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welding</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: plasma arc welding"> <meta name="keywords" content="plasma arc welding"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="plasma arc welding"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1276</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: plasma arc welding</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1276</span> High-Production Laser and Plasma Welding Technologies for High-Speed Vessels Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20M.%20Levshakov">V. M. Levshakov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20A.%20Steshenkova"> N. A. Steshenkova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20A.%20Nosyrev"> N. A. Nosyrev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Application of hulls processing technologies, based on high-concentrated energy sources (laser and plasma technologies), allow improve shipbuilding production. It is typical for high-speed vessels construction using steel and aluminum alloys with high precision hulls required. Report describes high-performance technologies for plasma welding (using direct current of reversed polarity), laser, and hybrid laser-arc welding of hulls structures developed by JSC “SSTC”. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flat%20sections" title="flat sections">flat sections</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20laser-arc%20welding" title=" hybrid laser-arc welding"> hybrid laser-arc welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20welding" title=" plasma welding"> plasma welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasmatron" title=" plasmatron"> plasmatron</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8894/high-production-laser-and-plasma-welding-technologies-for-high-speed-vessels-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8894.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">448</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1275</span> Investigation of Fusion Zone Microstructures in Plasma Arc Welding of Austenitic Stainless Steel (SS-304L) with Low Carbon Steel (A-36) with or without Filler Alloy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shan-e-Fatima">Shan-e-Fatima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mushtaq%20Khan"> Mushtaq Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Imran%20Hussian"> Syed Imran Hussian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Plasma arc welding technology is used for welding SS-304L with A-36. Two different optimize butt welded joints were produced by using austenitic filler alloy E-309L and with direct fusion at 45 A, 2mm/sec by keeping plasma gas flow rate at 0.5LPM. Microstructure analysis of the weld bead was carried out. The results reveal complex heterogeneous microstructure in austenitic base filler alloy sample where as full martensite was found in directly fused sample. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fusion%20zone%20microstructure" title="fusion zone microstructure">fusion zone microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stainless%20steel" title=" stainless steel"> stainless steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20carbon%20steel" title=" low carbon steel"> low carbon steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20arc%20welding" title=" plasma arc welding"> plasma arc welding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14603/investigation-of-fusion-zone-microstructures-in-plasma-arc-welding-of-austenitic-stainless-steel-ss-304l-with-low-carbon-steel-a-36-with-or-without-filler-alloy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14603.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">575</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1274</span> A New Approach to the Boom Welding Technique by Determining Seam Profile Tracking</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muciz%20%C3%96zcan">Muciz Özcan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Sacid%20Endiz"> Mustafa Sacid Endiz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Veysel%20Alver"> Veysel Alver</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper we present a new approach to the boom welding related to the mobile cranes manufacturing, implementing a new method in order to get homogeneous welding quality and reduced energy usage during booms production. We aim to get the realization of the same welding quality carried out on the boom in every region during the manufacturing process and to detect the possible welding errors whether they could be eliminated using laser sensors. We determine the position of the welding region directly through our system and with the help of the welding oscillator we are able to perform a proper boom welding. Errors that may occur in the welding process can be observed by monitoring and eliminated by means of an operator. The major modification in the production of the crane booms will be their form of the booms. Although conventionally, more than one welding is required to perform this process, with the suggested concept, only one particular welding is sufficient, which will be more energy and environment-friendly. Consequently, as only one welding is needed for the manufacturing of the boom, the particular welding quality becomes more essential. As a way to satisfy the welding quality, a welding manipulator was made and fabricated. By using this welding manipulator, the risks of involving dangerous gases formed during the welding process for the operator and the surroundings are diminished as much as possible. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boom%20welding" title="boom welding">boom welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seam%20tracking" title=" seam tracking"> seam tracking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20saving" title=" energy saving"> energy saving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20warming" title=" global warming"> global warming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30866/a-new-approach-to-the-boom-welding-technique-by-determining-seam-profile-tracking" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30866.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1273</span> Bending Test Characteristics for Splicing of Thermoplastic Polymer Using Hot Gas Welding </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prantasi%20Harmi%20%20Tjahjanti">Prantasi Harmi Tjahjanti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iswanto%20Iswanto"> Iswanto Iswanto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edi%20%20Widodo"> Edi Widodo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sholeh%20%20Pamuji"> Sholeh Pamuji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Materials of the thermoplastic polymer when they break is usually thrown away, or is recycled which requires a long process. The purpose of this study is to splice the broken thermoplastic polymer using hot gas welding with different variations of welding wire/electrodes. Materials of thermoplastic polymer used are Polyethylene (PE), Polypropylene (PP), and Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) by using welding wire like the three materials. The method is carried out by using hot gas welding; there are two materials that cannot be connected, namely PE with PVC welding wire, and PP with PVC welding wire. The permeable liquid penetrant test is PP with PE welding wire, and PVC with PE welding wire. The best bending test result with the longest elongation is PE with PE welding wire with a bending test value of 179.03 kgf/mm². The microstructure was all described in Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) observations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermoplastic%20polymers" title="thermoplastic polymers">thermoplastic polymers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bending%20test" title=" bending test"> bending test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyethylene%20%28PE%29" title=" polyethylene (PE)"> polyethylene (PE)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polypropylene%20%28PP%29" title=" polypropylene (PP)"> polypropylene (PP)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyvinyl%20chloride%20%28PVC%29" title=" polyvinyl chloride (PVC)"> polyvinyl chloride (PVC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot%20gas%20welding" title=" hot gas welding"> hot gas welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bending%20test" title=" bending test"> bending test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136833/bending-test-characteristics-for-splicing-of-thermoplastic-polymer-using-hot-gas-welding" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136833.