CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs skin-theme-clientpref-day mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Resin - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js skin-theme-clientpref-day mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"d1d86d59-6fbd-447d-b9a9-472d91c10aa3","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Resin","wgTitle":"Resin","wgCurRevisionId":1235368794,"wgRevisionId":1235368794,"wgArticleId":58890,"wgIsArticle":true, "wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Resin","wgRelevantArticleId":58890,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFMode":"stable","wgMFAmc":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachActive":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachUserEligible":false,"wgMFLazyLoadImages":true,"wgMFEditNoticesFeatureConflict":false,"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgMFIsSupportedEditRequest":true,"wgMFScriptPath":"","wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false, "wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":true,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgSectionTranslationMissingLanguages":[{"lang":"ace","autonym":"Acèh","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ady","autonym":"адыгабзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"alt","autonym":"алтай тил","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"am","autonym":"አማርኛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ami","autonym":"Pangcah","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"an","autonym":"aragonés","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ang","autonym":"Ænglisc","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ann","autonym":"Obolo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"anp","autonym":"अंगिका","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ary","autonym":"الدارجة","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"arz","autonym":"مصرى","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"as","autonym":"অসমীয়া","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"av","autonym":"авар","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"avk","autonym":"Kotava","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"awa","autonym":"अवधी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ay","autonym":"Aymar aru","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ban","autonym": "Basa Bali","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bbc","autonym":"Batak Toba","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bcl","autonym":"Bikol Central","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bdr","autonym":"Bajau Sama","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bew","autonym":"Betawi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bho","autonym":"भोजपुरी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bi","autonym":"Bislama","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bjn","autonym":"Banjar","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"blk","autonym":"ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bm","autonym":"bamanankan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bo","autonym":"བོད་ཡིག","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bpy","autonym":"বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"br","autonym":"brezhoneg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"btm","autonym":"Batak Mandailing","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bug","autonym":"Basa Ugi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ce","autonym":"нохчийн","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ceb","autonym":"Cebuano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ch","autonym":"Chamoru","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"chr","autonym":"ᏣᎳᎩ", "dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ckb","autonym":"کوردی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"co","autonym":"corsu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cr","autonym":"Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"crh","autonym":"qırımtatarca","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cu","autonym":"словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dga","autonym":"Dagaare","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"din","autonym":"Thuɔŋjäŋ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"diq","autonym":"Zazaki","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dsb","autonym":"dolnoserbski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dtp","autonym":"Kadazandusun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dv","autonym":"ދިވެހިބަސް","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"dz","autonym":"ཇོང་ཁ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ee","autonym":"eʋegbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"eml","autonym":"emiliàn e rumagnòl","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fat","autonym":"mfantse","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ff","autonym":"Fulfulde","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fo","autonym":"føroyskt","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fon","autonym":"fɔ̀ngbè","dir":"ltr"},{"lang": "frp","autonym":"arpetan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"frr","autonym":"Nordfriisk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fur","autonym":"furlan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fy","autonym":"Frysk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gag","autonym":"Gagauz","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gan","autonym":"贛語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gcr","autonym":"kriyòl gwiyannen","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"glk","autonym":"گیلکی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"gom","autonym":"गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gor","autonym":"Bahasa Hulontalo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gpe","autonym":"Ghanaian Pidgin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gu","autonym":"ગુજરાતી","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guc","autonym":"wayuunaiki","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gur","autonym":"farefare","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guw","autonym":"gungbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gv","autonym":"Gaelg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ha","autonym":"Hausa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hak","autonym":"客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"haw","autonym":"Hawaiʻi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang": "hif","autonym":"Fiji Hindi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hsb","autonym":"hornjoserbsce","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ht","autonym":"Kreyòl ayisyen","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hyw","autonym":"Արեւմտահայերէն","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ia","autonym":"interlingua","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"iba","autonym":"Jaku Iban","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ie","autonym":"Interlingue","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ig","autonym":"Igbo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"igl","autonym":"Igala","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ilo","autonym":"Ilokano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"it","autonym":"italiano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"iu","autonym":"ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"jam","autonym":"Patois","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"jv","autonym":"Jawa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kaa","autonym":"Qaraqalpaqsha","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kab","autonym":"Taqbaylit","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kbd","autonym":"адыгэбзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kbp","autonym":"Kabɩyɛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kcg","autonym":"Tyap","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kg","autonym":"Kongo","dir":"ltr"}, {"lang":"kge","autonym":"Kumoring","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ki","autonym":"Gĩkũyũ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kl","autonym":"kalaallisut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"koi","autonym":"перем коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"krc","autonym":"къарачай-малкъар","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ks","autonym":"कॉशुर / کٲشُر","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ku","autonym":"kurdî","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kus","autonym":"Kʋsaal","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kv","autonym":"коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kw","autonym":"kernowek","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ky","autonym":"кыргызча","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lad","autonym":"Ladino","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lb","autonym":"Lëtzebuergesch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lez","autonym":"лезги","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lg","autonym":"Luganda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"li","autonym":"Limburgs","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lij","autonym":"Ligure","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lld","autonym":"Ladin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lmo","autonym":"lombard","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ln","autonym":"lingála", "dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lo","autonym":"ລາວ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ltg","autonym":"latgaļu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mad","autonym":"Madhurâ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mai","autonym":"मैथिली","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"map-bms","autonym":"Basa Banyumasan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mdf","autonym":"мокшень","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mg","autonym":"Malagasy","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mhr","autonym":"олык