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href="/_nuxt/default-thumbnail.fCFQV2Qj.jpg"> <script type="module" src="/_nuxt/DrE9Aad1.js" crossorigin></script></head><body class="topic-template-default single single-topic"><div id="__nuxt"><div><a class="skip-link usa-button usa-button--secondary usa-sr-only" href="#primary"> Skip to main content </a><nav class="usa-sr-only" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Hidden nav for search engines"><ul><li>Missions <ul><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/missions/" tabindex="-1">Search All NASA Missions</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/a-to-z-of-nasa-missions/" tabindex="-1">A to Z List of Missions</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/events/" tabindex="-1">Upcoming Launches and Landings</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/spaceships-and-rockets/" tabindex="-1">Spaceships and Rockets</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/communicating-with-missions/" tabindex="-1">Communicating with Missions</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/artemis/" tabindex="-1">Artemis</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/mission/webb/" tabindex="-1">James Webb Space Telescope</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/mission/hubble/" tabindex="-1">Hubble Space Telescope</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/international-space-station/" tabindex="-1">International Space Station</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/mission/osiris-rex/" tabindex="-1">OSIRIS-REx</a></li></ul></li><li>Humans in Space <ul><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/why-go-to-space/" tabindex="-1">Why Go to Space</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/astronauts/" tabindex="-1">Astronauts</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/commercial-space/" tabindex="-1">Commercial Space</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/destinations/" tabindex="-1">Destinations</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/spaceships-and-rockets/" tabindex="-1">Spaceships and Rockets</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/living-in-space/" tabindex="-1">Living in Space</a></li></ul></li><li>Earth &amp; Climate <ul><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/earth/explore/" tabindex="-1">Explore Earth Science</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/climate-change/" tabindex="-1">Climate Change</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/earth/facts/" tabindex="-1">Earth, Our Planet</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/earth/in-action/" tabindex="-1">Earth Science in Action</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/earth/multimedia/" tabindex="-1">Earth Multimedia</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/earth/data/" tabindex="-1">Earth Data</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/earth-science/" tabindex="-1">Earth Science Researchers</a></li></ul></li><li>About NASA <ul><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-impacts/" tabindex="-1">NASA's Impacts</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-centers-and-facilities/" tabindex="-1">Centers and Facilities</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-directorates/" tabindex="-1">Directorates</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-organization/" tabindex="-1">Organizations</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/people-of-nasa/" tabindex="-1">People of NASA</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/careers/" tabindex="-1">Careers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/learning-resources/nasa-internship-programs/" tabindex="-1">Internships</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/history/" tabindex="-1">Our History</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/doing-business-with-nasa/" tabindex="-1">Doing Business with NASA</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/get-involved/" tabindex="-1">Get Involved</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/contact-nasa/" tabindex="-1">Contact</a></li></ul></li><li>Learning Resources <ul><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/learning-resources/for-kids-and-students/" tabindex="-1">For Kids and Students</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/learning-resources/for-educators/" tabindex="-1">For Educators</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/learning-resources/colleges-and-universities/" tabindex="-1">For Colleges and Universities</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/learning-resources/for-professionals/" tabindex="-1">For Professionals</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/for-everyone/" tabindex="-1">Science for Everyone</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/learning-resources/requests-for-exhibits-artifacts-or-speakers/" tabindex="-1">Request an Exhibit or Speaker</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/learning-resources/stem-engagement-at-nasa/" tabindex="-1">STEM Engagement at NASA</a></li></ul></li><li>Aeronautics <ul><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics/science-in-the-air/" tabindex="-1">Science in the Air</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics/aircraft/" tabindex="-1">NASA Aircraft</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics/flight-innovation/" tabindex="-1">Flight Innovation</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics/supersonic-flight/" tabindex="-1">Supersonic Flight</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics/air-traffic-solutions/" tabindex="-1">Air Traffic Solutions</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics/green-aero-tech/" tabindex="-1">Green Aviation Tech</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics/drones-and-you/" tabindex="-1">Drones & You</a></li></ul></li><li>Technology <ul><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/technology-transfer-spinoffs/" tabindex="-1">Technology Transfer & Spinoffs</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/space-travel-technology/" tabindex="-1">Space Travel Technology</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/space-living-technology/" tabindex="-1">Technology Living in Space</a></li><li><a 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class="NavSecondaryMobileDropdown width-full"><button aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="dropdown_5-link_id_0" class="nav-secondary-dark display-flex flex-row flex-align-center width-full"><div class="text-white text-left width-full text-bold">More</div><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle cx="8" cy="8" r="7.5" fill="#0B3D91" stroke="white"></circle><rect x="4" y="7.6001" width="8" height="0.8" fill="white"></rect><rect x="7.59998" y="12" width="8" height="0.8" transform="rotate(-90 7.59998 12)" fill="white"></rect></svg></button></div></div><div><a href="https://eyes.nasa.gov/apps/earth/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self" class="link-external-false nav-link text-bold text-white"><span class="text-carbon-90">Eyes on the Earth</span></a></div></div></div></div></nav></div></div></div></div></div><div class="GutenbergBlocks hds-module"><div class="BlockLayout margin-full-bleed"><div class="BlockWrapper hds-module nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-0 wp-block-nasa-blocks-page-intro NasaBlocksPageIntroBlock"><div class="padding-0 bg-spacesuit-white wp-block-nasa-blocks-page-intro"><div class="hds-page-intro hds-page-intro-banner width-full maxw-full padding-0 hds-cover-wrapper minh-tablet"><div class="hds-foreground-wrapper display-flex"><div class="grid-row grid-container grid-container-block margin-top-auto margin-bottom-auto width-full maxw-desktop-lg padding-top-9 padding-x-3 z-400"><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop:padding-right-4 margin-bottom-3 desktop:margin-bottom-0"><div class="margin-bottom-2"><h1 class="page-heading-md line-height-sm color-spacesuit-white-important margin-0">Climate Change</h1></div><p class="p-lg color-carbon-30-important">From the unique vantage point in space, NASA collects critical long-term observations of our changing planet.</p></div><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop:padding-right-4 margin-bottom-3 desktop:margin-bottom-0"></div></div></div><div class="skrim-overlay skrim-left mobile-skrim-top z-200"></div><figure class="hds-media-background"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/304765158-615003676989374-3689670236967468275-n.jpg?w=320&format=webp 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/304765158-615003676989374-3689670236967468275-n.jpg?w=640&format=webp 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/304765158-615003676989374-3689670236967468275-n.jpg?w=768&format=webp 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/304765158-615003676989374-3689670236967468275-n.jpg?w=1024&format=webp 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/304765158-615003676989374-3689670236967468275-n.jpg?w=1280&format=webp 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/304765158-615003676989374-3689670236967468275-n.jpg?w=1536&format=webp 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/304765158-615003676989374-3689670236967468275-n.jpg?w=2048&format=webp 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/304765158-615003676989374-3689670236967468275-n.jpg?w=2560&format=webp 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/304765158-615003676989374-3689670236967468275-n.jpg?w=3072&format=webp 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/304765158-615003676989374-3689670236967468275-n.jpg?w=4096&format=webp 4096w"><img width="2046" height="1000" alt="View of Earth's horizon from Space." loading="eager" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1);transform-origin:36% 47%;object-position:36% 47%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/304765158-615003676989374-3689670236967468275-n.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/304765158-615003676989374-3689670236967468275-n.jpg?w=320&format=jpeg 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/304765158-615003676989374-3689670236967468275-n.jpg?w=640&format=jpeg 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/304765158-615003676989374-3689670236967468275-n.jpg?w=768&format=jpeg 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/304765158-615003676989374-3689670236967468275-n.jpg?w=1024&format=jpeg 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/304765158-615003676989374-3689670236967468275-n.jpg?w=1280&format=jpeg 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/304765158-615003676989374-3689670236967468275-n.jpg?w=1536&format=jpeg 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/304765158-615003676989374-3689670236967468275-n.jpg?w=2048&format=jpeg 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/304765158-615003676989374-3689670236967468275-n.jpg?w=2560&format=jpeg 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/304765158-615003676989374-3689670236967468275-n.jpg?w=3072&format=jpeg 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/304765158-615003676989374-3689670236967468275-n.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg 4096w"></picture></figure></div></div></div></div></div><div class="GutenbergBlocksCustomFields hds-module"><div class="GutenbergBlocks hds-module"><div class="BlockLayout margin-full-bleed"><div class="BlockWrapper hds-module margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-undefined SmdBlockIframeEmbedBlock hds-media"><figure><div style="height: 205px; width: 100 %;"><iframe src="https://climate.nasa.gov/module/5/" title="" class="smd-iframe-iframe margin-left-auto margin-right-auto border-0" allow="fullscreen">Unable to render the provided source</iframe></div><div class="padding-y-1"></div></figure></div></div></div><div class="GutenbergBlocks hds-module"><div class="BlockLayout margin-full-bleed"><div class="BlockWrapper hds-module width-full maxw-full bg-carbon-05 padding-bottom-9 padding-top-9 wp-block-nasa-blocks-featured-link NasaBlocksFeaturedLinkBlock"><div class="grid-container grid-container-block padding-x-0 padding-top-9 desktop:padding-top-0"><div class="grid-row flex-align-center"><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 padding-x-3 desktop:padding-right-5 margin-bottom-5"><h2 class="page-heading-md margin-0">The Ocean and Climate Change</h2><p class="p-md">Our ocean is changing. With 70 percent of the planet covered in water, the seas are important drivers of the global climate. Yet increasing greenhouse gases from human activities are altering the ocean before our eyes. NASA and its partners are on a mission to find out more.</p><a href="/earth/explore/the-ocean-and-climate-change/" class="link-external-false BaseButton button-primary link-external-0 display-inline-block button-primary-md" aria-label="Learn more about The Ocean and Climate Change"><span class="display-flex flex-row flex-align-center width-auto"><span class="line-height-alt-1 width-auto" style="white-space:pre-wrap;min-width:1px;"><span class="line-height-alt-1">Learn More</span></span><svg viewBox="0 0 34 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="button-primary-circle" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg></span></a></div><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop:padding-left-5"><div class="width-full"><div class="hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto NasaBlocksFeaturedLinkBlockImage"><figure class="hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fill"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot-2024-08-30-at-2-06-55 pm.png?w=320&format=webp 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot-2024-08-30-at-2-06-55 pm.png?w=640&format=webp 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot-2024-08-30-at-2-06-55 pm.png?w=768&format=webp 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot-2024-08-30-at-2-06-55 pm.png?w=1024&format=webp 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot-2024-08-30-at-2-06-55 pm.png?w=1280&format=webp 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot-2024-08-30-at-2-06-55 pm.png?w=1536&format=webp 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot-2024-08-30-at-2-06-55 pm.png?w=2048&format=webp 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot-2024-08-30-at-2-06-55 pm.png?w=2560&format=webp 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot-2024-08-30-at-2-06-55 pm.png?w=3072&format=webp 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot-2024-08-30-at-2-06-55 pm.png?w=4096&format=webp 4096w"><img width="1024" height="514" alt loading="eager" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot-2024-08-30-at-2-06-55 pm.png?w=4096&format=png" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot-2024-08-30-at-2-06-55 pm.png?w=320&format=png 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot-2024-08-30-at-2-06-55 pm.png?w=640&format=png 