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Dokumentation: <amp-script> - amp.dev
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'mainmenuopen' : '')" i-amphtml-binding> <div class="ap-o-header"> <a class="ap-o-header-home" href="/de/"> <svg class="ap-o-header-home-logo"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#logo"/></svg> <span class="ap-o-header-home-title">AMP</span> </a> <nav class="ap-o-header-main"> <div class="ap-o-header-main-item"> <button class="ap-o-header-main-link -tw "> Über <div class="ap-a-ico ap-o-header-main-link-icon"> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#angle-down-solid"/></svg> </div> </button> <ul class="ap-o-header-flyout"> <li class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item"> <a class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link websites" href="/de/about/websites/"> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link-icon websites"> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#amp-websites"/></svg> </div> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link-info ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link-info-websites"> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-title">AMP Websites</div> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-description">Erstelle tadellose Web-Erlebnisse</div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item"> <a class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link stories" href="/de/about/stories/"> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link-icon stories"> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#amp-stories"/></svg> </div> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link-info ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link-info-stories"> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-title">Web Stories</div> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-description">Kurzweilige Storys für alle</div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item"> <a class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link ads" href="/de/about/ads/"> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link-icon ads"> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#amp-ads"/></svg> </div> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link-info ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link-info-ads"> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-title">AMP Ads</div> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-description">Blitzschnelle Ads im Internet</div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item"> <a class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link email" href="/de/about/email/"> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link-icon email"> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#amp-email"/></svg> </div> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link-info ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link-info-email"> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-title">AMP E-Mail</div> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-description">E-Mail der nächsten Generation</div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-secondary"> <a class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-title secondary" href="/de/about/how-amp-works/">So funktioniert AMP</a> </li> <li class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-secondary"> <a class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-title secondary" href="/de/about/mission-and-vision/">Vision & Mission</a> </li> <li class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-secondary"> <a class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-title secondary" href="/de/about/use-cases/">Use Cases</a> </li> <li class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-secondary"> <a class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-title secondary" href="/de/success-stories/">Erfolgsstorys</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="ap-o-header-main-item"> <button class="ap-o-header-main-link -tw "> Dokumentation <div class="ap-a-ico ap-o-header-main-link-icon"> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#angle-down-solid"/></svg> </div> </button> <ul class="ap-o-header-flyout"> <li class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-secondary"> <a class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-title secondary" href="/de/documentation/">Erste Schritte</a> </li> <li class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item"> <a class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link " href="/de/documentation/guides-and-tutorials/"> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link-icon "> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#guides-documents"/></svg> </div> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link-info"> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-title">Anleitungen & Tutorials</div> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-description">Erste Schritte mit AMP</div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item"> <a class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link " href="/de/documentation/components/"> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link-icon "> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#components-flyout"/></svg> </div> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link-info"> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-title">Komponenten</div> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-description">Die komplette AMP Bibliothek</div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item"> <a class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link " href="/de/documentation/examples/"> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link-icon "> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#examples-flyout"/></svg> </div> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link-info"> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-title">Beispiele</div> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-description">Hands-on introduction to AMP</div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item"> <a class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link " href="/de/documentation/courses/"> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link-icon "> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#learn"/></svg> </div> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link-info"> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-title">Kurse</div> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-description">Lerne AMP mit kostenlosen Kursen</div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item"> <a class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link " href="/de/documentation/templates/"> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link-icon "> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#template"/></svg> </div> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link-info"> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-title">Templates</div> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-description">Sofort einsatzbereit</div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item"> <a class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link " href="/de/documentation/tools/"> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link-icon "> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#wrench"/></svg> </div> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-primary-item-link-info"> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-title">Tools</div> <div class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-description">Starte dein eigenes Projekt</div> </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="ap-o-header-main-item"> <button class="ap-o-header-main-link -tw "> Community <div class="ap-a-ico ap-o-header-main-link-icon"> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#angle-down-solid"/></svg> </div> </button> <ul class="ap-o-header-flyout"> <li class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-secondary"> <a class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-title secondary" href="/de/documentation/guides-and-tutorials/contribute/">Mitmachen</a> </li> <li class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-secondary"> <a class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-title secondary" href="/de/community/roadmap/">Roadmap</a> </li> <li class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-secondary"> <a class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-title secondary" href="/de/community/governance/">Leitung</a> </li> <li class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-secondary"> <a class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-title secondary" href="/de/community/working-groups/access-subscriptions/">Arbeitsgruppen</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="ap-o-header-main-item"> <button class="ap-o-header-main-link -tw "> Veranstaltungen <div class="ap-a-ico ap-o-header-main-link-icon"> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#angle-down-solid"/></svg> </div> </button> <ul class="ap-o-header-flyout"> <li class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-secondary"> <a class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-title secondary" href="/de/events/amp-fest-2020/">AMP Fest 2020</a> </li> <li class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-secondary"> <a class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-title secondary" href="/de/events/amp-roadshow/">AMP Roadshow</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="ap-o-header-main-item"> <a class="ap-o-header-main-link -tw" href="https://blog.amp.dev">Blog</a> </div> <div class="ap-o-header-main-item"> <button class="ap-o-header-main-link -tw "> Support <div class="ap-a-ico ap-o-header-main-link-icon"> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#angle-down-solid"/></svg> </div> </button> <ul class="ap-o-header-flyout"> <li class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-secondary"> <a class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-title secondary" href="/de/support/">Hilfe</a> </li> <li class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-secondary"> <a class="ap-o-header-flyout-item-title secondary" href="/de/support/faq/">FAQ</a> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> <div class="-tv"> <span class="-tm" aria-label="Sprache wählen" tabindex="-1"> <span class="-tw">DE</span> <div class="ap-a-ico -ty"> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#angle-down-solid"/></svg> </div> </span> <input class="-tg" type="checkbox" name="language-selector"> <div class="-tb" role="list"> <a class="-tw" href="/documentation/components/amp-script/" role="listitem">English</a> <a class="-tw" href="/fr/documentation/components/amp-script/" role="listitem">Français</a> <a class="-tw" href="/ar/documentation/components/amp-script/" role="listitem">العربية</a> <a class="-tw" href="/es/documentation/components/amp-script/" role="listitem">Español</a> <a class="-tw" href="/it/documentation/components/amp-script/" role="listitem">Italiano</a> <a class="-tw" href="/id/documentation/components/amp-script/" role="listitem">Indonesia</a> <a class="-tw" href="/ja/documentation/components/amp-script/" role="listitem">日本語</a> <a class="-tw" href="/ko/documentation/components/amp-script/" role="listitem">한국어</a> <a class="-tw" href="/pt_br/documentation/components/amp-script/" role="listitem">Português</a> <a class="-tw" href="/ru/documentation/components/amp-script/" role="listitem">Русский</a> <a class="-tw" href="/tr/documentation/components/amp-script/" role="listitem">Türkçe</a> <a class="-tw" href="/zh_cn/documentation/components/amp-script/" role="listitem">中文</a> <a class="-tw" href="/pl/documentation/components/amp-script/" role="listitem">Polski</a> <a class="-tw" href="/vi/documentation/components/amp-script/" role="listitem">Tiếng việt</a> </div> </div> </div> </header> <label class="ap-o-burger-menu-label" on="tap:AMP.setState({mainmenuopen: !mainmenuopen, noScrollState: !noScrollState})" [class]="'ap-o-burger-menu-label ' + (mainmenuopen ? 'mainmenuopen ' : '')" for="burger-menu" tabindex="0" role="button" aria-label="Hamburger Menü" i-amphtml-binding> <div class="ap-a-ico ap-o-burger-menu-icon"> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#menu"/></svg> </div> </label> <nav class="ap-o-burger-menu" [class]="mainmenuopen ? 