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East Asian Canadians - Wikipedia

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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">East Asian Canadians</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:East_Asian_Canadians_by_census_division.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/East_Asian_Canadians_by_census_division.svg/220px-East_Asian_Canadians_by_census_division.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/East_Asian_Canadians_by_census_division.svg/330px-East_Asian_Canadians_by_census_division.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/East_Asian_Canadians_by_census_division.svg/440px-East_Asian_Canadians_by_census_division.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1032" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">East Asian ancestry&#160;% in Canada (2021)</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Total population</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b>2,288,775</b><sup id="cite_ref-population2021A_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2021A-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-population2021B_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2021B-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2021censusEastAsian_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021censusEastAsian-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-population_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><br /><b>6.3%</b> of the total Canadian population (2021)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ontario" title="Southern Ontario">Southern Ontario</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metro_Vancouver_Regional_District" title="Metro Vancouver Regional District">Metro Vancouver</a>, <a href="/wiki/Calgary%E2%80%93Edmonton_Corridor" title="Calgary–Edmonton Corridor">Central Alberta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Languages</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b><a href="/wiki/Canadian_English" title="Canadian English">Canadian English</a></b>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;<b><a href="/wiki/Canadian_French" title="Canadian French">Canadian French</a></b>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;<br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Mandarin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Mandarin language">Mandarin</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;<a href="/wiki/Cantonese_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Cantonese language">Cantonese</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;<a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;<a href="/wiki/Japanese_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese Language">Japanese</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;<a href="/wiki/Mongolian_language" title="Mongolian language">Mongolian</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;<a href="/wiki/Min_Nan_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Min Nan language">Min Nan</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;<a href="/wiki/Tibetic_languages" title="Tibetic languages">Tibetan</a><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_East_Asia" title="Languages of East Asia">Other East Asian Languages</a></i></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Religion</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;<a href="/wiki/Chinese_folk_religion" title="Chinese folk religion">Chinese folk religion</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;<a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;<a href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucianism</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;<a href="/wiki/Shintoism" class="mw-redirect" title="Shintoism">Shintoism</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;<a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoism</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;<a href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">Irreligion</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Related ethnic groups</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Asian_diaspora#East_Asian_diaspora" title="Asian diaspora">East Asian diaspora</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chinese_at_work_on_C.P.R._(Canadian_Pacific_Railway)_in_Mountains,_1884.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Chinese_at_work_on_C.P.R._%28Canadian_Pacific_Railway%29_in_Mountains%2C_1884.jpg/220px-Chinese_at_work_on_C.P.R._%28Canadian_Pacific_Railway%29_in_Mountains%2C_1884.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Chinese_at_work_on_C.P.R._%28Canadian_Pacific_Railway%29_in_Mountains%2C_1884.jpg/330px-Chinese_at_work_on_C.P.R._%28Canadian_Pacific_Railway%29_in_Mountains%2C_1884.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Chinese_at_work_on_C.P.R._%28Canadian_Pacific_Railway%29_in_Mountains%2C_1884.jpg/440px-Chinese_at_work_on_C.P.R._%28Canadian_Pacific_Railway%29_in_Mountains%2C_1884.jpg 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="449" /></a><figcaption>Chinese labourers working on the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Pacific_Railway" title="Canadian Pacific Railway">Canadian Pacific Railway</a>, 1884</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Founding_members_of_the_Canadian_Japanese_Association_at_the_Japanese_Canadian_War_Memorial.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Founding_members_of_the_Canadian_Japanese_Association_at_the_Japanese_Canadian_War_Memorial.jpeg/220px-Founding_members_of_the_Canadian_Japanese_Association_at_the_Japanese_Canadian_War_Memorial.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="316" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Founding_members_of_the_Canadian_Japanese_Association_at_the_Japanese_Canadian_War_Memorial.jpeg/330px-Founding_members_of_the_Canadian_Japanese_Association_at_the_Japanese_Canadian_War_Memorial.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Founding_members_of_the_Canadian_Japanese_Association_at_the_Japanese_Canadian_War_Memorial.jpeg/440px-Founding_members_of_the_Canadian_Japanese_Association_at_the_Japanese_Canadian_War_Memorial.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1104" data-file-height="1588" /></a><figcaption>Founding members of the Canadian Japanese Association at the Japanese Canadian War Memorial in Vancouver, 1920.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>East Asian Canadians</b> are <a href="/wiki/Canadians" title="Canadians">Canadians</a> who were either born in or can trace their <a href="/wiki/Ancestor" title="Ancestor">ancestry</a> to <a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East Asia</a>. East Asian Canadians are also a subgroup of <a href="/wiki/Asian_Canadians" title="Asian Canadians">Asian Canadians</a>. According to <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Canada" title="Statistics Canada">Statistics Canada</a>, East Asian Canadians are considered <a href="/wiki/Visible_minority" title="Visible minority">visible minorities</a> and can be further divided by on the basis of both ethnicity and nationality, such as <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Canadians" title="Chinese Canadians">Chinese Canadian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Canadians" title="Hong Kong Canadians">Hong Kong Canadian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Canadians" title="Japanese Canadians">Japanese Canadian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Korean_Canadians" title="Korean Canadians">Korean Canadian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Canadians" title="Mongolian Canadians">Mongolian Canadian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Canadians" title="Taiwanese Canadians">Taiwanese Canadian</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Canadians" title="Tibetan Canadians">Tibetan Canadian</a>, as seen on demi-decadal <a href="/wiki/Census_in_Canada" title="Census in Canada">census data</a>. </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/2021_Canadian_census" title="2021 Canadian census">2021 Canadian census</a>, 2,288,775 Canadians had trace their ancestry to East Asia, constituting 6.3&#160;percent of the total population and 31.2&#160;percent of the total Asian Canadian population.<sup id="cite_ref-population2021A_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2021A-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-population2021B_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2021B-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2021censusEastAsian_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021censusEastAsian-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-population_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Additionally as of 2021, East Asians comprise the third largest <a href="/wiki/Panethnicity" title="Panethnicity">pan-ethnic</a> group in Canada after <a href="/wiki/European_Canadians" title="European Canadians">Europeans</a> (69.8&#160;percent)<sup id="cite_ref-2021CensusReport_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021CensusReport-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Canadians" title="South Asian Canadians">South Asians</a> (7.1&#160;percent).<sup id="cite_ref-population2021B_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2021B-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Terminology">Terminology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Asian_Canadians&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Terminology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For Canadian government census purposes and contemporary Canadian parlance, East Asian Canadians are typically identified and referred under the term "Asian"; popular usage of this term in Canada generally excludes both <a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Canadians" title="South Asian Canadians">South</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Asian_Canadians" title="West Asian Canadians">West Asians</a>, both groups with ancestral origins in the Middle East and in the Indian subcontinent respectively, and instead solely referring to individuals who trace their ancestry to the East Asian mainland. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Asian_Canadians&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">East Asian Canadian<br />Population History<sup id="cite_ref-population_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2001</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,314,225</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2006</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,628,260</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+23.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2011</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,817,590</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+11.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2016</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">2,148,230</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+18.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2021</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">2,288,775<sup id="cite_ref-2021censusEastAsian_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021censusEastAsian-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+6.5%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left"><i>Source: <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Canada" title="Statistics Canada">Statistics Canada</a></i><br /><sup id="cite_ref-population2021A_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2021A-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-population2021B_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2021B-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-population2016_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2016-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-population2011_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2011-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-population2006_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2006-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-population2001_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2001-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="18th_century">18th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Asian_Canadians&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: 18th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first record of <a href="/wiki/East_Asian_people" title="East Asian people">East Asians</a> in what is known as Canada today can be dated back to 1788 when renegade British Captain <a href="/wiki/John_Meares" title="John Meares">John Meares</a> hired a group of Chinese carpenters from Macau and employed them to build a ship at <a href="/wiki/Nootka_Sound" title="Nootka Sound">Nootka Sound</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Island" title="Vancouver Island">Vancouver Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia" title="British Columbia">British Columbia</a>. After the outpost was seized by Spanish forces, the eventual whereabouts of the carpenters was largely unknown. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19th_century">19th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Asian_Canadians&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: 19th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the mid-late 19th century, early settlers from East Asia, namely China and Japan, emigrated to Canada, predominantly settling in the province of British Columbia. </p><p>During the mid-19th century, many Chinese arrived to take part in the <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia_gold_rushes" title="British Columbia gold rushes">British Columbia gold rushes</a>. Beginning in 1858, early settlers formed <a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Victoria" title="Chinatown, Victoria">Victoria's Chinatown</a> and other Chinese communities in <a href="/wiki/New_Westminster" title="New Westminster">New Westminster</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yale,_British_Columbia" title="Yale, British Columbia">Yale</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lillooet" title="Lillooet">Lillooet</a>. Estimates indicate that about 1/3 of the non-native population of the Fraser goldfields was Chinese.