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href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ms.wikipedia.org&uselang=ms" class=""><span>Derma</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Buka_akaun&returnto=Unsur+kumpulan+6" title="Anda digalakkan untuk membuka akaun dan melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ianya tidak wajib" class=""><span>Buka akaun</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Log_masuk&returnto=Unsur+kumpulan+6" title="Anda digalakkan untuk melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ia tidak wajib. 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href="#Kewujudan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Kewujudan</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kewujudan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Togol subbahagian Kewujudan</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kewujudan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Biologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Biologi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_juga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_juga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Lihat juga</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_juga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Kandungan" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Togol isi kandungan" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Togol isi kandungan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Unsur kumpulan 6</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke rencana dalam bahasa lain. Tersedia dalam 53 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-53" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">53 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%A9" title="عناصر المجموعة السادسة – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عناصر المجموعة السادسة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupo_6_d%27a_tabla_periodica" title="Grupo 6 d'a tabla periodica – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Grupo 6 d'a tabla periodica" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementos_del_grupu_6" title="Elementos del grupu 6 – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Elementos del grupu 6" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B6vri_sistemin_6-c%C4%B1_qrupu" title="Dövri sistemin 6-cı qrupu – Azerbaijan" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dövri sistemin 6-cı qrupu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unsur_golongan_6" title="Unsur golongan 6 – Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Unsur golongan 6" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datu_golongan_6" title="Datu golongan 6 – Bali" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Datu golongan 6" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Bali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A0_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%B2" title="ষষ্ঠ শ্রেণীর মৌল – Benggali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ষষ্ঠ শ্রেণীর মৌল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Benggali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/6._grupa_hemijskih_elemenata" title="6. grupa hemijskih elemenata – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="6. grupa hemijskih elemenata" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0_6_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Група 6 на периодичната система – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Група 6 на периодичната система" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grup_6_de_la_taula_peri%C3%B2dica" title="Grup 6 de la taula periòdica – Catalonia" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Grup 6 de la taula periòdica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/6._skupina" title="6. skupina – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="6. skupina" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elfen_Gr%C5%B5p_6" title="Elfen Grŵp 6 – Wales" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Elfen Grŵp 6" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wales" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromgruppe" title="Chromgruppe – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Chromgruppe" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_6_element" title="Group 6 element – Inggeris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Group 6 element" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggeris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Хромонь алокурось – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Хромонь алокурось" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementos_del_grupo_6" title="Elementos del grupo 6 – Sepanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Elementos del grupo 6" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Sepanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elemento_de_grupo_6" title="Elemento de grupo 6 – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Elemento de grupo 6" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/6._taldeko_elementu" title="6. taldeko elementu – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="6. taldeko elementu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%87_%DB%B6_%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="گروه ۶ جدول تناوبی – Parsi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گروه ۶ جدول تناوبی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Parsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_6_du_tableau_p%C3%A9riodique" title="Groupe 6 du tableau périodique – Perancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Groupe 6 du tableau