CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "bioguide.congress.gov",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '8ea1f8e7adf19c9e',cH: 'z2dRgzY4qSy2K4xgyRl33zgARuSRXq08L2gy5M3rF0g-1732876750-1.2.1.1-F.wkPe103KYl5hPxmopbuNWFmmGT.KinJ4nSRvCSXbo3T.QpQQj50A3d82ZujYBf',cUPMDTk: "\/scripts\/biodisplay.pl?index=E000207&__cf_chl_tk=k1OYXsEembyWrvFPT6xBTxVWAZwZ0IO8WsjX6xb6wNE-1732876750-1.0.1.1-9s8Dr_JS43Eb0X0FP7Qhm8LpobAbVS8BM9b1S979Kag",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1732876750',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/scripts\/biodisplay.pl?index=E000207&__cf_chl_f_tk=k1OYXsEembyWrvFPT6xBTxVWAZwZ0IO8WsjX6xb6wNE-1732876750-1.0.1.1-9s8Dr_JS43Eb0X0FP7Qhm8LpobAbVS8BM9b1S979Kag",md: "0pd301XTMsgqn0vDyOKwkb_xW_NOam9ZYMLyASCcx4c-1732876750-1.2.1.1-mqPNPpXpYPL_XjESoqn9kzAlrvEQ_UoVdGYqp1TzkhpceSzlckNKYenYsDzwxOoV63fpRucKS1qseP0ecXKnrL3bQwhTZ7_Uuw_GrvE_w2VKiq7.B7CPyQdV8QYo1weH0Kc9UaV8FnNCSY4ltySUoXJPljkF4hahR2Iyl4M9SZ7gfr32ieHEjssxAGyn_qV25xqPVLyVgYtMgtNk.0HpgmCCa4B2SqRmnVseU_luYwIuaqSJdhcUiDODTNP7oQWzCpkdOrg6n8Oz4iSZMJcDYroTYvjPnWiTTULpA1iE28CpaWZNUekckT0WUl04X0F7PebmJ.73bSaTGPNJC3sKsABz9ghJvKVnzlBm6WkMstCweiSPWb4HvPuefF8TMGCT33UnX_JPQFAx0rWrwvprEBaiY5ILd0xsl6LSS8asUcHc.S5077K9uhEq_FUZpyk98AoYpeEibUB10PtK_HBcHwaGmcED92_0qR6pXyMere5ILSIHijJVcsxXCAAGIKBSnk6lCjGjB54.g6irPMAcpKKladJqZhHCKu7Lg4DSn6O6CZgY1T05NVygwMUBCgmLu49ilFjQX8H35vqsbWP.GQzsupxDQSsVoacbBcdaGshOUXSbILo9UkjbtyFelgBVOzwqNqWxPmZvD3CYHmaZRl4MAcg0c4VJYSZymYAEmc68uCu88p8h0YokRqrixp8xB7g3Ny48g60yZRIxX81NImrYnuhWj4jCOsUM1M8H0aNXfSpPFEHj0Qdm_9ePLqIQ4eTNR8HlUBgOCTqHqLJa.faKpSZ_c3KtubCYmrBV8rc6rhHvxxgZph87mHdk89BpbKmOoGeFHL5AlC6Aaw2me0acR6JoP.D98R1e2lzcm7RTdZsabt3or0D8RtK09kzxgxtKtLfcMZSIVn7oaYrDgcmxwJ5YxirrpmGPJNkQb7NF681Sh_YQg_eOyFxiNyHl_7.TlClkX.UhprIltQpWcqOjujowreSiS3OKL8vRAalkn4uVVfnH3fyU327Bw9rcHW4xkAcxWw9TQXAngcrT36cquF1lL0TXt0_6ZhDkzJUdSt6B5vUC4nZPvCS7IYmgHlQFco_Y.UNNAx3_381GSDqyPsObq6ptdAOSJo2oy1uJbH55cdhkeSA1ST8fFtTLMD58vx4W9TZXU8rUIriKSfyL_G3Z4VMyH2oH2WLg9W2YcWy_AmINv2JNPIJIvHwpIxU.wEV_lst.Tr9AjM00AWewhbVf2fJzXGeRgXYTTassCZixb9aZxavrOeUir8YKKlost29LPQEyXRO8F2ivSF_c8KZGzfHZ3E1jIBztkYIDJeFbwhcNwBq2J6oKNhQAGhPG_azJrqWzqLv8ngv6znmBe_V1wS_1uGKn50V_MMYvAarHOC5y80vd1r9zF0aZblwBL6.uJPXSARKWNnFkpjYe8BWf1iHh1NdmOB72L7r1tO_dFNmeCvt2DlgESjH7RcG25asFZ5KhC5qi5wh7tD7E_9y6CSxAlL90lu0OM0xaReO0oS8lBxdBTPmFjnAsH7.mVrr_iAuS6S36xzQyzjFFanCY1scNAG9uuZDOEH9X7yCdULGAbiwAZl4M7xcgbWz1aME0cdrZQcXSgwE1qUr5w8V1F9bVYQwaqazSHP6RDdtMVE5xiL46DvR9d31HYSrCht0LLJstQXvivjE426O99MeiY3naOR3I7lu1GAhVjZneQNnxJsaogmDFT1_iAo2HQXtKfcBOtFC8.0K9kaZ.6jQ3ZpnAjzrWp72QstR59w_1fATgN.3LXd5SB8XV_K6TH_2i8dk7acAhXXh7E9URqh8.05wHBNO2kDzAvnM66Kt1DntwMJRR.Tk2T_KDBWo52ygKBA692I3ILC1EgicT5bmxn4FiHzMnDqGtoEh3UnLdmT1flFc8VZ7GgSXTaGSCuvOEU4h1G1oIo4ydHYtwcfvHP3Hg0AiLK5AfIeWLXUpTTlcyrrc_KWUVe_rN_8Ye2xhdO6az1OfbHNyP5KhGsR62wsr34e9Br.Lk9rU",mdrd: "4eZSDvefvxqEkn41rvT2KNNoC0HNznJEQiGId2YuaSs-1732876750-1.2.1.1-TacjytiARATq7R.X_htwpaYkXCpm9Fz7uqPDYZTTK9OGNGm_X6GbInk6_n_7Blxs2pr3fFt2wNKzIRO9A1kKTbbpT3jShJ23R1DTIqQpFkVM9yDGIm2tYyw9E1ClYJFhFVzC_z0b2ZHmP2hlBQnrH3CrSQuiGEbIKRoETontZpHUOtw_sMIZtVuDU3iJo6fXwU0WB3i1h0G1F5AxuoG1vDihW.um5Kbf6Qv5CMfNyqiXlyZwbiAAyn1uzctrwbvfGMXp740s0XY3SZEVw8EgETI3vRoxSto1qpt9Hg6uVcMc2KmZ8oBjFelh_Sr9kIS3kEzQamI9U_OEUcjR8LGbs6gTJ2uOIR5J.5l89iRrU5eFYOQoL9O4dnZnXRblOQq2BX87L4RJ_G42u3O8lIBp6_eScuPW3Pwrv5HyWI1LORjBumRGAWeQcAfHNf2_R3gRQIahG6_fIugsf3LlE9lf5a2JKbtQrh5QMbRRn2L2g.bDuuqY2IgGmg1Io9vJunTDnFYtXdxcmNdMdeHeVlMildlmREoEqcKFr09JDh9K0o3Y5dIlT_v83wTiwK_fN51ZPeP09RP4h_.UrK66K62j69yS0qx.ZZrQPxhPBS0ej2n5TOglcctv4wm7w02vaW6lwAMT.Go105J3TCDzyStVKHsKdEPhQXpvuEMUNLaWZYxRzXEHSlAdV8qmzx2OStOY5Gk2SpPcwqR.QiUOQDqoxnJ0QdU2v_r0t790P0J1ZBKTovAIxthITITdu3WsBowTxro6N.tj5dl6Ama53zDLzN.Bjk7fwja6vM0YczP_Jjzh.5cOXOBmsvohybI9z9bS0OyJzbQOqAizMbNG0b8Hl9_pyzPfyt8O5hK0me2QkhWqYv9aWNLgfThTsJk9.Q6CKFnXf..PRCS9LFugitkKA8djl0IOEIoybNHebxBOkH4jXPFVmfPifhNFM.WtYY4P6tUm4Qjz3PeIhBPqhQkCt7.6NE.o61T5EywlYXSSKlKsjYj3iehCEBUforH8gbm4OEZ1SfsRwLdPXTImDY6sgDF3Cc0FUrN5e31W4zBxa5027QnK9sluQzIQYbDslhmiXoGNeDqSx51gu9mgE09Kocc5r9Awe4nOksAOglbdWYMSr6ymKsOBC5.Cuc9cZ6BNyPungJ8I9sieDLKPOwr5lwFV2YDCi4_MQ.WIZPx0ASmld6tDZ3j0UuDao.bqCLlBzh2ig.mBK6Z9t31iurbmohHx5KOfIdP2fHl45tfdTcgF6r3ngrh_qkWvaSzbNAFjuT2izndBsimS5XOwPjRNmvx4Lcko.7XjmgeHC9n8IrWAQl5W.DhfePD7VU8o0XtL5.sVg_GQavy1lODTZCbH3UxcxaJU6u2_o5ygGOGFVKcj.I7ZBdsQ6hwuiii3POScNLcSv4qsRRz2FkOoMRXt430lCr55RGjIc4nUoNPPyHmi_MLU_3hAS1DvAX84ZUgFAffnYBTebUYMU1nuaUXT0yDJ7_W1jHgK5K449FAWfPCRbPLO10J4bGPJkDteq4ZRJhzVxq_lFkXgrob8KukO2.ZgcEdzG74FotoNQCGroitmf9Fb5hevVkUGBOVhmXl2ncdNh8ziWFyThYaJK.HvZUZjE0aIyvgsj7HMQDNATdLYhMkfTqc0_m4rnZcYtWspsnH6E7yOVz.irra4eA0pxPzwbZyfZcjtO7C1MvX9Zq9Kq93uv5SNAl.z4LZGeVQRlQ1BkQg_DqiF.D2RCQD2M8bulE8jarO.GswHcpkzf1Y6NtrK8RD.klzKYCJRsZ_0a0di7xqUHdXvdbF2Vhpaltub7SiTi743iPRRSh2.PnErAGQTvt4P9XnXu4Eg_NzKxK_U3K7kfJVL2q8HtTMFoakT0k68KTkt_mbAnwU1Rz5BcvuBlkRbJxsdXAWHxOflvw0rflY_UiRzng_EOfUlzrLDAsLR0wwYg3iJAu5JiG6NARV2AkbZGBuWRJ5RXz7xGmvks3a_ZgYM4HiIvaqdnA"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=8ea1f8e7adf19c9e';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/scripts\/biodisplay.pl?index=E000207&__cf_chl_rt_tk=k1OYXsEembyWrvFPT6xBTxVWAZwZ0IO8WsjX6xb6wNE-1732876750-1.0.1.1-9s8Dr_JS43Eb0X0FP7Qhm8LpobAbVS8BM9b1S979Kag" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>