RSC Publishing Home – Chemical Science Journals, Books and Databases

<!DOCTYPE html>   <html lang="en">  <head id="Head1"> <title> RSC Publishing Home – Chemical Science Journals, Books and Databases </title> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info = {"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"NRJS-aaa897feae8feeca979","applicationID":"1313546638","transactionName":"M1wANxQFCEcDVU0PWgoWLzUlSy5bD1N6CVsQSw0PCgEUGwtYXQNN","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":39,"agent":"","atts":""}</script><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={privacy:{cookies_enabled:true},ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]},distributed_tracing:{enabled:true}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={agentID:"1386013924",accountID:"2851366",trustKey:"1029994",xpid:"Vg4CUFVVDhABV1BRAgUBUFcJ",licenseKey:"NRJS-aaa897feae8feeca979",applicationID:"1313546638"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-spa-1.274.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>h,gD:()=>g,xN:()=>p});var n=r(993);const i=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const u="[data-nr-mask]",d=()=>{const e={mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},feature_flags:[],generic_events:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0,level:n.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},performance:{capture_marks:!1,capture_measures:!1},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(u):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=u:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0}}},l={},f="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function h(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,d());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=l[e])}function g(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=h(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},5603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>c,o:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},a={};function s(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("LoaderConfig for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function c(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=a[e])}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!d[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,Yq:()=>a,xv:()=>n});const n="1.274.0",i="PROD",o="CDN",a="^2.0.0-alpha.17"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A4:()=>s,OF:()=>d,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>h,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,lR:()=>f,m:()=>u,mw:()=>c,sb:()=>l});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s="complete"===a?.document?.readyState,c=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),u=""+a?.location,d=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),l=d&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,f=(()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);return Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2?+e[1]:0})(),h=Date.now()-(0,n.t)()},7295:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Xv:()=>a,gX:()=>i,iW:()=>o});var n=[];function i(e){if(!e||o(e))return!1;if(0===n.length)return!0;for(var t=0;t<n.length;t++){var r=n[t];if("*"===r.hostname)return!1;if(s(r.hostname,e.hostname)&&c(r.pathname,e.pathname))return!1}return!0}function o(e){return void 0===e.hostname}function a(e){if(n=[],e&&e.length)for(var t=0;t<e.length;t++){let r=e[t];if(!r)continue;0===r.indexOf("http://")?r=r.substring(7):0===r.indexOf("https://")&&(r=r.substring(8));const i=r.indexOf("/");let o,a;i>0?(o=r.substring(0,i),a=r.substring(i)):(o=r,a="");let[s]=o.split(":");n.push({hostname:s,pathname:a})}}function s(e,t){return!(e.length>t.length)&&t.indexOf(e)===t.length-e.length}function c(e,t){return 0===e.indexOf("/")&&(e=e.substring(1)),0===t.indexOf("/")&&(t=t.substring(1)),""===e||e===t}},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),h(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return h(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),h(e,t)})))}function h(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=h(n),c=g(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var p=v()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:m,listeners:g,context:h,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function h(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=g(e).concat(t)}function g(e){return n[e]||[]}function m(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,ZF:()=>c,bz:()=>a,el:()=>u});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}function c(){return s(16)}function u(){return s(32)}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},7485:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D:()=>i});var n=r(6154);function i(e){if(0===(e||"").indexOf("data:"))return{protocol:"data"};try{const t=new URL(e,location.href),r={port:t.port,hostname:t.hostname,pathname:t.pathname,search:t.search,protocol:t.protocol.slice(0,t.protocol.indexOf(":")),sameOrigin:t.protocol===n.gm?.location?.protocol&&t.host===n.gm?.location?.host};return r.port&&""!==r.port||("http:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="80"),"https:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="443")),r.pathname&&""!==r.pathname?r.pathname.startsWith("/")||(r.pathname="/".concat(r.pathname)):r.pathname="/",r}catch(e){return{}}}},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},3304:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A:()=>o});var n=r(7836);const i=()=>{const e=new WeakSet;return(t,r)=>{if("object"==typeof r&&null!==r){if(e.has(r))return;e.add(r)}return r}};function o(e){try{return JSON.stringify(e,i())??""}catch(e){try{n.ee.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}return""}}},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},8139:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>f});var n=r(7836),i=r(3434),o=r(8990),a=r(6154);const s={},c=a.gm.XMLHttpRequest,u="addEventListener",d="removeEventListener",l="nr@wrapped:".concat(n.P);function f(e){var t=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get("events")}(e);if(s[t.debugId]++)return t;s[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,i.YM)(t,!0);function f(e){r.inPlace(e,[u,d],"-",p)}function p(e,t){return e[1]}return"getPrototypeOf"in Object&&(a.RI&&h(document,f),h(a.gm,f),h(c.prototype,f)),t.on(u+"-start",(function(e,t){var n=e[1];if(null!==n&&("function"==typeof n||"object"==typeof n)){var i=(0,o.I)(n,l,(function(){var e={object:function(){if("function"!=typeof n.handleEvent)return;return n.handleEvent.apply(n,arguments)},function:n}[typeof n];return e?r(e,"fn-",null,e.name||"anonymous"):n}));this.wrapped=e[1]=i}})),t.on(d+"-start",(function(e){e[1]=this.wrapped||e[1]})),t}function h(e,t,...r){let n=e;for(;"object"==typeof n&&!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,u);)n=Object.getPrototypeOf(n);n&&t(n,...r)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},9300:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.ajax},3333:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,Zp:()=>i,mq:()=>s,nf:()=>a,qN:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.genericEvents,i=["auxclick","click","copy","keydown","paste","scrollend"],o=["focus","blur"],a=4,s=1e3},6774:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.jserrors},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,TZ:()=>a,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log",a=n.K7.logging},3785:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{R:()=>c,b:()=>u});var n=r(9908),i=r(1863),o=r(860),a=r(3969),s=r(993);function c(e,t,r={},c=s.p_.INFO){(0,n.p)(a.xV,["API/logging/".concat(c.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,o.K7.metrics,e),(0,n.p)(s.ET,[(0,i.t)(),t,r,c],void 0,o.K7.logging,e)}function u(e){return"string"==typeof e&&Object.values(s.p_).some((t=>t===e.toUpperCase().trim()))}},3969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>d,G4:()=>o,Qb:()=>l,TZ:()=>i,Ug:()=>a,_s:()=>s,bc:()=>u,yP:()=>c});var n=r(2614);const i=r(860).K7.sessionReplay,o={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"},a=.12,s={DomContentLoaded:0,Load:1,FullSnapshot:2,IncrementalSnapshot:3,Meta:4,Custom:5},c={[n.g.ERROR]:15e3,[n.g.FULL]:3e5,[n.g.OFF]:0},u={RESET:{message:"Session was reset",sm:"Reset"},IMPORT:{message:"Recorder failed to import",sm:"Import"},TOO_MANY:{message:"429: Too Many Requests",sm:"Too-Many"},TOO_BIG:{message:"Payload was too large",sm:"Too-Big"},CROSS_TAB:{message:"Session Entity was set to OFF on another tab",sm:"Cross-Tab"},ENTITLEMENTS:{message:"Session Replay is not allowed and will not be started",sm:"Entitlement"}},d=5e3,l={API:"api"}},5270:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Aw:()=>c,CT:()=>u,SR:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(9417),o=r(7767),a=r(6154);function s(e){return!!(0,n.dV)().o.MO&&(0,o.V)(e)&&!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}function c(e){return!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_replay.preload")&&s(e)}function u(e,t){const r=t.correctAbsoluteTimestamp(e);return{originalTimestamp:e,correctedTimestamp:r,timestampDiff:e-r,originTime:a.WN,correctedOriginTime:t.correctedOriginTime,originTimeDiff:Math.floor(a.WN-t.correctedOriginTime)}}},3738:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{He:()=>i,Kp:()=>s,Lc:()=>u,Rz:()=>d,TZ:()=>n,bD:()=>o,d3:()=>a,jx:()=>l,uP:()=>c});const n=r(860).K7.sessionTrace,i="bstResource",o="resource",a="-start",s="-end",c="fn"+a,u="fn"+s,d="pushState",l=1e3},3962:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{AM:()=>o,O2:()=>s,Qu:()=>c,TZ:()=>a,ih:()=>u,tC:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i=["click","keydown","submit"],o="api",a=n.K7.softNav,s={INITIAL_PAGE_LOAD:"",ROUTE_CHANGE:1,UNSPECIFIED:2},c={INTERACTION:1,AJAX:2,CUSTOM_END:3,CUSTOM_TRACER:4},u={IP:"in progress",FIN:"finished",CAN:"cancelled"}},7378:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$p:()=>x,BR:()=>b,Kp:()=>R,L3:()=>y,Lc:()=>c,NC:()=>o,SG:()=>d,TZ:()=>i,U6:()=>p,UT:()=>m,d3:()=>w,dT:()=>f,e5:()=>A,gx:()=>v,l9:()=>l,oW:()=>h,op:()=>g,rw:()=>u,tH:()=>E,uP:()=>s,wW:()=>T,xq:()=>a});var n=r(384);const i=r(860).K7.spa,o=["click","submit","keypress","keydown","keyup","change"],a=999,s="fn-start",c="fn-end",u="cb-start",d="api-ixn-",l="remaining",f="interaction",h="spaNode",p="jsonpNode",g="fetch-start",m="fetch-done",v="fetch-body-",b="jsonp-end",y=(0,n.dV)().o.ST,w="-start",R="-end",x="-body",T="cb"+R,A="jsTime",E="fetch"},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7767:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>o});var n=r(9417),i=r(6154);const o=e=>i.RI&&!0===(0,n.