CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" href="/favicon.ico" /> <script src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-140425344-1" async></script> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://inertiajs.com/build/assets/app-d7e0265e.css" /><link rel="modulepreload" href="https://inertiajs.com/build/assets/app-33726d8e.js" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://inertiajs.com/build/assets/app-d7e0265e.css" /><script type="module" src="https://inertiajs.com/build/assets/app-33726d8e.js"></script> <title inertia>Testing - Inertia.js</title> </head> <body> <div id="app" data-page="{"component":"testing","props":{"errors":{}},"url":"/testing","version":"98a0dd0764a4bd0df6c50c60d320c18d"}"><div class="font-sans leading-none text-gray-800 antialiased"><div class="text-white" style="background:linear-gradient(to right, #9553e9, #6d74ed)"><div class="relative mx-auto max-w-6xl px-6 md:px-12 xl:px-0"><div class="absolute top-0 left-0 h-full w-full overflow-hidden"><svg class="w-auto" style="height:600px;fill:#b2b6ff;opacity:.08" viewBox="0 0 95 52.8"><path d="M27.3 0H0l26.4 26.4L0 52.8h27.3l26.4-26.4z"></path><path d="M68.6 0H41.3l26.4 26.4-26.4 26.4h27.3L95 26.4z"></path></svg></div><header class="relative flex items-center justify-between py-12"><a class="md:flex md:items-end" href="/"><svg class="block fill-current text-white" style="height:25px" viewBox="0 0 275.3 50.5"><path d="M231.2 16.1h-17.8l17.2 17.2-17.2 17.2h17.8l17.2-17.2z"></path><path d="M258.1 16.1h-17.8l17.2 17.2-17.2 17.2h17.8l17.2-17.2z"></path><path d="M6 15.3h10.3l-6 34.2H0l6-34.2zm.6-9.1C7.2 2.9 10.3 0 13.7 0s5.7 2.8 5.2 6.2c-.5 3.4-3.7 6.2-7.2 6.2s-5.6-3-5.1-6.2zM54.3 28.5l-3.7 21H40.4L43.8 30c.8-4.4-1.6-6.2-4.9-6.2-3.4 0-6.5 2-7.5 6.6L28 49.5H17.8l6-34.2h10.3l-.5 3.2c2.3-2.6 6.2-4.2 10.1-4.2 6.9.1 12.2 5.1 10.6 14.2zM94.5 32.4c-.1.8-.5 2.7-1.1 4.1H68.9c.6 3.8 3.8 4.8 7 4.8 2.9 0 5.2-.8 7.2-2.7l7.2 5.9c-4 4-8.7 6-15 6-11.8 0-18-8.5-16.3-18.7a20.7 20.7 0 0 1 20.5-17.4c9.8 0 16.9 7.6 15 18zm-9.7-3.7c-.3-3.8-3-5.3-6.2-5.3a8.9 8.9 0 0 0-8.3 5.3h14.5zM123.9 14.6l-2 11.6c-4-.6-10.5.8-11.7 7.8l.1-.4-2.8 15.9H97.3l6-34.2h10.3l-1.1 6.2c2.1-4.7 6.6-6.9 11.4-6.9zM137.8 37.3c-.5 3.1 2 3.3 6.6 2.9l-1.6 9.3c-12.3 1.4-16.9-2.7-15.2-12.2l2.1-12.1h-5.5l1.8-9.9h5.4l1.2-6.5 10.8-3.1-1.7 9.6h7.1l-1.8 9.9h-7l-2.2 12.1zM155.3 15.3h10.3l-6 34.2h-10.3l6-34.2zm.6-9.1c.5-3.3 3.7-6.2 7.1-6.2s5.7 2.8 5.2 6.2c-.5 3.4-3.7 6.2-7.2 6.2s-5.7-3-5.1-6.2zM208.1 15.3l-6 34.2h-10.3l.4-2.3a15.5 15.5 0 0 1-10.3 3.3c-11.1 0-15.3-9.6-13.5-18.9 1.6-8.8 8.6-17.2 19.2-17.2 4.5 0 7.7 1.8 9.6 4.6l.6-3.6h10.3zm-13.2 17.2c.9-5.2-1.9-8.4-6.6-8.4a9.5 9.5 0 0 0-9.5 8.3c-.9 5.1 1.8 8.3 6.6 8.3 4.6.1 8.6-3.1 9.5-8.2z"></path></svg><svg class="mt-2 block fill-current text-white md:mt-0 md:ml-4" style="height:8px" viewBox="0 0 328.3 16"><path d="M11.1 2.2H6.6v13.5h-2V2.2H0V.3h11.1v1.9zM29.1.3v15.4h-2V8.8h-7.5v6.9h-2V.3h2v6.5h7.5V.3h2zM46 13.8v1.9h-9.2V.3h9.1v1.9h-7V7h6.5v1.9h-6.5v4.9H46zM77.2 15.7h-2v-12l-5 8.4h-.3l-5-8.4v12h-2V.3h2.3L70 8.4 74.9.3h2.3v15.4zM84 8a8 8 0 0 1 8-8c4.5 0 8 3.5 8 8a8 8 0 0 1-8 8 8 