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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Song of Solomon 3:9 King Solomon has made his carriage out of the timber of Lebanon.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/songs/3-9.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/15/22_Sng_03_09.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Song of Solomon 3:9 - Solomon Arrives on His Wedding Day" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="King Solomon has made his carriage out of the timber of Lebanon." /><script type="application/javascript" 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class="vheadingv"><b>Verse</b><a href="/bsb/songs/3.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/songs/3.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />King Solomon made for himself the carriage; he made it of wood from Lebanon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/songs/3.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />King Solomon’s carriage is built of wood imported from Lebanon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/songs/3.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />King Solomon made himself a carriage from the wood of Lebanon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/songs/3.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />King Solomon has made his carriage out of the timber of Lebanon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/songs/3.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />King Solomon made himself a chariot of the wood of Lebanon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/songs/3.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />Of the wood of Lebanon Solomon the King Made himself a palanquin:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/songs/3.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />“King Solomon has made for himself a sedan chair From the timber of Lebanon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/songs/3.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />&#8220King Solomon has made for himself a sedan chair From the timber of Lebanon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/songs/3.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />“King Solomon has made for himself a sedan chair From the timber of Lebanon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/songs/3.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />King Solomon has made for himself a sedan chair From the timber of Lebanon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/songs/3.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />“King Solomon has made for himself a palanquin From the [cedar] wood of Lebanon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/songs/3.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />King Solomon made a carriage for himself with wood from Lebanon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/songs/3.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />King Solomon made a sedan chair for himself with wood from Lebanon. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/songs/3.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />King Solomon made himself a palanquin Of the wood of Lebanon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/songs/3.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />The throne is made of trees from Lebanon. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/songs/3.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />King Solomon made himself a palanquin of the wood of Lebanon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/songs/3.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />King Solomon had a carriage made for himself from the wood of Lebanon. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/songs/3.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />King Solomon is carried on a throne made of the finest wood. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/songs/3.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />King Solomon made the sedan chair for himself from the trees of Lebanon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/songs/3.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />King Solomon has made his carriage out of the timber of Lebanon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/songs/3.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />King Solomon made a sedan chair for himself of wood imported from Lebanon. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/songs/3.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />King Solomon made himself a carriage of the wood of Lebanon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/songs/3.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />King Solomon made himself a chariot of the wood of Lebanon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/songs/3.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />King Solomon made himself a carriage of the wood of Lebanon. <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/songs/3.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />A palanquin King Solomon made for himself, "" Of the wood of Lebanon,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/songs/3.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> A palanquin king Solomon made for himself, Of the wood of Lebanon,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/songs/3.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />King Solomon made for himself a litter from the woods of Lebanon.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/songs/3.