2Fcommon%2Fbriefing%2FNominations.htm%234&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200624–26-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200624–26_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, pp. 24–26.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200627–29-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200627–29_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, pp. 27–29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200635–36-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200635–36_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, pp. 35–36.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200629–32-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200629–32_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, pp. 29–32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200633–34-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200633–34_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, pp. 33–34.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite><i>Mayor of the City of New York v. Miln</i></cite>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-supreme-court/36/102.html">36 US 102</a> (1837).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHuebner200374-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHuebner200374_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHuebner2003">Huebner 2003</a>, p. 74.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200636–37-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200636–37_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, pp. 36–37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwartz1995103–104-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwartz1995103–104_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchwartz1995">Schwartz 1995</a>, pp. 103–104.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite><i><a href="/wiki/Luther_v._Borden" title="Luther v. Borden">Luther v. Borden</a></i></cite>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-supreme-court/48/1.html">48 US 1</a> (1849).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite><i>The Propeller Genesee Chief v. Fitzhugh</i></cite>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-supreme-court/53/443.html">53 US 443</a>, 453 (1851).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200690–91-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200690–91_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, pp. 90–91.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200693–94-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200693–94_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, pp. 93–94.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200694-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200694_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, p. 94.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon200698–100-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon200698–100_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, pp. 98–100.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcPherson2003172-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcPherson2003172_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcPherson2003">McPherson 2003</a>, p. 172.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006102–105-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006102–105_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, pp. 102–105.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McPherson171174-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-McPherson171174_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McPherson171174_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcPherson2003">McPherson 2003</a>, pp. 171–174</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006117–120-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006117–120_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, pp. 117–120.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFErlich2007" class="citation book cs1">Erlich, Walter (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3HUDVbRUu4UC&pg=PA143"><i>They Have No Rights</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 5,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Slavery+Ends+in+Maryland%3A+November+1%2C+1864&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.aulast=Shaffer&rft.aufirst=Donald+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcwemancipation.wordpress.com%2F2014%2F11%2F01%2Fslavery-ends-in-maryland-november-1-1864%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-American_Heritage-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-American_Heritage_66-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDamon" class="citation web cs1">Damon, Allan L. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanheritage.com/supreme-court#3">"A look at the Record - The Supreme Court"</a>. <i>www.americanheritage.com</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 17,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Baltimore+hauls+away+four+Confederate+monuments+after+overnight+removal&rft.date=2017-08-16&rft.aulast=Nirappil&rft.aufirst=Fenit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Famphtml%2Flocal%2Fmd-politics%2Fbaltimore-begins-taking-down-confederate-statues%2F2017%2F08%2F16%2Ff32aa26e-8265-11e7-b359-15a3617c767b_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006266-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006266_72-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, p. 266.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/artifact/Sculpture_21_00018.htm">"Art and History: Roger B. Taney"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170902075832/https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/artifact/Sculpture_21_00018.htm">Archived</a> from the original on September 2, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 16,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+States+Senate&rft.atitle=Art+and+History%3A+Roger+B.+Taney&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.senate.gov%2Fartandhistory%2Fart%2Fartifact%2FSculpture_21_00018.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKonigFinkelmanBracey2014" class="citation book cs1">Konig, David Thomas; Finkelman, Paul; Bracey, Christopher Alan (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kO1HBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA228"><i>The Dred Scott Case: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives on Race and Law</i></a>. Ohio University Press. p. 228. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780821443286" title="Special:BookSources/9780821443286"><bdi>9780821443286</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Dred+Scott+Case%3A+Historical+and+Contemporary+Perspectives+on+Race+and+Law&rft.pages=228&rft.pub=Ohio+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9780821443286&rft.aulast=Konig&rft.aufirst=David+Thomas&rft.au=Finkelman%2C+Paul&rft.au=Bracey%2C+Christopher+Alan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkO1HBAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA228&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006268-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006268_75-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, p. 268.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHuebner2015" class="citation journal cs1">Huebner, Timothy S. (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fjsch.12081">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"The Unjust Judge": Roger B. Taney, the Slave Power, and the Meaning of Emancipation"</a>. <i>Journal of Supreme Court History</i>. <b>40</b> (3): 249–262. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fjsch.12081">10.1111/jsch.12081</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:143192028">143192028</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Supreme+Court+History&rft.atitle=%22The+Unjust+Judge%22%3A+Roger+B.+Taney%2C+the+Slave+Power%2C+and+the+Meaning+of+Emancipation&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=249-262&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fjsch.12081&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A143192028%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Huebner&rft.aufirst=Timothy+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1111%252Fjsch.12081&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span>, quotation on p. 257.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLewis1964" class="citation journal cs1">Lewis, Walker (October 1964). "<i>The Unjust Judge:</i> Who Wrote It?". <i>American Bar Association Journal</i>. <b>50</b> (10): 932–937. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25722968">25722968</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Bar+Association+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Unjust+Judge%3A+Who+Wrote+It%3F&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=932-937&rft.date=1964-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F25722968%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Walker&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCurtis2002" class="citation book cs1">Curtis, Benjamin R., ed. (2002) [1879]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=k1Z2VHXWXoMC&pg=PA239"><i>A Memoir of Benjamin Robbins Curtis, LL.D. with some of his Professional and Miscellaneous Writings, Vol. I</i></a>. The Lawbook Exchange. pp. 239–240. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58477-235-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-58477-235-2"><bdi>1-58477-235-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211108184632/https://books.google.com/books?id=k1Z2VHXWXoMC&pg=PA239">Archived</a> from the original on November 8, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 23,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Memoir+of+Benjamin+Robbins+Curtis%2C+LL.D.+with+some+of+his+Professional+and+Miscellaneous+Writings%2C+Vol.+I&rft.pages=239-240&rft.pub=The+Lawbook+Exchange&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=1-58477-235-2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dk1Z2VHXWXoMC%26pg%3DPA239&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2006270–271-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2006270–271_79-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2006">Simon 2006</a>, pp. 270–271.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHowe2007445-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHowe2007445_80-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHowe2007">Howe 2007</a>, p. 445.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwartz1995102–103-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwartz1995102–103_81-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchwartz1995">Schwartz 1995</a>, pp. 102–103.