'ap-o-burger-menu mainmenuopen' : 'ap-o-burger-menu'" i-amphtml-binding> <ul class="-th"> <li class="-tp"> <label class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tw "> Über </label> <input class="-td" type="checkbox" aria-label="About"> <span class="nav-icon"> <svg class="ap-a-ico"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#angle-down-solid"/></svg> </span> <ul class="-th"> <li class="-tp"> <a class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tx" href="/de/about/websites/"> AMP Websites </a> </li> <li class="-tp"> <a class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tx" href="/de/about/stories/"> Web Stories </a> </li> <li class="-tp"> <a class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tx" href="/de/about/ads/"> AMP Ads </a> </li> <li class="-tp"> <a class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tx" href="/de/about/email/"> AMP E-Mail </a> </li> <li class="-tp"> <a class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tx" href="/de/about/how-amp-works/"> So funktioniert AMP </a> </li> <li class="-tp"> <a class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tx" href="/de/about/mission-and-vision/"> Vision & Mission </a> </li> <li class="-tp"> <a class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tx" href="/de/about/use-cases/"> Use Cases </a> </li> <li class="-tp"> <a class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tx" href="/de/success-stories/"> Erfolgsstorys </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="-tp"> <label class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tw "> Dokumentation </label> <input class="-td" type="checkbox" aria-label="Documentation"> <span class="nav-icon"> <svg class="ap-a-ico"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#angle-down-solid"/></svg> </span> <ul class="-th"> <li class="-tp"> <a class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tx" href="/de/documentation/"> Erste Schritte </a> </li> <li class="-tp"> <a class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tx" href="/de/documentation/guides-and-tutorials/"> Anleitungen & Tutorials </a> </li> <li class="-tp"> <a class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tx" href="/de/documentation/components/"> Komponenten </a> </li> <li class="-tp"> <a class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tx" href="/de/documentation/examples/"> Beispiele </a> </li> <li class="-tp"> <a class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tx" href="/de/documentation/courses/"> Kurse </a> </li> <li class="-tp"> <a class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tx" href="/de/documentation/templates/"> Templates </a> </li> <li class="-tp"> <a class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tx" href="/de/documentation/tools/"> Tools </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="-tp"> <label class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tw "> Community </label> <input class="-td" type="checkbox" aria-label="Community"> <span class="nav-icon"> <svg class="ap-a-ico"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#angle-down-solid"/></svg> </span> <ul class="-th"> <li class="-tp"> <a class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tx" href="/de/documentation/guides-and-tutorials/contribute/"> Mitmachen </a> </li> <li class="-tp"> <a class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tx" href="/de/community/roadmap/"> Roadmap </a> </li> <li class="-tp"> <a class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tx" href="/de/community/governance/"> Leitung </a> </li> <li class="-tp"> <a class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tx" href="/de/community/working-groups/access-subscriptions/"> Arbeitsgruppen </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="-tp"> <label class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tw "> Veranstaltungen </label> <input class="-td" type="checkbox" aria-label="Events"> <span class="nav-icon"> <svg class="ap-a-ico"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#angle-down-solid"/></svg> </span> <ul class="-th"> <li class="-tp"> <a class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tx" href="/de/events/amp-fest-2020/"> AMP Fest 2020 </a> </li> <li class="-tp"> <a class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tx" href="/de/events/amp-roadshow/"> AMP Roadshow </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="-tp"> <a class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tw" href="https://blog.amp.dev">Blog</a> </li> <li class="-tp"> <a class="ap-o-burger-menu-link -tw " href="/de/support/"> Hilfe </a> </li> </ul> </nav> <div class="-ui"> <amp-position-observer on="enter:slideTransition.start; exit:slideTransition.start,slideTransition.reverse" intersection-ratios="1" layout="nodisplay" class="i-amphtml-layout-nodisplay" hidden="hidden" i-amphtml-layout="nodisplay"> </amp-position-observer> <amp-animation id="slideTransition" layout="nodisplay" class="i-amphtml-layout-nodisplay" hidden="hidden" i-amphtml-layout="nodisplay"> <script type="application/json">{"duration":"150ms","fill":"both","easing":"ease-out","iterations":"1","animations":[{"selector":".label-title","keyframes":[{"transform":"scale3d(0, 1, 1)"},{"transform":"scale3d(1, 1, 1)"}]}]}</script> </amp-animation> </div> <amp-user-notification class="-ll i-amphtml-layout-nodisplay" id="format-filter-hint" layout="nodisplay" hidden="hidden" i-amphtml-layout="nodisplay"> </amp-user-notification> <div class="-lf" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="-lc"> <div class="-lh">Wähle dein Format für eine optimierte Erfahrung</div> <button class="-lp" on="tap:format-filter-hint.dismiss"> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#close"/></svg> </button> </div> </div> <main class="ap--main -ld"> <div class="-tf"> <input class="-uu ap-a-sidebar-mobile-toggle-input-sidebar" type="checkbox" name="sidebar" id="sidebar" autocomplete="off"> <input class="-uf ap-a-sidebar-desktop-toggle-input-sidebar" type="checkbox" name="sidebar-desktop" id="sidebar-desktop" autocomplete="off"> <span id="ap--sidebar-content" class="-uc"></span> <section class="ap--toc"> <div class="ap-o-toc" [class]="contentmenuopen ? 'ap-o-toc contentmenuopen' : 'ap-o-toc'" i-amphtml-binding> <label class="ap-o-toc-toggle" for="toc" on="tap:AMP.setState({contentmenuopen: !contentmenuopen})" role="contentmenutrigger" tabindex="0"> <span class="ap-o-toc-hl">Inhaltsverzeichnis</span> <span class="nav-icon"> <svg class="ap-a-ico"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#angle-down-solid"/></svg> </span> </label> <input class="-us -un" type="checkbox" name="toc" id="toc" autocomplete="off"> <ul><li><a href="#usage">Usage</a><ul> <li><a href="#virtual-dom">Virtual DOM</a></li> <li><a href="#loading-javascript">Loading JavaScript</a><ul> <li><a href="#from-a-remote-url">From a remote URL</a></li> <li><a href="#from-a-local-element">From a local element</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#how-does-it-work?">How does it work?