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<div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Czech Republic and the euro</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 7 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-7" aria-hidden="true" > 7 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaveden%C3%AD_eura_v_%C4%8Cesku" title="Zavedení eura v Česku – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zavedení eura v Česku" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%97%DE%AC%DE%86%DE%B0_%DE%83%DE%A8%DE%95%DE%A6%DE%84%DE%B0%DE%8D%DE%A8%DE%86%DE%B0_%DE%87%DE%A7%DE%87%DE%A8_%DE%94%DE%AB%DE%83%DE%AF_%DE%87%DE%AC%DE%88%DE%AC" title="ޗެކް ރިޕަބްލިކް އާއި ޔޫރޯ އެވެ – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ޗެކް ރިޕަބްލިކް އާއި ޔޫރޯ އެވެ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CF%83%CE%B5%CF%87%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%B5%CF%85%CF%81%CF%8E" title="Τσεχία και ευρώ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τσεχία και ευρώ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euro_et_Tch%C3%A9quie" title="Euro et Tchéquie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Euro et Tchéquie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adozione_dell%27euro_in_Repubblica_Ceca" title="Adozione dell'euro in Repubblica Ceca – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Adozione dell'euro in Repubblica Ceca" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A0%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%BA_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%84_%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%9D" title="චෙක් ජනරජය සහ යුරෝ – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="චෙක් ජනරජය සහ යුරෝ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eurozone_participation.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Eurozone_participation.svg/301px-Eurozone_participation.svg.png" decoding="async" width="301" height="301" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Eurozone_participation.svg/452px-Eurozone_participation.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Eurozone_participation.svg/602px-Eurozone_participation.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="1300" /></a><figcaption>Eurozone participation <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1228772891">.mw-parser-output .glossary dt{margin-top:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .glossary dt+dt{margin-top:-0.2em}.mw-parser-output .glossary .templatequote{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:-0.5em}</style> <dl class="glossary"> <dt id="european_union_member_states"><dfn><a href="/wiki/Member_state_of_the_European_Union" title="Member state of the European Union">European Union member states</a></dfn></dt> (<a href="/wiki/Special_territories_of_members_of_the_European_Economic_Area" title="Special territories of members of the European Economic Area">special territories</a> not shown) <dd> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend">  20 in the <a href="/wiki/Eurozone" title="Eurozone">eurozone</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  1 in <a href="/wiki/European_Exchange_Rate_Mechanism" title="European Exchange Rate Mechanism">ERM II</a>, without an opt-out (<a href="/wiki/Bulgaria_and_the_euro" title="Bulgaria and the euro">Bulgaria</a>)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  1 in ERM II, with an <a href="/wiki/Opt-outs_in_the_European_Union" title="Opt-outs in the European Union">opt-out</a> (<a href="/wiki/Denmark_and_the_euro" title="Denmark and the euro">Denmark</a>)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  5 not in ERM II, but obliged to join the eurozone on meeting the <a href="/wiki/Euro_convergence_criteria" title="Euro convergence criteria">convergence criteria</a> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Czech Republic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hungary_and_the_euro" title="Hungary and the euro">Hungary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poland_and_the_euro" title="Poland and the euro">Poland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romania_and_the_euro" title="Romania and the euro">Romania</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sweden_and_the_euro" title="Sweden and the euro">Sweden</a>)</div> </dd> <dt id="non–eu_member_states"><dfn>Non–EU member states</dfn></dt> <dd> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  4 using the euro with a monetary agreement (<a href="/wiki/Andorra_and_the_euro" title="Andorra and the euro">Andorra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mon%C3%A9gasque_euro_coins" title="Monégasque euro coins">Monaco</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Marino_euro_coins" title="San Marino euro coins">San Marino</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Vatican_euro_coins" title="Vatican euro coins">Vatican City</a>)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  2 using the euro unilaterally (<a href="/wiki/Kosovo_and_the_euro" title="Kosovo and the euro">Kosovo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Montenegro_and_the_euro" title="Montenegro and the euro">Montenegro</a>)</div> </dd> </dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output 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li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Euro_accession_map" title="Template:Euro accession map"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Euro_accession_map" title="Template talk:Euro accession map"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Euro_accession_map" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Euro accession map"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div> </figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> is bound to adopt the <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">euro</a> in the future and to join the <a href="/wiki/Eurozone" title="Eurozone">eurozone</a> once it has satisfied the <a href="/wiki/Euro_convergence_criteria" title="Euro convergence criteria">euro convergence criteria</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_2003" title="Treaty of Accession 2003">Treaty of Accession</a> since it joined the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> (EU) in 2004. The Czech Republic is therefore a candidate for the <a href="/wiki/Enlargement_of_the_eurozone" title="Enlargement of the eurozone">enlargement of the eurozone</a> and it uses the <a href="/wiki/Czech_koruna" title="Czech koruna">Czech koruna</a> as its <a href="/wiki/Currency" title="Currency">currency</a>, regulated by the <a href="/wiki/Czech_National_Bank" title="Czech National Bank">Czech National Bank</a>, a member of the <a href="/wiki/European_System_of_Central_Banks" title="European System of Central Banks">European System of Central Banks</a>, and does not participate in <a href="/wiki/European_Exchange_Rate_Mechanism" title="European Exchange Rate Mechanism">European Exchange Rate Mechanism II</a> (ERM II). Although the Czech Republic is economically well positioned to adopt the euro, following the <a href="/wiki/European_debt_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="European debt crisis">European debt crisis</a> there has been considerable opposition among the public to the adoption of the euro currency.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> There is no target date by the government for joining the <a href="/wiki/ERM_II" class="mw-redirect" title="ERM II">ERM II</a> or adopting the euro.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> <a href="/wiki/Andrej_Babi%C5%A1%27_First_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrej Babiš' First Cabinet">The cabinet</a> that was formed following the <a href="/wiki/2017_Czech_legislative_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2017 Czech legislative election">2017 legislative election</a> did not plan to proceed with euro adoption within its term,<a href="#cite_note-e15.cz_5_December_2017-3">[3]</a> and this policy was continued by <a href="/wiki/Petr_Fiala%27s_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Petr Fiala's Cabinet">the succeeding cabinet</a> formed after the <a href="/wiki/2021_Czech_legislative_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 Czech legislative election">2021 election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-aktuálně.cz_2_November_2021-4">[4]</a> However, by the start of 2024, President <a href="/wiki/Petr_Pavel" title="Petr Pavel">Petr Pavel</a> called on the government to take concrete steps in adopting the euro.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Czech_Republic_and_the_euro&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="European_Union_accession_and_2000s">European Union accession and 2000s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Czech_Republic_and_the_euro&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: European Union accession and 2000s">edit</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Euro_exchange_rate_to_CZK.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Euro_exchange_rate_to_CZK.svg/609px-Euro_exchange_rate_to_CZK.svg.png" decoding="async" width="609" height="305" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Euro_exchange_rate_to_CZK.svg/914px-Euro_exchange_rate_to_CZK.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Euro_exchange_rate_to_CZK.svg/1218px-Euro_exchange_rate_to_CZK.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>EUR–CZK exchange rate since 1999</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2004_enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="2004 enlargement of the European Union">2004 enlargement of the European Union</a></div> The <a href="/wiki/2003_Czech_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="2003 Czech European Union membership referendum">European Union membership referendum in 2003</a> approved the country's accession with 77.3% in favour, and in 2004 the Czech Republic joined the EU.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> Since joining the EU in May 2004, the Czech Republic has adopted fiscal and monetary policies that aim to align its macroeconomic conditions with the rest of the European Union. Initially, the Czech Republic planned to adopt the <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">euro</a> as its official currency in 2010, however evaluations in 2006 found this date to be unlikely and the target date was postponed indefinitely.<a href="#cite_note-nov060919-7">[7]</a> In February 2007, the Finance Minister said 2012 was a "realistic" date,<a href="#cite_note-nov070221-8">[8]</a> but by November 2007 this was said to be too soon.