Prospectives scientifiques interdisciplinaires : éclairer l’ambition

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xlink:href="/themes/custom/inrae_socle/public/dist/main.svg#icon-arrow"></use><g></g></svg> </li> <li class="Breadcrumbs-item" aria-current="page"> <span>Prospectives scientifiques interdisciplinaires : éclairer l’ambition</span> </li> </ul> </nav> <main> <a id="main-content" tabindex="-1"></a> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> <article> <header class="SuperHero" style="background-image: url('/sites/default/files/styles/carrefour/public/jpg/0009-0004.jpg?itok=qgtwXcY7')" > <div class="SuperHero-content"> <h1 class="SuperHero-title">Prospectives scientifiques interdisciplinaires : éclairer l’ambition</h1> <span class="SuperHero-hr" style=" margin-bottom: 10px;" ></span> <p class="SuperHero-intro">Six prospectives scientifiques interdisciplinaires, conduites sur la période 2017-2019, ont permis d’anticiper les nouveaux besoins de recherche d’INRAE et de nourrir son projet global d’établissement. Elles apportent un éclairage sur les futurs fronts de science, enrichissent les choix d’orientation et de développement des partenariats qu’ils soient scientifiques, socio-économiques ou de formation.</p> </div> </header> <div class="Summary Summary--sticky"> <button class="Summary-toggle" data-summary-toggle aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="summary_584"> <span class="Summary-inner"> Sommaire <svg class="icon icon-triangle" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="20" height="20"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/inrae_socle/public/dist/main.svg#icon-triangle"></use><g></g></svg> </span> </button> <ol class="Summary-list" id="summary_584" hidden data-summary data-summaryscope="body" data-summarymatch=".SectionHead-title"> </ol> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--paragraph-wysiwyg paragraph--view-mode--default"> <section class="Wrapper"> <div class="Wrapper-content"> <div class="Wrapper-columns"> <div class="Wrapper-colMain"> <div class="RichText" data-summary-content> <p><span><span><span>Elles portent sur <strong>des sujets stratégiques</strong> à la croisée de nombreux enjeux : l’agroécologie, les approches prédictives pour la biologie et l’écologie, la santé au cœur des relations entre l’alimentation, l’agriculture et l’environnement, l’élevage de demain, la bioéconomie, et les risques naturels, alimentaires et environnementaux.</span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span>Ces prospectives scientifiques interdisciplinaires ont mobilisé près de 250 scientifiques d’INRAE, ainsi que d’autres organismes (Inria, CNRS et Inserm) et les rapports produits ont été discutés au sein du conseil scientifique de l’Institut.</span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><strong>Chaque rapport identifie les défis et priorités scientifiques et les actions pour les mettre en œuvre</strong>, et plus largement pour soutenir la stratégie de l’Institut sur ces thématiques : </span></span></span></p> <ul> <li><span><span><span>Animation scientifique pour fédérer les communautés et développer l’interdisciplinarité</span></span></span></li> <li><span><span><span>Soutien à des projets de recherche innovants et à des infrastructures scientifiques</span></span></span></li> <li><span><span><span>Développement des compétences</span></span></span></li> <li><span><span><span>Mise en place de collaborations avec des partenaires académiques et socio-économiques</span></span></span></li> <li><span><span><span>Rayonnement et attractivité d’INRAE</span></span></span></li> <li><span><span><span>Liens avec l’expertise et l’appui aux politiques publiques</span></span></span></li> </ul> <p><span><span><span>Ces prospectives scientifiques interdisciplinaires <strong>éclairent l’ambition scientifique d’INRAE à l’horizon 2030</strong>, et sous-tendent la mise en place de nos métaprogrammes de 2<sup>e </sup>génération et les futurs schémas stratégiques des départements.