8 0 0 1-8-8zm13.9 0c0-3.4-2.6-6-5.9-6a5.8 5.8 0 0 0-5.9 6c0 3.4 2.6 6 5.9 6 3.4 0 5.9-2.6 5.9-6zM120.2 8c0 4.3-3.1 7.7-7.3 7.7h-6V.3h6c4.2 0 7.3 3.4 7.3 7.7zm-2 0c0-3.3-2.2-5.8-5.3-5.8h-4v11.5h4c3.1.1 5.3-2.5 5.3-5.7zM136.2 13.8v1.9H127V.3h9.1v1.9h-7V7h6.5v1.9h-6.5v4.9h7.1zM148.8 9.8h-3.6v5.9h-2V.3h6.2c2.6 0 4.8 2.1 4.8 4.8 0 2-1.3 3.8-3.2 4.5l3.6 6.2h-2.3l-3.5-6zm-3.6-1.9h4.1c1.5 0 2.8-1.3 2.8-2.9 0-1.6-1.2-2.9-2.8-2.9h-4.1v5.8zM172.6.3v15.4H171l-8-11.5v11.5h-2V.3h1.7l7.9 11.5V.3h2zM204.6 15.7h-2v-12l-5 8.4h-.3l-5-8.4v12h-2V.3h2.3l4.9 8.1 4.9-8.1h2.3v15.4zM211.5 8a8 8 0 0 1 8-8c4.5 0 8 3.5 8 8a8 8 0 0 1-8 8 8 8 0 0 1-8-8zm13.9 0c0-3.4-2.6-6-5.9-6a5.8 5.8 0 0 0-5.9 6c0 3.4 2.6 6 5.9 6 3.3 0 5.9-2.6 5.9-6zM245.9.3v15.4h-1.6l-7.9-11.5v11.5h-2V.3h1.7l7.9 11.5V.3h1.9zM252.8 8a8 8 0 0 1 8-8c4.5 0 8 3.5 8 8a8 8 0 0 1-8 8 8 8 0 0 1-8-8zm13.9 0c0-3.4-2.6-6-5.9-6a5.8 5.8 0 0 0-5.9 6c0 3.4 2.6 6 5.9 6 3.3 0 5.9-2.6 5.9-6zM284.3 13.8v1.9h-8.7V.3h2v13.5h6.7zM292.8.3v15.4h-2V.3h2zM310.3 2.2h-4.6v13.5h-2V2.2h-4.5V.3h11.1v1.9zM328.3.3v15.4h-2V8.8h-7.5v6.9h-2V.3h2v6.5h7.5V.3h2z"></path></svg></a><div class="relative z-10 md:hidden"><button class="focus:outline-none block" type="button"><svg class="block h-6 w-6 fill-current text-white" viewBox="0 0 20 20"><path d="M0 3h20v2H0V3zm0 6h20v2H0V9zm0 6h20v2H0v-2z"></path></svg></button></div><div class="hidden items-center text-white md:flex"><div class="relative -my-2 mr-5"></div><a class="mr-5 flex items-center hover:text-purple-900" href="https://github.com/inertiajs"><svg class="h-6 w-6 fill-current" viewBox="0 0 20 20"><title>GitHub</title><path d="M10 0a10 10 0 0 0-3.16 19.49c.5.1.68-.22.68-.48l-.01-1.7c-2.78.6-3.37-1.34-3.37-1.34-.46-1.16-1.11-1.47-1.11-1.47-.9-.62.07-.6.07-.6 1 .07 1.53 1.03 1.53 1.03.9 1.52 2.34 1.08 2.91.83.1-.65.35-1.09.63-1.34-2.22-.25-4.55-1.11-4.55-4.94 0-1.1.39-1.99 1.03-2.69a3.6 3.6 0 0 1 .1-2.64s.84-.27 2.75 1.02a9.58 9.58 0 0 1 5 0c1.91-1.3 2.75-1.02 2.75-1.02.55 1.37.2 2.4.1 2.64.64.7 1.03 1.6 1.03 2.69 0 3.84-2.34 4.68-4.57 4.93.36.31.68.92.68 1.85l-.01 2.75c0 .26.18.58.69.48A10 10 0 0 0 10 0"></path></svg></a><a class="mr-5 flex items-center hover:text-purple-900" href="https://twitter.com/inertiajs"><svg class="h-6 w-6 fill-current" viewBox="0 0 20 20"><title>Twitter</title><path d="M6.29 18.25c7.55 0 11.67-6.25 11.67-11.67v-.53c.8-.59 1.49-1.3 2.04-2.13-.75.33-1.54.55-2.36.65a4.12 4.12 0 0 0 1.8-2.27c-.8.48-1.68.81-2.6 1a4.1 4.1 0 0 0-7 3.74 11.65 11.65 0 0 1-8.45-4.3 4.1 4.1 0 0 0 1.27 5.49C2.01 8.2 1.37 8.03.8 7.7v.05a4.1 4.1 0 0 0 3.3 4.03 4.1 4.1 0 0 1-1.86.07 4.1 4.1 0 0 0 3.83 2.85A8.23 8.23 0 0 1 0 16.4a11.62 11.62 0 0 0 6.29 1.84"></path></svg></a><a class="flex items-center hover:text-purple-900" href="https://discord.gg/inertiajs"><svg class="h-6 w-6 fill-current" viewBox="0 0 146 146"><title>Discord</title><path d="M107.75 125.001s-4.5-5.375-8.25-10.125c16.375-4.625 22.625-14.875 22.625-14.875-5.125 3.375-10 5.75-14.375 7.375-6.25 2.625-12.25 4.375-18.125 5.375-12 2.25-23 1.625-32.375-.125-7.125-1.375-13.25-3.375-18.375-5.375-2.875-1.125-6-2.5-9.125-4.25-.375-.25-.75-.375-1.125-.625-.25-.125-.375-.25-.5-.375-2.25-1.25-3.5-2.125-3.5-2.125s6 