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.longandfoster.com/homes-for-sale/121-S-Bentz-Street-Frederick-MD-21701-313669500">"121 S Bentz Street, Frederick, MD 21701 | MLS MDFR277060 | Listing Information | Long & Foster"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210509025105/https://www.longandfoster.com/homes-for-sale/121-S-Bentz-Street-Frederick-MD-21701-313669500">Archived</a> from the original on May 9, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 8,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=121+S+Bentz+Street%2C+Frederick%2C+MD+21701+%7C+MLS+MDFR277060+%7C+Listing+Information+%7C+Long+%26+Foster&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.longandfoster.com%2Fhomes-for-sale%2F121-S-Bentz-Street-Frederick-MD-21701-313669500&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.visitfrederick.org/listing/roger-brooke-taney-house/163/">"Roger Brooke Taney House"</a>. <i>VisitFrederick</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190402190246/https://www.visitfrederick.org/listing/roger-brooke-taney-house/163/">Archived</a> from the original on April 2, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 2,</span> 2019</span>. <q>The site, including the family's living quarters, a summer kitchen and slaves' quarters, interprets the life of Taney and various aspects of middle class life in early nineteenth century Frederick County. The Roger Brooke Taney House is not open to the public. The exterior can be viewed from the street, but visitors will not be able to enter the house. Groups may contact Heritage Frederick for tours by appointment.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=VisitFrederick&rft.atitle=Roger+Brooke+Taney+House&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.visitfrederick.org%2Flisting%2Froger-brooke-taney-house%2F163%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hsfcinfo.org/taney/">"Roger Brooke Taney House : General Information"</a>. Historical Society of Frederick County. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151208220738/http://www.hsfcinfo.org/taney/">Archived</a> from the original on December 8, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 23,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Roger+Brooke+Taney+House+%3A+General+Information&rft.pub=Historical+Society+of+Frederick+County&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hsfcinfo.org%2Ftaney%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/t/taney-ii.html">"Taney II (Coast Guard Cutter No. 68)"</a>. <i>Naval History and Heritage Command</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181110040358/https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/t/taney-ii.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 10, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 27,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Naval+History+and+Heritage+Command&rft.atitle=Taney+II+%28Coast+Guard+Cutter+No.+68%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.navy.mil%2Fresearch%2Fhistories%2Fship-histories%2Fdanfs%2Ft%2Ftaney-ii.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKesling2020" class="citation news cs1">Kesling, Ben (July 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/historic-coast-guard-ship-taney-to-be-renamed-11593604801">"Historic Coast Guard Ship 'Taney' to Be Renamed"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Journal">Wall Street Journal</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200724170547/https://www.wsj.com/articles/historic-coast-guard-ship-taney-to-be-renamed-11593604801">Archived</a> from the original on July 24, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Historic+Coast+Guard+Ship+%27Taney%27+to+Be+Renamed&rft.date=2020-07&rft.aulast=Kesling&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fhistoric-coast-guard-ship-taney-to-be-renamed-11593604801&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Maryland in World War II.: Military participation</i>. <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Historical_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Maryland Historical Society">Maryland Historical Society</a>. 1950. p. 360.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Maryland+in+World+War+II.%3A+Military+participation&rft.pages=360&rft.pub=Maryland+Historical+Society&rft.date=1950&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeff1993" class="citation news cs1">Leff, Lisa (March 5, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1993/03/05/pg-county-replaces-taney-with-marshall/692ecbb7-5b37-48de-b9dc-c7d61121895b/">"P.G. County Replaces Taney With Marshall"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Washington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Post">Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180117011919/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1993/03/05/pg-county-replaces-taney-with-marshall/692ecbb7-5b37-48de-b9dc-c7d61121895b/">Archived</a> from the original on January 17, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 27,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=P.G.+County+Replaces+Taney+With+Marshall&rft.date=1993-03-05&rft.aulast=Leff&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Flocal%2F1993%2F03%2F05%2Fpg-county-replaces-taney-with-marshall%2F692ecbb7-5b37-48de-b9dc-c7d61121895b%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWitte2017" class="citation news cs1">Witte, Brian (August 18, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.yahoo.com/news/maryland-removes-dredd-scott-ruling-authors-statue-065413237.html">"Maryland removes Dred Scott ruling author's statue"</a>. Associated Press. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170818175821/https://www.yahoo.com/news/maryland-removes-dredd-scott-ruling-authors-statue-065413237.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 18, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 18,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Maryland+removes+Dred+Scott+ruling+author%27s+statue&rft.date=2017-08-18&rft.aulast=Witte&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.yahoo.com%2Fnews%2Fmaryland-removes-dredd-scott-ruling-authors-statue-065413237.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/7573">"H.R.7573 - To direct the Joint Committee on the Library to replace the bust of Roger Brooke Taney in the Old Supreme Court Chamber of the United States Capitol with a bust of Thurgood Marshall to be obtained by the Joint Committee on the Library and to remove certain statues from areas of the United States Capitol which are accessible to the public, to remove all statues of individuals who voluntarily served the Confederate States of America from display in the United States Capitol, and for other purposes"</a>. United States Congress. July 22, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201101145843/https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/7573">Archived</a> from the original on November 1, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=H.R.7573+-+To+direct+the+Joint+Committee+on+the+Library+to+replace+the+bust+of+Roger+Brooke+Taney+in+the+Old+Supreme+Court+Chamber+of+the+United+States+Capitol+with+a+bust+of+Thurgood+Marshall+to+be+obtained+by+the+Joint+Committee+on+the+Library+and+to+remove+certain+statues+from+areas+of+the+United+States+Capitol+which+are+accessible+to+the+public%2C+to+remove+all+statues+of+individuals+who+voluntarily+served+the+Confederate+States+of+America+from+display+in+the+United+States+Capitol%2C+and+for+other+purposes.&rft.pub=United+States+Congress&rft.date=2020-07-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.congress.gov%2Fbill%2F116th-congress%2Fhouse-bill%2F7573&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalsh2020" class="citation news cs1">Walsh, Deirdre (July 22, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2020/07/22/894165717/house-poised-to-pass-bill-removing-confederate-statues-from-capitol">"House Passes Bill Removing Confederate Statues, Other Figures From Capitol"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200723074142/https://www.npr.org/2020/07/22/894165717/house-poised-to-pass-bill-removing-confederate-statues-from-capitol">Archived</a> from the original on July 23, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=House+Passes+Bill+Removing+Confederate+Statues%2C+Other+Figures+From+Capitol&rft.date=2020-07-22&rft.aulast=Walsh&rft.aufirst=Deirdre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2020%2F07%2F22%2F894165717%2Fhouse-poised-to-pass-bill-removing-confederate-statues-from-capitol&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/116/s4382/text">"S. 4382: A bill to direct the Joint Committee on the Library to replace the bust of Roger Brooke Taney in the Old Supreme Court Chamber of the Capitol with a bust of Thurgood Marshall to be obtained by the Joint Committee on the Library and to remove certain statues from areas of the Capitol which are accessible to the public, to remove all statues of individuals who voluntarily served the Confederate States of America from display in the Capitol, and for other purposes"</a>. <i>govtrack.us</i>. July 30, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210202144448/https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/116/s4382/text">Archived</a> from the original on February 2, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=govtrack.us&rft.atitle=S.+4382%3A+A+bill+to+direct+the+Joint+Committee+on+the+Library+to+replace+the+bust+of+Roger+Brooke+Taney+in+the+Old+Supreme+Court+Chamber+of+the+Capitol+with+a+bust+of+Thurgood+Marshall+to+be+obtained+by+the+Joint+Committee+on+the+Library+and+to+remove+certain+statues+from+areas+of+the+Capitol+which+are+accessible+to+the+public%2C+to+remove+all+statues+of+individuals+who+voluntarily+served+the+Confederate+States+of+America+from+display+in+the+Capitol%2C+and+for+other+purposes.&rft.date=2020-07-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.govtrack.us%2Fcongress%2Fbills%2F116%2Fs4382%2Ftext&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlex_Rogers2021" class="citation web cs1">Alex Rogers (June 29, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/06/29/politics/house-vote-confederate-statues/index.html">"House votes to remove Confederate statues"</a>. <i>CNN</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210630033757/https://www.cnn.com/2021/06/29/politics/house-vote-confederate-statues/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 30, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=House+votes+to+remove+Confederate+statues&rft.date=2021-06-29&rft.au=Alex+Rogers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2021%2F06%2F29%2Fpolitics%2Fhouse-vote-confederate-statues%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://royalexaminer.com/statue-of-notorious-dred-scott-justice-removed-from-capitol/">State of Notorious Dred Scott Justice removed from Capitol</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_B._Taney&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 60em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbraham1992" class="citation book cs1">Abraham, Henry J. (1992). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/justicespresiden0000abra"><i>Justices and Presidents: A Political History of Appointments to the Supreme Court</i></a></span> (3rd ed.). New York: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-506557-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-506557-3"><bdi>0-19-506557-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Justices+and+Presidents%3A+A+Political+History+of+Appointments+to+the+Supreme+Court&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=0-19-506557-3&rft.aulast=Abraham&rft.aufirst=Henry+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fjusticespresiden0000abra&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAllen2010" class="citation book cs1">Allen, Austin (2010). <i>Origins of the Dred Scott Case: Jacksonian Jurisprudence and the Supreme Court, 1837–1857</i>. University of Georgia Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780820336640" title="Special:BookSources/9780820336640"><bdi>9780820336640</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Origins+of+the+Dred+Scott+Case%3A+Jacksonian+Jurisprudence+and+the+Supreme+Court%2C+1837%E2%80%931857&rft.pub=University+of+Georgia+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9780820336640&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=Austin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCole1993" class="citation book cs1">Cole, Donald B. (1993). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/presidencyofandr0000cole"><i>The Presidency of Andrew Jackson</i></a></span>. University Press of Kansas. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7006-0600-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-7006-0600-9"><bdi>0-7006-0600-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Presidency+of+Andrew+Jackson&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kansas&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=0-7006-0600-9&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=Donald+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpresidencyofandr0000cole&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCushman2001" class="citation book cs1">Cushman, Clare (2001). <i>The Supreme Court Justices: Illustrated Biographies, 1789–1995</i> (2nd ed.). (Supreme Court Historical Society, <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Quarterly" title="Congressional Quarterly">Congressional Quarterly</a> Books). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56802-126-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-56802-126-7"><bdi>1-56802-126-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Supreme+Court+Justices%3A+Illustrated+Biographies%2C+1789%E2%80%931995&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=%28Supreme+Court+Historical+Society%2C+Congressional+Quarterly+Books%29&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-56802-126-7&rft.aulast=Cushman&rft.aufirst=Clare&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFinkelman2018" class="citation book cs1">Finkelman, Paul (2018). <i>Supreme Injustice: Slavery in the Nation's Highest Court</i>. Harvard University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780674051218" title="Special:BookSources/9780674051218"><bdi>9780674051218</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Supreme+Injustice%3A+Slavery+in+the+Nation%27s+Highest+Court&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9780674051218&rft.aulast=Finkelman&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlanders1874" class="citation book cs1">Flanders, Henry (1874). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_eEQEAAAAYAAJ"><i>The Lives and Times of the Chief Justices of the United States Supreme Court</i></a>. Philadelphia: <a href="/wiki/J._B._Lippincott_%26_Co." title="J. B. Lippincott & Co.">J. B. Lippincott & Co.</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Lives+and+Times+of+the+Chief+Justices+of+the+United+States+Supreme+Court&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.pub=J.+B.+Lippincott+%26+Co.&rft.date=1874&rft.aulast=Flanders&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbub_gb_eEQEAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrank1995" class="citation book cs1">Frank, John P. (1995). Friedman, Leon; Israel, Fred L. (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/justicesofunited0000unse"><i>The Justices of the United States Supreme Court: Their Lives and Major Opinions</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Chelsea_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Chelsea House">Chelsea House</a> Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7910-1377-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-7910-1377-4"><bdi>0-7910-1377-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Justices+of+the+United+States+Supreme+Court%3A+Their+Lives+and+Major+Opinions&rft.pub=Chelsea+House+Publishers&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-7910-1377-4&rft.aulast=Frank&rft.aufirst=John+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fjusticesofunited0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHall1992" class="citation book cs1">Hall, Kermit L., ed. (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont00hall"><i>The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States</i></a>. New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-505835-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-505835-6"><bdi>0-19-505835-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Companion+to+the+Supreme+Court+of+the+United+States&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=0-19-505835-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foxfordcompaniont00hall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHowe2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Walker_Howe" title="Daniel Walker Howe">Howe, Daniel Walker</a> (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/whathathgodwroug00howe"><i>What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815–1848</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-507894-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-507894-7"><bdi>978-0-19-507894-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=What+Hath+God+Wrought%3A+The+Transformation+of+America%2C+1815%E2%80%931848&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-19-507894-7&rft.aulast=Howe&rft.aufirst=Daniel+Walker&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwhathathgodwroug00howe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHuebner2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Timothy_S._Huebner" title="Timothy S. Huebner">Huebner, Timothy S.</a> (2003). <i>The Taney Court, Justice Rulings and Legacy</i>. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-Clio. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57607-368-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-57607-368-8"><bdi>1-57607-368-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Taney+Court%2C+Justice+Rulings+and+Legacy&rft.place=Santa+Barbara%2C+CA&rft.pub=ABC-Clio&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1-57607-368-8&rft.aulast=Huebner&rft.aufirst=Timothy+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHuebner2010" class="citation journal cs1">——— (2010). "Roger Taney and the Slavery Issue: Looking Beyond—and Before—<i>Dred Scott</i>". <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_American_History" class="mw-redirect" title="Journal of American History">Journal of American History</a></i>. <b>97</b> (1): 39–62. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2Fjahist%2F97.1.17">10.2307/jahist/97.1.17</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40662816">40662816</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+American+History&rft.atitle=Roger+Taney+and+the+Slavery+Issue%3A+Looking+Beyond%E2%80%94and+Before%E2%80%94Dred+Scott&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=39-62&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2Fjahist%2F97.1.17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40662816%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Huebner&rft.aufirst=Timothy+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKahan2016" class="citation book cs1">Kahan, Paul (2016). <i>The Bank War: Andrew Jackson, Nicholas Biddle, and the Fight for American Finance</i>. <a href="/wiki/Yardley,_Pennsylvania" title="Yardley, Pennsylvania">Yardley, PA</a>: Westholme Publishing. pp. 83–130. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1594162343" title="Special:BookSources/978-1594162343"><bdi>978-1594162343</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bank+War%3A+Andrew+Jackson%2C+Nicholas+Biddle%2C+and+the+Fight+for+American+Finance&rft.place=Yardley%2C+PA&rft.pages=83-130&rft.pub=Westholme+Publishing&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1594162343&rft.aulast=Kahan&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLewis1965" class="citation book cs1">Lewis, Walker (1965). <i>Without Fear or Favor: A Biography of Chief Justice Roger Brooke Taney</i>. <a href="/wiki/Houghton_Mifflin" class="mw-redirect" title="Houghton Mifflin">Houghton Mifflin</a>. <a href="/wiki/ASIN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ASIN (identifier)">ASIN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0006D6Y2E">B0006D6Y2E</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Without+Fear+or+Favor%3A+A+Biography+of+Chief+Justice+Roger+Brooke+Taney&rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin&rft.date=1965&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2Fdp%2FB0006D6Y2E%23id-name%3DASIN&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Walker&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcPherson2003" class="citation book cs1">McPherson, James M. (2003). <i>Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era</i> (Illustrated ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199743902" title="Special:BookSources/9780199743902"><bdi>9780199743902</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Battle+Cry+of+Freedom%3A+The+Civil+War+Era&rft.edition=Illustrated&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9780199743902&rft.aulast=McPherson&rft.aufirst=James+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRemini1967" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_V._Remini" title="Robert V. Remini">Remini, Robert V.</a> (1967). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/andrewjacksonban00remi"><i>Andrew Jackson and the Bank War</i></a>. New York: <a href="/wiki/W._W._Norton_%26_Company" title="W. W. Norton & Company">W. W. Norton & Company</a>. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/andrewjacksonban00remi/page/111">111–172</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0393097573" title="Special:BookSources/978-0393097573"><bdi>978-0393097573</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Andrew+Jackson+and+the+Bank+War&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=111-172&rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton+%26+Company&rft.date=1967&rft.isbn=978-0393097573&rft.aulast=Remini&rft.aufirst=Robert+V.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fandrewjacksonban00remi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchwartz1995" class="citation journal cs1">Schwartz, Bernard (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitalcommons.law.utulsa.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2025&context=tlr">"Supreme Court Superstars: The Ten Greatest Justices"</a>. <i>Tulsa Law Review</i>. <b>31</b> (1): 93–159. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181110080246/https://digitalcommons.law.utulsa.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2025&context=tlr">Archived</a> from the original on November 10, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 9,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tulsa+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Supreme+Court+Superstars%3A+The+Ten+Greatest+Justices&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=93-159&rft.date=1995&rft.aulast=Schwartz&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigitalcommons.law.utulsa.