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<span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Climate-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Climate subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Western_Fraser_Valley" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Western_Fraser_Valley"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Western Fraser Valley</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Western_Fraser_Valley-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Central_Fraser_Valley" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Central_Fraser_Valley"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Central Fraser Valley</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Central_Fraser_Valley-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eastern_Fraser_Valley" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eastern_Fraser_Valley"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Eastern Fraser Valley</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eastern_Fraser_Valley-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" 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id="toc-Air_quality" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air_quality"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Air quality</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air_quality-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_usage_of_the_name" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_usage_of_the_name"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Modern usage of the name</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_usage_of_the_name-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sociology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sociology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Sociology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sociology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Fraser_Valley&params=49_06_30_N_122_17_30_W_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">49°06′30″N</span> <span class="longitude">122°17′30″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">49.10833°N 122.29167°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">49.10833; -122.29167</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Geographical region in British Columbia</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Fraser_Valley_Regional_District" title="Fraser Valley Regional District">Fraser Valley Regional District</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output 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.ib-landform-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-landform vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Fraser Valley</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Valley" title="Valley">Valley</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lower_Mainland_of_British_Columbia,_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Landsat image of Fraser Valley. Sediment deposited by the Fraser River is clearly visible to the west."><img alt="Landsat image of Fraser Valley. Sediment deposited by the Fraser River is clearly visible to the west." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Lower_Mainland_of_British_Columbia%2C_2012.jpg/250px-Lower_Mainland_of_British_Columbia%2C_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Lower_Mainland_of_British_Columbia%2C_2012.jpg/375px-Lower_Mainland_of_British_Columbia%2C_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Lower_Mainland_of_British_Columbia%2C_2012.jpg/500px-Lower_Mainland_of_British_Columbia%2C_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4200" data-file-height="2200" /></a></span><div class="ib-landform-caption"><a href="/wiki/Landsat" class="mw-redirect" title="Landsat">Landsat</a> image of Fraser Valley. <a href="/wiki/Sediment" title="Sediment">Sediment</a> deposited by the <a href="/wiki/Fraser_River" title="Fraser River">Fraser River</a> is clearly visible to the west.</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Canada_British_Columbia_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fraser Valley is located in British Columbia"><img alt="Fraser Valley is located in British Columbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Canada_British_Columbia_relief_location_map.jpg/250px-Canada_British_Columbia_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Canada_British_Columbia_relief_location_map.jpg/375px-Canada_British_Columbia_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Canada_British_Columbia_relief_location_map.jpg/500px-Canada_British_Columbia_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2127" data-file-height="1723" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:91.735%;left:66.439%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fraser Valley"><img alt="Fraser Valley" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Fraser Valley</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Fraser_Valley&params=49_06_30_N_122_17_30_W_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">49°06′30″N</span> <span class="longitude">122°17′30″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">49.10833°N 122.29167°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">49.10833; -122.29167</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/British_Columbia" title="British Columbia">British Columbia</a>, Canada</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fraser_Lowland" title="Fraser Lowland">Fraser Lowland</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fraser_River" title="Fraser River">Fraser River</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Fraser Valley</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Geographical_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Geographical region">geographical region</a> in southwestern <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia" title="British Columbia">British Columbia</a>, Canada and northwestern <a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington State</a>. It starts just west of <a href="/wiki/Hope,_British_Columbia" title="Hope, British Columbia">Hope</a> in a narrow valley encompassing the <a href="/wiki/Fraser_River" title="Fraser River">Fraser River</a> and ends at the Pacific Ocean stretching from the <a href="/wiki/North_Shore_Mountains" title="North Shore Mountains">North Shore Mountains</a>, opposite the city of <a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a> BC, to just south of <a href="/wiki/Bellingham,_Washington" title="Bellingham, Washington">Bellingham, Washington</a>. </p><p>In casual usage it typically describes the Fraser River <a href="/wiki/Drainage_basin" title="Drainage basin">basin</a> downstream of the <a href="/wiki/Fraser_Canyon" title="Fraser Canyon">Fraser Canyon</a>. The term is sometimes used outside British Columbia to refer to the entire Fraser River sections including the Fraser Canyon and up from there to its <a href="/wiki/Headwater" class="mw-redirect" title="Headwater">headwaters</a>, but in general British Columbian usage the term refers to the stretch of <a href="/wiki/Lower_Mainland" title="Lower Mainland">Lower Mainland</a> west of the <a href="/wiki/Coquihalla_River" title="Coquihalla River">Coquihalla River</a> <a href="/wiki/River_mouth" title="River mouth">mouth</a> at the inland town of <a href="/wiki/Hope,_British_Columbia" title="Hope, British Columbia">Hope</a>, and includes all of the Canadian portion of the <a href="/wiki/Fraser_Lowland" title="Fraser Lowland">Fraser Lowland</a> as well as the <a href="/wiki/Valley" title="Valley">valleys</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hill" title="Hill">upland</a> areas flanking it. It is divided into the <b>Upper Fraser Valley</b> and <b>Lower Fraser Valley</b> by the <a href="/wiki/Vedder_River" title="Vedder River">Vedder River</a> mouth at the eastern <a href="/wiki/Foothills" title="Foothills">foothills</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sumas_Mountain_(British_Columbia)" title="Sumas Mountain (British Columbia)">Sumas Mountain</a>, although the Lower Valley section upstream of <a href="/wiki/McMillan_Island" title="McMillan Island">McMillan Island</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Salmon_River_(Langley)" title="Salmon River (Langley)">Salmon River</a> <a href="/wiki/River_mouth" title="River mouth">mouth</a> (at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Langley" title="Fort Langley">Fort Langley</a>) used to be called the <b>Central Fraser Valley</b> up until 1995 (see <a href="/wiki/Central_Fraser_Valley_Regional_District" title="Central Fraser Valley Regional District">Central Fraser Valley Regional District</a>). </p><p>Administratively, the Fraser Valley comprises parts of the <a href="/wiki/Regional_district" title="Regional district">regional districts</a> of <a href="/wiki/Metro_Vancouver" class="mw-redirect" title="Metro Vancouver">Metro Vancouver</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Fraser_Valley_Regional_District" title="Fraser Valley Regional District">Fraser Valley Regional District</a>. The main <a href="/wiki/Population_centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Population centre">population centres</a> in the Fraser Valley are <a href="/wiki/Greater_Vancouver" title="Greater Vancouver">Greater Vancouver</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abbotsford,_British_Columbia" title="Abbotsford, British Columbia">Abbotsford</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chilliwack" title="Chilliwack">Chilliwack</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fraser_Valley&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Evolution_of_the_Lower_Fraser_Valley_From_Langley_to_Harrison.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Animated map of different events of the Fraser Valley" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Evolution_of_the_Lower_Fraser_Valley_From_Langley_to_Harrison.gif/300px-Evolution_of_the_Lower_Fraser_Valley_From_Langley_to_Harrison.gif" decoding="async" width="300" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Evolution_of_the_Lower_Fraser_Valley_From_Langley_to_Harrison.gif/450px-Evolution_of_the_Lower_Fraser_Valley_From_Langley_to_Harrison.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Evolution_of_the_Lower_Fraser_Valley_From_Langley_to_Harrison.gif/600px-Evolution_of_the_Lower_Fraser_Valley_From_Langley_to_Harrison.gif 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="360" /></a><figcaption>Evolution of the Lower Fraser Valley from Langley to Harrison</figcaption></figure> <p>This section of the Fraser River is known by local indigenous peoples as "Sto:lo" in the <a href="/wiki/Halqemeylem" class="mw-redirect" title="Halqemeylem">Halqemeylem</a> language of the area, and this term has been adopted to refer to all of the indigenous peoples of the <a href="/wiki/Fraser_Lowland" title="Fraser Lowland">Fraser Lowland</a>, other than the <a href="/wiki/Squamish_people" title="Squamish people">Squamish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Musqueam" class="mw-redirect" title="Musqueam">Musqueam</a>. The indigenous peoples of the area have long made use of the river valley for agricultural and commercial exploits and continue to do so today.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (May 2023)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The Indigenous people were not consulted in the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Oregon" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Oregon">Treaty of Oregon</a>, which saw the United States and Great Britain define and recognize each other's claims to the area. This overstepping of jurisdiction inevitably led to conflict as Great Britain was incapable of exercising the control they claimed over the river valley. As a wave of immigrants flooded into the Fraser River Valley because of the <a href="/wiki/Fraser_Canyon_Gold_Rush" title="Fraser Canyon Gold Rush">Fraser Canyon Gold Rush</a>, the British were unable to maintain order without the cooperation of the local indigenous peoples, and the <a href="/wiki/Fraser_Canyon_War" title="Fraser Canyon War">Fraser Canyon War</a> broke out. The war was resolved with a series of treaties, none of which remain to this day, but which evidently included the regulation of immigration and the continuation of mining on the river by the indigenous inhabitants and the new immigrants. This war was part of a series of local conflicts surrounding the arrival of settlers ahead of American and British capacity to maintain order and refusal to cooperate with or recognize indigenous land claims and demands. These conflicts were pivotal in many aspects to the settlement of the West Coast in both Canada and the United States. </p><p>The interaction of indigenous peoples and settlers led to the growth of <a href="/wiki/Chinook_Wawa" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinook Wawa">Chinook Wawa</a>, a pidgin language that was used throughout the Fraser River Valley until the early 1900s. Industrialization of the river began with the use of the traditional trade waterway by steamboats and eventually, roads and railways were built, fueled by and in turn fuelling further population growth. Today,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (May 2023)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> the most important transportation through the region are the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Pacific_Railway" title="Canadian Pacific Railway">Canadian Pacific Railway</a> and <a href="/wiki/Canadian_National_Railway" title="Canadian National Railway">Canadian National Railway</a> transcontinental main lines, the <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia_Highway_7" title="British Columbia Highway 7">Lougheed Highway</a> (Hwy 7), and the <a href="/wiki/Trans-Canada_Highway" title="Trans-Canada Highway">Trans-Canada Highway</a> (<a href="/wiki/British_Columbia_Highway_1" title="British Columbia Highway 1">Hwy 1</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fraser_Valley&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FraserRiverBritishColumbia_Location.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/FraserRiverBritishColumbia_Location.png/300px-FraserRiverBritishColumbia_Location.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/FraserRiverBritishColumbia_Location.png/450px-FraserRiverBritishColumbia_Location.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/FraserRiverBritishColumbia_Location.png 2x" data-file-width="458" data-file-height="339" /></a><figcaption>Map showing the Fraser River and its major tributaries</figcaption></figure> <p>After descending through the rapids of the <a href="/wiki/Fraser_Canyon" title="Fraser Canyon">Fraser Canyon</a>, the Fraser River emerges almost at sea level at <a href="/wiki/Yale,_British_Columbia" title="Yale, British Columbia">Yale</a>, over 100 km inland. Although the canyon in geographic terms is defined as ending at Yale, Hope is generally to be considered the southern end of the canyon, partly because of the change in the character of the highway from that point, and perhaps also because it is at Hope that the first <a href="/wiki/Floodplain" title="Floodplain">floodplains</a> typifying the course of the Lower Fraser are found. Downstream from Hope, the river and adjoining floodplains widen considerably in the area of <a href="/wiki/Rosedale,_British_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosedale, British Columbia">Rosedale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chilliwack" title="Chilliwack">Chilliwack</a> and <a href="/wiki/Agassiz,_British_Columbia" title="Agassiz, British Columbia">Agassiz</a>, which is considered the head of the <a href="/wiki/Fraser_Delta" class="mw-redirect" title="Fraser Delta">Fraser Delta</a>. From there the river passes through some of the most fertile agricultural land in British Columbia—as well as the heart of the <a href="/wiki/Metro_Vancouver" class="mw-redirect" title="Metro Vancouver">Metro Vancouver</a> region—on its way through the valley to its mouth at <a href="/wiki/Georgia_Strait" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgia Strait">Georgia Strait</a>. </p><p>During the last <a href="/wiki/Ice_age" title="Ice age">ice age</a>, the area that would become the Fraser Valley was covered by a sheet of ice, walled in by the surrounding mountains. As the ice receded, land that had been covered by glaciers became covered by water instead, then slowly rose above the water, forming the basin that exists today. The valley is the largest <a href="/wiki/Landform" title="Landform">landform</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Lower_Mainland" title="Lower Mainland">Lower Mainland</a> ecoregion, with its delta considered to begin in the area of Agassiz and Chilliwack, although stretches of floodplain flank the mountainsides between there and Hope. </p><p>Several of the Fraser's lower tributaries have floodplains of their own, shared in common with the Fraser freshet. Of varying size these include the <a href="/wiki/Harrison_River" title="Harrison River">Harrison River</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chilliwack_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilliwack River">Chilliwack River</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vedder_River" title="Vedder River">Vedder River</a>), Hatzic Creek and Hatzic Lake, the <a href="/wiki/Stave_River" title="Stave River">Stave</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alouette_River" title="Alouette River">Alouette</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pitt_River" title="Pitt River">Pitt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Coquitlam_River" title="Coquitlam River">Coquitlam Rivers</a>. Also incorporated in the Fraser delta region are the Nicomekl and Serpentine River floodplains and the Sumas River drainage, which flow to saltwater independently of the Fraser but help drain its lowland. The Fraser is tidal as far upstream as the town of <a href="/wiki/Mission,_British_Columbia" title="Mission, British Columbia">Mission</a> and, across the river, the City of <a href="/wiki/Abbotsford,_British_Columbia" title="Abbotsford, British Columbia">Abbotsford</a>, which is at the Fraser's closest approach to the international boundary, about 6 miles north of <a href="/wiki/Sumas,_Washington" title="Sumas, Washington">Sumas, Washington</a>. <a href="/wiki/Pitt_Lake" title="Pitt Lake">Pitt Lake</a>, one of the Fraser's last tributaries and among its largest, is so low in elevation, despite its mountain setting, that it is one of the largest tidal freshwater lakes in the world . </p><p>Oxbow