10 21.875 14.75c-3.75 4.75-8.375 10.375-8.375 10.375-27.625-.875-38.125-19-38.125-19 0-40.25 18-72.875 18-72.875 18-13.5 35.125-13.125 35.125-13.125l1.25 1.5c-22.5 6.5-32.875 16.375-32.875 16.375s2.75-1.5 7.375-3.625c13.375-5.875 24-7.5 28.375-7.875.75-.125 1.375-.25 2.125-.25 7.625-1 16.25-1.25 25.25-.25 11.875 1.375 24.625 4.875 37.625 12 0 0-9.875-9.375-31.125-15.875l1.75-2S110 19.626 128 33.126c0 0 18 32.625 18 72.875 0 0-10.625 18.125-38.25 19zM49.625 66.626c-7.125 0-12.75 6.25-12.75 13.875s5.75 13.875 12.75 13.875c7.125 0 12.75-6.25 12.75-13.875.125-7.625-5.625-13.875-12.75-13.875zm45.625 0c-7.125 0-12.75 6.25-12.75 13.875s5.75 13.875 12.75 13.875c7.125 0 12.75-6.25 12.75-13.875s-5.625-13.875-12.75-13.875z"></path></svg></a></div></header></div></div><div class="mx-auto flex max-w-6xl py-12 md:px-12 md:py-24 xl:px-0"><nav class="hidden flex-shrink-0 border-r md:block md:w-48 lg:w-56"><div class="-mx-6 mt-4 mb-6 flex justify-center border-b pb-4 md:hidden"><a class="mr-5 flex items-center text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-700" href="https://github.com/inertiajs"><svg class="h-5 w-5 fill-current" viewBox="0 0 20 20"><title>GitHub</title><path d="M10 0a10 10 0 0 0-3.16 19.49c.5.1.68-.22.68-.48l-.01-1.7c-2.78.6-3.37-1.34-3.37-1.34-.46-1.16-1.11-1.47-1.11-1.47-.9-.62.07-.6.07-.6 1 .07 1.53 1.03 1.53 1.03.9 1.52 2.34 1.08 2.91.83.1-.65.35-1.09.63-1.34-2.22-.25-4.55-1.11-4.55-4.94 0-1.1.39-1.99 1.03-2.69a3.6 3.6 0 0 1 .1-2.64s.84-.27 2.75 1.02a9.58 9.58 0 0 1 5 0c1.91-1.3 2.75-1.02 2.75-1.02.55 1.37.2 2.4.1 2.64.64.7 1.03 1.6 1.03 2.69 0 3.84-2.34 4.68-4.57 4.93.36.31.68.92.68 1.85l-.01 2.75c0 .26.18.58.69.48A10 10 0 0 0 10 0"></path></svg></a><a class="mr-5 flex items-center text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-700" href="https://twitter.com/inertiajs"><svg class="h-5 w-5 fill-current" viewBox="0 0 20 20"><title>Twitter</title><path d="M6.29 18.25c7.55 0 11.67-6.25 11.67-11.67v-.53c.8-.59 1.49-1.3 2.04-2.13-.75.33-1.54.55-2.36.65a4.12 4.12 0 0 0 1.8-2.27c-.8.48-1.68.81-2.6 1a4.1 4.1 0 0 0-7 3.74 11.65 11.65 0 0 1-8.45-4.3 4.1 4.1 0 0 0 1.27 5.49C2.01 8.2 1.37 8.03.8 7.7v.05a4.1 4.1 0 0 0 3.3 4.03 4.1 4.1 0 0 1-1.86.07 4.1 4.1 0 0 0 3.83 2.85A8.23 8.23 0 0 1 0 16.4a11.62 11.62 0 0 0 6.29 1.84"></path></svg></a><a class="flex items-center text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-700" href="https://discord.gg/gwgxN8Y"><svg class="h-5 w-5 fill-current" viewBox="0 0 146 146"><title>Discord</title><path d="M107.75 125.001s-4.5-5.375-8.25-10.125c16.375-4.625 22.625-14.875 22.625-14.875-5.125 3.375-10 5.75-14.375 7.375-6.25 2.625-12.25 4.375-18.125 5.375-12 2.25-23 1.625-32.375-.125-7.125-1.375-13.25-3.375-18.375-5.375-2.875-1.125-6-2.5-9.125-4.25-.375-.25-.75-.375-1.125-.625-.25-.125-.375-.25-.5-.375-2.25-1.25-3.5-2.125-3.5-2.125s6 10 21.875 14.75c-3.75 4.75-8.375 10.375-8.375 10.375-27.625-.875-38.125-19-38.125-19 0-40.25 18-72.875 18-72.875 18-13.5 35.125-13.125 35.125-13.125l1.25 1.5c-22.5 6.5-32.875 16.375-32.875 16.375s2.75-1.5 7.375-3.625c13.375-5.875 