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot-2024-08-30-at-2-06-55 pm.png?w=768&format=png 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot-2024-08-30-at-2-06-55 pm.png?w=1024&format=png 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot-2024-08-30-at-2-06-55 pm.png?w=1280&format=png 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot-2024-08-30-at-2-06-55 pm.png?w=1536&format=png 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot-2024-08-30-at-2-06-55 pm.png?w=2048&format=png 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot-2024-08-30-at-2-06-55 pm.png?w=2560&format=png 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot-2024-08-30-at-2-06-55 pm.png?w=3072&format=png 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot-2024-08-30-at-2-06-55 pm.png?w=4096&format=png 4096w"></picture></figure></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="BlockLayout margin-full-bleed"><div class="BlockWrapper hds-module nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 bg-spacesuit-white color-mode-dark wp-block-nasa-blocks-news-automated"><div class="grid-container grid-container-block"><div class="grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3"><div class="desktop:grid-col margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0"><h2 class="section-heading-md margin-0">Latest News</h2></div><div class="desktop:grid-col display-flex flex-align-center desktop:flex-justify-end"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/news/all-news/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self" class="link-external-false BaseButton button-primary link-external-0 display-inline-block button-primary-md"><span class="display-flex flex-row flex-align-center width-auto"><span class="line-height-alt-1 width-auto" style="white-space:pre-wrap;min-width:1px;"><span>More NASA News</span></span><svg viewBox="0 0 34 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="button-primary-circle" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg></span></a></div></div><div class="grid-row latest-news-items"><div class="grid-col mobile:grid-col tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-7 latest-news-item-0 margin-bottom-2 -tablet:margin-bottom-0 desktop:margin-bottom-0 padding-right-0 tablet:padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-2"><a href="/earth/climate-change/nasa-data-reveals-role-of-green-spaces-in-cooling-cities/" class="link-external-false maxw-full width-full latest-news-item news-item news-item"><div class="hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black"><div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-column flex-align-start flex-justify-start z-200"><div class="display-flex flex-align-center label color-spacesuit-white margin-bottom-auto"><svg version="1.1" class="square-2 margin-right-1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="16px" height="16px" viewBox="0 0 16 16" style="enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;" xml:space="preserve"><g><g><path d="M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z"></path><path d="M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z"></path></g></g></svg><span>Article</span></div><div class="display-block maxw-tablet"><div class="label margin-bottom-1">5 min read</div><p class="heading-22 color-spacesuit-white margin-0"><span>NASA Data Reveals Role of Green Spaces in Cooling Cities</span></p></div></div><figure class="hds-media-background z-100"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sanaa-oli-20240608-1440.jpg?w=320&format=webp 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sanaa-oli-20240608-1440.jpg?w=640&format=webp 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sanaa-oli-20240608-1440.jpg?w=768&format=webp 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sanaa-oli-20240608-1440.jpg?w=1024&format=webp 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sanaa-oli-20240608-1440.jpg?w=1280&format=webp 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sanaa-oli-20240608-1440.jpg?w=1536&format=webp 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sanaa-oli-20240608-1440.jpg?w=2048&format=webp 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sanaa-oli-20240608-1440.jpg?w=2560&format=webp 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sanaa-oli-20240608-1440.jpg?w=3072&format=webp 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sanaa-oli-20240608-1440.jpg?w=4096&format=webp 4096w"><img width="1024" height="682" alt="As seen from space: Sanaa, Yemen, and surrounding regions, including an airport to the north and mountains on either side. The image is mostly brown and gray, with very little green space in or around Sanaa." loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sanaa-oli-20240608-1440.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sanaa-oli-20240608-1440.jpg?w=320&format=jpeg 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sanaa-oli-20240608-1440.jpg?w=640&format=jpeg 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sanaa-oli-20240608-1440.jpg?w=768&format=jpeg 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sanaa-oli-20240608-1440.jpg?w=1024&format=jpeg 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sanaa-oli-20240608-1440.jpg?w=1280&format=jpeg 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sanaa-oli-20240608-1440.jpg?w=1536&format=jpeg 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sanaa-oli-20240608-1440.jpg?w=2048&format=jpeg 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sanaa-oli-20240608-1440.jpg?w=2560&format=jpeg 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sanaa-oli-20240608-1440.jpg?w=3072&format=jpeg 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sanaa-oli-20240608-1440.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg 4096w"></picture></figure></div></a></div><div class="tablet:grid-col desktop:grid-col-5 grid-row latest-news-items"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/earth/oceans/nasa-data-helps-international-community-prepare-for-sea-level-rise/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self" class="link-external-false maxw-full width-full latest-news-item news-item tablet:grid-col latest-news-item latest-news-item-1 news-item margin-bottom-2 tablet:margin-bottom-0 desktop:margin-bottom-0 padding-right-0"><div class="hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black"><div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-column flex-align-start flex-justify-start z-200"><div class="display-flex flex-align-center label color-spacesuit-white margin-bottom-auto"><svg version="1.1" class="square-2 margin-right-1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="16px" height="16px" viewBox="0 0 16 16" style="enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;" xml:space="preserve"><g><g><path d="M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z"></path><path d="M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z"></path></g></g></svg><span>Article</span></div><div class="display-block maxw-tablet"><div class="label margin-bottom-1">4 min read</div><p class="heading-22 color-spacesuit-white margin-0"><span>NASA Data Helps International Community Prepare for Sea Level Rise</span></p></div></div><figure class="hds-media-background z-100"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1-point-reyes-noaa.jpg?w=320&format=webp 320w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1-point-reyes-noaa.jpg?w=640&format=webp 640w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1-point-reyes-noaa.jpg?w=768&format=webp 768w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1-point-reyes-noaa.jpg?w=1024&format=webp 1024w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1-point-reyes-noaa.jpg?w=1280&format=webp 1280w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1-point-reyes-noaa.jpg?w=1536&format=webp 1536w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1-point-reyes-noaa.jpg?w=2048&format=webp 2048w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1-point-reyes-noaa.jpg?w=2560&format=webp 2560w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1-point-reyes-noaa.jpg?w=3072&format=webp 3072w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1-point-reyes-noaa.jpg?w=4096&format=webp 4096w"><img alt loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1-point-reyes-noaa.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1-point-reyes-noaa.jpg?w=320&format=jpeg 320w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1-point-reyes-noaa.jpg?w=640&format=jpeg 640w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1-point-reyes-noaa.jpg?w=768&format=jpeg 768w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1-point-reyes-noaa.jpg?w=1024&format=jpeg 1024w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1-point-reyes-noaa.jpg?w=1280&format=jpeg 1280w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1-point-reyes-noaa.jpg?w=1536&format=jpeg 1536w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1-point-reyes-noaa.jpg?w=2048&format=jpeg 2048w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1-point-reyes-noaa.jpg?w=2560&format=jpeg 2560w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1-point-reyes-noaa.jpg?w=3072&format=jpeg 3072w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1-point-reyes-noaa.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg 4096w"></picture></figure></div></a></div></div><div class="grid-row padding-top-2 desktop:padding-top-5"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/podcasts/curious-universe/how-open-science-and-ai-are-advancing-hurricane-research/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self" class="link-external-false maxw-full width-full mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col padding-bottom-4 desktop:padding-bottom-0 padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-2"><div class="display-flex"><div class="padding-right-3"><div class="hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black circle-10 minw-10 maxh-10 minh-10"><figure class="hds-media-background z-100"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/cu06-illustration-16x9-v01.png?w=320&format=webp 320w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/cu06-illustration-16x9-v01.png?w=640&format=webp 640w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/cu06-illustration-16x9-v01.png?w=768&format=webp 768w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/cu06-illustration-16x9-v01.png?w=1024&format=webp 1024w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/cu06-illustration-16x9-v01.png?w=1280&format=webp 1280w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/cu06-illustration-16x9-v01.png?w=1536&format=webp 1536w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/cu06-illustration-16x9-v01.png?w=2048&format=webp 2048w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/cu06-illustration-16x9-v01.png?w=2560&format=webp 2560w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/cu06-illustration-16x9-v01.png?w=3072&format=webp 3072w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/cu06-illustration-16x9-v01.png?w=4096&format=webp 4096w"><img alt loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/cu06-illustration-16x9-v01.png?w=4096&format=png" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/cu06-illustration-16x9-v01.png?w=320&format=png 320w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/cu06-illustration-16x9-v01.png?w=640&format=png 640w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/cu06-illustration-16x9-v01.png?w=768&format=png 768w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/cu06-illustration-16x9-v01.png?w=1024&format=png 1024w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/cu06-illustration-16x9-v01.png?w=1280&format=png 1280w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/cu06-illustration-16x9-v01.png?w=1536&format=png 1536w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/cu06-illustration-16x9-v01.png?w=2048&format=png 2048w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/cu06-illustration-16x9-v01.png?w=2560&format=png 2560w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/cu06-illustration-16x9-v01.png?w=3072&format=png 3072w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/cu06-illustration-16x9-v01.png?w=4096&format=png 4096w"></picture></figure></div></div><div><div class="label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-black">29 min read</div><p class="heading-14 color-carbon-black line-height-md margin-top-1 margin-bottom-1">How Open Science and AI Are Advancing Hurricane Research</p><div class="display-flex flex-align-center label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-auto"></div></div></div></a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/earth/climate-change/ozone-layer/nasa-noaa-rank-2024-ozone-hole-as-7th-smallest-since-recovery-began/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self" class="link-external-false maxw-full width-full mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col padding-bottom-4 desktop:padding-bottom-0 padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-2"><div class="display-flex"><div class="padding-right-3"><div class="hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black circle-10 minw-10 maxh-10 minh-10"><figure class="hds-media-background z-100"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/ozone-geos5-20240928-hires.jpg?w=320&format=webp 320w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/ozone-geos5-20240928-hires.jpg?w=640&format=webp 640w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/ozone-geos5-20240928-hires.jpg?w=768&format=webp 768w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/ozone-geos5-20240928-hires.jpg?w=1024&format=webp 1024w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/ozone-geos5-20240928-hires.jpg?w=1280&format=webp 1280w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/ozone-geos5-20240928-hires.jpg?w=1536&format=webp 1536w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/ozone-geos5-20240928-hires.jpg?w=2048&format=webp 2048w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/ozone-geos5-20240928-hires.jpg?w=2560&format=webp 2560w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/ozone-geos5-20240928-hires.jpg?w=3072&format=webp 3072w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/ozone-geos5-20240928-hires.jpg?w=4096&format=webp 4096w"><img alt loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/ozone-geos5-20240928-hires.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/ozone-geos5-20240928-hires.jpg?w=320&format=jpeg 320w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/ozone-geos5-20240928-hires.jpg?w=640&format=jpeg 640w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/ozone-geos5-20240928-hires.jpg?w=768&format=jpeg 768w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/ozone-geos5-20240928-hires.jpg?w=1024&format=jpeg 1024w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/ozone-geos5-20240928-hires.jpg?w=1280&format=jpeg 1280w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/ozone-geos5-20240928-hires.jpg?w=1536&format=jpeg 1536w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/ozone-geos5-20240928-hires.jpg?w=2048&format=jpeg 2048w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/ozone-geos5-20240928-hires.jpg?w=2560&format=jpeg 2560w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/ozone-geos5-20240928-hires.jpg?w=3072&format=jpeg 3072w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/ozone-geos5-20240928-hires.