lakes and side-sloughs are a common feature of the Lower Fraser's geography. The two main oxbows are those of Hatzic Lake and the Stave River on opposite sides of Mission, although that of the Stave has been silted in and part of it drained for a man-made lake. Around <a href="/wiki/Fort_Langley" title="Fort Langley">Fort Langley</a> is an oxbow formation, mostly swamped in at the time of the fort's foundation, which was drained and made part of the fort's farm and remains farmland today. The system of sloughs and side-channels of the river is complicated, but important sloughs include those around <a href="/wiki/Nicomen_Island" title="Nicomen Island">Nicomen Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sea_Bird_Island_(British_Columbia)" title="Sea Bird Island (British Columbia)">Sea Bird Island</a> and flanking the river from <a href="/wiki/Rosedale,_British_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosedale, British Columbia">Rosedale</a> to <a href="/wiki/Sumas_Mountain_(British_Columbia)" title="Sumas Mountain (British Columbia)">Sumas Mountain</a>, on the western side of <a href="/wiki/Chilliwack" title="Chilliwack">Chilliwack</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FraserRiverPanorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/FraserRiverPanorama.jpg/800px-FraserRiverPanorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="800" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/FraserRiverPanorama.jpg/1200px-FraserRiverPanorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/FraserRiverPanorama.jpg/1600px-FraserRiverPanorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8003" data-file-height="1622" /></a><figcaption>Panoramic view of Fraser River and valley as seen from the grounds of <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey_(British_Columbia)" title="Westminster Abbey (British Columbia)">Westminster Abbey</a>, above <a href="/wiki/Hatzic,_British_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Hatzic, British Columbia">Hatzic</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mission,_British_Columbia" title="Mission, British Columbia">Mission, British Columbia</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate">Climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fraser_Valley&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fraser_Valley_Panorama_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Fraser_Valley_Panorama_2.jpg/800px-Fraser_Valley_Panorama_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="800" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Fraser_Valley_Panorama_2.jpg/1200px-Fraser_Valley_Panorama_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Fraser_Valley_Panorama_2.jpg/1600px-Fraser_Valley_Panorama_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="14872" data-file-height="3249" /></a><figcaption>Panoramic view of the Fraser Valley as seen from eastern Abbotsford looking northwest, showing the <a href="/wiki/District_of_Mission" class="mw-redirect" title="District of Mission">District of Mission</a>, which lies across the river from this viewpoint</figcaption></figure> <p>In winter, the Fraser Valley occasionally plays a significant role in the weather regime along the west coast of North America as far south as <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, acting as a natural outlet for the intensely cold Arctic <a href="/wiki/Air_mass" title="Air mass">air mass</a> which typically sits over <a href="/wiki/Western_Canada" title="Western Canada">Western Canada</a> during winter. Under certain meteorological conditions strong winds pour out of the Fraser Valley and over the relatively warmer waters of the <a href="/wiki/Strait_of_Georgia" title="Strait of Georgia">Strait of Georgia</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Strait_of_Juan_de_Fuca" title="Strait of Juan de Fuca">Strait of Juan de Fuca</a>. This can cause <a href="/wiki/Ocean-effect" class="mw-redirect" title="Ocean-effect">ocean-effect</a> snow, especially between <a href="/wiki/Port_Angeles,_Washington" title="Port Angeles, Washington">Port Angeles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sequim,_Washington" title="Sequim, Washington">Sequim</a>, where the air mass collides with the <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Mountains" title="Olympic Mountains">Olympic Mountains</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-mass_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mass-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cold air from the Fraser Valley can also flow out over the Pacific Ocean. Lanes of convective <a href="/wiki/Ocean-effect" class="mw-redirect" title="Ocean-effect">ocean-effect</a> clouds and showers are produced as heat and moisture modify the very dry, frigid air mass. These then typically organize as a low pressure system which returns the showers to the coast south of Canada, often bringing snow to unusually low elevations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Western_Fraser_Valley">Western Fraser Valley</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fraser_Valley&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Western Fraser Valley"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Western Fraser Valley (<a href="/wiki/Maple_Ridge,_BC" class="mw-redirect" title="Maple Ridge, BC">Maple Ridge</a> Kanaka Creek) (1981–2010) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.5<br />(58.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.5<br />(77.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.5<br />(85.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.0<br />(87.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.0<br />(93.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF2200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.5<br />(97.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF3000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.5<br />(94.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF2900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.5<br />(95.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.5<br />(81.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.0<br />(60.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFC082; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.5<br />(56.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF2200; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">36.5<br />(97.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0<br />(41.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.8<br />(46.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.9<br />(51.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFB76F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.9<br />(58.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFA246; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.9<br />(64.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9022; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.5<br />(68.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.8<br />(74.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.1<br />(75.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8C1A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.1<br />(70.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.1<br />(57.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.1<br />(46.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFFEFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.6<br />(40.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA76; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">14.4<br />(57.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.5<br />(36.5) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.0<br />(39.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.5<br />(43.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.6<br />(49.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFC790; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.5<br />(54.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.2<br />(59.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFA449; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.7<br />(63.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFA347; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.8<br />(64.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFB66E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.0<br />(59.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0<br />(50.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFF8F2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.4<br />(41.7) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.4<br />(36.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B4; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">9.9<br />(49.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(32.0) </td> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1<br />(32.2) </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.9<br />(35.4) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.3<br />(39.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.1<br />(44.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9<br />(49.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFCD9B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.7<br />(53.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6<br />(52.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFE0C2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.9<br />(48.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFF5EB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.9<br />(42.6) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.8<br />(37.0) </td> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2<br />(32.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF8F2; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">5.4<br />(41.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #8A8AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−17<br />(1) </td> <td style="background: #9D9DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−13.5<br />(7.7) </td> <td style="background: #B6B6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−9<br />(16) </td> <td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.5<br />(27.5) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1<br />(30) </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.5<br />(36.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0<br />(41.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0<br />(41.0) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.0<br />(33.8) </td> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6<br />(21) </td> <td style="background: #A0A0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−13<br />(9) </td> <td style="background: #8888FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−17.5<br />(0.5) </td> <td style="background: #8888FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−17.5<br />(0.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #006200; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">275.8<br />(10.86) </td> <td style="background: #10FF10; color:#000000;" class="notheme">146.1<br />(5.75) </td> <td style="background: #00FA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">174.3<br />(6.86) </td> <td style="background: #21FF21; color:#000000;" class="notheme">144.1<br />(5.67) </td> <td style="background: #39FF39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">132.5<br />(5.22) </td> <td style="background: #74FF74; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90.0<br />(3.54) </td> <td style="background: #A6FFA6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59.4<br />(2.34) </td> <td style="background: #A0FFA0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.3<br />(2.49) </td> <td style="background: #7FFF7F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82.5<br />(3.25) </td> <td style="background: #00E400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">189.0<br />(7.44) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">308.2<br />(12.13) </td> <td style="background: #009D00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">236.7<br />(9.32) </td> <td style="background: #0EFF0E; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,901.9<br />(74.88) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #008500; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">252.4<br />(9.94) </td> <td style="background: #1DFF1D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">138.2<br />(5.44) </td> <td style="background: #04FF04; color:#000000;" class="notheme">167.9<br />(6.61) </td> <td style="background: #21FF21; color:#000000;" class="notheme">144.0<br />(5.67) </td> <td style="background: #39FF39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">132.4<br />(5.21) </td> <td style="background: #74FF74; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90.0<br />(3.54) </td> <td style="background: #A6FFA6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59.4<br />(2.34) </td> <td style="background: #A0FFA0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.3<br />(2.49) </td> <td style="background: #7FFF7F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82.5<br />(3.25) </td> <td style="background: #00E400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">188.9<br />(7.44) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">301.8<br />(11.88) </td> <td style="background: #00B800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">218.6<br />(8.61) </td> <td style="background: #16FF16; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,839.4<br />(72.42) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall cm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #5959FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">11.1<br />(4.4) </td> <td style="background: #00007F; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">23.4<br />(9.2) </td> <td style="background: #9F9FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.4<br />(2.5) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.4<br />(2.5) </td> <td style="background: #0000F0; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.1<br />(7.1) </td> <td style="background: #AFAFFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">62.5<br />(24.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #0000FA; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">21.0 </td> <td style="background: #2E2EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.4 </td> <td style="background: #0808FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">20.0 </td> <td style="background: #1D1DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.7 </td> <td style="background: #3939FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.0 </td> <td style="background: #5454FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.4 </td> <td style="background: #8F8FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0 </td> <td style="background: #9B9BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.1 </td> <td style="background: #8A8AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.1 </td> <td style="background: #2F2FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.8 </td> <td style="background: #0000EE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">21.3 </td> <td style="background: #0202FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">20.5 </td> <td style="background: #3A3AFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">188.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #0909FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">19.9 </td> <td style="background: #3939FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.6 </td> <td style="background: #0F0FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">19.4 </td> <td style="background: #1D1DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.7 </td> <td style="background: #3939FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.0 </td> <td style="background: #5454FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.4 </td> <td style="background: #8F8FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0 </td> <td style="background: #9B9BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.1 </td> <td style="background: #8A8AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.1 </td> <td style="background: #2F2FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.8 </td> <td style="background: #0000F3; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">20.9 </td> <td style="background: #1313FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">19.1 </td> <td style="background: #3E3EFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">184 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 cm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #CCCCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.1 </td> <td style="background: #E3E3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0 </td> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.6 </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.05 </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.05 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.05 </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.3 </td> <td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.6 </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">12.75 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Environment_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Environment Canada">Environment Canada</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Western Fraser Valley (<a href="/wiki/Langley,_British_Columbia_(city)" title="Langley, British Columbia (city)">Langley</a>) (1971–2000) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFB66E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15<br />(59) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5<br />(65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20<br />(68) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.4<br />(75.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34<br />(93) </td> <td style="background: #FF0A00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.0<br />(104.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF2800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.6<br />(96.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.1<br />(97.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.3<br />(91.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.5<br />(81.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19<br />(66) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.1<br />(61.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF0A00; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">40.0<br />(104.