марий","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mi","autonym":"Māori","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"min","autonym":"Minangkabau","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mn","autonym":"монгол","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mni","autonym":"ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mnw","autonym":"ဘာသာမန်","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mos","autonym":"moore","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mr","autonym":"मराठी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mrj","autonym":"кырык мары","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mt","autonym":"Malti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mwl","autonym":"Mirandés","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"my","autonym": "မြန်မာဘာသာ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mzn","autonym":"مازِرونی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"nah","autonym":"Nāhuatl","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nan","autonym":"閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nap","autonym":"Napulitano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nb","autonym":"norsk bokmål","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nds","autonym":"Plattdüütsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nds-nl","autonym":"Nedersaksies","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"new","autonym":"नेपाल भाषा","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nia","autonym":"Li Niha","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nqo","autonym":"ߒߞߏ","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"nr","autonym":"isiNdebele seSewula","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nso","autonym":"Sesotho sa Leboa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ny","autonym":"Chi-Chewa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"oc","autonym":"occitan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"om","autonym":"Oromoo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"or","autonym":"ଓଡ଼ିଆ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"os","autonym":"ирон","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pa","autonym":"ਪੰਜਾਬੀ","dir":"ltr"},{ "lang":"pag","autonym":"Pangasinan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pam","autonym":"Kapampangan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pap","autonym":"Papiamentu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcd","autonym":"Picard","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcm","autonym":"Naijá","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pdc","autonym":"Deitsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pms","autonym":"Piemontèis","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pwn","autonym":"pinayuanan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"qu","autonym":"Runa Simi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rm","autonym":"rumantsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rn","autonym":"ikirundi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ro","autonym":"română","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rsk","autonym":"руски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rue","autonym":"русиньскый","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rup","autonym":"armãneashti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rw","autonym":"Ikinyarwanda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sa","autonym":"संस्कृतम्","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sah","autonym":"саха тыла","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sat","autonym":"ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sc","autonym": "sardu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"scn","autonym":"sicilianu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sco","autonym":"Scots","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sd","autonym":"سنڌي","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"se","autonym":"davvisámegiella","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sg","autonym":"Sängö","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sgs","autonym":"žemaitėška","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"shn","autonym":"ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"si","autonym":"සිංහල","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"skr","autonym":"سرائیکی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"sl","autonym":"slovenščina","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sm","autonym":"Gagana Samoa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"smn","autonym":"anarâškielâ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sn","autonym":"chiShona","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"so","autonym":"Soomaaliga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"srn","autonym":"Sranantongo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ss","autonym":"SiSwati","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"st","autonym":"Sesotho","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"stq","autonym":"Seeltersk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"su","autonym":"Sunda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sw", "autonym":"Kiswahili","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"szl","autonym":"ślůnski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tay","autonym":"Tayal","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tcy","autonym":"ತುಳು","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tdd","autonym":"ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"te","autonym":"తెలుగు","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tet","autonym":"tetun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tg","autonym":"тоҷикӣ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ti","autonym":"ትግርኛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tk","autonym":"Türkmençe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tl","autonym":"Tagalog","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tly","autonym":"tolışi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tn","autonym":"Setswana","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"to","autonym":"lea faka-Tonga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tpi","autonym":"Tok Pisin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"trv","autonym":"Seediq","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ts","autonym":"Xitsonga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tum","autonym":"chiTumbuka","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tw","autonym":"Twi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ty","autonym":"reo tahiti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tyv", "autonym":"тыва дыл","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"udm","autonym":"удмурт","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ur","autonym":"اردو","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ve","autonym":"Tshivenda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vec","autonym":"vèneto","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vep","autonym":"vepsän kel’","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vls","autonym":"West-Vlams","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vo","autonym":"Volapük","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vro","autonym":"võro","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wa","autonym":"walon","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"war","autonym":"Winaray","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wo","autonym":"Wolof","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xal","autonym":"хальмг","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xh","autonym":"isiXhosa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xmf","autonym":"მარგალური","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"yi","autonym":"ייִדיש","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"yo","autonym":"Yorùbá","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"yue","autonym":"粵語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"za","autonym":"Vahcuengh","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"zgh","autonym":"ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ", "dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"zu","autonym":"isiZulu","dir":"ltr"}],"wgSectionTranslationTargetLanguages":["ace","ady","alt","am","ami","an","ang","ann","anp","ar","ary","arz","as","ast","av","avk","awa","ay","az","azb","ba","ban","bar","bbc","bcl","bdr","be","bew","bg","bho","bi","bjn","blk","bm","bn","bo","bpy","br","bs","btm","bug","ca","cdo","ce","ceb","ch","chr","ckb","co","cr","crh","cs","cu","cy","da","dag","de","dga","din","diq","dsb","dtp","dv","dz","ee","el","eml","eo","es","et","eu","fa","fat","ff","fi","fj","fo","fon","fr","frp","frr","fur","fy","gag","gan","gcr","gl","glk","gn","gom","gor","gpe","gu","guc","gur","guw","gv","ha","hak","haw","he","hi","hif","hr","hsb","ht","hu","hy","hyw","ia","iba","ie","ig","igl","ilo","io","is","it","iu","ja","jam","jv","ka","kaa","kab","kbd","kbp","kcg","kg","kge","ki","kk","kl","km","kn","ko","koi","krc","ks","ku","kus","kv","kw","ky","lad","lb","lez","lg","li","lij","lld","lmo","ln","lo","lt","ltg","lv","mad","mai","map-bms","mdf","mg","mhr", "mi","min","mk","ml","mn","mni","mnw","mos","mr","mrj","ms","mt","mwl","my","myv","mzn","nah","nan","nap","nb","nds","nds-nl","ne","new","nia","nl","nn","nqo","nr","nso","ny","oc","om","or","os","pa","pag","pam","pap","pcd","pcm","pdc","pl","pms","pnb","ps","pt","pwn","qu","rm","rn","ro","rsk","rue","rup","rw","sa","sah","sat","sc","scn","sco","sd","se","sg","sgs","sh","shi","shn","si","sk","skr","sl","sm","smn","sn","so","sq","sr","srn","ss","st","stq","su","sv","sw","szl","ta","tay","tcy","tdd","te","tet","tg","th","ti","tk","tl","tly","tn","to","tpi","tr","trv","ts","tt","tum","tw","ty","tyv","udm","ur","uz","ve","vec","vep","vi","vls","vo","vro","wa","war","wo","wuu","xal","xh","xmf","yi","yo","yue","za","zgh","zh","zu"],"isLanguageSearcherCXEntrypointEnabled":true,"mintEntrypointLanguages":["ace","ast","azb","bcl","bjn","bh","crh","ff","fon","ig","is","ki","ks","lmo","min","sat","ss","tn","vec"],"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q145205","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands", "architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgMinervaPermissions":{"watchable":true,"watch":false},"wgMinervaFeatures":{"beta":false,"donate":true,"mobileOptionsLink":true,"categories":false,"pageIssues":true,"talkAtTop":true,"historyInPageActions":false,"overflowSubmenu":false,"tabsOnSpecials":true,"personalMenu":false,"mainMenuExpanded":false,"echo":true,"nightMode":true},"wgMinervaDownloadNamespaces":[0]};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.content.styles.images":"ready","mediawiki.hlist":"ready","skins.minerva.codex.