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EconStor: WHO decides on the exception? Securitization and emergency governance in global health
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <title>EconStor: WHO decides on the exception? Securitization and emergency governance in global health</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <meta name="Generator" content="DSpace 6.4" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta name="description" content="EconStor is a publication server for scholarly economic literature, provided as a non-commercial public service by the ZBW." lang="en" /> <meta name="title" content="WHO decides on the exception? 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Our main argument is that where issues are securitized as global threats, exceptionalism can emerge at the level of supranational bodies, endowing them with the decisionist authority to define emergencies and guide political responses. We theorize the ‘emergency trap’, which is triggered when the emergency powers of international organizations reduce the obstacles to, and increase the incentives for, the securitization of further issues. Based on the idea that the emergency trap functions as an institutional driver of securitization, we also highlight the importance of the constitutional containment of emergency competencies as an alternative to discursive desecuritization strategies. We illustrate this security–emergency dynamic in a case study of the recent empowerment of the World Health Organization (WHO) in the governance of global health emergencies. The article shows how WHO’s exceptional response to the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) crisis paved the way for an institutionalization of emergency powers within the organization and contributed to securitizing the 2009 swine influenza outbreak as a global pandemic. However, WHO’s crisis governance has also triggered internal and external processes of constitutional contention." xml:lang="en" /> <meta name="DC.description" content="Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich / This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation)." xml:lang="en" /> <meta name="DC.language" content="eng" xml:lang="en" scheme="DCTERMS.RFC1766" /> <meta name="DC.publisher" content="Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications" xml:lang="en" /> <meta name="DC.subject" content="330" scheme="DCTERMS.DDC" /> <meta name="DC.subject" content="constitutional theory" xml:lang="en" /> <meta name="DC.subject" content="Copenhagen School" xml:lang="en" /> <meta name="DC.subject" content="exception" xml:lang="en" /> <meta name="DC.subject" content="global health" xml:lang="en" /> <meta name="DC.subject" content="international organizations" xml:lang="en" /> <meta name="DC.subject" content="securitization" xml:lang="en" /> <meta name="DC.subject" content="World Health Organization" xml:lang="en" /> <meta name="DC.title" content="WHO decides on the exception? Securitization and emergency governance in global health" xml:lang="en" /> <meta name="DC.type" content="Article" xml:lang="en" /> <meta name="DC.rights" content="http://www.econstor.eu/dspace/Nutzungsbedingungen" /> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="Article; constitutional theory; Copenhagen School; exception; global health; international organizations; securitization; World Health Organization" /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2014" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="WHO decides on the exception? Securitization and emergency governance in global health" /> <meta name="citation_publisher" content="Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications" /> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Security Dialogue" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Hanrieder, Tine" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Kreuder-Sonnen, Christian" /> <meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/190829" /> <meta name="citation_issue" content="4" /> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="331" /> <meta name="citation_issn" content="1460-3640" /> <meta name="citation_doi" content="doi:10.1177/0967010614535833" /> <meta name="citation_language" content="eng" /> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/190829/1/f-18951-Hanrieder-et_al-WHO-v3.pdf" /> <meta name="citation_volume" content="45" /> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="348" /> </head> <body > <a class="sr-only" href="#content">Skip navigation</a> <div id="sideflag"><div id="sideflagaservice">A service of the</div><div id="sideflagzbw"><a href="http://www.zbw.eu" class="linksideflag" target="_blank">zbw</a></div></div> <header class="navbar"> <div class="econstorbrandingheader"> <div class="container econstorbranding"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-5" > <a href="/" class="navbar-econstorbrand" /><img src="/image/logo-econstor-dark.png" id="brandinglogo" width="235" height="62" loading="eager" alt="EconStor - Make Your Publications Visible. 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//--> </script> <div class="well">Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: <code id="citationhandle">https://hdl.handle.net/10419/190829</code> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-sm" id="citationhandlecopy" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="right" title="copy to clipboard" > <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-copy" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="sr-only">copy to clipboard</span></button></div> <div class="metadatacontainer" id="itemmetadatacontainer" > <div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 metadataFieldLabel dc_title">Title: </div><div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-8 metadataFieldValue dc_title" lang="en"><h1 id="itemtitle"><a href="https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/190829/1/f-18951-Hanrieder-et_al-WHO-v3.pdf" target="_blank" >WHO decides on the exception? Securitization and emergency governance in global health <span class="fa-regular fa-file-pdf" aria-hidden="true" style="color:red;"></span></a></h1></div></div> <div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 metadataFieldLabel dc_contributor_author">Authors: </div><div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-8 metadataFieldValue dc_contributor_author" lang="en"><a class="author"href="/browse?type=author&value=Hanrieder%2C+Tine">Hanrieder, Tine</a><br /><a