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Later, the construction of the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Pacific_Railway" title="Canadian Pacific Railway">Canadian Pacific Railway</a> prompted another wave of immigration from China. Mainly hailing from <a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a>, the Chinese helped build the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Pacific_Railway" title="Canadian Pacific Railway">Canadian Pacific Railway</a> through the <a href="/wiki/Fraser_Canyon" title="Fraser Canyon">Fraser Canyon</a>. </p><p>Many <a href="/wiki/Japanese_people" title="Japanese people">Japanese</a> people also arrived in Canada during the mid to late 19th century and became fishermen and merchants in British Columbia. Early immigrants from Japan most notably worked in canneries such as <a href="/wiki/Steveston,_British_Columbia" title="Steveston, British Columbia">Steveston</a> along the pacific coast. </p><p>By 1884, <a href="/wiki/Nanaimo" title="Nanaimo">Nanaimo</a>, New Westminster, Yale, and <a href="/wiki/Victoria,_British_Columbia" title="Victoria, British Columbia">Victoria</a> had the largest Chinese populations in the province. Other settlements such as <a href="/wiki/Quesnelle_Forks" class="mw-redirect" title="Quesnelle Forks">Quesnelle Forks</a> were majority Chinese and many early immigrants from there settled on Vancouver Island, most notably in <a href="/wiki/Cumberland,_British_Columbia" title="Cumberland, British Columbia">Cumberland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-LimIPacEntryp15_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LimIPacEntryp15-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In addition to work on the railway, most Chinese in the late 19th century British Columbia lived among other Chinese and worked in market gardens, coal mines, sawmills, and salmon canneries.<sup id="cite_ref-HarrisCp145_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HarrisCp145-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1885, soon after the construction on the railway was completed, the federal government passed the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Immigration_Act_of_1885" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Immigration Act of 1885">Chinese Immigration Act</a>, whereby the government began to charge a substantial <a href="/wiki/Tax_per_head" class="mw-redirect" title="Tax per head">head tax</a> for each Chinese person trying to immigrate to Canada. A decade later, the fear of the "<a href="/wiki/Yellow_Peril" title="Yellow Peril">Yellow Peril</a>" prompted the government of <a href="/wiki/Mackenzie_Bowell" title="Mackenzie Bowell">Mackenzie Bowell</a> to pass an act forbidding any East Asian Canadian from voting or holding office.<sup id="cite_ref-Maclean&#39;s_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Maclean&#39;s-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many Chinese workers settled in Canada after the railway was constructed, however most could not bring the rest of their families, including immediate relatives, due to government restrictions and enormous processing fees. They established <a href="/wiki/Chinatown" title="Chinatown">Chinatowns</a> and societies in undesirable sections of the cities, such as East Pender Street in Vancouver, which had been the focus of the early city's red-light district until Chinese merchants took over the area from the 1890s onwards.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Asian_Canadians&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Immigration restrictions stemming from <a href="/wiki/Asiatic_Exclusion_League" title="Asiatic Exclusion League">anti-East Asian sentiment in Canada</a> continued during the early 20th century. Parliament voted to increase the Chinese <a href="/wiki/Chinese_head_tax_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese head tax in Canada">head tax</a> to $500 in 1902; this temporarily caused Chinese immigration to Canada to stop. However, in following years, Chinese immigration to Canada recommenced as many saved up money to pay the head tax. </p><p>Heightened anti-East Asian sentiment resulted in the infamous <a href="/wiki/Anti-Oriental_riots_(Vancouver)" title="Anti-Oriental riots (Vancouver)">anti-East Asian pogrom in Vancouver</a> in 1907. Spurred by similar <a href="/wiki/Bellingham_riots" class="mw-redirect" title="Bellingham riots">riots in Bellingham</a> targeting Punjabi Sikh South Asian settlers, the <a href="/wiki/Asiatic_Exclusion_League" title="Asiatic Exclusion League">Asiatic Exclusion League</a> organized attacks against homes and businesses owned by East Asian immigrants under the slogan "White Canada Forever!"; though no one was killed, much property damage was done and numerous East Asian Canadians, namely Chinese and Japanese Canadians were beaten up. </p><p>In 1923, the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Canada" title="Government of Canada">federal government</a> passed the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Immigration_Act_of_1923" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Immigration Act of 1923">Chinese Immigration Act of 1923</a>, which banned all Chinese immigration, and led to immigration restrictions for all East Asians. In 1947, the act was repealed. </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/1931_Canadian_census" title="1931 Canadian census">1931 Canadian census</a>, subdivisions including <a href="/wiki/Richmond,_British_Columbia" title="Richmond, British Columbia">Richmond</a> (East Asians formed 40 percent of the total population), <a href="/wiki/Skeena_Country" title="Skeena Country">Skeena</a> <a href="/wiki/North_Coast_Regional_District" title="North Coast Regional District">Coast</a> (37 percent), <a href="/wiki/Fraser_Mills" title="Fraser Mills">Fraser Mills</a> (34 percent), <a href="/wiki/Cumberland,_British_Columbia" title="Cumberland, British Columbia">Cumberland</a> (32 percent), <a href="/wiki/Maple_Ridge,_British_Columbia" title="Maple Ridge, British Columbia">Maple Ridge</a> (27 percent), West <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Island" title="Vancouver Island">Vancouver Island</a> (27 percent), <a href="/wiki/Mission,_British_Columbia" title="Mission, British Columbia">Mission</a> (24 percent), <a href="/wiki/Bella_Coola,_British_Columbia" title="Bella Coola, British Columbia">Bella Coola</a> Coast (24 percent), <a href="/wiki/Duncan,_British_Columbia" title="Duncan, British Columbia">Duncan</a> (18 percent), and <a href="/wiki/Pitt_Meadows" title="Pitt Meadows">Pitt Meadows</a> (17 percent) had the largest East Asian concentrations in British Columbia.<sup id="cite_ref-population1931_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population1931-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 482">&#58;&#8202;482&#8202;</span></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>East Asian Canadian Population in British Columbia (<a href="/wiki/1931_Canadian_census" title="1931 Canadian census">1931 census</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-population1931_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population1931-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 482">&#58;&#8202;482&#8202;</span></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Census_geographic_units_of_Canada#Census_subdivisions" title="Census geographic units of Canada">Subdivision</a> </th> <th rowspan="2">Type </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Population" title="Population">Population</a> </th> <th>Percentage </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a> </td> <td>21,339 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000865353031107939♠" style="display:none"></span>8.65% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Victoria,_British_Columbia" title="Victoria, British Columbia">Victoria</a> </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>3,999 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001102323320198556♠" style="display:none"></span>10.23% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_British_Columbia" title="Richmond, British Columbia">Richmond</a> </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>3,262 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001398680029332681♠" style="display:none"></span>39.87% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maple_Ridge,_British_Columbia" title="Maple Ridge, British Columbia">Maple Ridge</a> </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>1,351 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001273925385239253♠" style="display:none"></span>27.39% </td></tr> <tr> <td>South <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Island" title="Vancouver Island">Vancouver Island</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rural_area" title="Rural area">Rural</a> </td> <td>1,315 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000855674128058303♠" style="display:none"></span>8.56% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Westminster" title="New Westminster">New Westminster</a> </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>1,200 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000684775165487331♠" style="display:none"></span>6.85% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Skeena_Country" title="Skeena Country">Skeena</a> Coast </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>955 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001369582043343653♠" style="display:none"></span>36.96% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mission,_British_Columbia" title="Mission, British Columbia">Mission</a> </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>868 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001241580851655997♠" style="display:none"></span>24.16% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bella_Coola,_British_Columbia" title="Bella Coola, British Columbia">Bella Coola</a> Coast </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>865 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001241148592138277♠" style="display:none"></span>24.11% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Okanagan" title="North Okanagan">Upper Okanagan</a> &amp; <a href="/wiki/Shuswap_Country" title="Shuswap Country">Shuswap</a> </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>809 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000916610015862225♠" style="display:none"></span>9.17% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cumberland,_British_Columbia" title="Cumberland, British Columbia">Cumberland</a> </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>769 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001324335723323492♠" style="display:none"></span>32.43% </td></tr> <tr> <td>West <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Island" title="Vancouver Island">Vancouver Island</a> </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>614 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001269180184129767♠" style="display:none"></span>26.92% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Surrey,_British_Columbia" title="Surrey, British Columbia">Surrey</a> </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>596 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000710538865045302♠" style="display:none"></span>7.11% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Delta,_British_Columbia" title="Delta, British Columbia">Delta</a> </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>567 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001152871393906713♠" style="display:none"></span>15.29% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Howe Sound </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>529 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001109614587650227♠" style="display:none"></span>10.96% </td></tr> <tr> <td>South East Coast <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Island" title="Vancouver Island">Vancouver Island</a> </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>523 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000981422405704635♠" style="display:none"></span>9.81% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nicola_Country" title="Nicola Country">Nicola</a> </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>475 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000825512686826555♠" style="display:none"></span>8.26% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Cowichan" title="North Cowichan">North Cowichan</a> </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>449 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001136432695229413♠" style="display:none"></span>13.64% </td></tr> <tr> <td>North East Coast <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Island" title="Vancouver Island">Vancouver Island</a> </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>442 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000608312689237544♠" style="display:none"></span>6.08% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Saanich,_British_Columbia" title="Saanich, British Columbia">Saanich</a> </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>432 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000333127698951264♠" style="display:none"></span>3.33% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nanaimo" title="Nanaimo">Nanaimo</a> </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>420 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000648648648648648♠" style="display:none"></span>6.49% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Prince_Rupert,_British_Columbia" title="Prince Rupert, British Columbia">Prince Rupert</a> </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>390 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000614173228346456♠" style="display:none"></span>6.14% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Duncan,_British_Columbia" title="Duncan, British Columbia">Duncan</a> </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>337 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001182854042322300♠" style="display:none"></span>18.29% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kamloops" title="Kamloops">Kamloops</a> </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>329 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000533484676503972♠" style="display:none"></span>5.33% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kelowna" title="Kelowna">Kelowna</a> </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>322 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000691729323308270♠" style="display:none"></span>6.92% </td></tr> <tr> <td>North <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Island" title="Vancouver Island">Vancouver Island</a> </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>279 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001110846245530393♠" style="display:none"></span>11.08% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Burnaby" title="Burnaby">Burnaby</a> </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>266 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000104052573932092♠" style="display:none"></span>1.04% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Salt_Spring_Island" title="Salt Spring Island">Saltspring</a> &amp; <a href="/wiki/Gulf_Islands" title="Gulf Islands">Islands</a> </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>266 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000965166908563134♠" style="display:none"></span>9.65% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Knight_Inlet" title="Knight Inlet">Knight Inlet Coast</a> </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>228 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001171816126601356♠" style="display:none"></span>17.18% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vernon,_British_Columbia" title="Vernon, British