CINXE.COM
Document Zbl 1489.54121 - zbMATH Open
<!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>Document Zbl 1489.54121 - zbMATH Open</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, minimum-scale=0.1, maximum-scale=5.0"> <meta name="robots" content="noarchive, noindex"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <link href="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/bootstrap/v3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen,print"> <link href="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/bootstrap/v3.3.7/css/bootstrap-theme.min.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen,print"> <link href="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/bootstrap-lightbox/v0.7.0/bootstrap-lightbox.min.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen,print"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/bootstrap-select/v1.13.14/css/bootstrap-select.min.css"> <link href="/static/css/smoothness/jquery-ui-1.10.1.custom.min.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen"> <link href="/static/styles.css?v=20241024" rel="stylesheet" media="screen,print"> <link href="https://static.zbmath.org/zbMathJax/v0.1.38/zbmathjax.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen,print"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/static/zbmath.ico"> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "Organization", "url": "https://zbmath.org/", "logo": "https://zbmath.org/static/zbMATH.png" } </script> </head> <body> <div id="line"></div> <span id="clear" style="cursor: pointer;">×</span> <div id="page"> <div id="head"> <nav id="menu" class="navbar navbar-default"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="navbar-header"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#zbnav" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#"> <img class="logo" src="/static/zbmath.gif" alt="zbMATH Open logo"> </a> </div> <div id="zbnav" class="collapse navbar-collapse"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav pages"> <li class="about"> <a href="/about/">About</a> </li> <li class="frequently-asked-questions"> <a href="/frequently-asked-questions/">FAQ</a> </li> <li class="general-help"> <a href="/general-help/">General Help</a> </li> <li class="reviewer-service"> <a href="https://zbmath.org/reviewer-service/" target="_self" >Reviewer Service</a> </li> <li> <a href="/tools-and-resources/">Tools & Resources</a> </li> <li class="contact"> <a href="/contact/">Contact</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right prefs"> <li class="preferences dropdown"> <a data-toggle="dropdown" href="#">Preferences <i class="caret"></i></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu preferences"> <li> <form id="preferences" class="navbar-form" method="post" action="/preferences/" onsubmit="return confirm('This website uses cookies for the purposes of storing preference information on your device. Do you agree to this?\n\nPlease refer to our Privacy Policy to learn more about our use of cookies.')" > <input type="hidden" name="path" value="/1489.54121?"> <span class=""> <label class="title">Search Form</label> <div class="form-group"> <input id="search-multi-line" type="radio" name="search" value="multi-line" checked> <label for="search-multi-line" class="radio">Multi-Line Search (default)</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="search-one-line" type="radio" name="search" value="one-line"> <label for="search-one-line" class="radio">One-Line Search</label> </div> </span> <span class="count"> <label class="title">Hits per Page</label> <div class="form-group"> <input id="count-10" type="radio" name="count" value="10"> <label for="count-10" class="radio">10</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="count-20" type="radio" name="count" value="20"> <label for="count-20" class="radio">20</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="count-50" type="radio" name="count" value="50"> <label for="count-50" class="radio">50</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="count-100" type="radio" name="count" value="100" checked> <label for="count-100" class="radio">100 (default)</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="count-200" type="radio" name="count" value="200"> <label for="count-200" class="radio">200</label> </div> </span> <span class="format"> <label class="title">Display Format</label> <div class="form-group"> <input id="format-mathjax" type="radio" name="format" value="mathjax" checked> <label for="format-mathjax" class="radio">MathJax (default)</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="format-amstex" type="radio" name="format" value="latex"> <label for="format-amstex" class="radio">LaTeX</label> </div> </span> <span class="ranking"> <label class="title">Documents Sorting</label> <div class="form-group"> <input id="documents-ranking-default" type="radio" name="documents_ranking" value="date" checked> <label for="documents-ranking-default" class="radio">Newest first (default)</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="documents-ranking-references" type="radio" name="documents_ranking" value="references"> <label for="documents-ranking-references" class="radio">Citations</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="documents-ranking-relevance" type="radio" name="documents_ranking" value="relevance"> <label for="documents-ranking-relevance" class="radio">Relevance</label> </div> </span> <span class="ranking"> <label class="title">Authors Sorting</label> <div class="form-group"> <input id="authors-ranking-default" type="radio" name="authors_ranking" value="alpha" checked> <label for="authors-ranking-default" class="radio">Alphabetically (default)</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="authors-ranking-references" type="radio" name="authors_ranking" value="references"> <label for="authors-ranking-references" class="radio">Citations</label> </div> </span> <span class="ranking"> <label class="title">Serials Sorting</label> <div class="form-group"> <input