</span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><a id="agroecologie" name="agroecologie"></a></span></span></span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--paragraph-wysiwyg paragraph--view-mode--default"> <section class="Wrapper Wrapper--purpleDark"> <div class="Wrapper-content"> <header class="SectionHead"> <div class="SectionHead-titles"> <h2 class="SectionHead-title"> Agroécologie </h2> </div> </header> <div class="Wrapper-columns"> <div class="Wrapper-colMain"> <div class="RichText" data-summary-content> <span class="align-left"> <a href="https://www.inrae.fr/sites/default/files/pdf/20190431_Rapport_final_ARP_AE_diffusion_vf_oct2020.pdf" target="_blank"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/richtext_small/public/jpg/20190431_Rapport_final_ARP_AE_diffusion_vf_oct2020-1.jpg?itok=tOO3OQfH" width="280" height="396" alt> </a> </span> <p><span><span><span>L’agroécologie en tant que discipline scientifique, remet l’écologie au centre de la conception des systèmes agricoles et de l’accompagnement de leur transition. Elle est maintenant bien présente dans nos recherches. Les axes de recherche à développer visent à <strong>diversifier </strong>le vivant au sein des agroécosystèmes  <strong>pour les rendre plus robustes, plus résilients</strong>. Cette diversification des espèces, variétés, successions culturales... conduit à des produits plus variés. Les conséquences sont importantes sur les filières et les systèmes agri-alimentaires, allant du <strong>mode de production aux produits consommés</strong>. Ces changements multi-échelles s’inscrivent sur le long terme. Génétique, écologie du paysage et modélisation sont particulièrement mobilisées. La <strong>transition </strong>agroécologique, adaptative, se coconstruisant avec les acteurs, est en soi un sujet de recherche mobilisant également l’économie et les sciences humaines et sociales.</span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span>> <a href="/actualites/prospective-interdisciplinaire-agroecologie">Rapport, Ouvrage et communiqué de presse</a></span></span></span><br> <a href="https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02154433">DOI : 10.15454/heimwa</a></p> <p><a id="biopredict" name="biopredict"></a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--paragraph-wysiwyg paragraph--view-mode--default"> <section class="Wrapper Wrapper--gray"> <div class="Wrapper-content"> <header class="SectionHead"> <div class="SectionHead-titles"> <h2 class="SectionHead-title"> Approches prédictives pour la biologie et l’écologie </h2> </div> </header> <div class="Wrapper-columns"> <div class="Wrapper-colMain"> <div class="RichText" data-summary-content> <span class="align-right"> <a href="https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02791153" target="_blank"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/richtext_small/public/jpg/0-RapportBiolPredict_Dec2019_final-1.jpg?itok=SvR4110l" width="280" height="396" alt> </a> </span> <p><span><span><span>Ces approches sont étroitement liées au caractère de plus en plus interdisciplinaire de la science, à l’explosion du « big data » et aux bouleversements induits par la transition numérique et l’intelligence artificielle. Elles s’inscrivent non seulement dans des objectifs de <strong>compréhension fine</strong> des s<strong>ystèmes</strong><strong> biologiques et écologiques</strong> mais aussi de <strong>prédiction de leurs réactions face <span class="scayt-misspell-word">aux</span> <span class="scayt-misspell-word">changements</span> <span class="scayt-misspell-word">globaux</span></strong> qui sont à la fois complexes, dynamiques et incertains. Les thèmes traités couvrent toutes les échelles, depuis la compréhension des voies métaboliques jusqu’au comportement des organismes dans l’environnement, depuis le concept d’holobionte jusqu’à la prédiction de l'exposition aux contaminants, des pratiques agricoles jusqu’à la consommation, des invasions biologiques jusqu’aux impacts écologiques des changements globaux. <span>Un dernier thème, transversal et méthodologique, présente des défis dans les domaines des données, systèmes d’information et de leurs analyses.