Columbia">Vernon</a> </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>218 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000553721107442214♠" style="display:none"></span>5.54% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Port_Alberni" title="Port Alberni">Port Alberni</a> </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>217 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000921052631578947♠" style="display:none"></span>9.21% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fraser_Mills" title="Fraser Mills">Fraser Mills</a> </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>210 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001340909090909090♠" style="display:none"></span>34.09% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/District_of_Matsqui" title="District of Matsqui">Matsqui</a> </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>200 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000521512385919165♠" style="display:none"></span>5.22% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Powell_River,_British_Columbia" title="Powell River, British Columbia">Powell River</a> <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_Coast,_British_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunshine Coast, British Columbia">Coast</a> </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>195 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000321146245059288♠" style="display:none"></span>3.21% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nelson,_British_Columbia" title="Nelson, British Columbia">Nelson</a> </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>176 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000293724966622162♠" style="display:none"></span>2.94% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Coquitlam" title="Coquitlam">Coquitlam</a> </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>175 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000359269143912954♠" style="display:none"></span>3.59% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Upper Kootenay River </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>173 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000227272727272727♠" style="display:none"></span>2.27% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Portland Canal-Nass </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>167 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000618060695780903♠" style="display:none"></span>6.18% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Similkameen River </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>154 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000247628236050812♠" style="display:none"></span>2.48% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Lower Fraser Valley </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>151 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000319576719576719♠" style="display:none"></span>3.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Port Moody </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>155 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001123015873015873♠" style="display:none"></span>12.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cranbrook </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>147 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000479295728725138♠" style="display:none"></span>4.79% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pitt Meadows </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>145 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001174278846153846♠" style="display:none"></span>17.43% </td></tr> <tr> <td>North Vancouver </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>126 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000263157894736842♠" style="display:none"></span>2.63% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Chilliwack </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>119 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000205101689072733♠" style="display:none"></span>2.05% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Armstrong </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>107 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001108190091001011♠" style="display:none"></span>10.82% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Revelstoke </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>106 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000387426900584795♠" style="display:none"></span>3.87% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Trail </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>102 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000134689026805757♠" style="display:none"></span>1.35% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Upper Columbia River </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>93 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000234493192133131♠" style="display:none"></span>2.34% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kootenay &amp; Slocan Lakes </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>91 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999951285803888772♠" style="display:none"></span>0.95% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Summerland </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>88 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000491345616973757♠" style="display:none"></span>4.91% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Langley </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>86 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000155318764674011♠" style="display:none"></span>1.55% </td></tr> <tr> <td>West Vancouver </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>86 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000179690764730463♠" style="display:none"></span>1.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td>University Endowment Area </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>83 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001144347826086956♠" style="display:none"></span>14.43% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Coldstream </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>78 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000899653979238754♠" style="display:none"></span>9% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Prince George </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>77 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000310609116579265♠" style="display:none"></span>3.11% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cariboo </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>75 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000397035468501852♠" style="display:none"></span>3.97% </td></tr> <tr> <td>North Thompson </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>74 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000324276950043821♠" style="display:none"></span>3.24% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Oak Bay </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>73 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000123896809232858♠" style="display:none"></span>1.24% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Chilliwack </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>68 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000276310442909386♠" style="display:none"></span>2.76% </td></tr> <tr> <td>North Columbia River </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>65 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000339780449555671♠" style="display:none"></span>3.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bridge-Lillooet </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>62 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000339168490153172♠" style="display:none"></span>3.39% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Shuswap </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>62 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000136173951240940♠" style="display:none"></span>1.36% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Penticton </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>60 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000129310344827586♠" style="display:none"></span>1.29% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spallumcheen </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>52 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000319214241866175♠" style="display:none"></span>3.19% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Merritt </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>48 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000370370370370370♠" style="display:none"></span>3.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Skeena-Bulkley </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>42 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000161414296694850♠" style="display:none"></span>1.61% </td></tr> <tr> <td>North Vancouver </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>39 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999458284371327849♠" style="display:none"></span>0.46% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Quesnel </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>39 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000874439461883408♠" style="display:none"></span>8.74% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kent </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>35 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000289975144987572♠" style="display:none"></span>2.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Elk &amp; Flathead Rivers </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>35 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999727046115496468♠" style="display:none"></span>0.73% </td></tr> <tr> <td>South Columbia River </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>34 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999468319559228650♠" style="display:none"></span>0.47% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Rossland </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>33 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000115870786516853♠" style="display:none"></span>1.16% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Salmon Arm </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>33 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000397590361445783♠" style="display:none"></span>3.98% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kaslo </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>32 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000611854684512428♠" style="display:none"></span>6.12% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Port Coquitlam </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>32 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000243902439024390♠" style="display:none"></span>2.44% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kettle River </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>27 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999810081008100810♠" style="display:none"></span>0.81% </td></tr> <tr> <td>North Coast </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>27 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000888157894736842♠" style="display:none"></span>8.88% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Courtenay </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>26 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000213289581624282♠" style="display:none"></span>2.13% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fernie </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>25 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999915080527086383♠" style="display:none"></span>0.92% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Queen Charlotte Islands </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>25 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000268817204301075♠" style="display:none"></span>2.69% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Salmon Arm </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>25 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000149611011370436♠" style="display:none"></span>1.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Smithers </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>25 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000250250250250250♠" style="display:none"></span>2.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Esquimalt </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>23 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999702504581551618♠" style="display:none"></span>0.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td>South Chilcotin </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>20 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000877192982456140♠" style="display:none"></span>8.77% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ladysmith </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>18 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000124740124740124♠" style="display:none"></span>1.25% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kiskatinaw River </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>15 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999323415265200517♠" style="display:none"></span>0.32% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sumas </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>15 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999827814569536423♠" style="display:none"></span>0.83% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Glenmore </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>14 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000462046204620462♠" style="display:none"></span>4.62% </td></tr> <tr> <td>North Chilcotin </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>14 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000197740112994350♠" style="display:none"></span>1.98% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Nechako-Fraser-Parsnip </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>12 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999456794822992006♠" style="display:none"></span>0.46% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Abbotsford </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>10 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000196078431372549♠" style="display:none"></span>1.96% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Creston </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>10 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000143884892086330♠" style="display:none"></span>1.44% </td></tr> <tr> <td>East Lillooet </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>10 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999995024875621890♠" style="display:none"></span>1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Grand Forks </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>10 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999770416024653312♠" style="display:none"></span>0.77% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Hope </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>9 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000240641711229946♠" style="display:none"></span>2.41% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Enderby </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>8 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000144144144144144♠" style="display:none"></span>1.44% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Terrace </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>8 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000227272727272727♠" style="display:none"></span>2.27% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Williams Lake </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>8 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000199004975124378♠" style="display:none"></span>1.99% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Alberni </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>7 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999997150997150997♠" style="display:none"></span>1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Stikine-Liard </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>7 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000233333333333333♠" style="display:none"></span>2.33% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Atlin Lake </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>5 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000101832993890020♠" style="display:none"></span>1.02% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Burns Lake </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>5 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000247524752475247♠" style="display:none"></span>2.48% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fraser-Canoe </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>5 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999208768267223382♠" style="display:none"></span>0.21% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Vanderhoof </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>5 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000163934426229508♠" style="display:none"></span>1.64% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Upper Nechako </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>3 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999156250000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0.16% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Babine-Stuart-Takla Lakes </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>2 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999320000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0.32% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Beaton River </td> <td>Rural </td> <td>2 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999116822429906542♠" style="display:none"></span>0.12% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Silverton </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>2 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999735294117647058♠" style="display:none"></span>0.74% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tadanac </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>2 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999431034482758620♠" style="display:none"></span>0.43% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Greenwood </td> <td>Urban </td> <td>1 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999584795321637426♠" style="display:none"></span>0.58% </td></tr> <tr> <th>British Columbia </th> <th>Total </th> <th>49,344 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7000710739301964817♠" style="display:none"></span>7.11% </th></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> prompted the federal government used the <a href="/wiki/War_Measures_Act" title="War Measures Act">War Measures Act</a> to brand Japanese Canadians enemy aliens and categorized them as security threats in 1942. Tens of thousands of Japanese Canadians were placed in internment camps in British Columbia; prison of war camps in Ontario; and families were also sent as forced labourers to farms throughout the prairies. By 1943, all properties owned by Japanese Canadians in British Columbia were seized and sold without consent. </p><p>Unlike <a href="/wiki/Korean_Americans" title="Korean Americans">Korean Americans</a> who have relatively much longer history settling in the United States, very few settled in Canada; as late as 1965, the total permanent Korean population of Canada was estimated at only 70.<sup id="cite_ref-Yoon-17_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yoon-17-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> However, with the 1966 reform of <a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Canada" title="Immigration to Canada">Canadian immigration</a> laws, South Korean immigration to Canada began to grow.<sup id="cite_ref-Yoon-17_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yoon-17-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> By 1969, there were an estimated 2000 Koreans in Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the late 1990s, <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> became the fifth-largest source of immigrants to Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a> has the country's largest absolute number of Koreans, but <a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a> is experiencing the highest rate of growth in its Korean population, with a 69% increase since 1996. <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a> was the third most popular destination for Korean migrants during this period.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The 1990s growth in South Korean migration to Canada occurred at a time when Canadian unemployment was high and income growth was low relative to the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> One pair of researchers demonstrated that numbers of migrants were correlated with the exchange rate; the weakness of the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_dollar" title="Canadian dollar">Canadian dollar</a> relative to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">United States dollar</a> meant that South Korean migrants bringing savings to Canada for investment would be relatively richer than <a href="/wiki/Korean_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean American">those going to the United States</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Other factors suggested as drivers behind the growth of South Korean immigration to Canada included domestic anti-Americanism and the large presence of Canadian <a href="/wiki/English_language_learning_and_teaching" class="mw-redirect" title="English language learning and teaching">English teachers</a> in local <i><a href="/wiki/Hagwon" title="Hagwon">hagwon</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>When <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> reverted to mainland Chinese rule, people emigrated and found new homes in Canada. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demography">Demography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Asian_Canadians&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Demography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ethnic_and_national_origins">Ethnic and national origins</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Asian_Canadians&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Ethnic and national origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>East Asian Canadians Demography by Ethnic and National Origins (2001−2021) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Ethnic/National<br />Origins </th> <th colspan="2">2021<sup id="cite_ref-population2021A_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2021A-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-population2021B_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2021B-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">2016<sup id="cite_ref-population2016_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2016-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">2011<sup id="cite_ref-population2011_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2011-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">2006<sup id="cite_ref-population2006_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2006-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">2001<sup id="cite_ref-population2001_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2001-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Population" title="Population"><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr></a> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Canadians" title="Chinese Canadians">Chinese</a> </td> <td>1,715,770 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001749645552752018♠" style="display:none"></span>74.96% </td> <td>1,769,195<sup>1</sup> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001823868121121808♠" style="display:none"></span>82.39% </td> <td>1,487,580<sup>1</sup> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001818809308879543♠" style="display:none"></span>81.88% </td> <td>1,346,510<sup>1</sup> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001827376654817828♠" style="display:none"></span>82.74% </td> <td>1,094,700<sup>1</sup> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001833339677078020♠" style="display:none"></span>83.33% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Korean_Canadians" title="Korean Canadians">Korean</a> </td> <td>218,140 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000953086257932736♠" style="display:none"></span>9.53% </td> <td>198,210 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000923012445137781♠" style="display:none"></span>9.23% </td> <td>168,890 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000929621964376142♠" style="display:none"></span>9.3% </td> <td>146,545 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000900460537836916♠" style="display:none"></span>9% </td> <td>101,715 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000774304789019739♠" style="display:none"></span>7.74% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Canadians" title="Japanese Canadians">Japanese</a> </td> <td>129,425 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000565477165732761♠" style="display:none"></span>5.65% </td> <td>121,485 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000565724064868388♠" style="display:none"></span>5.66% </td> <td>109,740 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000604042361126400♠" style="display:none"></span>6.04% </td> <td>98,905 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000607731751303423♠" style="display:none"></span>6.08% </td> <td>85,230 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000648812831619253♠" style="display:none"></span>6.49% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Canadians" title="Hong Kong Canadians">Hong Kong</a> </td> <td>81,680 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000356872125918886♠" style="display:none"></span>3.57% </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Canadians" title="Taiwanese Canadians">Taiwanese</a> </td> <td>64,020 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000279712946882065♠" style="display:none"></span>2.8% </td> <td>36,515 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000170040862893931♠" style="display:none"></span>1.7% </td> <td>30,330 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000166945551421211♠" style="display:none"></span>1.67% </td> <td>17,705 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000108790158807210♠" style="display:none"></span>1.09% </td> <td>18,080 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000137633884731621♠" style="display:none"></span>1.38% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Canadians" title="Tibetan Canadians">Tibetan</a> </td> <td>9,350 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999408515472250439♠" style="display:none"></span>0.41% </td> <td>8,040 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999374401899949940♠" style="display:none"></span>0.37% </td> <td>5,820 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999320350514102027♠" style="display:none"></span>0.32% </td> <td>4,275 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999262681688167649♠" style="display:none"></span>0.26% </td> <td>1,425 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999108478034149646♠" style="display:none"></span>0.11% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Canadians" title="Mongolian Canadians">Mongolian</a> </td> <td>9,090 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999397155683717272♠" style="display:none"></span>0.4% </td> <td>7,475 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999348091318672363♠" style="display:none"></span>0.35% </td> <td>5,355 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999294755498800061♠" style="display:none"></span>0.29% </td> <td>3,960 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999243326195355296♠" style="display:none"></span>0.24% </td> <td>1,675 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999127509268210987♠" style="display:none"></span>0.13% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other <a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East<br />Asian</a> Origins </td> <td>61,300 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000267828860416598♠" style="display:none"></span>2.68% </td> <td>6,505 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999302920940195815♠" style="display:none"></span>0.3% </td> <td>9,045 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999497864329905986♠" style="display:none"></span>0.5% </td> <td>9,545 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999586502155218763♠" style="display:none"></span>0.59% </td> <td>10,805 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999822529936131178♠" style="display:none"></span>0.82% </td></tr> <tr> <th>Total East Asian<br />Canadian Population<sup id="cite_ref-population_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2,288,775 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th> <th>2,147,425 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th> <th>1,816,760 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th> <th>1,627,445 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th> <th>1,313,630 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="9"><sup>1</sup>Including <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Canadians" title="Hong Kong Canadians">Hong Kong Canadians</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geographical_distribution">Geographical distribution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Asian_Canadians&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: Geographical distribution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Provinces_and_territories">Provinces and territories</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Asian_Canadians&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: Provinces and territories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>East Asian Canadians by <a href="/wiki/Provinces_and_territories_of_Canada" title="Provinces and territories of Canada">province and territory</a> (2001−2016)<sup id="cite_ref-population_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_and_territories_of_Canada" title="Provinces and territories of Canada">Province</a> </th> <th colspan="2">2016<sup id="cite_ref-population2016_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2016-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">2011<sup id="cite_ref-population2011_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2011-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">2006<sup id="cite_ref-population2006_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2006-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">2001<sup id="cite_ref-population2001_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2001-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Population" title="Population"><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr></a> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Ontario.