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg 4096w"></picture></figure></div></div><div><div class="label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-black">5 min read</div><p class="heading-14 color-carbon-black line-height-md margin-top-1 margin-bottom-1">NASA, NOAA Rank 2024 Ozone Hole as 7th-Smallest Since Recovery Began</p><div class="display-flex flex-align-center label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-auto"><svg version="1.1" class="square-2 margin-right-1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="16px" height="16px" viewBox="0 0 16 16" style="enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;" xml:space="preserve"><g><g><path d="M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z"></path><path d="M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z"></path></g></g></svg><span>Article</span><span class="margin-left-2">4 weeks ago</span></div></div></div></a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/earth/nasa-helps-find-thawing-permafrost-adds-to-near-term-global-warming/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self" class="link-external-false maxw-full width-full mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col padding-bottom-4 desktop:padding-bottom-0 padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-2"><div class="display-flex"><div class="padding-right-3"><div class="hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black circle-10 minw-10 maxh-10 minh-10"><figure class="hds-media-background z-100"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1-permafrost-tunnel.jpg?w=320&format=webp 320w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1-permafrost-tunnel.jpg?w=640&format=webp 640w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1-permafrost-tunnel.jpg?w=768&format=webp 768w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1-permafrost-tunnel.jpg?w=1024&format=webp 1024w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1-permafrost-tunnel.jpg?w=1280&format=webp 1280w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1-permafrost-tunnel.jpg?w=1536&format=webp 1536w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1-permafrost-tunnel.jpg?w=2048&format=webp 2048w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1-permafrost-tunnel.jpg?w=2560&format=webp 2560w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1-permafrost-tunnel.jpg?w=3072&format=webp 3072w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1-permafrost-tunnel.jpg?w=4096&format=webp 4096w"><img alt loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1-permafrost-tunnel.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1-permafrost-tunnel.jpg?w=320&format=jpeg 320w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1-permafrost-tunnel.jpg?w=640&format=jpeg 640w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1-permafrost-tunnel.jpg?w=768&format=jpeg 768w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1-permafrost-tunnel.jpg?w=1024&format=jpeg 1024w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1-permafrost-tunnel.jpg?w=1280&format=jpeg 1280w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1-permafrost-tunnel.jpg?w=1536&format=jpeg 1536w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1-permafrost-tunnel.jpg?w=2048&format=jpeg 2048w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1-permafrost-tunnel.jpg?w=2560&format=jpeg 2560w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1-permafrost-tunnel.jpg?w=3072&format=jpeg 3072w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1-permafrost-tunnel.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg 4096w"></picture></figure></div></div><div><div class="label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-black">4 min read</div><p class="heading-14 color-carbon-black line-height-md margin-top-1 margin-bottom-1">NASA Helps Find Thawing Permafrost Adds to Near-Term Global Warming</p><div class="display-flex flex-align-center label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-auto"><svg version="1.1" class="square-2 margin-right-1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="16px" height="16px" viewBox="0 0 16 16" style="enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;" xml:space="preserve"><g><g><path d="M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z"></path><path d="M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z"></path></g></g></svg><span>Article</span><span class="margin-left-2">4 weeks ago</span></div></div></div></a></div></div></div></div><div class="BlockLayout margin-full-bleed"><div class="BlockWrapper hds-module hds-tabbed-section color-mode-light padding-y-6 padding-x-3 wp-block-nasa-blocks-tabbed-section NasaBlocksTabbedSectionBlock"><div class="grid-container grid-container-block"><ul class="hds-tab-nav usa-list usa-list--unstyled grid-row" role="tablist"><li role="presentation" class="usa-active hds-tab-nav-item" data-tab-id="0"><button id="tab-0-evidence" role="tab" type="button" aria-selected="true" aria-controls="panel-0-evidence"><span>Evidence</span></button></li><li role="presentation" class="hds-tab-nav-item" data-tab-id="1"><button id="tab-1-causes" role="tab" type="button" aria-selected="false" aria-controls="panel-1-causes"><span>Causes</span></button></li><li role="presentation" class="hds-tab-nav-item" data-tab-id="2"><button id="tab-2-effects" role="tab" type="button" aria-selected="false" aria-controls="panel-2-effects"><span>Effects</span></button></li></ul><div class="hds-tabbed-section-tabs margin-top-6"><div id="panel-0-evidence" class="usa-active hds-tabbed-section-tab desktop:display-flex" data-tab-id="0" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab-0-evidence"><div class="grid-col desktop:padding-right-5 padding-bottom-4 desktop:padding-bottom-0"><div class="margin-bottom-2"><h2 class="heading-29 margin-0">How Do We Know Climate Change is Real?</h2></div><p class="heading-16">There is unequivocal evidence that Earth is warming at an unprecedented rate. Human activity is the principal cause.</p><p class="p-md">Earth-orbiting satellites and new technologies have helped scientists see the big picture, collecting many different types of information about our planet and its climate all over the world. These data, collected over many years, reveal the signs and patterns of a changing climate.</p><a href="/climate-change/evidence/" class="link-external-false BaseButton button-primary link-external-0 display-inline-block button-primary-md"><span class="display-flex flex-row flex-align-center width-auto"><span class="line-height-alt-1 width-auto" style="white-space:pre-wrap;min-width:1px;"><span class="line-height-alt-1">Read More</span></span><svg viewBox="0 0 34 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="button-primary-circle" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg></span></a></div><div class="grid-col desktop:padding-left-5"><div class="display-block"><div class="hds-tabbed-section-image margin-bottom-2 minh-mobile"><div class="hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto"><figure class="hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-evidence-image.jpg?w=320&format=webp&crop=1 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-evidence-image.jpg?w=640&format=webp&crop=1 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-evidence-image.jpg?w=768&format=webp&crop=1 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-evidence-image.jpg?w=1024&format=webp&crop=1 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-evidence-image.jpg?w=1280&format=webp&crop=1 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-evidence-image.jpg?w=1536&format=webp&crop=1 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-evidence-image.jpg?w=2048&format=webp&crop=1 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-evidence-image.jpg?w=2560&format=webp&crop=1 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-evidence-image.jpg?w=3072&format=webp&crop=1 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-evidence-image.jpg?w=4096&format=webp&crop=1 4096w"><img width="150" height="150" alt="This is a test image" loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1.2);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-evidence-image.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg&crop=1" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-evidence-image.jpg?w=320&format=jpeg&crop=1 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-evidence-image.jpg?w=640&format=jpeg&crop=1 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-evidence-image.jpg?w=768&format=jpeg&crop=1 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-evidence-image.jpg?w=1024&format=jpeg&crop=1 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-evidence-image.jpg?w=1280&format=jpeg&crop=1 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-evidence-image.jpg?w=1536&format=jpeg&crop=1 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-evidence-image.jpg?w=2048&format=jpeg&crop=1 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-evidence-image.jpg?w=2560&format=jpeg&crop=1 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-evidence-image.jpg?w=3072&format=jpeg&crop=1 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-evidence-image.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg&crop=1 4096w"></picture></figure></div></div></div></div></div><div id="panel-1-causes" class="hds-tabbed-section-tab desktop:display-flex" data-tab-id="0" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab-1-causes"><div class="grid-col desktop:padding-right-5 padding-bottom-4 desktop:padding-bottom-0"><div class="margin-bottom-2"><h2 class="heading-29 margin-0">What is causing climate change?</h2></div><p class="heading-16">Human activities are driving the global warming trend observed since the mid-20th century.</p><p class="p-md">Scientists attribute the global warming trend observed since the mid-20<sup>th</sup> century to the human expansion of the "greenhouse effect" — warming that results when the atmosphere traps heat radiating from Earth toward space.<br>Over the last century, burning of fossil fuels like coal and oil has increased the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>). This increase happens because the coal or oil burning process combines carbon with oxygen in the air to make CO<sub>2</sub>. </p><a href="/climate-change/causes/" class="link-external-false BaseButton button-primary link-external-0 display-inline-block button-primary-md"><span class="display-flex flex-row flex-align-center width-auto"><span class="line-height-alt-1 width-auto" style="white-space:pre-wrap;min-width:1px;"><span class="line-height-alt-1">Read More</span></span><svg viewBox="0 0 34 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="button-primary-circle" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg></span></a></div><div class="grid-col desktop:padding-left-5"><div class="display-block"><div class="hds-tabbed-section-image margin-bottom-2 minh-mobile"><div class="hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto"><figure class="hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2716/power-station-374097-1920.jpeg?w=320&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 320w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2716/power-station-374097-1920.jpeg?w=640&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 640w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2716/power-station-374097-1920.jpeg?w=768&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2716/power-station-374097-1920.jpeg?w=1024&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2716/power-station-374097-1920.jpeg?w=1280&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1280w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2716/power-station-374097-1920.jpeg?w=1536&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2716/power-station-374097-1920.jpeg?w=2048&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2048w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2716/power-station-374097-1920.jpeg?w=2560&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2560w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2716/power-station-374097-1920.jpeg?w=3072&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 3072w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2716/power-station-374097-1920.jpeg?w=4096&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 4096w"><img width="1920" height="1280" alt loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1.2);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2716/power-station-374097-1920.jpeg?w=4096&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2716/power-station-374097-1920.jpeg?w=320&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 320w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2716/power-station-374097-1920.jpeg?w=640&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 640w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2716/power-station-374097-1920.jpeg?w=768&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2716/power-station-374097-1920.jpeg?w=1024&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2716/power-station-374097-1920.jpeg?w=1280&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1280w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2716/power-station-374097-1920.jpeg?w=1536&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2716/power-station-374097-1920.jpeg?w=2048&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2048w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2716/power-station-374097-1920.jpeg?w=2560&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2560w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2716/power-station-374097-1920.jpeg?w=3072&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 3072w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2716/power-station-374097-1920.jpeg?w=4096&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 4096w"></picture></figure></div></div></div></div></div><div id="panel-2-effects" class="hds-tabbed-section-tab desktop:display-flex" data-tab-id="0" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab-2-effects"><div class="grid-col desktop:padding-right-5 padding-bottom-4 desktop:padding-bottom-0"><div class="margin-bottom-2"><h2 class="heading-29 margin-0">What are the effects of climate change?</h2></div><p class="heading-16">The effects of human-caused global warming are happening now, are irreversible for people alive today, and will worsen as long as humans add greenhouse gases to the atmosphere.