</span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span>> <a href="/actualites/approches-predictives-biologie-lecologie-linra-adopte-plan-daction-ambitieux-domaine-scientifique-essentiel">Communiqué de presse</a></span></span></span></span><br> <a href="https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02791153" target="_blank">DOI : 10.15454/1.5783037069682676e12</a></p> <p><a id="nexus-sante" name="nexus-sante"></a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--paragraph-wysiwyg paragraph--view-mode--default"> <section class="Wrapper"> <div class="Wrapper-content"> <header class="SectionHead"> <div class="SectionHead-titles"> <h2 class="SectionHead-title"> Nexus Santé : la santé moteur des transitions agricole, alimentaire et environnementale </h2> </div> </header> <div class="Wrapper-columns"> <div class="Wrapper-colMain"> <div class="RichText" data-summary-content> <span class="align-left"> <a href="https://www.inrae.fr/sites/default/files/pdf/Prospective%20Nexus%20sant%C3%A9%20-%20INRAE%20finalo.pdf" target="_blank"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/richtext_small/public/jpg/Prospective%20Nexus%20sant%C3%A9%20-%20INRAE%20finalo-1.jpg?itok=UsWKDr2N" width="280" height="396" alt> </a> </span> <p><span><span><span>L’approche « nexus » explore les <strong>relations complexes entre notre santé et notre alimentation</strong> - à travers la qualité des aliments et les régimes alimentaires -, mais aussi <strong>la production agricole et ses impacts sur l’environnement</strong> dont l’état influence aussi notre santé. Considérer <strong>la santé globale comme moteur possible de la transformation</strong> du système alimentaire a conduit cette réflexion à mettre en avant des recherches visant tout d’abord à mieux comprendre les liens entre les divers mécanismes qui, via la production et la consommation alimentaires, la dynamique des écosystèmes et les pollutions de l’air et de l’eau, affectent la santé humaine sur différentes échelles d’espace et de temps. Elle a ensuite conduit à caractériser les voies de recherche à privilégier pour progresser dans la conception et l’évaluation des leviers d’action (innovations, politiques publiques, comportements d’acteurs) susceptibles de rendre possibles les transitions requises pour améliorer les impacts du système alimentaire sur la santé globale.</span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.15454/fycc-jx29" target="_blank">DOI : 10.15454/fycc-jx29</a></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span>   <a id="risques" name="risques"></a></span></span></span></p> <div class="Linkbox"> <div class="Linkbox-content"><span class="Linkbox-mention">Le grand dossier</span> <a class="Linkbox-title" href="/alimentation-sante-globale/one-health-seule-sante" target="_blank"> <span class="Linkbox-title-text">Quelles recherches pour accompagner la transition vers des systèmes alimentaires sains et durables ?</span> <span class="Linkbox-icon"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon icon-link" focusable="false" height="20" width="20"><use href="/themes/custom/inrae_socle/public/dist/main.svg#icon-link" /></svg><span class="hidden">(nouvelle fenêtre)</span> </span> </a> <p class="Linkbox-text">Homme, animal, environnment, une seule santé. Du champ à l'assiette, quels leviers d'action pour des bénéfices santé ? Quel impact des régimes alimentaires et des modes de consommation ? Quelles politiques publiques pour favoriser les transitions ?</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--paragraph-wysiwyg paragraph--view-mode--default"> <section class="Wrapper Wrapper--purpleDark"> <div class="Wrapper-content"> <header class="SectionHead"> <div class="SectionHead-titles"> <h2 class="SectionHead-title"> Gestion des risques naturels, alimentaires et environnementaux </h2> </div> </header> <div class="Wrapper-columns"> <div class="Wrapper-colMain"> <div class="RichText" data-summary-content> <span class="align-right"> <a href="https://www.inrae.fr/sites/default/files/pdf/20210625_ARP Risques_Synthèse pour web.docx.pdf"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/richtext_small/public/jpg/20210625_ARP%20Risques_Synth%C3%A8se%20pour%20web.jpg?itok=OegwiM07" width="280" height="396" alt> </a> </span> <p><span><span><span>La réflexion a permis de dégager un consensus autour de la <strong>définition du risque</strong> comme   combinaison entre l’aléa ou le danger avec l’exposition et la vulnérabilité des entités exposées. Ce cadre permet d<strong>’expliciter</strong><strong> les interdépendances et les effets en cascade dans le cas des risques multiples.</strong> Il s’agit notamment d’établir un cadre systémique partagé pour connaître et agir, apporter des éléments de réponse à des questions sociétales, et développer des approches intégrées pour mieux prévoir, prévenir et s’adapter à des multiples aléas, en étudiant leurs interactions et leurs impacts.