id="serials-ranking-default" type="radio" name="serials_ranking" value="alpha" checked> <label for="serials-ranking-default" class="radio">Alphabetically (default)</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="serials-ranking-references" type="radio" name="serials_ranking" value="references"> <label for="serials-ranking-references" class="radio">Citations</label> </div> </span> <span class="ranking"> <label class="title">Software Sorting</label> <div class="form-group"> <input id="software-ranking-default" type="radio" name="software_ranking" value="references" checked> <label for="software-ranking-default" class="radio">Citations (default)</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="software-ranking-alpha" type="radio" name="software_ranking" value="alpha"> <label for="software-ranking-alpha" class="radio">Alphabetically</label> </div> </span> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">OK</button> <div class="clearfix"> </form> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="tabs"> <h1 class="logo"> <a class="logo" href="/"> <img class="logo" src="/static/zbmath.gif" alt="zbMATH Open — the first resource for mathematics" > </a> </h1> <nav> <ul class="nav nav-tabs"> <li class="tab-documents active"> <a href="/">Documents</a> </li> <li class="tab-authors"> <a href="/authors/">Authors</a> </li> <li class="tab-serials"> <a href="/serials/">Serials</a> </li> <li class="tab-software"> <a href="/software/">Software</a> </li> <li class="tab-classification"> <a href="/classification/">Classification</a> </li> <li class="tab-formulae"> <a href="/formulae/">Formulæ</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> <div class="content-fixed"> <div class="content-formular"> <div style="display: none;"> <div class="row ml-0"id="multi-line-new-line" style="display: none;"> <div class="col-xs-12 form-inline multi-line"> <select class="form-control multi-line-field multi-line-selectpicker" name="ml-0-f" aria-label="field"> <option data-type="input" value="any" selected>Anywhere</option> <option data-type="input" value="au">Authors</option> <option data-type="input" value="ti">Title</option> <option data-type="input" value="py">Year</option> <option data-type="range" value="pyr">Year Range</option> <option data-type="input" value="cc">MSC</option> <option data-type="input" value="cc1">MSC Primary</option> <option data-type="input" value="so">Source / Journal</option> <option data-type="input" value="pu">Publisher</option> <option data-type="input" value="la">Language</option> <option data-type="input" value="ab">Summary / Review</option> <option data-type="input" value="rv">Reviewer</option> <option data-type="input" value="an">zbMATH ID</option> <option data-type="input" value="en">External ID</option> <option data-type="input" value="ut">Keywords</option> <option data-type="input" value="sw">Software</option> <option data-type="input" value="br">Biographic Ref</option> <option data-type="input" value="rft">Reference Text</option> <option data-type="multiselect-db" value="db">Database</option> <option data-divider="true"></option> <option data-function="remove-line" data-content='<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-minus" aria-hidden="true"></span> remove line' value="any">remove line</option> </select><input name="ml-0-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value"><select class="form-control multi-line-operators multi-line-selectpicker" name="ml-0-op" aria-label="operator"> <option value="and" selected>AND</option> <option value="andnot">AND NOT</option> <option value="or">OR</option> </select></div> </div> <input name="ml-0-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value" id="multi-line-type-input"> <span class="multi-line-value" id="multi-line-type-range"><span style="padding-left: 5px;">from</span> <input name="ml-0-v1" class="form-control multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value"> until <input name="ml-0-v2" class="form-control multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value"></span> <input name="ml-0-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value" id="multi-line-type-input-la" placeholder="use name or ISO code"> <input name="ml-0-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value" id="multi-line-type-input-rv" placeholder="enter name or zbMATH reviewer number"> <input name="ml-0-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value" id="multi-line-type-input-an" placeholder="Zbl, JFM or ERAM number"> <input name="ml-0-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value" id="multi-line-type-input-en" placeholder="e.g. DOI, ISBN, arXiv ID"> <input name="ml-0-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value" id="multi-line-type-input-sw" placeholder="use * to find all documents using software"> <input name="ml-0-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value" id="multi-line-type-input-br" placeholder="find documents about the life or work of a person"> <span class="multi-line-value" id="multi-line-type-multiselect-db"> <select class="multi-line-selectpicker" data-width="100%" multiple> <option value="zbl">Zbl</option> <option value="arxiv">arXiv</option> <option value="jfm">JFM</option> <option value="eram">ERAM</option> </select> <input type="hidden" class="multi-line-input" name="ml-0-v" value=""> </span> </div> <form name="documents" method="GET" action="/" autocomplete="off"> <div class="documents multi-line" style="display: none;"> <div class="forms"> <ul class="nav forms"> <li class="one-line"> <span tabindex="0" class="glyphicon glyphicon-question-sign" title="One-Line Search allows for free logical combinations of search fields" aria-label="One-Line Search allows for free logical combinations of search fields" data-placement="bottom"></span> <a style="display: inline-block;" href="#">One-Line Search <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-search"></span></a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> <div class="container-fluid"> <input type="hidden" id="multi-line-ml" name="ml" value="3"> <div id="multi-line-row-wrapper"> <div