</p><p class="p-md">We already see effects scientists predicted, such as the loss of sea ice, melting glaciers and ice sheets, sea level rise, and more intense heat waves.<br>Scientists predict global temperature increases from human-made greenhouse gases will continue. Severe weather damage will also increase and intensify.</p><a href="/climate-change/effects/" class="link-external-false BaseButton button-primary link-external-0 display-inline-block button-primary-md"><span class="display-flex flex-row flex-align-center width-auto"><span class="line-height-alt-1 width-auto" style="white-space:pre-wrap;min-width:1px;"><span class="line-height-alt-1">Read More</span></span><svg viewBox="0 0 34 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="button-primary-circle" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg></span></a></div><div class="grid-col desktop:padding-left-5"><div class="display-block"><div class="hds-tabbed-section-image margin-bottom-2 minh-mobile"><div class="hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto"><figure class="hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2719/effectsbannernew-opt.jpeg?w=320&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 320w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2719/effectsbannernew-opt.jpeg?w=640&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 640w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2719/effectsbannernew-opt.jpeg?w=768&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2719/effectsbannernew-opt.jpeg?w=1024&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2719/effectsbannernew-opt.jpeg?w=1280&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1280w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2719/effectsbannernew-opt.jpeg?w=1536&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2719/effectsbannernew-opt.jpeg?w=2048&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2048w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2719/effectsbannernew-opt.jpeg?w=2560&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2560w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2719/effectsbannernew-opt.jpeg?w=3072&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 3072w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2719/effectsbannernew-opt.jpeg?w=4096&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 4096w"><img width="1100" height="732" alt loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1.2);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2719/effectsbannernew-opt.jpeg?w=4096&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2719/effectsbannernew-opt.jpeg?w=320&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 320w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2719/effectsbannernew-opt.jpeg?w=640&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 640w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2719/effectsbannernew-opt.jpeg?w=768&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2719/effectsbannernew-opt.jpeg?w=1024&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2719/effectsbannernew-opt.jpeg?w=1280&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1280w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2719/effectsbannernew-opt.jpeg?w=1536&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2719/effectsbannernew-opt.jpeg?w=2048&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2048w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2719/effectsbannernew-opt.jpeg?w=2560&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2560w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2719/effectsbannernew-opt.jpeg?w=3072&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 3072w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2719/effectsbannernew-opt.jpeg?w=4096&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 4096w"></picture></figure></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="BlockLayout margin-full-bleed"><div class="BlockWrapper hds-module width-full maxw-full bg-carbon-05 hds-cover-wrapper minh-tablet-lg wp-block-nasa-blocks-callout NasaBlocksCalloutBlock"><div class="hds-foreground-wrapper padding-bottom-9 padding-top-9 display-flex"><div class="grid-row grid-container grid-container-block margin-top-auto width-full maxw-desktop-lg padding-top-9 padding-x-3 z-400"><div class="grid-row grid-container grid-container-block margin-top-auto width-full maxw-desktop-lg padding-y-9 padding-x-3 z-400"><div class="grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 z-400"><div class="margin-0"><h2 class="page-heading-md font-weight-extrabold line-height-heading-1 color-spacesuit-white-important margin-0">Images of Change</h2><p class="p-lg margin-top-2 padding-0 margin-bottom-4 color-spacesuit-white-important">Before-and-after images of Earth.</p><a href="https://climate.nasa.gov/images-of-change/?intent=131" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self" class="link-external-false BaseButton button-primary link-external-0 display-inline-block button-primary-md color-spacesuit-white-important"><span class="display-flex flex-row flex-align-center width-auto"><span class="line-height-alt-1 width-auto" style="white-space:pre-wrap;min-width:1px;">Learn More</span><svg viewBox="0 0 34 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="button-primary-circle" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg></span></a></div></div><div class="grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 z-400"></div></div></div></div><div class="skrim-overlay skrim-left mobile-skrim-top z-200"></div><figure class="hds-media-background"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/test-images-of-change-callout.jpg?w=320&format=webp 320w, 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4096w"><img width="2048" height="1024" alt="test" loading="eager" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1.2);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/test-images-of-change-callout.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/test-images-of-change-callout.jpg?w=320&format=jpeg 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/test-images-of-change-callout.jpg?w=640&format=jpeg 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/test-images-of-change-callout.jpg?w=768&format=jpeg 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/test-images-of-change-callout.jpg?w=1024&format=jpeg 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/test-images-of-change-callout.jpg?w=1280&format=jpeg 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/test-images-of-change-callout.jpg?w=1536&format=jpeg 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/test-images-of-change-callout.jpg?w=2048&format=jpeg 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/test-images-of-change-callout.jpg?w=2560&format=jpeg 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/test-images-of-change-callout.jpg?w=3072&format=jpeg 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/test-images-of-change-callout.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg 4096w"></picture></figure></div></div><div class="BlockLayout margin-y-3"><div class="BlockWrapper hds-module bg-spacesuit-white padding-x-2 tablet:padding-x-3 desktop:padding-x-4 wp-block-nasa-blocks-featured-link-list NasaBlocksFeaturedLinkListBlock"><div class="grid-container grid-container-block padding-0"><div class="margin-bottom-4"><h2 class="heading-22 margin-0">Climate Change Resources</h2></div><ul class="margin-0 padding-0"><li class="grid-row padding-y-2 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-30-important"><div class="grid-row featured-link-list-row width-full"><div class="grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 tablet:padding-right-3 desktop:padding-right-5"><div class="width-full"><div class="hds-cover-wrapper width-full ratio-1x1 radius-pill overflow-hidden"><figure class="hds-media-background"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/625-climatetimemachine-320x240-1.jpg?w=320&format=webp&crop=1 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/625-climatetimemachine-320x240-1.jpg?w=640&format=webp&crop=1 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/625-climatetimemachine-320x240-1.jpg?w=768&format=webp&crop=1 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/625-climatetimemachine-320x240-1.jpg?w=1024&format=webp&crop=1 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/625-climatetimemachine-320x240-1.jpg?w=1280&format=webp&crop=1 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/625-climatetimemachine-320x240-1.jpg?w=1536&format=webp&crop=1 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/625-climatetimemachine-320x240-1.jpg?w=2048&format=webp&crop=1 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/625-climatetimemachine-320x240-1.jpg?w=2560&format=webp&crop=1 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/625-climatetimemachine-320x240-1.jpg?w=3072&format=webp&crop=1 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/625-climatetimemachine-320x240-1.jpg?w=4096&format=webp&crop=1 4096w"><img width="150" height="150" alt loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1.2);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/625-climatetimemachine-320x240-1.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg&crop=1" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/625-climatetimemachine-320x240-1.jpg?w=320&format=jpeg&crop=1 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/625-climatetimemachine-320x240-1.jpg?w=640&format=jpeg&crop=1 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/625-climatetimemachine-320x240-1.jpg?w=768&format=jpeg&crop=1 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/625-climatetimemachine-320x240-1.jpg?w=1024&format=jpeg&crop=1 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/625-climatetimemachine-320x240-1.jpg?w=1280&format=jpeg&crop=1 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/625-climatetimemachine-320x240-1.jpg?w=1536&format=jpeg&crop=1 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/625-climatetimemachine-320x240-1.jpg?w=2048&format=jpeg&crop=1 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/625-climatetimemachine-320x240-1.jpg?w=2560&format=jpeg&crop=1 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/625-climatetimemachine-320x240-1.jpg?w=3072&format=jpeg&crop=1 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/625-climatetimemachine-320x240-1.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg&crop=1 4096w"></picture></figure></div></div></div><div class="grid-col-8 desktop:grid-col-10 padding-left-3 desktop:padding-left-0"><div class="grid-row flex-align-center"><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6"><h3 class="heading-36 margin-0"><span>Climate Time Machine</span></h3></div><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6"><p class="p-md margin-0 color-carbon-black">Climate change in recent history</p></div></div></div><div class="grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 display-flex flex-justify-end"><a href="https://climate.nasa.gov/interactives/climate-time-machine/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self" class="link-external-false" aria-label="Climate Time Machine"><svg class="hds-featured-link-list-button margin-left-auto margin-right-0" viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg></a></div></div></li><li class="grid-row padding-y-2 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-30-important"><div class="grid-row featured-link-list-row width-full"><div class="grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 tablet:padding-right-3 desktop:padding-right-5"><div class="width-full"><div class="hds-cover-wrapper width-full ratio-1x1 radius-pill overflow-hidden"><figure class="hds-media-background"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/156-globaliceviewer-320x240-1.jpg?w=320&format=webp&crop=1 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/156-globaliceviewer-320x240-1.jpg?w=640&format=webp&crop=1 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/156-globaliceviewer-320x240-1.jpg?w=768&format=webp&crop=1 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/156-globaliceviewer-320x240-1.jpg?w=1024&format=webp&crop=1 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/156-globaliceviewer-320x240-1.jpg?w=1280&format=webp&crop=1 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/156-globaliceviewer-320x240-1.jpg?w=1536&format=webp&crop=1 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/156-globaliceviewer-320x240-1.jpg?w=2048&format=webp&crop=1 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/156-globaliceviewer-320x240-1.jpg?w=2560&format=webp&crop=1 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/156-globaliceviewer-320x240-1.jpg?w=3072&format=webp&crop=1 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/156-globaliceviewer-320x240-1.jpg?w=4096&format=webp&crop=1 4096w"><img width="150" height="150" alt loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1.2);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/156-globaliceviewer-320x240-1.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg&crop=1" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/156-globaliceviewer-320x240-1.jpg?w=320&format=jpeg&crop=1 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/156-globaliceviewer-320x240-1.jpg?w=640&format=jpeg&crop=1 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/156-globaliceviewer-320x240-1.jpg?w=768&format=jpeg&crop=1 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/156-globaliceviewer-320x240-1.jpg?w=1024&format=jpeg&crop=1 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/156-globaliceviewer-320x240-1.jpg?w=1280&format=jpeg&crop=1 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/156-globaliceviewer-320x240-1.jpg?w=1536&format=jpeg&crop=1 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/156-globaliceviewer-320x240-1.jpg?w=2048&format=jpeg&crop=1 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/156-globaliceviewer-320x240-1.jpg?w=2560&format=jpeg&crop=1 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/156-globaliceviewer-320x240-1.jpg?w=3072&format=jpeg&crop=1 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/156-globaliceviewer-320x240-1.