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Nisar</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Asim Nisar"> <meta name="keywords" content="Asim Nisar"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Asim Nisar"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 20</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Asim Nisar</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Coupled Multifield Analysis of Piezoelectrically Actuated Microfluidic Device for Transdermal Drug Delivery Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Muhammad%20Waseem%20Ashraf">Muhammad Waseem Ashraf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shahzadi%20Tayyaba"> Shahzadi Tayyaba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nitin%20Afzulpurkar"> Nitin Afzulpurkar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Asim%20Nisar"> Asim Nisar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Adisorn%20Tuantranont"> Adisorn Tuantranont</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Erik%20L%20J%20Bohez"> Erik L J Bohez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, design, fabrication and coupled multifield analysis of hollow out-of-plane silicon microneedle array with piezoelectrically actuated microfluidic device for transdermal drug delivery (TDD) applications is presented. The fabrication process of silicon microneedle array is first done by series of combined isotropic and anisotropic etching processes using inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching technology. Then coupled multifield analysis of MEMS based piezoelectrically actuated device with integrated 2×2 silicon microneedle array is presented. To predict the stress distribution and model fluid flow in coupled field analysis, finite element (FE) and computational fluid dynamic (CFD) analysis using ANSYS rather than analytical systems has been performed. Static analysis and transient CFD analysis were performed to predict the fluid flow through the microneedle array. The inlet pressure from 10 kPa to 150 kPa was considered for static CFD analysis. In the lumen region fluid flow rate 3.2946 μL/min is obtained at 150 V for 2×2 microneedle array. In the present study the authors have performed simulation of structural, piezoelectric and CFD analysis on three dimensional model of the piezoelectrically actuated mcirofluidic device integrated with 2×2 microneedle array. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Coupled%20multifield" title="Coupled multifield">Coupled multifield</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis" title=" finite element analysis"> finite element analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=hollow%20silicon%20microneedle" title=" hollow silicon microneedle"> hollow silicon microneedle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=transdermal%20drug%20delivery." title=" transdermal drug delivery."> transdermal drug delivery.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8091/coupled-multifield-analysis-of-piezoelectrically-actuated-microfluidic-device-for-transdermal-drug-delivery-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8091/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8091/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8091/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8091/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8091/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8091/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8091/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8091/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8091/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8091/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8091.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1854</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Wangle the Organizational Internal and External Knowledge – A New Horizon for Sustaining the Business Stability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Asim%20N.">Asim N.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Mazhar%20Manzoor"> M. Mazhar Manzoor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shariq%20A."> Shariq A.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Knowledge is renowned as a significant component for sustaining competitive advantage and gives leading edge in business. This study emphasizes towards proper and effectuate utilization of internal and external (both either explicit or tacit) knowledge comes from stakeholders, highly supportive to combat with the challenges and enhance organizational productivity. Furthermore, it proposed a model under context of IRSA framework which facilitates the organization including flow of knowledge and experience sharing among employees. In discussion section an innovative model which indulges all functionality as mentioned in analysis section. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Effective%20Decision-Making" title="Effective Decision-Making">Effective Decision-Making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Internal%20%26%20ExternalKnowledge" title=" Internal & ExternalKnowledge"> Internal & ExternalKnowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Knowledge%20Management" title=" Knowledge Management"> Knowledge Management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tacit%20%26%20Explicit%20Knowledge." title=" Tacit & Explicit Knowledge."> Tacit & Explicit Knowledge.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6557/wangle-the-organizational-internal-and-external-knowledge-a-new-horizon-for-sustaining-the-business-stability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6557/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6557/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6557/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6557/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6557/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6557/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6557/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6557/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6557/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6557/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6557.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1316</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Deficiencies of Lung Segmentation Techniques using CT Scan Images for CAD</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nisar%20Ahmed%20Memon">Nisar Ahmed Memon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Anwar%20Majid%20Mirza"> Anwar Majid Mirza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.A.M.%20Gilani"> S.A.M. Gilani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Segmentation is an important step in medical image analysis and classification for radiological evaluation or computer aided diagnosis. This paper presents the problem of inaccurate lung segmentation as observed in algorithms presented by researchers working in the area of medical image analysis. The different lung segmentation techniques have been tested using the dataset of 19 patients consisting of a total of 917 images. We obtained datasets of 11 patients from Ackron University, USA and of 8 patients from AGA Khan Medical University, Pakistan. After testing the algorithms against datasets, the deficiencies of each algorithm have been highlighted. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Computer%20Aided%20Diagnosis%20%28CAD%29" title="Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD)">Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MathematicalMorphology" title=" MathematicalMorphology"> MathematicalMorphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Medical%20Image%20Analysis" title=" Medical Image Analysis"> Medical Image Analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Region%20Growing" title=" Region Growing"> Region Growing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Segmentation" title="Segmentation">Segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Thresholding" title=" Thresholding"> Thresholding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=" title=""></a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6510/deficiencies-of-lung-segmentation-techniques-using-ct-scan-images-for-cad" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6510/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6510/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6510/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6510/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6510/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6510/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6510/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6510/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6510/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6510/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6510.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2340</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Adoptability Issues of GPS in Public Sector in Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Asim%20Tanvir">Asim Tanvir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Numera%20Rafaqat"> Numera Rafaqat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study discusses the stumbling blocks stifling the adoption of GPS technology in the public sector of Pakistan. This study has been carried out in order to describe the value of GPS technology and its adoption at various public sector organisations in Pakistan. Sample size for the research conducted was 200; personnel working in public sector having age above 29 years were surveyed. Data collected for this research has been quantitatively analysed with the help of SPSS. Regression analysis, correlation and cross tabulation were the techniques used to determine the strength of relationship between key variables. Findings of this research indicate that main hurdles in GPS adoption in the public sector of Pakistan are lack of awareness about GPS among masses in general and the stakeholders in particular, lack of initiative on part of government in promoting new technologies, unavailability of GPS infrastructure in Pakistan and prohibitions on map availability because of security reasons. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Adoptability%20issues" title="Adoptability issues">Adoptability issues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Growth%20of%20GPS" title=" Growth of GPS"> Growth of GPS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=GPSinfrastructure" title=" GPSinfrastructure"> GPSinfrastructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Public%20sectors%20in%20Pakistan" title=" Public sectors in Pakistan"> Public sectors in Pakistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10333/adoptability-issues-of-gps-in-public-sector-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10333/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10333/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10333/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10333/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10333/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10333/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10333/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10333/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10333/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10333/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10333.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1754</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> A Survey on Voice over IP over Wireless LANs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Haniyeh%20Kazemitabar">Haniyeh Kazemitabar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sameha%20Ahmed"> Sameha Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kashif%20Nisar"> Kashif Nisar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abas%20B%20Said"> Abas B Said</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Halabi%20B%20Hasbullah"> Halabi B Hasbullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a form of voice communication that uses audio data to transmit voice signals to the end user. VoIP is one of the most important technologies in the World of communication. Around, 20 years of research on VoIP, some problems of VoIP are still remaining. During the past decade and with growing of wireless technologies, we have seen that many papers turn their concentration from Wired-LAN to Wireless-LAN. VoIP over Wireless LAN (WLAN) faces many challenges due to the loose nature of wireless network. Issues like providing Quality of Service (QoS) at a good level, dedicating capacity for calls and having secure calls is more difficult rather than wired LAN. Therefore VoIP over WLAN (VoWLAN) remains a challenging research topic. In this paper we consolidate and address major VoWLAN issues. This research is helpful for those researchers wants to do research in Voice over IP technology over WLAN network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Capacity" title="Capacity">Capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=QoS" title=" QoS"> QoS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Security" title=" Security"> Security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=VoIP%20Issues" title=" VoIP Issues"> VoIP Issues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=WLAN." title=" WLAN."> WLAN.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12438/a-survey-on-voice-over-ip-over-wireless-lans" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12438/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12438/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12438/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12438/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12438/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12438/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12438/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12438/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12438/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12438/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12438.