class="author"href="/browse?type=author&value=Kreuder-Sonnen%2C+Christian">Kreuder-Sonnen, Christian</a></div></div> <div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 metadataFieldLabel dc_date_issued">Year of Publication: </div><div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-8 metadataFieldValue dc_date_issued" lang="en">2014</div></div> <div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 metadataFieldLabel dc_identifier_citation">Citation: </div><div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-8 metadataFieldValue dc_identifier_citation" lang="en">[Journal:] Security Dialogue [ISSN:] 1460-3640 [Volume:] 45 [Issue:] 4 [Publisher:] Sage Publications [Place:] Thousand Oaks, CA [Year:] 2014 [Pages:] 331-348</div></div> <div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 metadataFieldLabel dc_publisher">Publisher: </div><div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-8 metadataFieldValue dc_publisher" lang="en">Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA</div></div> <div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 metadataFieldLabel dc_description_abstract">Abstract: </div><div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-8 metadataFieldValue dc_description_abstract" lang="en">This article analyses the emergency governance of international organizations by combining securitization theory with legal theory on the state of exception. Our main argument is that where issues are securitized as global threats, exceptionalism can emerge at the level of supranational bodies, endowing them with the decisionist authority to define emergencies and guide political responses. We theorize the ‘emergency trap’, which is triggered when the emergency powers of international organizations reduce the obstacles to, and increase the incentives for, the securitization of further issues. Based on the idea that the emergency trap functions as an institutional driver of securitization, we also highlight the importance of the constitutional containment of emergency competencies as an alternative to discursive desecuritization strategies. We illustrate this security–emergency dynamic in a case study of the recent empowerment of the World Health Organization (WHO) in the governance of global health emergencies. The article shows how WHO’s exceptional response to the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) crisis paved the way for an institutionalization of emergency powers within the organization and contributed to securitizing the 2009 swine influenza outbreak as a global pandemic. However, WHO’s crisis governance has also triggered internal and external processes of constitutional contention.</div></div> <div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 metadataFieldLabel dc_subject_keyword">Subjects: </div><div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-8 metadataFieldValue dc_subject_keyword" lang="en">constitutional theory<br />Copenhagen School<br />exception<br />global health<br />international organizations<br />securitization<br />World Health Organization</div></div> <div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 metadataFieldLabel dc_identifier_pi">Persistent Identifier of the first edition: </div><div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-8 metadataFieldValue dc_identifier_pi" lang="en"><a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/0967010614535833">doi:10.1177/0967010614535833</a><br /><a href="https://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-epub-59041-5">urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-epub-59041-5</a></div></div> <div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 metadataFieldLabel dc_description_other">Additional Information: </div><div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-8 metadataFieldValue dc_description_other" lang="en">Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich / This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation).</div></div> <div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 metadataFieldLabel dc_type">Document Type: </div><div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-8 metadataFieldValue dc_type" lang="en">Article</div></div> <div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 metadataFieldLabel econstor_documentversion">Document Version: </div><div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-8 metadataFieldValue econstor_documentversion" lang="en">Published Version</div></div> <div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 metadataFieldLabel">Appears in Collections:</div><div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-8 metadataFieldValue"><a href="/escollectionhome/10419/48639">Alle Publikationen von Forscherinnen und Forschern des WZB</a><br/><a href="/escollectionhome/10419/146794">Zeitschriftenaufsätze von WZB-Forschenden / Articles by WZB researchers</a><br/></div></div> </div><br/> <div class="panel panel-info"><div class="panel-heading">Files in This Item:</div> <div class="row"><div class="row"><div id="t1d" class="col-xs-6 col-sm-4 metadataFieldLabel">File</div> <div id="t2d" class="hidden-xs col-sm-3 metadataFieldLabel">Description</div> <div id="t3d" class="col-xs-6 col-sm-2 metadataFieldLabel">Size</div><div id="t4d" class="hidden-xs col-sm-3 metadataFieldLabel">Format</div></div> <div class="row"><div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-4 metadataFieldValue"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/190829/1/f-18951-Hanrieder-et_al-WHO-v3.pdf">f-18951-Hanrieder-et_al-WHO-v3.pdf</a><br/><a class="download btn btn-primary"target="_blank" href="https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/190829/1/f-18951-Hanrieder-et_al-WHO-v3.pdf">download file <span class="fa-solid fa-file-pdf" aria-hidden="true" ></span></a></div><div class="hidden-xs col-sm-3 metadataFieldValue"></div><div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-2 metadataFieldValue">825.79 kB</div><div class="hidden-xs col-sm-3 metadataFieldValue">Adobe PDF</div></div></div> </div> <div class="container row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-3 blcontainer"><a class="statisticsLink btn btn-primary" href="/esstatistics/10419/190829?year=2025&month=2" >Download Statistics</a></div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-3 blcontainer"><a class="bibtexLink btn btn-primary" href="/bibtexexport/10419/190829/Hanrieder2014decides.bib" >BibTeX-Export</a></div> </div><br /> <div class="container row"> <div class="shariff" data-services="["twitter","facebook","whatsapp","telegram","reddit"]" data-title="WHO decides on the exception? 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