24-7.5 28.375-7.875.75-.125 1.375-.25 2.125-.25 7.625-1 16.25-1.25 25.25-.25 11.875 1.375 24.625 4.875 37.625 12 0 0-9.875-9.375-31.125-15.875l1.75-2S110 19.626 128 33.126c0 0 18 32.625 18 72.875 0 0-10.625 18.125-38.25 19zM49.625 66.626c-7.125 0-12.75 6.25-12.75 13.875s5.75 13.875 12.75 13.875c7.125 0 12.75-6.25 12.75-13.875.125-7.625-5.625-13.875-12.75-13.875zm45.625 0c-7.125 0-12.75 6.25-12.75 13.875s5.75 13.875 12.75 13.875c7.125 0 12.75-6.25 12.75-13.875s-5.625-13.875-12.75-13.875z" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></svg></a></div><ul><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/">Introduction</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/demo-application">Demo app</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/upgrade-guide">Upgrade guide</a></li></ul><div class="mt-8 mb-3 text-xs font-bold uppercase tracking-widest text-gray-500 md:mt-12">Installation</div><ul><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/server-side-setup">Server-side</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/client-side-setup">Client-side</a></li></ul><div class="mt-8 mb-3 text-xs font-bold uppercase tracking-widest text-gray-500 md:mt-12">Core concepts</div><ul><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/who-is-it-for">Who is it for</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/how-it-works">How it works</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/the-protocol">The protocol</a></li></ul><div class="mt-8 mb-3 text-xs font-bold uppercase tracking-widest text-gray-500 md:mt-12">The basics</div><ul><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/pages">Pages</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/responses">Responses</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/redirects">Redirects</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/routing">Routing</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/title-and-meta">Title & meta</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/links">Links</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/manual-visits">Manual visits</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/forms">Forms</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/file-uploads">File uploads</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/validation">Validation</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/shared-data">Shared data</a></li></ul><div class="mt-8 mb-3 text-xs font-bold uppercase tracking-widest text-gray-500 md:mt-12">Advanced</div><ul><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/events">Events</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="block -ml-3 pl-3 pr-2 py-1 md:py-2 font-medium border-l-4 rounded-r border-purple-400 bg-purple-100 text-purple-700" href="/testing">Testing</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/partial-reloads">Partial reloads</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/scroll-management">Scroll management</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/authentication">Authentication</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/authorization">Authorization</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/csrf-protection">CSRF