périodique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Perancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%BAil_Ghr%C3%BApa_6" title="Dúil Ghrúpa 6 – Ireland" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Dúil Ghrúpa 6" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Ireland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementos_do_grupo_6" title="Elementos do grupo 6 – Galicia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Elementos do grupo 6" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/6%EC%A1%B1_%EC%9B%90%EC%86%8C" title="6족 원소 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="6족 원소" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B9_%E0%A5%AC_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="समूह ६ तत्व – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="समूह ६ तत्व" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementi_del_gruppo_6" title="Elementi del gruppo 6 – Itali" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Elementi del gruppo 6" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Itali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupp_6_de_la_taula_peri%C3%B2dica" title="Grupp 6 de la taula periòdica – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Grupp 6 de la taula periòdica" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0_6_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Група 6 на периодниот систем – Macedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Група 6 на периодниот систем" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chroomgroep" title="Chroomgroep – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Chroomgroep" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%AC6%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第6族元素 – Jepun" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="第6族元素" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kroomsk%C3%B6%C3%B6l" title="Kroomskööl – Frisian Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kroomskööl" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisian Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gruppe_6" title="Gruppe 6 – Nynorsk Norway" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Gruppe 6" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%AA_6_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4" title="ਗਰੁੱਪ 6 ਤੱਤ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗਰੁੱਪ 6 ਤੱਤ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromowce" title="Chromowce – Poland" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Chromowce" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementos_do_Grupo_6" title="Elementos do Grupo 6 – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Elementos do Grupo 6" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupa_Cromului" title="Grupa Cromului – Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Grupa Cromului" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Подгруппа хрома – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Подгруппа хрома" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupi_i_gjasht%C3%AB_i_elementeve_kimike" title="Grupi i gjashtë i elementeve kimike – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Grupi i gjashtë i elementeve kimike" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_6_element" title="Group 6 element – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Group 6 element" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/6._skupina" title="6. skupina – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="6. skupina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromova_skupina" title="Kromova skupina – Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kromova skupina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qaybta_6_ee_curiye" title="Qaybta 6 ee curiye – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Qaybta 6 ee curiye" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/6._%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="6. група хемијских елемената – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="6. група хемијских елемената" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/6._grupa_hemijskih_elemenata" title="6. grupa hemijskih elemenata – SerboCroatia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="6. grupa hemijskih elemenata" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="SerboCroatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryhm%C3%A4n_6_alkuaine" title="Ryhmän 6 alkuaine – Finland" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ryhmän 6 alkuaine" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupp_6-element" title="Grupp 6-element – Sweden" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Grupp 6-element" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweden" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81_6_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="நெடுங்குழு 6 தனிமங்கள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நெடுங்குழு 6 தனிமங்கள்" 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<button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Daripada Wikipedia, ensiklopedia bebas.