class="row ml-1"> <div class="col-xs-12 form-inline multi-line"> <select class="form-control multi-line-field multi-line-selectpicker" name="ml-1-f" aria-label="field"> <option data-type="input" value="any" selected>Anywhere</option> <option data-type="input" value="au">Authors</option> <option data-type="input" value="ti">Title</option> <option data-type="input" value="py">Year</option> <option data-type="range" value="pyr">Year Range</option> <option data-type="input" value="cc">MSC</option> <option data-type="input" value="cc1">MSC Primary</option> <option data-type="input" value="so">Source / Journal</option> <option data-type="input" value="pu">Publisher</option> <option data-type="input" value="la">Language</option> <option data-type="input" value="ab">Summary / Review</option> <option data-type="input" value="rv">Reviewer</option> <option data-type="input" value="an">zbMATH ID</option> <option data-type="input" value="en">External ID</option> <option data-type="input" value="ut">Keywords</option> <option data-type="input" value="sw">Software</option> <option data-type="input" value="br">Biographic Ref</option> <option data-type="input" value="rft">Reference Text</option> <option data-type="multiselect-db" value="db">Database</option> <option data-divider="true"></option> <option data-function="remove-line" data-content='<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-minus" aria-hidden="true"></span> remove line' value="any">remove line</option> </select><input name="ml-1-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value"><select class="form-control multi-line-operators multi-line-selectpicker" name="ml-1-op" aria-label="operator"> <option value="and" selected>AND</option> <option value="andnot">AND NOT</option> <option value="or">OR</option> </select></div> </div> <div class="row ml-2"> <div class="col-xs-12 form-inline multi-line"> <select class="form-control multi-line-field multi-line-selectpicker" name="ml-2-f" aria-label="field"> <option data-type="input" value="any">Anywhere</option> <option data-type="input" value="au" selected>Authors</option> <option data-type="input" value="ti">Title</option> <option data-type="input" value="py">Year</option> <option data-type="range" value="pyr">Year Range</option> <option data-type="input" value="cc">MSC</option> <option data-type="input" value="cc1">MSC Primary</option> <option data-type="input" value="so">Source / Journal</option> <option data-type="input" value="pu">Publisher</option> <option data-type="input" value="la">Language</option> <option data-type="input" value="ab">Summary / Review</option> <option data-type="input" value="rv">Reviewer</option> <option data-type="input" value="an">zbMATH ID</option> <option data-type="input" value="en">External ID</option> <option data-type="input" value="ut">Keywords</option> <option data-type="input" value="sw">Software</option> <option data-type="input" value="br">Biographic Ref</option> <option data-type="input" value="rft">Reference Text</option> <option data-type="multiselect-db" value="db">Database</option> <option data-divider="true"></option> <option data-function="remove-line" data-content='<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-minus" aria-hidden="true"></span> remove line' value="any">remove line</option> </select><input name="ml-2-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value"><select class="form-control multi-line-operators multi-line-selectpicker" name="ml-2-op" aria-label="operator"> <option value="and" selected>AND</option> <option value="andnot">AND NOT</option> <option value="or">OR</option> </select></div> </div> <div class="row ml-3"> <div class="col-xs-12 form-inline multi-line"> <select class="form-control multi-line-field multi-line-selectpicker" name="ml-3-f" aria-label="field"> <option data-type="input" value="any">Anywhere</option> <option data-type="input" value="au">Authors</option> <option data-type="input" value="ti" selected>Title</option> <option data-type="input" value="py">Year</option> <option data-type="range" value="pyr">Year Range</option> <option data-type="input" value="cc">MSC</option> <option data-type="input" value="cc1">MSC Primary</option> <option data-type="input" value="so">Source / Journal</option> <option data-type="input" value="pu">Publisher</option> <option data-type="input" value="la">Language</option> <option data-type="input" value="ab">Summary / Review</option> <option data-type="input" value="rv">Reviewer</option> <option data-type="input" value="an">zbMATH ID</option> <option data-type="input" value="en">External ID</option> <option data-type="input" value="ut">Keywords</option> <option data-type="input" value="sw">Software</option> <option data-type="input" value="br">Biographic Ref</option> <option data-type="input" value="rft">Reference Text</option> <option data-type="multiselect-db" value="db">Database</option> <option data-divider="true"></option> <option data-function="remove-line" data-content='<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-minus" aria-hidden="true"></span> remove line' value="any">remove line</option> </select><input name="ml-3-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value"><div id="multi-line-plus"> <a href="#"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></span> add line</a> </div></div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 form-inline"> <div class="form-group field checkboxes-wrapper" id="checkboxes-wrapper-test" style="visibility: hidden; position: fixed;"> <label>Document Type:</label> <div class="checkboxes"> <div class="slider"> <label title="search for Articles in Journals"> <input type="checkbox" class="form-control" value="j" checked> <span tabindex="0"><small></small></span> Journal Articles </label> </div> <div class="slider"> <label title="search for Articles in Conference Proceedings and Collected Volumes"> <input type="checkbox" class="form-control" value="a" checked> <span tabindex="0"><small></small></span> Collection Articles </label> </div> <div class="slider"> <label title="search for Monographs, Proceedings, Dissertations etc."