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5<br />(41) </td> <td style="background: #FFE9D4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.6<br />(45.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFD5AC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.5<br />(50.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.3<br />(55.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA55; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.8<br />(62.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3<br />(66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8205; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.6<br />(72.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8002; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.8<br />(73.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF962E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.6<br />(67.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.1<br />(57.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.1<br />(46.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFF9F3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.3<br />(41.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7E; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">13.8<br />(56.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.2<br />(36.0) </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.4<br />(39.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFF2E6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.3<br />(43.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFE2C6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.6<br />(47.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC9A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.8<br />(53.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC79; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.2<br />(57.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.7<br />(62.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFA852; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.0<br />(62.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC79; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.2<br />(57.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFDAB5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8<br />(49.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFFAF6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.1<br />(41.2) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.7<br />(36.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBB; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">9.4<br />(49.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E3E3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.6<br />(30.9) </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.2<br />(34.2) </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.2<br />(36.0) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.8<br />(38.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFEFE0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.7<br />(44.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFDEBE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.2<br />(48.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD3A8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.8<br />(51.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD1A4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.1<br />(52.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFE1C3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8<br />(47.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF7EF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.6<br />(42.1) </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.1<br />(35.8) </td> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1<br />(32.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFFAF6; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">5.1<br />(41.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #9B9BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−14<br />(7) </td> <td style="background: #A5A5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−12<br />(10) </td> <td style="background: #B9B9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−8.3<br />(17.1) </td> <td style="background: #D7D7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.8<br />(27.0) </td> <td style="background: #E3E3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.6<br />(30.9) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.7<br />(35.1) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9<br />(39.0) </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.3<br />(37.9) </td> <td style="background: #DDDDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.7<br />(28.9) </td> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7<br />(19) </td> <td style="background: #9090FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−16<br />(3) </td> <td style="background: #7E7EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−19.4<br />(−2.9) </td> <td style="background: #7E7EFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−19.4<br />(−2.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #00F700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">176<br />(6.9) </td> <td style="background: #00E400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">172.1<br />(6.78) </td> <td style="background: #35FF35; color:#000000;" class="notheme">135.2<br />(5.32) </td> <td style="background: #60FF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">102.7<br />(4.04) </td> <td style="background: #83FF83; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82.8<br />(3.26) </td> <td style="background: #8EFF8E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72.9<br />(2.87) </td> <td style="background: #B0FFB0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52.7<br />(2.07) </td> <td style="background: #AAFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56.4<br />(2.22) </td> <td style="background: #89FF89; color:#000000;" class="notheme">76.4<br />(3.01) </td> <td style="background: #2CFF2C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">141<br />(5.6) </td> <td style="background: #00BE00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">207.5<br />(8.17) </td> <td style="background: #00C300; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">211.3<br />(8.32) </td> <td style="background: #42FF42; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,486.9<br />(58.54) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #1BFF1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">153.0<br />(6.02) </td> <td style="background: #00FE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">156.4<br />(6.16) </td> <td style="background: #3BFF3B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">131.4<br />(5.17) </td> <td style="background: #61FF61; color:#000000;" class="notheme">102.1<br />(4.02) </td> <td style="background: #83FF83; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82.8<br />(3.26) </td> <td style="background: #8EFF8E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72.9<br />(2.87) </td> <td style="background: #B0FFB0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52.7<br />(2.07) </td> <td style="background: #AAFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56.4<br />(2.22) </td> <td style="background: #89FF89; color:#000000;" class="notheme">76.4<br />(3.01) </td> <td style="background: #2DFF2D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">140.7<br />(5.54) </td> <td style="background: #00C800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">200.8<br />(7.91) </td> <td style="background: #00DD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">193.4<br />(7.61) </td> <td style="background: #4BFF4B; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,419<br />(55.86) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall cm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #0000A7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">23.0<br />(9.1) </td> <td style="background: #0000FB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.8<br />(6.2) </td> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.8<br />(1.5) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6<br />(0.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3<br />(0.1) </td> <td style="background: #9797FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.7<br />(2.6) </td> <td style="background: #0000F3; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.9<br />(7.0) </td> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">68.1<br />(26.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #2727FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.5 </td> <td style="background: #0F0FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.7 </td> <td style="background: #2A2AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.2 </td> <td style="background: #3B3BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.3 </td> <td style="background: #5151FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.1 </td> <td style="background: #6262FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.3 </td> <td style="background: #A1A1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.6 </td> <td style="background: #9898FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3 </td> <td style="background: #7272FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.0 </td> <td style="background: #3F3FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.5 </td> <td style="background: #0606FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">19.5 </td> <td style="background: #1D1DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.3 </td> <td style="background: #4848FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">174.3 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days </th> <td style="background: #3F3FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.5 </td> <td style="background: #2222FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.3 </td> <td style="background: #2E2EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.9 </td> <td style="background: #3B3BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.3 </td> <td style="background: #5151FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.1 </td> <td style="background: #6262FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.3 </td> <td style="background: #A1A1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.6 </td> <td style="background: #9898FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3 </td> <td style="background: #7272FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.0 </td> <td style="background: #3F3FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.5 </td> <td style="background: #0F0FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.8 </td> <td style="background: #3333FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.5 </td> <td style="background: #4E4EFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">168.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 cm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.3 </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.2 </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1 </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1 </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.2 </td> <td style="background: #D8D8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.1 </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">11.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Environment_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Environment Canada">Environment Canada</a><sup id="cite_ref-climate2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-climate2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Western Fraser Valley <a href="/wiki/Abbotsford_International_Airport" title="Abbotsford International Airport">Abbotsford International Airport</a> (1981–2010) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high <a href="/wiki/Humidex" title="Humidex">humidex</a> </th> <td style="background: #FF9C39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.8 </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0 </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.8 </td> <td style="background: #FF4600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.2 </td> <td style="background: #FF0D00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.5 </td> <td style="background: #8C0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">49.8 </td> <td style="background: #BE0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">46.2 </td> <td style="background: #E40000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">43.4 </td> <td style="background: #FF0900; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.1 </td> <td style="background: #FF4600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.2 </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.0 </td> <td style="background: #FF9B38; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.9 </td> <td style="background: #8C0000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">49.8 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFA143; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.1<br />(64.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9021; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.6<br />(69.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.9<br />(76.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF5000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.8<br />(85.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.0<br />(96.8) </td> <td style="background: #EB0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.9<br />(109.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.0<br />(100.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF2300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.3<br />(97.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF1B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.5<br />(99.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF5400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.3<br />(84.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8308; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.4<br />(72.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA042; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.2<br />(64.8) </td> <td style="background: #EB0000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">42.9<br />(109.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFEFE0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.7<br />(44.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0<br />(48.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6<br />(52.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFB872; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.7<br />(58.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFA143; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.1<br />(64.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8E1E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.8<br />(69.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.0<br />(75.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.4<br />(75.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B17; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.3<br />(70.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFB66E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.0<br />(59.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.3<br />(48.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFF5EB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.9<br />(42.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56C; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">15.1<br />(59.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.6<br />(38.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0<br />(41.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFECD9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.2<br />(45.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFDAB5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8<br />(49.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFC489; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.0<br />(55.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFB164; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.7<br />(60.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA143; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.1<br />(64.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFA042; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.2<br />(64.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFB46A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.3<br />(59.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFD5AC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.5<br />(50.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0<br />(42.8) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.9<br />(37.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFD6AD; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">10.4<br />(50.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.4<br />(32.7) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1<br />(34.0) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.7<br />(36.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFFCFA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.8<br />(40.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.8<br />(46.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD5AC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.5<br />(50.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFC994; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.2<br />(54.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.0<br />(53.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.3<br />(48.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFF5EB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.9<br />(42.6) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.7<br />(36.9) </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.1<br />(31.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF6ED; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">5.8<br />(42.