protection</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/error-handling">Error handling</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/asset-versioning">Asset versioning</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/progress-indicators">Progress indicators</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/remembering-state">Remembering state</a></li><li class="md:pr-3"><a class="inline-block py-1 md:py-2 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline font-medium text-gray-700" href="/server-side-rendering">Server-side rendering</a></li></ul></nav><div class="flex-1 overflow-hidden px-6 text-lg leading-relaxed md:pl-12 md:pr-0 lg:pl-16 xl:pl-16 xl:pr-20" id="top"><h1 class="mb-12 text-4xl font-bold leading-none text-gray-700">Testing</h1>There are many different ways to test an Inertia application. This page provides a quick overview of the tools available.<h2 id="end-to-end-tests" class="mt-16 mb-4 text-2xl font-bold leading-tight text-gray-700">End-to-end tests</h2>One popular approach to testing your JavaScript page components is to use an end-to-end testing tool like <a href="https://www.cypress.io/" class="text-blue-700 hover:text-orange-700 font-medium underline">Cypress</a> or <a href="https://laravel.com/docs/dusk" class="text-blue-700 hover:text-orange-700 font-medium underline">Laravel Dusk</a>. These are browser automation tools that allow you to run real simulations of your app in the browser. These tests are known to be slower; however, since they test your application at the same layer as your end users, they can provide a lot of confidence that your app is working correctly. And, since these tests are run in the browser, your JavaScript code is actually executed and tested as well.<h2 id="client-side-unit-tests" class="mt-16 mb-4 text-2xl font-bold leading-tight text-gray-700">Client-side unit tests</h2>Another approach to testing your page components is using a client-side unit testing framework, such as <a href="https://jestjs.io/" class="text-blue-700 hover:text-orange-700 font-medium underline">Jest</a> or <a href="https://mochajs.org/" class="text-blue-700 hover:text-orange-700 font-medium underline">Mocha</a>. This approach allows you to test your JavaScript page components in isolation using Node.js.<h2 id="endpoint-tests" class="mt-16 mb-4 text-2xl font-bold leading-tight text-gray-700">Endpoint tests</h2>In addition to testing your JavaScript page components, you will likely want to also test the Inertia responses that are returned by your server-side framework. A popular approach to doing this is using endpoint tests, where you make requests to your application and examine the responses. Laravel <a href="https://laravel.com/docs/http-tests" class="text-blue-700 hover:text-orange-700 font-medium underline">provides tooling</a> for executing these types of tests.However, to make this process even easier, Inertia's Laravel adapter provides additional HTTP testing tools. Let's take a look at an example.