> <input type="checkbox" class="form-control" value="b" checked> <span tabindex="0"><small></small></span> Books </label> </div> <div class="slider"> <label title="search for arXiv Preprints"> <input type="checkbox" class="form-control" value="p" checked> <span tabindex="0"><small></small></span> arXiv Preprints </label> </div> </div> </div> <div class="form-group field checkboxes-wrapper" id="checkboxes-wrapper-real"> <label>Document Type:</label> <div class="checkboxes"> <div class="slider"> <label for="dt-j" title="search for Articles in Journals"> <input type="checkbox" id="dt-j" name="dt" class="form-control" value="j" checked> <span tabindex="0"><small></small></span> Journal Articles </label> </div> <div class="slider"> <label for="dt-a" title="search for Articles in Conference Proceedings and Collected Volumes"> <input type="checkbox" id="dt-a" name="dt" class="form-control" value="a" checked> <span tabindex="0"><small></small></span> Collection Articles </label> </div> <div class="slider"> <label for="dt-b" title="search for Monographs, Proceedings, Dissertations etc."> <input type="checkbox" id="dt-b" name="dt" class="form-control" value="b" checked> <span tabindex="0"><small></small></span> Books </label> </div> <div class="slider"> <label for="dt-p" title="search for arXiv Preprints"> <input type="checkbox" id="dt-p" name="dt" class="form-control" value="p" checked> <span tabindex="0"><small></small></span> arXiv Preprints </label> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 buttons"> <a tabindex="0" class="btn btn-default clear-all">Reset all <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-remove"></span></a> <div class="submit"> <button class="btn btn-default search" type="submit">Search <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-search"></span></button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </form> <form class="form-inline" name="documents" method="GET" action="/"> <div class="documents one-line" style="display: block;"> <div class="forms"> <ul class="nav forms"> <li class="multi-line"><a href="#">New Multi-Line Search <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-list"></span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="search-row" class="input-group box"> <span> <div id="search-field"> <input class="query form-control" type="text" name="q" value="an:1489.54121" aria-label="Search for documents" placeholder="Search for documents" autocomplete="off"> </div> <div class="search-buttons input-group-btn"> <div class="btn-group"> <button class="btn btn-default search" type="submit"><span class="virtual">Search</span> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-search" style="top: 2px;"></span></button> </div> </div> </span> <span> <div class="search-buttons input-group-btn"> <div class="btn-group"> <div class="btn-group fields"> <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Fields <i class="caret"></i></button> <ul id="fields" class="dropdown-menu pull-right"> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">any:</span><span> </span>anywhere (default)</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">ab:</span><span> </span>review text</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">an:</span><span> </span>zbmath id</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">any:</span><span> </span>anywhere</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">au:</span><span> </span>contributor name</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">br:</span><span> </span>biographic reference name</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">cc:</span><span> </span>msc title</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">dt:</span><span> </span>document type</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">doi:</span><span> </span>doi</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">en:</span><span> </span>external id</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">la:</span><span> </span>language</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">pu:</span><span> </span>publisher</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">py:</span><span> </span>year</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">rv:</span><span> </span>reviewer name</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">so:</span><span> </span>source</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">sw:</span><span> </span>software name</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">ti:</span><span> </span>title</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">ut:</span><span> </span>keyword</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="btn-group operators"> <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Operators <i class="caret"></i></button> <ul id="operators" class="dropdown-menu pull-right"> <li><a href="#"><span class="token">a <span class="item">&</span> b </span><span> </span>logical and (default)</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token">a <span class="item">|</span> b </span><span> </span>logical or</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token"><span class="item">!