</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#capabilities">Capabilities</a><ul> <li><a href="#supported-apis">Supported APIs</a></li> <li><a href="#frameworks-and-libraries">Frameworks and libraries</a></li> <li><a href="#creating-amp-elements">Creating AMP elements</a></li> <li><a href="#referencing-amp-state">Referencing amp-state</a></li> <li><a href="#retrieving-data-for-<amp-list>">Retrieving data for <amp-list></a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#restrictions">Restrictions</a><ul> <li><a href="#size-of-javascript-code">Size of JavaScript code</a></li> <li><a href="#user-gestures">User gestures</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#calculating-the-script-hash">Calculating the script hash</a></li> <li><a href="#attributes">Attributes</a><ul> <li><a href="#src">src</a></li> <li><a href="#script">script</a></li> <li><a href="#sandbox">sandbox</a></li> <li><a href="#max-age">max-age</a></li> <li><a href="#nodom">nodom</a></li> <li><a href="#sandboxed">sandboxed</a></li> <li><a href="#common-attributes">common attributes</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#errors-and-warnings">Errors and warnings</a></li></ul> </div> </section> <section class="-t"> <label class="-uo -ur ap-a-sidebar-mobile-toggle-label-sidebar" for="sidebar" on="tap:sidebar-left.toggle" role="categoriemenutrigger" tabindex="0"> <span class="label-icon"><svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#sidebar-toggle"/></svg></span> <span class="label-title">Seitenleiste umschalten</span> </label> <label class="-uo -ul ap-a-sidebar-desktop-toggle-label-sidebar" for="sidebar-desktop" role="categoriemenutrigger-desktop" tabindex="0"> <span class="label-icon"><svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#sidebar-toggle"/></svg></span> <span class="label-title">Seitenleiste umschalten</span> </label> <nav class="-ue"> <a class="ap-m-breadcrumbs-crumb" href="/de/documentation/">Dokumentation</a> <span class="ap-m-breadcrumbs-divider"> <svg class="ap-a-ico -ut"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#angle-down-solid"/></svg> </span> <a class="ap-m-breadcrumbs-crumb" href="/de/documentation/components/">Komponenten</a> </nav> <h1> amp-script </h1> <div class="ap-o-component-intro"> <div class="ap-o-component-intro-row"> <h4 class="ap-o-component-intro-headline">Description</h4> <p class="ap-o-component-intro-text">Runs custom JavaScript in a Web Worker.</p> </div> <div class="ap-o-component-intro-row ap-o-component-intro-row-inline"> <h4 class="ap-o-component-intro-headline">Required Scripts</h4> <div id="amp-script" class="ap-a-copy-script"> <pre><script async custom-element="amp-script" src="https://cdn.ampproject.org/v0/amp-script-0.1.js"></script></pre> <amp-iframe width="24" height="24" layout="fixed" sandbox="allow-scripts" src="https://amp.dev/shared/copy-script/#%3Cscript%20async%20custom-element%3D%22amp-script%22%20src%3D%22https%3A//cdn.ampproject.org/v0/amp-script-0.1.js%22%3E%3C/script%3E" class="i-amphtml-layout-fixed i-amphtml-layout-size-defined" style="width:24px;height:24px;" i-amphtml-layout="fixed"> <div placeholder></div> </amp-iframe> </div> </div> <div class="ap-o-component-intro-row ap-o-component-intro-row-inline"> <h4 class="ap-o-component-intro-headline">Supported Layouts</h4> <div> <a class='ap-a-pill ap-a-pill-flat ap-a-pill-small ap-a-pill-link' href='/documentation/guides-and-tutorials/learn/amp-html-layout/layouts_demonstrated#container'>container</a> <a class='ap-a-pill ap-a-pill-flat ap-a-pill-small ap-a-pill-link' href='/documentation/guides-and-tutorials/learn/amp-html-layout/layouts_demonstrated#fill'>fill</a> <a class='ap-a-pill ap-a-pill-flat ap-a-pill-small ap-a-pill-link' href='/documentation/guides-and-tutorials/learn/amp-html-layout/layouts_demonstrated#fixed'>fixed</a> <a class='ap-a-pill ap-a-pill-flat ap-a-pill-small ap-a-pill-link' href='/documentation/guides-and-tutorials/learn/amp-html-layout/layouts_demonstrated#fixed-height'>fixed-height</a> <a class='ap-a-pill ap-a-pill-flat ap-a-pill-small ap-a-pill-link' href='/documentation/guides-and-tutorials/learn/amp-html-layout/layouts_demonstrated#flex-item'>flex-item</a> <a class='ap-a-pill ap-a-pill-flat ap-a-pill-small ap-a-pill-link' href='/documentation/guides-and-tutorials/learn/amp-html-layout/layouts_demonstrated#intrinsic'>intrinsic</a> <a class='ap-a-pill ap-a-pill-flat ap-a-pill-small ap-a-pill-link' href='/documentation/guides-and-tutorials/learn/amp-html-layout/layouts_demonstrated#nodisplay'>nodisplay</a> <a class='ap-a-pill ap-a-pill-flat ap-a-pill-small ap-a-pill-link' href='/documentation/guides-and-tutorials/learn/amp-html-layout/layouts_demonstrated#responsive'>responsive</a> </div> </div> <div class="ap-o-component-intro-row"> <div id="examples" class="ap-m-clip"> <h4 class="ap-o-component-intro-headline">Beispiele</h4> <div class="ap-o-component-intro-list"> <a class='ap-o-component-intro-list-item' href='/documentation/examples/components/amp-render/'>amp-render</a> <a class='ap-o-component-intro-list-item' href='/documentation/examples/components/amp-script/'>amp-script</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <h2 id="usage">Usage</h2> <p>The <code>amp-script</code> component allows you to run custom JavaScript. To maintain AMP's performance guarantees, your code runs in a Web Worker, and certain restrictions apply.</p> <h3 id="virtual-dom">Virtual DOM</h3> <p>Your JavaScript can access the area of the page wrapped within the <code><amp-script></code> component. <code>amp-script</code> copies the component's children to a virtual DOM. Your code can access that virtual DOM as <code>document.body</code>.</p> <p>For example, this <code><amp-script></code> component defines a DOM consisting of a single <code><p></code>.