<pre><code style="height:auto" class="my-8 p-6 leading-normal rounded block overflow-auto bg-[#202e59] text-[.85rem] text-white">use Inertia\Testing\AssertableInertia as Assert; class PodcastsControllerTest extends TestCase { public function test_can_view_podcast() { $this->get('/podcasts/41') ->assertInertia(fn (Assert $page) => $page ->component('Podcasts/Show') ->has('podcast', fn (Assert $page) => $page ->where('id', $podcast->id) ->where('subject', 'The Laravel Podcast') ->where('description', 'The Laravel Podcast brings you Laravel and PHP development news and discussion.') ->has('seasons', 4) ->has('seasons.4.episodes', 21) ->has('host', fn (Assert $page) => $page ->where('id', 1) ->where('name', 'Matt Stauffer') ) ->has('subscribers', 7, fn (Assert $page) => $page ->where('id', 2) ->where('name', 'Claudio Dekker') ->where('platform', 'Apple Podcasts') ->etc() ->missing('email') ->missing('password') ) ) ); } }</code></pre>As you can see in the example above, you may use these assertion methods to assert against the content of the data provided to the Inertia response. In addition, you may assert that array data has a given length as well as scope your assertions.Let's dig into the available assertions in detail. First, to assert that the Inertia response has a property, you may use the <code class="whitespace-nowrap rounded p-1 font-mono text-sm bg-gray-200">has</code> method. You can think of this method as being similar to PHP's <code class="whitespace-nowrap rounded p-1 font-mono text-sm bg-gray-200">isset</code> function.<pre><code style="height:auto" class="my-8 p-6 leading-normal rounded block overflow-auto bg-[#202e59] text-[.85rem] text-white">$response->assertInertia(fn (Assert $page) => $page // Checking a root-level property... ->has('podcast') // Checking nested properties using "dot" notation... ->has('podcast.id') );</code></pre>To assert that an Inertia property has a specified amount of items, you may provide the expected size as the second argument to the <code class="whitespace-nowrap rounded p-1 font-mono text-sm bg-gray-200">has</code> method.<pre><code style="height:auto" class="my-8 p-6 leading-normal rounded block overflow-auto bg-[#202e59] text-[.85rem] text-white">$response->assertInertia(fn (Assert $page) => $page // Checking if a root-level property has 7 items... ->has('podcasts', 7) // Checking nested properties using "dot" notation... ->has('podcast.subscribers', 7) );</code></pre>The <code class="whitespace-nowrap rounded p-1 font-mono text-sm bg-gray-200">has</code> method may also be used to scope properties in order to lessen repetition when asserting against nested properties.<pre><code style="height:auto" class="my-8 p-6 leading-normal rounded block overflow-auto bg-[#202e59] text-[.85rem] text-white">$response->assertInertia(fn (Assert $page) => $page // Creating a single-level property scope... ->has('message', fn (Assert $page) => $page // We can now continue chaining methods... ->has('subject') ->has('comments', 5) // And can even create a deeper scope using "dot" notation... ->has('comments.0', fn (Assert $page) => $page ->has('body') ->has('files', 1) ->has('files.0', fn (Assert $page) => $page ->has('url') ) ) ) );</code></pre>When scoping into Inertia properties that are arrays or collections, you may also assert that a specified number of items are present in addition to scoping into the first item.