</span>ab </span><span> </span>logical not</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token">abc<span class="item">*</span> </span><span> </span>right wildcard</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token"><span class="item">"</span>ab c<span class="item">"</span></span><span> </span>phrase</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token"><span class="item">(</span>ab c<span class="item">)</span></span><span> </span>parentheses</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="special"> <ul class="nav help-button"> <li class="dropdown pull-right"> <a href="#">Help <i class="caret"></i></a> </li> </ul> </div> </span> </div> <div class="help"><h2>Examples</h2> <div id="help-terms" role="table"> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=Geometry">Geometry</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell" role="cell">Search for the term <em>Geometry</em> in <strong>any</strong> field. Queries are <strong>case-independent</strong>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=Funct%2A">Funct*</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell"><strong>Wildcard</strong> queries are specified by <strong><u>*</u></strong> (e.g. <em>functions</em>, <em>functorial</em>, etc.). Otherwise the search is <strong>exact</strong>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=%22Topological+group%22">"Topological group"</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell"><strong>Phrases</strong> (multi-words) should be set in <u>"</u>straight quotation marks<u>"</u>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=au%3A+Bourbaki+%26+ti%3A+Algebra">au: Bourbaki & ti: Algebra</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell">Search for <strong><u>au</u>thor</strong> and <strong><u>ti</u>tle</strong>. The <strong>and-operator &</strong> is default and can be omitted.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=Chebyshev+%7C+Tschebyscheff">Chebyshev | Tschebyscheff</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell">The <strong>or-operator |</strong> allows to search for <em>Chebyshev</em> or <em>Tschebyscheff</em>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=Quasi%2A+map%2A+py%3A+1989">Quasi* map* py: 1989</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell">The resulting documents have <strong><u>p</u>ublication <u>y</u>ear</strong> <em>1989</em>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=so%3A+Eur%2A+J%2A+Mat%2A+Soc%2A+cc%3A+14">so: Eur* J* Mat* Soc* cc: 14</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell">Search for publications in a particular <strong><u>so</u>urce</strong> with a <strong>Mathematics Subject <u>C</u>lassification <u>c</u>ode (<u>cc</u>)</strong> in <em>14</em>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=%22Partial+diff%2A+eq%2A%22+%21+elliptic">"Partial diff* eq*" ! elliptic</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell">The <strong>not</strong>-operator <strong>!</strong> eliminates all results containing the word <em>elliptic</em>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=dt%3A+b+%26+au%3A+Hilbert">dt: b & au: Hilbert</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell">The <strong><u>d</u>ocument <u>t</u>ype</strong> is set to books; alternatively: <u>j</u> for <strong>journal articles</strong>, <u>a</u> for <strong>book articles</strong>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=py%3A+2000-2015+cc%3A+%2894A+%7C+11T%29">py: 2000-2015 cc: (94A | 11T)</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell">Number <strong>ranges</strong> are accepted. Terms can be grouped within <strong><u>(</u>parentheses<u>)</u></strong>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=la%3A+chinese">la: chinese</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell">Find documents in a given <strong><u>la</u>nguage</strong>. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_639-1">ISO 639-1</a> language codes can also be used.</span> </div> </div> <div id="help-fields"> <h2>Fields</h2> <table> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>any</strong></td> <td class="padding">anywhere</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>an</strong></td> <td class="padding">internal document identifier</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>au</strong></td> <td class="padding">author, editor</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>ai</strong></td> <td class="padding">internal author identifier</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>ti</strong></td> <td class="padding">title</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>la</strong></td> <td class="padding">language</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>so</strong></td> <td class="padding">source</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>ab</strong></td> <td class="padding">review, abstract</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>py</strong></td> <td class="padding">publication year</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>rv</strong></td> <td class="padding">reviewer</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>cc</strong></td> <td class="padding">MSC code</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>ut</strong></td> <td class="padding">uncontrolled term</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>dt</strong></td> <td class="padding" colspan="4">document type (<strong>j</strong>: journal article; <strong>b</strong>: book; <strong>a</strong>: book article)</td> </tr> </table> </div> <div id="help-operators"> <h2>Operators</h2> <table> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader">a <strong>&</strong> b</td> <td class="padding">logic and</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader">a <strong>|</strong> b</td> <td class="padding">logic or</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>!</strong>ab</td> <td class="padding">logic not</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader">abc<strong>*</strong></td> <td class="padding">right wildcard</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>"</strong>ab c<strong>"</strong></td> <td class="padding">phrase</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>(</strong>ab c<strong>)</strong></td> <td class="padding">parentheses</td> </tr> </table> </div> <p> See also our <a href="/general-help/">General Help</a>. </p></div> </div> </form> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> <div class="content-shadow"></div> </div> </div> <div id="body"> <div id="main"> <div class="messages"> </div> <div id="documents"> <div class="content-main"> <div class="content-item"><div class="item"> <article> <div class="author"><a href="/authors/garai.hiranmoy" title="Author Profile">Garai, Hiranmoy</a>; <a href="/authors/dey.lakshmi-kanta" title="Author Profile">Dey, Lakshmi Kanta</a>; <a href="/authors/chanda.ankush" title="Author Profile">Chanda, Ankush</a></div> <h2 class="title"> <strong>Positive solutions to a fractional thermostat model in Banach spaces via fixed point results.