<a href="#cite_note-nov071118-9">[9]</a> In August 2008, an assessment said that adoption was not expected before 2015 due to political reluctance on the subject.<a href="#cite_note-spark080805-10">[10]</a> However, in October 2009, the then Finance Minister, <a href="/wiki/Eduard_Janota" title="Eduard Janota">Eduard Janota</a>, stated that 2015 was no longer realistic.<a href="#cite_note-FN0910-11">[11]</a> In June 2008, the Central bank governor <a href="/wiki/Zden%C4%9Bk_T%C5%AFma" title="Zdeněk Tůma">Zdeněk Tůma</a> speculated about 2019.<a href="#cite_note-radcz080609-12">[12]</a> In late 2010 a discussion arose within the Czech government, partially initiated by then President <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Klaus" title="Václav Klaus">Václav Klaus</a>, a well known <a href="/wiki/Eurosceptic" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurosceptic">eurosceptic</a>, over negotiating an <a href="/wiki/Opt-outs_in_the_European_Union" title="Opt-outs in the European Union">opt-out from joining the eurozone</a>. Czech Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Petr_Ne%C4%8Das" title="Petr Nečas">Petr Nečas</a> later stated that no opt-out was required because the Czech Republic could not be forced to join the ERM II and thus could decide if or when to fulfil one of the necessary criteria to join the eurozone, an approach similar to the one taken by <a href="/wiki/Sweden_and_the_euro" title="Sweden and the euro">Sweden</a>. Nečas also stated that <a href="/wiki/Petr_Ne%C4%8Das%27s_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Petr Nečas's Cabinet">his cabinet</a> would not decide upon joining the euro during its term.<a href="#cite_note-reut101205-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-bloom101205-14">[14]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2010s">2010s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Czech_Republic_and_the_euro&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 2010s">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/European_debt_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="European debt crisis">European debt crisis</a> further decreased the Czech Republic's interest in joining the eurozone.<a href="#cite_note-cooling-15">[15]</a> Nečas said that since the conditions governing the eurozone had significantly changed since their accession treaty was ratified, he believed that Czechs should be able to decide by a <a href="/wiki/Referendum" title="Referendum">referendum</a> whether to join the eurozone under the new terms.<a href="#cite_note-euo111028-16">[16]</a> One of the government's junior coalition parties, <a href="/wiki/TOP09" class="mw-redirect" title="TOP09">TOP09</a>, was opposed to a euro referendum.<a href="#cite_note-Fiscal_Compact_referendum_not_supported_by_a_parliamentray_majority-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> In April 2013, the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Ministry_of_Finance" class="mw-redirect" title="Czech Ministry of Finance">Czech Ministry of Finance</a> stated in its Convergence Programme delivered to the European Commission that the country had not yet set a target date for euro adoption and would not apply for ERM II membership in 2013. Their goal was to limit their time as an ERM II member, prior to acceding to the eurozone, to as brief a period as possible.<a href="#cite_note-Czech_Republic_wont_join_ERM_II_in_2013-19">[19]</a> On 29 May 2013 <a href="/wiki/Miroslav_Singer" title="Miroslav Singer">Miroslav Singer</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Governor" title="Governor">Governor</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Czech_National_Bank" title="Czech National Bank">Czech National Bank</a> (the Czech Republic's <a href="/wiki/Central_bank" title="Central bank">central bank</a>) stated that in his professional opinion the Czech Republic will not adopt the euro before 2019.<a href="#cite_note-CNB_governor_statement_2013-20">[20]</a> In December 2013, the Czech government approved a recommendation from the <a href="/wiki/Czech_National_Bank" title="Czech National Bank">Czech National Bank</a> and Ministry of Finance against setting a formal target date for euro adoption or joining ERM II in 2014.<a href="#cite_note-CNB-21">[21]</a> <a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Zeman" title="Miloš Zeman">Miloš Zeman</a>, who was <a href="/wiki/2013_Czech_presidential_election" title="2013 Czech presidential election">elected</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="President of the Czech Republic">President of the Czech Republic</a> in early 2013, supports euro adoption by the Czech Republic, though he also advocates a referendum on the decision.<a href="#cite_note-PM130212-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-nyt130301-23">[23]</a> Shortly after taking office in March 2013, Zeman suggested that the Czech Republic would not be ready for the switch for at least five years.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Bohuslav_Sobotka" title="Bohuslav Sobotka">Bohuslav Sobotka</a>, from the Social Democrats, stated on 25 April 2013, prior to his party's <a href="/wiki/2013_Czech_legislative_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2013 Czech legislative election">election victory that October</a>, that he was "convinced that the government that will be formed after next year's election should set the euro entry date" and that "1 January 2020 could be a date to look at".<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> Shortly after being sworn into the <a href="/wiki/Bohuslav_Sobotka%27s_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Bohuslav Sobotka's Cabinet">new Cabinet</a> in January 2014, Czech Foreign Minister Lubomír Zaorálek stated that the country should join the eurozone as soon as possible.<a href="#cite_note-zaoralek-27">[27]</a> The opposition <a href="/wiki/TOP_09" title="TOP 09">TOP 09</a> had also run on a platform in the 2013 parliamentary election, that called for the Czech Republic to adopt the euro between 2018 and 2020.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> In line with this, the governor of the <a href="/wiki/Czech_National_Bank" title="Czech National Bank">Czech National Bank</a>, having an advisory role towards the government about the timing of euro adoption, described 2019 as the earliest possible euro entry date.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> In April 2014, the Czech Ministry of Finance clarified in its Convergence Programme delivered to the European Commission, that the country had not yet set a target date for euro adoption and would not apply for ERM-II membership in 2014. Their goal was to limit their time as an ERM-II member, prior to acceding to the eurozone, to as brief a period as possible. Moreover, it was the opinion of the previous government that: "the fiscal problems of the eurozone, together with continued difficulty to predict the development of the monetary union, do not create a favorable environment for the future adoption of the euro."<a href="#cite_note-Czech_Republic_wont_join_ERM_II_in_2014-30">[30]</a> Zeman stated in June 2014 that he hoped his country would adopt the euro as soon as 2017, arguing that adoption would be beneficial for the Czech economy overall.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> The opposition <a href="/wiki/Civic_Democratic_Party_(Czech_Republic)" title="Civic Democratic Party (Czech Republic)">ODS party</a> responded by running a campaign for Czechs to sign an anti-euro petition, handed over to the Czech Senate in November 2014, but viewed by political commentators as not having any impact on changing the government's policy to adopt the euro in the medium-term without holding a referendum on it.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> In December 2014, the Czech government approved a joint recommendation from the Czech National Bank and Ministry of Finance, against setting a formal target date for euro adoption or joining ERM-II during the course of 2015.<a href="#cite_note-CNB2015-33">[33]</a> In March 2015, the ruling <a href="/wiki/Czech_Social_Democratic_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Czech Social Democratic Party">Czech Social Democratic Party</a> adopted a policy of striving to gather political support to adopt the euro by 2020.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> In April 2015, the <a href="/wiki/Bohuslav_Sobotka%27s_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Bohuslav Sobotka's Cabinet">coalition government</a> announced it had agreed to not set a euro adoption target and not to enter ERM-2 until after the <a href="/wiki/Next_Czech_legislative_election" class="mw-redirect" title="Next Czech legislative election">next legislative election scheduled for 2017</a>, making it unlikely that the Czech Republic will adopt the euro before 2020. In addition, the coalition government agreed that if it wins re-election it would set a deadline of 2020 to agree on a specific euro adoption roadmap.<a href="#cite_note-CZ_joins_ERM-2_earliest_2018-35">[35]</a> In June 2015, finance minister <a href="/wiki/Andrej_Babi%C5%A1" title="Andrej Babiš">Andrej Babiš</a> suggested a nonbinding public referendum on euro adoption.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Andrej_Babi%C5%A1%27_First_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrej Babiš' First Cabinet">Andrej Babiš' Cabinet</a> that was formed following the <a href="/wiki/2017_Czech_legislative_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2017 Czech legislative election">2017 legislative election</a> never planned to proceed with euro adoption within its term.<a href="#cite_note-e15.cz_5_December_2017-3">[3]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2020s">2020s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Czech_Republic_and_the_euro&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 2020s">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Petr_Fiala" title="Petr Fiala">Petr Fiala</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Petr_Fiala" title="Cabinet of Petr Fiala">cabinet</a> that emerged from the <a href="/wiki/2021_Czech_legislative_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 Czech legislative election">2021 legislative election</a>, maintained the predecessor cabinets' intention not to adopt the euro within its term, calling the adoption "disadvantageous" for the Czech Republic.<a href="#cite_note-aktuálně.cz_2_November_2021-4">[4]</a> The position not to set a target date for euro adoption and not to apply for ERM-II membership, was however only supported by one of the five ruling cabinet parties (<a href="/wiki/Civic_Democratic_Party_(Czech_Republic)" title="Civic Democratic Party (Czech Republic)">ODS</a>), while all the other four parties supported to start a euro adoption process.