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.icons":"ready", "skins.minerva.amc.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","mobile.init.styles":"ready","ext.relatedArticles.styles":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.minerva.scripts","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.popups","mobile.init","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.relatedArticles.readMore.bootstrap","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.entrypoints.mffrequentlanguages","ext.cx.entrypoints.languagesearcher.init","mw.externalguidance.init","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.relatedArticles.styles%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.hlist%7Cmobile.init.styles%7Cskins.minerva.amc.styles%7Cskins.minerva.codex.styles%7Cskins.minerva.content.styles.images%7Cskins.minerva.icons%2Cstyles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=minerva"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=minerva"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=minerva"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#eaecf0"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Resin_with_insect_%28aka%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1665"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Resin_with_insect_%28aka%29.jpg/800px-Resin_with_insect_%28aka%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1110"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Resin_with_insect_%28aka%29.jpg/640px-Resin_with_insect_%28aka%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="888"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes, minimum-scale=0.25, maximum-scale=5.0"> <meta property="og:title" content="Resin - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="manifest" href="/w/api.php?action=webapp-manifest"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Resin&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resin"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Resin rootpage-Resin stable issues-group-B skin-minerva action-view skin--responsive mw-mf-amc-disabled mw-mf"><div id="mw-mf-viewport"> <div id="mw-mf-page-center"> <a class="mw-mf-page-center__mask" href="#"></a> <header class="header-container header-chrome"> <div class="minerva-header"> <nav class="navigation-drawer toggle-list view-border-box"> <input type="checkbox" id="main-menu-input" class="toggle-list__checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-labelledby="mw-mf-main-menu-button"> <label role="button" for="main-menu-input" id="mw-mf-main-menu-button" aria-hidden="true" data-event-name="ui.mainmenu" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet toggle-list__toggle"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--menu"></span> <span></span> </label> <div id="mw-mf-page-left" class="menu view-border-box"> <ul id="p-navigation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--home" href="/wiki/Main_Page" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--home"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Home</span> </a> </li> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--random" href="/wiki/Special:Random" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--die"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Random</span> </a> </li> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--nearby" href="/wiki/Special:Nearby" data-event-name="menu.nearby" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--mapPin"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Nearby</span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul id="p-personal" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--login" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Resin" data-event-name="menu.login" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--logIn"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Log in</span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul id="pt-preferences" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--settings" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:MobileOptions&returnto=Resin" data-event-name="menu.settings" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--settings"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Settings</span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul id="p-donation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--donate" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en&utm_key=minerva" data-event-name="menu.donate" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--heart"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Donate</span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="hlist"> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--about" href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" data-mw="interface"> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">About Wikipedia</span> </a> </li> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--disclaimers" href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer" data-mw="interface"> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Disclaimers</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <label class="main-menu-mask" for="main-menu-input"></label> </nav> <div class="branding-box"> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page"> <span><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </span> </a> </div> <form action="/w/index.php" method="get" class="minerva-search-form"> <div class="search-box"> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"/> <input class="search skin-minerva-search-trigger" id="searchInput" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> <span class="search-box-icon-overlay"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> </span> </div> <button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="User navigation"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Resin</span></h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <ul id="p-associated-pages" class="minerva__tab-container"> <li class="minerva__tab selected"> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Resin" rel="" data-event-name="tabs.subject">Article</a> </li> <li class="minerva__tab "> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Talk:Resin" rel="discussion" data-event-name="tabs.talk">Talk</a> </li> </ul> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" href="#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Language" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Language</span> </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Resin" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--star"></span> <span>Watch</span> </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="/w/index.php?title=Resin&action=edit" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Edit</span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav>  <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Resin_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Resin (disambiguation)">Resin (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Polymer_chemistry" title="Polymer chemistry">polymer chemistry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Materials_science" title="Materials science">materials science</a>, a <b>resin</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Solid" title="Solid">solid</a> or highly <a href="/wiki/Viscosity" title="Viscosity">viscous</a> substance of <a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">plant</a> or synthetic origin that is typically convertible into <a href="/wiki/Polymer" title="Polymer">polymers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Resins are usually mixtures of <a href="/wiki/Organic_compound" title="Organic compound">organic compounds</a>. This article focuses mainly on naturally occurring resins. </p><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Resin_with_insect_(aka).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Resin_with_insect_%28aka%29.jpg/220px-Resin_with_insect_%28aka%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="305" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Resin_with_insect_%28aka%29.jpg/330px-Resin_with_insect_%28aka%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Resin_with_insect_%28aka%29.jpg/440px-Resin_with_insect_%28aka%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="1360"></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Insect" title="Insect">Insect</a> trapped in resin</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cedar_of_Lebanon_cone.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Cedar_of_Lebanon_cone.JPG/170px-Cedar_of_Lebanon_cone.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Cedar_of_Lebanon_cone.JPG/255px-Cedar_of_Lebanon_cone.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Cedar_of_Lebanon_cone.JPG/340px-Cedar_of_Lebanon_cone.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1712" data-file-height="2288"></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cedar_of_Lebanon" class="mw-redirect" title="Cedar of Lebanon">Cedar of Lebanon</a> cone showing flecks of resin as used in the <a href="/wiki/Mummification" class="mw-redirect" title="Mummification">mummification</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pharaoh" title="Pharaoh"> Egyptian Pharaohs</a> </figcaption></figure> <p>Plants secrete resins for their protective benefits in response to injury. Resins protect plants from insects and pathogens.