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2245</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Object Tracking using MACH filter and Optical Flow in Cluttered Scenes and Variable Lighting Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Waqar%20Shahid%20Qureshi">Waqar Shahid Qureshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abu-Baqar%20Nisar%20Alvi"> Abu-Baqar Nisar Alvi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vision based tracking problem is solved through a combination of optical flow, MACH filter and log r-θ mapping. Optical flow is used for detecting regions of movement in video frames acquired under variable lighting conditions. The region of movement is segmented and then searched for the target. A template is used for target recognition on the segmented regions for detecting the region of interest. The template is trained offline on a sequence of target images that are created using the MACH filter and log r-θ mapping. The template is applied on areas of movement in successive frames and strong correlation is seen for in-class targets. Correlation peaks above a certain threshold indicate the presence of target and the target is tracked over successive frames. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Correlation%20filters" title="Correlation filters">Correlation filters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=optical%20flow" title=" optical flow"> optical flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=log%20r-%CE%B8%20mapping." title=" log r-θ mapping."> log r-θ mapping.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1574/object-tracking-using-mach-filter-and-optical-flow-in-cluttered-scenes-and-variable-lighting-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1574/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1574/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1574/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1574/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1574/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1574/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1574/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1574/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1574/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1574/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1574.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Effects of Sprint Training on Athletic Performance Related Physiological, Cardiovascular, and Neuromuscular Parameters</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Asim%20Cengiz">Asim Cengiz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dede%20Basturk"> Dede Basturk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hakan%20Ozalp"> Hakan Ozalp</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Practicing recurring resistance workout such as may cause changes in human muscle. These changes may be because combination if several factors determining physical fitness. Thus, it is important to identify these changes. Several studies were reviewed to investigate these changes. As a result, the changes included positive modifications in amplified citrate synthase (CS) maximal activity, increased capacity for pyruvate oxidation, improvement on molecular signaling on human performance, amplified resting muscle glycogen and whole GLUT4 protein content, better health outcomes such as enhancement in cardiorespiratory fitness. Sprint training also have numerous long long-term changes inhuman body such as better enzyme action, changes in muscle fiber and oxidative ability. This is important because SV is the critical factor influencing maximal cardiac output and therefore oxygen delivery and maximal aerobic power.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sprint" title="Sprint">Sprint</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=training" title=" training"> training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=exercise." title=" exercise."> exercise.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007052/effects-of-sprint-training-on-athletic-performance-related-physiological-cardiovascular-and-neuromuscular-parameters" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007052/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007052/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007052/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007052/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007052/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007052/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007052/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007052/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007052/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007052/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007052.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">908</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> A Survey of Model Comparison Strategies and Techniques in Model Driven Engineering</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Junaid%20Rashid">Junaid Rashid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Waqar%20Mehmood"> Waqar Mehmood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Muhammad%20Wasif%20Nisar"> Muhammad Wasif Nisar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This survey paper shows the recent state of model comparison as it’s applies to Model Driven engineering. In Model Driven Engineering to calculate the difference between the models is a very important and challenging task. There are number of tasks involved in model differencing that firstly starts with identifying and matching the elements of the model. In this paper, we discuss how model matching is accomplished, the strategies, techniques and the types of the model. We also discuss the future direction. We found out that many of the latest model comparison strategies are geared near enabling Meta model and similarity based matching. Therefore model versioning is the most dominant application of the model comparison. Recently to work on comparison for versioning has begun to deteriorate, giving way to different applications. Ultimately there is wide change among the tools in the measure of client exertion needed to perform model comparisons, as some require more push to encourage more sweeping statement and expressive force. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Model%20comparison" title="Model comparison">Model comparison</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=model%20clone%20detection" title=" model clone detection"> model clone detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=model%0D%0Aversioning" title=" model versioning"> model versioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=EMF%20Model" title=" EMF Model"> EMF Model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=model%20diff." title=" model diff."> model diff.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002316/a-survey-of-model-comparison-strategies-and-techniques-in-model-driven-engineering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002316/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002316/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002316/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002316/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002316/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002316/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002316/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002316/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002316/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002316/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002316.