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> Czech President <a href="/wiki/Petr_Pavel" title="Petr Pavel">Petr Pavel</a> announced in his New Year's speech for 2024, that he supported the Czech Republic to take imminent concrete steps towards adopting the euro.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> In February 2024, the Czech government then appointed a commissioner for euro adoption, economist Petr Zahradnik, to oversee efforts to adopt the euro and communicate the beneficiary prospects to the Czech public.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Petr_Fiala" title="Petr Fiala">Petr Fiala</a> (ODS) however immediately called a five-party coalition summit in response, as his party still disagreed with the idea to start preparing for ERM-II membership now, and hoped the government instead could negotiate and reach a new joint position on this issue - more closely aligned with the viewpoint of ODS.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> The Czech minister for European affairs, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Martin Dvořák">Martin Dvořák</a>, at the other side proposed a timeline of joining ERM-II before the general elections in late 2025 and adopting the euro on 1 January 2030.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> The coalition summit resulted in a new common government policy on the issue, first cancelling the post of the recently appointed euro adoption commissioner, and then instead ordering an expert panel advice by October 2024 on the merits of joining ERM-II. The government will now await the report of the expert panel, before taking any further decisions about ERM-II membership or euro adoption.<a href="#cite_note-Oct2024-42">[42]</a> In November 2024, Fiala announced that the decision on the eventual adoption of the euro would not be taken before the end of his government, hence postponing the decision after the <a href="/wiki/2025_Czech_parliamentary_election" title="2025 Czech parliamentary election">next parliamentary election</a>, in October 2025.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Euro_use">Euro use</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Czech_Republic_and_the_euro&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Euro use">edit</a>]</div> Selected <a href="/wiki/Chain_store" title="Chain store">chain stores</a> in the Czech Republic accept payments in euros, and return change in <a href="/wiki/Czech_koruna" title="Czech koruna">Czech koruna</a>.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> Starting 1 January 2024, companies are legally allowed to keep their accounts and pay taxes using Euros if they choose to do so. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Opinion_polls">Opinion polls</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Czech_Republic_and_the_euro&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Opinion polls">edit</a>]</div> The following are polls on the question of whether the Czech Republic should abolish the koruna and adopt the euro. <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;line-height:14px"> <tbody><tr> <th>Date (survey taken)</th> <th>Date (when published)</th> <th style="background:green; color:white; width:50px">Yes</th> <th style="background:red; color:white; width:50px">No</th> <th style="background:silver; color:black; width:50px">Undecided</th> <th>Conducted by </th></tr> <tr> <td>September 2004</td> <td>October 2004</td> <td>39%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">55%</td> <td>7%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 2005</td> <td>November 2005</td> <td>33%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">58%</td> <td>9%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>December 2005</td> <td>January 2011</td> <td>44%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">56%</td> <td>0%</td> <td>STEM<a href="#cite_note-stem110131-47">[47]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 2006</td> <td>June 2006</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">56%</td> <td>35%</td> <td>9%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 2006</td> <td>January 2011</td> <td>46%</td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">54%</td> <td>0%</td> <td>STEM<a href="#cite_note-stem110131-47">[47]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 2006</td> <td>November 2006</td> <td>44%</td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">47%</td> <td>9%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>November 2006</td> <td>January 2011</td> <td>47%</td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">53%</td> <td>0%</td> <td>STEM<a href="#cite_note-stem110131-47">[47]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>March 2007</td> <td>May 2007</td> <td>46%</td> <td>46%</td> <td>8%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 2007</td> <td>November 2007</td> <td>42%</td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">48%</td> <td>10%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>May 2008</td> <td>July 2008</td> <td>42%</td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">48%</td> <td>10%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>May 2009</td> <td>December 2009</td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">50%</td> <td>44%</td> <td>6%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 2009</td> <td>November 2009</td> <td>37%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">54%</td> <td>9%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>May 2010</td> <td>July 2010</td> <td>39%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">58%</td> <td>3% </td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 2010</td> <td>January 2011</td> <td>30%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">70%</td> <td>0%</td> <td>STEM<a href="#cite_note-stem110131-47">[47]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 2010</td> <td>December 2010</td> <td>36%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">61%</td> <td>2%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>January 2011</td> <td>2011</td> <td>22%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">78%</td> <td>0%</td> <td>STEM<a href="#cite_note-stem110131-47">[47]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>May 2011</td> <td>August 2011</td> <td>26%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">69%</td> <td>5%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>November 2011</td> <td>July 2012</td> <td>13%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">82%</td> <td>5%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 2012</td> <td>July 2012</td> <td>13%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">81%</td> <td>6%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 2013</td> <td>June 2013</td> <td>14%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">80%</td> <td>6%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 2014</td> <td>June 2014</td> <td>16%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">77%</td> <td>7%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 2015</td> <td>May 2015</td> <td>24%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">69%</td> <td>7%</td> <td>CVVM<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 2015</td> <td>May 2015</td> <td>29%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">70%</td> <td>1%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 2016</td> <td>May 2016</td> <td>17%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">78%</td> <td>5%</td> <td>CVVM<a href="#cite_note-CVVM_2016-64">[64]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 2016</td> <td>May 2016</td> <td>29%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">70%</td> <td>1%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 2017</td> <td>May 2017</td> <td>21%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">72%</td> <td>7%</td> <td>CVVM<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 2017</td> <td>May 2017</td> <td>29%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">70%</td> <td>1%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 2018</td> <td>May 2018</td> <td>20%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">73%</td> <td>7%</td> <td>CVVM<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 2018</td> <td>May 2018</td> <td>33%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">66%</td> <td>1%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 2019</td> <td>May 2019</td> <td>20%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">75%</td> <td>5%</td> <td>CVVM<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 2019</td> <td>June 2019</td> <td>39%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">60%</td> <td>1%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 2020</td> <td>July 2020</td> <td>34%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">63%</td> <td>3%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>May 2021</td> <td>July 2021</td> <td>33%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">67%</td> <td>0%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 2022</td> <td>June 2022</td> <td>44%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">55%</td> <td>2%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 2023</td> <td>June 2023</td> <td>45%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">55%</td> <td>1%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-Eurobarometer_apr_2023-75">[75]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>May 2023</td> <td>July 2023</td> <td>22%</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">73%</td> <td>5%</td> <td>CVVM<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>May 2024</td> <td>June 2024</td> <td>49%</td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">50%</td> <td>1%</td> <td>Eurobarometer<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Adoption_status">Adoption status</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Czech_Republic_and_the_euro&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Adoption status">edit</a>]</div> The 1992 <a href="/wiki/Maastricht_Treaty" title="Maastricht Treaty">Maastricht Treaty</a> originally required that all members of the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> join the euro once certain <a href="/wiki/Convergence_criteria" class="mw-redirect" title="Convergence criteria">economic criteria</a> are met. The Czech Republic meets two of the five conditions for joining the euro as of June 2022<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Czech_Republic_and_the_euro&action=edit">[update]</a>; their inflation rate, not being a member of the European exchange rate