</strong> <i>(English)</i> <a class="label nowrap" href="/1489.54121">Zbl 1489.54121</a> </h2> <div class="source"> <a href="/serials/4910" title="Journal Profile">J. Fixed Point Theory Appl.</a> <a href="/?q=in%3A418578" title="Articles in this Issue">20, No. 3, Paper No. 106, 24 p. (2018)</a>. </div> <div class="abstract">Summary: The motive behind this manuscript is to set up the existence and uniqueness of positive solutions to a fractional thermostat model for certain values of the parameter \(\lambda >0\). We accomplish sufficient conditions for the existence of positive solutions to the model, and afterwards formulate a couple of non-trivial examples to authenticate the grounds of our obtained results. Our findings are based on certain fixed point results for contractions depending on a couple of altering distance functions \(\phi \) and \(\psi \) in the setting of Banach spaces.</div> <div class="clear"></div> <br> <div class="citations"><div class="clear"><a href="/?q=rf%3A6969097">Cited in <strong>7</strong> Documents</a></div></div> <div class="classification"> <h3>MSC:</h3> <table><tr> <td> <a class="mono" href="/classification/?q=cc%3A54H25" title="MSC2020">54H25</a> </td> <td class="space"> Fixed-point and coincidence theorems (topological aspects) </td> </tr><tr> <td> <a class="mono" href="/classification/?q=cc%3A47H10" title="MSC2020">47H10</a> </td> <td class="space"> Fixed-point theorems </td> </tr></table> </div><div class="keywords"> <h3>Keywords:</h3><a href="/?q=ut%3Aaltering+distance+function">altering distance function</a>; <a href="/?q=ut%3Afixed+point">fixed point</a>; <a href="/?q=ut%3ABanach+space">Banach space</a>; <a href="/?q=ut%3Adouble+sequence">double sequence</a>; <a href="/?q=ut%3Athermostat+model">thermostat model</a></div> <!-- Modal used to show zbmath metadata in different output formats--> <div class="modal fade" id="metadataModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="myModalLabel"> <div class="modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> <h4 class="modal-title" id="myModalLabel">Cite</h4> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <div class="form-group"> <label for="select-output" class="control-label">Format</label> <select id="select-output" class="form-control" aria-label="Select Metadata format"></select> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="metadataText" class="control-label">Result</label> <textarea class="form-control" id="metadataText" rows="10" style="min-width: 100%;max-width: 100%"></textarea> </div> <div id="metadata-alert" class="alert alert-danger" role="alert" style="display: none;"> <!-- alert for connection errors etc --> </div> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" onclick="copyMetadata()">Copy to clipboard</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="functions clearfix"> <div class="function"> <!-- Button trigger metadata modal --> <a type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-xs pdf" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#metadataModal" data-itemtype="Zbl" data-itemname="Zbl 1489.54121" data-ciurl="/ci/06969097" data-biburl="/bibtex/06969097.bib" data-amsurl="/amsrefs/06969097.bib" data-xmlurl="/xml/06969097.xml" > Cite </a> <a class="btn btn-default btn-xs pdf" data-container="body" type="button" href="/pdf/06969097.pdf" title="Zbl 1489.54121 as PDF">Review PDF</a> </div> <div class="fulltexts"> <span class="fulltext">Full Text:</span> <a class="btn btn-default btn-xs" type="button" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11784-018-0584-8" aria-label="DOI for “Positive solutions to a fractional thermostat model in Banach spaces via fixed point results”" title="10.1007/s11784-018-0584-8">DOI</a> <a class="btn btn-default btn-xs" type="button" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.01464"title="Note: arXiv document may differ from published version">arXiv</a> </div> <div class="sfx" style="float: right;"> </div> </div> <div class="references"> <h3>References:</h3> <table><tr> <td>[1]</td> <td class="space">Agarwal, RP; El-Gebeily, MA; O’Regan, D., Generalized contractions in partially ordered metric spaces, Appl. Anal., 87, 109-116, (2008) · <a href="/1140.47042" class="nowrap">Zbl 1140.47042</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/00036810701556151" class="nowrap">doi:10.1080/00036810701556151</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[2]</td> <td class="space">Alber, YaI; Guerre-Delabriere, S., Principle of weakly contractive maps in Hilbert spaces, Oper. Theory Adv. Appl., 98, 7-22, (1997) · <a href="/0897.47044" class="nowrap">Zbl 0897.47044</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[3]</td> <td class="space">Altun, I.; Simsek, H., Some fixed point theorems on ordered metric spaces and application, Fixed Point Theory Appl., 2010, article id 621469, (2010) · <a href="/1226.54046" class="nowrap">Zbl 1226.54046</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/621469" class="nowrap">doi:10.1155/2010/621469</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[4]</td> <td class="space">Amini-Harandi, A.; Emami, H., A fixed point theorem for contraction type maps in partially ordered metric spaces and application to ordinary differential equations, Nonlinear Anal., 72, 2238-2242, (2010) · <a href="/1197.54054" class="nowrap">Zbl 1197.54054</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.na.2009.10.023" class="nowrap">doi:10.1016/j.na.2009.10.023</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[5]</td> <td class="space">Bai, Z.; Lu, H., Positive solutions for boundary value problem of nonlinear fractional differential equation, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 311, 495-505, (2005) · <a href="/1079.34048" class="nowrap">Zbl 1079.34048</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2005.02.052" class="nowrap">doi:10.1016/j.jmaa.2005.02.052</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[6]</td> <td