CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "www.harvardbusiness.org",cType: 'managed',cRay: '921926eb5a43835d',cH: 'QdXpEmZdTc8oQSrlfDJqYAQHB._ZZtJc9rkjtvYCg6s-1742179503-1.2.1.1-vgNh.cQf.mxqmRQ1TM8XzeSajXw9buWDVwg72ACYpPYV_cKjF7CtE8sY3XVlJxTc',cUPMDTk: "\/?__cf_chl_tk=oKtYvHvbqlXb5VQpTEI1lot5IZs5Y9ThjCPE8D1UKr8-1742179503-1.0.1.1-FAo8qV1K8ri39JgyQxS_tiNwPq_y2S1oF_1zrpNYw6Y",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1742179503',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/?__cf_chl_f_tk=oKtYvHvbqlXb5VQpTEI1lot5IZs5Y9ThjCPE8D1UKr8-1742179503-1.0.1.1-FAo8qV1K8ri39JgyQxS_tiNwPq_y2S1oF_1zrpNYw6Y",md: "5qA2PFzFl0AWe3VAxUNwCPz2Chtc.EY3_cXnaQ8m5yc-1742179503-1.2.1.1-vMfCxlsKlaakndYt1QHoXSlrWd2YL1hEXpoqjjXKiVStqEx6HS8H.kZOlf4U1Cb0QLVLoGo5zMTi7fl4niJcMa5RtcKmNdJ.RyIjoVF3idiF6Y_VfJkaGP1TOAbHB1cpCQGoY91ZU.G2fSCdmECdMW4v0LZOQh1EvSBl2ytiY6UovNidoBSPvo799j6EcOl2Ua6xkF9uZHqBrT5DMGiDbXcjGkoDbs2w46ktusw6sX5quV2XOXPh9_YnwRaHD3ksOzlQpHacynO4aN9XgMZp3xK4P1xcS3G1xt_MyI24x9ctPnYPWhsH6f_BGLeetIHycw7Jl6xKzTxO2Db0lPr1gpdT8EL0POQROJhxJhJlN3gBmk23vTnVUhzJdVj.k8T3_iBTP3q8fAPEIfgLP9d8fp7rHiKf.IhWIexpSCS3jomfPvuGjetyf_9NrtA1El3ef3vnKjvFoMHp2lvAW289MOgjAaiquFqs3wzm3pMx_TEp18yZsLDBZvDb2pjeJYwd8t1oWansd4ODWQ0BegGFlLnpgzff3takoxSFh65d70p..PVHXFkydze8ZY6XUZGqLYKoP3wYQRLTyeWUuMD6PQmFlEq9_CN4B_kboURYghwYzA2h3uuYR5Iz.Go59Ib24JlRlVY55SzCiawpPciTiMj3NN1aqGLrXzSDk8ra3O10kEGMVtPCna7dnS36lngfkuuiMfQEDuRD0nwifyALl1RTs9oX9NCZT4UjK4.cGc0xQ7fsg0mZneFQaWBho2L13aKHk4tJITf0UliovAMAEGBygM3qLQV8ascEvmOd6Jy2nQolj7WL3KeCS0CBTkjEbhXwE4rbk_tYrtMGQNtEDFzBoc9BfYht7JSg4TATRBKkdh6L13eNC3gASxxcLxbWnOcZ3uJx7Lb98197_qVjyUWdMZOPhSTyVZUqFnFMtcf6NzxefPMMB.Swwzz8_BL4YScI_J3y67cd1M.8rp6PdZNuHMtF5jmxnHysqVI.IDRUfATdzeRYjj0o30lURBL.3vltrv5Wsd8yi49hmA3GuILASYeiGBsQFDOc.wjhNstYLVl.O9TpLLarz99SfXqxgKgqMwJGBve7doQ_YUK1tZGfqdqwaxNFVJ2Utldr1sPG2W12ldLmivoXAd6_wBBJhovrOIY3U2x2iUunkiP.8iAHy7devQGofo3X.RENbEKhcCLnB4Jei5njbRKsDCk1BIxJYiIYuibbr7rDNDsQ70rWeGBp9d37AxchZJyvPzU",mdrd: "jT2qZSXKIVsWdxwrgkW0U3ewwaWOGhge23eQGssm66U-1742179503-1.2.1.1-cbeZtMZ7JuSV7UnBf0aDVCU0mLRYkKIguTUG8x68oG1jnFX78D1o5BB1m.R6E0I7tJ3Apu1Y.H8WOAWsVSQIdkIIoCoyA5uJYaIO1.6T2Ele3d5ceo6lu_LmYoQmptZ8Kt_jLkXyRXiW6OR3xofTPzfEx5rCRWpkntE3A.WOGd526weSrG1ftlF_HEUOjimGdTf5BXfkVnDOkDPFCvNzeaPyr.UVWSO1IFL8iIbSfl8b5q0L6ssHb2PDXmg8TZLIF9sNC6vDChh62j9vuXrIFkM5k7XUHXTcHpv8gCtwKh5OtjEuDvbnPxhwPEnXduWEunux4AEZfqoqP24k038Rr9cGjF2vKNAj8wwy9r5OgkpIVUTQqQI03VXl2k5fUJMUL8yX60isw2uZOs_b_g6AP2LdqdvGp02uvAKZ0KCJTnlMj3qBFQMBSYWFwbf0CWmmLcIYhMhpl3oQt9g_J6dm.UnkDoiKQqmXYGRecMyc4LCo.x54.jaLBKtUqfGSHDRa9pNhIPS_3bZ75lqNUJD3gbTSLtxw_cfYb1pUfUcEfpRmUNAQMmSIuA_iVO0vZtxh_bWXjKi5BeT._Tsnc6Qj2UpoIkVh7UpQR2DhXAh4Zv20l1OBCSZIbu5iHsj3XmtE9LMvKhaG06xYZyn__ois8bdAy8z.31Ke9uB6QqbGIXQ0Cip54e0PL81uSQM6d.ZdkEnTIuvpikPa3B5yELHitHfuqzdsTD415wetRQrftrm0Pnq5bL9qGNaeUmCtCsjy7oiFqMnysDZeaO_dtXuWyQzUEmYQI80gvhF5PCL5wVudrvkzyBBF0EswuS13iuzvynsX_AmJJkqj5GwiDRZhVV5f7DwBRkq2JeRPHxca9zwRWf8L4180_Az3m.oJV5kDE__OZUOlbaLs2oEmjI3Cm2V6kHiLCWT0bdyMzsZJeHg7yuykJUywkaAK_2XZd0L7eVTri25sjO3NRoSucQbebZ5EYecRA7t1AvdN0pgoTGZyeFUYhujmtzgHgKcap_edMCWeo7YTMwJrTdj68xfc9fbAa0WzND2WmsMuoHQsH0nMO71Xg3hhT8aod7NuSTwCecm.N3fQCM8lhr3MYVNTLknKf0zmbLfemAj3SviHYLx5d5mt0ZbmKuMHcCgVuAbursM56xFGP2bv9clM1flJAm60LdzB7RX3tJB_kchgAbhuHGl9u7IiQ25ti9ASzA822xZipw9xOaZHupfSPvblKzI1xvgG4q5OknyQG9vgHfoSg5erc7c7qB_PKX8B9WJcFT3UOrGVP3EKxbPLrwgsT_5K1U41XX.T2QofA6mXwAtxy_EnM0sGQL2kjHSaCUHXL9JxS760X8b2qaxAM.uV0JhQItWKNTBlR6b7YNZbKh6ijFOqsK70zauFRhm85WA0eo8ng_mfTt04_hNDKpmQbO_c.i7s1pgU2Kh6Y4OprZPAAmANWf2qywvjH4d7DIe4fgKsotW2PuJG1cFncNNnSDs.OvHjndI9bx46wKnwgH51ct1im1J5eSmPtmr4pxXWuHwsyQQg7zvKdhepTpU17kEhcpkHAtVjJUxe5z10.3NrTlxN_udRaS_60CzEsLtwc81zSSj1FpH6w.V3gwVCeyVhyF3AS4yaWzUBe2i2ma3kNlx_D2s7HtSO.MsHVMOOiHiWolHFaYHpm.12nfkRkkY0Ts6zDV7A8.u05GAkOdeTrF6fusC4jiNVcqt6xDdq7d.phdN5lEkhD3CgHJB4EbjACY_xXrDg7vrCOBkkdp6vQ34qJG41YHFNkluhhfimwJ2bmEMn.2rrVQ3HTHSQnnEFq2.MAbiB87eQCWLK7Ap.z1AGRMvc7SUgpCX5L7STkZMpL2q2KGnsllgsx5xYBQ92elYcD2Jfkcp1MB.zAoegDsxLDFf.5wtJSmnnDRxGM836UslC5SDSuaO6Huxz2TURNCNBu9A0.Ey7.44jizAxgkeTOogyednTk7cOClI_71WQr.QoFGM9dGtBDzUBtjCY8XNphjCIzdShMBKTyxQGmqmxcFEep8AXRbbPL5beKA.shiZMpBuVFztuK_qkUMof5bNvzU7QqGTQRHeAYvs"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=921926eb5a43835d';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/?__cf_chl_rt_tk=oKtYvHvbqlXb5VQpTEI1lot5IZs5Y9ThjCPE8D1UKr8-1742179503-1.0.1.1-FAo8qV1K8ri39JgyQxS_tiNwPq_y2S1oF_1zrpNYw6Y" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>