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled")},425:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>j});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),h=r(384),p=r(6344);const g=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993),w=r(3785),R=r(2646),x=r(3434);function T(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,x.YM)(i),a=new R.y(s.P);return a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes,o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",a),i}function A(){const e=(0,h.pV)();g.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const E={};var S=r(9417),N=r(5603),O=r(5284);const _=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let I=!1;function j(e,t={},g,R){let{init:x,info:j,loader_config:P,runtime:C={},exposed:k=!0}=t;C.loaderType=g;const L=(0,h.pV)();j||(x=L.init,j=L.info,P=L.loader_config),(0,S.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,x||{}),(0,N.a)(e.agentIdentifier,P||{}),j.jsAttributes??={},d.bv&&(j.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,j);const H=(0,S.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),D=[j.beacon,j.errorBeacon];I||(H.proxy.assets&&(_(H.proxy.assets),D.push(H.proxy.assets)),H.proxy.beacon&&D.push(H.proxy.beacon),A(),(0,h.US)("activatedFeatures",O.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===H.soft_navigations.enabled&&H.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),C.denyList=[...H.ajax.deny_list||[],...H.ajax.block_internal?D:[]],C.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,C),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=function(e,t,h=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const g={};var R=s.ee.get(e),x=R.get("tracer");E[e]=b.g.OFF,R.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{E[e]=t}));var A="api-",S=A+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),I(A,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function O(){}g.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,w.R)(R,e,t,r)},g.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),T(R,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},m.forEach((e=>{g[e]=I(A,e,!0,"api")})),g.addPageAction=I(A,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),g.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,I(A,"setPageViewName",!0)()},g.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},g.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},g.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},g.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),R.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},g[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,R)},g[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,R)},g.interaction=function(e){return(new O).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const _=O.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),h||(0,a.p)(S+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,R),function(){if(x.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw x.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{x.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function I(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[(0,v.t)(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,R),r?void 0:this}}function j(){r.e(478).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),R.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{_[e]=I(S,e,void 0,h?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),g.setCurrentRouteName=h?I(S,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):I(A,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),g.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!E[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,R)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>j()),!0):j(),g}(e.agentIdentifier,R,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=k),I=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>o,K7:()=>n,P3:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:"jserrors",logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.spa]:5,[n.ajax]:6,[n.sessionTrace]:7,[n.softNav]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9,[n.logging]:10,[n.genericEvents]:11},o={[n.pageViewTiming]:"events",[n.ajax]:"events",[n.spa]:"events",[n.softNav]:"events",[n.metrics]:"jserrors",[n.jserrors]:"jserrors",[n.sessionTrace]:"browser/blobs",[n.sessionReplay]:"browser/blobs",[n.logging]:"browser/logs",[n.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>({212:"nr-spa-compressor",249:"nr-spa-recorder",478:"nr-spa"}[e]+"-1.274.0.min.js"),i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.274.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={478:"sha512-1vUqEfJPB8Pihje9mv5CfYgkitO1FWcS+UQb84DbXqP8oYctRv4/lzl/MzNLPlRhcY1WVDBGL20I8vm6s2VV7g==",249:"sha512-Y/BeZAh6VSTmUtUNmS5XdyKxL92s30Fyyj8xVW76HSPxcKItL4+x2+kGMZc8pMJnUpZDz1L4eftZQAJh3D8NnA==",212:"sha512-Gn2tQ3qog5Yhrx/gRutkSTYPp+7nkKFt4/mIXg99LxcNpMDAYJZDBYmAACdoHNM86+iq1F3cBcQotFNzjIX8bw=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var h=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(h.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=h.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=h.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={38:0,788:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(e=(0,r.LA)(16)){this.agentIdentifier=e}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(425);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),h=i(5289),p=i(6154),g=i(5270),m=i(7767),v=i(6389);class b extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,v.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if((0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6526));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(t.sharedAggregator)await t.sharedAggregator;else{t.sharedAggregator=i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,9337));const{EventAggregator:e}=await t.sharedAggregator;t.sharedAggregator=new e}if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,h.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return(0,g.SR)(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var y=i(6630);class w extends b{static featureName=y.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,y.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(384);var x=i(9908),T=i(2843),A=i(3878),E=i(782),S=i(1863);class N extends b{static featureName=E.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,E.T,t),p.RI&&((0,T.u)((()=>(0,x.p)("docHidden",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,E.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,A.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,x.p)("winPagehide",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,E.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var O=i(3969);class _ extends b{static featureName=O.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,O.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var I=i(6774),j=i(3304);class P{constructor(e,t,r,n,i){this.name="UncaughtError",this.message="string"==typeof e?e:(0,j.A)(e),this.sourceURL=t,this.line=r,this.column=n,this.__newrelic=i}}function C(e){return H(e)?e:new P(void 0!==e?.message?e.message:e,e?.filename||e?.sourceURL,e?.lineno||e?.line,e?.colno||e?.col,e?.__newrelic)}function k(e){const t="Unhandled Promise Rejection";if(!e?.reason)return;if(H(e.reason))try{return e.reason.message=t+": "+e.reason.message,C(e.reason)}catch(t){return C(e.reason)}const r=C(e.reason);return r.message=t+": "+r?.message,r}function L(e){if(e.error instanceof SyntaxError&&!/:\d+$/.test(e.error.stack?.trim())){const t=new P(e.message,e.filename,e.lineno,e.colno,e.error.__newrelic);return t.name=SyntaxError.name,t}return H(e.error)?e.error:C(e)}function H(e){return e instanceof Error&&!!e.stack}class D extends b{static featureName=I.T;#r=!1;constructor(e,r=!0){super(e,I.T,r);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}this.ee.on("internal-error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("ierr",[C(e),(0,S.t)(),!0,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.#r=e})),p.gm.addEventListener("unhandledrejection",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("err",[k(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{unhandledPromiseRejection:1},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),p.gm.addEventListener("error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("err",[L(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var M=i(8990);let K=1;const U="nr@id";function V(e){const t=typeof e;return!e||"object"!==t&&"function"!==t?-1:e===p.gm?0:(0,M.I)(e,U,(function(){return K++}))}function G(e){if("string"==typeof e&&e.length)return e.length;if("object"==typeof e){if("undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&e instanceof ArrayBuffer&&e.byteLength)return e.byteLength;if("undefined"!=typeof Blob&&e instanceof Blob&&e.size)return e.size;if(!("undefined"!