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />King Solomon hath made him a litter of the wood of Libanus: <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/songs/3.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />Bride to Chorus: <font color=#0000CC>King Solomon made himself a portable throne from the wood of Lebanon.</font><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/songs/3.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />King Solomon made himself an enclosed litter of wood from Lebanon. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/songs/3.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />King Solomon made himself a palanquin from the wood of Lebanon.<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/songs/3.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />King Solomon made himself a palace of wood of Lebanon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/songs/3.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />King Solomon made himself a tower from wood of Lebanon<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/songs/3.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />King Solomon made himself a palanquin Of the wood of Lebanon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/songs/3.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />King Solomon made himself a litter of woods of Lebanon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/songs/3-9.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/9D_QEk8ZdxU?start=416" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/songs/3.htm">Solomon Arrives on His Wedding Day</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">8</span>All are skilled with the sword, experienced in warfare. Each has his sword at his side prepared for the terror of the night. <span class="reftext">9</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: ham·me·leḵ (Art:: N-ms) -- King. From malak; a king.">King</a> <a href="/hebrew/8010.htm" title="8010: šə·lō·mōh (N-proper-ms) -- David's son and successor to his throne. From shalowm; peaceful; Shelomah, David's successor.">Solomon</a> <a href="/hebrew/6213.htm" title="6213: ‘ā·śāh (V-Qal-Perf-3ms) -- To do, make. A primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application.">has made</a> <a href="/hebrew/668.htm" title="668: ’ap·pir·yō·wn (N-ms) -- A sedan, litter, palanquin. Probably of Egyptian derivation; a palanquin.">his carriage</a> <a href="/hebrew/lōw (Prep:: 3ms) -- "></a> <a href="/hebrew/6086.htm" title="6086: mê·‘ă·ṣê (Prep-m:: N-mpc) -- Tree, trees, wood. From atsah; a tree; hence, wood.">out of the timber</a> <a href="/hebrew/3844.htm" title="3844: hal·lə·ḇā·nō·wn (Art:: N-proper-fs) -- A wooded mountain range on the N. border of Isr. From lbab; white mountain; Lebanon, a mountain range in Palestine.">of Lebanon.</a> </span><span class="reftext">10</span>He has made its posts of silver, its base of gold, its seat of purple fabric. Its interior is inlaid with love by the daughters of Jerusalem.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_kings/10-18.htm">1 Kings 10:18-20</a></span><br />Additionally, the king made a great throne of ivory and overlaid it with pure gold. / The throne had six steps, and its back had a rounded top. There were armrests on both sides of the seat, with a lion standing beside each armrest. / Twelve lions stood on the six steps, one at either end of each step. Nothing like this had ever been made for any kingdom.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_kings/7-7.htm">1 Kings 7:7</a></span><br />In addition, he built a hall for the throne, the Hall of Justice, where he was to judge. It was paneled with cedar from floor to ceiling.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_chronicles/9-17.htm">2 Chronicles 9:17-19</a></span><br />Additionally, the king made a great throne of ivory and overlaid it with pure gold. / The throne had six steps, and a footstool of gold was attached to it. There were armrests on both sides of the seat, with a lion standing beside each armrest. / Twelve lions stood on the six steps, one at either end of each step. Nothing like this had ever been made for any kingdom.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/60-13.htm">Isaiah 60:13</a></span><br />The glory of Lebanon will come to you—its cypress, elm, and boxwood together—to adorn the place of My sanctuary, and I will glorify the place of My feet.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/21-21.htm">Revelation 21:21</a></span><br />And the twelve gates were twelve pearls, with each gate consisting of a single pearl. The main street of the city was pure gold, as clear as glass.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/4-2.htm">Revelation 4:2-3</a></span><br />At once I was in the Spirit, and I saw a throne standing in heaven, with someone seated on it. / The One seated there looked like jasper and carnelian, and a rainbow that gleamed like an emerald encircled the throne.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ezekiel/27-5.htm">Ezekiel 27:5-6</a></span><br />They constructed all your planking with cypress from Senir. They took a cedar from Lebanon to make a mast for you. / Of oaks from Bashan they made your oars; of wood from the coasts of Cyprus they made your deck, inlaid with ivory.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/22-14.htm">Jeremiah 22:14</a></span><br />who says, ‘I will build myself a great palace, with spacious upper rooms.’ So he cuts windows in it, panels it with cedar, and paints it with vermilion.