</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span> <span class="na">src</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://example.com/my-script.js"</span> <span class="na">width</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"300"</span> <span class="na">height</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"100"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span>A single line of text<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <p>If your code appends an element to <code>document.body</code>:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">// my-script.js</span> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">p</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">createElement</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'p'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">textContent</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'A second line of text'</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">body</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">appendChild</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">);</span> </pre></div> <p>the new element will be placed after that <code><p></code>.</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span> <span class="na">src</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://example.com/my-script.js"</span> <span class="na">width</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"300"</span> <span class="na">height</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"100"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span>A single line of text<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span>A second line of text<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <h3 id="loading-javascript">Loading JavaScript</h3> <p>An <code>amp-script</code> element can load JavaScript in two ways:</p> <ul> <li>remotely, from a URL</li> <li>locally, from a <code><script></code> element on the page</li> </ul> <h4 id="from-a-remote-url">From a remote URL</h4> <p>Use the <code>src</code> attribute to load JavaScript from a URL:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span> <span class="na">layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span> <span class="na">src</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"https://example.com/hello-world.js"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">button</span><span class="p">></span>Hello amp-script!<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">button</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <h4 id="from-a-local-element">From a local element</h4> <p>You can also include your JavaScript inline, in a <code>script</code> tag. You must:</p> <ul> <li>Set the <code>script</code> attribute of your <code>amp-script</code> to the local <code>script</code> element's <code>id</code>.</li> <li>Include <code>target="amp-script"</code> in your <code>amp-script</code>.</li> <li>Include <code>type="text/plain"</code> in your <code>script</code>. This way, the browser won't execute your script, allowing amp-script to control it.</li> </ul> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="c"><!-- To use inline JavaScript, you must add a script hash to the document head. --></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"amp-script-src"</span> <span class="na">content</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"sha384-YCFs8k-ouELcBTgzKzNAujZFxygwiqimSqKK7JqeKaGNflwDxaC3g2toj7s_kxWG"</span> <span class="p">/></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">></span> ... <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span> <span class="na">width</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"200"</span> <span class="na">height</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"100"</span> <span class="na">script</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"hello-world"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">button</span><span class="p">></span>Hello amp-script!<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">button</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="c"><!-- Add [target="amp-script"] to the <script> element. --></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">script</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"hello-world"</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/plain"</span> <span class="na">target</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"amp-script"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">btn</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">querySelector</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'button'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="nx">btn</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">addEventListener</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'click'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">=></span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">body</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">textContent</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'Hello World!'</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">});</span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">script</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <p> </p><div class="ap-m-tip"> <div class="ap-a-ico ap-m-tip-icon"> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#speech-bubble"/></svg> </div> <div class="ap-m-tip-content"> For security reasons, <code>amp-script</code> elements with a <code>script</code> or cross-origin <code>src</code> attribute require a <a href="#calculating-the-script-hash">script hash</a> in a <code><meta name="amp-script-src" content="..."></code> tag. Also, same-origin <code>src</code> files must have <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Content-Type"><code>Content-Type</code></a>: <code>application/javascript</code> or <code>text/javascript</code>.<p></p> <p>If your page contains multiple <code>amp-script</code> elements, each requiring a <a href="#calculating-the-script-hash">script hash</a>, include each as a whitespace-delimited list in a single <code><meta name="amp-script-src" content="..."></code> tag (see <a href="https://github.com/ampproject/amphtml/blob/main/examples/amp-script/example.amp.html">examples/amp-script/example.amp.html</a> for an example with multiple script hashes). </p></div> </div><p></p> <h3 id="how-does-it-work?">How does it work?