=typeof FormData&&e instanceof FormData))try{return(0,j.A)(e).length}catch(e){return}}}var F=i(8139),B=i(7836),W=i(3434);const z={},q=["open","send"];function Z(t){var r=t||B.ee;const n=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("xhr")}(r);if(z[n.debugId]++)return n;z[n.debugId]=1,(0,F.u)(r);var i=(0,W.YM)(n),o=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest,a=p.gm.MutationObserver,s=p.gm.Promise,c=p.gm.setInterval,u="readystatechange",d=["onload","onerror","onabort","onloadstart","onloadend","onprogress","ontimeout"],l=[],f=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest=function(t){const r=new o(t),a=n.context(r);try{n.emit("new-xhr",[r],a),r.addEventListener(u,(s=a,function(){var e=this;e.readyState>3&&!s.resolved&&(s.resolved=!0,n.emit("xhr-resolved",[],e)),i.inPlace(e,d,"fn-",y)}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(15,t);try{n.emit("internal-error",[t])}catch(e){}}var s;return r};function h(e,t){i.inPlace(t,["onreadystatechange"],"fn-",y)}if(function(e,t){for(var r in e)t[r]=e[r]}(o,f),f.prototype=o.prototype,i.inPlace(f.prototype,q,"-xhr-",y),n.on("send-xhr-start",(function(e,t){h(e,t),function(e){l.push(e),a&&(g?g.then(b):c?c(b):(m=-m,v.data=m))}(t)})),n.on("open-xhr-start",h),a){var g=s&&s.resolve();if(!c&&!s){var m=1,v=document.createTextNode(m);new a(b).observe(v,{characterData:!0})}}else r.on("fn-end",(function(e){e[0]&&e[0].type===u||b()}));function b(){for(var e=0;e<l.length;e++)h(0,l[e]);l.length&&(l=[])}function y(e,t){return t}return n}var Y="fetch-",X=Y+"body-",J=["arrayBuffer","blob","json","text","formData"],Q=p.gm.Request,ee=p.gm.Response,te="prototype";const re={};function ne(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("fetch")}(e);if(!(Q&&ee&&p.gm.fetch))return t;if(re[t.debugId]++)return t;function r(e,r,n){var i=e[r];"function"==typeof i&&(e[r]=function(){var e,r=[...arguments],o={};t.emit(n+"before-start",[r],o),o[B.P]&&o[B.P].dt&&(e=o[B.P].dt);var a=i.apply(this,r);return t.emit(n+"start",[r,e],a),a.then((function(e){return t.emit(n+"end",[null,e],a),e}),(function(e){throw t.emit(n+"end",[e],a),e}))})}return re[t.debugId]=1,J.forEach((e=>{r(Q[te],e,X),r(ee[te],e,X)})),r(p.gm,"fetch",Y),t.on(Y+"end",(function(e,r){var n=this;if(r){var i=r.headers.get("content-length");null!==i&&(n.rxSize=i),t.emit(Y+"done",[null,r],n)}else t.emit(Y+"done",[e],n)})),t}var ie=i(7485),oe=i(5603);class ae{constructor(e){this.agentIdentifier=e}generateTracePayload(e){if(!this.shouldGenerateTrace(e))return null;var t=(0,oe.o)(this.agentIdentifier);if(!t)return null;var n=(t.accountID||"").toString()||null,i=(t.agentID||"").toString()||null,o=(t.trustKey||"").toString()||null;if(!n||!i)return null;var a=(0,r.ZF)(),s=(0,r.el)(),c=Date.now(),u={spanId:a,traceId:s,timestamp:c};return(e.sameOrigin||this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useTraceContextHeadersForCors())&&(u.traceContextParentHeader=this.generateTraceContextParentHeader(a,s),u.traceContextStateHeader=this.generateTraceContextStateHeader(a,c,n,i,o)),(e.sameOrigin&&!this.excludeNewrelicHeader()||!e.sameOrigin&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useNewrelicHeaderForCors())&&(u.newrelicHeader=this.generateTraceHeader(a,s,c,n,i,o)),u}generateTraceContextParentHeader(e,t){return"00-"+t+"-"+e+"-01"}generateTraceContextStateHeader(e,t,r,n,i){return i+"@nr=0-1-"+r+"-"+n+"-"+e+"----"+t}generateTraceHeader(e,t,r,n,i,o){if(!("function"==typeof p.gm?.btoa))return null;var a={v:[0,1],d:{ty:"Browser",ac:n,ap:i,id:e,tr:t,ti:r}};return o&&n!==o&&(a.d.tk=o),btoa((0,j.A)(a))}shouldGenerateTrace(e){return this.isDtEnabled()&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)}isAllowedOrigin(e){var t=!1,r={};if((0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing")&&(r=(0,s.D0)(this.agentIdentifier).distributed_tracing),e.sameOrigin)t=!0;else if(r.allowed_origins instanceof Array)for(var n=0;n<r.allowed_origins.length;n++){var i=(0,ie.D)(r.allowed_origins[n]);if(e.hostname===i.hostname&&e.protocol===i.protocol&&e.port===i.port){t=!0;break}}return t}isDtEnabled(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.enabled}excludeNewrelicHeader(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.exclude_newrelic_header}useNewrelicHeaderForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!1!==e.cors_use_newrelic_header}useTraceContextHeadersForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.cors_use_tracecontext_headers}}var se=i(9300),ce=i(7295),ue=["load","error","abort","timeout"],de=ue.length,le=(0,R.dV)().o.REQ,fe=(0,R.dV)().o.XHR;class he extends b{static featureName=se.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,se.T,t),this.dt=new ae(e.agentIdentifier),this.handler=(e,t,r,n)=>(0,x.p)(e,t,r,n,this.ee);try{const e={xmlhttprequest:"xhr",fetch:"fetch",beacon:"beacon"};p.gm?.performance?.getEntriesByType("resource").forEach((t=>{if(t.initiatorType in e&&0!==t.responseStatus){const r={status:t.responseStatus},n={rxSize:t.transferSize,duration:Math.floor(t.duration),cbTime:0};pe(r,t.name),this.handler("xhr",[r,n,t.startTime,t.responseEnd,e[t.initiatorType]],void 0,a.K7.ajax)}}))}catch(e){}ne(this.ee),Z(this.ee),function(e,t,r,n){function i(e){var t=this;t.totalCbs=0,t.called=0,t.cbTime=0,t.end=R,t.ended=!1,t.xhrGuids={},t.lastSize=null,t.loadCaptureCalled=!1,t.params=this.params||{},t.metrics=this.metrics||{},e.addEventListener("load",(function(r){T(t,e)}),(0,A.jT)(!1)),p.lR||e.addEventListener("progress",(function(e){t.lastSize=e.loaded}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}function o(e){this.params={method:e[0]},pe(this,e[1]),this.metrics={}}function s(t,r){e.loader_config.xpid&&this.sameOrigin&&r.setRequestHeader("X-NewRelic-ID",e.loader_config.xpid);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i){var o=!1;i.newrelicHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("newrelic",i.newrelicHeader),o=!0),i.traceContextParentHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("traceparent",i.traceContextParentHeader),i.traceContextStateHeader&&r.setRequestHeader("tracestate",i.traceContextStateHeader),o=!0),o&&(this.dt=i)}}function c(e,r){var n=this.metrics,i=e[0],o=this;if(n&&i){var a=G(i);a&&(n.txSize=a)}this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.body=i,this.listener=function(e){try{"abort"!==e.type||o.loadCaptureCalled||(o.params.aborted=!0),("load"!==e.type||o.called===o.totalCbs&&(o.onloadCalled||"function"!=typeof r.onload)&&"function"==typeof o.end)&&o.end(r)}catch(e){try{t.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}}};for(var s=0;s<de;s++)r.addEventListener(ue[s],this.listener,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function u(e,t,r){this.cbTime+=e,t?this.onloadCalled=!0:this.called+=1,this.called!==this.totalCbs||!this.onloadCalled&&"function"==typeof r.onload||"function"!=typeof this.end||this.end(r)}function d(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&!this.xhrGuids[r]&&(this.xhrGuids[r]=!0,this.totalCbs+=1)}function l(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&this.xhrGuids[r]&&(delete this.xhrGuids[r],this.totalCbs-=1)}function f(){this.endTime=(0,S.t)()}function h(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-added",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function g(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-removed",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function m(e,t,r){t instanceof fe&&("onload"===r&&(this.onload=!0),("load"===(e[0]&&e[0].type)||this.onload)&&(this.xhrCbStart=(0,S.t)()))}function v(e,r){this.xhrCbStart&&t.emit("xhr-cb-time",[(0,S.t)()-this.xhrCbStart,this.onload,r],r)}function b(e){var t,r=e[1]||{};if("string"==typeof e[0]?0===(t=e[0]).length&&p.RI&&(t=""+p.gm.location.href):e[0]&&e[0].url?t=e[0].url:p.gm?.URL&&e[0]&&e[0]instanceof URL?t=e[0].href:"function"==typeof e[0].toString&&(t=e[0].toString()),"string"==typeof t&&0!==t.length){t&&(this.parsedOrigin=(0,ie.D)(t),this.sameOrigin=this.parsedOrigin.sameOrigin);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i&&(i.newrelicHeader||i.traceContextParentHeader))if(e[0]&&e[0].headers)s(e[0].headers,i)&&(this.dt=i);else{var o={};for(var a in r)o[a]=r[a];o.headers=new Headers(r.headers||{}),s(o.headers,i)&&(this.dt=i),e.length>1?e[1]=o:e.push(o)}}function s(e,t){var r=!1;return t.newrelicHeader&&(e.set("newrelic",t.newrelicHeader),r=!0),t.traceContextParentHeader&&(e.set("traceparent",t.traceContextParentHeader),t.traceContextStateHeader&&e.set("tracestate",t.traceContextStateHeader),r=!0),r}}function y(e,t){this.params={},this.metrics={},this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.dt=t,e.length>=1&&(this.target=e[0]),e.length>=2&&(this.opts=e[1]);var r,n=this.opts||{},i=this.target;"string"==typeof i?r=i:"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof le?r=i.url:p.gm?.URL&&"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof URL&&(r=i.href),pe(this,r);var o=(""+(i&&i instanceof le&&i.method||n.method||"GET")).toUpperCase();this.params.method=o,this.body=n.body,this.txSize=G(n.body)||0}function w(e,t){if(this.endTime=(0,S.t)(),this.params||(this.params={}),(0,ce.iW)(this.params))return;let n;this.params.status=t?t.status:0,"string"==typeof this.rxSize&&this.rxSize.length>0&&(n=+this.rxSize);const i={txSize:this.txSize,rxSize:n,duration:(0,S.t)()-this.startTime};r("xhr",[this.params,i,this.startTime,this.endTime,"fetch"],this,a.K7.ajax)}function R(e){const t=this.params,n=this.metrics;if(!this.ended){this.ended=!0;for(let t=0;t<de;t++)e.removeEventListener(ue[t],this.listener,!1);t.aborted||(0,ce.iW)(t)||(n.duration=(0,S.t)()-this.startTime,this.loadCazptureCalled||4!==e.readyState?null==t.status&&(t.status=0):T(this,e),n.cbTime=this.cbTime,r("xhr",[t,n,this.startTime,this.endTime,"xhr"],this,a.K7.ajax))}}function T(e,r){e.params.status=r.status;var n=function(e,t){var r=e.responseType;return"json"===r&&null!