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D2025%26context%3Dtlr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimon2006" class="citation book cs1">Simon, James F. (2006). <i>Lincoln and Chief Justice Taney: Slavery, Secession, and the President's War Powers</i>. <a href="/wiki/Simon_%26_Schuster" title="Simon & Schuster">Simon & Schuster</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-5032-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-5032-0"><bdi>978-0-7432-5032-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lincoln+and+Chief+Justice+Taney%3A+Slavery%2C+Secession%2C+and+the+President%27s+War+Powers&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-7432-5032-0&rft.aulast=Simon&rft.aufirst=James+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSwisher1935" class="citation book cs1">Swisher, Carl B. (1935). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/rogerbtaney0000swis_z5y7"><i>Roger B. Taney</i></a></span>. Macmillan. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/71254704">71254704</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Roger+B.+Taney&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1935&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F71254704&rft.aulast=Swisher&rft.aufirst=Carl+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Frogerbtaney0000swis_z5y7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUrofsky1994" class="citation book cs1">Urofsky, Melvin I. (1994). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/supremecourtjust00melv"><i>The Supreme Court Justices: A Biographical Dictionary</i></a></span>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Garland_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Garland Publishing">Garland Publishing</a>. p. 590. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8153-1176-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-8153-1176-1"><bdi>0-8153-1176-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Supreme+Court+Justices%3A+A+Biographical+Dictionary&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=590&rft.pub=Garland+Publishing&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-8153-1176-1&rft.aulast=Urofsky&rft.aufirst=Melvin+I.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsupremecourtjust00melv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVanBurkleo,_Sandra_F.Speck,_Bonnie2000" class="citation book cs1">VanBurkleo, Sandra F.; Speck, Bonnie (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.anb.org/view/10.1093/anb/9780198606697.001.0001/anb-9780198606697-e-1100834"><i>Taney, Roger Brooke</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fanb%2F9780198606697.article.1100834">10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1100834</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-860669-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-860669-7"><bdi>978-0-19-860669-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181110080320/http://www.anb.org/view/10.1093/anb/9780198606697.001.0001/anb-9780198606697-e-1100834">Archived</a> from the original on November 10, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 6,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Taney%2C+Roger+Brooke&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fanb%2F9780198606697.article.1100834&rft.isbn=978-0-19-860669-7&rft.au=VanBurkleo%2C+Sandra+F.&rft.au=Speck%2C+Bonnie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.anb.org%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Fanb%2F9780198606697.001.0001%2Fanb-9780198606697-e-1100834&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|website=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_B._Taney&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEllis1865" class="citation news cs1">Ellis, Charles M. (February 1865). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1865/02/roger-b-taney-the-leviathan-of-slavery/387241/">"Roger B. Taney and the Leviathan of Slavery"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic">The Atlantic</a></i>. <q>Falsifying history; setting above the Constitution the most odious theory of tyranny, long before exploded; scoffing at the rules of justice and sentiments of humanity, he tied in a knot those cords which must end the life of his country or be burst in revolution.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=Roger+B.+Taney+and+the+Leviathan+of+Slavery&rft.date=1865-02&rft.aulast=Ellis&rft.aufirst=Charles+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fmagazine%2Farchive%2F1865%2F02%2Froger-b-taney-the-leviathan-of-slavery%2F387241%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+B.+Taney" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_B._Taney&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fjc.gov/node/1388556">Roger Brooke Taney</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_Federal_Judges" title="Biographical Directory of Federal Judges">Biographical Directory of Federal Judges</a></i>, a publication of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Judicial_Center" title="Federal Judicial Center">Federal Judicial Center</a>.</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Roger_B._Taney" class="extiw" title="commons:Roger B. 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Taney</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original works by or about:<br /><b style="text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Roger_Brooke_Taney" class="extiw" title="s:Author:Roger Brooke Taney">Roger B. Taney</a></i></b></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Roger_B._Taney" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Roger B. Taney">Roger B. Taney</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2011/07/anne-key.html">Anne Key</a>, Wife Of Chief Justice Roger B. Taney</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://supreme.lp.findlaw.com/supreme_court/justices/pastjustices/taney.html">Biography from FindLaw</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wnet/supremecourt/democracy/robes_taney.html">Fox, John, <i>Capitalism and Conflict, Biographies of the Robes, Roger Taney.</i></a> <a href="/wiki/Public_Broadcasting_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Broadcasting Service">Public Broadcasting Service</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyez_Project" title="Oyez Project">Oyez.org</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oyez.org/justices/roger_b_taney/">Supreme Court media on Roger B. Taney.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rogerbrooketaney.org">Roger Brooke Taney Home/Museum in Frederick, MD</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://reader.library.cornell.edu/docviewer/digital?id=may855401#page/3/mode/1up">The Unjust Judge</a> digitized copy from Cornell University</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #DDCEF2;">Legal offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Kell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Kell (page does not exist)">Thomas Kell</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Maryland" title="Attorney General of Maryland">Attorney General of Maryland</a> </b><br />1827–1831 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Josiah_Bayly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Josiah Bayly (page does not exist)">Josiah Bayly</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Macpherson_Berrien" class="mw-redirect" title="John Macpherson Berrien">John Macpherson Berrien</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">United States Attorney General</a> </b><br />1831–1833 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_Butler_(lawyer)" title="Benjamin Franklin Butler (lawyer)">Benjamin Butler</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Marshall" title="John Marshall">John Marshall</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_United_States" title="Chief Justice of the United States">Chief Justice of the United States</a> </b><br />1836–1864 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Salmon_P._Chase" title="Salmon P. Chase">Salmon Chase</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Eaton_(politician)" title="John Eaton (politician)">John Eaton</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">United States Secretary of War</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Acting</span> </b><br />1831 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Cass" title="Lewis Cass">Lewis Cass</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/William_J._Duane" title="William J. Duane">William Duane</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">United States Secretary of the Treasury</a> </b><br />1833–1834 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Levi_Woodbury" title="Levi Woodbury">Levi Woodbury</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USAttGen" title="Template:USAttGen"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USAttGen" title="Template talk:USAttGen"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USAttGen" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USAttGen"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_attorneys_general" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">United States attorneys general</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Randolph" title="Edmund Randolph">Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bradford_(Attorney_General)" title="William Bradford (Attorney General)">Bradford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lee_(Attorney_General)" title="Charles Lee (Attorney General)">Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Lincoln_Sr." title="Levi Lincoln Sr.">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Breckinridge_(U.S._Attorney_General)" title="John Breckinridge (U.S. Attorney General)">Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caesar_Augustus_Rodney" title="Caesar Augustus Rodney">Rodney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pinkney" title="William Pinkney">Pinkney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rush" title="Richard Rush">Rush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wirt_(Attorney_General)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Wirt (Attorney General)">Wirt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Berrien" title="John M. Berrien">Berrien</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Taney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_Butler_(lawyer)" title="Benjamin Franklin Butler (lawyer)">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Grundy" title="Felix Grundy">Grundy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_D._Gilpin" title="Henry D. Gilpin">Gilpin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Crittenden" title="John J. Crittenden">Crittenden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_S._Legar%C3%A9" title="Hugh S. Legaré">Legaré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Nelson_(lawyer)" title="John Nelson (lawyer)">Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Y._Mason" title="John Y. Mason">Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Clifford" title="Nathan Clifford">Clifford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Toucey" title="Isaac Toucey">Toucey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverdy_Johnson" title="Reverdy Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Crittenden" title="John J. Crittenden">Crittenden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caleb_Cushing" title="Caleb Cushing">Cushing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_S._Black" title="Jeremiah S. Black">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_M._Stanton" class="mw-redirect" title="Edwin