mechanism, and the incompatibility of its domestic legislation are the conditions not met. <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;"> <caption><a href="/wiki/Euro_convergence_criteria" title="Euro convergence criteria">Convergence criteria</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Assessment month </th> <th rowspan="2">Country </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Harmonised_Index_of_Consumer_Prices" title="Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices">HICP inflation rate</a><a href="#cite_note-12-months_average_of_Annual_HICP_rates_reported_by_Eurostat_on_a_monthly_basis-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-HICP-79">[nb 1]</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Excessive_deficit_procedure" class="mw-redirect" title="Excessive deficit procedure">Excessive deficit procedure</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[79]</a> </th> <th colspan="2">Exchange rate </th> <th rowspan="2">Long-term <a href="/wiki/Interest_rate" title="Interest rate">interest rate</a><a href="#cite_note-Long-term_interest_rate_(monthly_EMU_data_for_the_past_year)-81">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-interest-82">[nb 2]</a> </th> <th rowspan="2">Compatibility of legislation </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Government_budget_deficit" class="mw-redirect" title="Government budget deficit">Budget deficit</a> to <a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a><a href="#cite_note-Eurostat_deficit_figures-83">[81]</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Debt-to-GDP_ratio" title="Debt-to-GDP ratio">Debt-to-GDP ratio</a><a href="#cite_note-Eurostat_debt_figures-84">[82]</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/European_Exchange_Rate_Mechanism" title="European Exchange Rate Mechanism">ERM II</a> member<a href="#cite_note-ERM-II_members-85">[83]</a> </th> <th>Change in rate<a href="#cite_note-86">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[nb 3]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4">2012 <a href="/wiki/European_Central_Bank" title="European Central Bank">ECB</a> Report<a href="#cite_note-90">[nb 4]</a> </th> <th rowspan="2">Reference values </th> <th rowspan="2">Max. 3.1%<a href="#cite_note-refstateshicp2012-91">[nb 5]</a> (as of 31 Mar 2012) </th> <th colspan="2">None open (as of 31 March 2012) </th> <th rowspan="2">Min. 2 years (as of 31 Mar 2012) </th> <th rowspan="2">Max. ±15%<a href="#cite_note-DENEXCR-92">[nb 6]</a> (for 2011) </th> <th rowspan="2">Max. 5.80%<a href="#cite_note-refstatesint2012-93">[nb 7]</a> (as of 31 Mar 2012) </th> <th rowspan="2">Yes<a href="#cite_note-cr2012-89">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-94">[87]</a> (as of 31 Mar 2012) </th></tr> <tr> <th>Max. 3.0% (Fiscal year 2011)<a href="#cite_note-EC_Spring_Forecast_2012-95">[88]</a> </th> <th>Max. 60% (Fiscal year 2011)<a href="#cite_note-EC_Spring_Forecast_2012-95">[88]</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Czech Republic</a> </td> <td style="background:lightgreen;" rowspan="2">2.7% </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#ff7f7f">Open </td> <td style="background:#ff7f7f;" rowspan="2">No </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:lightgreen;">2.7% </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:lightgreen;">3.54% </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:#ff7f7f;">No </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="background:#ff7f7f">3.1% </td> <td style="background:lightgreen">41.2% </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4">2013 <a href="/wiki/European_Central_Bank" title="European Central Bank">ECB</a> Report<a href="#cite_note-97">[nb 8]</a> </th> <th rowspan="2">Reference values </th> <th rowspan="2">Max. 2.7%<a href="#cite_note-refstates2013-98">[nb 9]</a> (as of 30 Apr 2013) </th> <th colspan="2">None open (as of 30 Apr 2013) </th> <th rowspan="2">Min. 2 years (as of 30 Apr 2013) </th> <th rowspan="2">Max. ±15%<a href="#cite_note-DENEXCR-92">[nb 6]</a> (for 2012) </th> <th rowspan="2">Max. 5.5%<a href="#cite_note-refstates2013-98">[nb 9]</a> (as of 30 Apr 2013) </th> <th rowspan="2">Yes<a href="#cite_note-cr2013-96">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-99">[90]</a> (as of 30 Apr 2013) </th></tr> <tr> <th>Max. 3.0% (Fiscal year 2012)<a href="#cite_note-EC_Spring_Forecast_2013-100">[91]</a> </th> <th>Max. 60% (Fiscal year 2012)<a href="#cite_note-EC_Spring_Forecast_2013-100">[91]</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Czech Republic</a> </td> <td style="background:#ff7f7f;" rowspan="2">2.8% </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#ff7f7f">Open </td> <td style="background:#ff7f7f;" rowspan="2">No </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:lightgreen;">-2.3% </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:lightgreen;">2.30% </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #EEE); color: var(--color-base, black); vertical-align: middle; white-space: nowrap; text-align: center;" class="table-Unknown">Unknown </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="background:#ff7f7f">4.4% </td> <td style="background:lightgreen">45.8% </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4">2014 <a href="/wiki/European_Central_Bank" title="European Central Bank">ECB</a> Report<a href="#cite_note-102">[nb 10]</a> </th> <th rowspan="2">Reference values </th> <th rowspan="2">Max. 1.7%<a href="#cite_note-refstateshicp2014-103">[nb 11]</a> (as of 30 Apr 2014) </th> <th colspan="2">None open (as of 30 Apr 2014) </th> <th rowspan="2">Min. 2 years (as of 30 Apr 2014) </th> <th rowspan="2">Max. ±15%<a href="#cite_note-DENEXCR-92">[nb 6]</a> (for 2013) </th> <th rowspan="2">Max. 6.2%<a href="#cite_note-refstatesint2014-104">[nb 12]</a> (as of 30 Apr 2014) </th> <th rowspan="2">Yes<a href="#cite_note-cr2014-101">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-105">[93]</a> (as of 30 Apr 2014) </th></tr> <tr> <th>Max. 3.0% (Fiscal year 2013)<a href="#cite_note-EC_Spring_Forecast_2014-106">[94]</a> </th> <th>Max. 60% (Fiscal year 2013)<a href="#cite_note-EC_Spring_Forecast_2014-106">[94]</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Czech Republic</a> </td> <td style="background:lightgreen;" rowspan="2">0.9% </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:yellow">Open (Closed in June 2014) </td> <td style="background:#ff7f7f;" rowspan="2">No </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:lightgreen;">-3.3% </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:lightgreen;">2.21% </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:#ff7f7f;">No </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="background:lightgreen">1.5% </td> <td style="background:lightgreen">46.0% </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4">2016 <a href="/wiki/European_Central_Bank" title="European Central Bank">ECB</a> Report<a href="#cite_note-108">[nb 13]</a> </th> <th rowspan="2">Reference values </th> <th rowspan="2">Max. 0.7%<a href="#cite_note-refstateshicp2016-109">[nb 14]</a> (as of 30 Apr 2016) </th> <th colspan="2">None open (as of 18 May 2016) </th> <th rowspan="2">Min. 2 years (as of 18 May 2016) </th> <th rowspan="2">Max. ±15%<a href="#cite_note-DENEXCR-92">[nb 6]</a> (for 2015) </th> <th rowspan="2">Max. 4.0%<a href="#cite_note-refstatesint2016-110">[nb 15]</a> (as of 30 Apr 2016) </th> <th rowspan="2">Yes<a href="#cite_note-cr2016-107">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[96]</a> (as of 18 May 2016) </th></tr> <tr> <th>Max. 3.0% (Fiscal year 2015)<a href="#cite_note-EC_Spring_Forecast_2016-112">[97]</a> </th> <th>Max. 60% (Fiscal year 2015)<a href="#cite_note-EC_Spring_Forecast_2016-112">[97]</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Czech Republic</a> </td> <td style="background:lightgreen;" rowspan="2">0.4% </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:lightgreen">None </td> <td style="background:#ff7f7f;" rowspan="2">No </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:lightgreen;">0.9% </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:lightgreen;">0.6% </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:#ff7f7f;">No </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="background:lightgreen">0.4% </td> <td style="background:lightgreen">41.1% </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4">2018 <a href="/wiki/European_Central_Bank" title="European Central Bank">ECB</a> Report<a href="#cite_note-114">[nb 16]</a> </th> <th rowspan="2">Reference values </th> <th rowspan="2">Max. 1.9%<a href="#cite_note-refstateshcip2018-115">[nb 17]</a> (as of 31 Mar 2018) </th> <th colspan="2">None open (as of 3 May 2018) </th> <th rowspan="2">Min. 2 years (as of 3 May 2018) </th> <th rowspan="2">Max. ±15%<a href="#cite_note-DENEXCR-92">[nb 6]</a> (for 2017) </th> <th rowspan="2">Max. 3.2%<a href="#cite_note-refstatesint2018-116">[nb 18]</a> (as of 31 Mar 2018) </th> <th rowspan="2">Yes<a href="#cite_note-cr2018-113">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-117">[99]</a> (as of 20 March 2018) </th></tr> <tr> <th>Max. 3.0% (Fiscal year 2017)<a href="#cite_note-EC_Spring_Forecast_2018-118">[100]</a> </th> <th>Max. 60% (Fiscal year 2017)<a href="#cite_note-EC_Spring_Forecast_2018-118">[100]</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Czech Republic</a> </td> <td style="background:#ff7f7f;" rowspan="2">2.2% </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:lightgreen">None </td> <td style="background:#ff7f7f;" rowspan="2">No </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:lightgreen;">2.6% </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:lightgreen;">1.3% </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:#ff7f7f;">No </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="background:lightgreen">-1.6% (surplus) </td> <td style="background:lightgreen">34.6% </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4">2020 <a href="/wiki/European_Central_Bank" title="European Central Bank">ECB</a> Report<a href="#cite_note-120">[nb 19]</a> </th> <th rowspan="2">Reference values </th> <th rowspan="2">Max. 1.8%<a href="#cite_note-refstateshcip2020-121">[nb 20]</a> (as of 31 Mar 2020) </th> <th colspan="2">None open (as of 7 May 2020) </th> <th rowspan="2">Min. 2 years (as of 7 May 2020) </th> <th rowspan="2">Max. ±15%<a href="#cite_note-DENEXCR-92">[nb 6]</a> (for 2019) </th> <th rowspan="2">Max. 2.9%<a href="#cite_note-refstatesint2020-122">[nb 21]</a> (as of 31 Mar 2020) </th> <th rowspan="2">Yes<a href="#cite_note-cr2020-119">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[102]</a> (as of 24 March 2020) </th></tr> <tr> <th>Max. 3.0% (Fiscal year 2019)<a href="#cite_note-EC_Spring_Forecast_2020-124">[103]</a> </th> <th>Max. 