==t?t:"arraybuffer"===r||"blob"===r||"json"===r?G(e.response):"text"===r||""===r||void 0===r?G(e.responseText):void 0}(r,e.lastSize);if(n&&(e.metrics.rxSize=n),e.sameOrigin){var i=r.getResponseHeader("X-NewRelic-App-Data");i&&((0,x.p)(O.rs,["Ajax/CrossApplicationTracing/Header/Seen"],void 0,a.K7.metrics,t),e.params.cat=i.split(", ").pop())}e.loadCaptureCalled=!0}t.on("new-xhr",i),t.on("open-xhr-start",o),t.on("open-xhr-end",s),t.on("send-xhr-start",c),t.on("xhr-cb-time",u),t.on("xhr-load-added",d),t.on("xhr-load-removed",l),t.on("xhr-resolved",f),t.on("addEventListener-end",h),t.on("removeEventListener-end",g),t.on("fn-end",v),t.on("fetch-before-start",b),t.on("fetch-start",y),t.on("fn-start",m),t.on("fetch-done",w)}(e,this.ee,this.handler,this.dt),this.importAggregator(e)}}function pe(e,t){var r=(0,ie.D)(t),n=e.params||e;n.hostname=r.hostname,n.port=r.port,n.protocol=r.protocol,n.host=r.hostname+":"+r.port,n.pathname=r.pathname,e.parsedOrigin=r,e.sameOrigin=r.sameOrigin}const ge={},me=["pushState","replaceState"];function ve(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("history")}(e);return!p.RI||ge[t.debugId]++||(ge[t.debugId]=1,(0,W.YM)(t).inPlace(window.history,me,"-")),t}var be=i(3738);const{He:ye,bD:we,d3:Re,Kp:xe,TZ:Te,Lc:Ae,uP:Ee,Rz:Se}=be;class Ne extends b{static featureName=Te;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,Te,t);if(!(0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier))return void this.deregisterDrain();const r=this.ee;let n;ve(r),this.eventsEE=(0,F.u)(r),this.eventsEE.on(Ee,(function(e,t){this.bstStart=(0,S.t)()})),this.eventsEE.on(Ae,(function(e,t){(0,x.p)("bst",[e[0],t,this.bstStart,(0,S.t)()],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),r.on(Se+Re,(function(e){this.time=(0,S.t)(),this.startPath=location.pathname+location.hash})),r.on(Se+xe,(function(e){(0,x.p)("bstHist",[location.pathname+location.hash,this.startPath,this.time],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)}));try{n=new PerformanceObserver((e=>{const t=e.getEntries();(0,x.p)(ye,[t],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),n.observe({type:we,buffered:!0})}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(e,{resourceObserver:n})}}var Oe=i(2614);class _e extends b{static featureName=t.TZ;#i;#o;constructor(e,r=!0){let n;super(e,t.TZ,r),this.replayRunning=!1,this.#o=e;try{n=JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("".concat(Oe.H3,"_").concat(Oe.uh)))}catch(e){}(0,g.SR)(e.agentIdentifier)&&this.ee.on(t.G4.RECORD,(()=>this.#a())),this.#s(n)?(this.#i=n?.sessionReplayMode,this.#c()):this.importAggregator(e),this.ee.on("err",(e=>{this.replayRunning&&(this.errorNoticed=!0,(0,x.p)(t.G4.ERROR_DURING_REPLAY,[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee))})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.replayRunning=e}))}#s(e){return e&&(e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.FULL||e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.ERROR)||(0,g.Aw)(this.agentIdentifier)}#u=!1;async#c(e){if(!this.#u){this.#u=!0;try{const{Recorder:t}=await Promise.all([i.e(478),i.e(249)]).then(i.bind(i,8589));this.recorder??=new t({mode:this.#i,agentIdentifier:this.agentIdentifier,trigger:e,ee:this.ee}),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(this.#o,{recorder:this.recorder,errorNoticed:this.errorNoticed})}}#a(){this.featAggregate?this.featAggregate.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&this.featAggregate.initializeRecording(Oe.g.FULL,!0):(this.#i=Oe.g.FULL,this.#c(t.Qb.API),this.recorder&&this.recorder.parent.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&(this.recorder.parent.mode=Oe.g.FULL,this.recorder.stopRecording(),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording))}}var Ie=i(3962);class je extends b{static featureName=Ie.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,Ie.TZ,t),!p.RI||!(0,R.dV)().o.MO)return;const r=ve(this.ee);Ie.tC.forEach((e=>{(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>{a(e)}),!0)}));const n=()=>(0,x.p)("newURL",[(0,S.t)(),""+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee);r.on("pushState-end",n),r.on("replaceState-end",n);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}(0,A.sp)("popstate",(e=>(0,x.p)("newURL",[e.timeStamp,""+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal);let i=!1;const o=new((0,R.dV)().o.MO)(((e,t)=>{i||(i=!0,requestAnimationFrame((()=>{(0,x.p)("newDom",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),i=!1})))})),a=(0,v.s)((e=>{(0,x.p)("newUIEvent",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),o.observe(document.body,{attributes:!0,childList:!0,subtree:!0,characterData:!0})}),100,{leading:!0});this.abortHandler=function(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),o.disconnect(),this.abortHandler=void 0},this.importAggregator(e,{domObserver:o})}}var Pe=i(7378);const Ce={},ke=["appendChild","insertBefore","replaceChild"];function Le(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("jsonp")}(e);if(!p.RI||Ce[t.debugId])return t;Ce[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=/[?&](?:callback|cb)=([^&#]+)/,i=/(.*)\.([^.]+)/,o=/^(\w+)(\.|$)(.*)$/;function a(e,t){if(!e)return t;const r=e.match(o),n=r[1];return a(r[3],t[n])}return r.inPlace(Node.prototype,ke,"dom-"),t.on("dom-start",(function(e){!function(e){if(!e||"string"!=typeof e.nodeName||"script"!==e.nodeName.toLowerCase())return;if("function"!=typeof e.addEventListener)return;var o=(s=e.src,c=s.match(n),c?c[1]:null);var s,c;if(!o)return;var u=function(e){var t=e.match(i);if(t&&t.length>=3)return{key:t[2],parent:a(t[1],window)};return{key:e,parent:window}}(o);if("function"!=typeof u.parent[u.key])return;var d={};function l(){t.emit("jsonp-end",[],d),e.removeEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function f(){t.emit("jsonp-error",[],d),t.emit("jsonp-end",[],d),e.removeEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1))}r.inPlace(u.parent,[u.key],"cb-",d),e.addEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.addEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1)),t.emit("new-jsonp",[e.src],d)}(e[0])})),t}const He={};function De(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("promise")}(e);if(He[t.debugId])return t;He[t.debugId]=!0;var r=t.context,n=(0,W.YM)(t),i=p.gm.Promise;return i&&function(){function e(r){var o=t.context(),a=n(r,"executor-",o,null,!1);const s=Reflect.construct(i,[a],e);return t.context(s).getCtx=function(){return o},s}p.gm.Promise=e,Object.defineProperty(e,"name",{value:"Promise"}),e.toString=function(){return i.toString()},Object.setPrototypeOf(e,i),["all","race"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){let i=!1;[...e||[]].forEach((e=>{this.resolve(e).then(a("all"===r),a(!1))}));const o=n.apply(this,arguments);return o;function a(e){return function(){t.emit("propagate",[null,!i],o,!1,!1),i=i||!e}}}})),["resolve","reject"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){const r=n.apply(this,arguments);return e!==r&&t.emit("propagate",[e,!0],r,!1,!1),r}})),e.prototype=i.prototype;const o=i.prototype.then;i.prototype.then=function(...e){var i=this,a=r(i);a.promise=i,e[0]=n(e[0],"cb-",a,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],"cb-",a,null,!1);const s=o.apply(this,e);return a.nextPromise=s,t.emit("propagate",[i,!0],s,!1,!1),s},i.prototype.then[W.Jt]=o,t.on("executor-start",(function(e){e[0]=n(e[0],"resolve-",this,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],"resolve-",this,null,!1)})),t.on("executor-err",(function(e,t,r){e[1](r)})),t.on("cb-end",(function(e,r,n){t.emit("propagate",[n,!0],this.nextPromise,!1,!1)})),t.on("propagate",(function(e,r,n){this.getCtx&&!r||(this.getCtx=function(){if(e instanceof Promise)var r=t.context(e);return r&&r.getCtx?r.getCtx():this})}))}(),t}const Me={},Ke="setTimeout",Ue="setInterval",Ve="clearTimeout",Ge="-start",Fe=[Ke,"setImmediate",Ue,Ve,"clearImmediate"];function Be(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("timer")}(e);if(Me[t.debugId]++)return t;Me[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,W.YM)(t);return r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(0,2),Ke+"-"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(2,3),Ue+"-"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(3),Ve+"-"),t.on(Ue+Ge,(function(e,t,n){e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-",null,n)})),t.on(Ke+Ge,(function(e,t,n){this.method=n,this.timerDuration=isNaN(e[1])?0:+e[1],e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-",this,n)})),t}const We={};function ze(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("mutation")}(e);if(!p.RI||We[t.debugId])return t;We[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=p.gm.MutationObserver;return n&&(window.MutationObserver=function(e){return this instanceof n?new n(r(e,"fn-")):n.apply(this,arguments)},MutationObserver.prototype=n.prototype),t}const{TZ:qe,d3:Ze,Kp:Ye,$p:Xe,wW:Je,e5:Qe,tH:$e,uP:et,rw:tt,Lc:rt}=Pe;class nt extends b{static featureName=qe;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,qe,t),!p.RI)return;try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}let r,n=0;const i=this.ee.get("tracer"),o=Le(this.ee),a=De(this.ee),s=Be(this.ee),c=Z(this.ee),u=this.ee.get("events"),d=ne(this.ee),l=ve(this.ee),f=ze(this.ee);function h(e,t){l.emit("newURL",[""+window.location,t])}function g(){n++,r=window.location.hash,this[et]=(0,S.t)()}function m(){n--,window.location.hash!==r&&h(0,!0);var e=(0,S.t)();this[Qe]=~~this[Qe]+e-this[et],this[rt]=e}function v(e,t){e.on(t,(function(){this[t]=(0,S.t)()}))}this.ee.on(et,g),a.on(tt,g),o.on(tt,g),this.ee.on(rt,m),a.on(Je,m),o.on(Je,m),this.ee.on("fn-err",((...t)=>{t[2]?.__newrelic?.[e.agentIdentifier]||(0,x.p)("function-err",[...t],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.buffer([et,rt,"xhr-resolved"],this.featureName),u.buffer([et],this.featureName),s.buffer(["setTimeout"+Ye,"clearTimeout"+Ze,et],this.featureName),c.buffer([et,"new-xhr","send-xhr"+Ze],this.featureName),d.buffer([$e+Ze,$e+"-done",$e+Xe+Ze,$e+Xe+Ye],this.featureName),l.buffer(["newURL"],this.featureName),f.buffer([et],this.featureName),a.buffer(["propagate",tt,Je,"executor-err","resolve"+Ze],this.featureName),i.buffer([et,"no-"+et],this.featureName),o.buffer(["new-jsonp","cb-start","jsonp-error","jsonp-end"],this.featureName),v(d,$e+Ze),v(d,$e+"-done"),v(o,"new-jsonp"),v(o,"jsonp-end"),v(o,"cb-start"),l.on("pushState-end",h),l.on("replaceState-end",h),window.addEventListener("hashchange",h,(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("load",h,(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("popstate",(function(){h(0,n>1)}),(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var it=i(3333);class ot extends b{static featureName=it.