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">202</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1272</span> Friction Stir Welding Process as a Solid State Joining -A Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Anees%20Siddiqui">Mohd Anees Siddiqui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20H.%20Jafri"> S. A. H. Jafri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahnawaz%20Alam"> Shahnawaz Alam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Through this paper an attempt is made to review a special welding technology of friction stir welding (FSW) which is a solid-state joining. Friction stir welding is used for joining of two plates which are applied compressive force by using fixtures over the work table. This is a non consumable type welding technique in which a rotating tool of cylindrical shape is used. Process parameters such as tool geometry, joint design and process speed are discussed in the paper. Comparative study of Friction stir welding with other welding techniques such as MIG, TIG & GMAW is also done. Some light is put on several major applications of friction stir welding in different industries. Quality and environmental aspects of friction stir welding is also discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20stir%20welding%20%28FSW%29" title="friction stir welding (FSW)">friction stir welding (FSW)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20parameters" title=" process parameters"> process parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tool" title=" tool"> tool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20state%20joining%20processes" title=" solid state joining processes "> solid state joining processes </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24239/friction-stir-welding-process-as-a-solid-state-joining-a-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24239.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">502</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1271</span> Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of SA 210 Gr. C Pipes Welded by Tungsten Inert Gas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Demirta%C5%9F">H. Demirtaş</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C4%B0.%20H.%20Kara"> İ. H. Kara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Ahlatc%C4%B1"> H. Ahlatcı</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Welding failures of steel pipes in power plants usually occur in weld zones. This is similar for the economizer, water walls and superheaters in the power plants where SA 210 Gr. C steel pipes are used. Although these steel pipes have very good welding properties, the welding parameters are also important for the welding life. Welding processes of this pipes are carried out by TIG and SMA techniques. In this study SA 210 Gr. C steel pipes were welded by TIG method and investigated how PWHT affected the welding properties. The results show that this steel does not require post weld heat treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SA%20210%20Gr.%20C%20steel%20pipes" title="SA 210 Gr. C steel pipes">SA 210 Gr. C steel pipes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TIG%20welding" title=" TIG welding"> TIG welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HAZ%20region" title=" HAZ region"> HAZ region</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Widmanstatten%20ferrite" title=" Widmanstatten ferrite"> Widmanstatten ferrite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62986/mechanical-and-microstructural-properties-of-sa-210-gr-c-pipes-welded-by-tungsten-inert-gas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62986.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1270</span> Operational Advantages of Tungsten Inert Gas over Metal Inert Gas Welding Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20Ogundimu">Emmanuel Ogundimu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esther%20Akinlabi"> Esther Akinlabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mutiu%20Erinosho"> Mutiu Erinosho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this research, studies were done on the material characterization of type 304 austenitic stainless steel weld produced by TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) and MIG (Metal Inert Gas) welding processes. This research is aimed to establish optimized process parameters that will result in a defect-free weld joint, homogenous distribution of the iron (Fe), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) was observed at the welded joint of all the six samples. The welded sample produced at the current of 170 A by TIG welding process had the highest ultimate tensile strength (UTS) value of 621 MPa at the welds zone, and the welded sample produced by MIG process at the welding current of 150 A had the lowest UTS value of 568 MPa. However, it was established that TIG welding process is more appropriate for the welding of type 304 austenitic stainless steel compared to the MIG welding process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microhardness" title="microhardness">microhardness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensile" title=" tensile"> tensile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MIG%20welding" title=" MIG welding"> MIG welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process" title=" process"> process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensile" title=" tensile"> tensile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20stress%20TIG%20welding" title=" shear stress TIG welding"> shear stress TIG welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TIG-MIG%20welding" title=" TIG-MIG welding"> TIG-MIG welding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104565/operational-advantages-of-tungsten-inert-gas-over-metal-inert-gas-welding-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104565.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1269</span> Development of Orbital TIG Welding Robot System for the Pipe</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dongho%20Kim">Dongho Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung%20Choi"> Sung Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyowoong%20Pee"> Kyowoong Pee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youngsik%20Cho"> Youngsik Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seungwoo%20Jeong"> Seungwoo Jeong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soo-Ho%20Kim"> Soo-Ho Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is about the orbital TIG welding robot system which travels on the guide rail installed on the pipe, and welds and tracks the pipe seam using the LVS (Laser Vision Sensor) joint profile data. The orbital welding robot system consists of the robot, welder, controller, and LVS. Moreover we can define the relationship between welding travel speed and wire feed speed, and we can make the linear equation using the maximum and minimum amount of weld metal. Using the linear equation we can determine the welding travel speed and the wire feed speed accurately corresponding to the area of weld captured by LVS. We applied this orbital TIG welding robot system to the stainless steel or duplex pipe on DSME (Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering Co. Ltd.,) shipyard and the result of radiographic test is almost perfect. (Defect rate: 0.033%). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20welding" title="adaptive welding">adaptive welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20welding" title=" automatic welding"> automatic welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pipe%20welding" title=" pipe welding"> pipe welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orbital%20welding" title=" orbital welding"> orbital welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20vision%20sensor" title=" laser vision sensor"> laser vision sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LVS" title=" LVS"> LVS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welding%20D%2FB" title=" welding D/B "> welding D/B </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1631/development-of-orbital-tig-welding-robot-system-for-the-pipe" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1631.