</span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span>DOI : <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.15454/db0p-0s25"><span>10.15454/db0p-0s25</span></a></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><a id="bioeconomie" name="bioeconomie"></a></span></span></span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--paragraph-wysiwyg paragraph--view-mode--default"> <section class="Wrapper Wrapper--gray"> <div class="Wrapper-content"> <header class="SectionHead"> <div class="SectionHead-titles"> <h2 class="SectionHead-title"> Bioéconomie </h2> </div> </header> <div class="Wrapper-columns"> <div class="Wrapper-colMain"> <div class="RichText" data-summary-content> <span class="align-left"> <a href="https://www.inrae.fr/sites/default/files/pdf/Prospective%20Bioeconomie%202020_VF-15%20juin.pdf" target="_blank"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/richtext_small/public/jpg/Prospective%20Bioeconomie%202020_VF-15%20juin-1.jpg?itok=Toqi2kFw" width="280" height="396" alt> </a> </span> <p><span><span><span>La vision stratégique d’INRAE est d’<strong>apporter</strong><strong> des solutions et d’éclairer les décisions publiques pour une bioéconomie durable, circulaire, ancrée dans les territoires</strong>. La prospective analyse les priorités en lien avec la production et la mobilisation durable de la biomasse sous contrainte des changements globaux tout en préservant les ressources et les écosystèmes. Elle analyse également les enjeux liés à l’optimisation de la transformation de la biomasse, tout en limitant la génération de déchets, et en veillant au bouclage des cycles du carbone, de l’azote et du phosphore. Enfin elle cherche à répondre à la question de l’organisation et la gestion des flux et des marchés dans un contexte de fortes incertitudes. </span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span>DOI <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.15454/x30b-qd69" target="_blank"><span>10.15454/x30b-qd69</span></a></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><a id="elevages" name="elevages"></a></span></span></span></span></span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--paragraph-wysiwyg paragraph--view-mode--default"> <section class="Wrapper"> <div class="Wrapper-content"> <header class="SectionHead"> <div class="SectionHead-titles"> <h2 class="SectionHead-title"> Sciences pour les élevages de demain </h2> </div> </header> <div class="Wrapper-columns"> <div class="Wrapper-colMain"> <div class="RichText" data-summary-content> <span class="align-right"> <a href="https://www.inrae.fr/sites/default/files/pdf/Prospective%20Elevage%20RAPPORT%20synth%C3%A8se-VF3.pdf" target="_blank"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/richtext_small/public/jpg/Prospective%20Elevage%20RAPPORT%20synth%C3%A8se-VF2-1.jpg?itok=y3CAP5cf" width="280" height="396" alt> </a> </span> <p><span><span><span>Afin de <strong>repenser la place et le rôle de l’élevage pour une agriculture et une alimentation plus durable</strong>, la réflexion analyse le contexte et les forces motrices à l’œuvre, explore les futurs possibles et propose une vision et des voies de progrès pour penser l’élevage de demain. Elle permet d’éclairer INRAE sur les actions à mettre en œuvre pour développer une recherche ambitieuse, sur et pour l’élevage de demain, permettant de favoriser et accompagner les changements.</span></span></span></p> <p><a href="https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02899978" target="_blank">DOI : 10.15454/x83c-0674</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </article> </main> <div class="SocialNetwork"> <button class="SocialNetwork-btn" data-socialbtn aria-controls="social-network" aria-expanded="false"> <svg class="icon icon-social" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="20" height="20"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/inrae_socle/public/dist/main.svg#icon-social"></use><g></g></svg> <span class="hidden">Partager sur les réseaux sociaux </span> </button> <div class="SocialNetwork-content" id="social-network" data-social hidden> <ul class="SocialNetwork-list"> <li> <a class="SocialNetwork-item SocialNetwork-item--facebook" 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