M. Stanton">Stanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Bates" title="Edward Bates">Bates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Speed" title="James Speed">Speed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Stanbery" title="Henry Stanbery">Stanbery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_M._Evarts" title="William M. Evarts">Evarts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebenezer_R._Hoar" title="Ebenezer R. Hoar">Hoar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amos_T._Akerman" title="Amos T. Akerman">Akerman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Henry_Williams" title="George Henry Williams">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwards_Pierrepont" title="Edwards Pierrepont">Pierrepont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonso_Taft" title="Alphonso Taft">Taft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Devens" title="Charles Devens">Devens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_MacVeagh" title="Wayne MacVeagh">MacVeagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_H._Brewster" title="Benjamin H. Brewster">Brewster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_H._Garland" title="Augustus H. Garland">A. Garland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._H._Miller" title="William H. H. Miller">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Olney" title="Richard Olney">Olney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judson_Harmon" title="Judson Harmon">Harmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_McKenna" title="Joseph McKenna">McKenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Griggs" title="John W. Griggs">Griggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philander_C._Knox" title="Philander C. Knox">Knox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Moody" title="William Henry Moody">Moody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Charles Joseph Bonaparte">Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Wickersham" title="George W. Wickersham">Wickersham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Clark_McReynolds" title="James Clark McReynolds">McReynolds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Watt_Gregory" title="Thomas Watt Gregory">Gregory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Mitchell_Palmer" title="A. Mitchell Palmer">Palmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_M._Daugherty" title="Harry M. Daugherty">Daugherty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlan_F._Stone" title="Harlan F. Stone">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_G._Sargent" title="John G. Sargent">Sargent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_D._Mitchell" title="William D. Mitchell">W. D. Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer_Stille_Cummings" title="Homer Stille Cummings">Cummings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Murphy" title="Frank Murphy">Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Jackson" title="Robert H. Jackson">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Biddle" title="Francis Biddle">Biddle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_C._Clark" title="Tom C. Clark">T. C. Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Howard_McGrath" title="J. Howard McGrath">McGrath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_P._McGranery" title="James P. McGranery">McGranery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Brownell_Jr." title="Herbert Brownell Jr.">Brownell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Rogers" title="William P. Rogers">Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy" title="Robert F. Kennedy">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Katzenbach" title="Nicholas Katzenbach">Katzenbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsey_Clark" title="Ramsey Clark">R. Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_N._Mitchell" title="John N. Mitchell">J. N. Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Kleindienst" title="Richard Kleindienst">Kleindienst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elliot_Richardson" title="Elliot Richardson">Richardson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Saxbe" title="William B. Saxbe">Saxbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_H._Levi" title="Edward H. Levi">Levi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griffin_Bell" title="Griffin Bell">Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Civiletti" title="Benjamin Civiletti">Civiletti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_French_Smith" title="William French Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Meese" title="Edwin Meese">Meese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Thornburgh" title="Dick Thornburgh">Thornburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Barr" title="William Barr">Barr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Reno" title="Janet Reno">Reno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ashcroft" title="John Ashcroft">Ashcroft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Gonzales" title="Alberto Gonzales">Gonzales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Mukasey" title="Michael Mukasey">Mukasey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Holder" title="Eric Holder">Holder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loretta_Lynch" title="Loretta Lynch">Lynch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Sessions" title="Jeff Sessions">Sessions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Barr" title="William Barr">Barr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merrick_Garland" title="Merrick Garland">M. Garland</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the United States Department of Justice"><img alt="Seal of the United States Department of Justice" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_secretaries_of_the_treasury" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USSecTreas" title="Template:USSecTreas"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USSecTreas" title="Template talk:USSecTreas"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USSecTreas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USSecTreas"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_secretaries_of_the_treasury" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">United States secretaries of the treasury</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton" title="Alexander Hamilton">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Wolcott_Jr." title="Oliver Wolcott Jr.">Wolcott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Dexter" title="Samuel Dexter">Dexter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Gallatin" title="Albert Gallatin">Gallatin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Campbell" title="George W. Campbell">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_J._Dallas_(statesman)" title="Alexander J. Dallas (statesman)">Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Crawford" title="William H. Crawford">Crawford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rush" title="Richard Rush">Rush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_D._Ingham" title="Samuel D. Ingham">Ingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_McLane" title="Louis McLane">McLane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Duane" title="William J. Duane">Duane</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Taney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Woodbury" title="Levi Woodbury">Woodbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Ewing" title="Thomas Ewing">Ewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Forward" title="Walter Forward">Forward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Spencer" class="mw-redirect" title="John C. Spencer">Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_M._Bibb" title="George M. Bibb">Bibb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_J._Walker" title="Robert J. Walker">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_M._Meredith" title="William M. Meredith">Meredith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Corwin" title="Thomas Corwin">Corwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Guthrie_(Kentucky_politician)" title="James Guthrie (Kentucky politician)">Guthrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howell_Cobb" title="Howell Cobb">Cobb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Francis_Thomas" title="Philip Francis Thomas">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Adams_Dix" title="John Adams Dix">Dix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmon_P._Chase" title="Salmon P. Chase">Chase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Fessenden" title="William P. Fessenden">Fessenden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_McCulloch" title="Hugh McCulloch">McCulloch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_S._Boutwell" title="George S. Boutwell">Boutwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Adams_Richardson" title="William Adams Richardson">Richardson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Bristow" title="Benjamin Bristow">Bristow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lot_M._Morrill" title="Lot M. Morrill">Morrill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sherman" title="John Sherman">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Windom" title="William Windom">Windom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_J._Folger" title="Charles J. Folger">Folger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Q._Gresham" title="Walter Q. Gresham">Gresham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_McCulloch" title="Hugh McCulloch">McCulloch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Manning" title="Daniel Manning">Manning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_S._Fairchild" title="Charles S. Fairchild">Fairchild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Windom" title="William Windom">Windom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Foster_(Ohio_politician)" title="Charles Foster (Ohio politician)">Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_G._Carlisle" title="John G. Carlisle">Carlisle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyman_J._Gage" title="Lyman J. Gage">Gage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._M._Shaw" title="L. M. Shaw">Shaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_B._Cortelyou" title="George B. Cortelyou">Cortelyou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_MacVeagh" title="Franklin MacVeagh">MacVeagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Gibbs_McAdoo" title="William Gibbs McAdoo">McAdoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carter_Glass" title="Carter Glass">Glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_F._Houston" title="David F. Houston">Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Mellon" title="Andrew Mellon">Mellon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogden_L._Mills" title="Ogden L. Mills">Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Woodin" title="William H. Woodin">Woodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Morgenthau_Jr." title="Henry Morgenthau Jr.">Morgenthau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_M._Vinson" title="Fred