</h3> <p><code>amp-script</code> runs your custom JavaScript in a <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Web_Workers_API/Using_web_workers">Web Worker</a>. Normally Web Workers don't have access to the DOM. But <code>amp-script</code> gives your code access to a virtual DOM. When your JavaScript modifies this virtual DOM, <code>amp-script</code> updates the real DOM.</p> <p>Under the hood, <code>amp-script</code> uses <a href="https://github.com/ampproject/worker-dom/">@ampproject/worker-dom</a>. For design details, see the <a href="https://github.com/ampproject/amphtml/issues/13471">"Intent to Implement" issue</a>.</p> <h2 id="capabilities">Capabilities</h2> <h3 id="supported-apis">Supported APIs</h3> <p>DOM elements and their properties are generally supported, with a few limits. For example, your code can't add a new <code><script></code> or <code><style></code> tag to the DOM.</p> <p><code>amp-script</code> recreates many commonly used DOM APIs and makes them available to your code. This "hello world" example uses <code>getElementById()</code>, <code>addEventListener()</code>, <code>createElement()</code>, <code>textContent</code>, and <code>appendChild()</code>:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">button</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getElementById</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'textarea'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="nx">button</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">addEventListener</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'click'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">=></span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">h1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">createElement</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'h1'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="nx">h1</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">textContent</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'Hello World!'</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">body</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">appendChild</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">h1</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="p">});</span> </pre></div> <p>Supported DOM APIs include:</p> <ul> <li>Element getters like <code>getElementByName()</code>, <code>getElementsByClassName()</code>, <code>getElementsByTagName()</code>, <code>childNodes()</code>, <code>parentNode()</code>, and <code>lastChild()</code></li> <li>Mutators like <code>createTextNode()</code>, <code>appendChild()</code>, <code>insertBefore()</code>, <code>removeChild()</code>, and <code>replaceChild()</code></li> <li>Methods involving events like <code>addEventListener()</code>, <code>removeEventListener()</code>, and <code>createEvent()</code></li> <li>Property and attribute getters like <code>getAttribute()</code>, <code>hasAttribute()</code></li> <li>Event properties like <code>Event.target</code>, <code>Event.type</code>, and <code>Event.bubbles</code></li> <li>Element properties like <code>attributes</code>, <code>id</code>, <code>outerHTML</code>, <code>textContent</code>, <code>value</code>, <code>classList</code>, and <code>className</code></li> <li>And many more.</li> </ul> <p>For a complete list of supported DOM APIs, see the <a href="https://github.com/ampproject/worker-dom/blob/main/web_compat_table.md">API compatibility table</a>.</p> <p><code>querySelector()</code> is supported for simple selectors - element, id, class, and attribute. So, <code>document.querySelector('.class')</code> will work, but <code>document.querySelector('.class1 .class2')</code> will not. <a href="https://github.com/ampproject/worker-dom/blob/main/src/worker-thread/dom/Element.ts#L159">See the code</a> for details.</p> <p><code>amp-script</code> supports common Web APIs like <code>Fetch</code>, <code>WebSockets</code>, <code>localStorage</code>, <code>sessionStorage</code>, and <code>Canvas</code>. Presently, the <code>History</code> API is not implemented, and neither are cookies.</p> <p><code>amp-script</code> does not support the entire DOM API or Web API, as this would make <code>amp-script</code>'s own JavaScript too large and slow. If there's an API you'd like to see supported, please <a href="https://github.com/ampproject/amphtml/issues/new/choose">file an issue</a> or <a href="https://github.com/ampproject/amphtml/blob/main/docs/contributing.md">suggest and contribute the change yourself</a>.</p> <p> </p><div class="ap-m-tip"> <div class="ap-a-ico ap-m-tip-icon"> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#speech-bubble"/></svg> </div> <div class="ap-m-tip-content"> For a set of samples showing <code>amp-script</code> in use, <a href="https://amp.dev/documentation/examples/components/amp-script/">see here</a>. </div> </div><p></p> <h3 id="frameworks-and-libraries">Frameworks and libraries</h3> <p>Presently, libraries like <a href="https://jquery.com">jQuery</a> will not work with <code>amp-script</code> without modification, as they use unsupported DOM APIs. However, <a href="https://github.com/ampproject/worker-dom/">@ampproject/worker-dom</a> was designed to support the APIs that popular JavaScript frameworks use. <code>amp-script</code> has been tested with <a href="http://reactjs.org/">React</a> and <a href="https://preactjs.com/">Preact</a>. To keep bundle sizes small, we recommend using Preact. Other frameworks may work but have not been thoroughly tested; if you're looking for support, please file an issue or contribute <a href="https://github.com/ampproject/worker-dom/">here</a>.</p> <h3 id="creating-amp-elements">Creating AMP elements</h3> <p>You can use <code>amp-script</code> to add an <code>amp-img</code> or <code>amp-layout</code> component to the DOM. Other AMP components are presently unsupported. If you need to create a different AMP element, please upvote on <a href="https://github.com/ampproject/amphtml/issues/25344">#25344</a> and add a comment describing your use case.</p> <h3 id="referencing-amp-state">Referencing amp-state</h3> <p><code>amp-script</code> supports getting and setting <a href="https://amp.dev/documentation/components/amp-bind/#defining-and-initializing-state-with-<amp-state>"><code>amp-state</code></a> JSON. This lets <code>amp-script</code> interact with other AMP elements on the page via <a href="https://amp.dev/documentation/components/amp-bind/#bindings"><code>amp-bind</code> bindings</a>.