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Cr Induced Magnetization in Zinc-Blende ZnO Based Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bakhtiar%20Ul%20Haq">Bakhtiar Ul Haq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20Ahmed"> R. Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Shaari"> A. Shaari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mazmira%20Binti%20Mohamed"> Mazmira Binti Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nisar%20Ali"> Nisar Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The capability of exploiting the electronic charge and spin properties simultaneously in a single material has made diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) remarkable in the field of spintronics. We report the designing of DMS based on zinc-blend ZnO doped with Cr impurity. The full potential linearized augmented plane wave plus local orbital FP-L(APW+lo) method in density functional theory (DFT) has been adapted to carry out these investigations. For treatment of exchange and correlation energy, generalized gradient approximations have been used. Introducing Cr atoms in the matrix of ZnO has induced strong magnetic moment with ferromagnetic ordering at stable ground state. Cr:ZnO was found to favor the short range magnetic interaction that reflect tendency of Cr clustering. The electronic structure of ZnO is strongly influenced in the presence of Cr impurity atoms where impurity bands appear in the band gap.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ZnO" title="ZnO">ZnO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Density%20functional%20theory" title=" Density functional theory"> Density functional theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Diluted%20magnetic%0D%0Asemiconductors" title=" Diluted magnetic semiconductors"> Diluted magnetic semiconductors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ferromagnetic%20materials" title=" Ferromagnetic materials"> Ferromagnetic materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=FP-L%28APW%2Blo%29." title=" FP-L(APW+lo)."> FP-L(APW+lo).</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001240/cr-induced-magnetization-in-zinc-blende-zno-based-diluted-magnetic-semiconductors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001240/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001240/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001240/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001240/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001240/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001240/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001240/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001240/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001240/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001240/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001240.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1887</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> A Novel Reversible Watermarking Method based on Adaptive Thresholding and Companding Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nisar%20Ahmed%20Memon">Nisar Ahmed Memon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Embedding and extraction of a secret information as well as the restoration of the original un-watermarked image is highly desirable in sensitive applications like military, medical, and law enforcement imaging. This paper presents a novel reversible data-hiding method for digital images using integer to integer wavelet transform and companding technique which can embed and recover the secret information as well as can restore the image to its pristine state. The novel method takes advantage of block based watermarking and iterative optimization of threshold for companding which avoids histogram pre and post-processing. Consequently, it reduces the associated overhead usually required in most of the reversible watermarking techniques. As a result, it keeps the distortion small between the marked and the original images. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the existing reversible data hiding schemes reported in the literature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Adaptive%20Thresholding" title="Adaptive Thresholding">Adaptive Thresholding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Companding%20Technique" title=" Companding Technique"> Companding Technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Integer%20Wavelet%20Transform" title="Integer Wavelet Transform">Integer Wavelet Transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Reversible%20Watermarking" title=" Reversible Watermarking"> Reversible Watermarking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12926/a-novel-reversible-watermarking-method-based-on-adaptive-thresholding-and-companding-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12926/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12926/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12926/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12926/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12926/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12926/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12926/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12926/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12926/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12926/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12926.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1869</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Fabless Prototyping Methodology for the Development of SOI based MEMS Microgripper</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20M.%20Usman%20Sani">H. M. Usman Sani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shafaat%20A.%20Bazaz"> Shafaat A. Bazaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nisar%20Ahmed"> Nisar Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, Fabless Prototyping Methodology is introduced for the design and analysis of MEMS devices. Conventionally Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is performed before system level simulation. In our proposed methodology, system level simulation is performed earlier than FEA as it is computationally less extensive and low cost. System level simulations are based on equivalent behavioral models of MEMS device. Electrostatic actuation based MEMS Microgripper is chosen as case study to implement this methodology. This paper addresses the behavioral model development and simulation of actuator part of an electrostatically actuated Microgripper. Simulation results show that the actuator part of Microgripper works efficiently for a voltage range of 0-45V with the corresponding jaw displacement of 0-4.5425μm. With some minor changes in design, this range can be enhanced to 15μm at 85V. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MEMS%20Actuator" title="MEMS Actuator">MEMS Actuator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Behavioral%20Model" title=" Behavioral Model"> Behavioral Model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CoventorWare" title="CoventorWare">CoventorWare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microgripper" title=" Microgripper"> Microgripper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SOIMUMPs" title=" SOIMUMPs"> SOIMUMPs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=System%20Level%20Simulation" title=" System Level Simulation"> System Level Simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1252/fabless-prototyping-methodology-for-the-development-of-soi-based-mems-microgripper" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1252/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1252/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1252/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1252/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1252/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1252/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1252/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1252/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1252/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1252/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1252.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2284</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> A Discriminatory Rewarding Mechanism for Sybil Detection with Applications to Tor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Asim%20Kumar%20Pal">Asim Kumar Pal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Debabrata%20Nath"> Debabrata Nath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sumit%20Chakraborty"> Sumit Chakraborty</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an economic game for sybil detection in a distributed computing environment. Cost parameters reflecting impacts of different sybil attacks are introduced in the sybil detection game. The optimal strategies for this game in which both sybil and non-sybil identities are expected to participate are devised. A cost sharing economic mechanism called Discriminatory Rewarding Mechanism for Sybil Detection is proposed based on this game. A detective accepts a security deposit from each active agent, negotiates with the agents and offers rewards to the sybils if the latter disclose their identity. The basic objective of the detective is to determine the optimum reward amount for each sybil which will encourage the maximum possible number of sybils to reveal themselves. Maintaining privacy is an important issue for the mechanism since the participants involved in the negotiation are generally reluctant to share their private information. The mechanism has been applied to Tor by introducing a reputation scoring function. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Game%20theory" title="Game theory">Game theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Incentive%20mechanism" title=" Incentive mechanism"> Incentive mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Reputation" title=" Reputation"> Reputation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sybil%20Attack" title="Sybil Attack">Sybil Attack</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13802/a-discriminatory-rewarding-mechanism-for-sybil-detection-with-applications-to-tor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13802/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13802/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13802/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13802/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13802/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13802/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13802/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13802/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13802/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13802/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13802.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1717</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> The Effect of Critical Activity on Critical Path and Project Duration in Precedence Diagram Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20Nisar">J. Nisar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Halim"> S. Halim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The additional relationships i.e., start-to-start, finish-to-finish, and start-to-finish, between activity in Precedence Diagram Method (PDM) provides a more flexible schedule than traditional Critical Path Method (CPM). But, changing the duration of critical activities in the PDM network will have an anomalous effect on the critical path and the project completion date. In this study, we classified the critical activities in two groups i.e., 1. activity on single critical path and 2. activity on multi-critical paths, and six classes i.e., normal, reverse, neutral, perverse, decrease-reverse and increase-normal, based on their effects on project duration in PDM. Furthermore, we determined the maximum float of time by which the duration each type of critical activities can be changed without effecting the project duration. This study would help the project manager to clearly understand the behavior of each critical activity on critical path, and he/she would be able to change the project duration by shortening or lengthening activities based on project budget and project deadline.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Construction%20project%20management" title="Construction project management">Construction project management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=critical%20path%20method" title=" critical path method"> critical path method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=project%20scheduling" title=" project scheduling"> project scheduling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=precedence%20diagram%20method." title=" precedence diagram method. "> precedence diagram method. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009494/the-effect-of-critical-activity-on-critical-path-and-project-duration-in-precedence-diagram-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009494/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009494/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009494/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009494/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009494/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009494/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009494/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009494/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009494/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009494/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009494.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1477</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Influence of Pier Modification Techniques for Reducing Scour around Bridge Piers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rashid%20Farooq">Rashid Farooq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abdul%20Razzaq%20Ghumman"> Abdul Razzaq Ghumman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hashim%20Nisar%20Hashmi"> Hashim Nisar Hashmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Bridge piers often fail all over the world and the whole structure may be endangered due to scouring phenomena. Scouring has been linked to catastrophic failures that lead into the loss of human lives. Various techniques have been employed to extenuate the scouring process in order to assist the bridge designs. Pier modifications plays vital role to control scouring at the vicinity of the pier. This experimental study aims at monitoring the effectiveness of pier modification and temporal development of scour depth around a bridge pier by providing a collar, a cable or openings under the same flow conditions. Provision of a collar around the octagonal pier reduced more scour depth than that for other two configurations. Providing a collar around the octagonal pier found to be the best in reducing scour. The scour depth in front of pier was found to be 19.5% less than that at the octagonal pier without any modifications. Similarly, the scour depth around the octagonal pier having provision of a cable was less than that at pier with provision of openings. The scour depth around an octagonal pier was also compared with a plain circular pier and found to be 9.1% less.