60% (Fiscal year 2019)<a href="#cite_note-EC_Spring_Forecast_2020-124">[103]</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Czech Republic</a> </td> <td style="background:#ff7f7f;" rowspan="2">2.9% </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:lightgreen">None </td> <td style="background:#ff7f7f;" rowspan="2">No </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:lightgreen;">-0.1% </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:lightgreen;">1.5% </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:#ff7f7f;">No </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="background:lightgreen">-0.3% (surplus) </td> <td style="background:lightgreen">30.8% </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4">2022 <a href="/wiki/European_Central_Bank" title="European Central Bank">ECB</a> Report<a href="#cite_note-126">[nb 22]</a> </th> <th rowspan="2">Reference values </th> <th rowspan="2">Max. 4.9%<a href="#cite_note-RefStates2022-127">[nb 23]</a> (as of April 2022) </th> <th colspan="2">None open (as of 25 May 2022) </th> <th rowspan="2">Min. 2 years (as of 25 May 2022) </th> <th rowspan="2">Max. ±15%<a href="#cite_note-DENEXCR-92">[nb 6]</a> (for 2021) </th> <th rowspan="2">Max. 2.6%<a href="#cite_note-RefStates2022-127">[nb 23]</a> (as of April 2022) </th> <th rowspan="2">Yes<a href="#cite_note-Report2022-125">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-128">[105]</a> (as of 25 March 2022) </th></tr> <tr> <th>Max. 3.0% (Fiscal year 2021)<a href="#cite_note-Report2022-125">[104]</a> </th> <th>Max. 60% (Fiscal year 2021)<a href="#cite_note-Report2022-125">[104]</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Czech Republic</a> </td> <td style="background:#ff7f7f;" rowspan="2">6.2% </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:lightgreen">None </td> <td style="background:#ff7f7f;" rowspan="2">No </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:lightgreen;">3.1% </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:lightgreen;">2.5% </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:#ff7f7f;">No </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="background:yellow">5.9% (exempt) </td> <td style="background:lightgreen">41.9% </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4">2024 <a href="/wiki/European_Central_Bank" title="European Central Bank">ECB</a> Report<a href="#cite_note-130">[nb 24]</a> </th> <th rowspan="2">Reference values </th> <th rowspan="2">Max. 3.3%<a href="#cite_note-RefStates2024-131">[nb 25]</a> (as of May 2024) </th> <th colspan="2">None open (as of 19 June 2024) </th> <th rowspan="2">Min. 2 years (as of 19 June 2024) </th> <th rowspan="2">Max. ±15%<a href="#cite_note-DENEXCR-92">[nb 6]</a> (for 2023) </th> <th rowspan="2">Max. 4.8%<a href="#cite_note-RefStates2024-131">[nb 25]</a> (as of May 2024) </th> <th rowspan="2">Yes<a href="#cite_note-Report2024-129">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-132">[107]</a> (as of 27 March 2024) </th></tr> <tr> <th>Max. 3.0% (Fiscal year 2023)<a href="#cite_note-Report2024-129">[106]</a> </th> <th>Max. 60% (Fiscal year 2023)<a href="#cite_note-Report2024-129">[106]</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Czech Republic</a> </td> <td style="background:#ff7f7f;" rowspan="2">6.3% </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:lightgreen">None </td> <td style="background:#ff7f7f;" rowspan="2">No </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:lightgreen;">2.3% </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:lightgreen;">4.2% </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:#ff7f7f;">No </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="background:yellow">3.7% (exempt) </td> <td style="background:lightgreen">44.0% </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="font-size:85%;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Criterion fulfilled</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Criterion potentially fulfilled: If the budget deficit exceeds the 3% limit, but is "close" to this value (the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a> has deemed 3.5% to be close by in the past),<a href="#cite_note-133">[108]</a> then the criteria can still potentially be fulfilled if either the deficits in the previous two years are significantly declining towards the 3% limit, or if the excessive deficit is the result of exceptional circumstances which are temporary in nature (i.e. one-off expenditures triggered by a significant economic downturn, or by the implementation of economic reforms that are expected to deliver a significant positive impact on the government's future fiscal budgets). However, even if such "special circumstances" are found to exist, additional criteria must also be met to comply with the fiscal budget criterion.<a href="#cite_note-First_EMI_report_on_convergence_criteria_and_progress_towards_convergence-134">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-EMI's_operationalisation_of_the_convergence_criteria-135">[110]</a> Additionally, if the debt-to-GDP ratio exceeds 60% but is "sufficiently diminishing and approaching the reference value at a satisfactory pace" it can be deemed to be in compliance.<a href="#cite_note-EMI's_operationalisation_of_the_convergence_criteria-135">[110]</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Criterion not fulfilled</div></div> <dl><dt>Notes</dt></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-HICP-79"><a href="#cite_ref-HICP_79-0">^</a> The rate of increase of the 12-month average <a href="/wiki/Harmonised_Index_of_Consumer_Prices" title="Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices">HICP</a> over the prior 12-month average must be no more than 1.5% larger than the unweighted arithmetic average of the similar HICP inflation rates in the 3 EU member states with the lowest HICP inflation. If any of these 3 states have a HICP rate significantly below the similarly averaged HICP rate for the eurozone (which according to ECB practice means more than 2% below), and if this low HICP rate has been primarily caused by exceptional circumstances (i.e. severe wage cuts or a strong recession), then such a state is not included in the calculation of the reference value and is replaced by the EU state with the fourth lowest HICP rate. </li> <li id="cite_note-interest-82"><a href="#cite_ref-interest_82-0">^</a> The arithmetic average of the annual yield of 10-year government bonds as of the end of the past 12 months must be no more than 2.0% larger than the unweighted arithmetic average of the bond yields in the 3 EU member states with the lowest HICP inflation. If any of these states have bond yields which are significantly larger than the similarly averaged yield for the eurozone (which according to previous ECB reports means more than 2% above) and at the same time does not have complete funding access to financial markets (which is the case for as long as a government receives bailout funds), then such a state is not to be included in the calculation of the reference value. </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> The change in the annual average exchange rate against the euro. </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> Reference values from the ECB convergence report of May 2012.<a href="#cite_note-cr2012-89">[86]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-refstateshicp2012-91"><a href="#cite_ref-refstateshicp2012_91-0">^</a> Sweden, Ireland and Slovenia were the reference states.<a href="#cite_note-cr2012-89">[86]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-DENEXCR-92">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DENEXCR_92-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DENEXCR_92-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DENEXCR_92-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DENEXCR_92-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DENEXCR_92-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DENEXCR_92-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DENEXCR_92-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DENEXCR_92-7">h</a> The maximum allowed change in rate is ± 2.25% for Denmark. </li> <li id="cite_note-refstatesint2012-93"><a href="#cite_ref-refstatesint2012_93-0">^</a> Sweden and Slovenia were the reference states, with Ireland excluded as an outlier.<a href="#cite_note-cr2012-89">[86]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> Reference values from the ECB convergence report of June 2013.<a href="#cite_note-cr2013-96">[89]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-refstates2013-98">^ <a href="#cite_ref-refstates2013_98-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-refstates2013_98-1">b</a> Sweden, Latvia and Ireland were the reference states.<a href="#cite_note-cr2013-96">[89]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> Reference values from the ECB convergence report of June 2014.<a href="#cite_note-cr2014-101">[92]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-refstateshicp2014-103"><a href="#cite_ref-refstateshicp2014_103-0">^</a> Latvia, Portugal and Ireland were the reference states, with Greece, Bulgaria and Cyprus excluded as outliers.<a href="#cite_note-cr2014-101">[92]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-refstatesint2014-104"><a href="#cite_ref-refstatesint2014_104-0">^</a> Latvia, Ireland and Portugal were the reference states.<a href="#cite_note-cr2014-101">[92]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> Reference values from the ECB convergence report of June 2016.<a href="#cite_note-cr2016-107">[95]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-refstateshicp2016-109"><a href="#cite_ref-refstateshicp2016_109-0">^</a> Bulgaria, Slovenia and Spain were the reference states, with Cyprus and Romania excluded as outliers.<a href="#cite_note-cr2016-107">[95]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-refstatesint2016-110"><a href="#cite_ref-refstatesint2016_110-0">^</a> Slovenia, Spain and Bulgaria were the reference states.<a href="#cite_note-cr2016-107">[95]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> Reference values from the ECB convergence report of May 2018.<a href="#cite_note-cr2018-113">[98]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-refstateshcip2018-115"><a href="#cite_ref-refstateshcip2018_115-0">^</a> Cyprus, Ireland and Finland were the reference states.<a href="#cite_note-cr2018-113">[98]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-refstatesint2018-116"><a href="#cite_ref-refstatesint2018_116-0">^</a> Cyprus, Ireland and Finland were the reference states.<a href="#cite_note-cr2018-113">[98]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> Reference values from the ECB convergence report of June 2020.