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg&crop=1 4096w"></picture></figure></div></div></div><div class="grid-col-8 desktop:grid-col-10 padding-left-3 desktop:padding-left-0"><div class="grid-row flex-align-center"><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6"><h3 class="heading-36 margin-0"><span>Global Ice Viewer</span></h3></div><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6"><p class="p-md margin-0 color-carbon-black">Climate change’s impact on ice</p></div></div></div><div class="grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 display-flex flex-justify-end"><a href="https://climate.nasa.gov/interactives/global-ice-viewer/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self" class="link-external-false" aria-label="Global Ice Viewer"><svg class="hds-featured-link-list-button margin-left-auto margin-right-0" viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg></a></div></div></li><li class="grid-row padding-y-2 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-30-important"><div class="grid-row featured-link-list-row width-full"><div class="grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 tablet:padding-right-3 desktop:padding-right-5"><div class="width-full"><div class="hds-cover-wrapper width-full ratio-1x1 radius-pill overflow-hidden"><figure class="hds-media-background"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-spiral-2022-640x480-1.webp?w=320&format=webp&crop=1 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-spiral-2022-640x480-1.webp?w=640&format=webp&crop=1 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-spiral-2022-640x480-1.webp?w=768&format=webp&crop=1 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-spiral-2022-640x480-1.webp?w=1024&format=webp&crop=1 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-spiral-2022-640x480-1.webp?w=1280&format=webp&crop=1 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-spiral-2022-640x480-1.webp?w=1536&format=webp&crop=1 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-spiral-2022-640x480-1.webp?w=2048&format=webp&crop=1 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-spiral-2022-640x480-1.webp?w=2560&format=webp&crop=1 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-spiral-2022-640x480-1.webp?w=3072&format=webp&crop=1 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-spiral-2022-640x480-1.webp?w=4096&format=webp&crop=1 4096w"><img width="150" height="150" alt loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1.2);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-spiral-2022-640x480-1.webp?w=4096&format=png&crop=1" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-spiral-2022-640x480-1.webp?w=320&format=png&crop=1 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-spiral-2022-640x480-1.webp?w=640&format=png&crop=1 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-spiral-2022-640x480-1.webp?w=768&format=png&crop=1 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-spiral-2022-640x480-1.webp?w=1024&format=png&crop=1 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-spiral-2022-640x480-1.webp?w=1280&format=png&crop=1 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-spiral-2022-640x480-1.webp?w=1536&format=png&crop=1 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-spiral-2022-640x480-1.webp?w=2048&format=png&crop=1 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-spiral-2022-640x480-1.webp?w=2560&format=png&crop=1 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-spiral-2022-640x480-1.webp?w=3072&format=png&crop=1 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-spiral-2022-640x480-1.webp?w=4096&format=png&crop=1 4096w"></picture></figure></div></div></div><div class="grid-col-8 desktop:grid-col-10 padding-left-3 desktop:padding-left-0"><div class="grid-row flex-align-center"><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6"><h3 class="heading-36 margin-0"><span>Multimedia</span></h3></div><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6"><p class="p-md margin-0 color-carbon-black">Vast library of images, videos, graphics, and more</p></div></div></div><div class="grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 display-flex flex-justify-end"><a href="/climate-change/multimedia/" class="link-external-false" aria-label="Multimedia"><svg class="hds-featured-link-list-button margin-left-auto margin-right-0" viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg></a></div></div></li><li class="grid-row padding-y-2 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-30-important"><div class="grid-row featured-link-list-row width-full"><div class="grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 tablet:padding-right-3 desktop:padding-right-5"><div class="width-full"><div class="hds-cover-wrapper width-full ratio-1x1 radius-pill overflow-hidden"><figure class="hds-media-background"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/screenshot-2023-03-10-at-2.44.29-pm.png?w=320&format=webp&crop=1 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/screenshot-2023-03-10-at-2.44.29-pm.png?w=640&format=webp&crop=1 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/screenshot-2023-03-10-at-2.44.29-pm.png?w=768&format=webp&crop=1 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/screenshot-2023-03-10-at-2.44.29-pm.png?w=1024&format=webp&crop=1 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/screenshot-2023-03-10-at-2.44.29-pm.png?w=1280&format=webp&crop=1 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/screenshot-2023-03-10-at-2.44.29-pm.png?w=1536&format=webp&crop=1 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/screenshot-2023-03-10-at-2.44.29-pm.png?w=2048&format=webp&crop=1 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/screenshot-2023-03-10-at-2.44.29-pm.png?w=2560&format=webp&crop=1 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/screenshot-2023-03-10-at-2.44.29-pm.png?w=3072&format=webp&crop=1 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/screenshot-2023-03-10-at-2.44.29-pm.png?w=4096&format=webp&crop=1 4096w"><img width="150" height="150" alt loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1.2);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/screenshot-2023-03-10-at-2.44.29-pm.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/screenshot-2023-03-10-at-2.44.29-pm.png?w=320&format=png&crop=1 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/screenshot-2023-03-10-at-2.44.29-pm.png?w=640&format=png&crop=1 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/screenshot-2023-03-10-at-2.44.29-pm.png?w=768&format=png&crop=1 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/screenshot-2023-03-10-at-2.44.29-pm.png?w=1024&format=png&crop=1 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/screenshot-2023-03-10-at-2.44.29-pm.png?w=1280&format=png&crop=1 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/screenshot-2023-03-10-at-2.44.29-pm.png?w=1536&format=png&crop=1 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/screenshot-2023-03-10-at-2.44.29-pm.png?w=2048&format=png&crop=1 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/screenshot-2023-03-10-at-2.44.29-pm.png?w=2560&format=png&crop=1 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/screenshot-2023-03-10-at-2.44.29-pm.png?w=3072&format=png&crop=1 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/screenshot-2023-03-10-at-2.44.29-pm.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1 4096w"></picture></figure></div></div></div><div class="grid-col-8 desktop:grid-col-10 padding-left-3 desktop:padding-left-0"><div class="grid-row flex-align-center"><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6"><h3 class="heading-36 margin-0"><span>En español</span></h3></div><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6"><p class="p-md margin-0 color-carbon-black">Creciente biblioteca de recursos en español</p></div></div></div><div class="grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 display-flex flex-justify-end"><a href="https://climate.nasa.gov/en-espanol/datos/evidencia/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self" class="link-external-false" aria-label="En español"><svg class="hds-featured-link-list-button margin-left-auto margin-right-0" viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg></a></div></div></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="BlockLayout margin-y-3"><div class="BlockWrapper hds-module bg-spacesuit-white padding-x-2 tablet:padding-x-3 desktop:padding-x-4 wp-block-nasa-blocks-featured-link-list NasaBlocksFeaturedLinkListBlock"><div class="grid-container grid-container-block padding-0"><div class="margin-bottom-4"><h2 class="heading-22 margin-0">Climate Data Resources</h2></div><ul class="margin-0 padding-0"><li class="grid-row padding-y-2 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-30-important"><div class="grid-row featured-link-list-row width-full"><div class="grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 tablet:padding-right-3 desktop:padding-right-5"><div class="width-full"><div class="hds-cover-wrapper width-full ratio-1x1 radius-pill overflow-hidden"><figure class="hds-media-background"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/sshc_w_cbar_print-jpeg.webp?w=320&format=webp&crop=1 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/sshc_w_cbar_print-jpeg.webp?w=640&format=webp&crop=1 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/sshc_w_cbar_print-jpeg.webp?w=768&format=webp&crop=1 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/sshc_w_cbar_print-jpeg.webp?w=1024&format=webp&crop=1 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/sshc_w_cbar_print-jpeg.webp?w=1280&format=webp&crop=1 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/sshc_w_cbar_print-jpeg.webp?w=1536&format=webp&crop=1 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/sshc_w_cbar_print-jpeg.webp?w=2048&format=webp&crop=1 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/sshc_w_cbar_print-jpeg.webp?w=2560&format=webp&crop=1 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/sshc_w_cbar_print-jpeg.webp?w=3072&format=webp&crop=1 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/sshc_w_cbar_print-jpeg.webp?w=4096&format=webp&crop=1 4096w"><img width="150" height="150" alt="This visualization shows total sea level change between 1992 and 2019, with orange/red regions indicating where sea levels are rising." loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1.2);transform-origin:84% 25%;object-position:84% 25%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/sshc_w_cbar_print-jpeg.webp?w=4096&format=png&crop=1" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/sshc_w_cbar_print-jpeg.webp?w=320&format=png&crop=1 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/sshc_w_cbar_print-jpeg.webp?w=640&format=png&crop=1 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/sshc_w_cbar_print-jpeg.webp?w=768&format=png&crop=1 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/sshc_w_cbar_print-jpeg.webp?w=1024&format=png&crop=1 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/sshc_w_cbar_print-jpeg.webp?w=1280&format=png&crop=1 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/sshc_w_cbar_print-jpeg.webp?w=1536&format=png&crop=1 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/sshc_w_cbar_print-jpeg.webp?w=2048&format=png&crop=1 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/sshc_w_cbar_print-jpeg.webp?w=2560&format=png&crop=1 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/sshc_w_cbar_print-jpeg.webp?w=3072&format=png&crop=1 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/sshc_w_cbar_print-jpeg.webp?w=4096&format=png&crop=1 4096w"></picture></figure></div></div></div><div class="grid-col-8 desktop:grid-col-10 padding-left-3 desktop:padding-left-0"><div class="grid-row flex-align-center"><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6"><h3 class="heading-36 margin-0"><span>Sea Level Change Observations from Space</span></h3></div><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6"><p class="p-md margin-0 color-carbon-black">Established in 2014, this NASA-sponsored team works to improve the understanding of regional relative sea-level change on a range of timescales. They work with partners to translate the latest science and research into actionable information and to communicate how impacts are increasing at the coast.</p></div></div></div><div class="grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 display-flex flex-justify-end"><a href="https://sealevel.nasa.gov/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" class="link-external-false" aria-label="Sea Level Change Observations from Space (opens in a new tab)"><svg class="hds-featured-link-list-button margin-left-auto margin-right-0" viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg></a></div></div></li><li class="grid-row padding-y-2 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-30-important"><div class="grid-row featured-link-list-row width-full"><div class="grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 tablet:padding-right-3 desktop:padding-right-5"><div class="width-full"><div class="hds-cover-wrapper width-full ratio-1x1 radius-pill overflow-hidden"><figure class="hds-media-background"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Bolten_Hyperwall_0-jpg.webp?w=320&format=webp&crop=1 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Bolten_Hyperwall_0-jpg.webp?w=640&format=webp&crop=1 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Bolten_Hyperwall_0-jpg.webp?w=768&format=webp&crop=1 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Bolten_Hyperwall_0-jpg.webp?w=1024&format=webp&crop=1 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Bolten_Hyperwall_0-jpg.webp?w=1280&format=webp&crop=1 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Bolten_Hyperwall_0-jpg.webp?w=1536&format=webp&crop=1 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Bolten_Hyperwall_0-jpg.webp?w=2048&format=webp&crop=1 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Bolten_Hyperwall_0-jpg.webp?w=2560&format=webp&crop=1 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Bolten_Hyperwall_0-jpg.webp?w=3072&format=webp&crop=1 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Bolten_Hyperwall_0-jpg.webp?w=4096&format=webp&crop=1 4096w"><img width="150" height="150" alt="Bolten_hyperwall.jpg" loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1.5);transform-origin:39% 44%;object-position:39% 44%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Bolten_Hyperwall_0-jpg.webp?w=4096&format=png&crop=1" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Bolten_Hyperwall_0-jpg.webp?w=320&format=png&crop=1 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Bolten_Hyperwall_0-jpg.webp?w=640&format=png&crop=1 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Bolten_Hyperwall_0-jpg.webp?w=768&format=png&crop=1 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Bolten_Hyperwall_0-jpg.webp?w=1024&format=png&crop=1 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Bolten_Hyperwall_0-jpg.webp?w=1280&format=png&crop=1 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Bolten_Hyperwall_0-jpg.webp?w=1536&format=png&crop=1 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Bolten_Hyperwall_0-jpg.webp?w=2048&format=png&crop=1 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Bolten_Hyperwall_0-jpg.webp?w=2560&format=png&crop=1 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Bolten_Hyperwall_0-jpg.webp?w=3072&format=png&crop=1 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Bolten_Hyperwall_0-jpg.webp?w=4096&format=png&crop=1 4096w"></picture></figure></div></div></div><div class="grid-col-8 desktop:grid-col-10 padding-left-3 desktop:padding-left-0"><div class="grid-row flex-align-center"><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6"><h3 class="heading-36 margin-0"><span>NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS)</span></h3></div><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6"><p class="p-md margin-0 color-carbon-black">NCCS provides high performance computing for NASA-sponsored scientists and engineers. The purpose is to enhance NASA capabilities in Earth science, with an emphasis on weather and climate prediction, and to enable future scientific discoveries that will benefit humankind.