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/6-29.htm">Matthew 6:29</a></span><br />Yet I tell you that not even Solomon in all his glory was adorned like one of these.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_kings/6-15.htm">1 Kings 6:15-18</a></span><br />He lined the interior walls with cedar paneling from the floor of the temple to the ceiling, and he covered the floor with cypress boards. / He partitioned off the twenty cubits at the rear of the temple with cedar boards from floor to ceiling to form within the temple an inner sanctuary, the Most Holy Place. / And the main hall in front of this room was forty cubits long. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_kings/10-27.htm">1 Kings 10:27</a></span><br />The king made silver as common in Jerusalem as stones, and cedar as abundant as sycamore in the foothills.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_chronicles/1-15.htm">2 Chronicles 1:15</a></span><br />The king made silver and gold as common in Jerusalem as stones, and cedar as abundant as sycamore in the foothills.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/41-19.htm">Isaiah 41:19</a></span><br />I will plant cedars in the wilderness, acacias, myrtles, and olive trees. I will set cypresses in the desert, elms and boxwood together,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/3-12.htm">Revelation 3:12</a></span><br />The one who overcomes I will make a pillar in the temple of My God, and he will never again leave it. Upon him I will write the name of My God, and the name of the city of My God (the new Jerusalem that comes down out of heaven from My God), and My new name.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/21-18.htm">Revelation 21:18</a></span><br />The wall was made of jasper, and the city itself of pure gold, as pure as glass.</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">King Solomon made himself a chariot of the wood of Lebanon.</p><p class="hdg">a chariot</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/songs/3-7.htm">Song of Solomon 3:7</a></b></br> Behold his bed, which <i>is</i> Solomon's; threescore valiant men <i>are</i> about it, of the valiant of Israel.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/2_samuel/23-5.htm">2 Samuel 23:5</a></b></br> Although my house <i>be</i> not so with God; yet he hath made with me an everlasting covenant, ordered in all <i>things</i>, and sure: for <i>this is</i> all my salvation, and all <i>my</i> desire, although he make <i>it</i> not to grow.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/revelation/14-6.htm">Revelation 14:6</a></b></br> And I saw another angel fly in the midst of heaven, having the everlasting gospel to preach unto them that dwell on the earth, and to every nation, and kindred, and tongue, and people,</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/songs/3-7.htm">Bed</a> <a href="/songs/3-7.htm">Carriage</a> <a href="/2_kings/4-10.htm">Chair</a> <a href="/psalms/104-3.htm">Chariot</a> <a href="/psalms/104-16.htm">Lebanon</a> <a href="/songs/3-7.htm">Solomon</a> <a href="/nehemiah/2-8.htm">Timber</a> <a href="/songs/2-3.htm">Wood</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/songs/5-13.htm">Bed</a> <a href="/zechariah/6-6.htm">Carriage</a> <a href="/matthew/23-2.htm">Chair</a> <a href="/songs/6-12.htm">Chariot</a> <a href="/songs/4-8.htm">Lebanon</a> <a href="/songs/3-11.htm">Solomon</a> <a href="/ezekiel/26-12.htm">Timber</a> <a href="/isaiah/7-2.htm">Wood</a><div class="vheading2">Song of Solomon 3</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/songs/3-1.htm">the church's fight and victory in temptation</a></span><br><span class="reftext">6. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/songs/3-6.htm">The church glories in Christ</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/songs/3.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/songs/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/songs/3.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>King Solomon has made his carriage</b><br>This phrase highlights King Solomon's wealth and craftsmanship. Solomon, known for his wisdom and prosperity, often undertook grand projects, including the construction of the Temple in Jerusalem (1 Kings 6). The carriage, or palanquin, symbolizes royal splendor and authority. In a broader biblical context, Solomon's works often prefigure the majesty and wisdom of Christ, who is referred to as the greater Solomon (<a href="/matthew/12-42.htm">Matthew 12:42</a>). The carriage can also be seen as a type of the church, which Christ, the true King, builds and adorns with His grace.<p><b>out of the timber of Lebanon.</b><br>Lebanon was renowned for its high-quality cedar trees, which were used in the construction of significant structures, including Solomon's Temple (<a href="/1_kings/5-6.htm">1 Kings 5:6</a>). The use of Lebanon's timber signifies strength, durability, and beauty. In biblical symbolism, cedar wood often represents incorruptibility and eternal life, pointing to the enduring nature of Christ's kingdom. The choice of materials reflects the excellence and care in the creation of something meant to last, much like the eternal covenant established through Jesus.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/k/king_solomon.htm">King Solomon</a></b><br>The son of King David and Bathsheba, Solomon is known for his wisdom, wealth, and building projects, including the Temple in Jerusalem. In the Song of Solomon, he is often seen as a representation of Christ or the ideal bridegroom.