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/40px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> </td> <td>1,008,780 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000761794148386668♠" style="display:none"></span>7.62% </td> <td>855,280 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000676015014476212♠" style="display:none"></span>6.76% </td> <td>767,160 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000637764316672479♠" style="display:none"></span>6.38% </td> <td>614,915 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000544869565448545♠" style="display:none"></span>5.45% </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_British_Columbia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_British_Columbia.svg/20px-Flag_of_British_Columbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_British_Columbia.svg/30px-Flag_of_British_Columbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_British_Columbia.svg/40px-Flag_of_British_Columbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia" title="British Columbia">British Columbia</a> </td> <td>679,015 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001148898961458168♠" style="display:none"></span>14.89% </td> <td>586,545 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001135634432546991♠" style="display:none"></span>13.56% </td> <td>539,350 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001132375806410047♠" style="display:none"></span>13.24% </td> <td>457,555 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001118265645698038♠" style="display:none"></span>11.83% </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Alberta.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Alberta.svg/20px-Flag_of_Alberta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Alberta.svg/30px-Flag_of_Alberta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Alberta.svg/40px-Flag_of_Alberta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Alberta" title="Alberta">Alberta</a> </td> <td>232,535 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000584530497844475♠" style="display:none"></span>5.85% </td> <td>191,305 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000536172478786987♠" style="display:none"></span>5.36% </td> <td>166,105 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000510094876019352♠" style="display:none"></span>5.1% </td> <td>129,590 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000440609965489689♠" style="display:none"></span>4.41% </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Quebec.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Flag_of_Quebec.svg/20px-Flag_of_Quebec.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Flag_of_Quebec.svg/30px-Flag_of_Quebec.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Flag_of_Quebec.svg/40px-Flag_of_Quebec.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a> </td> <td>140,235 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000176054083573432♠" style="display:none"></span>1.76% </td> <td>117,580 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000152059095870427♠" style="display:none"></span>1.52% </td> <td>105,245 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000141536235333829♠" style="display:none"></span>1.42% </td> <td>74,015 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000103872246189082♠" style="display:none"></span>1.04% </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Manitoba.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Manitoba.svg/20px-Flag_of_Manitoba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Manitoba.svg/30px-Flag_of_Manitoba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Manitoba.svg/40px-Flag_of_Manitoba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Manitoba" title="Manitoba">Manitoba</a> </td> <td>37,825 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000304868219553477♠" style="display:none"></span>3.05% </td> <td>29,000 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000246946169992634♠" style="display:none"></span>2.47% </td> <td>23,200 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000204673074463064♠" style="display:none"></span>2.05% </td> <td>17,550 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000159011321062431♠" style="display:none"></span>1.59% </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Saskatchewan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_Saskatchewan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Saskatchewan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_Saskatchewan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Saskatchewan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_Saskatchewan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Saskatchewan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="992" data-file-height="496" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Saskatchewan" title="Saskatchewan">Saskatchewan</a> </td> <td>22,950 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000214373785682259♠" style="display:none"></span>2.14% </td> <td>17,150 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000170010706213569♠" style="display:none"></span>1.7% </td> <td>12,775 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000133930911568904♠" style="display:none"></span>1.34% </td> <td>10,815 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000112287805637751♠" style="display:none"></span>1.12% </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Nova_Scotia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Nova_Scotia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Nova_Scotia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Nova_Scotia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Nova_Scotia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Nova_Scotia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Nova_Scotia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia" title="Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a> </td> <td>12,570 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000138384305436290♠" style="display:none"></span>1.38% </td> <td>9,045 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999998157078693843♠" style="display:none"></span>1% </td> <td>6,720 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999744111882536624♠" style="display:none"></span>0.74% </td> <td>4,895 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999545364402578086♠" style="display:none"></span>0.55% </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_New_Brunswick.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_New_Brunswick.svg/20px-Flag_of_New_Brunswick.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_New_Brunswick.svg/30px-Flag_of_New_Brunswick.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_New_Brunswick.svg/40px-Flag_of_New_Brunswick.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick" title="New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a> </td> <td>6,585 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999901178306031120♠" style="display:none"></span>0.9% </td> <td>5,345 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999726385670700632♠" style="display:none"></span>0.73% </td> <td>3,960 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999550267491141527♠" style="display:none"></span>0.55% </td> <td>2,430 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999337635992274666♠" style="display:none"></span>0.34% </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Newfoundland_and_Labrador.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Newfoundland_and_Labrador.svg/20px-Flag_of_Newfoundland_and_Labrador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Newfoundland_and_Labrador.svg/30px-Flag_of_Newfoundland_and_Labrador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Newfoundland_and_Labrador.svg/40px-Flag_of_Newfoundland_and_Labrador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="Newfoundland and Labrador">Newfoundland and Labrador</a> </td> <td>2,970 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999579795021961932♠" style="display:none"></span>0.58% </td> <td>2,275 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999448483534247385♠" style="display:none"></span>0.45% </td> <td>1,930 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999385529653822336♠" style="display:none"></span>0.39% </td> <td>1,260 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999247994882645278♠" style="display:none"></span>0.25% </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Prince_Edward_Island.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Flag_of_Prince_Edward_Island.svg/20px-Flag_of_Prince_Edward_Island.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Flag_of_Prince_Edward_Island.svg/30px-Flag_of_Prince_Edward_Island.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Flag_of_Prince_Edward_Island.svg/40px-Flag_of_Prince_Edward_Island.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1751" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward_Island" title="Prince Edward Island">Prince Edward Island</a> </td> <td>3,105 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000222285857465010♠" style="display:none"></span>2.22% </td> <td>2,385 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000173612374886260♠" style="display:none"></span>1.74% </td> <td>475 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999353936142468611♠" style="display:none"></span>0.35% </td> <td>305 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999228661393709937♠" style="display:none"></span>0.23% </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Northwest_Territories.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_the_Northwest_Territories.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Northwest_Territories.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_the_Northwest_Territories.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Northwest_Territories.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_the_Northwest_Territories.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Northwest_Territories.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Northwest_Territories" title="Northwest Territories">Northwest Territories</a> </td> <td>715 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000173817916616020♠" style="display:none"></span>1.74% </td> <td>620 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000151960784313725♠" style="display:none"></span>1.52% </td> <td>530 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000129095116307392♠" style="display:none"></span>1.29% </td> <td>410 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000110497237569060♠" style="display:none"></span>1.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Yukon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Yukon.svg/20px-Flag_of_Yukon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Yukon.svg/30px-Flag_of_Yukon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Yukon.svg/40px-Flag_of_Yukon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="1400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Yukon" title="Yukon">Yukon</a> </td> <td>825 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000234975790373113♠" style="display:none"></span>2.35% </td> <td>920 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000276110444177671♠" style="display:none"></span>2.76% </td> <td>650 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000215267428382182♠" style="display:none"></span>2.15% </td> <td>365 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000127957931638913♠" style="display:none"></span>1.28% </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Nunavut.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Flag_of_Nunavut.svg/20px-Flag_of_Nunavut.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Flag_of_Nunavut.svg/30px-Flag_of_Nunavut.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Flag_of_Nunavut.svg/40px-Flag_of_Nunavut.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="675" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Nunavut" title="Nunavut">Nunavut</a> </td> <td>150 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999421585160202360♠" style="display:none"></span>0.42% </td> <td>110 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999347057895567124♠" style="display:none"></span>0.35% </td> <td>95 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999323955669224211♠" style="display:none"></span>0.32% </td> <td>55 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999206262891430714♠" style="display:none"></span>0.21% </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Canada.