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ms" dir="ltr"><table style="float: right; border: 1px solid #ccc; margin: 0.5em 0pt 0.8em 1.4em; padding: 3px !important; width: 75px;"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Kumpulan_jadual_berkala" title="Kumpulan jadual berkala">Kumpulan</a> →</th> <th>6 </th></tr> <tr> <th>↓ <a href="/wiki/Kala_jadual_berkala" title="Kala jadual berkala">Kala</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Unsur_kala_4" title="Unsur kala 4"><b>4</b></a> </th> <td style="text-align:center; background-color:#ffc0c0; color:black; border:1px solid black;">24<br /> <a href="/wiki/Kromium" title="Kromium">Cr</a>  </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Unsur_kala_5" title="Unsur kala 5"><b>5</b></a> </th> <td style="text-align:center; background-color:#ffc0c0; color:black; border:1px solid black;">42<br /> <a href="/wiki/Molibdenum" title="Molibdenum">Mo</a>  </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Unsur_kala_6" title="Unsur kala 6"><b>6</b></a> </th> <td style="text-align:center; background-color:#ffc0c0; color:black; border:1px solid black;">74<br /> <a href="/wiki/Tungsten" title="Tungsten">W</a>  </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Unsur_kala_7" title="Unsur kala 7"><b>7</b></a> </th> <td style="text-align:center; background-color:#ffc0c0; color:black; border:1px dashed black;">106<br /> <a href="/wiki/Seaborgium" class="mw-redirect" title="Seaborgium">Sg</a>  </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Kumpulan unsur 6</b> juga dikenali sebagai <b>kumpulan Kromium</b> merupakan kumpulan <a href="/wiki/Unsur_kimia" title="Unsur kimia">unsur kimia</a> yang terkandung dalam <a href="/wiki/Kumpulan_jadual_berkala" title="Kumpulan jadual berkala">lajur</a> ke-6 (sistem <a href="/wiki/IUPAC" title="IUPAC">IUPAC</a>) <a href="/wiki/Jadual_berkala" title="Jadual berkala">jadual berkala unsur</a>. Kumpulan ini terdiri daripada <a href="/wiki/Kromium" title="Kromium">kromium</a> (<b>Cr</b>), <a href="/wiki/Molibdenum" title="Molibdenum">molibdenum</a> (<b>Mo</b>), <a href="/wiki/Tungsten" title="Tungsten">tungsten</a> (<b>W</b>), dan <a href="/wiki/Seaborgium" class="mw-redirect" title="Seaborgium">seaborgium</a> (<b>Sg</b>). Unsur-unsur kumpulan ini mempunyai <a href="/wiki/Nombor_pengoksidaan" class="mw-redirect" title="Nombor pengoksidaan">nombor pengoksidaan</a> +2, +3 dan +6. </p><p>Sebagai mana kumpulan unsur lain, unsur-unsur dalam kumpulan ini menunjukkan corak dalam <a href="/wiki/Konfigurasi_elektron" title="Konfigurasi elektron">konfigurasi elektronnya</a>, terutamanya petala paling luar, dan seterusnya <a href="/wiki/Sifat_kimia" title="Sifat kimia">sifat kimia</a> mereka. </p> <table class="wikitable" border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Nombor_atom" title="Nombor atom">Z</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Unsur_kimia" title="Unsur kimia">Unsur</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Petala_elektron" title="Petala elektron">Bilangan elektron/petala</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Nombor_pengoksidaan" class="mw-redirect" title="Nombor pengoksidaan">nombor pengoksidaan</a> utama </th></tr> <tr> <td>24</td> <td>kromium</td> <td>2, 8, 13, 1</td> <td>0,+2,+3,+6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>42</td> <td>molibdenum</td> <td>2, 8, 18, 13, 1</td> <td>0,+4,+6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>74</td> <td>tungsten</td> <td>2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2</td> <td>0,+6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>106</td> <td>seaborgium</td> <td>2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 12, 2</td> <td>0,+6(dikirakan) </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>“Kumpulan 6” adalah nama baru yang diperkenalkan oleh IUPAC; nama lamanya ialah “<i>kumpulan VIA</i>” dalam sistem lama di Eropah atau “<i>kumpulan VIB</i>” dalam sistem lama di Amerika Syarikat. Kumpulan 6 tidak patut menjadi kekeliruan dengan <b>kumpulan VIB</b> (sistem Eropah) atau <b>Kumpulan VIA</b> (sistem AS) kerana kumpulan-kumpulan itu telah ditukarkan namanya kepada <a href="/wiki/Kumpulan_kalkogen" title="Kumpulan kalkogen">kumpulan 16</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ciri-ciri">Ciri-ciri</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Unsur_kumpulan_6&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bahagian: Ciri-ciri" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Unsur_kumpulan_6&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Ciri-ciri"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="prettytable centered" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%"> <tbody><tr> <td class="hintergrundfarbe6" colspan="5"><b>Ciri-ciri unsur kumpulan 6</b> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#ffffff; text-align:center;"> <td align="left" bgcolor="lightgrey">Name </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kromium" title="Kromium">Kromium</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Molibdenum" title="Molibdenum">Molibdenum</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tungsten" title="Tungsten">Tungsten</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Seaborgium" class="mw-redirect" title="Seaborgium">Seaborgium</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#ffffff; text-align:center;"> <td align="left" bgcolor="lightgrey"><a href="/wiki/Takat_lebur" title="Takat lebur">Takat lebur</a> </td> <td>2130 K (1857 °C)</td> <td>2896 K (2623 °C)</td> <td>3695 K (3422 °C)</td> <td>? </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#ffffff; text-align:center;"> <td align="left" bgcolor="lightgrey"><a href="/wiki/Takat_didih" title="Takat didih">Takat didih</a> </td> <td>2945 K (2672 °C)</td> <td>4912 K (4639 °C)</td> <td>5828 K (5555 °C)</td> <td>? </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#ffffff; text-align:center;"> <td align="left" bgcolor="lightgrey"><a href="/wiki/Ketumpatan" title="Ketumpatan">Ketumpatan</a> </td> <td>7.14 g•cm<sup>−3</sup></td> <td>10.28 g•cm<sup>−3</sup></td> <td>19.25 g•cm<sup>−3</sup></td> <td>? </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#ffffff; text-align:center;"> <td align="left" bgcolor="lightgrey">Sifat fizikal </td> <td>perak berkilau</td> <td>perak keputihan sehingga<br /> kelabu berkilau</td> <td>putih berkilat<br /> berkilat</td> <td>? </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left" bgcolor="lightgrey"><a href="/wiki/Jejari_atom" title="Jejari atom">Jejari atom</a> </td> <td>140 pm</td> <td>145 pm</td> <td>146 pm</td> <td>? </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 669px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Chromium_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kromium"><img alt="Kromium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Chromium_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/180px-Chromium_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Chromium_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/270px-Chromium_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Chromium_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/360px-Chromium_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5279" data-file-height="3153" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kromium</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Molybdenum_crystaline_fragment_and_1cm3_cube.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Molibdenum"><img alt="Molibdenum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Molybdenum_crystaline_fragment_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/180px-Molybdenum_crystaline_fragment_and_1cm3_cube.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Molybdenum_crystaline_fragment_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/270px-Molybdenum_crystaline_fragment_and_1cm3_cube.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Molybdenum_crystaline_fragment_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/360px-Molybdenum_crystaline_fragment_and_1cm3_cube.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5148" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Molibdenum</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Wolfram_evaporated_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tungsten"><img alt="Tungsten" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Wolfram_evaporated_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/180px-Wolfram_evaporated_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Wolfram_evaporated_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/270px-Wolfram_evaporated_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Wolfram_evaporated_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/360px-Wolfram_evaporated_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="2988" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Tungsten</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kewujudan">Kewujudan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Unsur_kumpulan_6&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bahagian: Kewujudan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Unsur_kumpulan_6&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Kewujudan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Biologi">Biologi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Unsur_kumpulan_6&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bahagian: Biologi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Unsur_kumpulan_6&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Biologi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kumpulan 6 adalah dikenali dan agak penting kerana ia mengandungi unsur dalam kala ke-5 dan ke-6nya yang diketahui mempunyai peranan dalam biologi kimia <a href="/wiki/Organisma" title="Organisma">organisma</a> hidup. Molibdenum sering dijumpai dalam <a href="/wiki/Enzim" title="Enzim">enzim</a> kebanyakan organisma manakala tungsten juga telah disahkan mempunyai peranan yang sama iaitu sebagai enzim dalam sesetengah hidupan seperti <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pyrococcus_furiosus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pyrococcus furiosus (laman tidak wujud)">Pyrococcus furiosus</a></i>. Dalam pada itu, hasil kajian juga membuktikan kromium mempunyai beberapa peranan dalam biologi; ia dipercayai dapat membentuk sebahagian enzim metabolisma <a href="/wiki/Glukosa" title="Glukosa">glukosa</a> dalam sesetengah <a href="/wiki/Mamalia" title="Mamalia">mamalia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Unsur_kumpulan_6&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bahagian: Lihat juga" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Unsur_kumpulan_6&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Lihat juga"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Logam_peralihan" title="Logam peralihan">Logam peralihan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jadual_berkala" title="Jadual berkala">Jadual berkala</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Jadual_berkala" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5375175">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Jadual_berkala_(penuh)" title="Jadual berkala (penuh)">Nama penuh</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Jadual_berkala_(terperinci)" title="Jadual berkala (terperinci)">Nama dan jisim atom</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Jadual_berkala_(logam_dan_bukan_logam)" title="Jadual berkala (logam dan bukan logam)">Logam dan bukan logam</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Jadual_berkala_(blok)" title="Jadual berkala (blok)">Blok</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jadual_berkala_(valens)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jadual berkala (valens) (laman tidak wujud)">Valens</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jadual_berkala_(tatarajah_elektron)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jadual berkala (tatarajah elektron) (laman tidak wujud)">Tatarajah elektron</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Jisim_atom/Jadual" title="Jisim