M. Vinson">Vinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wesley_Snyder" title="John Wesley Snyder">Snyder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_M._Humphrey" title="George M. Humphrey">Humphrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Anderson_(Texas_politician)" title="Robert B. Anderson (Texas politician)">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Douglas_Dillon" title="C. Douglas Dillon">Dillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_H._Fowler" title="Henry H. Fowler">Fowler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Barr" title="Joseph W. Barr">Barr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_M._Kennedy_(politician)" title="David M. Kennedy (politician)">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Connally" title="John Connally">Connally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Shultz" title="George Shultz">Shultz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Simon" title="William E. Simon">Simon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Michael_Blumenthal" title="W. Michael Blumenthal">Blumenthal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._William_Miller" title="G. William Miller">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Regan" title="Donald Regan">Regan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Baker" title="James Baker">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_F._Brady" title="Nicholas F. Brady">Brady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Bentsen" title="Lloyd Bentsen">Bentsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Rubin" title="Robert Rubin">Rubin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Summers" title="Lawrence Summers">Summers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_H._O%27Neill" title="Paul H. O'Neill">O'Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Snow" title="John W. Snow">Snow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Paulson" title="Henry Paulson">Paulson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Geithner" title="Timothy Geithner">Geithner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Lew" title="Jack Lew">Lew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Mnuchin" title="Steven Mnuchin">Mnuchin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Yellen" title="Janet Yellen">Yellen</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the United States Department of the Treasury"><img alt="Seal of the United States Department of the Treasury" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg/110px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg/165px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg/220px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="246" data-file-height="246" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cabinet_of_President_Andrew_Jackson_(1829–1837)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Jackson_cabinet" title="Template:Jackson cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Jackson_cabinet" title="Template talk:Jackson cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Jackson_cabinet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Jackson cabinet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cabinet_of_President_Andrew_Jackson_(1829–1837)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Cabinet</a> of <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a> (1829–1837)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Van_Buren" title="Martin Van Buren">Martin Van Buren</a> (1829–1831)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Livingston" title="Edward Livingston">Edward Livingston</a> (1831–1833)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_McLane" title="Louis McLane">Louis McLane</a> (1833–1834)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Forsyth_(politician)" title="John Forsyth (politician)">John Forsyth</a> (1834–1837)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Andrew_Jackson.jpg/100px-Andrew_Jackson.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Andrew_Jackson.jpg/150px-Andrew_Jackson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Andrew_Jackson.jpg/200px-Andrew_Jackson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="739" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary of the Treasury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_D._Ingham" title="Samuel D. Ingham">Samuel D. Ingham</a> (1829–1831)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_McLane" title="Louis McLane">Louis McLane</a> (1831–1833)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Duane" title="William J. Duane">William J. Duane</a> (1833)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Roger B. Taney</a> (1833–1834)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Woodbury" title="Levi Woodbury">Levi Woodbury</a> (1834–1837)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">Secretary of War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Eaton_(politician)" title="John Eaton (politician)">John Eaton</a> (1829–1831)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Cass" title="Lewis Cass">Lewis Cass</a> (1831–1836)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Berrien" title="John M. Berrien">John M. Berrien</a> (1829–1831)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Roger B. Taney</a> (1831–1833)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_Butler_(lawyer)" title="Benjamin Franklin Butler (lawyer)">Benjamin Franklin Butler</a> (1833–1837)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Postmaster_General" title="United States Postmaster General">Postmaster General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_T._Barry" title="William T. Barry">William T. Barry</a> (1829–1835)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amos_Kendall" title="Amos Kendall">Amos Kendall</a> (1835–1837)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy" title="United States Secretary of the Navy">Secretary of the Navy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Branch" title="John Branch">John Branch</a> (1829–1831)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Woodbury" title="Levi Woodbury">Levi Woodbury</a> (1831–1834)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahlon_Dickerson" title="Mahlon Dickerson">Mahlon Dickerson</a> (1834–1837)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Justices_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:SCOTUS_Justices" title="Template:SCOTUS Justices"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:SCOTUS_Justices" title="Template talk:SCOTUS Justices"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:SCOTUS_Justices" title="Special:EditPage/Template:SCOTUS Justices"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Justices_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Justices of the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd flatlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Chief_justices" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_United_States" title="Chief Justice of the United States">Chief justices</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/John_Jay" title="John Jay">John Jay</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jay_Court" title="Jay Court">1789–1795</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_the_Jay_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Jay Court">cases</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Rutledge" title="John Rutledge">John Rutledge</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rutledge_Court" title="Rutledge Court">1795</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_the_Rutledge_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Rutledge Court">cases</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Ellsworth" title="Oliver Ellsworth">Oliver Ellsworth</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ellsworth_Court" title="Ellsworth Court">1796–1800</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_the_Ellsworth_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Ellsworth Court">cases</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Marshall" title="John Marshall">John Marshall</a> (<a href="/wiki/Marshall_Court" title="Marshall Court">1801–1835</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_the_Marshall_Court" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Marshall Court">cases</a></i>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Roger B. Taney</a> (<a href="/wiki/Taney_Court" title="Taney Court">1836–1864</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_the_Taney_Court" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Taney Court">cases</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmon_P._Chase" title="Salmon P. Chase">Salmon P. Chase</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chase_Court" title="Chase Court">1864–1873</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_the_Chase_Court" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Chase Court">cases</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morrison_Waite" title="Morrison Waite">Morrison Waite</a> (<a href="/wiki/Waite_Court" title="Waite Court">1874–1888</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_the_Waite_Court" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Waite Court">cases</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melville_Fuller" title="Melville Fuller">Melville Fuller</a> (<a href="/wiki/Fuller_Court" title="Fuller Court">1888–1910</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_the_Fuller_Court" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Fuller Court">cases</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Douglass_White" title="Edward Douglass White">Edward Douglass White</a> (<a href="/wiki/White_Court_(justices)" title="White Court (justices)">1910–1921</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_the_White_Court" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases by the White Court">cases</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">William Howard Taft</a> (<a href="/wiki/Taft_Court" title="Taft Court">1921–1930</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_the_Taft_Court" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Taft Court">cases</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Evans_Hughes" title="Charles Evans Hughes">Charles Evans Hughes</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hughes_Court" title="Hughes Court">1930–1941</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_the_Hughes_Court" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Hughes Court">cases</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlan_F._Stone" title="Harlan F. Stone">Harlan F. Stone</a> (<a href="/wiki/Stone_Court" title="Stone Court">1941–1946</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_the_Stone_Court" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Stone Court">cases</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_M._Vinson" title="Fred M. Vinson">Fred M. Vinson</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vinson_Court" title="Vinson Court">1946–1953</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_the_Vinson_Court" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Vinson Court">cases</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Warren" title="Earl Warren">Earl Warren</a> (<a href="/wiki/Warren_Court" title="Warren