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/20px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/30px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/40px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <b>Canada</b> </td> <td><b>2,148,230</b> </td> <td><b><span data-sort-value="7000623396966894868♠" style="display:none"></span>6.23%</b> </td> <td><b>1,817,590</b> </td> <td><b><span data-sort-value="7000553260774277128♠" style="display:none"></span>5.53%</b> </td> <td><b>1,628,260</b> </td> <td><b><span data-sort-value="7000521192803182225♠" style="display:none"></span>5.21%</b> </td> <td><b>1,314,225</b> </td> <td><b><span data-sort-value="7000443410185250633♠" style="display:none"></span>4.43%</b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Asian_Canadians&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Canadians" title="Chinese Canadians">Chinese Canadians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Canadians" title="Hong Kong Canadians">Hong Kong Canadians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Canadians" title="Japanese Canadians">Japanese Canadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Canadians" title="Korean Canadians">Korean Canadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Canadians" title="Mongolian Canadians">Mongolian Canadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Canadians" title="Taiwanese Canadians">Taiwanese Canadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Canadians" title="Tibetan Canadians">Tibetan Canadians</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Asian_Canadians&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2021censusEastAsian-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2021censusEastAsian_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2021censusEastAsian_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2021censusEastAsian_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Chinese: 1,715,770 persons<sup id="cite_ref-population2021B_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2021B-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><br />Korean: 218,140 persons<sup id="cite_ref-population2021B_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2021B-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><br />Japanese: 129,425 persons<sup id="cite_ref-population2021A_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2021A-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><br />Hong Konger: 81,680 persons<sup id="cite_ref-population2021A_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2021A-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><br />Taiwanese: 64,020 persons<sup id="cite_ref-population2021A_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2021A-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><br />Tibetan: 9,350 persons<sup id="cite_ref-population2021A_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2021A-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><br />Mongolian: 9,090 persons<sup id="cite_ref-population2021A_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2021A-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><br />Other East Asian: 61,300 persons<sup id="cite_ref-population2021A_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population2021A-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-population-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-population_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Statistic includes combined population of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Canadians" title="Chinese Canadians">Chinese Canadians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Canadians" title="Hong Kong Canadians">Hong Kong Canadians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Canadians" title="Japanese Canadians">Japanese Canadians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Korean_Canadians" title="Korean Canadians">Korean Canadians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Canadians" title="Mongolian Canadians">Mongolian Canadians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Canadians" title="Taiwanese Canadians">Taiwanese Canadians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Canadians" title="Tibetan Canadians">Tibetan Canadians</a>, and Other East Asian Canadians.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Asian_Canadians&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-population2021A-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-population2021A_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population2021A_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population2021A_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population2021A_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population2021A_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population2021A_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population2021A_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population2021A_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population2021A_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population2021A_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGovernment_of_Canada2022" class="citation web cs1">Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2022-10-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810035601">"Ethnic or cultural origin by gender and age: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts"</a>. <i>www12.statcan.gc.ca</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www12.statcan.gc.ca&amp;rft.atitle=Ethnic+or+cultural+origin+by+gender+and+age%3A+Canada%2C+provinces+and+territories%2C+census+metropolitan+areas+and+census+agglomerations+with+parts&amp;rft.date=2022-10-26&amp;rft.aulast=Government+of+Canada&amp;rft.aufirst=Statistics+Canada&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww150.statcan.gc.ca%2Ft1%2Ftbl1%2Fen%2Ftv.action%3Fpid%3D9810035601&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Asian+Canadians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-population2021B-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-population2021B_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population2021B_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population2021B_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population2021B_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population2021B_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population2021B_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population2021B_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGovernment_of_Canada2022" class="citation web cs1">Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2022-10-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810032401">"Visible minority and population group by generation status: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts"</a>. <i>www12.statcan.gc.ca</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www12.statcan.gc.ca&amp;rft.atitle=Visible+minority+and+population+group+by+generation+status%3A+Canada%2C+provinces+and+territories%2C+census+metropolitan+areas+and+census+agglomerations+with+parts&amp;rft.date=2022-10-26&amp;rft.aulast=Government+of+Canada&amp;rft.aufirst=Statistics+Canada&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww150.statcan.gc.ca%2Ft1%2Ftbl1%2Fen%2Ftv.action%3Fpid%3D9810032401&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Asian+Canadians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2021CensusReport-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2021CensusReport_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGovernment_of_Canada2022" class="citation web cs1">Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2022-10-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/221026/dq221026b-eng.htm">"The Canadian census: A rich portrait of the country's religious and ethnocultural diversity"</a>. <i>www12.statcan.gc.ca</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-01-10</span></span>. <q>In 2021, just over 25 million people reported being White in the census, representing close to 70% of the total Canadian population. The vast majority reported being White only, while 2.4% also reported one or more other racialized groups.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www12.statcan.gc.ca&amp;rft.atitle=The+Canadian+census%3A+A+rich+portrait+of+the+country%27s+religious+and+ethnocultural+diversity&amp;rft.date=2022-10-26&amp;rft.aulast=Government+of+Canada&amp;rft.aufirst=Statistics+Canada&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww150.statcan.gc.ca%2Fn1%2Fdaily-quotidien%2F221026%2Fdq221026b-eng.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Asian+Canadians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-population2016-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-population2016_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population2016_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population2016_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGovernment_of_Canada2019" class="citation web cs1">Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2019-06-17). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/dt-td/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&amp;APATH=3&amp;DETAIL=0&amp;DIM=0&amp;FL=A&amp;FREE=0&amp;GC=0&amp;GID=0&amp;GK=0&amp;GRP=1&amp;PID=110528&amp;PRID=10&amp;PTYPE=109445&amp;S=0&amp;SHOWALL=0&amp;SUB=0&amp;Temporal=2017&amp;THEME=120&amp;VID=0&amp;VNAMEE=&amp;VNAMEF=">"Ethnic Origin (279), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3), Generation Status (4), Age (12) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data"</a>. <i>www12.statcan.gc.ca</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-08-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www12.statcan.gc.ca&amp;rft.atitle=Ethnic+Origin+%28279%29%2C+Single+and+Multiple+Ethnic+Origin+Responses+%283%29%2C+Generation+Status+%284%29%2C+Age+%2812%29+and+Sex+%283%29+for+the+Population+in+Private+Households+of+Canada%2C+Provinces+and+Territories%2C+Census+Metropolitan+Areas+and+Census+Agglomerations%2C+2016+Census+-+25%25+Sample+Data&amp;rft.date=2019-06-17&amp;rft.aulast=Government+of+Canada&amp;rft.aufirst=Statistics+Canada&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww12.statcan.gc.ca%2Fcensus-recensement%2F2016%2Fdp-pd%2Fdt-td%2FRp-eng.cfm%3FLANG%3DE%26APATH%3D3%26DETAIL%3D0%26DIM%3D0%26FL%3DA%26FREE%3D0%26GC%3D0%26GID%3D0%26GK%3D0%26GRP%3D1%26PID%3D110528%26PRID%3D10%26PTYPE%3D109445%26S%3D0%26SHOWALL%3D0%26SUB%3D0%26Temporal%3D2017%26THEME%3D120%26VID%3D0%26VNAMEE%3D%26VNAMEF%3D&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Asian+Canadians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-population2011-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-population2011_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population2011_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population2011_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGovernment_of_Canada2019" class="citation web cs1">Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2019-01-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/dt-td/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&amp;APATH=3&amp;DETAIL=0&amp;DIM=0&amp;FL=A&amp;FREE=0&amp;GC=0&amp;GID=0&amp;GK=0&amp;GRP=0&amp;PID=105396&amp;PRID=0&amp;PTYPE=105277&amp;S=0&amp;SHOWALL=0&amp;SUB=0&amp;Temporal=2013&amp;THEME=95&amp;VID=0&amp;VNAMEE=&amp;VNAMEF=">"Ethnic Origin (264), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3), Generation Status (4), Age Groups (10) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey"</a>. <i>www12.statcan.gc.ca</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-08-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www12.statcan.gc.ca&amp;rft.atitle=Ethnic+Origin+%28264%29%2C+Single+and+Multiple+Ethnic+Origin+Responses+%283%29%2C+Generation+Status+%284%29%2C+Age+Groups+%2810%29+and+Sex+%283%29+for+the+Population+in+Private+Households+of+Canada%2C+Provinces%2C+Territories%2C+Census+Metropolitan+Areas+and+Census+Agglomerations%2C+2011+National+Household+Survey&amp;rft.date=2019-01-23&amp;rft.aulast=Government+of+Canada&amp;rft.aufirst=Statistics+Canada&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww12.statcan.gc.ca%2Fnhs-enm%2F2011%2Fdp-pd%2Fdt-td%2FRp-eng.cfm%3FLANG%3DE%26APATH%3D3%26DETAIL%3D0%26DIM%3D0%26FL%3DA%26FREE%3D0%26GC%3D0%26GID%3D0%26GK%3D0%26GRP%3D0%26PID%3D105396%26PRID%3D0%26PTYPE%3D105277%26S%3D0%26SHOWALL%3D0%26SUB%3D0%26Temporal%3D2013%26THEME%3D95%26VID%3D0%26VNAMEE%3D%26VNAMEF%3D&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Asian+Canadians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-population2006-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-population2006_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population2006_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population2006_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGovernment_of_Canada2020" class="citation web cs1">Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2020-05-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/tbt/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&amp;APATH=3&amp;DETAIL=1&amp;DIM=0&amp;FL=A&amp;FREE=1&amp;GC=0&amp;GID=0&amp;GK=0&amp;GRP=1&amp;PID=92333&amp;PRID=0&amp;PTYPE=88971&amp;S=0&amp;SHOWALL=No&amp;SUB=0&amp;Temporal=2006&amp;THEME=80&amp;VID=0&amp;VNAMEE=&amp;VNAMEF=">"Ethnic Origin (247), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2006 Census - 20% Sample Data"</a>. <i>www12.statcan.gc.ca</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-08-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www12.statcan.gc.ca&amp;rft.atitle=Ethnic+Origin+%28247%29%2C+Single+and+Multiple+Ethnic+Origin+Responses+%283%29+and+Sex+%283%29+for+the+Population+of+Canada%2C+Provinces%2C+Territories%2C+Census+Metropolitan+Areas+and+Census+Agglomerations%2C+2006+Census+-+20%25+Sample+Data&amp;rft.date=2020-05-01&amp;rft.aulast=Government+of+Canada&amp;rft.aufirst=Statistics+Canada&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww12.statcan.gc.ca%2Fcensus-recensement%2F2006%2Fdp-pd%2Ftbt%2FRp-eng.cfm%3FLANG%3DE%26APATH%3D3%26DETAIL%3D1%26DIM%3D0%26FL%3DA%26FREE%3D1%26GC%3D0%26GID%3D0%26GK%3D0%26GRP%3D1%26PID%3D92333%26PRID%3D0%26PTYPE%3D88971%26S%3D0%26SHOWALL%3DNo%26SUB%3D0%26Temporal%3D2006%26THEME%3D80%26VID%3D0%26VNAMEE%3D%26VNAMEF%3D&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Asian+Canadians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-population2001-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-population2001_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population2001_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population2001_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGovernment_of_Canada2013" class="citation web cs1">Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2013-12-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/English/census01/products/standard/themes/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&amp;APATH=3&amp;DETAIL=1&amp;DIM=0&amp;FL=A&amp;FREE=1&amp;GC=0&amp;GID=0&amp;GK=0&amp;GRP=1&amp;PID=62911&amp;PRID=0&amp;PTYPE=55440&amp;S=0&amp;SHOWALL=No&amp;SUB=0&amp;Temporal=2006&amp;THEME=44&amp;VID=0&amp;VNAMEE=&amp;VNAMEF=">"Ethnic Origin (232), Sex (3) and Single and Multiple Responses (3) for Population, for Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2001 Census - 20% Sample Data"</a>. <i>www12.statcan.gc.ca</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-08-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www12.statcan.gc.ca&amp;rft.atitle=Ethnic+Origin+%28232%29%2C+Sex+%283%29+and+Single+and+Multiple+Responses+%283%29+for+Population%2C+for+Canada%2C+Provinces%2C+Territories%2C+Census+Metropolitan+Areas+and+Census+Agglomerations%2C+2001+Census+-+20%25+Sample+Data&amp;rft.date=2013-12-23&amp;rft.aulast=Government+of+Canada&amp;rft.aufirst=Statistics+Canada&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww12.statcan.gc.ca%2FEnglish%2Fcensus01%2Fproducts%2Fstandard%2Fthemes%2FRp-eng.cfm%3FLANG%3DE%26APATH%3D3%26DETAIL%3D1%26DIM%3D0%26FL%3DA%26FREE%3D1%26GC%3D0%26GID%3D0%26GK%3D0%26GRP%3D1%26PID%3D62911%26PRID%3D0%26PTYPE%3D55440%26S%3D0%26SHOWALL%3DNo%26SUB%3D0%26Temporal%3D2006%26THEME%3D44%26VID%3D0%26VNAMEE%3D%26VNAMEF%3D&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Asian+Canadians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Claiming the Land, Dan Marshall, UBC Ph.D Thesis, 2002 (unpubl.