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,it.TZ,t);const r=[e.init.page_action.enabled,e.init.performance.capture_marks,e.init.performance.capture_measures,e.init.user_actions.enabled];p.RI&&e.init.user_actions.enabled&&(it.Zp.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,x.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0))),it.qN.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,x.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)))))),r.some((e=>e))?this.importAggregator(e):this.deregisterDrain()}}var at=i(993),st=i(3785);class ct extends b{static featureName=at.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,at.TZ,t);const r=this.ee;this.ee.on("wrap-logger-end",(function([e]){const{level:t,customAttributes:n}=this;(0,st.R)(r,e,n,t)})),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t,r){super(r),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,R.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(w),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,R.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[he,w,N,Ne,_e,_,D,ot,ct,je,nt],loaderType:"spa"})})()})();</script> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//www.rsc-cdn.org"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//www.googletagmanager.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//www.google-analytics.com"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/favicon-32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/favicon-16x16.png"> <link rel="manifest" href="/site.webmanifest"> <link rel="mask-icon" href="/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#5bbad5"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#2d89ef"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff">  <link href="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/oxygen/assets/webfonts/fonts.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <link href="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.159/content/stylesheets/pubs-ui.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://pubs.rsc.org" /> <meta name="description" content="This platform provides access to journals, books and databases from RSC Publishing, linking over 1 million chemical science articles and chapters. You can access the latest research of interest using the custom eAlerts, RSS feeds and blogs or you can explore content using the quick and advanced searches. Discover the highest quality integrated scientific research today - search faster, navigate smarter and connect more." /> <meta name="fragment" content="!" />  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn-ukwest.onetrust.com/consent/4858ece2-d985-4da2-982d-42219fead606/OtAutoBlock.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-ukwest.onetrust.com/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8" data-domain-script="4858ece2-d985-4da2-982d-42219fead606"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> function OptanonWrapper() { } </script>   <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-5HVSFVCN');</script>  </head> <body id="pagetop" class="oxy-ui pubs-ui hp-page ">  <noscript> <iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5HVSFVCN" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe> </noscript>  <div data-id="pnlAccSkipLinks" class="skipto-control"> <a href="#maincontent" class="skipto__link"> <div class="viewport r-gutter"> Jump to main content <img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/oxygen/assets/icons/arrow-right-o-light.png" width="24" class="ver-m" alt=""> </div> </a> <a href="#SearchText" class="skipto__link"> <div class="viewport r-gutter"> Jump to site search <img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/oxygen/assets/icons/arrow-right-o-light.png" width="24" class="ver-m" alt=""> </div> </a> </div> <header role="banner" data-id="pnlGlobalHeader" class="pubs-header"> <div class="viewport"> <div class="pubs-header__wrapper"> <div class="pubs-header__cell pubs-header__cell--menu"> <a href="#" role="button" id="btnHamburgerMainNav" class="pubs-header__btn pubs-header__btn--open" aria-label="Open site menu"><img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/oxygen/assets/icons/menu-light.png" width="24" alt=""></a> </div> <div class="pubs-header__cell pubs-header__cell--home"> <a href="/" class="pubs-header__link pubs-header__link--home" title="Publishing home page" aria-label="Publishing home page">Publishing</a> </div> <div class="pubs-header__cell pubs-header__cell--nav"> <nav class="pubs-header__nav"> <ul> <li class="pubs-header__nav-item"><a href="/en/journals?key=title&value=current" class="pubs-header__link" target="_self">Journals</a></li> <li class="pubs-header__nav-item"><a href="https://books.rsc.org/books/search-results?fl_SiteID=5&page=1&f_ContentType=Book&sort=Date+-+Newest+First" class="pubs-header__link" target="_blank">Books</a></li> <li class="pubs-header__nav-item"><a href="https://www.rsc.org/journals-books-databases/databases-literature-updates/" class="pubs-header__link" target="_blank">Databases</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="pubs-header__cell pubs-header__cell--search-mobile"> <a href="#" class="pubs-header__btn" aria-label="Search" id="mobileSearchTrigger"><img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/oxygen/assets/icons/search-light.png" width="24" alt="" id="mobileSearchIcon"></a> </div> <div class="pubs-header__cell pubs-header__cell--search"> <div class="pubs-search-control"> <form action="/en/results" aria-label="Sitewide" id="SimpleSearch-form" method="post" role="search"> <label for="SearchText" class="sr-only">Search</label> <input autocomplete="off" class="pubs-search__input" id="SearchText" name="SearchText" type="search" value="" /> <div class="pubs-search__actions"> <button class="input__search-submit" type="submit" aria-label="Search" id="btnNavSearchInput"><img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/oxygen/assets/icons/arrow-right.png" width="32" alt=""></button> <a class="pubs-search__adv-link" href="/en/search/advancedsearch" aria-label="Advanced search" id="advancedLink">Advanced</a> </div> <span class="pubs-search__icon"></span> </form> </div> </div> <div class="pubs-header__cell pubs-header__cell--login"> <a href="/en/account/logon" class="pubs-header__btn" aria-label="Log in or register"><img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/oxygen/assets/icons/user-light.png" width="24" alt="" id="userIcon"></a> </div> <div class="pubs-header__cell pubs-header__cell--trolley"> <a href="https://www.rsc.org/basket/shoppingcart/orderitems?returnurl=https://pubs.rsc.org/" class="pubs-header__btn" aria-label="View your basket"><img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/oxygen/assets/icons/trolley-light.png" width="24" alt="" id="trolleyIcon"></a> <span class="badge badge--count" style="display: none;"></span> </div> <div class="pubs-header__cell pubs-header__cell--logo"> <a href="https://www.rsc.org" class=""><img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.159/content/NewImages/rsc-logo-rev-pubs.svg" height="40" alt="Royal Society of Chemistry homepage"></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mobile-search" id="mobileSearchPanel"> <div class="viewport"> <div class=""> <div class="autopad--h fixpadt--l"> <form action="/en/results" aria-label="Sitewide" id="SimpleSearch-formMobile" method="post" role="search"> <label for="SearchTextMobile" class="sr-only">Search</label> <div class="input__search"> <i class="icon--search"></i> <input autocomplete="off" placeholder="Search term, doi, title, author" type="search" class="input__field input__field--basic input__label--block" id="SearchTextMobile" name="SearchText"> <button class="input__search-submit" name="search" type="submit" aria-label="Search"> <img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/oxygen/assets/icons/arrow-right.png" width="32" alt="" class="input__submit-icon"> </button> </div> <div class="input--error" id="errSimpleSearchMobileText">You must enter a search term</div> <div class="fixpadv--m"> <a class="pubs-search__adv-link " href="/en/search/advancedsearch" aria-label="Advanced search" id="advancedLink">Advanced search</a> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="auth-header" data-id="pnlAuthHeader"> <div data-id="pnlSignIn"></div> <div class="viewport"> <div class="auth-header__institute-access"> <div class="auth-header__institute-messaging"> <span id="divWelcomeUser"></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <main role="main"> <div class="page-head page-head--std"> <div class="viewport"> <div class="page-head__wrapper"> <div class="page-head__cell page-head__cell--info page-head__vcenter"> <h1 class="page-head__title page-head__vcenter"> <span class="page-head__context">The Royal Society of Chemistry’s</span> <span>Journals, Books and Databases</span> </h1> </div> </div> </div> </div> <noscript> <div class="viewport autopad--h fixpadb--m"> <div class="plate plate--warning"> You do not have JavaScript enabled. Please enable JavaScript to access the full features of the site or access our <a href="/en/home/nonjavascriptversion">non-JavaScript page</a>. </div> </div> </noscript> <div id="maincontent"> <div id="a11y-announcer" class="sr-only" aria-live="assertive" aria-atomic="true"></div> <script async src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js"></script> <script> var googletag = googletag || {}; googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || []; </script> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.defineSlot('/97414310/pubs_generic_mpu_1', [300, 250], 'div-dfp-ad-1').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/97414310/pubs_generic_mpu_2', [300, 250], 'div-dfp-ad-2').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/97414310/pubs_generic_mpu_3', [300, 250], 'div-dfp-ad-3').