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #7474FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−21.1<br />(−6.0) </td> <td style="background: #8080FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−18.9<br />(−2.0) </td> <td style="background: #A1A1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−12.8<br />(9.0) </td> <td style="background: #CECEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.4<br />(24.1) </td> <td style="background: #DADAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.2<br />(28.0) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1<br />(34.0) </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.2<br />(36.0) </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.3<br />(37.9) </td> <td style="background: #DDDDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.7<br />(28.9) </td> <td style="background: #BEBEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7.5<br />(18.5) </td> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−16.7<br />(1.9) </td> <td style="background: #7A7AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−20.0<br />(−4.0) </td> <td style="background: #7474FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−21.1<br />(−6.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low <a href="/wiki/Wind_chill" title="Wind chill">wind chill</a> </th> <td style="background: #5757FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−26.6 </td> <td style="background: #4646FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−29.6 </td> <td style="background: #7C7CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−19.7 </td> <td style="background: #BFBFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7.3 </td> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4 </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #C9C9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.4 </td> <td style="background: #9B9BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−13.9 </td> <td style="background: #5151FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−27.6 </td> <td style="background: #3333FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−33.3 </td> <td style="background: #3333FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−33.3 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #00C200; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">211.7<br />(8.33) </td> <td style="background: #26FF26; color:#000000;" class="notheme">132.3<br />(5.21) </td> <td style="background: #20FF20; color:#000000;" class="notheme">149.3<br />(5.88) </td> <td style="background: #49FF49; color:#000000;" class="notheme">117.8<br />(4.64) </td> <td style="background: #6AFF6A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">99.8<br />(3.93) </td> <td style="background: #8BFF8B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74.8<br />(2.94) </td> <td style="background: #BEFFBE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.2<br />(1.70) </td> <td style="background: #BAFFBA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45.9<br />(1.81) </td> <td style="background: #8AFF8A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">75.5<br />(2.97) </td> <td style="background: #1BFF1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">152.7<br />(6.01) </td> <td style="background: #007F00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">248.2<br />(9.77) </td> <td style="background: #00E700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">186.6<br />(7.35) </td> <td style="background: #3CFF3C; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,537.8<br />(60.54) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #00DD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">193.6<br />(7.62) </td> <td style="background: #35FF35; color:#000000;" class="notheme">123.4<br />(4.86) </td> <td style="background: #27FF27; color:#000000;" class="notheme">144.9<br />(5.70) </td> <td style="background: #4AFF4A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">117.1<br />(4.61) </td> <td style="background: #6AFF6A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">99.8<br />(3.93) </td> <td style="background: #8BFF8B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74.8<br />(2.94) </td> <td style="background: #BEFFBE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.2<br />(1.70) </td> <td style="background: #BAFFBA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45.9<br />(1.81) </td> <td style="background: #8AFF8A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">75.5<br />(2.97) </td> <td style="background: #1BFF1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">152.7<br />(6.01) </td> <td style="background: #008A00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">241.5<br />(9.51) </td> <td style="background: #00FF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">170.9<br />(6.73) </td> <td style="background: #43FF43; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,483.3<br />(58.40) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall cm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #0000EA; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.5<br />(7.3) </td> <td style="background: #7272FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">8.6<br />(3.4) </td> <td style="background: #BDBDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.4<br />(1.7) </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5<br />(0.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #9797FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.7<br />(2.6) </td> <td style="background: #0909FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.5<br />(6.5) </td> <td style="background: #B9B9FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">55.2<br />(21.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #0606FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">20.1 </td> <td style="background: #2323FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.2 </td> <td style="background: #1313FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">19.1 </td> <td style="background: #2F2FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.3 </td> <td style="background: #4D4DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.4 </td> <td style="background: #5959FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.0 </td> <td style="background: #A4A4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3 </td> <td style="background: #A7A7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.1 </td> <td style="background: #8484FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.6 </td> <td style="background: #3C3CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.8 </td> <td style="background: #0000F4; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">20.8 </td> <td style="background: #0A0AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">19.8 </td> <td style="background: #4343FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">179.5 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #1E1EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.2 </td> <td style="background: #2E2EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.4 </td> <td style="background: #1919FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.6 </td> <td style="background: #2F2FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.3 </td> <td style="background: #4D4DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.4 </td> <td style="background: #5959FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.0 </td> <td style="background: #A4A4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3 </td> <td style="background: #A7A7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.1 </td> <td style="background: #8484FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.6 </td> <td style="background: #3C3CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.8 </td> <td style="background: #0000FC; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">20.2 </td> <td style="background: #1E1EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.2 </td> <td style="background: #4848FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">174.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 cm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.7 </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.9 </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.4 </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.3 </td> <td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.6 </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">12.2 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(at 3pm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #0000E5; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">73.3 </td> <td style="background: #0E0EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">62.9 </td> <td style="background: #1919FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">59.9 </td> <td style="background: #2828FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">56.0 </td> <td style="background: #2626FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">56.5 </td> <td style="background: #2424FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">57.1 </td> <td style="background: #2E2EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">54.5 </td> <td style="background: #3333FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">53.2 </td> <td style="background: #2727FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">56.4 </td> <td style="background: #0202FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">66.1 </td> <td style="background: #0000E1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74.3 </td> <td style="background: #0000E1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74.5 </td> <td style="background: #1111FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">62.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #7C7C7C; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">68.3 </td> <td style="background: #B1B17F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">99.0 </td> <td style="background: #BBBB40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">131.5 </td> <td style="background: #D0D000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">171.5 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">208.7 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">213.7 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">276.7 </td> <td style="background: #E6E600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">263.2 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">201.9 </td> <td style="background: #B7B758; color:#000000;" class="notheme">122.6 </td> <td style="background: #7A7A7A; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">64.7 </td> <td style="background: #767676; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">64.9 </td> <td style="background: #C8C800; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,886.7 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Percent <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">possible sunshine</a> </th> <td style="background: #D4D400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.2 </td> <td style="background: #E4E400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.6 </td> <td style="background: #E6E600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.7 </td> <td style="background: #F1F111; color:#000000;" class="notheme">41.8 </td> <td style="background: #F4F41A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">44.1 </td> <td style="background: #F5F51B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">44.2 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF4E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56.7 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59.1 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53.3 </td> <td style="background: #E8E800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.5 </td> <td style="background: #CFCF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.4 </td> <td style="background: #D4D400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.2 </td> <td style="background: #EEEE0A; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">40.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Environment_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Environment Canada">Environment Canada</a><sup id="cite_ref-CCN_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CCN-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-November_2016_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-November_2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-June_2021_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-June_2021-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Central_Fraser_Valley">Central Fraser Valley</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fraser_Valley&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Central Fraser Valley"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Central Fraser Valley (<a href="/wiki/Agassiz,_British_Columbia" title="Agassiz, British Columbia">Agassiz</a>) (1981–2010) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.2<br />(63.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.7<br />(71.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.8<br />(78.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.2<br />(90.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.0<br />(96.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.4<br />(106.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF1600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.3<br />(100.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF0E00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.4<br />(102.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF2000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.8<br />(98.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.3<br />(82.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8C1A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.1<br />(70.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.2<br />(63.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF0000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">41.4<br />(106.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFF3E7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.2<br />(43.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFE3C7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5<br />(47.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6<br />(52.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFB66E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.0<br />(59.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5<br />(65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF8C1A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.1<br />(70.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.0<br />(75.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.6<br />(76.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B17; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.3<br />(70.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFB66E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.0<br />(59.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFE0C2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.9<br />(48.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFF6ED; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.8<br />(42.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFB66E; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">15.0<br />(59.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.4<br />(38.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFFAF6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.1<br />(41.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFEAD5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.5<br />(45.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFD6AD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4<br />(50.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFC081; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.6<br />(56.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFAE5D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.2<br />(61.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5<br />(65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.7<br />(65.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB061; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.9<br />(60.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.0<br />(51.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.1<br />(43.0) </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.2<br />(37.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFD3A8; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">10.8<br />(51.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5<br />(32.9) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.6<br />(34.9) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.4<br />(38.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFF7EF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.6<br />(42.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFE1C3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8<br />(47.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFD0A1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.3<br />(52.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFC58C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.8<br />(55.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFC58C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.8<br />(55.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7AF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.3<br />(50.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFEEDD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.9<br />(44.4) </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.2<br />(37.8) </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5<br />(32.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E3; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">6.5<br />(43.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #5F5FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−25.0<br />(−13.0) </td> <td style="background: #6363FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−24.4<br />(−11.9) </td> <td style="background: #9999FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−14.4<br />(6.1) </td> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.9<br />(25.0) </td> <td style="background: #E0E0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.1<br />(30.0) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.7<br />(35.1) </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.3<br />(37.9) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.7<br />(35.1) </td> <td style="background: #E0E0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.1<br />(30.0) </td> <td style="background: #B8B8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−8.5<br />(16.7) </td> <td style="background: #8080FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−19.0<br />(−2.2) </td> <td style="background: #7474FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−21.1<br />(−6.0) </td> <td style="background: #5F5FFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−25.0<br />(−13.