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/c/carriage.htm">Carriage</a></b><br>This refers to a palanquin or a portable enclosed chair, symbolizing luxury, royalty, and the preparation for a significant event, such as a wedding procession.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/t/timber_of_lebanon.htm">Timber of Lebanon</a></b><br>Lebanon was famous for its high-quality cedar trees, which were used in significant construction projects, including Solomon's Temple. The use of this timber signifies strength, durability, and beauty.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/s/symbol_of_christ's_love.htm">Symbol of Christ's Love</a></b><br>The carriage made by Solomon can be seen as a symbol of Christ's love and preparation for His bride, the Church. Just as Solomon prepared a beautiful and strong carriage, Christ prepares a place for us (<a href="/john/14-2.htm">John 14:2-3</a>).<br><br><b><a href="/topical/v/value_of_preparation.htm">Value of Preparation</a></b><br>The detailed preparation of the carriage signifies the importance of preparing ourselves spiritually for our relationship with Christ. This involves cultivating a life of holiness and devotion.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/s/strength_and_beauty_in_relationships.htm">Strength and Beauty in Relationships</a></b><br>The use of the finest materials from Lebanon suggests that our relationships, especially marriage, should be built on strong and beautiful foundations, reflecting God's design and purpose.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/r/royal_identity_in_christ.htm">Royal Identity in Christ</a></b><br>As believers, we are part of a royal priesthood (<a href="/1_peter/2-9.htm">1 Peter 2:9</a>). The imagery of a royal carriage reminds us of our identity and the dignity we have in Christ.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_song_of_solomon_3.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Song of Solomon 3</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_no_historical_proof_of_solomon's_role.htm">If the author truly was King Solomon, why is there no explicit historical record or external verification of these events beyond the text (Song of Solomon 3)?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/evidence_for_'tower_of_david'_in_song_4_4.htm">Is there archaeological evidence to support the mention of the 'tower of David' and its 'thousand shields' in Song of Solomon 4:4?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/how_to_reconcile_song_3_with_matt_5_28.htm">How do we reconcile the romantic imagery of Song of Solomon 3 with the more sober views on marriage and lust in other biblical texts (e.g., Matthew 5:28)?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/is_1_kings_3_16-28_a_legend_or_history.htm">Could the well-known judgment over the baby in 1 Kings 3:16-28 be a moralistic legend rather than a historical account?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/songs/3.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(9) <span class= "bld">A chariot.</span>--Marg., <span class= "ital">bed; </span>Heb., <span class= "ital">appiryon. </span>A word of very doubtful etymology. Its derivation has been sought in Hebrew, Persian, Greek, and Sanskrit. The LXX. render <span class= "greekheb">???????</span>; Vulg., <span class= "ital">ferculum; </span>and it seems natural, with Gesenius, to trace the three words to the root common in <span class= "ital">parah, </span><span class= "greekheb">????</span><span class= "ital">, </span>fero, fahren, bear, and possibly the sign of such a common origin in the Sanskrit <span class= "ital">pargana = a saddle </span>(Hitzig). At all events, <span class= "ital">appiryon </span>must be a <span class= "ital">palanquin, </span>or <span class= "ital">litter, </span>both from the context, which describes the approach of a royal cortege, and from the description given of it, where the word translated <span class= "ital">covering </span>suggests the notion of a movable litter, rather than of a State bed.<p><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/songs/3.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verses 9, 10.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">King Solomon made himself a palanquin of the wood of Lebanon. He made the pillars thereof of silver, the bottom thereof of gold, the seats of it of purple, the midst thereof being paved with love, from the daughters of Jerusalem.</span> The palanquin is described, that the attention may be kept fixed awhile on the bridal procession, which, of course, forms the kernel of the whole poem, as representing the perfect union of the bride and bridegroom. The Greek versions translate <span class="greek">φορεῖον</span>: the Vulgate, <span class="accented">ferculum.</span> We read in Athenaeus (5:13) that the philosopher and tyrant Athemon showed himself on "a silver-legged <span class="greek">φορεῖον</span> with purple coverlet." There probably is some connection between the Hebrew <span class="accented">appiryon</span> and the Greek <span class="accented">phoreion</span>, but it is exceedingly doubtful if the Hebrew is merely a lengthened form of the Greek. Delitzsch derives the Hebrew from a root <span class="accented">parah</span>, "to cut or carve" anything of wood. The Greek would seem to be connected with the verb <span class="greek">φερω</span>, "to bear," "carry." The resemblance may be a mere coincidence. The rabbinical tradition is that the Hebrew word means "couch, or litter." Hitzig connects it with the Sanscrit <span class="accented">paryana</span>, meaning "saddle," "riding saddle," with which we may compare the Indian <span class="accented">paryang.