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.enableServices(); }); </script> <div class="viewport"> <div class="layout-control"> <div class="layout__panel layout__panel--primary layout__panel--60 layout__panel--filled"> <section class="layout__content"> <div class="autopad--h fixpadv--xl"> <a href="/en/journals?key=title&value=current" class="btn btn--tiny pos--right">View all journals</a> <h2 class="h--heading2 no-heading">Our journals</h2> <div class="fixpadv--xl text--centered v-mobile-hide--inline hp-cover-img"> <div class="fixpadv--xl v-mobile-hide--inline cover-img"> <a id="journalsHPCoverImgSE" href="/en/journals/journal/se"> <img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.159/content/NewImages/journals-cover-img-sef.jpg" alt="Sustainable Energy and Fuels journal"> </a> </div> <div class="fixpadv--xl v-mobile-hide--inline cover-img"> <a id="journalsHPCoverImgCC" href="/en/journals/journal/cc"> <img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.159/content/NewImages/journals-cover-img-cc.jpg" alt="Chemical Communications journal"> </a> </div> <div class="fixpadv--xl v-mobile-hide--inline cover-img"> <a id="journalsHPCoverImgSC" href="/en/journals/journal/sc"> <img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.159/content/NewImages/journals-cover-img-cs.jpg" alt="Chemical Science journal"> </a> </div> <div class="fixpadv--xl v-mobile-hide--inline cover-img"> <a id="journalsHPCoverImgME" href="/en/journals/journal/me"> <img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.159/content/NewImages/journals-cover-img-msde.jpg" alt="Molecular Systems Design and Engineering journal"> </a> </div> <div class="fixpadv--xl v-mobile-hide--inline cover-img"> <a id="journalsHPCoverImgNP" href="/en/journals/journal/np"> <img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.159/content/NewImages/journals-cover-img-npr.jpg" alt="Natural Product Reports journal"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="bg-lighter"> <div class="column-table column-table--full columns-two"> <div class="column-table__cell"> <div class="input-group autopad--h fixpadt--l"> <form action="/en/results" aria-label="Journals" id="JournalsSearch-form" method="post" role="search"> <label for="JournalsSearchText" class="input__label">Search our journals</label> <div class="input__search"> <i class="icon--search"></i> <input type="search" class="input__field input__field--basic input__label--block" id="JournalsSearchText" name="SearchText" aria-describedby="descJournalsSearchText"> <button class="input__search-submit" name="search" type="submit" aria-label="Search"> <img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/oxygen/assets/icons/arrow-right.png" width="32" alt="" class="input__submit-icon"> </button> </div> <div class="input--error" id="errJournalsSearchText">You must enter a search term</div> <div class="input__help" id="descJournalsSearchText">eg Journal title, search term, author, DOI</div> </form> </div> <div class="autopad jlp-journal-list"> <h3 class="input__label no-heading">Jump straight to a journal</h3> <div class="overflow overflowy--320 pnl--border scrollbar--slim"> <div class="journal-list--content"> <div class="list-control"> <ul class="list__collection"> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/an" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Analyst <span class="list__item-additional">1876 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/ay" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Analytical Methods <span class="list__item-additional">2009 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/bm" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Biomaterials Science <span class="list__item-additional">2013 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/cy" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Catalysis Science & Technology <span class="list__item-additional">2011 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/cc" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Chemical Communications <span class="list__item-additional">1996 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/sc" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Chemical Science <span class="list__item-additional">2010 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/cs" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Chemical Society Reviews <span class="list__item-additional">1972 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/rp" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Chemistry Education Research and Practice <span class="list__item-additional">2000 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/ce" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> CrystEngComm <span class="list__item-additional">1999 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/dt" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Dalton Transactions <span class="list__item-additional">2003 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/dd" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Digital Discovery <span class="list__item-additional">2022 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/eb" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> EES Batteries <span class="list__item-additional">2025 - This journal is coming soon</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/ey" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> EES Catalysis <span class="list__item-additional">2023 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/el" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> EES Solar <span class="list__item-additional">2025 - This journal is coming soon</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/ee" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Energy & Environmental Science <span class="list__item-additional">2008 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/ya" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Energy Advances <span class="list__item-additional">2022 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/va" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Environmental Science: Advances <span class="list__item-additional">2022 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/ea" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Environmental Science: Atmospheres <span class="list__item-additional">2021 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/en" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Environmental Science: Nano <span class="list__item-additional">2014 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/em" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts <span class="list__item-additional">2013 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/ew" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology <span class="list__item-additional">2015 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/fd" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Faraday Discussions <span class="list__item-additional">1991 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/fo" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Food & Function <span class="list__item-additional">2010 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/gc" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Green Chemistry <span class="list__item-additional">1999 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/im" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Industrial Chemistry & Materials <span class="list__item-additional">2023 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/qi" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers <span class="list__item-additional">2014 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/ja" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry <span class="list__item-additional">1986 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/ta" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Journal of Materials Chemistry A <span class="list__item-additional">2013 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/tb" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Journal of Materials Chemistry B <span class="list__item-additional">2013 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/tc" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Journal of Materials Chemistry C <span class="list__item-additional">2013 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/lc" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Lab on a Chip <span class="list__item-additional">2001 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/ma" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Materials Advances <span class="list__item-additional">2020 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/qm" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Materials Chemistry Frontiers <span class="list__item-additional">2017 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/mh" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Materials Horizons <span class="list__item-additional">2014 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/mo" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Molecular Omics <span class="list__item-additional">2018 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/me" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Molecular Systems Design & Engineering <span class="list__item-additional">2016 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/nr" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Nanoscale <span class="list__item-additional">2009 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/na" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Nanoscale Advances <span class="list__item-additional">2018 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/nh" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Nanoscale Horizons <span class="list__item-additional">2016 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/np" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Natural Product Reports <span class="list__item-additional">1984 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/nj" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> New