Court">1953–1969</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_the_Warren_Court" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Warren Court">cases</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_E._Burger" title="Warren E. Burger">Warren E. Burger</a> (<a href="/wiki/Burger_Court" title="Burger Court">1969–1986</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_the_Burger_Court" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Burger Court">cases</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Rehnquist" title="William Rehnquist">William Rehnquist</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rehnquist_Court" title="Rehnquist Court">1986–2005</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_the_Rehnquist_Court" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Rehnquist Court">cases</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Roberts" title="John Roberts">John Roberts</a> (<a href="/wiki/Roberts_Court" title="Roberts Court">2005–present</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_the_Roberts_Court" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Roberts Court">cases</a></i>)</li></ol> </div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd flatlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Associate_justices" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Associate_Justice_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States">Associate justices</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 16em;"> <ol><li><span style="background-color: #eeeeff;color:black;"><a href="/wiki/John_Rutledge" title="John Rutledge">J. Rutledge</a>* (1790–1791)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cushing" title="William Cushing">Cushing</a> (1790–1810)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Wilson_(Founding_Father)" title="James Wilson (Founding Father)">Wilson</a> (1789–1798)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Blair_Jr." title="John Blair Jr.">Blair</a> (1790–1795)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Iredell" title="James Iredell">Iredell</a> (1790–1799)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Johnson_(judge)" title="Thomas Johnson (judge)">T. Johnson</a> (1792–1793)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Paterson_(judge)" title="William Paterson (judge)">Paterson</a> (1793–1806)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Chase" title="Samuel Chase">S. Chase</a> (1796–1811)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bushrod_Washington" title="Bushrod Washington">Washington</a> (1798–1829)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Moore" title="Alfred Moore">Moore</a> (1800–1804)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Johnson_(judge)" title="William Johnson (judge)">W. Johnson</a> (1804–1834)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Brockholst_Livingston" title="Henry Brockholst Livingston">Livingston</a> (1807–1823)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Todd" title="Thomas Todd">Todd</a> (1807–1826)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Duvall" title="Gabriel Duvall">Duvall</a> (1811–1835)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Story" title="Joseph Story">Story</a> (1812–1845)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_Thompson" title="Smith Thompson">Thompson</a> (1823–1843)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Trimble" title="Robert Trimble">Trimble</a> (1826–1828)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McLean" title="John McLean">McLean</a> (1829–1861)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Baldwin_(judge)" title="Henry Baldwin (judge)">Baldwin</a> (1830–1844)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Moore_Wayne" class="mw-redirect" title="James Moore Wayne">Wayne</a> (1835–1867)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_P._Barbour" title="Philip P. Barbour">Barbour</a> (1836–1841)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Catron" title="John Catron">Catron</a> (1837–1865)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McKinley" title="John McKinley">McKinley</a> (1838–1852)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_V._Daniel" title="Peter V. Daniel">Daniel</a> (1842–1860)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Nelson" title="Samuel Nelson">Nelson</a> (1845–1872)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Woodbury" title="Levi Woodbury">Woodbury</a> (1845–1851)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Cooper_Grier" title="Robert Cooper Grier">Grier</a> (1846–1870)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Robbins_Curtis" title="Benjamin Robbins Curtis">Curtis</a> (1851–1857)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Archibald_Campbell" title="John Archibald Campbell">Campbell</a> (1853–1861)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Clifford" title="Nathan Clifford">Clifford</a> (1858–1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah_Haynes_Swayne" title="Noah Haynes Swayne">Swayne</a> (1862–1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Freeman_Miller" title="Samuel Freeman Miller">Miller</a> (1862–1890)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Davis_(Supreme_Court_justice)" title="David Davis (Supreme Court justice)">Davis</a> (1862–1877)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Johnson_Field" title="Stephen Johnson Field">Field</a> (1863–1897)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Strong_(Pennsylvania_judge)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Strong (Pennsylvania judge)">Strong</a> (1870–1880)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_P._Bradley" title="Joseph P. Bradley">Bradley</a> (1870–1892)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ward_Hunt" title="Ward Hunt">Hunt</a> (1873–1882)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Marshall_Harlan" title="John Marshall Harlan">J. M. Harlan</a> (1877–1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Burnham_Woods" title="William Burnham Woods">Woods</a> (1881–1887)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Matthews_(judge)" title="Stanley Matthews (judge)">Matthews</a> (1881–1889)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_Gray" title="Horace Gray">Gray</a> (1882–1902)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Blatchford" title="Samuel Blatchford">Blatchford</a> (1882–1893)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Quintus_Cincinnatus_Lamar" title="Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar">L. Lamar</a> (1888–1893)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_J._Brewer" title="David J. Brewer">Brewer</a> (1890–1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Billings_Brown" title="Henry Billings Brown">Brown</a> (1891–1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Shiras_Jr." title="George Shiras Jr.">Shiras</a> (1892–1903)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howell_E._Jackson" title="Howell E. Jackson">H. Jackson</a> (1893–1895)</li> <li><span style="background-color: #eeeeff;color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Douglass_White" title="Edward Douglass White">E. White</a>* (1894–1910)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rufus_W._Peckham" title="Rufus W. Peckham">Peckham</a> (1896–1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_McKenna" title="Joseph McKenna">McKenna</a> (1898–1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Wendell_Holmes_Jr." title="Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.">Holmes</a> (1902–1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_R._Day" title="William R. Day">Day</a> (1903–1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Moody" title="William Henry Moody">Moody</a> (1906–1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_Harmon_Lurton" title="Horace Harmon Lurton">Lurton</a> (1910–1914)</li> <li><span style="background-color: #eeeeff;color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Evans_Hughes" title="Charles Evans Hughes">Hughes</a>* (1910–1916)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willis_Van_Devanter" title="Willis Van Devanter">Van Devanter</a> (1911–1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Rucker_Lamar" title="Joseph Rucker Lamar">J. Lamar</a> (1911–1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahlon_Pitney" title="Mahlon Pitney">Pitney</a> (1912–1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Clark_McReynolds" title="James Clark McReynolds">McReynolds</a> (1914–1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Brandeis" title="Louis Brandeis">Brandeis</a> (1916–1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hessin_Clarke" title="John Hessin Clarke">Clarke</a> (1916–1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Sutherland" title="George Sutherland">Sutherland</a> (1922–1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierce_Butler_(judge)" title="Pierce Butler (judge)">Butler</a> (1923–1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Terry_Sanford" title="Edward Terry Sanford">Sanford</a> (1923–1930)</li> <li><span style="background-color: #eeeeff;color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Harlan_F._Stone" title="Harlan F. Stone">Stone</a>* (1925–1941)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Roberts" title="Owen Roberts">O. Roberts</a> (1930–1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_N._Cardozo" title="Benjamin N. Cardozo">Cardozo</a> (1932–1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Black" title="Hugo Black">Black</a> (1937–1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Forman_Reed" title="Stanley Forman Reed">Reed</a> (1938–1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Frankfurter" title="Felix Frankfurter">Frankfurter</a> (1939–1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_O._Douglas" title="William O. Douglas">Douglas</a> (1939–1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Murphy" title="Frank Murphy">Murphy</a> (1940–1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_F._Byrnes" title="James F. Byrnes">Byrnes</a> (1941–1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Jackson" title="Robert H. Jackson">R. Jackson</a> (1941–1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiley_Rutledge" title="Wiley Rutledge">W. Rutledge</a> (1943–1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_H._Burton" title="Harold H. Burton">Burton</a> (1945–1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_C._Clark" title="Tom C. Clark">Clark</a> (1949–1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherman_Minton" title="Sherman Minton">Minton</a> (1949–1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Marshall_Harlan_II" title="John Marshall Harlan II">J. M. Harlan II</a> (1955–1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Brennan_Jr." title="William J. Brennan Jr.">Brennan</a> (1956–1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Evans_Whittaker" title="Charles Evans Whittaker">Whittaker</a> (1957–1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potter_Stewart" title="Potter Stewart">Stewart</a> (1958–1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byron_White" title="Byron White">B. White</a> (1962–1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Goldberg" title="Arthur Goldberg">Goldberg</a> (1962–1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abe_Fortas" title="Abe