<pre><code style="height:auto" class="my-8 p-6 leading-normal rounded block overflow-auto bg-[#202e59] text-[.85rem] text-white">$response->assertInertia(fn (Assert $page) => $page // Assert that there are 5 comments and automatically scope into the first comment... ->has('comments', 5, fn (Assert $page) => $page ->has('body') // ... ) );</code></pre>To assert that an Inertia property has an expected value, you may use the <code class="whitespace-nowrap rounded p-1 font-mono text-sm bg-gray-200">where</code> assertion.<pre><code style="height:auto" class="my-8 p-6 leading-normal rounded block overflow-auto bg-[#202e59] text-[.85rem] text-white">$response->assertInertia(fn (Assert $page) => $page ->has('message', fn (Assert $page) => $page // Assert that the subject prop matches the given message... ->where('subject', 'This is an example message') // Or, assert against deeply nested values... ->where('comments.0.files.0.name', 'example-attachment.pdf') ) );</code></pre>Inertia's testing methods will automatically fail when you haven't interacted with at least one of the props in a scope. While this is generally useful, you might run into situations where you're working with unreliable data (such as from an external feed), or with data that you really don't want interact with in order to keep your test simple. For these situations, the <code class="whitespace-nowrap rounded p-1 font-mono text-sm bg-gray-200">etc</code> method exists.<pre><code style="height:auto" class="my-8 p-6 leading-normal rounded block overflow-auto bg-[#202e59] text-[.85rem] text-white">$response->assertInertia(fn (Assert $page) => $page ->has('message', fn (Assert $page) => $page ->has('subject') ->has('comments') ->etc() ) );</code></pre>The <code class="whitespace-nowrap rounded p-1 font-mono text-sm bg-gray-200">missing</code> method is the exact opposite of the <code class="whitespace-nowrap rounded p-1 font-mono text-sm bg-gray-200">has</code> method, ensuring that the property does not exist. This method makes a great companion to the <code class="whitespace-nowrap rounded p-1 font-mono text-sm bg-gray-200">etc</code> method.<pre><code style="height:auto" class="my-8 p-6 leading-normal rounded block overflow-auto bg-[#202e59] text-[.85rem] text-white">$response->assertInertia(fn (Assert $page) => $page ->has('message', fn (Assert $page) => $page ->has('subject') ->missing('published_at') ->etc() ) );</code></pre></div><div class="relative -mt-8 hidden w-44 flex-shrink-0 xl:block"><div class="sticky top-0 pt-8"><div class="mb-12"><div class="text-xs font-bold uppercase tracking-widest text-gray-500">On this page</div><ul><li class="mt-4"><a href="#end-to-end-tests" class="font-medium text-gray-700 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline">End-to-end tests</a></li><li