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Resins confound a wide range of herbivores, insects, and pathogens, while the <a href="/wiki/Volatility_(chemistry)" title="Volatility (chemistry)">volatile</a> <a href="/wiki/Natural_phenol" class="mw-redirect" title="Natural phenol"> phenolic compounds</a> may attract benefactors such as <a href="/wiki/Parasitoid" title="Parasitoid">parasitoids</a> or predators of the herbivores that attack the plant.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Composition"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Composition</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Examples"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Examples</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Rosin"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Rosin</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Petroleum-_and_insect-derived_resins"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Petroleum- and insect-derived resins</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#History_and_etymology"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">History and etymology</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Non-resinous_exudates"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Non-resinous exudates</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Uses"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Uses</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Plant_resins"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Plant resins</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Animal_resins"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Animal resins</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Synthetic_resins"><span class="tocnumber">3.3</span> <span class="toctext">Synthetic resins</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Composition">Composition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Resin&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Composition" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>Most plant resins are composed of <a href="/wiki/Terpene" title="Terpene">terpenes</a>. Specific components are <a href="/wiki/Alpha-Pinene" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpha-Pinene">alpha-pinene</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pinene" title="Pinene">beta-pinene</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carene" class="mw-redirect" title="Carene">delta-3 carene</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sabinene" title="Sabinene">sabinene</a>, the monocyclic terpenes <a href="/wiki/Limonene" title="Limonene">limonene</a> and <a href="/wiki/Terpinolene" class="mw-redirect" title="Terpinolene">terpinolene</a>, and smaller amounts of the tricyclic <a href="/wiki/Sesquiterpene" title="Sesquiterpene">sesquiterpenes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Longifolene" title="Longifolene">longifolene</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caryophyllene" title="Caryophyllene">caryophyllene</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cadinene" class="mw-redirect" title="Cadinene">delta-cadinene</a>. Some resins also contain a high proportion of <a href="/wiki/Resin_acid" title="Resin acid">resin acids</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rosin" title="Rosin">Rosins</a> on the other hand are less volatile and consist of diterpenes among other compounds.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Examples">Examples</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Resin&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Examples" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Examples of plant resins include <a href="/wiki/Amber" title="Amber">amber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balm_of_Gilead" title="Balm of Gilead">Balm of Gilead</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balsam" title="Balsam">balsam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada_balsam" title="Canada balsam">Canada balsam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Copal" title="Copal">copal</a> from trees of <i><a href="/wiki/Protium_(plant)" title="Protium (plant)">Protium</a> copal</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Hymenaea_courbaril" title="Hymenaea courbaril">Hymenaea courbaril</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Dammar_gum" title="Dammar gum">dammar gum</a> from trees of the family <a href="/wiki/Dipterocarpaceae" title="Dipterocarpaceae">Dipterocarpaceae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dragon%27s_blood" title="Dragon's blood">dragon's blood</a> from the dragon trees (<i><a href="/wiki/Dracaena_(plant)" title="Dracaena (plant)">Dracaena</a></i> species), <a href="/wiki/Elemi" class="mw-redirect" title="Elemi">elemi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frankincense" title="Frankincense">frankincense</a> from <i><a href="/wiki/Boswellia_sacra" title="Boswellia sacra">Boswellia sacra</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Galbanum" title="Galbanum">galbanum</a> from <i><a href="/wiki/Ferula_gummosa" title="Ferula gummosa">Ferula gummosa</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Gum_guaicum" title="Gum guaicum">gum guaiacum</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Lignum_vitae" title="Lignum vitae">lignum vitae</a> trees of the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Guaiacum" title="Guaiacum">Guaiacum</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Kauri_gum" title="Kauri gum">kauri gum</a> from trees of <i><a href="/wiki/Agathis_australis" title="Agathis australis">Agathis australis</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Hashish" title="Hashish">hashish</a> (Cannabis resin) from <i><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_indica" title="Cannabis indica">Cannabis indica</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Labdanum" title="Labdanum">labdanum</a> from mediterranean species of <i><a href="/wiki/Cistus" title="Cistus">Cistus</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Mastic_(plant_resin)" title="Mastic (plant resin)">mastic (plant resin)</a> from the mastic tree <i><a href="/wiki/Pistacia_lentiscus" title="Pistacia lentiscus">Pistacia lentiscus</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Myrrh" title="Myrrh">myrrh</a> from shrubs of <i><a href="/wiki/Commiphora" title="Commiphora">Commiphora</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Sandarac" title="Sandarac">sandarac</a> resin from <i><a href="/wiki/Tetraclinis_articulata" class="mw-redirect" title="Tetraclinis articulata">Tetraclinis articulata</a></i>, the national tree of Malta, <a href="/wiki/Styrax#uses_of_resin" title="Styrax">styrax</a> (a <a href="/wiki/Benzoin_resin" class="mw-redirect" title="Benzoin resin">Benzoin resin</a> from various <i><a href="/wiki/Styrax" title="Styrax">Styrax</a></i> species) and <a href="/wiki/Spinifex_resin" title="Spinifex resin">spinifex resin</a> from Australian grasses. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Amber" title="Amber">Amber</a> is <a href="/wiki/Fossil" title="Fossil">fossil</a> resin (also called resinite) from coniferous and other tree species. Copal, kauri gum, dammar and other resins may also be found as subfossil deposits. Subfossil copal can be distinguished from genuine fossil amber because it becomes tacky when a drop of a solvent such as <a href="/wiki/Acetone" title="Acetone">acetone</a> or <a href="/wiki/Chloroform" title="Chloroform">chloroform</a> is placed on it.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> African <a href="/wiki/Copal" title="Copal">copal</a> and the kauri gum of New Zealand are also procured in a semi-fossil condition. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rosin">Rosin</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Resin&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Rosin" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Rosin" title="Rosin">Rosin</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Araucaria_Resin.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Araucaria_Resin.JPG/220px-Araucaria_Resin.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Araucaria_Resin.JPG/220px-Araucaria_Resin.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Araucaria_Resin.JPG/330px-Araucaria_Resin.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Araucaria_Resin.JPG/440px-Araucaria_Resin.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Extremely <a href="/wiki/Viscosity" title="Viscosity">viscous</a> resin extruding from the trunk of a mature <i><a href="/wiki/Araucaria_columnaris" title="Araucaria columnaris">Araucaria columnaris</a></i>.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Rosin" title="Rosin">Rosin</a> is a solidified resin from which the <a href="/wiki/Volatility_(chemistry)" title="Volatility (chemistry)">volatile</a> <a href="/wiki/Terpene" title="Terpene">terpenes</a> have been removed by distillation. Typical rosin is a transparent or translucent mass, with a vitreous fracture and a faintly yellow or brown colour, non-odorous or having only a slight turpentine odour and taste. Rosin is insoluble in water, mostly soluble in alcohol, <a href="/wiki/Essential_oil" title="Essential oil">essential oils</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diethyl_ether" title="Diethyl ether">ether</a>, and hot fatty oils. Rosin softens and melts when heated and burns with a bright but smoky flame. </p><p>Rosin consists of a complex mixture of different substances including organic acids named the <a href="/wiki/Resin_acid" title="Resin acid">resin acids</a>. Related to the terpenes, resin acid is <a href="/wiki/Oxidation" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxidation">oxidized</a> terpenes. Resin acids dissolve in <a href="/wiki/Alkali" title="Alkali">alkalis</a> to form <a href="/wiki/Resin_soap" title="Resin soap">resin soaps</a>, from which the resin acids are regenerated upon treatment with acids. Examples of resin acids are <a href="/wiki/Abietic_acid" title="Abietic acid">abietic acid</a> (sylvic acid), C<sub>20</sub>H<sub>30</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, <a href="/wiki/Plicatic_acid" title="Plicatic acid">plicatic acid</a> contained in cedar, and <a href="/wiki/Pimaric_acid" title="Pimaric acid">pimaric acid</a>, C<sub>20</sub>H<sub>30</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, a constituent of <a href="/wiki/Galipot" title="Galipot">galipot</a> resin. Abietic acid can also be extracted from rosin by means of hot alcohol. </p><p>Rosin is obtained from <a href="/wiki/Pine" title="Pine">pines</a> and some other <a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">plants</a>, mostly <a href="/wiki/Pinophyta" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinophyta">conifers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ullmann_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ullmann-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Plant resins are generally produced as stem secretions, but in some Central and South American species of <i><a href="/wiki/Dalechampia" title="Dalechampia">Dalechampia</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Clusia" title="Clusia">Clusia</a></i> they are produced as pollination rewards, and used by some <a href="/wiki/Stingless_bee" title="Stingless bee">stingless bee</a> species in nest construction.