Fortas">Fortas</a> (1965–1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thurgood_Marshall" title="Thurgood Marshall">T. Marshall</a> (1967–1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Blackmun" title="Harry Blackmun">Blackmun</a> (1970–1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_F._Powell_Jr." title="Lewis F. Powell Jr.">Powell</a> (1972–1987)</li> <li><span style="background-color: #eeeeff;color:black;"><a href="/wiki/William_Rehnquist" title="William Rehnquist">Rehnquist</a>* (1972–1986)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_Stevens" title="John Paul Stevens">Stevens</a> (1975–2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Day_O%27Connor" title="Sandra Day O'Connor">O'Connor</a> (1981–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonin_Scalia" title="Antonin Scalia">Scalia</a> (1986–2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Kennedy" title="Anthony Kennedy">Kennedy</a> (1988–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Souter" title="David Souter">Souter</a> (1990–2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_Thomas" title="Clarence Thomas">Thomas</a> (1991–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg" title="Ruth Bader Ginsburg">Ginsburg</a> (1993–2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Breyer</a> (1994–2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Alito</a> (2006–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sotomayor</a> (2009–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Kagan</a> (2010–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Gorsuch</a> (2017–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Kavanaugh</a> (2018–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Barrett</a> (2020–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketanji_Brown_Jackson" title="Ketanji Brown Jackson">K. Jackson</a> (2022–present)</li></ol> </div> <div style="text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: #eeeeff;color:black;">*<i>Also served as Chief Justice of the United States</i></span></div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taney_Court_(1836–1864)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taney_Court" title="Template:Taney Court"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Taney_Court" title="Template talk:Taney Court"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Taney_Court" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Taney Court"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Taney_Court_(1836–1864)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Taney_Court" title="Taney Court">Taney Court</a> (1836–1864)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Justices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Taney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_P._Barbour" title="Philip P. Barbour">Barbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Catron" title="John Catron">Catron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McKinley" title="John McKinley">McKinley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Vivian_Daniel" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter Vivian Daniel">Daniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Nelson" title="Samuel Nelson">Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Woodbury" title="Levi Woodbury">Woodbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Cooper_Grier" title="Robert Cooper Grier">Grier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Robbins_Curtis" title="Benjamin Robbins Curtis">Curtis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Archibald_Campbell" title="John Archibald Campbell">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Clifford" title="Nathan Clifford">Clifford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah_Haynes_Swayne" title="Noah Haynes Swayne">Swayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Freeman_Miller" title="Samuel Freeman Miller">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Davis_(Supreme_Court_justice)" title="David Davis (Supreme Court justice)">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Johnson_Field" title="Stephen Johnson Field">Field</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roger_B._Taney_-_Brady-Handy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Roger_B._Taney_-_Brady-Handy.jpg/90px-Roger_B._Taney_-_Brady-Handy.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Roger_B._Taney_-_Brady-Handy.jpg/135px-Roger_B._Taney_-_Brady-Handy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Roger_B._Taney_-_Brady-Handy.jpg/180px-Roger_B._Taney_-_Brady-Handy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4413" data-file-height="6402" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_the_Taney_Court" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Taney Court">Decisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By volume</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Peters_(reporter)" title="Richard Peters (reporter)">Pet.</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_35" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 35">35 (10)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_36" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 36">36 (11)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_37" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 37">37 (12)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_38" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 38">38 (13)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_39" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 39">39 (14)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_40" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 40">40 (15)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_41" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 41">41 (16)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Chew_Howard" title="Benjamin Chew Howard">How.</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_42" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 42">42 (1)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_43" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 43">43 (2)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_44" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 44">44 (3)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_45" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 45">45 (4)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_46" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 46">46 (5)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_47" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 47">47 (6)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_48" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 48">48 (7)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_49" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 49">49 (8)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_50" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 50">50 (9)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_51" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 51">51 (10)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_52" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 52">52 (11)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_53" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 53">53 (12)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_54" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 54">54 (13)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_55" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 55">55 (14)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_56" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 56">56 (15)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_57" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 57">57 (16)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_58" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 58">58 (17)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_59" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 59">59 (18)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_60" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 60">60 (19)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_61" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 61">61 (20)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_62" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 62">62 (21)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_63" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 63">63 (22)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_64" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 64">64 (23)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_65" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 65">65 (24)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_S._Black" title="Jeremiah S. Black">Black</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_66" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 66">66 (1)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_67" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 67">67 (2)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/John_William_Wallace" title="John William Wallace">Wall.</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_68" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 68">68 (1)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_title_in_the_Taney_Court" title="Aboriginal title in the Taney Court">Aboriginal title</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_law_in_the_Taney_Court" title="Criminal law in the Taney Court">Criminal law</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_landmark_court_decisions_in_the_United_States" title="List of landmark court decisions in the United States">Landmark</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Charles_River_Bridge_v._Warren_Bridge" title="Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge">Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge</a></i> (1837)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._The_Amistad" title="United States v. The Amistad">United States v. The Amistad</a></i> (1841)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luther_v._Borden" title="Luther v. Borden">Luther v. Borden</a></i> (1849)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cooley_v._Board_of_Wardens" title="Cooley v. Board of Wardens">Cooley v. Board of Wardens</a></i> (1852)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dred_Scott_v._Sandford" title="Dred Scott v. Sandford">Dred Scott v. Sandford</a></i> (1857)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ableman_v._Booth" title="Ableman v. Booth">Ableman v. Booth</a></i> (1859)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prize_Cases" title="Prize Cases">Prize Cases</a></i> (1863)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Statutes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_and_Ninth_Circuits_Act_of_1837" title="Eighth and Ninth Circuits Act of 1837">Eighth and Ninth Circuits Act of 1837</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenth_Circuit_Act_of_1863" title="Tenth Circuit Act of 1863">Tenth Circuit Act of 1863</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q359470#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q359470#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q359470#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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