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #009700; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">240.8<br />(9.48) </td> <td style="background: #16FF16; color:#000000;" class="notheme">142.1<br />(5.59) </td> <td style="background: #18FF18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">154.7<br />(6.09) </td> <td style="background: #3DFF3D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">125.9<br />(4.96) </td> <td style="background: #65FF65; color:#000000;" class="notheme">103.0<br />(4.06) </td> <td style="background: #71FF71; color:#000000;" class="notheme">92.2<br />(3.63) </td> <td style="background: #9BFF9B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.6<br />(2.62) </td> <td style="background: #A8FFA8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.2<br />(2.29) </td> <td style="background: #78FF78; color:#000000;" class="notheme">87.6<br />(3.45) </td> <td style="background: #00E000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">191.7<br />(7.55) </td> <td style="background: #004700; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">285.0<br />(11.22) </td> <td style="background: #00CA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">206.1<br />(8.11) </td> <td style="background: #21FF21; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,754.1<br />(69.06) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #00B400; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">220.8<br />(8.69) </td> <td style="background: #28FF28; color:#000000;" class="notheme">131.1<br />(5.16) </td> <td style="background: #21FF21; color:#000000;" class="notheme">148.8<br />(5.86) </td> <td style="background: #3DFF3D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">125.5<br />(4.94) </td> <td style="background: #65FF65; color:#000000;" class="notheme">103.0<br />(4.06) </td> <td style="background: #71FF71; color:#000000;" class="notheme">92.2<br />(3.63) </td> <td style="background: #9BFF9B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.6<br />(2.62) </td> <td style="background: #A8FFA8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.2<br />(2.29) </td> <td style="background: #78FF78; color:#000000;" class="notheme">87.6<br />(3.45) </td> <td style="background: #00E000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">191.6<br />(7.54) </td> <td style="background: #005500; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">275.8<br />(10.86) </td> <td style="background: #00E600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">187.7<br />(7.39) </td> <td style="background: #29FF29; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,688.9<br />(66.49) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall cm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #0000CF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">20.3<br />(8.0) </td> <td style="background: #3232FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.5<br />(4.9) </td> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.8<br />(2.3) </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.4<br />(0.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2<br />(0.1) </td> <td style="background: #7171FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">9.2<br />(3.6) </td> <td style="background: #0000E2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">19.0<br />(7.5) </td> <td style="background: #A9A9FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">67.4<br />(26.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #1212FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">19.2 </td> <td style="background: #1414FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.3 </td> <td style="background: #0909FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">19.9 </td> <td style="background: #1C1CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.8 </td> <td style="background: #2C2CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.1 </td> <td style="background: #3F3FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.0 </td> <td style="background: #7E7EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4 </td> <td style="background: #8282FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1 </td> <td style="background: #6969FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.7 </td> <td style="background: #2C2CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.1 </td> <td style="background: #0000EE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">21.3 </td> <td style="background: #0808FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">20.0 </td> <td style="background: #3030FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">196.9 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #2F2FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.8 </td> <td style="background: #2929FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.8 </td> <td style="background: #0D0DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">19.6 </td> <td style="background: #1C1CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.8 </td> <td style="background: #2C2CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.1 </td> <td style="background: #3F3FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.0 </td> <td style="background: #7E7EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4 </td> <td style="background: #8282FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1 </td> <td style="background: #6969FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.7 </td> <td style="background: #2C2CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.1 </td> <td style="background: #0000F6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">20.7 </td> <td style="background: #1F1FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.1 </td> <td style="background: #3737FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">190.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 cm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.6 </td> <td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.8 </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.0 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.07 </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.3 </td> <td style="background: #CECEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9 </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">13.87 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #696969; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">57.8 </td> <td style="background: #AAAAA7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">85.7 </td> <td style="background: #B9B94A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">127.7 </td> <td style="background: #CCCC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">163.9 </td> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">194.2 </td> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">195.6 </td> <td style="background: #E4E400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">255.8 </td> <td style="background: #E1E100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">242.2 </td> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">196.8 </td> <td style="background: #B7B759; color:#000000;" class="notheme">122.2 </td> <td style="background: #717171; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">60.2 </td> <td style="background: #616161; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">53.6 </td> <td style="background: #C3C310; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,755.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: Environment Canada<sup id="cite_ref-climate_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-climate-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Central Fraser Valley (<a href="/wiki/Chilliwack_Airport" title="Chilliwack Airport">Chilliwack Airport</a>) (1981–2010) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3<br />(64.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9021; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.6<br />(69.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.8<br />(78.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.2<br />(90.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.5<br />(94.1) </td> <td style="background: #E00000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">43.7<br />(110.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.0<br />(100.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF0E00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.4<br />(102.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF2200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.5<br />(97.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.8<br />(82.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8C1A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.1<br />(70.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.0<br />(66.2) </td> <td style="background: #E00000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">43.7<br />(110.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFF3E8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.1<br />(43.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFE1C3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8<br />(47.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC9A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.8<br />(53.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB163; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.8<br />(60.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9A35; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.1<br />(66.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.7<br />(71.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.0<br />(77.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF6F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.3<br />(77.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8409; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.3<br />(72.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFB46A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.3<br />(59.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.3<br />(48.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0<br />(42.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFB367; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">15.5<br />(59.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.3<br />(37.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFFCF9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.9<br />(40.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3<br />(45.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD5AC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.5<br />(50.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFBF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.7<br />(56.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC5A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.4<br />(61.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9C39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.8<br />(65.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.7<br />(65.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB164; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.7<br />(60.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD3A8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.8<br />(51.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.2<br />(43.2) </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.3<br />(37.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFD3A8; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">10.8<br />(51.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.4<br />(32.7) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.0<br />(33.8) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.8<br />(37.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFAF5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.2<br />(41.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFE5CC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.2<br />(46.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.0<br />(51.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFC790; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.5<br />(54.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFCA96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.1<br />(53.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.1<br />(48.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.4<br />(43.5) </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.1<br />(37.6) </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5<br />(32.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">6.0<br />(42.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #5656FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−26.7<br />(−16.1) </td> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−16.7<br />(1.9) </td> <td style="background: #9999FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−14.4<br />(6.1) </td> <td style="background: #C5C5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.1<br />(21.0) </td> <td style="background: #DDDDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.7<br />(28.9) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1<br />(34.0) </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.3<br />(37.9) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.8<br />(37.0) </td> <td style="background: #D7D7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.8<br />(27.0) </td> <td style="background: #BFBFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7.2<br />(19.0) </td> <td style="background: #9999FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−14.4<br />(6.1) </td> <td style="background: #7171FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−21.7<br />(−7.1) </td> <td style="background: #5656FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−26.7<br />(−16.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #00A200; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">233.5<br />(9.19) </td> <td style="background: #31FF31; color:#000000;" class="notheme">125.8<br />(4.95) </td> <td style="background: #18FF18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">154.7<br />(6.09) </td> <td style="background: #4BFF4B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">116.3<br />(4.58) </td> <td style="background: #74FF74; color:#000000;" class="notheme">93.1<br />(3.67) </td> <td style="background: #71FF71; color:#000000;" class="notheme">91.7<br />(3.61) </td> <td style="background: #B7FFB7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.1<br />(1.89) </td> <td style="background: #AAFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56.7<br />(2.23) </td> <td style="background: #8BFF8B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">75.2<br />(2.96) </td> <td style="background: #00F400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">178.5<br />(7.03) </td> <td style="background: #004800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">283.8<br />(11.17) </td> <td style="background: #00C400; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">210.1<br />(8.27) </td> <td style="background: #2CFF2C; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,667.5<br />(65.65) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #00C900; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">206.9<br />(8.15) </td> <td style="background: #43FF43; color:#000000;" class="notheme">114.7<br />(4.52) </td> <td style="background: #28FF28; color:#000000;" class="notheme">143.7<br />(5.66) </td> <td style="background: #4DFF4D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">115.2<br />(4.54) </td> <td style="background: #74FF74; color:#000000;" class="notheme">93.1<br />(3.67) </td> <td style="background: #71FF71; color:#000000;" class="notheme">91.7<br />(3.61) </td> <td style="background: #B7FFB7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.1<br />(1.89) </td> <td style="background: #AAFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56.7<br />(2.23) </td> <td style="background: #8BFF8B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">75.2<br />(2.96) </td> <td style="background: #00F400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">178.4<br />(7.02) </td> <td style="background: #005A00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">272.7<br />(10.74) </td> <td style="background: #00E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">185.8<br />(7.31) </td> <td style="background: #36FF36; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,582.2<br />(62.29) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall cm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #000071; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">26.6<br />(10.5) </td> <td style="background: #4747FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">11.2<br />(4.4) </td> <td style="background: #5B5BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">11.0<br />(4.3) </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1<br />(0.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #5252FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">11.2<br />(4.4) </td> <td style="background: #000093; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">24.3<br />(9.6) </td> <td style="background: #9393FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">85.3<br />(33.