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Scour" title="Scour">Scour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=octagonal%20pier" title=" octagonal pier"> octagonal pier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=collar" title=" collar"> collar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cable" title=" cable"> cable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=openings." title=" openings."> openings.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006942/influence-of-pier-modification-techniques-for-reducing-scour-around-bridge-piers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006942/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006942/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006942/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006942/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006942/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006942/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006942/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006942/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006942/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006942/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006942.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Segmentation of Lungs from CT Scan Images for Early Diagnosis of Lung Cancer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nisar%20Ahmed%20Memon">Nisar Ahmed Memon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Anwar%20Majid%20Mirza"> Anwar Majid Mirza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.A.M.%20Gilani"> S.A.M. Gilani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Segmentation is an important step in medical image analysis and classification for radiological evaluation or computer aided diagnosis. The CAD (Computer Aided Diagnosis ) of lung CT generally first segment the area of interest (lung) and then analyze the separately obtained area for nodule detection in order to diagnosis the disease. For normal lung, segmentation can be performed by making use of excellent contrast between air and surrounding tissues. However this approach fails when lung is affected by high density pathology. Dense pathologies are present in approximately a fifth of clinical scans, and for computer analysis such as detection and quantification of abnormal areas it is vital that the entire and perfectly lung part of the image is provided and no part, as present in the original image be eradicated. In this paper we have proposed a lung segmentation technique which accurately segment the lung parenchyma from lung CT Scan images. The algorithm was tested against the 25 datasets of different patients received from Ackron Univeristy, USA and AGA Khan Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Computer%20Aided%20Diagnosis" title="Computer Aided Diagnosis">Computer Aided Diagnosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Medical%20ImageProcessing" title=" Medical ImageProcessing"> Medical ImageProcessing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Region%20Growing" title=" Region Growing"> Region Growing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Segmentation" title=" Segmentation"> Segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Thresholding" title=" Thresholding"> Thresholding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=" title=""></a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2140/segmentation-of-lungs-from-ct-scan-images-for-early-diagnosis-of-lung-cancer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2140/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2140/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2140/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2140/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2140/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2140/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2140/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2140/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2140/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2140/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2140.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2601</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Computer Aided Diagnostic System for Detection and Classification of a Brain Tumor through MRI Using Level Set Based Segmentation Technique and ANN Classifier</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Atanu%20K%20Samanta">Atanu K Samanta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Asim%20Ali%20Khan"> Asim Ali Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Due to the acquisition of huge amounts of brain tumor magnetic resonance images (MRI) in clinics, it is very difficult for radiologists to manually interpret and segment these images within a reasonable span of time. Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems can enhance the diagnostic capabilities of radiologists and reduce the time required for accurate diagnosis. An intelligent computer-aided technique for automatic detection of a brain tumor through MRI is presented in this paper. The technique uses the following computational methods; the Level Set for segmentation of a brain tumor from other brain parts, extraction of features from this segmented tumor portion using gray level co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM), and the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to classify brain tumor images according to their respective types. The entire work is carried out on 50 images having five types of brain tumor. The overall classification accuracy using this method is found to be 98% which is significantly good.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Artificial%20neural%20network" title="Artificial neural network">Artificial neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ANN" title=" ANN"> ANN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=brain%20tumor" title=" brain tumor"> brain tumor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=computer-aided%20diagnostic" title=" computer-aided diagnostic"> computer-aided diagnostic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CAD%20system" title=" CAD system"> CAD system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=gray-level%20co-occurrence%20matrix" title=" gray-level co-occurrence matrix"> gray-level co-occurrence matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=GLCM" title=" GLCM"> GLCM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=level%20set%20method" title=" level set method"> level set method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=tumor%20segmentation." title=" tumor segmentation."