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">688</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1268</span> The Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Joining Processes for Air Conditioning Systems </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.St.%20W%C4%99glowski">M.St. Węglowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Miara"> D. Miara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20B%C5%82acha"> S. Błacha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Dworak"> J. Dworak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Ryka%C5%82a"> J. Rykała</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Kwieci%C5%84ski"> K. Kwieciński</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Piku%C5%82a"> J. Pikuła</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Ziobro"> G. Ziobro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Szafron"> A. Szafron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Zimierska-Nowak"> P. Zimierska-Nowak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Richert"> M. Richert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Noga"> P. Noga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the paper the results of welding of car’s air-conditioning elements are presented. These systems based on, mainly, the environmental unfriendly refrigerants. Thus, the producers of cars will have to stop using traditional refrigerant and to change it to carbon dioxide (R744). This refrigerant is environmental friendly. However, it should be noted that the air condition system working with R744 refrigerant operates at high temperature (up to 150 °C) and high pressure (up to 130 bar). These two parameters are much higher than for other refrigerants. Thus new materials, design as well as joining technologies are strongly needed for these systems. AISI 304 and 316L steels as well as aluminium alloys 5xxx are ranked among the prospective materials. As a joining process laser welding, plasma welding, electron beam welding as well as high rotary friction welding can be applied. In the study, the metallographic examination based on light microscopy as well as SEM was applied to estimate the quality of welded joints. The analysis of welding was supported by numerical modelling based on Sysweld software. The results indicated that using laser, plasma and electron beam welding, it is possible to obtain proper quality of welds in stainless steel. Moreover, high rotary friction welding allows to guarantee the metallic continuity in the aluminium welded area. The metallographic examination revealed that the grain growth in the heat affected zone (HAZ) in laser and electron beam welded joints were not observed. It is due to low heat input and short welding time. The grain growth and subgrains can be observed at room temperature when the solidification mode is austenitic. This caused low microstructural changes during solidification. The columnar grain structure was found in the weld metal. Meanwhile, the equiaxed grains were detected in the interface. The numerical modelling of laser welding process allowed to estimate the temperature profile in the welded joint as well as predicts the dimensions of welds. The agreement between FEM analysis and experimental data was achieved.   <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=car%E2%80%99s%20air%E2%80%93conditioning" title="car’s air–conditioning">car’s air–conditioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20modelling" title=" numerical modelling"> numerical modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welding" title=" welding"> welding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67790/the-experimental-and-numerical-analysis-of-the-joining-processes-for-air-conditioning-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67790.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">408</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1267</span> Effect of Welding Current on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Tungsten Inert Gas Welding of Type-304 Austenite Stainless Steel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20Ogundimu">Emmanuel Ogundimu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esther%20Akinlabi"> Esther Akinlabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mutiu%20Erinosho"> Mutiu Erinosho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this paper is to study the effect of welding current on the microstructure and the mechanical properties. Material characterizations were conducted on a 6 mm thick plates of type-304 austenite stainless steel, welded by TIG welding process at two different welding currents of 150 A (Sample F3) and 170 A (Sample F4). The tensile strength and the elongation obtained from sample F4 weld were approximately 584 MPa and 19.3 %; which were higher than sample F3 weld. The average microhardness value of sample F4 weld was found to be 235.7 HV, while that of sample F3 weld was 233.4 HV respectively. Homogenous distribution of iron (Fe), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) were observed at the welded joint of the two samples. The energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis revealed that Fe, Cr, and Ni made up the composition formed in the weld zone. The optimum welding current of 170 A for TIG welding of type-304 austenite stainless steel can be recommended for high-tech industrial applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microhardness" title="microhardness">microhardness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensile" title=" tensile"> tensile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MIG%20welding" title=" MIG welding"> MIG welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process" title=" process"> process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensile" title=" tensile"> tensile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20stress%20TIG%20welding" title=" shear stress TIG welding"> shear stress TIG welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TIG-MIG%20welding" title=" TIG-MIG welding"> TIG-MIG welding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104566/effect-of-welding-current-on-mechanical-properties-and-microstructure-of-tungsten-inert-gas-welding-of-type-304-austenite-stainless-steel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104566.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">194</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1266</span> Characterization of Two Hybrid Welding Techniques on SA 516 Grade 70 Weldments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20T.%20Z.%20Butt">M. T. Z. Butt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Ahmad"> T. Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20A.%20Siddiqui"> N. A. Siddiqui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Commercially SA 516 Grade 70 is frequently used for the manufacturing of pressure vessels, boilers and storage tanks etc. in fabrication industry. Heat input is the major parameter during welding that may bring significant changes in the microstructure as well as the mechanical properties. Different welding technique has different heat input rate per unit surface area. Materials with large thickness are dealt with different combination of welding techniques to achieve required mechanical properties. In the present research two schemes: Scheme 1: SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) & GTAW (Gas Tungsten Arc Welding) and Scheme 2: SMAW & SAW (Submerged Arc Welding) of hybrid welding techniques have been studied. The purpose of these schemes was to study hybrid welding effect on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the weldment, heat affected zone and base metal area. It is significant to note that the thickness of base plate was 12 mm, also welding conditions and parameters were set according to ASME Section IX. It was observed that two different hybrid welding techniques performed on two different plates demonstrated that the mechanical properties of both schemes are more or less similar. It means that the heat input, welding techniques and varying welding operating conditions & temperatures did not make any detrimental effect on the mechanical properties. Hence, the hybrid welding techniques mentioned in the present study are favorable to implicate for the industry using the plate thickness around 12 mm thick. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grade%2070" title="grade 70">grade 70</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GTAW" title=" GTAW"> GTAW</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20welding" title=" hybrid welding"> hybrid welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SAW" title=" SAW"> SAW</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SMAW" title=" SMAW"> SMAW</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51031/characterization-of-two-hybrid-welding-techniques-on-sa-516-grade-70-weldments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51031.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1265</span> Optimisation of Nitrogen as a Protective Gas via the Alternating Shielding Gas Technique in the Gas Metal Arc Welding Process </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20P.%20E.%20E%20Silva">M. P. E. E Silva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Galloway"> A. M. Galloway</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20I.%20Toumpis"> A. I. Toumpis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An increasing concern exists in the welding industry in terms of faster joining processes. Methods such as the alternation between shielding gases such Ar, CO₂ and He have been able to provide improved penetration of the joint, reduced heat transfer to the workpiece, and increased travel speeds of the welding torch. Nitrogen as a shielding gas is not desirable due to its reactive behavior within the arc plasma, being absorbed by the molten pool during the welding process. Below certain amounts, nitrogen is not harmful. However, the nitrogen threshold is reduced during the solidification of the joint, and if its subsequent desorption is not completed on time, gas entrapment and blowhole formation may occur. The present study expanded the use of the alternating shielding gas method in the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process by alternately supplying Ar/5%N₂ and He. Improvements were introduced in terms of joint strength and grain refinement. Microstructural characterization findings showed porosity-free welds with reduced inclusion formation while mechanical tests such as tensile and bend tests confirmed the reinforcement of the joint by the addition of nitrogen. Additionally, significant reductions of the final distortion of the workpiece were found after the welding procedure as well as decreased heat affected zones and temperatures of the weld. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alternating%20shielding%20gas%20method" title="alternating shielding gas method">alternating shielding gas method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GMAW" title=" GMAW"> GMAW</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grain%20refinement" title=" grain refinement"> grain refinement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrogen" title=" nitrogen"> nitrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porosity" title=" porosity"> porosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20testing" title=" mechanical testing"> mechanical testing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105182/optimisation-of-nitrogen-as-a-protective-gas-via-the-alternating-shielding-gas-technique-in-the-gas-metal-arc-welding-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105182.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">110</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1264</span> Wobbled Laser Beam Welding for Macro-to Micro-Fabrication Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farzad%20Vakili-Farahani">Farzad Vakili-Farahani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joern%20Lungershausen"> Joern Lungershausen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kilian%20Wasmer"> Kilian Wasmer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wobbled laser beam welding, fast oscillations of a tiny laser beam within a designed path (weld geometry) during the laser pulse illumination, opens new possibilities to improve the marco-to micro-manufacturing process. The present work introduces the wobbled laser beam welding as a robust welding strategy for improving macro-to micro-fabrication process, e.g., the laser processing for gap-bridging and packaging industry. The typical requisites and relevant equipment for the development of a wobbled laser processing unit are addressed, including a suitable laser source, light delivery system, optics, proper beam deflection system and the design geometry. In addition, experiments have been carried out on titanium plate to compare the results of wobbled laser welding with conventional pulsed laser welding. As compared to the pulsed laser welding, the wobbled laser welding offers a much greater fusion area (i.e. additional molten material) while minimizing the HAZ and provides a better confinement of the material microstructural changes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wobbled%20laser%20beam%20welding" title="wobbled laser beam welding">wobbled laser beam welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wobbling%20function" title=" wobbling function"> wobbling function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beam%20oscillation" title=" beam oscillation"> beam oscillation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro%20welding" title=" micro welding"> micro welding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56603/wobbled-laser-beam-welding-for-macro-to-micro-fabrication-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56603.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">328</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1263</span> Effect of Heat Treatment on the Microstructural Evolution in Weld Region of X70 Pipeline Steel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Digheche">K. Digheche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Saadi"> K. Saadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Boumerzoug"> Z. Boumerzoug</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Welding is one of the most important technological processes used in many branches of industry such as industrial engineering, shipbuilding, pipeline fabrication among others. Generally, welding is the preferred joining method and most common steels are weldable. This investigation is a contribution to scientific work of welding of low carbon steel. This work presents the results of the isothermal heat treatment effect at 200, 400 and 600 °C on microstructural evolution in weld region of X70 pipeline steel. The welding process has been realized in three passes by industrial arc welding. We have found that the heat treatments cause grain growth reaction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20treatments" title="heat treatments">heat treatments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20carbon%20steel" title=" low carbon steel"> low carbon steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructures" title=" microstructures"> microstructures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welding" title=" welding"> welding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18352/effect-of-heat-treatment-on-the-microstructural-evolution-in-weld-region-of-x70-pipeline-steel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18352.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">460</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1262</span> BLDC Motor Design Considering Core Loss Caused by Welding</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun-Seok%20Hong">Hyun-Seok Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=In-Gun%20Kim"> In-Gun Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ye-Jun%20Oh"> Ye-Jun Oh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ju%20Lee"> Ju Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper deals with the effects of welding performed for the manufacture of laminations in a stator in the case of prototype motors that are manufactured in small quantity. As a result of performing the no-load test for an IPM (interior permanent magnet)-type BLDC (blushless direct current) motor manufactured by welding both inside and outside of the stator, it was found that more DC input than expected was provided. To verify the effects of welding, a stator was re-manufactured by bonding, and DC inputs provided during the no-load test were compared. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welding" title="welding">welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stator" title=" stator"> stator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eddy%20current" title=" Eddy current"> Eddy current</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BLDC" title=" BLDC"> BLDC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41389/bldc-motor-design-considering-core-loss-caused-by-welding" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41389.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">563</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1261</span> Effect of Vibration Amplitude and Welding Force on Weld Strength of Ultrasonic Metal Welding</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ziad.%20Sh.%20Al%20Sarraf">Ziad. Sh. Al Sarraf</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ultrasonic metal welding has been the subject of ongoing research and development, most recently concentrating on metal joining in miniature devices, for example to allow solder-free wire bonding. As well as at the small scale, there are also opportunities to research the joining of thicker sheet metals and to widen the range of similar and dissimilar materials that can be successfully joined using this technology. This study presents the design, characterisation and test of a lateral-drive ultrasonic metal spot welding device. The ultrasonic metal spot welding horn is modelled using finite element analysis (FEA) and its vibration behaviour is characterised experimentally to ensure ultrasonic energy is delivered effectively to the weld coupon. The welding stack and fixtures are then designed and mounted on a test machine to allow a series of experiments to be conducted for various welding and ultrasonic parameters. Weld strength is subsequently analysed using tensile-shear tests. The results show how the weld strength is particularly sensitive to the combination of clamping force and ultrasonic vibration amplitude of the welding tip, but there are optimal combinations of these and also limits that must be clearly identified. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasonic%20welding" title="ultrasonic welding">ultrasonic welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vibration%20amplitude" title=" vibration amplitude"> vibration amplitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welding%20force" title=" welding force"> welding force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weld%20strength" title=" weld strength"> weld strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41161/effect-of-vibration-amplitude-and-welding-force-on-weld-strength-of-ultrasonic-metal-welding" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41161.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">368</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1260</span> Modelling Magnetohydrodynamics to Investigate Variation of Shielding Gases on Arc Characteristics in the GTAW Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stuart%20W.%20Campbell">Stuart W. Campbell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20M.%20Galloway"> Alexander M. Galloway</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norman%20A.%20McPherson"> Norman A. McPherson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Duncan%20Camilleri"> Duncan Camilleri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Micallef"> Daniel Micallef</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gas tungsten arc welding requires a gas shield to be present in order to protect the arc area from contamination by atmospheric gases. As a result of each gas having its own unique thermophysical properties, the shielding gas selected can have a major influence on the arc stability, welding speed, weld appearance and geometry, mechanical properties and fume generation. Alternating shielding gases is a relatively new method of discreetly supplying two different shielding gases to the welding region in order to take advantage of the beneficial properties of each gas, as well as the inherent pulsing effects generated. As part of an ongoing process to fully evaluate the effects of this novel supply method, a computational fluid dynamics model has been generated to include the gas dependent thermodynamic and transport properties in order to evaluate the effects that an alternating gas supply has on the arc plasma. Experimental trials have also been conducted to validate the model arc profile predictions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alternating%20shielding%20gases" title="Alternating shielding gases">Alternating shielding gases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ANSYS%20CFX" title=" ANSYS CFX"> ANSYS CFX</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gas%20tungsten%20arc%20welding%28GTAW%29" title=" Gas tungsten arc welding(GTAW)"> Gas tungsten arc welding(GTAW)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetohydrodynamics%28MHD%29" title=" magnetohydrodynamics(MHD)"> magnetohydrodynamics(MHD)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7607/modelling-magnetohydrodynamics-to-investigate-variation-of-shielding-gases-on-arc-characteristics-in-the-gtaw-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7607.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">436</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1259</span> Friction Stir Welding of Al-Mg-Mn Aluminum Alloy Plates: A Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Subbaiah">K. Subbaiah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20V.%20Jayakumar"> C. V. Jayakumar </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Friction stir welding is a solid state welding process. Friction stir welding process eliminates the defects found in fusion welding processes. It is environmentally friend process. 5000 and 6000 series aluminum alloys are widely used in the transportation industries. The Al-Mg-Mn (5000) and Al-Mg-Si (6000) alloys are preferably offer best combination of use in Marine construction. The medium strength and high corrosion resistant 5000 series alloys are the aluminum alloys, which are found maximum utility in the world. In this review, the tool pin profile, process parameters such as hardness, yield strength and tensile strength, and microstructural evolution of friction stir welding of Al-Mg-Mn alloys (5000 Series) have been discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al-Mg-Mn%20alloys" title="Al-Mg-Mn alloys">Al-Mg-Mn alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20stir%20welding" title=" friction stir welding"> friction stir welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tool%20pin%20profile" title=" tool pin profile"> tool pin profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure%20and%20mechanical%20properties" title=" microstructure and mechanical properties"> microstructure and mechanical properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17095/friction-stir-welding-of-al-mg-mn-aluminum-alloy-plates-a-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17095.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">441</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1258</span> Friction Stir Welding of Aluminum Alloys: A Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20K.