</p> <p>If you invoke <code>AMP.setState()</code> from <code>amp-script</code> after a user gesture, bindings can cause mutations to the DOM. Otherwise, state will be set, but binding will not occur (similar to <a href="https://amp.dev/documentation/examples/components/amp-bind/"><code>amp-state</code> initialization</a>). For more information, see <a href="#user-gestures">the section on user gestures</a>.</p> <p><code>AMP.setState()</code> works as described in the <a href="https://amp.dev/documentation/components/amp-bind/#updating-state-variables-with-amp.setstate()"><code><amp-bind></code> documentation</a>, merging an object literal into the specified state. This example shows how it can affect the DOM:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">script</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"myscript"</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/plain"</span> <span class="na">target</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"amp-script"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">button</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getElementsByTagName</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'button'</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span> <span class="kd">function</span> <span class="nx">changer</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">AMP</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">setState</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="nx">myText</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"I have changed!"</span><span class="p">});</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="nx">button</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">addEventListener</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'click'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">changer</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">script</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span> <span class="na">layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span> <span class="na">script</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"myscript"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span> <span class="na">[text]</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"myText"</span><span class="p">></span>Will I change?<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">button</span><span class="p">></span>Change it!<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">button</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <p><code>AMP.getState()</code> is asynchronous and returns a Promise. The promise resolves with the stringified value of the state variable it's passed. These examples demonstrate its use with different types:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="nx">async</span> <span class="kd">function</span> <span class="nx">myFunction</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">AMP</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">setState</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="s1">'text'</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s1">'I am a string'</span><span class="p">});</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">text</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">await</span> <span class="nx">AMP</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getState</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'text'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="nx">AMP</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">setState</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="s1">'number'</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">42</span><span class="p">});</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">number</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">Number</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">await</span> <span class="nx">AMP</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getState</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'number'</span><span class="p">));</span> <span class="nx">AMP</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">setState</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="s1">'obj'</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s1">'text'</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s1">'I am a string'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'number'</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">42</span><span class="p">}});</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">obj</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">JSON</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">parse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">await</span> <span class="nx">AMP</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getState</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'obj'</span><span class="p">));</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <p>Here's another example. <code>amp-state</code> doesn't support WebSocket URLs in its <code>src</code> attribute, but we can use <code>amp-script</code> to pass in data from a WebSocket.</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span> <span class="na">width</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"1"</span> <span class="na">height</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"1"</span> <span class="na">script</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"webSocketDemo"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">script</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/plain"</span> <span class="na">target</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"amp-script"</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"webSocketDemo"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">socket</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">WebSocket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'wss://websocket.example'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="nx">socket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">onmessage</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">event</span> <span class="p">=></span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">AMP</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">setState</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="nx">socketData</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nx">event</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">});</span> <span