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>McGowan's War</i>, Donald J. Hauka, New Star Books, Vancouver (2000) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55420-001-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-55420-001-6">1-55420-001-6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LimIPacEntryp15-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LimIPacEntryp15_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lim, Imogene L. "Pacific Entry, Pacific Century: Chinatowns and Chinese Canadian History" (Chapter 2). In: Lee, Josephine D., Imogene L. 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CITED: p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fjeAaEqo-CEC&amp;pg=PA18">18</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HarrisCp145-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HarrisCp145_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harris, Cole. <i>The Resettlement of British Columbia: Essays on Colonialism and Geographical Change</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_British_Columbia_Press" title="University of British Columbia Press">University of British Columbia Press</a>, Nov 1, 2011. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0774842563" title="Special:BookSources/0774842563">0774842563</a>, 9780774842563. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8dCKaRDfg_cC&amp;pg=PA145">145</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Maclean&#39;s-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Maclean&#39;s_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151018085850/http://www.llss.sd73.bc.ca/socials11/materials/chapter3/canada_tried_to_bar_the_yellow_peril.pdf">"How Canada tried to bar the "yellow peril"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Maclean's</i>. 1 July 1999. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.llss.sd73.bc.ca/socials11/materials/chapter3/canada_tried_to_bar_the_yellow_peril.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 18 October 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Maclean%27s&amp;rft.atitle=How+Canada+tried+to+bar+the+%22yellow+peril%22&amp;rft.date=1999-07-01&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.llss.sd73.bc.ca%2Fsocials11%2Fmaterials%2Fchapter3%2Fcanada_tried_to_bar_the_yellow_peril.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Asian+Canadians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLisa_Rose_Mar2010" class="citation book cs1">Lisa Rose Mar (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Nfp_YamHREoC&amp;pg=PA112"><i>Brokering Belonging: Chinese in Canada's Exclusion Era, 1885-1945</i></a>. Oxford University Press. p.&#160;112. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199780051" title="Special:BookSources/9780199780051"><bdi>9780199780051</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Brokering+Belonging%3A+Chinese+in+Canada%27s+Exclusion+Era%2C+1885-1945&amp;rft.pages=112&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.isbn=9780199780051&amp;rft.au=Lisa+Rose+Mar&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNfp_YamHREoC%26pg%3DPA112&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Asian+Canadians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-population1931-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-population1931_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population1931_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGovernment_of_Canada2013" class="citation web cs1">Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2013-04-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publications.gc.ca/site/eng/9.832354/publication.html">"Seventh census of Canada, 1931 . v. 2. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www12.statcan.gc.ca&amp;rft.atitle=Seventh+census+of+Canada%2C+1931+.+v.+2.+Population+by+areas&amp;rft.date=2013-04-03&amp;rft.aulast=Government+of+Canada&amp;rft.aufirst=Statistics+Canada&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublications.gc.ca%2Fsite%2Feng%2F9.832354%2Fpublication.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Asian+Canadians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Yoon-17-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Yoon-17_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Yoon-17_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFYoon2006">Yoon 2006</a>, p.&#160;17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKim1982" class="citation journal cs1">Kim, Jung G (Spring–Summer 1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924075908/http://www.ourfutureourpast.ca/loc_hist/page.aspx?id=3770601">"Korean-language press in Ontario"</a>. <i>Polyphony: The Bulletin of the Multicultural History Society of Ontario</i>. <b>4</b> (1): 82. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-09-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Polyphony%3A+The+Bulletin+of+the+Multicultural+History+Society+of+Ontario&amp;rft.atitle=Korean-language+press+in+Ontario&amp;rft.chron=spring%E2%80%93summer&amp;rft.volume=4&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.pages=82&amp;rft.date=1982&amp;rft.aulast=Kim&amp;rft.aufirst=Jung+G&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ourfutureourpast.ca%2Floc_hist%2Fpage.aspx%3Fid%3D3770601&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Asian+Canadians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKwak2004">Kwak 2004</a>, p.&#160;8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKwak2004">Kwak 2004</a>, p.&#160;3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHanIbbott2005">Han &amp; Ibbott 2005</a>, p.&#160;157</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHanIbbott2005">Han &amp; Ibbott 2005</a>, p.&#160;155</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHanIbbott2005">Han &amp; Ibbott 2005</a>, p.&#160;160</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Asian_Canadians&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHanIbbott2005" class="citation cs2">Han, J. 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Canadian+Studies+in+Population&amp;rft.atitle=Korean+Migration+to+North+America%3A+Some+Prices+That+Matter&amp;rft.volume=32&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.pages=155-176&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.25336%2FP6XS4T&amp;rft.aulast=Han&amp;rft.aufirst=J.+D.&amp;rft.au=Ibbott%2C+Peter&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fejournals.library.ualberta.ca%2Findex.php%2Fcsp%2Farticle%2Fdownload%2F15946%2F12751&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Asian+Canadians" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKwak2004" class="citation cs2">Kwak, Min-Jung (July 2004), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110723205457/http://mbc.metropolis.net/assets/uploads/files/wp/2004/WP04-14.pdf">"An Exploration of the Korean-Canadian Community in Vancouver"</a> 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class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoon2006" class="citation cs2">Yoon, In-Jin (2006), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929135136/http://www.cct.go.kr/data/acf2006/multi/multi_0201_In-Jin%20Yoon.pdf">"Understanding the Korean Diaspora from Comparative Perspectives"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>Transformation &amp; Prospect toward Multiethnic, Multiracial &amp; Multicultural Society: Enhancing Intercultural Communication</i>, Asia Culture Forum, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cct.go.kr/data/acf2006/multi/multi_0201_In-Jin%20Yoon.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on September 29, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 11,</span> 2007</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Understanding+the+Korean+Diaspora+from+Comparative+Perspectives&amp;rft.btitle=Transformation+%26+Prospect+toward+Multiethnic%2C+Multiracial+%26+Multicultural+Society%3A+Enhancing+Intercultural+Communication&amp;rft.series=Asia+Culture+Forum&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.aulast=Yoon&amp;rft.aufirst=In-Jin&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cct.go.kr%2Fdata%2Facf2006%2Fmulti%2Fmulti_0201_In-Jin%2520Yoon.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Asian+Canadians" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/First_Nations_in_Canada" title="First Nations in Canada">First Nations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_First_Nations_band_governments" title="List of First Nations band governments">by band</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inuit" title="Inuit">Inuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9tis_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Métis in Canada">Métis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_ethnicity" title="Canadian ethnicity">Canadian ethnicity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Canadians" title="French Canadians">French Canadians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acadians" title="Acadians">Acadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%A9b%C3%A9cois_people" title="Québécois people">Québécois</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Canadians" title="British Canadians">British</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_Canadians" title="English Canadians">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Canadians" title="Scottish Canadians">Scottish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Canadians" title="Welsh Canadians">Welsh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newfoundlander" class="mw-redirect" title="Newfoundlander">Newfoundlander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Canadians" title="Irish Canadians">Irish Canadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Loyalist#Nova_Scotia" title="Black Loyalist">Black Loyalist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Black_Canadians" title="Black Canadians">Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Horn of Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eritrean_Canadians" title="Eritrean Canadians">Eritrean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Canadians" title="Ethiopian Canadians">Ethiopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_Canadians" title="Somali Canadians">Somali</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">North Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berber_Canadians" title="Berber Canadians">Berber</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_Canadians" title="Algerian Canadians">Algerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Canadians" title="Libyan Canadians">Libyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccan_Canadians" title="Moroccan Canadians">Moroccan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_Canadians" title="Tunisian Canadians">Tunisian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Canadians" title="Coptic Canadians">Coptic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Canadians" title="Egyptian Canadians">Egyptian</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">East Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Sudanese_Canadians" title="South Sudanese Canadians">South Sudanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_Canadians" title="Sudanese Canadians">Sudanese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Southern Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Canadians" title="South African Canadians">South African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwean_Canadians" title="Zimbabwean Canadians">Zimbabwean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">West Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ghanaian_Canadians" title="Ghanaian Canadians">Ghanaian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_Canadians" title="Nigerian Canadians">Nigerian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Igbo_Canadians" title="Igbo Canadians">Igbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoruba_Canadians" title="Yoruba Canadians">Yoruba</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Canadians" title="American Canadians">American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_Canadians" title="Mexican Canadians">Mexican</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Caribbean</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbadian_Canadians" title="Barbadian Canadians">Barbadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuban Canadians">Cuban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Dominican Canadians">Dominican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyanese_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Guyanese Canadians">Guyanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_Canadians" title="Haitian Canadians">Haitian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaican_Canadians" title="Jamaican Canadians">Jamaican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rican_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rican Canadians">Puerto Rican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidadian_and_Tobagonian_Canadians" title="Trinidadian and Tobagonian Canadians">Trinidadian and Tobagonian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Central and South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Argentine Canadians">Argentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Brazilian Canadians">Brazilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilean Canadians">Chilean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Colombian Canadians">Colombian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guatemalan_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Guatemalan Canadians">Guatemalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Peruvian Canadians">Peruvian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvadoran_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Salvadoran Canadians">Salvadoran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguayan_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Uruguayan Canadians">Uruguayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Venezuelan Canadians">Venezuelan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Asian_Canadians" title="Asian Canadians">Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/West_Asian_Canadians" title="West Asian Canadians">Central Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_Canadians" title="Afghan Canadians">Afghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Canadians" title="Kazakh Canadians">Kazakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajik_Canadians" title="Tajik Canadians">Tajik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatar_Canadians" title="Tatar Canadians">Tatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_Canadians" title="Uzbek Canadians">Uzbek</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">East Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Canadians" title="Chinese Canadians">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Canadians" title="Hong Kong Canadians">Hong