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #0000FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">20.6 </td> <td style="background: #2727FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.9 </td> <td style="background: #0B0BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">19.7 </td> <td style="background: #1F1FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.5 </td> <td style="background: #3C3CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.8 </td> <td style="background: #4444FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.6 </td> <td style="background: #9393FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.7 </td> <td style="background: #9696FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5 </td> <td style="background: #8080FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9 </td> <td style="background: #2C2CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.1 </td> <td style="background: #0000EB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">21.5 </td> <td style="background: #0606FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">20.1 </td> <td style="background: #3838FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">189.9 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #1919FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.6 </td> <td style="background: #3939FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.6 </td> <td style="background: #1212FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">19.2 </td> <td style="background: #1F1FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.5 </td> <td style="background: #3C3CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.8 </td> <td style="background: #4444FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.6 </td> <td style="background: #9393FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.7 </td> <td style="background: #9696FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5 </td> <td style="background: #8080FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9 </td> <td style="background: #2C2CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.1 </td> <td style="background: #0000F3; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">20.9 </td> <td style="background: #1B1BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.4 </td> <td style="background: #3E3EFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">183.8 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 cm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #C1C1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0 </td> <td style="background: #D7D7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.9 </td> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.9 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1 </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0 </td> <td style="background: #C3C3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.8 </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">16.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: <sup id="cite_ref-climatedata_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-climatedata-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: <sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eastern_Fraser_Valley">Eastern Fraser Valley</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fraser_Valley&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Eastern Fraser Valley"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Eastern Fraser Valley (<a href="/wiki/Laidlaw,_British_Columbia" title="Laidlaw, British Columbia">Laidlaw</a>), 1981–2010 normals </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.5<br />(58.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5<br />(65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.0<br />(77.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.5<br />(86.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF1B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.5<br />(99.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.0<br />(95.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.0<br />(100.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF1B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.5<br />(99.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF2200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.5<br />(97.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.5<br />(83.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA54B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.5<br />(63.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFC082; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.5<br />(56.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">38.0<br />(100.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFFEFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.6<br />(40.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFEAD5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.5<br />(45.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFCF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.4<br />(52.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.2<br />(59.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5<br />(65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.2<br />(70.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.3<br />(75.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.0<br />(77.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B17; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.3<br />(70.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.3<br />(57.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.7<br />(45.9) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.2<br />(39.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFB973; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">14.6<br />(58.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.2<br />(36.0) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.2<br />(39.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.1<br />(44.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7B0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2<br />(50.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC081; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.6<br />(56.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFAD5C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.3<br />(61.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9C39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.8<br />(65.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3<br />(66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFAE5D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.2<br />(61.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4A9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7<br />(51.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFF8F2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.4<br />(41.7) </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0<br />(35.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD5AC; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">10.5<br />(50.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.3<br />(31.5) </td> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.9<br />(33.6) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.8<br />(37.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0<br />(41.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFE3C7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5<br />(47.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD1A4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.1<br />(52.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFC388; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.1<br />(55.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.3<br />(55.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFD3A8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.8<br />(51.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFEEDD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.9<br />(44.4) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.0<br />(37.4) </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.3<br />(31.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E7; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">6.2<br />(43.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #8A8AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−17.0<br />(1.4) </td> <td style="background: #8585FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−18.0<br />(−0.4) </td> <td style="background: #B8B8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−8.5<br />(16.7) </td> <td style="background: #DEDEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.5<br />(29.3) </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5<br />(32.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0<br />(41.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.0<br />(44.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFEAD5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.5<br />(45.5) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.0<br />(37.4) </td> <td style="background: #B0B0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−10.0<br />(14.0) </td> <td style="background: #7878FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−20.5<br />(−4.9) </td> <td style="background: #8585FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−18.0<br />(−0.4) </td> <td style="background: #7878FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−20.5<br />(−4.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #005100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">287.6<br />(11.32) </td> <td style="background: #00C000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">194.3<br />(7.65) </td> <td style="background: #00D200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">201.2<br />(7.92) </td> <td style="background: #00FD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">166.6<br />(6.56) </td> <td style="background: #3AFF3A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">131.8<br />(5.19) </td> <td style="background: #4FFF4F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">113.8<br />(4.48) </td> <td style="background: #80FF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84.7<br />(3.33) </td> <td style="background: #9FFF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">64.2<br />(2.53) </td> <td style="background: #5DFF5D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">104.7<br />(4.12) </td> <td style="background: #00A700; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">229.6<br />(9.04) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">352.7<br />(13.89) </td> <td style="background: #008000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">255.8<br />(10.07) </td> <td style="background: #00E900; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,186.8<br />(86.09) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #007600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">262.6<br />(10.34) </td> <td style="background: #00DB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">177.7<br />(7.00) </td> <td style="background: #00DD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">193.5<br />(7.62) </td> <td style="background: #00FE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">165.8<br />(6.53) </td> <td style="background: #3AFF3A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">131.8<br />(5.19) </td> <td style="background: #4FFF4F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">113.8<br />(4.48) </td> <td style="background: #80FF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84.7<br />(3.33) </td> <td style="background: #9FFF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">64.2<br />(2.53) </td> <td style="background: #5DFF5D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">104.7<br />(4.12) </td> <td style="background: #00A800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">228.9<br />(9.01) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">344.8<br />(13.57) </td> <td style="background: #009E00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">236.2<br />(9.30) </td> <td style="background: #00F300; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,108.5<br />(83.01) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall cm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #00008A; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">24.9<br />(9.8) </td> <td style="background: #0000EE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.6<br />(6.5) </td> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.7<br />(3.0) </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.8<br />(0.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6<br />(0.2) </td> <td style="background: #8585FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.9<br />(3.1) </td> <td style="background: #0000D9; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">19.6<br />(7.7) </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">78.2<br />(30.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #0000FE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">20.7 </td> <td style="background: #1C1CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.7 </td> <td style="background: #0909FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">19.9 </td> <td style="background: #1919FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.0 </td> <td style="background: #2C2CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.1 </td> <td style="background: #4646FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.5 </td> <td style="background: #7D7DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.5 </td> <td style="background: #9292FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8 </td> <td style="background: #7070FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.2 </td> <td style="background: #2727FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.5 </td> <td style="background: #0000EF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">21.2 </td> <td style="background: #2020FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.0 </td> <td style="background: #3333FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">194.2 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #1E1EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.2 </td> <td style="background: #3131FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.2 </td> <td style="background: #0E0EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">19.5 </td> <td style="background: #1919FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.0 </td> <td style="background: #2C2CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.1 </td> <td style="background: #4646FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.5 </td> <td style="background: #7D7DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.5 </td> <td style="background: #9292FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8 </td> <td style="background: #7070FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.2 </td> <td style="background: #2828FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.4 </td> <td style="background: #0000F6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">20.7 </td> <td style="background: #3939FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.0 </td> <td style="background: #3B3BFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">187.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 cm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #C7C7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.5 </td> <td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.8 </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1 </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.31 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.15 </td> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.5 </td> <td style="background: #CECEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9 </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">14.26 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Environment_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Environment Canada">Environment Canada</a><sup id="cite_ref-climate_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-climate-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Eastern Fraser Valley (<a href="/wiki/Hope_Aerodrome" title="Hope Aerodrome">Hope Airport</a>), 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1910–present<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFB66E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.0<br />(59.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9831; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.4<br />(66.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.1<br />(77.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.2<br />(90.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1500; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.4<br />(101.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.4<br />(106.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF0600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.6<br />(105.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF1000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.1<br />(102.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF1600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.3<br />(100.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.0<br />(84.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B38; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.9<br />(66.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.1<br />(61.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF0000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">41.4<br />(106.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFFDFC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.7<br />(40.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.0<br />(44.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFCA96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.1<br />(53.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.1<br />(59.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.6<br />(65.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.9<br />(69.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.6<br />(74.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.8<br />(76.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8A16; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.4<br />(70.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.5<br />(58.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.1<br />(44.8) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.5<br />(38.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA76; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">14.4<br />(57.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.1<br />(35.8) </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.6<br />(38.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4<br />(45.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD8B1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1<br />(50.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC082; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.5<br />(56.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.0<br />(60.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFA042; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.2<br />(64.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.0<br />(66.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB061; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.9<br />(60.