class="mt-4"><a href="#client-side-unit-tests" class="font-medium text-gray-700 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline">Client-side unit tests</a></li><li class="mt-4"><a href="#endpoint-tests" class="font-medium text-gray-700 hover:text-blue-700 hover:underline">Endpoint tests</a></li></ul></div><div class="mb-6 text-xs font-bold uppercase tracking-widest text-gray-500">Our partners:</div><a class="block w-3/4" href="https://forge.laravel.com" title="Laravel Forge"><svg class="h-auto w-full" viewBox="0 0 217.38 39.97"><path fill="#19b59b" d="M77.94.32c4.13 0 6.03.74 7.2 2.22 1.68 2.22 2.64 6.66-.11 17.55S79.2 35.3 76.36 37.64c-1.9 1.48-4.23 2.22-8.36 2.22H54.8c-4.13 0-6.13-.74-7.2-2.22-1.68-2.22-2.63-6.66.22-17.55 2.75-10.9 5.92-15.23 8.78-17.55C58.49 1.06 60.8.32 64.94.32h13zM58.7 30.24c.21.32.74.42 2.43.42h5.08c1.69 0 2.32-.1 2.75-.42.52-.42 1.48-1.48 3.59-10.15 2.22-8.67 1.8-9.73 1.48-10.15-.21-.32-.74-.42-2.43-.42h-4.97c-1.7 0-2.33.1-2.75.42-.53.42-1.48 1.48-3.6 10.15-2.32 8.77-1.9 9.73-1.58 10.15zm51.28-3.17c-.42-.53-.85-.74-3.38-.74h-4.97c-.53 0-1.06.42-1.17.95L97.61 38.9c-.1.53-.64.95-1.16.95H86.19c-.53 0-.85-.42-.74-.95l9.4-37.64c.11-.53.64-.95 1.17-.95h24.1c3.92 0 6.03.53 7.2 2 1.27 1.8 1.69 3.7.32 9.2-1.8 7.4-4.55 9.52-9.3 10.47v.1c3.7.96 5.7 2.23 4.43 7.94-.74 3.27-1.27 6.55-1.58 8.77-.11.53-.64 1.06-1.17 1.06h-10.46c-.43 0-.85-.32-.74-.85.31-2.43.74-4.86 1.37-7.93.42-2.85.21-3.38-.21-4.01zm-.74-9.3c2.22 0 2.85-.11 3.28-.43.74-.53 1.26-1.48 1.8-3.8s.42-3.18 0-3.7c-.32-.32-.85-.43-3.07-.43h-5.5c-.53 0-1.06.42-1.16.95L103 16.92c-.1.53.21.95.74.95h5.5v-.1zM160.94 0c4.23 0 6.45.53 7.72 2 1.48 1.8 2 4.56.84 10.69-.1.53-.63.95-1.16.95h-9.83c-.53 0-.85-.42-.74-.85.42-2.43-.1-2.75-.43-3.17-.2-.32-.63-.42-2.43-.42h-5.07c-1.8 0-2.33.1-2.75.42-.64.53-1.8 2.33-3.7 10.36s-1.59 9.94-1.27 10.47c.21.32.74.42 2.54.42h5.39c1.59 0 2.22-.1 2.64-.42.53-.42 1.59-1.48 2.22-4.33l.1-.32h-7.6c-.53 0-.85-.43-.74-.95l1.48-6.35c.1-.53.63-.95 1.16-.95h18.3c.52 0 .84.42.73.95l-.95 3.91c-2.22 9.63-4.86 13-7.61 15.23-2.01 1.7-4.87 2.33-8.57 2.33H138c-4.13 0-6.14-.74-7.3-2.33-1.8-2.33-2.75-6.66-.1-17.66s5.7-15.43 8.56-17.65C141.06.74 143.39 0 147.51 0h13.43zm41.23 39.97h-31.6c-.54 0-.85-.43-.75-.96L178.7.95c.1-.53.64-.95 1.17-.95h36.79c.63 0 .95.63.53 1.27-1.59 2.54-7.72 7.93-14.6 7.93H189.8c-.52 0-1.05.42-1.16.95l-.95 4.23c-.1.53.21.95.74.95h17.23c.53 0 .85.42.74.95l-1.48 6.66c-.1.53-.63.95-1.16.95h-17.23c-.53 0-1.06.43-1.17.96l-1.16 4.86c-.1.53.21.95.74.95h19.35c.53 0 .84.42.74.95l-1.7 7.3c-.1.63-.63 1.06-1.16 1.06zM50.24.32H6.9c-.53 0-1.05.42-1.16.95l-1.06 3.8c-.1.43.1.75.43.96 1.69.53 10.78.74 9.4 5.81l-.31 1.38-3.7 13.85-.32 1.37c-1.37 5.08-6.24 5.29-8.25 5.82-.42.1-.74.52-.84.95L.02 39c-.1.53.21.96.74.96h17.66c.53 0 1.05-.43 1.16-.96l3.17-12.26c.1-.53.64-.95 1.16-.95h11.32c.53 0 1.06-.43 1.16-.95l1.7-6.56c.1-.53-.22-.95-.75-.95H26.03c-.53 0-.85-.42-.74-.95l1.59-5.92c.1-.53.63-.95 1.16-.95h17.02c.53 0 1.06-.43 1.16-.96l4.55-7.19c.21-.63 0-1.05-.53-1.05z"></path></svg></a><div class="mt-12 border-t pt-12" id="ad"></div></div></div></div></div></div> </body> </html>