<a href="#cite_note-cr2020-119">[101]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-refstateshcip2020-121"><a href="#cite_ref-refstateshcip2020_121-0">^</a> Portugal, Cyprus, and Italy were the reference states.<a href="#cite_note-cr2020-119">[101]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-refstatesint2020-122"><a href="#cite_ref-refstatesint2020_122-0">^</a> Portugal, Cyprus, and Italy were the reference states.<a href="#cite_note-cr2020-119">[101]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> Reference values from the Convergence Report of June 2022.<a href="#cite_note-Report2022-125">[104]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-RefStates2022-127">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RefStates2022_127-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RefStates2022_127-1">b</a> France, Finland, and Greece were the reference states.<a href="#cite_note-Report2022-125">[104]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> Reference values from the Convergence Report of June 2024.<a href="#cite_note-Report2024-129">[106]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-RefStates2024-131">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RefStates2024_131-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RefStates2024_131-1">b</a> Belgium, Denmark, and the Netherlands were the reference states.<a href="#cite_note-Report2024-129">[106]</a> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Czech_Republic_and_the_euro&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Czech_Republic" title="Portal:Czech Republic">Czech Republic portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Bills_and_coins.svg/32px-Bills_and_coins.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Bills_and_coins.svg/48px-Bills_and_coins.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Bills_and_coins.svg/64px-Bills_and_coins.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="465" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Money" title="Portal:Money">Money portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enlargement_of_the_eurozone" title="Enlargement of the eurozone">Enlargement of the eurozone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic_in_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Czech Republic in the European Union">Czech Republic in the European Union</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Czech_Republic_and_the_euro&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060904020211/http://www.sparkasse.at/sPortal/sportal.portal">"Euros in the wallets of the Slovaks, but who will be next?"</a> (Press release). Sparkasse.at. 2008-08-05. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sparkasse.at/sPortal/sportal.portal;jsessionid=qhHSJ0FRvFSBNdNpZkKJVhvhHLJD4v1T2d1BG3Gcyj82vJYTDKm3!76983841?_nfpb=true&_windowLabel=LABEL_MAIN&_urlType=action&LABEL_MAIN_sh=181fe8bb390eeff395532e7956f3e368&LABEL_MAIN_action=content.main&LABEL_MAIN_OVERRULEREFRESHBACK=true&LABEL_MAIN_event=changeMain&LABEL_MAIN_chronicleId=%2Febgroup_en_0196%2FChannels%2FPress%2F2008%2F2.QU%2Feb_pi_en_20080508_next_main_Images.akp&LABEL_MAIN_zz=41235.36447435065&LABEL_MAIN_pc=1&_pageLabel=GRID02&cci=09002ee2805dab70&desk=ebgroup_en_0196&navigationId=012130649753268001119092&">the original</a> on 2006-09-04. 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Novinky.cz (in Czech). 2007-02-21. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinky.cz/ekonomika/euro-je-v-cesku-realne-v-roce-2012--mini-mf_109977_9emse.html">the original</a> on 2007-09-27. Retrieved 2007-08-25.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Novinky.cz&rft.atitle=Euro+je+v+%C4%8Cesku+re%C3%A1ln%C3%A9+v+roce+2012%2C+m%C3%ADn%C3%AD+MF&rft.date=2007-02-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinky.cz%2Fekonomika%2Feuro-je-v-cesku-realne-v-roce-2012--mini-mf_109977_9emse.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACzech+Republic+and+the+euro" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nov071118-9"><a href="#cite_ref-nov071118_9-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinky.cz/127060-.html">"Topolánek: euro nepřijmeme asi ani v roce 2012"</a> [Topolanek: we won't adopt Euro in 2012 either]. 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Retrieved 2008-12-21.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Euros+in+the+wallets+of+the+Slovaks%2C+but+who+will+be+next%3F&rft.pub=Sparkasse.at&rft.date=2008-08-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sparkasse.at%2FsPortal%2Fsportal.portal%3Bjsessionid%3DqhHSJ0FRvFSBNdNpZkKJVhvhHLJD4v1T2d1BG3Gcyj82vJYTDKm3%2176983841%3F_nfpb%3Dtrue%26_windowLabel%3DLABEL_MAIN%26_urlType%3Daction%26LABEL_MAIN_sh%3D181fe8bb390eeff395532e7956f3e368%26LABEL_MAIN_action%3Dcontent.main%26LABEL_MAIN_OVERRULEREFRESHBACK%3Dtrue%26LABEL_MAIN_event%3DchangeMain%26LABEL_MAIN_chronicleId%3D%252Febgroup_en_0196%252FChannels%252FPress%252F2008%252F2.QU%252Feb_pi_en_20080508_next_main_Images.akp%26LABEL_MAIN_zz%3D41235.36447435065%26LABEL_MAIN_pc%3D1%26_pageLabel%3DGRID02%26cci%3D09002ee2805dab70%26desk%3Debgroup_en_0196%26navigationId%3D012130649753268001119092%26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACzech+Republic+and+the+euro" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FN0910-11"><a href="#cite_ref-FN0910_11-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.financninoviny.cz/zpravy/czech-euro-adoption-in-2014-or-2015-not-realistic-janota/393013&id_seznam=">"Czech euro adoption in 2014 or 2015 not realistic – Janota"</a>. 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Retrieved 2024-02-04.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=europa.eu&rft.atitle=Flash+Eurobarometer+307+-+Introduction+of+the+euro+in+the+new+Member+States+-+Autumn+2010&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feuropa.eu%2Feurobarometer%2Fsurveys%2Fdetail%2F884&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACzech+Republic+and+the+euro" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/978">"Flash Eurobarometer 329 - Introduction of the euro in the new Member States - Summer 2011"</a>. europa.eu. Retrieved 2024-02-04.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=europa.eu&rft.atitle=Flash+Eurobarometer+329+-+Introduction+of+the+euro+in+the+new+Member+States+-+Summer+2011&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feuropa.eu%2Feurobarometer%2Fsurveys%2Fdetail%2F978&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACzech+Republic+and+the+euro" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/1009">"Flash Eurobarometer 336 - Introduction of the euro in the more recently acceded Member States - Autumn 2011"</a>. europa.eu. Retrieved 2024-02-04.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=europa.eu&rft.atitle=Flash+Eurobarometer+336+-+Introduction+of+the+euro+in+the+more+recently+acceded+Member+States+-+Autumn+2011&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feuropa.eu%2Feurobarometer%2Fsurveys%2Fdetail%2F1009&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACzech+Republic+and+the+euro" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/1037">"Flash Eurobarometer 349 - Introduction of the euro in the more recently acceded Member States - Spring 2012"</a>. europa.eu. Retrieved 2024-02-04.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=europa.eu&rft.atitle=Flash+Eurobarometer+349+-+Introduction+of+the+euro+in+the+more+recently+acceded+Member+States+-+Spring+2012&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feuropa.eu%2Feurobarometer%2Fsurveys%2Fdetail%2F1037&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACzech+Republic+and+the+euro" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/1074">"Flash Eurobarometer 377 - Introduction of the Euro in the more recently acceded Member States - Spring 2013"</a>. europa.eu. Retrieved 2024-02-04.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=europa.eu&rft.atitle=Flash+Eurobarometer+377+-+Introduction+of+the+Euro+in+the+more+recently+acceded+Member+States+-+Spring+2013&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feuropa.eu%2Feurobarometer%2Fsurveys%2Fdetail%2F1074&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACzech+Republic+and+the+euro" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/2001">"Flash Eurobarometer 400 - Introduction of the euro in the more recently acceded Member States - Spring 2014"</a>. europa.eu. Retrieved 2024-02-04.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=europa.eu&rft.atitle=Flash+Eurobarometer+400+-+Introduction+of+the+euro+in+the+more+recently+acceded+Member+States+-+Spring+2014&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feuropa.eu%2Feurobarometer%2Fsurveys%2Fdetail%2F2001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACzech+Republic+and+the+euro" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cvvm.soc.cas.cz/cz/tiskove-zpravy/politicke/mezinarodni-vztahy/1890-obcane-o-prijeti-eura-a-dopadech-vstupu-cr-do-eu-duben-2015?highlight=WyJwXHUwMTU5aWpldFx1MDBlZCIsImV1cmEiLDIwMTUsInBcdTAxNTlpamV0XHUwMGVkIGV1cmEiXQ==">"Občané o přijetí eura a dopadech vstupu ČR do EU – duben 2015 – Centrum pro výzkum veřejného mínění"</a>. cvvm.soc.cas.cz.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cvvm.soc.cas.cz&rft.atitle=Ob%C4%8Dan%C3%A9+o+p%C5%99ijet%C3%AD+eura+a+dopadech+vstupu+%C4%8CR+do+EU+%E2%80%93+duben+2015+%E2%80%93+Centrum+pro+v%C3%BDzkum+ve%C5%99ejn%C3%A9ho+m%C3%ADn%C4%9Bn%C3%AD&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcvvm.soc.cas.cz%2Fcz%2Ftiskove-zpravy%2Fpoliticke%2Fmezinarodni-vztahy%2F1890-obcane-o-prijeti-eura-a-dopadech-vstupu-cr-do-eu-duben-2015%3Fhighlight%3DWyJwXHUwMTU5aWpldFx1MDBlZCIsImV1cmEiLDIwMTUsInBcdTAxNTlpamV0XHUwMGVkIGV1cmEiXQ%3D%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACzech+Republic+and+the+euro" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/2056">"Flash Eurobarometer 418 - Introduction of the euro in the Member States that have not yet adopted the common currency - Spring 2015"</a>. europa.eu. Retrieved 2024-02-04.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=europa.eu&rft.atitle=Flash+Eurobarometer+418+-+Introduction+of+the+euro+in+the+Member+States+that+have+not+yet+adopted+the+common+currency+-+Spring+2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feuropa.eu%2Feurobarometer%2Fsurveys%2Fdetail%2F2056&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACzech+Republic+and+the+euro" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CVVM_2016-64"><a href="#cite_ref-CVVM_2016_64-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cvvm.soc.cas.cz/cz/tiskove-zpravy/politicke/mezinarodni-vztahy/2047-obcane-cr-o-budoucnosti-eu-a-prijeti-eura-duben-2016">"Občané ČR o budoucnosti EU a přijetí eura – duben 2016 – Centrum pro výzkum veřejného mínění"</a>. cvvm.soc.cas.cz.