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD5AC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.5<br />(50.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFFEFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.6<br />(40.3) </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.2<br />(34.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7B0; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">10.2<br />(50.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.4<br />(31.3) </td> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3<br />(32.5) </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.6<br />(36.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0<br />(41.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4C9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.4<br />(47.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.0<br />(51.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFC58C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.8<br />(55.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFC387; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.2<br />(55.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7AF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.3<br />(50.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.4<br />(43.5) </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.1<br />(35.8) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.0<br />(30.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFF5EB; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">5.9<br />(42.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #5F5FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−25.0<br />(−13.0) </td> <td style="background: #6868FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−23.3<br />(−9.9) </td> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−16.7<br />(1.9) </td> <td style="background: #C8C8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.6<br />(21.9) </td> <td style="background: #D7D7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.8<br />(27.0) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1<br />(34.0) </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.3<br />(37.9) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1<br />(34.0) </td> <td style="background: #E0E0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.1<br />(30.0) </td> <td style="background: #AAAAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−11.2<br />(11.8) </td> <td style="background: #7373FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−21.4<br />(−6.5) </td> <td style="background: #6363FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−24.4<br />(−11.9) </td> <td style="background: #5F5FFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−25.0<br />(−13.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #004D00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">290.5<br />(11.44) </td> <td style="background: #00B500; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">201.1<br />(7.92) </td> <td style="background: #12FF12; color:#000000;" class="notheme">159.0<br />(6.26) </td> <td style="background: #00F300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">172.8<br />(6.80) </td> <td style="background: #58FF58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">112.0<br />(4.41) </td> <td style="background: #6EFF6E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">93.8<br />(3.69) </td> <td style="background: #8BFF8B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.8<br />(3.06) </td> <td style="background: #B5FFB5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.1<br />(1.93) </td> <td style="background: #69FF69; color:#000000;" class="notheme">97.0<br />(3.82) </td> <td style="background: #00B800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">218.6<br />(8.61) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">352.5<br />(13.88) </td> <td style="background: #00B700; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">219.0<br />(8.62) </td> <td style="background: #00FB00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,043.3<br />(80.44) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #007100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">265.9<br />(10.47) </td> <td style="background: #00D400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">182.1<br />(7.17) </td> <td style="background: #19FF19; color:#000000;" class="notheme">154.3<br />(6.07) </td> <td style="background: #00F500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">171.7<br />(6.76) </td> <td style="background: #58FF58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">112.0<br />(4.41) </td> <td style="background: #6EFF6E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">93.8<br />(3.69) </td> <td style="background: #8BFF8B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.8<br />(3.06) </td> <td style="background: #B5FFB5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.1<br />(1.93) </td> <td style="background: #69FF69; color:#000000;" class="notheme">97.0<br />(3.82) </td> <td style="background: #00BA00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">217.4<br />(8.56) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">339.0<br />(13.35) </td> <td style="background: #00DB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">195.2<br />(7.69) </td> <td style="background: #07FF07; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,955.2<br />(76.98) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall cm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #00005E; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">27.9<br />(11.0) </td> <td style="background: #000066; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">24.9<br />(9.8) </td> <td style="background: #B3B3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.1<br />(2.0) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.0<br />(0.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.3<br />(0.5) </td> <td style="background: #2222FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.3<br />(5.6) </td> <td style="background: #00004D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">29.0<br />(11.4) </td> <td style="background: #7C7CFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">103.5<br />(40.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #1515FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.9 </td> <td style="background: #2727FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.9 </td> <td style="background: #2727FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.5 </td> <td style="background: #1616FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.2 </td> <td style="background: #3535FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.3 </td> <td style="background: #4D4DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.9 </td> <td style="background: #7D7DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.5 </td> <td style="background: #9B9BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.1 </td> <td style="background: #7B7BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.3 </td> <td style="background: #3D3DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.7 </td> <td style="background: #0000EA; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">21.6 </td> <td style="background: #2424FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.7 </td> <td style="background: #3D3DFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">184.6 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #3030FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.7 </td> <td style="background: #4545FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.7 </td> <td style="background: #2A2AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.2 </td> <td style="background: #1616FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.2 </td> <td style="background: #3535FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.3 </td> <td style="background: #4D4DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.9 </td> <td style="background: #7D7DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.5 </td> <td style="background: #9B9BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.1 </td> <td style="background: #7C7CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2 </td> <td style="background: #3E3EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.6 </td> <td style="background: #0000F4; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">20.8 </td> <td style="background: #4747FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.9 </td> <td style="background: #4646FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">176.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 cm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #B9B9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.6 </td> <td style="background: #C8C8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.0 </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.4 </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #DADAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.9 </td> <td style="background: #B1B1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.3 </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">20.9 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000D7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">77.1 </td> <td style="background: #0000F9; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">68.0 </td> <td style="background: #2424FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">57.2 </td> <td style="background: #2626FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">56.5 </td> <td style="background: #2222FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">57.6 </td> <td style="background: #1B1BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">59.4 </td> <td style="background: #1F1FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">58.5 </td> <td style="background: #2C2CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">55.0 </td> <td style="background: #2929FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">55.7 </td> <td style="background: #0000F6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">68.8 </td> <td style="background: #0000CB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80.2 </td> <td style="background: #0000D3; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">78.0 </td> <td style="background: #0909FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">64.3 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #181818; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.2 </td> <td style="background: #707070; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">56.3 </td> <td style="background: #B3B36E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">114.7 </td> <td style="background: #C3C30F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">144.6 </td> <td style="background: #D4D400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">185.4 </td> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">194.6 </td> <td style="background: #DFDF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">236.2 </td> <td style="background: #E3E300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">251.8 </td> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">188.7 </td> <td style="background: #ABAB9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">96.9 </td> <td style="background: #252525; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">19.6 </td> <td style="background: #080808; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">4.4 </td> <td style="background: #B9B94A; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,506.4 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Percent <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">possible sunshine</a> </th> <td style="background: #424242; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">4.9 </td> <td style="background: #C2C215; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.8 </td> <td style="background: #DFDF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.2 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.2 </td> <td style="background: #ECEC06; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39.1 </td> <td style="background: #EEEE0A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40.1 </td> <td style="background: #FBFB2B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.2 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF4D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56.4 </td> <td style="background: #FEFE31; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.7 </td> <td style="background: #DBDB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.9 </td> <td style="background: #606060; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">7.1 </td> <td style="background: #171717; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">1.7 </td> <td style="background: #DDDD00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">30.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Environment_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Environment Canada">Environment Canada</a><sup id="cite_ref-Hope_A_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hope_A-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hope_Little_Mountain_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hope_Little_Mountain-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Extreme high and low temperatures in the table below were recorded at Hope from March 1910 to December 1937 and at Hope Airport from January 1938 to present.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fraser_Valley&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fraser_Valley_Regional_District">Fraser Valley Regional District</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fraser_Valley&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Fraser Valley Regional District"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Canada 2016 Census <sup id="cite_ref-fraser-valley2016_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fraser-valley2016-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>Population</th> <th>% of total population (2016) </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="12"><a href="/wiki/Visible_minority" title="Visible minority">Visible minority</a> group</td> <td><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indian</a></td> <td>39,920</td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001138243900749744♠" style="display:none"></span>13.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Canadian" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Canadian">Chinese</a></td> <td>3,660</td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000124668848371513♠" style="display:none"></span>1.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Black_Canadians" title="Black Canadians">Black</a></td> <td>2,495</td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999864024379685903♠" style="display:none"></span>0.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Filipino_Canadian" class="mw-redirect" title="Filipino Canadian">Filipino</a></td> <td>2,700</td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999935016362786348♠" style="display:none"></span>0.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Latin_American_Canadian" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin American Canadian">Latin American</a></td> <td>2,050</td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999709919831004450♠" style="display:none"></span>0.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Arab_Canadians" title="Arab Canadians">Arab</a></td> <td>505</td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999174882690076705♠" style="display:none"></span>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asian</a></td> <td>2,285</td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999791300884802521♠" style="display:none"></span>0.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Western_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Asia">West Asian</a></td> <td>355</td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999122937336588575♠" style="display:none"></span>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Korean_Canadian" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean Canadian">Korean</a></td> <td>2,135</td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999739355531314390♠" style="display:none"></span>0.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Canadians" title="Japanese Canadians">Japanese</a></td> <td>905</td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999313403632711720♠" style="display:none"></span>0.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Visible minority, n.i.e.</td> <td>405</td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999140252454417952♠" style="display:none"></span>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Multiracial" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiracial">Multiple</a> visible minorities</td> <td>1,110</td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999384395615812165♠" style="display:none"></span>0.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><b>Total visible minority population</b></td> <td><b>58,535</b></td> <td><b><span data-sort-value="7001202708084428514♠" style="display:none"></span>20.3%</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/European_Canadian" class="mw-redirect" title="European Canadian">European</a></td> <td><b>202,095</b></td> <td><b><span data-sort-value="7001699859747545582♠" style="display:none"></span>70%</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_peoples_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Aboriginal peoples in Canada">Aboriginal</a> group</td> <td><b>23,865</b></td> <td><b><span data-sort-value="7000826450573996156♠" style="display:none"></span>8.3%</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><i><b>Total population</b></i></td> <td><i><b>288,765</b></i></td> <td><i><b>100%</b></i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>According to the 2011 Census, 76.47% of the Fraser Valley regional district in BC have <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> as <a href="/wiki/Mother_tongue" class="mw-redirect" title="Mother tongue">mother tongue</a>; <a href="/wiki/Punjabi_language" title="Punjabi language">Punjabi</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Mother_tongue" class="mw-redirect" title="Mother tongue">mother tongue</a> of 10.02% of the population, followed by <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a> (3.49%), <a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a> (1.39%), <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> (1.07%), <a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean</a> (0.69%), <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> (0.66%), <a href="/wiki/Tagalog_language" title="Tagalog language">Tagalog</a> (0.35%), <a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese, n.o.s.