class="space">Banach, S., Sur les opérations dans les ensembles abstraits et leur application aux équations intégrales, Fundam. Math., 3, 133-181, (1922) · <a href="/48.0201.01" class="nowrap">JFM 48.0201.01</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.4064/fm-3-1-133-181" class="nowrap">doi:10.4064/fm-3-1-133-181</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[7]</td> <td class="space">Beg, I.; Abbas, M., Coincidence point and invariant approximation for mappings satisfying generalized weak contractive condition, Fixed Point Theory Appl., 2006, article id 74503, (2006) · <a href="/1133.54024" class="nowrap">Zbl 1133.54024</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1155/FPTA/2006/74503" class="nowrap">doi:10.1155/FPTA/2006/74503</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[8]</td> <td class="space">Cabada, A.; Wang, G., Positive solutions of nonlinear fractional differential equations with integral boundary value conditions, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 389, 403-411, (2012) · <a href="/1232.34010" class="nowrap">Zbl 1232.34010</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2011.11.065" class="nowrap">doi:10.1016/j.jmaa.2011.11.065</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[9]</td> <td class="space">Caballero, J.; Harjani, J.; Sadarangani, K., Existence and uniqueness of positive solution for a boundary value problem of fractional order, Abstr. Appl. Anal., 2011, 727-730, (2011) · <a href="/1217.34009" class="nowrap">Zbl 1217.34009</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[10]</td> <td class="space">Cabrera, IJ; Rocha, J.; Sadarangani, KB, Lyapunov type inequalities for a fractional thermostat model, Rev. R. Acad. Cienc. Exactas Fís. Nat. Ser. A Math. RACSAM, 112, 17-24, (2018) · <a href="/1387.34005" class="nowrap">Zbl 1387.34005</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13398-016-0362-7" class="nowrap">doi:10.1007/s13398-016-0362-7</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[11]</td> <td class="space">Caristi, J., Fixed point theorems for mappings satisfying inwardness conditions, Trans. Am. Math. Soc., 215, 241-251, (1976) · <a href="/0305.47029" class="nowrap">Zbl 0305.47029</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1090/S0002-9947-1976-0394329-4" class="nowrap">doi:10.1090/S0002-9947-1976-0394329-4</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[12]</td> <td class="space">Choudhury, BS, Unique fixed point theorem for weakly C-contractive mappings, Kathmandu Univ. J. Sci. Eng. Technol., 5, 6-13, (2009)</td> </tr><tr> <td>[13]</td> <td class="space">Ćirić, LB, A generalization of Banach’s contraction principle, Proc. Am. Math. Soc., 45, 267-273, (1974) · <a href="/0291.54056" class="nowrap">Zbl 0291.54056</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.2307/2040075" class="nowrap">doi:10.2307/2040075</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[14]</td> <td class="space">Ćirić, LB; Samet, B.; Vetro, C., Common fixed point theorems for families of occasionally weakly compatible mappings, Math. Comput. Model., 53, 631-636, (2010) · <a href="/1217.54042" class="nowrap">Zbl 1217.54042</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[15]</td> <td class="space">Dehghani, R.; Ghanbari, K., Triple positive solutions for boundary value problem of a nonlinear fractional differential equation, Bull. Iran. Math. Soc., 33, 1-14, (2007) · <a href="/1148.34008" class="nowrap">Zbl 1148.34008</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[16]</td> <td class="space">Dutta, PN; Choudhury, BS, A generalisation of contraction principle in metric spaces, Fixed Point Theory Appl., 2008, article id 406368, (2008) · <a href="/1177.54024" class="nowrap">Zbl 1177.54024</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2008/406368" class="nowrap">doi:10.1155/2008/406368</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[17]</td> <td class="space">Ekeland, I., On the variational principle, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 47, 324-353, (1974) · <a href="/0286.49015" class="nowrap">Zbl 0286.49015</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-247X(74)90025-0" class="nowrap">doi:10.1016/0022-247X(74)90025-0</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[18]</td> <td class="space">Gopal, D.; Abbas, M.; Patel, DK; Vetro, C., Fixed points of \(\alpha \)-type F-contractive mappings with an application to nonlinear fractional differential equation, Acta Math. Sci., 36, 957-970, (2016) · <a href="/1363.54050" class="nowrap">Zbl 1363.54050</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0252-9602(16)30052-2" class="nowrap">doi:10.1016/S0252-9602(16)30052-2</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[19]</td> <td class="space">Jaggi, DS, Some unique fixed point theorems, Indian J. Pure Appl. Math., 8, 223-230, (1977) · <a href="/0379.54015" class="nowrap">Zbl 0379.54015</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[20]</td> <td class="space">Khan, MS; Swalech, M.; Sessa, S., Fixed point theorems by altering distances between the points, Bull. Aust. Math. Soc., 30, 1-9, (1984) · <a href="/0553.54023" class="nowrap">Zbl 0553.54023</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0004972700001659" class="nowrap">doi:10.1017/S0004972700001659</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[21]</td> <td class="space">Meir, A.; Keeler, E., A theorem on contraction mappings, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 28, 326-329, (1969) · <a href="/0194.44904" class="nowrap">Zbl 0194.44904</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-247X(69)90031-6" class="nowrap">doi:10.1016/0022-247X(69)90031-6</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[22]</td> <td class="space">Nieto, JJ; Pimentel, J., Positive solutions of a fractional thermostat model, Bound. Value Probl., 2013, 5, (2013) · <a href="/1280.35166" class="nowrap">Zbl 