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Propolis" title="Propolis">Propolis</a>, consisting largely of resins collected from plants such as <a href="/wiki/Poplars" class="mw-redirect" title="Poplars">poplars</a> and <a href="/wiki/Conifer" title="Conifer">conifers</a>, is used by <a href="/wiki/Honey_bee" title="Honey bee">honey bees</a> to seal small gaps in their hives, while larger gaps are filled with beeswax.<sup id="cite_ref-Finstrom_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Finstrom-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Petroleum-_and_insect-derived_resins">Petroleum- and insect-derived resins</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Resin&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Petroleum- and insect-derived resins" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p><a href="/wiki/Shellac" title="Shellac">Shellac</a> is an example of an insect-derived resin. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Asphaltite" title="Asphaltite">Asphaltite</a> and Utah resin are petroleum <a href="/wiki/Bitumen" title="Bitumen">bitumens</a>. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="History_and_etymology">History and etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Resin&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: History and etymology" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Resin_on_Almond_tree.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Resin_on_Almond_tree.jpg/220px-Resin_on_Almond_tree.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Resin_on_Almond_tree.jpg/220px-Resin_on_Almond_tree.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Resin_on_Almond_tree.jpg/330px-Resin_on_Almond_tree.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Resin_on_Almond_tree.jpg/440px-Resin_on_Almond_tree.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>The material dripping from an almond tree looks confusingly like resin, but actually is a <a href="/wiki/Natural_gum" title="Natural gum">gum</a> or <a href="/wiki/Mucilage" title="Mucilage">mucilage</a>, and chemically very different.</figcaption></figure> <p>Human use of plant resins has a very long history that was documented in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">ancient Greece</a> by <a href="/wiki/Theophrastus" title="Theophrastus">Theophrastus</a>, in ancient Rome by <a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny the Elder</a>, and especially in the resins known as <a href="/wiki/Frankincense" title="Frankincense">frankincense</a> and <a href="/wiki/Myrrh" title="Myrrh">myrrh</a>, prized in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">ancient Egypt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ancegy_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ancegy-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These were highly prized substances, and required as <a href="/wiki/Incense" title="Incense">incense</a> in some religious rites. </p><p>The word <i>resin</i> comes from French <i>resine</i>, from Latin <i>resina</i> "resin", which either derives from or is a <a href="/wiki/Cognate" title="Cognate">cognate</a> of the Greek <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ῥητίνη</span></span> <i>rhētínē</i> "resin of the pine", of unknown earlier origin, though probably non-<a href="/wiki/Indo-European_languages" title="Indo-European languages">Indo-European</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The word "resin" has been applied in the modern world to nearly any component of a liquid that will set into a hard <a href="/wiki/Lacquer" title="Lacquer">lacquer</a> or <a href="/wiki/Vitreous_enamel" title="Vitreous enamel">enamel</a>-like finish. An example is nail polish. Certain "casting resins" and <a href="/wiki/Synthetic_resin" title="Synthetic resin">synthetic resins</a> (such as <a href="/wiki/Epoxy_resin" class="mw-redirect" title="Epoxy resin">epoxy resin</a>) have also been given the name "resin". </p><p>Some naturally-derived resins, when soft, are known as 'oleoresins', and when containing <a href="/wiki/Benzoic_acid" title="Benzoic acid">benzoic acid</a> or <a href="/wiki/Cinnamic_acid" title="Cinnamic acid">cinnamic acid</a> they are called balsams. Oleoresins are naturally-occurring mixtures of an oil and a resin; they can be extracted from various plants. Other resinous products in their natural condition are a mix with <a href="/wiki/Natural_gum" title="Natural gum">gum</a> or mucilaginous substances and known as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gum_resin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gum resin (page does not exist)">gum resins</a>. Several natural resins are used as ingredients in perfumes, e.g., balsams of Peru and tolu, elemi, styrax, and certain turpentines.<sup id="cite_ref-Ullmann_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ullmann-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-resinous_exudates">Non-resinous exudates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Resin&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Non-resinous exudates" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Other liquid compounds found inside plants or exuded by plants, such as <a href="/wiki/Plant_sap" class="mw-redirect" title="Plant sap">sap</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latex" title="Latex">latex</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Mucilage" title="Mucilage">mucilage</a>, are sometimes confused with resin but are not the same. Saps, in particular, serve a nutritive function that resins do not. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:R%C3%A9sine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/R%C3%A9sine.jpg/220px-R%C3%A9sine.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="340" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="530" data-file-height="820"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 340px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/R%C3%A9sine.jpg/220px-R%C3%A9sine.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="340" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/R%C3%A9sine.jpg/330px-R%C3%A9sine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/R%C3%A9sine.jpg/440px-R%C3%A9sine.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Resin of pine</figcaption></figure> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Resin&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Uses" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Plant_resins">Plant resins</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Resin&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Plant resins" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Plant resins are valued for the production of <a href="/wiki/Varnish" title="Varnish">varnishes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adhesive" title="Adhesive">adhesives</a>, and food <a href="/wiki/Glazing_agent" title="Glazing agent">glazing agents</a>. They are also prized as raw materials for the <a href="/wiki/Organic_synthesis" title="Organic synthesis">synthesis of other organic compounds</a> and provide constituents of <a href="/wiki/Incense" title="Incense">incense</a> and <a href="/wiki/Perfume" title="Perfume">perfume</a>. The oldest known use of plant resin comes from the late Middle Stone Age in Southern Africa where it was used as an adhesive for hafting stone tools.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Frankincense_2005-12-31.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Frankincense_2005-12-31.jpg/220px-Frankincense_2005-12-31.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Frankincense_2005-12-31.jpg/220px-Frankincense_2005-12-31.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Frankincense_2005-12-31.jpg/330px-Frankincense_2005-12-31.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Frankincense_2005-12-31.jpg/440px-Frankincense_2005-12-31.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Lumps of dried <a href="/wiki/Frankincense" title="Frankincense">frankincense</a> resin</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Protium_Sp._MHNT.BOT.2016.24.54.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Protium_Sp._MHNT.BOT.2016.24.54.jpg/220px-Protium_Sp._MHNT.BOT.2016.24.54.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Protium_Sp._MHNT.BOT.2016.24.54.jpg/220px-Protium_Sp._MHNT.BOT.2016.24.54.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Protium_Sp._MHNT.BOT.2016.24.54.jpg/330px-Protium_Sp._MHNT.BOT.2016.24.54.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Protium_Sp._MHNT.BOT.2016.24.54.jpg/440px-Protium_Sp._MHNT.BOT.2016.24.54.