%20Tiwari">S. K. Tiwari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dinesh%20Kumar%20Shukla"> Dinesh Kumar Shukla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Chandra"> R. Chandra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Friction stir welding is a solid state joining process. High strength aluminum alloys are widely used in aircraft and marine industries. Generally, the mechanical properties of fusion-welded aluminum joints are poor. As friction stir welding occurs in the solid state, no solidification structures are created thereby eliminating the brittle and eutectic phases common in fusion welding of high strength aluminum alloys. In this review, the process parameters, microstructural evolution and effect of friction stir welding on the properties of weld specific to aluminum alloys have been discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminum%20alloys" title="aluminum alloys">aluminum alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20stir%20welding%20%28FSW%29" title=" friction stir welding (FSW)"> friction stir welding (FSW)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Properties." title=" Properties. "> Properties. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2141/friction-stir-welding-of-aluminum-alloys-a-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2141.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">416</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1257</span> Study of the Effect of Inclusion of TiO2 in Active Flux on Submerged Arc Welding of Low Carbon Mild Steel Plate and Parametric Optimization of the Process by Using DEA Based Bat Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheetal%20Kumar%20Parwar">Sheetal Kumar Parwar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Deb%20Barma"> J. Deb Barma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Majumder"> A. Majumder</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Submerged arc welding is a very complex process. It is a very efficient and high performance welding process. In this present study an attempt have been done to reduce the welding distortion by increased amount of oxide flux through TiO2 in submerged arc welding process. Care has been taken to avoid the excessiveness of the adding agent for attainment of significant results. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) based BAT algorithm is used for the parametric optimization purpose in which DEA Data Envelopment Analysis is used to convert multi response parameters into a single response parameter. The present study also helps to know the effectiveness of the addition of TiO2 in active flux during submerged arc welding process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BAT%20algorithm" title="BAT algorithm">BAT algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20of%20experiment" title=" design of experiment"> design of experiment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=submerged%20arc%20welding" title=" submerged arc welding"> submerged arc welding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30180/study-of-the-effect-of-inclusion-of-tio2-in-active-flux-on-submerged-arc-welding-of-low-carbon-mild-steel-plate-and-parametric-optimization-of-the-process-by-using-dea-based-bat-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30180.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">639</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1256</span> Resistance Spot Welding of Boron Steel 22MnB5 with Complex Welding Programs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Szymon%20Kowieski">Szymon Kowieski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zygmunt%20Mikno"> Zygmunt Mikno</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study involved the optimization of process parameters during resistance spot welding of Al-coated martensitic boron steel 22MnB5, applied in hot stamping, performed using a programme with a multiple current impulse mode and a programme with variable pressure force. The aim of this research work was to determine the possibilities of a growth in welded joint strength and to identify the expansion of a welding lobe. The process parameters were adjusted on the basis of welding process simulation and confronted with experimental data. 22MnB5 steel is known for its tendency to obtain high hardness values in weld nuggets, often leading to interfacial failures (observed in the study-related tests). In addition, during resistance spot welding, many production-related factors can affect process stability, e.g. welding lobe narrowing, and lead to the deterioration of quality. Resistance spot welding performed using the above-named welding programme featuring 3 levels of force made it possible to achieve 82% of welding lobe extension. Joints made using the multiple current impulse program, where the total welding time was below 1.4s, revealed a change in a peeling mode (to full plug) and an increase in weld tensile shear strength of 10%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=22MnB5" title="22MnB5">22MnB5</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot%20stamping" title=" hot stamping"> hot stamping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20fracture" title=" interfacial fracture"> interfacial fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistance%20spot%20welding" title=" resistance spot welding"> resistance spot welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20lap%20joint" title=" single lap joint"> single lap joint</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welding%20lobe" title=" welding lobe"> welding lobe</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68990/resistance-spot-welding-of-boron-steel-22mnb5-with-complex-welding-programs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68990.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">386</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1255</span> Effect of Welding Processes on Tensile Behavior of Aluminum Alloy Joints</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chaitanya%20Sharma">Chaitanya Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vikas%20Upadhyay"> Vikas Upadhyay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Tripathi"> A. Tripathi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Friction stir welding and tungsten inert gas welding techniques were employed to weld armor grade aluminum alloy to investigate the effect of welding processes on tensile behavior of weld joints. Tensile tests, Vicker microhardness tests and optical microscopy were performed on developed weld joints and base metal. Welding process influenced tensile behavior and microstructure of weld joints. Friction stir welded joints showed tensile behavior better than tungsten inert gas weld joints. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20stir%20welding" title="friction stir welding">friction stir welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensile%20properties" title=" tensile properties"> tensile properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture%20locations" title=" fracture locations"> fracture locations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40159/effect-of-welding-processes-on-tensile-behavior-of-aluminum-alloy-joints" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40159.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">447</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1254</span> Review of Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar 5000 and 6000 Series Aluminum Alloy Plates</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Subbaiah">K. Subbaiah </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Friction stir welding is a solid state welding process. Friction stir welding process eliminates the defects found in fusion welding processes. It is environmentally friend process. 5000 and 6000 series aluminum alloys are widely used in the transportation industries. The Al-Mg-Mn (5000) and Al-Mg-Si (6000) alloys are preferably offer best combination of use in Marine construction. The medium strength and high corrosion resistant 5000 series alloys are the aluminum alloys, which are found maximum utility in the world. In this review, the tool pin profile, process parameters such as hardness, yield strength and tensile strength, and microstructural evolution of friction stir welding of Al-Mg alloys 5000 Series and 6000 series have been discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=5000%20series%20and%206000%20series%20Al%20alloys" title="5000 series and 6000 series Al alloys">5000 series and 6000 series Al alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20stir%20welding" title=" friction stir welding"> friction stir welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tool%20pin%20profile" title=" tool pin profile"> tool pin profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure%20and%20properties" title=" microstructure and properties"> microstructure and properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17281/review-of-friction-stir-welding-of-dissimilar-5000-and-6000-series-aluminum-alloy-plates" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17281.