Kong</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Canadians" title="Japanese Canadians">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Canadians" title="Korean Canadians">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Canadians" title="Mongolian Canadians">Mongolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Canadians" title="Taiwanese Canadians">Taiwanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Canadians" title="Tibetan Canadians">Tibetan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Canadians" title="South Asian Canadians">South Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_Canadians" title="Bangladeshi Canadians">Bangladeshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Canadians">Indian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Indian_Canadians" title="Anglo-Indian Canadians">Anglo-Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Canadians" title="Tamil Canadians">Tamil</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_Canadians" title="Nepalese Canadians">Nepali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_Canadians" title="Pakistani Canadians">Pakistani</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_Canadians" title="Punjabi Canadians">Punjabi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Canada" title="Romani people in Canada">Romani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_Canadians" title="Sri Lankan Canadians">Sri Lankan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asian_Canadians" title="Southeast Asian Canadians">Southeast Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian_Canadians" title="Cambodian Canadians">Cambodian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_Canadians" title="Filipino Canadians">Filipino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Canadians" title="Indonesian Canadians">Indonesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laotian_Canadians" title="Laotian Canadians">Laotian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Canadians" title="Malaysian Canadians">Malaysian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singaporean_Canadians" title="Singaporean Canadians">Singaporean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_Canadians" title="Thai Canadians">Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_Canadians" title="Vietnamese Canadians">Vietnamese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/West_Asian_Canadians" title="West Asian Canadians">West Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Canadians" title="Arab Canadians">Arab</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Canadians" title="Iraqi Canadians">Iraqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian_Canadians" title="Jordanian Canadians">Jordanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_Canadians" title="Lebanese Canadians">Lebanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Canadians" title="Palestinian Canadians">Palestinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Canadians" title="Saudi Canadians">Saudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Canadians" title="Syrian Canadians">Syrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_Canadians" title="Yemeni Canadians">Yemeni</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Canadians" title="Armenian Canadians">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Canadians" title="Assyrian Canadians">Assyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_Canadians" title="Azerbaijani Canadians">Azerbaijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_Canadians" title="Iranian Canadians">Iranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Canada" title="History of the Jews in Canada">Jewish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_Canadians" title="Israeli Canadians">Israeli</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_Canadians" title="Kurdish Canadians">Kurdish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Canadians" title="Turkish Canadians">Turkish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/European_Canadians" title="European Canadians">Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Central Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Canadians" title="Austrian Canadians">Austrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Canadians" title="Czech Canadians">Czech</a></li> <li><a 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scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Northern Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_and_Scandinavian_Canadians" title="Nordic and Scandinavian Canadians">Nordic and Scandinavian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Danish_Canadians" title="Danish Canadians">Danish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Canadians" title="Finnish Canadians">Finnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_Canadians" title="Icelandic Canadians">Icelandic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Canadians" title="Norwegian Canadians">Norwegian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Canadians" title="Swedish Canadians">Swedish</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Canadians" title="Estonian Canadians">Estonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Canadians" title="Latvian Canadians">Latvian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Canadians" title="Lithuanian Canadians">Lithuanian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Southeast Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian Canadians">Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_Canadians" title="Bosnian Canadians">Bosnian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Canadians" title="Bulgarian Canadians">Bulgarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Canadians" title="Croatian Canadians">Croatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Canadians" title="Greek Canadians">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Canadians" title="Macedonian Canadians">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_Canadians" title="Montenegrin Canadians">Montenegrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Canadians" title="Romanian Canadians">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Canadians" title="Serbian Canadians">Serbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Canadians" title="Yugoslav Canadians">Yugoslav</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Southern Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Canadians" title="Italian Canadians">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltese_Canadians" title="Maltese Canadians">Maltese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Canadians" title="Portuguese Canadians">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Canadians" title="Spanish Canadians">Spanish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basque_Canadians" title="Basque Canadians">Basque</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Western Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Canadians" title="Belgian Canadians">Belgian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flemish_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Flemish Canadians">Flemish</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Canadians" title="British Canadians">British</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_Canadians" title="Cornish Canadians">Cornish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Canadians" title="English Canadians">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotch-Irish_Canadians" title="Scotch-Irish Canadians">Scotch-Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Canadians" title="Scottish Canadians">Scottish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Canadians" title="Welsh Canadians">Welsh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Canadians" title="Dutch Canadians">Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Canadians" title="French Canadians">French</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acadians" title="Acadians">Acadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breton_Canadians" title="Breton Canadians">Breton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%A9b%C3%A9cois_people" title="Québécois people">Québécois</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Canadian" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Canadian">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourgish_Canadians" title="Luxembourgish Canadians">Luxembourger</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oceanian_Canadians" title="Oceanian Canadians">Oceania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Canadians" title="Australian Canadians">Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanaka_(Pacific_Island_worker)" title="Kanaka (Pacific Island worker)">Hawaiian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Canadians" title="New Zealand Canadians">New Zealander</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Canadians_of_Asian_descent_by_area_of_origin" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Canadians_of_Asian_descent" title="Template:Canadians of Asian descent"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Canadians_of_Asian_descent" title="Template talk:Canadians of Asian descent"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Canadians_of_Asian_descent" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Canadians of Asian descent"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Canadians_of_Asian_descent_by_area_of_origin" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Asian_Canadians" title="Asian Canadians">Canadians of Asian descent</a> by area of origin</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/West_Asian_Canadians" title="West Asian Canadians">Central Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_Canadians" title="Afghan Canadians">Afghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Canadians" title="Kazakh Canadians">Kazakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatar_Canadians" title="Tatar Canadians">Tatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajik_Canadians" title="Tajik Canadians">Tajik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_Canadians" title="Uzbek Canadians">Uzbek</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Canada.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Canada"><img alt="Flag of Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/95px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="95" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/143px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/190px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">East Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Canadians" title="Chinese Canadians">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Canadians" title="Hong Kong Canadians">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Canadians" title="Japanese Canadians">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Canadians" title="Korean Canadians">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Canadians" title="Mongolian Canadians">Mongolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Canadians" title="Taiwanese Canadians">Taiwanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Canadians" title="Tibetan Canadians">Tibetan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asian_Canadians" title="Southeast Asian Canadians">Southeast Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian_Canadians" title="Cambodian Canadians">Cambodian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_Canadians" title="Filipino Canadians">Filipino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Canadians" title="Indonesian Canadians">Indonesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laotian_Canadians" title="Laotian Canadians">Laotian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Canadians" title="Malaysian Canadians">Malaysian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singaporean_Canadians" title="Singaporean Canadians">Singaporean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_Canadians" title="Thai Canadians">Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_Canadians" title="Vietnamese Canadians">Vietnamese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Canadians" title="South Asian Canadians">South Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_Canadians" title="Bangladeshi Canadians">Bangladeshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Canadians">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_Canadians" title="Nepalese Canadians">Nepali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_Canadians" title="Pakistani Canadians">Pakistani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_Canadians" title="Punjabi Canadians">Punjabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_Canadians" title="Sri Lankan Canadians">Sri Lankan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Canadians" title="Tamil Canadians">Tamil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_Canadians" title="Sindhi Canadians">Sindhi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/West_Asian_Canadians" title="West Asian Canadians">West Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Canadians" title="Arab Canadians">Arab</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Canadians" title="Iraqi Canadians">Iraqi</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Jordanian_Canadians" title="Jordanian Canadians">Jordanian</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_Canadians" title="Lebanese Canadians">Lebanese</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Canadians" title="Palestinian Canadians">Palestinian</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Canadians" title="Saudi Canadians">Saudi</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Canadians" title="Syrian Canadians">Syrian</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_Canadians" title="Yemeni Canadians">Yemeni</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Canadians" title="Armenian Canadians">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian-Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Assyrian-Canadians">Assyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_Canadians" title="Azerbaijani Canadians">Azerbaijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgians_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgians in Canada">Georgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_Canadians" title="Iranian Canadians">Iranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_Canadians" title="Israeli Canadians">Israeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Canada" title="History of the Jews in Canada">Jewish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Canadians" title="Turkish Canadians">Turkish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.codfw.main‐6bcd787d7f‐j5nrk Cached time: 20241125223403 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.942 seconds Real time usage: 1.080 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 11843/1000000 Post‐expand 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