1280.35166</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-2770-2013-5" class="nowrap">doi:10.1186/1687-2770-2013-5</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[23]</td> <td class="space">Rakotch, E., A note on contractive mappings, Proc. Am. Math. Soc., 13, 459-465, (1962) · <a href="/0105.35202" class="nowrap">Zbl 0105.35202</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1090/S0002-9939-1962-0148046-1" class="nowrap">doi:10.1090/S0002-9939-1962-0148046-1</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[24]</td> <td class="space">Reich, S., Some remarks concerning contraction mappings, Can. Math. Bull., 14, 121-124, (1971) · <a href="/0211.26002" class="nowrap">Zbl 0211.26002</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.4153/CMB-1971-024-9" class="nowrap">doi:10.4153/CMB-1971-024-9</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[25]</td> <td class="space">Reich, S.; Zaslavski, AJ, The set of noncontractive mappings is \(\sigma \)-porous in the space of all nonexpansive mappings, C. R. Acad. Sci. Ser. A, 333, 539-544, (2001) · <a href="/1001.47036" class="nowrap">Zbl 1001.47036</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[26]</td> <td class="space">Reich, S.; Zaslavski, AJ, Monotone contractive mappings, J. Nonlinear Var. Anal., 1, 391-401, (2017) · <a href="/1437.54066" class="nowrap">Zbl 1437.54066</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[27]</td> <td class="space">Rhoades, BE, Some theorems on weakly contractive maps, Nonlinear Anal., 47, 2683-2693, (2001) · <a href="/1042.47521" class="nowrap">Zbl 1042.47521</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0362-546X(01)00388-1" class="nowrap">doi:10.1016/S0362-546X(01)00388-1</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[28]</td> <td class="space">Salazar, LA; Reich, S., A remark on weakly contractive mappings, J. Nonlinear Convex Anal., 16, 767-773, (2015) · <a href="/1315.54025" class="nowrap">Zbl 1315.54025</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[29]</td> <td class="space">Senapati, T.; Dey, LK, Relation-theoretic metrical fixed point results via \(w\)-distance with applications, J. Fixed Point Theory Appl., 19, 2945-2961, (2017) · <a href="/1489.54221" class="nowrap">Zbl 1489.54221</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11784-017-0462-9" class="nowrap">doi:10.1007/s11784-017-0462-9</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[30]</td> <td class="space">Shen, C.; Zhou, H.; Yang, L., Existence and nonexistence of positive solutions of a fractional thermostat model with a parameter, Math. Methods Appl. Sci., 39, 4504-4511, (2016) · <a href="/1370.34020" class="nowrap">Zbl 1370.34020</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/mma.3878" class="nowrap">doi:10.1002/mma.3878</a></td> </tr></table> <div class="reference_disclaimer"> This reference list is based on information provided by the publisher or from digital mathematics libraries. Its items are heuristically matched to zbMATH identifiers and may contain data conversion errors. In some cases that data have been complemented/enhanced by data from zbMATH Open. This attempts to reflect the references listed in the original paper as accurately as possible without claiming completeness or a perfect matching. </div> </div></article> </div></div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> <div id="foot"><div class="copyright"> © 2025 <a target="fiz" href="https://www.fiz-karlsruhe.de/en">FIZ Karlsruhe GmbH</a> <a href="/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a> <a href="/legal-notices/">Legal Notices</a> <a href="/terms-conditions/">Terms & Conditions</a> <div class="info"> <ul class="nav"> <li class="mastodon"> <a href="https://mathstodon.xyz/@zbMATH" target="_blank" class="no-new-tab-icon"> <img src="/static/mastodon.png" title="zbMATH at Mathstodon (opens in new tab)" alt="Mastodon logo"> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix" style="height: 0px;"></div> </div> </div> <script src="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/jquery/1.9.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/jquery-caret/1.5.2/jquery.caret.min.js"></script> <script src="/static/js/jquery-ui-1.10.1.custom.min.js"></script> <script src="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/bootstrap/v3.3.7zb1/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> <script src="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/bootstrap-lightbox/v0.7.0/bootstrap-lightbox.min.js"></script> <script src="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/retina/unknown/retina.js"></script> <script src="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/bootstrap-select/v1.13.14/js/bootstrap-select.min.js"></script> <script> var SCRIPT_ROOT = ""; </script> <script src="/static/scripts.js?v=20240926"> </script> <script src="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/mathjax/2.7.1/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML"></script> <script type="text/x-mathjax-config"> MathJax.Hub.Config({ "HTML-CSS": { preferredFont: "TeX", availableFonts: [ "STIX", "TeX" ], linebreaks: { automatic: true }, EqnChunk: (MathJax.Hub.Browser.isMobile ? 10 : 50) }, tex2jax: { processEscapes: true, ignoreClass: "tex2jax_ignore|dno" }, TeX: { Macros: { Aut: "\\operatorname{Aut}", Hom: "\\operatorname{Hom}" }, noUndefined: { attributes: { mathcolor: "#039", //"red", mathbackground: "white", //"#FFEEEE", mathsize: "90%" } } }, messageStyle: "none" }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function() { $("#MathInput").stop(true, true).keyup(function() { $.ajax({ url: "/mwsq/", type: "POST", data: { query : $("#MathInput").val() }, dataType: "text" }) .done(function(xml) { $("#MathPreview").html(xml); $(window).resize(); }); }); var press = jQuery.Event("keyup"); press.ctrlKey = false; press.which = 40; $("#MathInput").trigger(press); }); </script> <div id="new_tab_icon" style="display: none"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-new-window" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="sr-only">(opens in new tab)</span></div> </body> </html>