</p></div></div></div><div class="grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 display-flex flex-justify-end"><a href="https://www.nccs.nasa.gov/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" class="link-external-false" aria-label="NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) (opens in a new tab)"><svg class="hds-featured-link-list-button margin-left-auto margin-right-0" viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg></a></div></div></li><li class="grid-row padding-y-2 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-30-important"><div class="grid-row featured-link-list-row width-full"><div class="grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 tablet:padding-right-3 desktop:padding-right-5"><div class="width-full"><div class="hds-cover-wrapper width-full ratio-1x1 radius-pill overflow-hidden"><figure class="hds-media-background"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/globaljja-gis-2023-hires.webp?w=320&format=webp&crop=1 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/globaljja-gis-2023-hires.webp?w=640&format=webp&crop=1 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/globaljja-gis-2023-hires.webp?w=768&format=webp&crop=1 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/globaljja-gis-2023-hires.webp?w=1024&format=webp&crop=1 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/globaljja-gis-2023-hires.webp?w=1280&format=webp&crop=1 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/globaljja-gis-2023-hires.webp?w=1536&format=webp&crop=1 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/globaljja-gis-2023-hires.webp?w=2048&format=webp&crop=1 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/globaljja-gis-2023-hires.webp?w=2560&format=webp&crop=1 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/globaljja-gis-2023-hires.webp?w=3072&format=webp&crop=1 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/globaljja-gis-2023-hires.webp?w=4096&format=webp&crop=1 4096w"><img width="150" height="150" alt="June, July, and August were 0.23°C (0.41°F) warmer than any other summer in NASA’s record." loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1.4);transform-origin:44% 27%;object-position:44% 27%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/globaljja-gis-2023-hires.webp?w=4096&format=png&crop=1" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/globaljja-gis-2023-hires.webp?w=320&format=png&crop=1 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/globaljja-gis-2023-hires.webp?w=640&format=png&crop=1 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/globaljja-gis-2023-hires.webp?w=768&format=png&crop=1 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/globaljja-gis-2023-hires.webp?w=1024&format=png&crop=1 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/globaljja-gis-2023-hires.webp?w=1280&format=png&crop=1 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/globaljja-gis-2023-hires.webp?w=1536&format=png&crop=1 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/globaljja-gis-2023-hires.webp?w=2048&format=png&crop=1 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/globaljja-gis-2023-hires.webp?w=2560&format=png&crop=1 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/globaljja-gis-2023-hires.webp?w=3072&format=png&crop=1 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/globaljja-gis-2023-hires.webp?w=4096&format=png&crop=1 4096w"></picture></figure></div></div></div><div class="grid-col-8 desktop:grid-col-10 padding-left-3 desktop:padding-left-0"><div class="grid-row flex-align-center"><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6"><h3 class="heading-36 margin-0"><span>GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (GISTEMP)</span></h3></div><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6"><p class="p-md margin-0 color-carbon-black">NASA’s Goddard Institute of Space Studies assembles one of the world's most trusted global temperature records, using a combination of surface air temperature data acquired by tens of thousands of meteorological stations, as well as sea surface temperature data from ship- and buoy-based instruments.</p></div></div></div><div class="grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 display-flex flex-justify-end"><a href="https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" class="link-external-false" aria-label="GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (GISTEMP) (opens in a new tab)"><svg class="hds-featured-link-list-button margin-left-auto margin-right-0" viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg></a></div></div></li><li class="grid-row padding-y-2 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-30-important"><div class="grid-row featured-link-list-row width-full"><div class="grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 tablet:padding-right-3 desktop:padding-right-5"><div class="width-full"><div class="hds-cover-wrapper width-full ratio-1x1 radius-pill overflow-hidden"><figure class="hds-media-background"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://images-assets.nasa.gov/image/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1080&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 320w, https://images-assets.nasa.gov/image/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1080&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 640w, https://images-assets.nasa.gov/image/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1080&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https://images-assets.nasa.gov/image/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1080&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https://images-assets.nasa.gov/image/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1080&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1280w, https://images-assets.nasa.gov/image/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1080&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https://images-assets.nasa.gov/image/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1080&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2048w, https://images-assets.nasa.gov/image/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1080&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2560w, https://images-assets.nasa.gov/image/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1080&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 3072w, https://images-assets.nasa.gov/image/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1080&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 4096w"><img width="1920" height="1080" alt loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1.2);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://images-assets.nasa.gov/image/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1080&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://images-assets.nasa.gov/image/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1080&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 320w, https://images-assets.nasa.gov/image/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1080&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 640w, https://images-assets.nasa.gov/image/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1080&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https://images-assets.nasa.gov/image/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1080&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https://images-assets.nasa.gov/image/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1080&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1280w, https://images-assets.nasa.gov/image/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1080&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https://images-assets.nasa.gov/image/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1080&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2048w, https://images-assets.nasa.gov/image/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1080&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2560w, https://images-assets.nasa.gov/image/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1080&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 3072w, https://images-assets.nasa.gov/image/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1080&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 4096w"></picture></figure></div></div></div><div class="grid-col-8 desktop:grid-col-10 padding-left-3 desktop:padding-left-0"><div class="grid-row flex-align-center"><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6"><h3 class="heading-36 margin-0"><span>NASA Earth Exchange (NEX)</span></h3></div><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6"><p class="p-md margin-0 color-carbon-black">NEX combines state-of-the-art supercomputing, Earth system modeling, and NASA remote sensing data feeds to deliver a work environment for exploring and analyzing terabyte- to petabyte-scale datasets covering large regions, continents or the globe.</p></div></div></div><div class="grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 display-flex flex-justify-end"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-earth-exchange-nex/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self" class="link-external-false" aria-label="NASA Earth Exchange (NEX)"><svg class="hds-featured-link-list-button margin-left-auto margin-right-0" viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg></a></div></div></li><li class="grid-row padding-y-2 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-30-important"><div class="grid-row featured-link-list-row width-full"><div class="grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 tablet:padding-right-3 desktop:padding-right-5"><div class="width-full"><div class="hds-cover-wrapper width-full ratio-1x1 radius-pill overflow-hidden"><figure class="hds-media-background"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/WeatherFocusGMAO.png?w=320&format=webp&crop=1 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/WeatherFocusGMAO.png?w=640&format=webp&crop=1 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/WeatherFocusGMAO.png?w=768&format=webp&crop=1 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/WeatherFocusGMAO.png?w=1024&format=webp&crop=1 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/WeatherFocusGMAO.png?w=1280&format=webp&crop=1 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/WeatherFocusGMAO.png?w=1536&format=webp&crop=1 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/WeatherFocusGMAO.png?w=2048&format=webp&crop=1 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/WeatherFocusGMAO.png?w=2560&format=webp&crop=1 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/WeatherFocusGMAO.png?w=3072&format=webp&crop=1 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/WeatherFocusGMAO.png?w=4096&format=webp&crop=1 4096w"><img width="150" height="150" alt loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1.2);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/WeatherFocusGMAO.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/WeatherFocusGMAO.png?w=320&format=png&crop=1 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/WeatherFocusGMAO.png?w=640&format=png&crop=1 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/WeatherFocusGMAO.png?w=768&format=png&crop=1 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/WeatherFocusGMAO.png?w=1024&format=png&crop=1 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/WeatherFocusGMAO.png?w=1280&format=png&crop=1 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/WeatherFocusGMAO.png?w=1536&format=png&crop=1 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/WeatherFocusGMAO.png?w=2048&format=png&crop=1 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/WeatherFocusGMAO.png?w=2560&format=png&crop=1 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/WeatherFocusGMAO.png?w=3072&format=png&crop=1 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/WeatherFocusGMAO.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1 4096w"></picture></figure></div></div></div><div class="grid-col-8 desktop:grid-col-10 padding-left-3 desktop:padding-left-0"><div class="grid-row flex-align-center"><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6"><h3 class="heading-36 margin-0"><span>Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO)</span></h3></div><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6"><p class="p-md margin-0 color-carbon-black">GMAO members perform research, develop models and assimilation systems, and produce quasi-operational products in support of NASA's missions. The Goddard Earth Observing System" (GEOS) family of models is used for applications across a wide range of spatial scales, from kilometers to many tens of kilometers. </p></div></div></div><div class="grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 display-flex flex-justify-end"><a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" class="link-external-false" aria-label="Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) (opens in a new tab)"><svg class="hds-featured-link-list-button margin-left-auto margin-right-0" viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg></a></div></div></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="BlockLayout margin-full-bleed"><div class="BlockWrapper hds-module width-full maxw-full bg-carbon-05 padding-bottom-9 padding-top-9 wp-block-nasa-blocks-featured-link NasaBlocksFeaturedLinkBlock"><div class="grid-container grid-container-block padding-x-0 padding-top-9 desktop:padding-top-0"><div class="grid-row flex-align-center"><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 padding-x-3 desktop:padding-right-5 margin-bottom-5"><h2 class="page-heading-md margin-0">World of Change</h2><p class="p-md">NASA Earth Observatory has produced a collection of image series that show some features of Earth that have changed over time due to both natural and human-induced causes.