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cvvm.soc.cas.cz&rft.atitle=Ob%C4%8Dan%C3%A9+%C4%8CR+o+budoucnosti+EU+a+p%C5%99ijet%C3%AD+eura+%E2%80%93+duben+2016+%E2%80%93+Centrum+pro+v%C3%BDzkum+ve%C5%99ejn%C3%A9ho+m%C3%ADn%C4%9Bn%C3%AD&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcvvm.soc.cas.cz%2Fcz%2Ftiskove-zpravy%2Fpoliticke%2Fmezinarodni-vztahy%2F2047-obcane-cr-o-budoucnosti-eu-a-prijeti-eura-duben-2016&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACzech+Republic+and+the+euro" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/2105">"Flash Eurobarometer 440 - Introduction of the euro in the Member States that have not yet adopted the common currency - Spring 2016"</a>. europa.eu. Retrieved 2024-02-04.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=europa.eu&rft.atitle=Flash+Eurobarometer+440+-+Introduction+of+the+euro+in+the+Member+States+that+have+not+yet+adopted+the+common+currency+-+Spring+2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feuropa.eu%2Feurobarometer%2Fsurveys%2Fdetail%2F2105&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACzech+Republic+and+the+euro" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cvvm.soc.cas.cz/cz/tiskove-zpravy/politicke/mezinarodni-vztahy/4329-obcane-cr-o-budoucnosti-eu-a-prijeti-eura-duben-2017">"Občané ČR o budoucnosti EU a přijetí eura – duben 2017 – Centrum pro výzkum veřejného mínění"</a>. cvvm.soc.cas.cz.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cvvm.soc.cas.cz&rft.atitle=Ob%C4%8Dan%C3%A9+%C4%8CR+o+budoucnosti+EU+a+p%C5%99ijet%C3%AD+eura+%E2%80%93+duben+2017+%E2%80%93+Centrum+pro+v%C3%BDzkum+ve%C5%99ejn%C3%A9ho+m%C3%ADn%C4%9Bn%C3%AD&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcvvm.soc.cas.cz%2Fcz%2Ftiskove-zpravy%2Fpoliticke%2Fmezinarodni-vztahy%2F4329-obcane-cr-o-budoucnosti-eu-a-prijeti-eura-duben-2017&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACzech+Republic+and+the+euro" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/2157">"Flash Eurobarometer 453 - Introduction of the euro in the Member States that have not yet adopted the common currency - Spring 2017"</a>. europa.eu. Retrieved 2024-02-04.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=europa.eu&rft.atitle=Flash+Eurobarometer+453+-+Introduction+of+the+euro+in+the+Member+States+that+have+not+yet+adopted+the+common+currency+-+Spring+2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feuropa.eu%2Feurobarometer%2Fsurveys%2Fdetail%2F2157&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACzech+Republic+and+the+euro" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cvvm.soc.cas.cz/cz/tiskove-zpravy/politicke/mezinarodni-vztahy/4622-obcane-cr-o-budoucnosti-eu-a-prijeti-eura-duben-2018">"Občané ČR o budoucnosti EU a přijetí eura – duben 2018 – Centrum pro výzkum veřejného mínění"</a>. cvvm.soc.cas.cz.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cvvm.soc.cas.cz&rft.atitle=Ob%C4%8Dan%C3%A9+%C4%8CR+o+budoucnosti+EU+a+p%C5%99ijet%C3%AD+eura+%E2%80%93+duben+2018+%E2%80%93+Centrum+pro+v%C3%BDzkum+ve%C5%99ejn%C3%A9ho+m%C3%ADn%C4%9Bn%C3%AD&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcvvm.soc.cas.cz%2Fcz%2Ftiskove-zpravy%2Fpoliticke%2Fmezinarodni-vztahy%2F4622-obcane-cr-o-budoucnosti-eu-a-prijeti-eura-duben-2018&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACzech+Republic+and+the+euro" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/2187">"Eurobarometer - Introduction of the euro in the Member States that have not yet adopted the common currency - Spring 2018"</a>. europa.eu. Retrieved 2024-02-04.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=europa.eu&rft.atitle=Eurobarometer+-+Introduction+of+the+euro+in+the+Member+States+that+have+not+yet+adopted+the+common+currency+-+Spring+2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feuropa.eu%2Feurobarometer%2Fsurveys%2Fdetail%2F2187&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACzech+Republic+and+the+euro" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cvvm.soc.cas.cz/media/com_form2content/documents/c2/a4932/f9/pm190531.pdf">"CVVM report 2019"</a> (PDF).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CVVM+report+2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcvvm.soc.cas.cz%2Fmedia%2Fcom_form2content%2Fdocuments%2Fc2%2Fa4932%2Ff9%2Fpm190531.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACzech+Republic+and+the+euro" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/2242">"Flash Eurobarometer 479 - General public in seven EU countries not yet having adopted the euro - Spring 2019"</a>. europa.eu. 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Euro_topics1192" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Euro_topics" title="Template:Euro topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Euro_topics" title="Template talk:Euro topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Euro_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Euro topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Euro_topics1192" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">Euro</a> topics</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_and_Monetary_Union_of_the_European_Union" title="Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union">Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_Markets_Union" title="Capital Markets Union">Capital Markets Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_banking_union" title="European banking union">European banking union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_sign" title="Euro sign">Euro sign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurozone" title="Eurozone">Eurozone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Language_and_the_euro" title="Language and the euro">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro-Skulptur" title="Euro-Skulptur">Euro-Skulptur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Administration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Central_Bank" title="European Central Bank">European Central Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Central_Bank" title="President of the European Central Bank">ECB president</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_System_of_Central_Banks" title="European System of Central Banks">European System of Central Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurosystem" title="Eurosystem">Eurosystem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_and_Financial_Affairs_Council" title="Economic and Financial Affairs Council">Ecofin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurogroup" title="Eurogroup">Eurogroup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_summit" title="Euro summit">Euro summit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fiscal provisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stability_and_Growth_Pact" title="Stability and Growth Pact">Stability and Growth Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Stability_Mechanism" title="European Stability Mechanism">European Stability Mechanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_Plus_Pact" title="Euro Plus Pact">Euro Plus Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixpack_(European_Union_law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sixpack (European Union law)">Six pack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Fiscal_Compact" title="European Fiscal Compact">European Fiscal Compact</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Economy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Europe" title="Economy of Europe">Economy of Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_European_Union" title="Economy of the European Union">Economy of the European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eonia" title="Eonia">Eonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_calculator" title="Euro calculator">Euro calculator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euribor" title="Euribor">Euro interbank offered rate (Euribor)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_Euro_Payments_Area" title="Single Euro Payments Area">Single euro payments area (SEPA)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Payments_Initiative" title="European Payments Initiative">European payments initiative (EPI)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_Currency_Index" title="Euro Currency Index">Euro Currency Index</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/International_status_and_usage_of_the_euro" title="International status and usage of the euro">International status</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurobond_(eurozone)" title="Eurobond (eurozone)">Proposed eurobonds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reserve_currency" title="Reserve currency">Reserve currency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrocurrency" title="Petrocurrency">Petroeuro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_currency" title="World currency">World currency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Denominations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Euro_coins" title="Euro coins">Coins</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1_euro_cent_coin" title="1 euro cent coin">1c</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_euro_cent_coin" title="2 euro cent coin">2c</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_euro_cent_coin" title="5 euro cent coin">5c</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10_euro_cent_coin" title="10 euro cent coin">10c</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20_euro_cent_coin" title="20 euro cent coin">20c</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/50_euro_cent_coin" title="50 euro cent coin">50c</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1_euro_coin" title="1 euro coin">€1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_euro_coin" title="2 euro coin">€2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_euro_commemorative_coins" title="2 euro commemorative coins">€2 commemorative coins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_gold_and_silver_commemorative_coins" title="Euro gold and silver commemorative coins">Other commemorative coins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Identifying_marks_on_euro_coins" title="Identifying marks on euro coins">Identifying marks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_starter_kits" title="Euro starter kits">Starter kits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_coin_programme" title="Europa coin programme">Europa coin programme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_euro_mints" title="List of euro mints">Euro