> tumor segmentation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007245/computer-aided-diagnostic-system-for-detection-and-classification-of-a-brain-tumor-through-mri-using-level-set-based-segmentation-technique-and-ann-classifier" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007245/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007245/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007245/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007245/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007245/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007245/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007245/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007245/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007245/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007245/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007245.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Studies on the Mechanical Behavior of Bottom Ash for a Sustainable Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20A.%20Mir">B. A. Mir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Asim%20Malik"> Asim Malik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Bottom ash is a by-product of the combustion process of coal in furnaces in the production of electricity in thermal power plants. In India, about 75% of total power is produced by using pulverized coal. The coal of India has a high ash content which leads to the generation of a huge quantity of bottom ash per year posing the dual problem of environmental pollution and difficulty in disposal. This calls for establishing strategies to use this industry by-product effectively and efficiently. However, its large-scale utilization is possible only in geotechnical applications, either alone or with soil. In the present investigation, bottom ash was collected from National Capital Power Station Dadri, Uttar Pradesh, India. Test samples of bottom ash admixed with 20% clayey soil were prepared and treated with different cement content by weight and subjected to various laboratory tests for assessing its suitability as an engineered construction material. This study has shown that use of 10% cement content is a viable chemical additive to enhance the mechanical properties of bottom ash, which can be used effectively as an engineered construction material in various geotechnical applications. More importantly, it offers an interesting potential for making use of an industrial waste to overcome challenges posed by bottom ash for a sustainable environment.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bottom%20ash" title="Bottom ash">Bottom ash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=environmental%20pollution" title=" environmental pollution"> environmental pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=solid%20waste" title=" solid waste"> solid waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sustainable%20environment" title=" sustainable environment"> sustainable environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=waste%20utilization." title=" waste utilization."> waste utilization.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007302/studies-on-the-mechanical-behavior-of-bottom-ash-for-a-sustainable-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007302/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007302/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007302/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007302/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007302/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007302/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007302/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007302/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007302/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007302/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007302.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1721</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> An Analysis of Innovative Cloud Model as Bridging the Gap between Physical and Virtualized Business Environments: The Customer Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Asim%20Majeed">Asim Majeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rehan%20Bhana"> Rehan Bhana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mak%20Sharma"> Mak Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rebecca%20Goode"> Rebecca Goode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nizam%20Bolia"> Nizam Bolia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mike"> Mike</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lloyd-Williams"> Lloyd-Williams</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to investigate and explore the underlying causes of security concerns of customers emerged when WHSmith transformed its physical system to virtualized business model through NetSuite. NetSuite is essentially fully integrated software which helps transforming the physical system to virtualized business model. Modern organisations are moving away from traditional business models to cloud based models and consequently it is expected to have a better, secure and innovative environment for customers. The vital issue of the modern age race is the security when transforming virtualized through cloud based models and designers of interactive systems often misunderstand privacy and even often ignore it, thus causing concerns for users. The content analysis approach is being used to collect the qualitative data from 120 online bloggers including TRUSTPILOT. The results and finding provide useful new insights into the nature and form of security concerns of online users after they have used the WHSmith services offered online through their website. Findings have theoretical as well as practical implications for the successful adoption of cloud computing Business-to-Business model and similar systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Innovation" title="Innovation">Innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=virtualization" title=" virtualization"> virtualization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cloud%20computing" title=" cloud computing"> cloud computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=organizational%20flexibility" title=" organizational flexibility"> organizational flexibility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003597/an-analysis-of-innovative-cloud-model-as-bridging-the-gap-between-physical-and-virtualized-business-environments-the-customer-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003597/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003597/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003597/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003597/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003597/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003597/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003597/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003597/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003597/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003597/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003597.