</p><a href="https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/world-of-change" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" class="link-external-false BaseButton button-primary link-external-0 display-inline-block button-primary-md" aria-label="Learn more about World of Change"><span class="display-flex flex-row flex-align-center width-auto"><span class="line-height-alt-1 width-auto" style="white-space:pre-wrap;min-width:1px;"><span class="line-height-alt-1">Learn More</span></span><svg viewBox="0 0 34 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="button-primary-circle" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg></span></a></div><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop:padding-left-5"><div class="width-full"><div class="hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto NasaBlocksFeaturedLinkBlockImage"><figure class="hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fill"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/columbiaglacier653-oli-2019172.jpg?w=320&format=webp 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/columbiaglacier653-oli-2019172.jpg?w=640&format=webp 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/columbiaglacier653-oli-2019172.jpg?w=768&format=webp 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/columbiaglacier653-oli-2019172.jpg?w=1024&format=webp 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/columbiaglacier653-oli-2019172.jpg?w=1280&format=webp 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/columbiaglacier653-oli-2019172.jpg?w=1536&format=webp 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/columbiaglacier653-oli-2019172.jpg?w=2048&format=webp 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/columbiaglacier653-oli-2019172.jpg?w=2560&format=webp 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/columbiaglacier653-oli-2019172.jpg?w=3072&format=webp 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/columbiaglacier653-oli-2019172.jpg?w=4096&format=webp 4096w"><img width="720" height="480" alt="One branch of Alaska’s Columbia Glacier seems to have retreated as far as it can, while the other still has some distance to go." loading="eager" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/columbiaglacier653-oli-2019172.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/columbiaglacier653-oli-2019172.jpg?w=320&format=jpeg 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/columbiaglacier653-oli-2019172.jpg?w=640&format=jpeg 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/columbiaglacier653-oli-2019172.jpg?w=768&format=jpeg 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/columbiaglacier653-oli-2019172.jpg?w=1024&format=jpeg 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/columbiaglacier653-oli-2019172.jpg?w=1280&format=jpeg 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/columbiaglacier653-oli-2019172.jpg?w=1536&format=jpeg 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/columbiaglacier653-oli-2019172.jpg?w=2048&format=jpeg 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/columbiaglacier653-oli-2019172.jpg?w=2560&format=jpeg 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/columbiaglacier653-oli-2019172.jpg?w=3072&format=jpeg 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/columbiaglacier653-oli-2019172.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg 4096w"></picture></figure><figcaption class="hds-caption padding-top-2"><div class="hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0">This false-color image, captured by the Landsat 8 satellite, shows Alaska's Columbia Glacier and the surrounding landscape following the more than 20 kilometer retreat of the glacier between 1986 and 2019.</div><div class="hds-credits">Credit: NASA Earth Observatory</div></figcaption></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="BlockLayout BlockLayoutGeneric grid-row grid-container grid-container-block smd-padding-x-responsive margin-y-3"><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-8 desktop:grid-offset-2"></div></div></div></div></div></main></div><div class="NasaFooter" data-v-21bfe27b><footer class="usa-footer bg-carbon-black-important padding-x-3 padding-y-7" data-v-21bfe27b><div class="grid-container maxw-widescreen usa-footer__return-to-top display-none" data-v-21bfe27b><a href="#top" data-v-21bfe27b>Return to top</a></div><div class="usa-footer__primary-section bg-carbon-black-important" data-v-21bfe27b><div class="grid-container grid-container-widescreen padding-x-0" data-v-21bfe27b><img fetchpriority="low" width="63.99" height="53.94" class="width-8 margin-bottom-2" alt="NASA Logo" src="/_nuxt/nasa-logo_2x.C0A3w2m0.png" srcset="/_nuxt/nasa-logo.CFKB7Wqh.svg" 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Right now there are NASA robots are millions of miles away helping us better understand what’s out there.",{"id":83,"url":264,"alt":265,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":254,"zoom":266,"focalPoint":267,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25},"https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/49797993848_5314da8448_h.jpg","Special delivery to ISS",20,{"x":268,"y":268},".50",{"id":83,"url":270,"alt":271,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":254,"zoom":266,"focalPoint":272,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25},"https://live.staticflickr.com/4115/4858568740_6632dc4f4c_h.jpg","An early shuttle launch",{"x":268,"y":268},{"id":83,"url":274,"alt":275,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":254,"zoom":266,"focalPoint":276,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25},"https://live.staticflickr.com/1611/25524892462_a030e841bb_h.jpg","Blurry satellite against the blackness of space",{"x":268,"y":268},{"id":83,"title":25,"kind":25,"type":25,"url":278,"external":77,"target":78},"https://science.nasa.gov/location/goddard-space-flight-center/","Learn More","yes","Quick Facts",[283,288],{"slide_image":284,"slide_text":287},{"id":83,"url":285,"alt":16,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":254,"zoom":266,"focalPoint":286,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25},"https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/plugins/nasa-blocks/assets/images/image-carousel-example-01.jpg",{"x":268,"y":268},"Ranger 7 was the first robotic probe to successfully transmit close images of the lunar surface back to Earth.",{"slide_image":289,"slide_text":293},{"id":83,"url":290,"alt":16,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":254,"zoom":291,"focalPoint":292,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25},"https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/plugins/nasa-blocks/assets/images/image-carousel-example-02.jpeg",2,{"x":268,"y":268},"Ranger 7 sent 4,316 stunning images before crashing into the Moon on the northern rim of the Sea of Clouds.","Location","Greenbelt, MD","Founded","May 1, 1959","People","10,000+","Director","Dennis J. Andrucyk","Impact & Benefits","banner_image",{"name":305,"attributes":306},"smd-block/iframe-embed",{"align":68,"anchor":16,"blockId":307,"displayPlaceholder":26,"height":308,"iframeCaption":16,"iframeCredit":16,"iframeTitle":16,"placeholderImage":309,"ratio":312,"srcLink":313,"width":314},"smd-iframe-dd435aa9-4ae3-45b6-9d24-49e3522e6a19","205",{"id":83,"url":310,"alt":16,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":254,"zoom":266,"focalPoint":311,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25},"./wp-content/plugins/smd-blocks/assets/images/iframe-example-bg.jpg",{"x":268,"y":268},"manual","https://climate.nasa.gov/module/5/","100",{"name":316,"attributes":317},"nasa-blocks/featured-link",{"align":68,"anchor":16,"description":318,"fit":254,"heading":319,"image":320,"linkId":326,"more_link":279,"show_caption":328,"show_credits":328,"subheading":16},"Our ocean is changing. With 70 percent of the planet covered in water, the seas are important drivers of the global climate. Yet increasing greenhouse gases from human activities are altering the ocean before our eyes. NASA and its partners are on a mission to find out more.","The Ocean and Climate Change",{"id":321,"url":322,"alt":16,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":323,"zoom":83,"focalPoint":324,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25,"contentType":58,"width":56,"height":325},419349,"https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot-2024-08-30-at-2-06-55 pm.png?w=1024","fill",{"x":268,"y":268},514,{"id":25,"title":25,"kind":25,"type":25,"url":327,"external":77,"target":78},"https://science.nasa.gov/earth/explore/the-ocean-and-climate-change/","true",{"name":330,"attributes":331},"nasa-blocks/news-automated",{"align":68,"anchor":16,"category":332,"heading":333,"linkId":334,"more_link":336,"news_tags":337,"number_news_items":338,"show_link":77,"source":16,"latest_news":339},"523","Latest News",{"id":25,"title":25,"kind":25,"type":25,"url":335,"external":77,"target":78},"https://www.nasa.gov/news/all-news/","More NASA News","all","5",[340,355,365,374,382,389,397,405],{"id":341,"post_type":4,"title":342,"featuredImg":343,"time_ago":352,"read_time":353,"link":354},436292,"NASA Data Reveals Role of Green Spaces in Cooling Cities",{"id":344,"url":345,"alt":346,"caption":347,"credits":348,"fit":254,"zoom":83,"focalPoint":349,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25,"contentType":58,"width":56,"height":351},436295,"https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/sanaa-oli-20240608-1440.jpg?w=1024","As seen from space: Sanaa, Yemen, and surrounding regions, including an airport to the north and mountains on either side. The image is mostly brown and gray, with very little green space in or around Sanaa.","The Operational Land Imager (OLI) on Landsat 8 captured this natural color image of Sanaa, Yemen on June 8, 2024. Sanaa, which has a hot, dry climate and little green space, had the second lowest cooling capacity of the 500 cities studied.","Wanmei Liang, NASA Earth Observatory",{"x":350,"y":350},0.5,682,"1 day ago",5,"https://science.nasa.gov/earth/climate-change/nasa-data-reveals-role-of-green-spaces-in-cooling-cities/",{"id":356,"post_type":357,"title":358,"featuredImg":359,"time_ago":362,"read_time":363,"link":364},434416,"post-ext","NASA Data Helps International Community Prepare for Sea Level Rise",{"id":25,"url":360,"alt":16,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":254,"zoom":83,"focalPoint":361,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25},"https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/1-point-reyes-noaa.jpg",{"x":350,"y":350},"2 weeks ago",4,"https://www.nasa.gov/earth/oceans/nasa-data-helps-international-community-prepare-for-sea-level-rise/",{"id":366,"post_type":367,"title":368,"featuredImg":369,"time_ago":362,"read_time":372,"link":373},434195,"podcast-ext","How Open Science and AI Are Advancing Hurricane Research",{"id":25,"url":370,"alt":16,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":254,"zoom":83,"focalPoint":371,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25},"https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/cu06-illustration-16x9-v01.png",{"x":350,"y":350},29,"https://www.nasa.gov/podcasts/curious-universe/how-open-science-and-ai-are-advancing-hurricane-research/",{"id":375,"post_type":357,"title":376,"featuredImg":377,"time_ago":380,"read_time":353,"link":381},431965,"NASA, NOAA Rank 2024 Ozone Hole as 7th-Smallest Since Recovery Began",{"id":25,"url":378,"alt":16,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":254,"zoom":83,"focalPoint":379,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25},"https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/ozone-geos5-20240928-hires.jpg",{"x":350,"y":350},"4 weeks ago","https://www.nasa.gov/earth/climate-change/ozone-layer/nasa-noaa-rank-2024-ozone-hole-as-7th-smallest-since-recovery-began/",{"id":383,"post_type":357,"title":384,"featuredImg":385,"time_ago":380,"read_time":363,"link":388},431654,"NASA Helps Find Thawing Permafrost Adds to Near-Term Global Warming",{"id":25,"url":386,"alt":16,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":254,"zoom":83,"focalPoint":387,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25},"https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1-permafrost-tunnel.jpg",{"x":350,"y":350},"https://www.nasa.gov/earth/nasa-helps-find-thawing-permafrost-adds-to-near-term-global-warming/",{"id":390,"post_type":357,"title":391,"featuredImg":392,"time_ago":395,"read_time":363,"link":396},427875,"First Greenhouse Gas Plumes Detected With NASA-Designed Instrument",{"id":25,"url":393,"alt":16,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":254,"zoom":83,"focalPoint":394,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25},"https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1-pia26416-ghg-plumes-16.jpg",{"x":350,"y":350},"2 months ago","https://www.nasa.gov/earth/first-greenhouse-gas-plumes-detected-with-nasa-designed-instrument/",{"id":398,"post_type":399,"title":400,"featuredImg":401,"time_ago":395,"read_time":49,"link":404},427298,"image-article-ext","NASA’s Earth Information Center at the Smithsonian",{"id":25,"url":402,"alt":16,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":254,"zoom":83,"focalPoint":403,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25},"https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/54050312989-7f2d600d29-o.jpg",{"x":350,"y":350},"https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/nasas-earth-information-center-at-the-smithsonian/",{"id":406,"post_type":407,"title":408,"featuredImg":409,"time_ago":395,"read_time":412,"link":413},427143,"press-release-ext","NASA, Smithsonian Open New Exhibit to Showcase Our Dynamic Earth",{"id":25,"url":410,"alt":16,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":254,"zoom":83,"focalPoint":411,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25},"https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/54050312989-166b473bd6-k-1.jpg",{"x":350,"y":350},3,"https://www.nasa.gov/news-release/nasa-smithsonian-open-new-exhibit-to-showcase-our-dynamic-earth/",{"name":415,"attributes":416},"nasa-blocks/tabbed-section",{"activeTab":49,"align":68,"anchor":16,"tabs":417,"tabbedSectionId":452},[418,430,441],{"tab_title":96,"heading":419,"subtitle":420,"content":421,"image":422,"more_link":428,"linkId":429},"How Do We Know Climate Change is Real?","There is unequivocal evidence that Earth is warming at an unprecedented rate. Human activity is the principal cause.","Earth-orbiting satellites and new technologies have helped scientists see the big picture, collecting many different types of information about our planet and its climate all over the world. These data, collected over many years, reveal the signs and patterns of a changing climate.",{"id":423,"url":424,"alt":425,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":254,"zoom":266,"focalPoint":426,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25,"contentType":58,"width":427,"height":427},305866,"https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-evidence-image.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1","This is a test image",{"x":268,"y":268},"150","Read More",{"id":25,"title":25,"kind":25,"type":25,"url":99,"external":77,"target":78},{"tab_title":101,"heading":431,"subtitle":432,"content":433,"image":434,"more_link":428,"linkId":440},"What is causing climate change?","Human activities are driving the global warming trend observed since the mid-20th century.","Scientists attribute the global warming trend observed since the mid-20\u003Csup>th\u003C/sup> century to the human expansion of the \"greenhouse effect\" — warming that results when the atmosphere traps heat radiating from Earth toward space.