</a> (0.33%), and <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_language" title="Vietnamese language">Vietnamese</a> (0.30%).<sup id="cite_ref-2011Census_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2011Census-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="float:left;"> <tbody><tr style="background:darkGrey;"> <th><i>Mother tongue</i> </th> <th><i>Population (2011)</i> </th> <th><i>Percentage</i> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> </td> <td>209,130 </td> <td>76.47% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#efefef; color:black"> <td><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_language" title="Punjabi language">Punjabi</a> </td> <td>27,390 </td> <td>10.02% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a> </td> <td>9,540 </td> <td>3.49% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#efefef; color:black"> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a> </td> <td>3,790 </td> <td>1.39% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> </td> <td>2,915 </td> <td>1.07% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#efefef; color:black"> <td><a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean</a> </td> <td>1,880 </td> <td>0.69% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> </td> <td>1,810 </td> <td>0.66% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#efefef; color:black"> <td><a href="/wiki/Tagalog_language" title="Tagalog language">Tagalog</a> (<a href="/wiki/Filipino_language" title="Filipino language">Filipino</a>) </td> <td>950 </td> <td>0.35% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese, n.o.s.</a> </td> <td>890 </td> <td>0.33% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#efefef; color:black"> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_language" title="Vietnamese language">Vietnamese</a> </td> <td>820 </td> <td>0.30% </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_land_use">Modern land use</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fraser_Valley&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Modern land use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Today, the Fraser Valley has a mix of land uses, ranging from the urban and industrial centres of <a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a>, <a href="/wiki/Surrey,_British_Columbia" title="Surrey, British Columbia">Surrey</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Abbotsford,_British_Columbia" title="Abbotsford, British Columbia">Abbotsford</a> through golf courses and parks to dairy farms and <a href="/wiki/Market_gardening" class="mw-redirect" title="Market gardening">market gardens</a>. </p><p>Agricultural land in the valley – much of it protected by the <a href="/wiki/Agricultural_Land_Reserve" title="Agricultural Land Reserve">Agricultural Land Reserve</a> – is intensively farmed: the Fraser Valley brings in nearly 40% of British Columbia's annual agricultural revenue, although it makes up a small percentage of the province's total land area.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Fraser Valley, specifically in <a href="/wiki/Abbotsford,_British_Columbia" title="Abbotsford, British Columbia">Abbotsford</a>, is the northernmost area of <a href="/wiki/Rice" title="Rice">rice</a> cultivation in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-Tourism_Abbotsford_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tourism_Abbotsford-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Air_quality">Air quality</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fraser_Valley&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Air quality"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As the valley population grows and traffic increases, <a href="/wiki/Air_pollution" title="Air pollution">air pollution</a> becomes an increasingly important issue; various controversies have risen over the years (most recently over "<a href="/wiki/Sumas_2" title="Sumas 2">Sumas 2</a>", a defeated proposal for a power plant just south of the Canadian/USA border) as to whether or not air pollution is a problem, and if it is a problem, how this should be addressed. </p><p>Air quality monitoring has improved in recent years and it is now possible to compare BC communities on a variety of measures. Comparative data on four measures—<a href="/wiki/Atmospheric_particulate_matter" class="mw-redirect" title="Atmospheric particulate matter">fine particulate matter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ozone" title="Ozone">ground-level ozone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nitrogen_dioxide" title="Nitrogen dioxide">nitrogen dioxide</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sulfur_dioxide" title="Sulfur dioxide">sulphur dioxide</a>—shows the Fraser Valley to have better air quality than Vancouver on several measures. For example, Fraser Valley communities had less than half the levels of nitrogen dioxide, and were lower in fine particulate matter and sulphur dioxide (on the latter measure, Abbotsford and Chilliwack were among the lowest of all BC sites).<sup id="cite_ref-BCLA_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BCLA-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In certain weather conditions during the summer, prevailing westerly winds blow air pollution from vehicles and from ships in Vancouver harbour east up the triangular delta, trapping it between the Coast Mountains on the north and the Cascades on the southeast. Air quality suffers. This usually occurs during a <a href="/wiki/Temperature_inversion" class="mw-redirect" title="Temperature inversion">temperature inversion</a>, and lasts for a few days. Ground-level ozone tends to be from local sources in the valley and varies with prevailing winds.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With prevailing winds from the northeast during the late fall and winter, air quality is seldom a problem. </p><p>Air quality in the Fraser Valley at times exceeds the Canada-Wide Standard (CWS) for ozone (at Hope) and is close to exceeding the CWS for Particulate Matter.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_usage_of_the_name">Modern usage of the name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fraser_Valley&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Modern usage of the name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In colloquial usage, "Fraser Valley" usually refers only to that part of the valley beyond the continuously built-up urban area around Vancouver, up to and including Chilliwack and Agassiz, about 80 km east, and abutting the border with <a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington's</a> <a href="/wiki/Whatcom_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Whatcom County">Whatcom County</a>; news media typically also include the built-up eastern suburban areas of Vancouver which a few decades ago were mixed farmland and forest, typical of "the Valley". The Fraser Valley region is also the namesake of the <a href="/wiki/Fraser_Valley_Regional_District,_British_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Fraser Valley Regional District, British Columbia">Fraser Valley Regional District</a>, though that consists of only about half of the actual Fraser Valley, and is made up of the municipalities and incorporated areas from Abbotsford and Mission eastwards to Hope. It also includes areas not in the Fraser Valley, particularly the lower <a href="/wiki/Fraser_Canyon" title="Fraser Canyon">Fraser Canyon</a> from Boston Bar to Hope. </p><p>The term "Central Fraser Valley" refers to Mission and Abbotsford and is included within the Lower Fraser Valley. The Upper Fraser Valley means from Chilliwack and Agassiz to Hope. The phrases "Fraser Valley towns" and "Fraser River municipalities" include Delta and Richmond, though the colloquial "in the Valley" means from Surrey and Coquitlam eastwards. </p><p>The "Tidal Fraser area" is usually defined as the area of the Fraser from the mouth at the Pacific Ocean to the Mission bridge. Everything in between there is influenced greatly by ocean tides, including the largest tidal lake in North America, Pitt Lake. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sociology">Sociology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fraser_Valley&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Sociology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output 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print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248332772">.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text{width:95%;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-content{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox{border:none;border-collapse:collapse;background-color:transparent;margin:0 0 0 1.6em!important;padding:0!important;width:auto;display:block}body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox.mbox-small-left{font-size:100%;width:auto;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text{padding:0!important;margin:0!important}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text-span{display:list-item;line-height:1.5em;list-style-type:disc}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-toggle,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-image,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-imageright,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-empty-cell,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .hide-when-compact{display:none}</style><table class="box-Multiple_issues plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>This section has multiple issues.</b> Please help <b><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Fraser_Valley" title="Special:EditPage/Fraser Valley">improve it</a></b> or discuss these issues on the <b><a href="/wiki/Talk:Fraser_Valley" title="Talk:Fraser Valley">talk page</a></b>. <small><i>(<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove these messages</a>)</i></small> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fraser_Valley&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2010</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Fraser_Valley" title="Special:EditPage/Fraser Valley">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The south shore of the Central and Upper Fraser Valley is also known colloquially as the "<a href="/wiki/Bible_Belt" title="Bible Belt">Bible Belt</a>" of British Columbia and is home to many of Canada's largest churches, notably the <a href="/wiki/Mennonite_Brethren" class="mw-redirect" title="Mennonite Brethren">Mennonite Brethren</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Reformed_Church" title="Dutch Reformed Church">Dutch Reformed Church</a>, a reflection of the heavy settlement of the Valley by post-war Dutch and German immigrants, as well as the Canadian headquarters of many Christian/<a href="/wiki/Evangelical" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical">Evangelical</a> para-church organisations such as <a href="/wiki/Focus_on_the_Family" title="Focus on the Family">Focus on the Family</a> and Power to Change, the Canadian branch of <a href="/wiki/Cru_(Christian_organization)" title="Cru (Christian organization)">Cru_(Christian_organization)</a>, formerly known as Campus Crusade for Christ. Voters in south shore ridings typically elect right-wing candidates, while in ridings on the river's north side elections sway between left-wing and right-wing parties regularly. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fraser_Valley&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Fraser_Valley#Q3554074" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Fraser Valley">Fraser Valley</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_pollution_in_British_Columbia" title="Air pollution in British Columbia">Air pollution in British Columbia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fraser_Valley&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-mass-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mass_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMass2008" class="citation book cs1">Mass, Cliff (2008). <i>The Weather of the Pacific Northwest</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Washington_Press" title="University of Washington Press">University of Washington Press</a>. p. 60. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-295-98847-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-295-98847-4"><bdi>978-0-295-98847-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Weather+of+the+Pacific+Northwest&rft.pages=60&rft.pub=University+of+Washington+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-295-98847-4&rft.aulast=Mass&rft.aufirst=Cliff&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFraser+Valley" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1981_2010_e.html?searchType=stnName&txtStationName=maple&searchMethod=contains&txtCentralLatMin=0&txtCentralLatSec=0&txtCentralLongMin=0&txtCentralLongSec=0&stnID=787&dispBack=0#station-metadata">Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 Station Data – Climate – Environment and Climate Change Canada</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-climate2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-climate2_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Environment_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Environment Canada">Environment Canada</a>—<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.climate.weatheroffice.ec.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_e.html?Province=ALL&StationName=Langley&SearchType=BeginsWith&LocateBy=Province&Proximity=25&ProximityFrom=City&StationNumber=&IDType=MSC&CityName=&ParkName=&LatitudeDegrees=&LatitudeMinutes=&LongitudeDegrees=&LongitudeMinutes=&NormalsClass=A&SelNormals=&StnId=798&&autofwd=1">Canadian Climate Normals 1971–2000</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200324023214/http://www.climate.weatheroffice.ec.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_e.html?Province=ALL&StationName=Langley&SearchType=BeginsWith&LocateBy=Province&Proximity=25&ProximityFrom=City&StationNumber=&IDType=MSC&CityName=&ParkName=&LatitudeDegrees=&LatitudeMinutes=&LongitudeDegrees=&LongitudeMinutes=&NormalsClass=A&SelNormals=&StnId=798&&autofwd=1">Archived</a> 2020-03-24 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, accessed July 10, 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?timeframe=2&Year=2021&Month=6&Day=1&hlyRange=%7C&dlyRange=1964-01-01%7C2021-07-12&mlyRange=1964-01-01%7C2007-02-01&StationID=747&Prov=BC&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=specDate&StartYear=1840&EndYear=2021&selRowPerPage=25&Line=0&searchMethod=contains&txtStationName=cloverdale+east">"Historical Data - Climate - Environment and Climate Change Canada"</a>. 31 October 2011.</cite><span 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rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1981_2010_e.html?stnID=702&lang=e&dCode=1&province=BC&provBut=Go&month1=0&month2=12">"Abbotsford A"</a>. <i>Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010</i>. <a href="/wiki/Environment_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Environment Canada">Environment Canada</a>. 31 October 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Agricultural+Economy+in+the+Fraser+Valley+Regional+District&rft.pub=Fraser+Valley+Regional+District&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fvrd.ca%2Fassets%2FAbout~the~FVRD%2FDocuments%2FRGS%2FAgricultureSnapshot.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFraser+Valley" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tourism_Abbotsford-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tourism_Abbotsford_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tourism Abbotsford (2019) <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://tourismabbotsford.ca/abbotsford-rice-paddies-thriving/">https://tourismabbotsford.ca/abbotsford-rice-paddies-thriving/</a> Retrieved on: 2020-02-06.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BCLA-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BCLA_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">BC Lung Association (2010)<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bc.lung.ca/airquality/stateoftheair-report.html">Sixth Annual State of the Air Report</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070811203340/http://www.bc.lung.ca/airquality/stateoftheair-report.html">Archived</a> 2007-08-11 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Retrieved on: 2011-01-27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (November 2006). [www.env.gov.bc.ca/epd/bcairquality/reports/pdfs/canada_pm_ozone.pdf Canada Wide Standards for PM and Ozone: Status of Jurisdictional Implementation Planning Activities – British Columbia]. Retrieved on 2011-01-27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927010942/http://www.chilliwacktimes.com/issues05/115105/news/115105nn2.html">canada.com</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fraser_Valley&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Arnett, T.C. 1976. The Chilliwack Valley Continuum: A Search for a Canadian Land Ethic. Unpublished Master's Thesis, UBC.</li> <li>Carlson, K.T. (ed.) 2001. A Stó:lō-Coast Salish Historical Atlas. Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre.</li> <li>Carlson, K.T. (ed.) 1996. You Are Asked To Witness: The Stó:lō in Canada's Pacific Coast History. Chilliwack: Stolo Heritage Trust.</li> <li>Cherrington, J.A. 1992. The Fraser Valley: A History. Madeira Park, B.C.: Harbour Publishing.</li> <li>Cook, D. 1978. Early Settlement in the Chilliwack Valley. Unpublished research paper, UBC.</li> <li>Demeritt, D. 1995–96. Visions of Agriculture in British Columbia. BC Studies 108, 29–59.</li> <li>Harris, C. 1997. The Resettlement of British Columbia. Vancouver: UBC Press.</li> <li>Oliver, J. 2006. A View From the Ground: Understanding the 'Place' of the Fraser Valley in the Changing Contexts of a Colonial World 1792–1918. Unpublished PhD Dissertation, University of Sheffield.</li> <li>Ramsey, B. 1975. Five Corners, the story of Chilliwack. Chilliwack: Chilliwack Valley Historical Society.</li> <li>Waite, D.E. 1977. The Langley Story illustrated: An Early History of The Municipality of Langley: Don Waite Publishing.</li> <li>Wynn, G. & T.R. Oke (eds) 1992. Vancouver and Its Region. 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