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1755</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Groundwater Potential Zone Identification in Unconsolidated Aquifer Using Geophysical Techniques around Tarbela Ghazi, District Haripur, Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Syed%20Muzyan%20Shahzad">Syed Muzyan Shahzad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Liu%20Jianxin"> Liu Jianxin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Asim%20Shahzad"> Asim Shahzad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Muhammad%20Sharjeel%20Raza"> Muhammad Sharjeel Raza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sun%20Ya"> Sun Ya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fanidi%20Meryem"> Fanidi Meryem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Electrical resistivity investigation was conducted in vicinity of Tarbela Ghazi, in order to study the subsurface layer with a view of determining the depth to the aquifer and thickness of groundwater potential zones. Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) using Schlumberger array was carried out at 16 VES stations. Well logging data at four tube wells have been used to mark the super saturated zones with great discharge rate. The present paper shows a geoelectrical identification of the lithology and an estimate of the relationship between the resistivity and Dar Zarrouk parameters (transverse unit resistance and longitudinal unit conductance). The VES results revealed both homogeneous and heterogeneous nature of the subsurface strata. Aquifer is unconfined to confine in nature, and at few locations though perched aquifer has been identified, groundwater potential zones are developed in unconsolidated deposits layers and more than seven geo-electric layers are observed at some VES locations. Saturated zones thickness ranges from 5 m to 150 m, whereas at few area aquifer is beyond 150 m thick. The average anisotropy, transvers resistance and longitudinal conductance values are 0.86 %, 35750.9821 Ω.m<sup>2</sup>, 0.729 Siemens, respectively. The transverse unit resistance values fluctuate all over the aquifer system, whereas below at particular depth high values are observed, that significantly associated with the high transmissivity zones. The groundwater quality in all analyzed samples is below permissible limit according to World Health Standard (WHO).</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Geoelectric%20layers" title="Geoelectric layers">Geoelectric layers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dar%20Zarrouk%20parameters" title=" Dar Zarrouk parameters"> Dar Zarrouk parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aquifer" title=" Aquifer"> Aquifer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Electro-stratigraphic." title=" Electro-stratigraphic."> Electro-stratigraphic.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009234/groundwater-potential-zone-identification-in-unconsolidated-aquifer-using-geophysical-techniques-around-tarbela-ghazi-district-haripur-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009234/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009234/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009234/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009234/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009234/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009234/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009234/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009234/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009234/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009234/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">815</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> The Study of Implications on Modern Businesses Performances by Digital Communities: Case of Data Leak</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Asim%20Majeed">Asim Majeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Anwar%20Ul%20Haq"> Anwar Ul Haq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mike"> Mike</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lloyd-Williams"> Lloyd-Williams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Arshad%20Jamal"> Arshad Jamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Usman%20Butt"> Usman Butt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This study aims to investigate the impact of data leak of M&S customers on digital communities. Modern businesses are using digital communities as an important public relations tool for marketing purposes. This form of communication helps companies to build better relationship with their customers which also act as another source of information. The communication between the customers and the organizations is not regulated so users may post positive and negative comments. There are new platforms being developed on a daily basis and it is very crucial for the businesses to not only get themselves familiar with those but also know how to reach their existing and perspective consumers. The driving force of marketing and communication in modern businesses is the digital communities and these are continuously increasing and developing. This phenomenon is changing the way marketing is conducted. The current research has discussed the implications on M&S business performance since the data was exploited on digital communities; users contacted M&S and raised the security concerns. M&S closed down its website for few hours to try to resolve the issue. The next day M&S made a public apology about this incidence. This information was proliferated on various digital communities and it has impacted negatively on M&S brand name, sales and customers. The content analysis approach is being used to collect qualitative data from 100 digital bloggers including social media communities such as Facebook and Twitter. The results and finding provide useful new insights into the nature and form of security concerns of digital users. Findings have theoretical and practical implications. This research will showcase a large corporation utilizing various digital community platforms and can serve as a model for future organizations.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Digital" title="Digital">Digital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=communities" title=" communities"> communities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=dissemination" title=" dissemination"> dissemination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=implications" title=" implications"> implications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=data" title=" data"> data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=exploitation." title=" exploitation."> exploitation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003594/the-study-of-implications-on-modern-businesses-performances-by-digital-communities-case-of-data-leak" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003594/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003594/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003594/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003594/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003594/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003594/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a 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