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Caranna" title="Caranna">Caranna</a>, a hard, brittle, resinous gum from species of <i>Protium</i></figcaption></figure> <p>The hard transparent resins, such as the copals, <a href="/wiki/Dammar" class="mw-redirect" title="Dammar">dammars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mastic_(plant_resin)" title="Mastic (plant resin)">mastic</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sandarac" title="Sandarac">sandarac</a>, are principally used for varnishes and adhesives, while the softer odoriferous oleo-resins (<a href="/wiki/Frankincense" title="Frankincense">frankincense</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elemi" class="mw-redirect" title="Elemi">elemi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turpentine" title="Turpentine">turpentine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Copaiba" title="Copaiba">copaiba</a>), and gum resins containing essential oils (<a href="/wiki/Ammoniacum" title="Ammoniacum">ammoniacum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asafoetida" title="Asafoetida">asafoetida</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gamboge" title="Gamboge">gamboge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Myrrh" title="Myrrh">myrrh</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Scammony" class="mw-redirect" title="Scammony">scammony</a>) are more used for therapeutic purposes, food and <a href="/wiki/Incense" title="Incense">incense</a>. The resin of the <a href="/wiki/Aleppo_Pine" class="mw-redirect" title="Aleppo Pine">Aleppo Pine</a> is used to flavour <a href="/wiki/Retsina" title="Retsina">retsina</a>, a Greek <a href="/wiki/Resinated_wine" title="Resinated wine">resinated wine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Animal_resins">Animal resins</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Resin&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Animal resins" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>While animal resins are not as common as either plant or synthetic resins some animal resins like <a href="/wiki/Lac_(resin)" title="Lac (resin)">lac</a> (obtained from <i><a href="/wiki/Kerria_lacca" title="Kerria lacca">Kerria lacca</a></i>) are used for applications like <a href="/wiki/Sealing_wax" title="Sealing wax">sealing wax</a> in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-indiapost1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indiapost1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Lacquerware" title="Lacquerware">lacquerware</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Synthetic_resins">Synthetic resins</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Resin&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Synthetic resins" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Synthetic_resin" title="Synthetic resin">Synthetic resin</a></div> <p>Many materials are produced via the conversion of synthetic resins to solids. Important examples are <a href="/wiki/Bisphenol_A_diglycidyl_ether" title="Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether">bisphenol A diglycidyl ether</a>, which is a resin converted to <a href="/wiki/Epoxy_glue" class="mw-redirect" title="Epoxy glue">epoxy glue</a> upon the addition of a hardener. Silicones are often prepared from silicone resins via <a href="/wiki/RTV_silicone" title="RTV silicone">room temperature vulcanization</a>. <a href="/wiki/Alkyd_resin" class="mw-redirect" title="Alkyd resin">Alkyd resins</a> are used in <a href="/wiki/Paint" title="Paint">paints</a> and <a href="/wiki/Varnish" title="Varnish">varnishes</a> and harden or cure by exposure to <a href="/wiki/Oxygen" title="Oxygen">oxygen</a> in the air.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Resin&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amber" title="Amber">Amber</a> – Fossilized tree resin</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resin_extraction" title="Resin extraction">Resin extraction</a> – Process of collecting sap or resin from pine trees</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balsam_of_Peru" title="Balsam of Peru">Balsam of Peru</a> – Type of tree balsam – used in food and drink for flavoring, in perfumes and toiletries for fragrance, and in medicine and pharmaceutical items.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mastic_(plant_resin)" title="Mastic (plant resin)">Mastic (plant resin)</a> – Resin traditionally obtained from the mastic tree on the island of Chios</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitch_(resin)" title="Pitch (resin)">Pitch (resin)</a> – Natural or manufactured resin</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kino_(gum)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kino (gum)">Kino (gum)</a> – plant gum<span style="display:none" class="category-wikidata-fallback-annotation">Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodegradable" class="mw-redirect" title="Biodegradable">Biodegradable</a> – Decomposition by living organisms<span style="display:none" class="category-annotation-with-redirected-description">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</span> – plant resins are naturally biodegradable in many circumstances.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resin_casting" title="Resin casting">Resin casting</a> – method of plastic casting where a mold is filled with a liquid synthetic resin, which then hardens. It is primarily used for small-scale production like industrial prototypes and dentistry<span style="display:none" class="category-wikidata-fallback-annotation">Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyresin" class="mw-redirect" title="Polyresin">Polyresin</a> – Type of synthetic resin<span style="display:none" class="category-annotation-with-redirected-description">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</span></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Resin&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">"resin". <i>IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology</i>. 3.0.1 (3rd ed.). International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2019. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1351%2Fgoldbook.RT07166">10.1351/goldbook.RT07166</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=resin&rft.btitle=IUPAC+Compendium+of+Chemical+Terminology&rft.series=3.0.1&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=International+Union+of+Pure+and+Applied+Chemistry&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1351%2Fgoldbook.RT07166&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AResin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/ethnobotany/resins.shtml">"Resins"</a>. <i>www.fs.fed.us</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.fs.fed.us&rft.atitle=Resins&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fs.fed.us%2Fwildflowers%2Fethnobotany%2Fresins.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AResin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> "Plant Resins: Chemistry, evolution, ecology, and ethnobotany", by Jean Langenheim, <a href="/wiki/Timber_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Timber Press">Timber Press</a>, Portland, OR. 2003</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">David Grimaldi, <i>Amber: Window to the Past</i>, 1996, p 16-20, American Museum of Natural History</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ullmann-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ullmann_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ullmann_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFiebachGrimm2000" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Fiebach, Klemens; Grimm, Dieter (2000). "Resins, Natural". <i>Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry</i>. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F14356007.a23_073">10.1002/14356007.a23_073</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-527-30673-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-527-30673-2"><bdi>978-3-527-30673-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Resins%2C+Natural&rft.btitle=Ullmann%27s+Encyclopedia+of+Industrial+Chemistry&rft.place=Weinheim&rft.pub=Wiley-VCH&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F14356007.a23_073&rft.isbn=978-3-527-30673-2&rft.aulast=Fiebach&rft.aufirst=Klemens&rft.au=Grimm%2C+Dieter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AResin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBittrichAmaral1996" class="citation journal cs1">Bittrich, V.; Amaral, Maria C. E. (1996). "Flower morphology and pollination biology of some Clusia species from the Gran Sabana (Venezuela)". <i>Kew Bulletin</i>. <b>51</b> (4): 681–694. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1996KewBu..51..681B">1996KewBu..51..681B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F4119722">10.2307/4119722</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4119722">4119722</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kew+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Flower+morphology+and+pollination+biology+of+some+Clusia+species+from+the+Gran+Sabana+%28Venezuela%29&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=681-694&rft.date=1996&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4119722%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F4119722&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1996KewBu..51..681B&rft.aulast=Bittrich&rft.aufirst=V.&rft.au=Amaral%2C+Maria+C.+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AResin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGonçalves-Alvim2001" class="citation journal cs1">Gonçalves-Alvim, Silmary de Jesus (2001). "Resin-collecting bees (Apidae) on Clusia palmicida (Clusiaceae) in a riparian forest in Brazil". <i>Journal of Tropical Ecology</i>. <b>17</b> (1): 149–153. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2Fs0266467401001092">10.1017/s0266467401001092</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:85842020">85842020</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Tropical+Ecology&rft.atitle=Resin-collecting+bees+%28Apidae%29+on+Clusia+palmicida+%28Clusiaceae%29+in+a+riparian+forest+in+Brazil&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=149-153&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2Fs0266467401001092&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A85842020%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Gon%C3%A7alves-Alvim&rft.aufirst=Silmary+de+Jesus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AResin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Finstrom-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Finstrom_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimone-FinstromSpivak2010" class="citation journal cs1">Simone-Finstrom, M.; Spivak, M. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1051/apido/2010016.pdf">"Propolis and bee health: The natural history and significance of resin use by honey bees"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Apidologie</i>. <b>41</b> (3): 295–311. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1051%2Fapido%2F2010016">10.1051/apido/2010016</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:15828725">15828725</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Apidologie&rft.atitle=Propolis+and+bee+health%3A+The+natural+history+and+significance+of+resin+use+by+honey+bees&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=295-311&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1051%2Fapido%2F2010016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A15828725%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Simone-Finstrom&rft.aufirst=M.&rft.au=Spivak%2C+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Fcontent%2Fpdf%2F10.1051%2Fapido%2F2010016.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AResin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ancegy-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ancegy_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140814154851/http://ocean.tamu.edu/Quarterdeck/QD3.1/Elsayed/elsayedhatshepsut.html">"Queen Hatshepsut's expedition to the Land of Punt: The first oceanographic cruise?"</a>. Dept. of Oceanography, Texas A&M University. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ocean.tamu.edu/Quarterdeck/QD3.1/Elsayed/elsayedhatshepsut.html">the original</a> on 2014-08-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-05-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Queen+Hatshepsut%27s+expedition+to+the+Land+of+Punt%3A+The+first+oceanographic+cruise%3F&rft.pub=Dept.+of+Oceanography%2C+Texas+A%26M+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Focean.tamu.edu%2FQuarterdeck%2FQD3.1%2FElsayed%2Felsayedhatshepsut.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AResin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/163629">"resin, n. and adj"</a>. <i>OED Online</i>. Oxford University Press. September 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OED+Online&rft.atitle=resin%2C+n.+and+adj.&rft.date=2014-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oed.com%2Fview%2FEntry%2F163629&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AResin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=resin">"resin (n.)"</a>. <i>Online Etymology Dictionary</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft.atitle=resin+%28n.%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Findex.php%3Fterm%3Dresin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AResin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKozowykLangejansPoulis2016" class="citation journal cs1">Kozowyk, P. R. B.; Langejans, G. H. J.; Poulis, J. A. (2016-03-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://repository.tudelft.nl/islandora/object/uuid%3A8e8d5540-1d0f-4f84-8d86-932d8a8af5e1/datastream/OBJ/download">"Lap Shear and Impact Testing of Ochre and Beeswax in Experimental Middle Stone Age Compound Adhesives"</a>. <i>PLOS ONE</i>. <b>11</b> (3): e0150436. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016PLoSO..1150436K">2016PLoSO..1150436K</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0150436">10.1371/journal.pone.0150436</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1932-6203">1932-6203</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4794155">4794155</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26983080">26983080</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+ONE&rft.atitle=Lap+Shear+and+Impact+Testing+of+Ochre+and+Beeswax+in+Experimental+Middle+Stone+Age+Compound+Adhesives&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=e0150436&rft.date=2016-03-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4794155%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2016PLoSO..1150436K&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F26983080&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0150436&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.aulast=Kozowyk&rft.aufirst=P.+R.+B.&rft.au=Langejans%2C+G.+H.+J.&rft.au=Poulis%2C+J.+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frepository.tudelft.nl%2Fislandora%2Fobject%2Fuuid%253A8e8d5540-1d0f-4f84-8d86-932d8a8af5e1%2Fdatastream%2FOBJ%2Fdownload&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AResin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150619120550/http://www.fao.org/docrep/x0453e/x0453e10.htm">"Non-wood forest products from conifers - CHAPTER 6"</a>. <i>www.fao.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/x0453e/x0453e10.htm">the original</a> on 2015-06-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-06-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.fao.org&rft.atitle=Non-wood+forest+products+from+conifers+-+CHAPTER+6&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fao.org%2Fdocrep%2Fx0453e%2Fx0453e10.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AResin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-indiapost1-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-indiapost1_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itokri.com/pages/the-art-of-sealing">"The art of sealing."</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chemicaldynamics.net/2016/03/29/basics-alkyd-resin-technology">"Basics of Alkyd Resin Technology"</a>. <i>Chemical Dynamics</i>. 2016-03-29. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210514151428/https://chemicaldynamics.net/2016/03/29/basics-alkyd-resin-technology">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-05-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Dynamics&rft.atitle=Basics+of+Alkyd+Resin+Technology&rft.date=2016-03-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fchemicaldynamics.net%2F2016%2F03%2F29%2Fbasics-alkyd-resin-technology&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AResin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Resin&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 16px;height: 16px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="16" data-height="16" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> The dictionary definition of <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/resin" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:resin"><i>resin</i></a> at Wiktionary</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 12px;height: 16px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="12" data-height="16" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resin" class="extiw" title="commons:Resin">Resin</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Resin&oldid=1235368794">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Resin&oldid=1235368794</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Resin&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="GA-RT-22" data-user-gender="male" data-timestamp="1721344175"> <span>Last edited on 18 July 2024, at 23:09</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hars" title="Hars – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Hars" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AC" title="راتنج – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="راتنج" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resina" title="Resina – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Resina" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papaskiw_(irinacitc)" title="Papaskiw (irinacitc) – Atikamekw" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Papaskiw (irinacitc)" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="Atikamekw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangaysy" title="Mangaysy – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mangaysy" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatran" title="Qatran – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qatran" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%AF%D9%87" title="کیتیرگه – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کیتیرگه" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8" title="রজন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রজন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhi%C5%AB-ch%C3%AD" title="Chhiū-chí – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chhiū-chí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AB%D2%AB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Ыҫмала – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ыҫмала" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Смала – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Смала" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Смола – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Смола" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baambeech" title="Baambeech – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Baambeech" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smola" title="Smola – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Smola" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resina" title="Resina – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Resina" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%C4%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Сăмала – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сăмала" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prysky%C5%99ice" title="Pryskyřice – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pryskyřice" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resin" title="Resin – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Resin" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Di%C9%A3iri" title="Diɣiri – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Diɣiri" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harpiks" title="Harpiks – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Harpiks" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harz_(Material)" title="Harz (Material) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Harz (Material)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaik" title="Vaik – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vaik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7" title="Ρητίνη – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρητίνη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B9" title="Пичеой – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Пичеой" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resina" title="Resina – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Resina" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rezino" title="Rezino – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Rezino" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erretxina" title="Erretxina – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Erretxina" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%85%D8%BA" title="صمغ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="صمغ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9sine" title="Résine – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Résine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rois%C3%ADn" title="Roisín – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Roisín" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resina" title="Resina – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Resina" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%82%98%EB%AD%87%EC%A7%84" title="나뭇진 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="나뭇진" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BD%D5%A5%D5%AA%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Խեժեր – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Խեժեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8" title="रेज़िन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रेज़िन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smola" title="Smola – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Smola" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rezino" title="Rezino – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Rezino" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resin" title="Resin – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Resin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trj%C3%A1kvo%C3%B0a" title="Trjákvoða – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Trjákvoða" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%A3" title="שרף – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שרף" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B3" title="ರಾಳ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ರಾಳ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ფისი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფისი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B%D1%80" title="Шайыр – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Шайыр" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sve%C4%B7i" title="Sveķi – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sveķi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sakai" title="Sakai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sakai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyanta" title="Gyanta – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gyanta" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Смола – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Смола" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB" title="റെസിൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റെസിൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resin" title="Resin – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Resin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A9u-n%C4%95ng" title="Chéu-nĕng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Chéu-nĕng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resin" title="Resin – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Resin" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hars" title="Hars – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hars" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B" title="खोटो – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="खोटो" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E6%A8%B9%E8%84%82" title="天然樹脂 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="天然樹脂" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harpiks" title="Harpiks – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Harpiks" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvae" title="Kvae – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kvae" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smola" title="Smola – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Smola" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%86" title="جوگن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جوگن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%86" title="ريزين – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ريزين" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%87%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%B9%E1%9E%80" title="ជ័រទឹក – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ជ័រទឹក" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BBywica" title="Żywica – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Żywica" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resina" title="Resina – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Resina" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Смола – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Смола" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rr%C3%ABshira" title="Rrëshira – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Rrëshira" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resin" title="Resin – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Resin" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%ADrodn%C3%A1_%C5%BEivica" title="Prírodná živica – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Prírodná živica" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Смола – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Смола" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smola" title="Smola – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Smola" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartsi" title="Hartsi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hartsi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harts" title="Harts – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Harts" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="பிசின் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பிசின்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timijglt" title="Timijglt – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Timijglt" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Сумала – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Сумала" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89" title="ยางไม้ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ยางไม้" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Re%C3%A7ine" title="Reçine – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Reçine" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Смола – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Смола" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nh%E1%BB%B1a_c%C3%A2y" title="Nhựa cây – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nhựa cây" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%91%E8%84%82" title="树脂 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="树脂" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A8%B9%E8%84%82" title="樹脂 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="樹脂" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%91%E8%84%82" title="树脂 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="树脂" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 18 July 2024, at 23:09<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-terms-use"><a href="https://foundation.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Terms of Use</a></li> <li id="footer-places-desktop-toggle"><a id="mw-mf-display-toggle" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Resin&mobileaction=toggle_view_desktop" data-event-name="switch_to_desktop">Desktop</a></li> </ul> </div> </footer> </div> </div> <div class="mw-notification-area" data-mw="interface"></div>  <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-f2r5r","wgBackendResponseTime":243,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.728","walltime":"1.028","ppvisitednodes":{"value":3592,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":88677,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":2584,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":12,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":6,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":75513,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 857.123 1 -total"," 20.09% 172.158 1 Template:Reflist"," 15.65% 134.148 1 Template:Lang"," 14.10% 120.872 5 Template:Navbox"," 13.77% 118.061 9 Template:Annotated_link"," 12.86% 110.255 1 Template:Non-timber_forest_products"," 11.02% 94.482 2 Template:Cite_encyclopedia"," 8.60% 73.712 1 Template:Short_description"," 8.32% 71.340 2 Template:Sister-inline"," 8.19% 70.185 1 Template:Commons-inline"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.479","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":16109786,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-68pwz","timestamp":"20241123085413","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Resin","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Resin","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q145205","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q145205","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-06-22T16:05:19Z","dateModified":"2024-07-18T23:09:35Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/6e\/Resin_with_insect_%28aka%29.jpg","headline":"solid or highly viscous substance, of plant or synthetic origin, which can be polymerized into a solid"}</script><script>(window.NORLQ=window.NORLQ||[]).push(function(){var ns,i,p,img;ns=document.getElementsByTagName('noscript');for(i=0;i<ns.length;i++){p=ns[i].nextSibling;if(p&&p.className&&p.className.indexOf('lazy-image-placeholder')>-1){img=document.createElement('img');img.setAttribute('src',p.getAttribute('data-src'));img.setAttribute('width',p.getAttribute('data-width'));img.setAttribute('height',p.getAttribute('data-height'));img.setAttribute('alt',p.getAttribute('data-alt'));p.parentNode.replaceChild(img,p);}}});</script> </body> </html>