</span> "bed." Others find a Chaldee root for the word, <span class="hebrew">פָרָא</span>, "to run," as <span class="accented">currus</span> in Latin, or from a root <span class="hebrew">גָּאַר</span>, "to shine," <span class="accented">i.e."</span> to be adorned." At all events, it would not be safe to argue the late date of the book from such a word as <span class="accented">appiryon</span>, on account of its resemblance to a Greek word. The "wood of Lebanon" is, of course, the cedar or cypress (<a href="/1_kings/5-10.htm">1 Kings 5:10</a>, etc.). There may be a covert allusion intended to the decoration of the temple as the place where the honour of the Lord dwelleth, and where he meets his people. The frame of the palanquin was of wood, the ornaments of silver. The references to the high value set upon silver, while gold is spoken of as though it was abundant, are indications of the age in which the poem was composed, which must have been nearly contemporaneous with the Homeric poems, in which gold is spoken of similarly. Recent discoveries of the tomb of Agamemnon, etc., confirm the literary argument. The palanquins of India are also highly decorated. The daughters of Jerusalem, <span class="accented">i.e.</span> the ladies of the court, in their affection for King Solomon, have procured a costly tapestry, or several such, which they have spread over the purple cushion. Thus it is paved, or covered over, with the tokens of love - while all love is but a preparation for this supreme love. (For the purple coverings of the seat, see <a href="/judges/5-10.htm">Judges 5:10</a>; <a href="/amos/3-12.htm">Amos 3:12</a>; <a href="/proverbs/7-16.htm">Proverbs 7:16</a>.) The preposition <span class="hebrew">מִן</span> in the last clause is rendered differently by some, but there can be no doubt that the meaning is "on the part of," that is, coming from. The typical interpreter certainly finds a firm ground here. Whether we think of the individual believer or of the Church of God, the metaphor is very apt and beautiful - we are borne along towards the perfection of our peace and blessedness in a chariot of love. All that surrounds us speaks to us of the Saviour's love and of his royal magnificence, as he is adored by all the pure and lovely spirits in whose companionship he delights. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/songs/3-9.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">King</span><br /><span class="heb">הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ</span> <span class="translit">(ham·me·leḵ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> </span><span class="str2">A king</span><br /><br /><span class="word">Solomon</span><br /><span class="heb">שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה</span> <span class="translit">(šə·lō·mōh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_8010.htm">Strong's 8010: </a> </span><span class="str2">Solomon -- David's son and successor to his throne</span><br /><br /><span class="word">has made</span><br /><span class="heb">עָ֤שָׂה</span> <span class="translit">(‘ā·śāh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6213.htm">Strong's 6213: </a> </span><span class="str2">To do, make</span><br /><br /><span class="word">his carriage</span><br /><span class="heb">אַפִּרְי֗וֹן</span> <span class="translit">(’ap·pir·yō·wn)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_668.htm">Strong's 668: </a> </span><span class="str2">A sedan, litter, palanquin</span><br /><br /><span class="word">out of the timber</span><br /><span class="heb">מֵעֲצֵ֖י</span> <span class="translit">(mê·‘ă·ṣê)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-m | Noun - masculine plural construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6086.htm">Strong's 6086: </a> </span><span class="str2">Tree, trees, wood</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of Lebanon.</span><br /><span class="heb">הַלְּבָנֽוֹן׃</span> <span class="translit">(hal·lə·ḇā·nō·wn)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3844.htm">Strong's 3844: </a> </span><span class="str2">Lebanon -- a wooded mountain range on the northern border of Israel</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/songs/3-9.htm">Song of Solomon 3:9 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/songs/3-9.htm">Song of Solomon 3:9 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/songs/3-9.htm">Song of Solomon 3:9 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/songs/3-9.htm">Song of Solomon 3:9 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/songs/3-9.htm">Song of Solomon 3:9 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/songs/3-9.htm">Song of Solomon 3:9 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/songs/3-9.htm">Song of Solomon 3:9 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/songs/3-9.htm">Song of Solomon 3:9 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/songs/3-9.htm">Song of Solomon 3:9 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/songs/3-9.htm">Song of Solomon 3:9 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/songs/3-9.htm">OT Poetry: Song of Solomon 3:9 King Solomon made himself a carriage (Song Songs SS So Can)</a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/songs/3-8.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Song of Solomon 3:8"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Song of Solomon 3:8" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/songs/3-10.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Song of Solomon 3:10"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Song of Solomon 3:10" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>