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">465</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1253</span> Design, Analysis and Construction of a 250vac 8amps Arc Welding Machine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anthony%20Okechukwu%20Ifediniru">Anthony Okechukwu Ifediniru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Austin%20Ikechukwu%20Gbasouzor"> Austin Ikechukwu Gbasouzor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isidore%20Uche%20Uju"> Isidore Uche Uju</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article is centered on the design, analysis, construction, and test of a locally made arc welding machine that operates on 250vac with 8 amp output taps ranging from 60vac to 250vac at a fixed frequency, which is of benefit to urban areas; while considering its cost-effectiveness, strength, portability, and mobility. The welding machine uses a power supply to create an electric arc between an electrode and the metal at the welding point. A current selector coil needed for current selection is connected to the primary winding. Electric power is supplied to the primary winding of its transformer and is transferred to the secondary winding by induction. The voltage and current output of the secondary winding are connected to the output terminal, which is used to carry out welding work. The output current of the machine ranges from 110amps for low current welding to 250amps for high current welding. The machine uses a step-down transformer configuration for stepping down the voltage in order to obtain a high current level for effective welding. The welder can adjust the output current within a certain range. This allows the welder to properly set the output current for the type of welding that is being performed. The constructed arc welding machine was tested by connecting the work piece to it. Since there was no shock or spark from the transformer’s laminated core and was successfully used to join metals, it confirmed and validated the design. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AC%20current" title="AC current">AC current</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arc%20welding%20machine" title=" arc welding machine"> arc welding machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DC%20current" title=" DC current"> DC current</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transformer" title=" transformer"> transformer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welds" title=" welds"> welds</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125450/design-analysis-and-construction-of-a-250vac-8amps-arc-welding-machine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125450.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">181</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1252</span> Optimization of Submerged Arc Welding Parameters for Joining SS304 and MS1018</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jasvinder%20Singh">Jasvinder Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manjinder%20Singh"> Manjinder Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Welding of dissimilar materials is a complicated process due to the difference in melting point of two materials. Thermal conductivity and coefficient of thermal expansion of dissimilar materials also different; therefore, residual stresses produced in the weldment and base metal are the most critical problem associated with the joining of dissimilar materials. Tensile strength and impact toughness also reduced due to the residual stresses. In the present research work, an attempt has been made to weld SS304 and MS1018 dissimilar materials by submerged arc welding (SAW). By conducting trail, runs most effective parameters welding current, Arc voltage, welding speed and nozzle to plate distance were selected to weld these materials. The fractional factorial technique was used to optimize the welding parameters. Effect on tensile strength (TS), fracture toughness (FT) and microhardness of weldment were studied. It was concluded that by optimizing welding current, voltage and welding speed the properties of weldment can be enhanced. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SAW" title="SAW">SAW</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tensile%20Strength%20%28TS%29" title=" Tensile Strength (TS)"> Tensile Strength (TS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture%20toughness" title=" fracture toughness"> fracture toughness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro%20hardness" title=" micro hardness"> micro hardness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34147/optimization-of-submerged-arc-welding-parameters-for-joining-ss304-and-ms1018" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34147.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">538</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1251</span> Basic Characteristics and Prospects of Synchronized Stir Welding</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shoji%20Matsumoto">Shoji Matsumoto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Friction Stir Welding (FSW) has been widely used in the automotive, aerospace, and high-tech industries due to its superior mechanical properties after welding. However, when it becomes a matter to perform a high-quality joint using FSW, it is necessary to secure an advanced tilt angle (usually 1 to 5 degrees) using a dedicated FSW machine and to use a joint structure and a restraining jig that can withstand the tool pressure applied during the jointing process using a highly rigid processing machine. One issue that has become a challenge in this process is ‘productivity and versatility’. To solve this problem, we have conducted research and development of multi-functioning machines and robotics with FSW tools, which combine cutting/milling and FSW functions as one in recent years. However, the narrow process window makes it prone to welding defects and lacks repeatability, which makes a limitation for FSW its use in the fields where precisions required. Another reason why FSW machines are not widely used in the world is because of the matter of very high cost of ownership. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synchronized" title="synchronized">synchronized</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stir" title=" stir"> stir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welding" title=" welding"> welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction" title=" friction"> friction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traveling%20speed" title=" traveling speed"> traveling speed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synchronized%20stir%20welding" title=" synchronized stir welding"> synchronized stir welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20stir%20welding" title=" friction stir welding"> friction stir welding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186305/basic-characteristics-and-prospects-of-synchronized-stir-welding" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186305.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">53</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1250</span> Experimental Research of Corrosion Resistance Desalination Plant Pipe According to Weld Overlay Layers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ryu%20Wonjin">Ryu Wonjin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Choi%20Hyeok"> Choi Hyeok</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Park%20Joonhong"> Park Joonhong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Overlay welding for improving surface properties is a method of the surface treatments which improve surface properties of material by welding materials of alloy having corrosion resistance on the basic material surface. Overlay welding affects contents of chemical components and weld hardness from different parts by dilution of the lamination layer thickness, and it determines surface properties. Therefore, overlay welding has to take into account thickness of the lamination layers with the process. As a result in this study examined contents of Fe, weldability of the base metal and monel materials, hardness and surface flatness from different parts according to each the lamination layer parameters by overlay welding monel materials with corrosion resources to the base material of carbon steel. Through this, evaluated effect by the lamination layer parameters of welding and presented decision methods of the lamination layer parameters of the overlay welding by the purpose of use. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clad%20pipe" title="clad pipe">clad pipe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lamination%20layer%20parameters" title=" lamination layer parameters"> lamination layer parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monel" title=" monel"> monel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=overlay%20welding" title=" overlay welding"> overlay welding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54053/experimental-research-of-corrosion-resistance-desalination-plant-pipe-according-to-weld-overlay-layers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54053.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">273</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1249</span> Hybrid Laser-Gas Metal Arc Welding of ASTM A106-B Steel Pipes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masoud%20Mohammadpour">Masoud Mohammadpour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nima%20Yazdian"> Nima Yazdian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radovan%20Kovacevic"> Radovan Kovacevic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Oil and Gas industries are vigorously looking for new ways to increase the efficiency of their pipeline constructions. Besides the other approaches, implementing of new welding methods for joining pipes can be the best candidate on this regard. Hybrid Laser Arc Welding (HLAW) with the capabilities of high welding speed, deep penetration, and excellent gap bridging ability can be a possible alternative method in pipeline girth welding. This paper investigates the feasibility of applying the HLAW to join ASTM A106-B as the mostly used piping material for transporting high-temperature and high-pressure fluids and gases. The experiments were carried out on six-inch diameter pipes with the wall thickness of 10mm. AWS ER 70 S6 filler wire with diameter of 1.2mm was employed. Relating to this welding procedure, characterization of welded samples such as hardness, tensile testing and Charpy V-notch testing were performed and the results will be reported in this paper. In order to have better understanding about the thermal history and the microstructural alterations caused by the welding heat cycle, a comprehensive Finite Element (FE) model was also conducted. The obtained results have shown that the Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) procedure with the minimum number of 5 passes to complete the wall thickness, was reduced to only single pass by using the HLAW process with the welding time less than 15s. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20modeling" title="finite element modeling">finite element modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-temperature%20service" title=" high-temperature service"> high-temperature service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20laser%2Farc%20welding" title=" hybrid laser/arc welding"> hybrid laser/arc welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welding%20pipes" title=" welding pipes"> welding pipes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81181/hybrid-laser-gas-metal-arc-welding-of-astm-a106-b-steel-pipes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81181.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">207</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1248</span> Laser Micro-Welding of an Isomorphous System with Different Geometries: An Investigation on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of the Joint</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Amne%20Elahi">Mahdi Amne Elahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcus%20Koch"> Marcus Koch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Plapper"> Peter Plapper</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to the demand of miniaturizing in automotive industry, the application of laser welding is quite promising. The current study focused on laser micro-welding of CuSn6 bronze and nickel wire for a miniature electromechanical hybrid component. Due to the advantages of laser welding, the welding can be tailored specifically for the requirements of the part. Scanning electron and optical microscopy were implemented to study the microstructure and tensile-shear test was selected to represent the mechanical properties. Different welding sides, beam oscillations, and speeds have been investigated to optimize the tensile-shear load and microstructure. The results show that the mechanical properties and microstructure of the joint is highly under the influence of the mentioned parameters. Due to the lack of intermetallic compounds, the soundness of the joint is achievable by manipulating the geometry of the weld seam and minimize weld defects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bronze" title="bronze">bronze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20micro-welding" title=" laser micro-welding"> laser micro-welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nickel" title=" nickel"> nickel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensile%20shear%20test" title=" tensile shear test"> tensile shear test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103859/laser-micro-welding-of-an-isomorphous-system-with-different-geometries-an-investigation-on-the-mechanical-properties-and-microstructure-of-the-joint" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103859.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1247</span> Welding Process Selection for Storage Tank by Integrated Data Envelopment Analysis and Fuzzy Credibility Constrained Programming Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahmad%20Wisnu%20Wardana">Rahmad Wisnu Wardana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eakachai%20Warinsiriruk"> Eakachai Warinsiriruk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sutep%20Joy-A-Ka"> Sutep Joy-A-Ka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Selecting the most suitable welding process usually depends on experiences or common application in similar companies. However, this approach generally ignores many criteria that can be affecting the suitable welding process selection. Therefore, knowledge automation through knowledge-based systems will significantly improve the decision-making process. The aims of this research propose integrated data envelopment analysis (DEA) and fuzzy credibility constrained programming approach for identifying the best welding process for stainless steel storage tank in the food and beverage industry. The proposed approach uses fuzzy concept and credibility measure to deal with uncertain data from experts' judgment. Furthermore, 12 parameters are used to determine the most appropriate welding processes among six competitive welding processes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welding%20process%20selection" title="welding process selection">welding process selection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20envelopment%20analysis" title=" data envelopment analysis"> data envelopment analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20credibility%20constrained%20programming" title=" fuzzy credibility constrained programming"> fuzzy credibility constrained programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=storage%20tank" title=" storage tank"> storage tank</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96188/welding-process-selection-for-storage-tank-by-integrated-data-envelopment-analysis-and-fuzzy-credibility-constrained-programming-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96188.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20arc%20welding&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20arc%20welding&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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