Journal of Chemistry <span class="list__item-additional">1998 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/ob" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry <span class="list__item-additional">2003 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/qo" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Organic Chemistry Frontiers <span class="list__item-additional">2014 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/cp" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics <span class="list__item-additional">1999 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/py" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Polymer Chemistry <span class="list__item-additional">2010 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/re" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Reaction Chemistry & Engineering <span class="list__item-additional">2016 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/ra" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> RSC Advances <span class="list__item-additional">2011 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/lf" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> RSC Applied Interfaces <span class="list__item-additional">2023 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/lp" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> RSC Applied Polymers <span class="list__item-additional">2023 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/cb" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> RSC Chemical Biology <span class="list__item-additional">2020 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/mr" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> RSC Mechanochemistry <span class="list__item-additional">2024 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/md" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> RSC Medicinal Chemistry <span class="list__item-additional">2020 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/pm" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> RSC Pharmaceutics <span class="list__item-additional">2024 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/su" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> RSC Sustainability <span class="list__item-additional">2023 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/sd" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Sensors & Diagnostics <span class="list__item-additional">2022 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/sm" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Soft Matter <span class="list__item-additional">2005 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/se" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Sustainable Energy & Fuels <span class="list__item-additional">2017 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="list__item--dashed "> <a href="/en/journals/journal/fb" class="list__item-link"> <span class="list__text-col"> <span class="list__item-label"> Sustainable Food Technology <span class="list__item-additional">2023 - Present</span> </span> </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <hr class="clear"><br> <section class="layout__content"> <div class="autopad--h fixpadv--xl"> <a href="https://books.rsc.org/books/search-results?fl_SiteID=5&page=1&f_ContentType=Book&sort=Date+-+Newest+First" class="btn btn--tiny pos--right">View all books</a> <h2 class="h--heading2 no-heading">Our books</h2> <div class="fixpadv--xxl text--centered"> <img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.159/content/NewImages/hp-our-books.jpg" alt="" class="hp-mk-img v-mobile-hide--inline fixpadv--xxl"> </div> </div> </section> <hr class="clear"><br> <section class="layout__content"> <div class="autopad--h fixpadv--xl"> <a href="https://www.rsc.org/journals-books-databases/databases-literature-updates/" class="btn btn--tiny pos--right">View all databases</a> <h2 class="h--heading2 no-heading">Our databases</h2> <hr class="clear"><br> <div class="bg-lighter"> <div class="column-table column-table--full columns-two"> <div class="column-table__cell"> <div class="autopad"> <form id="CompoundFinder-form" action="https://www.chemspider.com/search.aspx" target="_blank" role="search" aria-label="Databases" method="get"> <div class="input-group"> <img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.159/content/NewImages/chemspider-powered-by-logo.png" alt="Powered by ChemSpider - Search and share chemistry" height="48" class="pos--right"> <label for="q" class="input__label">Search for compounds</label> <div class="input__search"> <i class="icon--search"></i> <input type="search" class="input__field input__field--basic input__label--block" id="q" name="q" value="" aria-describedby="descDatabasesSearchText"> <button class="input__search-submit" name="search" type="submit" aria-label="Search"> <img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/oxygen/assets/icons/arrow-right.png" width="32" alt="" class="input__submit-icon"> </button> </div> <div class="input--error" id="errDatabasesSearchText">You must enter a search term</div> <div class="input__help" id="descDatabasesSearchText">eg Systematic Name, Synonym, Trade Name, InChI</div> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="layout__panel layout__panel--secondary layout__panel--40 layout__panel--filled"> <section class="layout__content layout__content--padded"> <div class="fixpadv--m"> <h2 class="h--heading2 no-heading">About our publications</h2> <p>The Royal Society of Chemistry publishes 58 peer-reviewed journals, around 2,000 book titles and a collection of online databases and literature updating services.</p> <p>Our international publishing portfolio covers the core chemical sciences including related fields such as biology, biophysics, energy and environment, engineering, materials, medicine and physics. As a not-for-profit publisher, we reinvest surplus funds back into the global scientific community, supporting our mission to advance excellence in the chemical sciences.</p> </div> </section> <hr class="clear"><br> <section class="layout__content layout__content--padded"> <div class="fixpadv--m"> <h2 class="h--heading2 no-heading">Open access <img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.159/content/NewImages/open-access-icon-orange.png" alt="" class="ver-t" width="24" height="24" /></h2> <p>All of our journals offer authors the option to choose an open access licence. In addition to our subscription journals, where authors can also publish through the traditional route, we have a growing number of fully open access journals.</p> <div class="fixpadv--m"> <a href="https://www.rsc.org/journals-books-databases/open-access/" class="btn btn--block"> Open access information for authors </a> </div> </div> </section> <hr class="clear"><br> <section class="layout__content layout__content--padded"> <div class="fixpadv--m"> <h2 class="h--heading2 no-heading">Librarian information</h2> <p>Our librarians’ information section contains free resources, tools, news and downloads to help you serve your library community.</p> <div class="fixpadv--m"> <a href="/en/librarian/home" class="btn btn--primary btn--block btn--stack">Log in to the librarians portal</a> <a href="https://www.rsc.org/journals-books-databases/librarians-information/librarians-portal-account/" class="btn btn--block btn--stack"> How to apply for a portal account </a> </div> </div> </section> <section class="layout__content layout__content--padded text--centered"> <h3 class="h--heading4">Spotlight</h3> <div id='div-dfp-ad-1' class="dfp-ad__slot--mpu"> <script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-dfp-ad-1'); });</script> </div> <h3 class="h--heading4">Advertisements</h3> <div id='div-dfp-ad-2' class="dfp-ad__slot--mpu"> <script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-dfp-ad-2'); });</script> </div> <div id='div-dfp-ad-3' class="dfp-ad__slot--mpu"> <script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-dfp-ad-3'); });</script> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> <div data-id="pnlGlobalFooter"> <div class="rsc-ui">  <footer class="rsc-footer"> <div class="breadcrumbs"> <div class="viewport"> <nav aria-label="Breadcrumb"> <ul> <li class="extra"><a href="https://www.rsc.org">rsc.org</a></li> <li> <img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.159/content/NewImages/chevron-right.png" width="8" height="8" alt="" /> <a href="https://www.rsc.org/journals-books-databases/" class="selected">Journals, books & databases</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <div class='nav' id='pnlSiteMap'> <div class='viewport'> <div class='rsc-logo'> <img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.159/content/NewImages/rsc-logo-rev-pubs.svg" alt="Royal Society of Chemistry homepage"> </div> <div class='links'> <ul> <li><a href='https://www.rsc.org/'>Home</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.rsc.org/about-us/'>About us</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.rsc.org/membership-and-community/'>Membership & professional community</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.rsc.org/campaigning-outreach/'>Campaigning & outreach</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.rsc.org/journals-books-databases/'>Journals, books & databases</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.rsc.org/teaching-and-learning/'>Teaching & learning</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.rsc.org/news-events/'>News & events</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.rsc.org/locations-contacts/'>Locations & contacts</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.rsc.org/careers/'>Careers</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.rsc.org/awards-funding/'>Awards & funding</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.rsc.org/advertise/'>Advertise</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.rsc.org/help-legal/'>Help & legal</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.rsc.org/help-legal/legal/privacy/'>Privacy