mint</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Euro_banknotes" title="Euro banknotes">Banknotes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/5_euro_note" title="5 euro note">€5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10_euro_note" title="10 euro note">€10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20_euro_note" title="20 euro note">€20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/50_euro_note" title="50 euro note">€50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/100_euro_note" title="100 euro note">€100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/200_euro_note" title="200 euro note">€200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/500_euro_note" title="500 euro note">€500</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Coins by country with minting rights</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Eurozone" title="Eurozone">Eurozone</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_euro_coins" title="Austrian euro coins">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_euro_coins" title="Belgian euro coins">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_euro_coins" title="Croatian euro coins">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypriot_euro_coins" title="Cypriot euro coins">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_euro_coins" title="Estonian euro coins">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_euro_coins" title="Finnish euro coins">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_euro_coins" title="French euro coins">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_euro_coins" title="German euro coins">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_euro_coins" title="Greek euro coins">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_euro_coins" title="Irish euro coins">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_euro_coins" title="Italian euro coins">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_euro_coins" class="mw-redirect" title="Latvian euro coins">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_euro_coins" class="mw-redirect" title="Lithuanian euro coins">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourgish_euro_coins" title="Luxembourgish euro coins">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltese_euro_coins" title="Maltese euro coins">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_euro_coins" title="Dutch euro coins">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_euro_coins" title="Portuguese euro coins">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_euro_coins" title="Slovak euro coins">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_euro_coins" title="Slovenian euro coins">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_euro_coins" title="Spanish euro coins">Spain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Euro#Agreed_direct_usage_with_minting_rights" title="Euro">Monetary agreement with EU</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andorra_and_the_euro" title="Andorra and the euro">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mon%C3%A9gasque_euro_coins" title="Monégasque euro coins">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammarinese_euro_coins" class="mw-redirect" title="Sammarinese euro coins">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_euro_coins" title="Vatican euro coins">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Euro#Agreed_direct_usage_without_minting_rights" title="Euro">Non-EU territories using euro per agreement without minting rights</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy" title="Saint Barthélemy">Saint Barthélemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon" title="Saint Pierre and Miquelon">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands" title="French Southern and Antarctic Lands">French Southern and Antarctic Lands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Potential adoption by other countries</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria_and_the_euro" title="Bulgaria and the euro">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark_and_the_euro" title="Denmark and the euro">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary_and_the_euro" title="Hungary and the euro">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland_and_the_euro" title="Poland and the euro">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania_and_the_euro" title="Romania and the euro">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden_and_the_euro" title="Sweden and the euro">Sweden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Euro#Unilateral_direct_usage" title="Euro">Countries and territories using euro unilaterally</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_and_the_euro" title="Kosovo and the euro">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegro_and_the_euro" title="Montenegro and the euro">Montenegro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Currencies_of_the_European_Union" title="Currencies of the European Union">Other extant EU currencies</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em;font-weight:normal;">ERM II</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_lev" title="Bulgarian lev">Bulgarian lev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_krone" title="Danish krone">Danish krone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Czech_koruna" title="Czech koruna">Czech koruna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_forint" title="Hungarian forint">Hungarian forint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_z%C5%82oty" title="Polish złoty">Polish złoty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_leu" title="Romanian leu">Romanian leu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_krona" title="Swedish krona">Swedish krona</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_euro" title="History of the euro">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em;font-weight:normal;">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Snake_in_the_tunnel" title="Snake in the tunnel">Snake in the tunnel</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Monetary_System" title="European Monetary System">European Monetary System</a> <ul><li>I <a href="/wiki/European_Currency_Unit" title="European Currency Unit">ECU</a></li> <li>II <a href="/wiki/European_Exchange_Rate_Mechanism" title="European Exchange Rate Mechanism">ERM</a></li> <li>III <a href="/wiki/Economic_and_Monetary_Union_of_the_European_Union" title="Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union">EMU</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Monetary_Cooperation_Fund" title="European Monetary Cooperation Fund">European Monetary Cooperation Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delors_Committee" title="Delors Committee">Delors Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Monetary_Institute" title="European Monetary Institute">European Monetary Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enlargement_of_the_eurozone" title="Enlargement of the eurozone">Enlargement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Wednesday" title="Black Wednesday">Black Wednesday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_debt_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="European debt crisis">European debt crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_from_the_eurozone" title="Withdrawal from the eurozone">Withdrawal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Previous EU members and euro</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_and_the_euro" title="United Kingdom and the euro">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em;font-weight:normal;">Preceding currencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Currency_Unit" title="European Currency Unit">European Currency Unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_schilling" title="Austrian schilling">Austrian schilling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_franc" title="Belgian franc">Belgian franc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_kuna" title="Croatian kuna">Croatian kuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypriot_pound" title="Cypriot pound">Cypriot pound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_guilder" title="Dutch guilder">Dutch guilder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_kroon" title="Estonian kroon">Estonian kroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_markka" title="Finnish markka">Finnish markka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_franc" title="French franc">French franc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Mark" title="Deutsche Mark">German Mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_drachma" title="Modern drachma">Greek drachma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_pound" title="Irish pound">Irish pound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_lira" title="Italian lira">Italian lira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_lats" title="Latvian lats">Latvian lats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_litas" title="Lithuanian litas">Lithuanian litas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_franc" title="Luxembourg franc">Luxembourg franc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltese_lira" title="Maltese lira">Maltese lira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mon%C3%A9gasque_franc" title="Monégasque franc">Monégasque franc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_escudo" title="Portuguese escudo">Portuguese escudo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammarinese_lira" title="Sammarinese lira">Sammarinese lira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_koruna" title="Slovak koruna">Slovak koruna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_tolar" title="Slovenian tolar">Slovenian tolar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_peseta" title="Spanish peseta">Spanish peseta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_lira" title="Vatican lira">Vatican lira</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em;font-weight:normal;">Former fiscal provisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Financial_Stability_Facility" title="European Financial Stability Facility">European Financial Stability Facility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Financial_Stabilisation_Mechanism" title="European Financial Stabilisation Mechanism">European Financial Stabilisation Mechanism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Money" title="Portal:Money">Money portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" 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