atom/Jadual">Jisim atom</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Keelektronegatifan" title="Keelektronegatifan">Keelektronegatifan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Jadual_berkala_alternatif" title="Jadual berkala alternatif">Alternatif</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senarai unsur</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Senarai_unsur_mengikut_nama" title="Senarai unsur mengikut nama">Nama</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Senarai_unsur_mengikut_simbol" title="Senarai unsur mengikut simbol">Simbol atom</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Senarai_unsur_mengikut_nombor_atom" title="Senarai unsur mengikut nombor atom">Nombor atom</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Senarai_unsur_mengikut_takat_didih" title="Senarai unsur mengikut takat didih">Takat didih</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Senarai_unsur_mengikut_takat_lebur" title="Senarai unsur mengikut takat lebur">Takat lebur</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Senarai_unsur_mengikut_ketumpatan" title="Senarai unsur mengikut ketumpatan">Ketumpatan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Senarai_unsur_mengikut_jisim_atom" title="Senarai unsur mengikut jisim atom">Jisim atom</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kumpulan_jadual_berkala" title="Kumpulan jadual berkala">Kumpulan</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Logam_alkali" title="Logam alkali">1</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Logam_alkali_bumi" title="Logam alkali bumi">2</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Unsur_kumpulan_3" title="Unsur kumpulan 3">3</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Unsur_kumpulan_4" title="Unsur kumpulan 4">4</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Unsur_kumpulan_5" title="Unsur kumpulan 5">5</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a class="mw-selflink selflink">6</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Unsur_kumpulan_7" title="Unsur kumpulan 7">7</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Unsur_kumpulan_8" title="Unsur kumpulan 8">8</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Unsur_kumpulan_9" title="Unsur kumpulan 9">9</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Unsur_kumpulan_10" title="Unsur kumpulan 10">10</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Unsur_kumpulan_11" title="Unsur kumpulan 11">11</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Unsur_kumpulan_12" title="Unsur kumpulan 12">12</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Kumpulan_boron" title="Kumpulan boron">13</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Kumpulan_karbon" title="Kumpulan karbon">14</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Kumpulan_nitrogen" title="Kumpulan nitrogen">15</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Kalkogen" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalkogen">16</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Halogen" title="Halogen">17</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Gas_adi" title="Gas adi">18</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kala_jadual_berkala" title="Kala jadual berkala"><b>Kala:</b></a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Unsur_kala_1" title="Unsur kala 1">1</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Unsur_kala_2" title="Unsur kala 2">2</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Unsur_kala_3" title="Unsur kala 3">3</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Unsur_kala_4" title="Unsur kala 4">4</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Unsur_kala_5" title="Unsur kala 5">5</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Unsur_kala_6" title="Unsur kala 6">6</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Unsur_kala_7" title="Unsur kala 7">7</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Unsur_kala_8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Unsur kala 8 (laman tidak wujud)">8</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Siri</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Logam_alkali" title="Logam alkali">Alkali</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Logam_alkali_bumi" title="Logam alkali bumi">Logam alkali bumi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Lantanid" title="Lantanid">Lantanid</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Aktinid" class="mw-redirect" title="Aktinid">Aktinid</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Logam_peralihan" title="Logam peralihan">Logam peralihan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Logam_lemah" title="Logam lemah">Logam lemah</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Metaloid" title="Metaloid">Metaloid</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Bukan_logam" title="Bukan logam">Bukan logam</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Halogen" title="Halogen">Halogen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Gas_adi" title="Gas adi">Gas adi</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Blok_jadual_berkala" title="Blok jadual berkala">Blok</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Blok-s" class="mw-redirect" title="Blok-s">blok-s</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Blok-p" class="mw-redirect" title="Blok-p">blok-p</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Blok-d" class="mw-redirect" title="Blok-d">blok-d</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Blok-f" class="mw-redirect" title="Blok-f">blok-f</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> •</span>  <a href="/wiki/Blok-g" class="mw-redirect" 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