\u003Cbr>Over the last century, burning of fossil fuels like coal and oil has increased the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO\u003Csub>2\u003C/sub>). This increase happens because the coal or oil burning process combines carbon with oxygen in the air to make CO\u003Csub>2\u003C/sub>. ",{"id":435,"url":436,"alt":16,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":254,"zoom":266,"focalPoint":437,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25,"contentType":58,"width":438,"height":439},275177,"https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2716/power-station-374097-1920.jpeg?w=1920&h=1280&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint",{"x":268,"y":268},1920,1280,{"id":25,"title":25,"kind":25,"type":25,"url":104,"external":77,"target":78},{"tab_title":106,"heading":442,"subtitle":443,"content":444,"image":445,"more_link":428,"linkId":451},"What are the effects of climate change?","The effects of human-caused global warming are happening now, are irreversible for people alive today, and will worsen as long as humans add greenhouse gases to the atmosphere.","We already see effects scientists predicted, such as the loss of sea ice, melting glaciers and ice sheets, sea level rise, and more intense heat waves.\u003Cbr>Scientists predict global temperature increases from human-made greenhouse gases will continue. Severe weather damage will also increase and intensify.",{"id":446,"url":447,"alt":16,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":254,"zoom":266,"focalPoint":448,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25,"contentType":58,"width":449,"height":450},275197,"https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/esd/climate/internal_resources/2719/effectsbannernew-opt.jpeg?w=1100&h=732&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint",{"x":268,"y":268},1100,732,{"id":25,"title":25,"kind":25,"type":25,"url":109,"external":77,"target":78},"tabbed-section-555822067-2254606463",{"name":454,"attributes":455},"nasa-blocks/callout",{"align":68,"anchor":16,"background":456,"description":462,"heading":463,"linkId":464,"more_link":279},{"id":457,"url":458,"alt":459,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":254,"zoom":266,"focalPoint":460,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25,"contentType":58,"width":461,"height":56},305874,"https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/test-images-of-change-callout.jpg?w=2048","test",{"x":268,"y":268},2048,"Before-and-after images of Earth.","Images of Change",{"id":25,"title":25,"kind":25,"type":25,"url":465,"external":77,"target":78},"https://climate.nasa.gov/images-of-change/?intent=131",{"name":467,"attributes":468},"nasa-blocks/featured-link-list",{"align":68,"anchor":16,"links":469,"more_text":504},[470,479,488,495],{"link_title":471,"link_text":472,"linkId":473,"link_image":475},"Climate Time Machine","Climate change in recent history",{"id":25,"title":25,"kind":25,"type":25,"url":474,"external":77,"target":78},"https://climate.nasa.gov/interactives/climate-time-machine/",{"id":476,"url":477,"alt":16,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":254,"zoom":266,"focalPoint":478,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25,"contentType":58,"width":427,"height":427},305883,"https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/625-climatetimemachine-320x240-1.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1",{"x":268,"y":268},{"link_title":480,"link_text":481,"linkId":482,"link_image":484},"Global Ice Viewer","Climate change’s impact on ice",{"id":25,"title":25,"kind":25,"type":25,"url":483,"external":77,"target":78},"https://climate.nasa.gov/interactives/global-ice-viewer/",{"id":485,"url":486,"alt":16,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":254,"zoom":266,"focalPoint":487,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25,"contentType":58,"width":427,"height":427},305881,"https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/156-globaliceviewer-320x240-1.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1",{"x":268,"y":268},{"link_title":200,"link_text":489,"linkId":490,"link_image":491},"Vast library of images, videos, graphics, and more",{"id":25,"title":25,"kind":25,"type":25,"url":204,"external":26,"target":78},{"id":492,"url":493,"alt":16,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":254,"zoom":266,"focalPoint":494,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25,"contentType":58,"width":427,"height":427},305884,"https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/climate-spiral-2022-640x480-1.webp?w=150&h=150&crop=1",{"x":268,"y":268},{"link_title":496,"link_text":497,"linkId":498,"link_image":500},"En español","Creciente biblioteca de recursos en español",{"id":25,"title":25,"kind":25,"type":25,"url":499,"external":77,"target":78},"https://climate.nasa.gov/en-espanol/datos/evidencia/",{"id":501,"url":502,"alt":16,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":254,"zoom":266,"focalPoint":503,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25,"contentType":58,"width":427,"height":427},305885,"https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/screenshot-2023-03-10-at-2.44.29-pm.png?w=150&h=150&crop=1",{"x":268,"y":268},"Climate Change Resources",{"name":467,"attributes":506},{"align":68,"anchor":16,"links":507,"more_text":576},[508,523,537,552,567],{"link_title":509,"link_text":510,"linkId":511,"link_image":514},"Sea Level Change Observations from Space","Established in 2014, this NASA-sponsored team works to improve the understanding of regional relative sea-level change on a range of timescales. They work with partners to translate the latest science and research into actionable information and to communicate how impacts are increasing at the coast.",{"id":25,"title":25,"kind":25,"type":25,"url":512,"external":77,"target":513},"https://sealevel.nasa.gov/","_blank",{"id":515,"url":516,"alt":517,"caption":518,"credits":519,"fit":254,"zoom":266,"focalPoint":520,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25,"contentType":58,"width":427,"height":427},23965,"https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/sshc_w_cbar_print-jpeg.webp?w=150&h=150&crop=1","This visualization shows total sea level change between 1992 and 2019, with orange/red regions indicating where sea levels are rising.","This visualization shows total sea level change between 1992 and 2019, with orange/red regions indicating where sea levels are rising. - \u003Ca href=\"https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4853\">Download this image and similar animations on the NASA SVS site.\u003C/a>","NASA’s Scientific Visualization Studio",{"x":521,"y":522},0.84,0.25,{"link_title":524,"link_text":525,"linkId":526,"link_image":528},"NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS)","NCCS provides high performance computing for NASA-sponsored scientists and engineers. The purpose is to enhance NASA capabilities in Earth science, with an emphasis on weather and climate prediction, and to enable future scientific discoveries that will benefit humankind.",{"id":25,"title":25,"kind":25,"type":25,"url":527,"external":77,"target":513},"https://www.nccs.nasa.gov/",{"id":529,"url":530,"alt":531,"caption":532,"credits":16,"fit":254,"zoom":533,"focalPoint":534,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25,"contentType":58,"width":427,"height":427},25970,"https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Bolten_Hyperwall_0-jpg.webp?w=150&h=150&crop=1","Bolten_hyperwall.jpg","Hydrologist John D. Bolten in front of just one of NASA's many Earth science data sets, this one is featured on the Climate Simulation's Data Visualization Theater, commonly known as the hyperwall, at NASA Goddard.",50,{"x":535,"y":536},0.39,0.44,{"link_title":538,"link_text":539,"linkId":540,"link_image":542},"GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (GISTEMP)","NASA’s Goddard Institute of Space Studies assembles one of the world's most trusted global temperature records, using a combination of surface air temperature data acquired by tens of thousands of meteorological stations, as well as sea surface temperature data from ship- and buoy-based instruments.",{"id":25,"title":25,"kind":25,"type":25,"url":541,"external":77,"target":513},"https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/",{"id":543,"url":544,"alt":545,"caption":546,"credits":547,"fit":254,"zoom":548,"focalPoint":549,"parallax":258,"detail_link":551,"contentType":58,"width":427,"height":427},228918,"https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/globaljja-gis-2023-hires.webp?w=150&h=150&crop=1","June, July, and August were 0.23°C (0.41°F) warmer than any other summer in NASA’s record.","June, July, and August were 0.23°C (0.41°F) warmer than any other summer in NASA’s record. \u003Ca href=\"https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/151831/summer-2023-was-the-hottest-on-record\">Read the full story\u003C/a>","NASA Earth Observatory/Lauren Dauphin",40,{"x":536,"y":550},0.27,"https://science.nasa.gov/image-detail/globaljja-gis-2023-hires/",{"link_title":553,"link_text":554,"linkId":555,"link_image":560},"NASA Earth Exchange (NEX)","NEX combines state-of-the-art supercomputing, Earth system modeling, and NASA remote sensing data feeds to deliver a work environment for exploring and analyzing terabyte- to petabyte-scale datasets covering large regions, continents or the globe.",{"id":556,"title":557,"kind":76,"type":558,"url":559,"external":77,"target":78},80504,"NASA Earth eXchange (NEX)","topic-ext","https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-earth-exchange-nex/",{"id":561,"url":562,"alt":16,"caption":563,"credits":16,"fit":254,"zoom":266,"focalPoint":564,"parallax":258,"detail_link":565,"contentType":58,"width":438,"height":566},48685,"https://images-assets.nasa.gov/image/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e001016~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1080&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint","Of all the planets NASA has explored, none have matched the dynamic complexity of our own. Earth is constantly changing, and NASA are working constantly to explore and understand the planet on scales from local to global. Though Earth science has been a key part of NASA’s mission since the agency was founded in 1958, this year has been one of the peaks. Two new Earth-observing satellites have already been launched and put to work: the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) and the Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2 (OCO-2). Three more missions are set to take off in the next six months: the wind-measuring ISS-RapidScat, the ISS Cloud-Aerosol Transport System (CATS), and the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP). And research planes have been flying over polar ice, hurricanes, boreal forests, and pollution plumes. All of these new efforts complement an existing fleet of Earth-observing satellites. In visible light and many invisible wavelengths, NASA and its science partners are observing the entire planet every day. The image above was captured on March 30, 2014, by the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) on the Suomi NPP satellite. The composite image of the eastern hemisphere was compiled from eight orbits of the satellite and ten imaging channels, then stitched together to blend the edges of each satellite pass. Read more: \u003Ca href=\"http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=84214&eocn=home&eoci=iotd_title\" rel=\"nofollow\">earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=84214&eocn...\u003C/a> NASA Earth Observatory image by Robert Simmon, using Suomi NPP VIIRS imagery from NOAA's Environmental Visualization Laboratory. Suomi NPP is the result of a partnership between NASA, NOAA and the Department of Defense. Caption by Mike Carlowicz. Credit: \u003Cb>\u003Ca href=\"http://www.earthobservatory.nasa.gov/\" rel=\"nofollow\"> NASA Earth Observatory\u003C/a>\u003C/b> \u003Cb>\u003Ca href=\"http://www.nasa.gov/audience/formedia/features/MP_Photo_Guidelines.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">NASA image use policy.\u003C/a>\u003C/b> \u003Cb>\u003Ca href=\"http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/home/index.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">NASA Goddard Space Flight Center\u003C/a>\u003C/b> enables NASA’s mission through four scientific endeavors: Earth Science, Heliophysics, Solar System Exploration, and Astrophysics. Goddard plays a leading role in NASA’s accomplishments by contributing compelling scientific knowledge to advance the Agency’s mission. \u003Cb>Follow us on \u003Ca href=\"http://twitter.com/NASAGoddardPix\" rel=\"nofollow\">Twitter\u003C/a>\u003C/b> \u003Cb>Like us on \u003Ca href=\"http://www.facebook.com/pages/Greenbelt-MD/NASA-Goddard/395013845897?ref=tsd\" rel=\"nofollow\">Facebook\u003C/a>\u003C/b> \u003Cb>Find us on \u003Ca href=\"http://instagram.com/nasagoddard?vm=grid\" rel=\"nofollow\">Instagram\u003C/a>\u003C/b>",{"x":268,"y":268},"https://science.nasa.gov/image-detail/amf-gsfc_20171208_archive_e001016/",1080,{"link_title":568,"link_text":569,"linkId":570,"link_image":572},"Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO)","GMAO members perform research, develop models and assimilation systems, and produce quasi-operational products in support of NASA's missions. The Goddard Earth Observing System\" (GEOS) family of models is used for applications across a wide range of spatial scales, from kilometers to many tens of kilometers. ",{"id":25,"title":25,"kind":25,"type":25,"url":571,"external":77,"target":513},"https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/",{"id":573,"url":574,"alt":16,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":254,"zoom":266,"focalPoint":575,"parallax":258,"detail_link":25,"contentType":58,"width":427,"height":427},26256,"https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/WeatherFocusGMAO.png?w=150&h=150&crop=1",{"x":268,"y":268},"Climate Data Resources",{"name":316,"attributes":578},{"align":68,"anchor":16,"description":579,"fit":254,"heading":580,"image":581,"linkId":591,"more_link":279,"show_caption":328,"show_credits":328,"subheading":16},"NASA Earth Observatory has produced a collection of image series that show some features of Earth that have changed over time due to both natural and human-induced causes.","World of Change",{"id":582,"url":583,"alt":584,"caption":585,"credits":586,"fit":323,"zoom":83,"focalPoint":587,"parallax":258,"detail_link":588,"contentType":58,"width":589,"height":590},256475,"https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/columbiaglacier653-oli-2019172.jpg?w=720","One branch of Alaska’s Columbia Glacier seems to have retreated as far as it can, while the other still has some distance to go.","This false-color image, captured by the Landsat 8 satellite, shows Alaska's Columbia Glacier and the surrounding landscape following the more than 20 kilometer retreat of the glacier between 1986 and 2019.","Credit: NASA Earth 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