policy</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.rsc.org/help-legal/legal/terms-conditions/'>Terms & conditions</a></li> </ul> </div> <hr class='clear'> </div> </div> <div class='baseline'> <div class='viewport'> <div class='social-icons'> <a href='https://www.facebook.com/RoyalSocietyofChemistry' class='facebook'><span class='sr-only'>Facebook</span><img src='https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.159/content/NewImages/facebook-128.png' height='32' width='32' alt=''></a> <a href='https://twitter.com/RoySocChem' class='twitter'><span class='sr-only'>Twitter</span><img src='https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.159/content/NewImages/twitter-128.png' height='32' width='32' alt=''></a> <a href='https://www.linkedin.com/company/23105' class='linkedin'><span class='sr-only'>LinkedIn</span><img src='https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.159/content/NewImages/linkedin-128.png' height='32' width='32' alt=''></a> <a href='https://www.youtube.com/user/wwwRSCorg' id='lastLinkOnPage' class='youtube'><span class='sr-only'>YouTube</span><img src='https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.159/content/NewImages/youtube-128.png' height='32' width='32' alt=''></a> </div> <div class='copyright'> © Royal Society of Chemistry 2024<br>Registered charity number: 207890 </div> </div> </div> <hr class='clear'> </footer>  <div class="rsc-onetrust-cookie-footer"> <div id="rsc-onetrust-cookie-footer-non-br">This website collects cookies to deliver a better user experience. <span id="rsc-onetrust-cookie-footer-global"> See how this site uses <a href="/en/content/cookies" title="See how this site uses cookies" aria-label="See how this site uses cookies">Cookies</a>. </span> <span id="rsc-onetrust-cookie-footer-ca" style="display: none;"> <a href="/en/content/cookies" title="Do not sell my personal data" aria-label="Do not sell my personal data">Do not sell my personal data</a>. </span> </div> <div id="rsc-onetrust-cookie-footer-br" style="display: none;"> Este site coleta cookies para oferecer uma melhor experiência ao usuário. <span> Veja como este site usa <a href="/en/content/cookies" title="Veja como este site usa cookies" aria-label="Veja como este site usa cookies">Cookies</a>. </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="modal__canvas modal__canvas--clickclose"> </div> <div class="pubs-nav-drawer" aria-hidden="true"> <nav class="pubs-nav-control" aria-label="Site menu"> <div class="pubs-nav__header"> <a href="#" role="button" class="pubs-header__btn pubs-nav__close nav-item-first" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Close site menu"><img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/oxygen/assets/icons/cross-light.png" width="24" alt=""></a> <a href="/" class="pubs-header__link--home pubs-nav__title" tabindex="-1" title="Publishing home page" aria-label="Publishing home page">Publishing</a> </div> <div class="pubs-nav__body scrollbar--slim"> <div class="pubs-nav__list autopad--h"> <h2 class="pubs-nav__heading">Journals</h2> <ul class="pubs-nav__ul"> <li class="pubs-nav__item pubs-nav__indent"> <a target="_self" href="/en/journals?key=title&value=current" class="pubs-nav__link" tabindex="-1">Current Journals</a> </li> <li class="pubs-nav__item pubs-nav__indent"> <a target="_self" href="/en/journals?key=title&value=archive" class="pubs-nav__link" tabindex="-1">Archive Journals</a> </li> <li class="pubs-nav__item pubs-nav__indent"> <a target="_self" href="/en/journals?key=title&value=all" class="pubs-nav__link" tabindex="-1">All Journals</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="pubs-nav__list autopad--h"> <h2 class="pubs-nav__heading">Books</h2> <ul class="pubs-nav__ul"> <li class="pubs-nav__item pubs-nav__indent"> <a target="_blank" href="https://books.rsc.org/books/search-results?fl_SiteID=5&page=1&f_ContentType=Book&sort=Date+-+Newest+First" class="pubs-nav__link" tabindex="-1">Browse Books</a> </li> <li class="pubs-nav__item pubs-nav__indent"> <a target="_blank" href="https://books.rsc.org/books/collections/series" class="pubs-nav__link" tabindex="-1">Series</a> </li> <li class="pubs-nav__item pubs-nav__indent"> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.rsc.org/journals-books-databases/book-authors/propose-book-idea/" class="pubs-nav__link" tabindex="-1">For Authors and Editors</a> </li> <li class="pubs-nav__item pubs-nav__indent"> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.rsc.org/journals-books-databases/book-authors/" class="pubs-nav__link" tabindex="-1">About</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="pubs-nav__list autopad--h"> <h2 class="pubs-nav__heading">Databases</h2> <ul class="pubs-nav__ul"> <li class="pubs-nav__item pubs-nav__indent"> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.rsc.org/journals-books-databases/databases-literature-updates/" class="pubs-nav__link" tabindex="-1">Literature Updates</a> </li> <li class="pubs-nav__item pubs-nav__indent"> <a target="_blank" href="http://www.chemspider.com/" class="pubs-nav__link" tabindex="-1">ChemSpider</a> </li> <li class="pubs-nav__item pubs-nav__indent"> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.rsc.org/merck-index" class="pubs-nav__link" tabindex="-1">The Merck Index*</a> </li> <li class="pubs-nav__item pubs-nav__indent"> <a target="_blank" href="https://marinlit.rsc.org/" class="pubs-nav__link" tabindex="-1">MarinLit</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="pubs-nav__list autopad--h"> <h2 class="pubs-nav__heading">More</h2> <ul class="pubs-nav__ul"> <li class="pubs-nav__item pubs-nav__indent"> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.rsc.org/resources-tools/research-tools/#access" class="pubs-nav__link" tabindex="-1">For Members</a> </li> <li class="pubs-nav__item pubs-nav__indent"> <a target="_self" href="/en/librarian/home" class="pubs-nav__link" tabindex="-1">For Librarians</a> </li> <li class="pubs-nav__item pubs-nav__indent"> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.rsc.org/journals-books-databases/about-journals/journal-email-alerts-service/" class="pubs-nav__link" tabindex="-1">Subscribe</a> </li> <li class="pubs-nav__item pubs-nav__indent"> <a target="_self" href="/en/ealerts/rssfeed" class="pubs-nav__link" tabindex="-1">RSS Feeds</a> </li> <li class="pubs-nav__item pubs-nav__indent"> <a target="_blank" href="http://blogs.rsc.org/" class="pubs-nav__link" tabindex="-1">Blogs</a> </li> <li class="pubs-nav__item pubs-nav__indent"> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.chemistryworld.com/" class="pubs-nav__link" tabindex="-1">Chemistry World</a> </li> <li class="pubs-nav__item pubs-nav__indent"> <a target="_blank" href="https://edu.rsc.org/eic" class="pubs-nav__link" tabindex="-1">Education in Chemistry</a> </li> <li class="pubs-nav__item pubs-nav__indent"> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.rsc.org/journals-books-databases/open-access/" class="pubs-nav__link" tabindex="-1">Open Access</a> </li> <li class="pubs-nav__item pubs-nav__indent"> <a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.rsc.org/historical-collection" class="pubs-nav__link" tabindex="-1">Historical Collection</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <script> var eCommerceGetOrderItemCountUrl = 'https://www.rsc.org/basket/shoppingcart/getorderitemcount'; var hideNotificationMessageUrl = '/en/home/HideNotificationMessage'; var brandingBarUrl = '/en/home/branding_New'; </script> <script src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.159/content/Scripts/dist/vendor.min.js"></script> <script src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.159/content/Scripts/dist/pubs-ui.min.js"></script> <script> var HPForms = { "SearchJournals": { id: "[id='JournalsSearch-form']", fields: { searchInput: { el: "[id='JournalsSearchText']", validator: function (v) { return jQuery.trim(v).length; }, msgErr: "errJournalsSearchText", msgDesc: "descJournalsSearchText" } } }, "SearchBooks": { id: "[id='BooksSearch-form']", fields: { searchInput: { el: "[id='BooksSearchText']", validator: function (v) { return jQuery.trim(v).length; }, msgErr: "errBooksSearchText", msgDesc: "descBooksSearchText" } }, callback: function (e) { e.preventDefault(); var searchText = jQuery.trim($(this.fields.searchInput.el).val()); window.location.href = '/en/ebooks' + '#!searchtext=' + encodeURIComponent(searchText); } }, "SearchCompounds": { id: "[id='CompoundFinder-form']", fields: { searchInput: { el: "[id='q']", validator: function (v) { return jQuery.trim(v).length; }, msgErr: "errDatabasesSearchText", msgDesc: "descDatabasesSearchText" } }, callback: function (e) { e.preventDefault(); var searchText = jQuery.trim($(this.fields.searchInput.el).val()); window.open('http://www.chemspider.com/search.aspx?q=' + encodeURIComponent(searchText), '_blank'); } } }; var InitialiseForm = function InitialiseForm(form) { var form = HPForms[form]; $(form.id).submit(function (e) { var el, value, valid = true; ClearValidationMessages(); $.each(form.fields, function (i, field) { el = $(field.el); value = el.val(); if (field.validator && !field.validator(value)) { el.attr({ "aria-invalid": true, "aria-describedby": field.msgErr + " " + field.msgDesc }); $("[id=" + field.msgErr + "]").show(); // Return focus to the first invalid field if (valid) { el.focus(); valid = false; } } }); // Block submission if (!valid) return false; if (form.callback) { form.callback(e); } }); }; var ClearValidationMessages = function ClearValidationMessages() { for (form in HPForms) { $.each(HPForms[form].fields, function (i, field) { $("[id=" + field.msgErr + "]").hide(); $(field.el).attr("aria-describedby", field.msgDesc).removeAttr("aria-invalid"); }); } }; $(document).ready(function () { // Initialise 'Search our journals', 'Search all books' and 'Search for compounds' forms for (form in HPForms) { InitialiseForm(form); } }); </script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

RSC Publishing Home – Chemical Science Journals, Books and Databases