class="p">};</span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">script</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <p> </p><div class="ap-m-tip"> <div class="ap-a-ico ap-m-tip-icon"> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#speech-bubble"/></svg> </div> <div class="ap-m-tip-content"> To use <code>AMP.setState()</code>, you must include the <a href="https://amp.dev/documentation/components/amp-bind"><code>amp-bind</code></a> extension script in the document head. </div> </div><p></p> <p>Note that if something else changes the DOM inside your <code><amp-script></code>, that change will not propagate to the virtual DOM. The syncing process is unidirectional. Thus it's best to avoid code like the following:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span> <span class="na">layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span> <span class="na">script</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"myscript"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span> <span class="na">[text]</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"myText"</span><span class="p">></span>Will I change?<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">button</span> <span class="na">on</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"tap:AMP.setState({myText: 'I changed'})"</span><span class="p">></span> Change this and amp-script won't know <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">button</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <h3 id="retrieving-data-for-<amp-list>">Retrieving data for <code><amp-list></code></h3> <p>You may export a function to act as the data source for an <a href="https://amp.dev/documentation/components/amp-list/"><code><amp-list></code></a>. The exported function must return either JSON, or a Promise that resolves with JSON.</p> <p>The export API is available on the global scope and has the following signature:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="cm">/**</span> <span class="cm"> * @param {string} name the name to identify the function by.</span> <span class="cm"> * @param {Function} function the function to export.</span> <span class="cm"> */</span> <span class="kd">function</span> <span class="nx">exportFunction</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kd">function</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{}</span> </pre></div> <h2 id="restrictions">Restrictions</h2> <p>In order to maintain AMP's guarantees of performance and layout stability, <code>amp-script</code> imposes some restrictions.</p> <h3 id="size-of-javascript-code">Size of JavaScript code</h3> <p><code>amp-script</code> has standards for the size of code:</p> <ul> <li>Each inline script can contain up to 10,000 bytes</li> <li>The scripts on a page can contain a total of up to 150,000 bytes</li> <li>The scripts running in sandboxed mode on a page can contain a total of up to 300,000 bytes</li> </ul> <h3 id="user-gestures">User gestures</h3> <p>In some cases, <code>amp-script</code> will not apply DOM changes triggered by your JavaScript code unless the code was triggered by a user gesture - say, a button tap. This helps keep <a href="https://web.dev/cls/">content layout shift</a> from causing a poor user experience.</p> <p>The rules are less restrictive for <code>amp-script</code> containers whose size cannot change. This is the case when the <code>layout</code> is not <code>container</code> and when the dimensions are specified in HTML. Let's call such containers "fixed-size". Containers whose size can change, we'll call "variable-sized".</p> <p>Here are some examples of fixed-size containers:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span> <span class="na">layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"fill"</span> <span class="na">height</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"300"</span> <span class="na">width</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"500"</span> <span class="na">script</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"myscript"</span><span class="p">></</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span> <span class="na">layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"fixed-height"</span> <span class="na">height</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"300"</span> <span class="na">script</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"myscript"</span> <span class="p">></</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <p>Here are some examples of variable-sized containers:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span> <span class="na">layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"responsive"</span> <span class="na">script</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"myscript"</span><span class="p">></</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span> <span class="na">layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"fixed"</span> <span class="na">height</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"300"</span> <span class="na">script</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"myscript"</span><span class="p">></</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span> <span class="na">layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span> <span class="na">height</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"300"</span> <span class="na">width</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"500"</span> <span class="na">script</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"myscript"</span><span class="p">></</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <p>DOM changes are permitted as follows:</p> <ul> <li>in <strong>fixed-size containers</strong>, your code can make any change at any time.</li> <li>in <strong>variable-size containers</strong>, your code can only make a change after a user gesture. It then has 5 seconds to make changes. If your code makes one or more <code>fetch()</code>'s, it can continue to make changes until 5 seconds after the last <code>fetch()</code> completes.</li> </ul> <table> <tbody><tr> <td></td><td>fixed-size container</td><td>variable-size container</td> </tr> <tr> <td>change on page load</td><td>allowed anytime</td><td>not allowed</td> </tr> <tr> <td>change after user event</td><td>allowed anytime</td><td>allowed for 5 seconds + fetch()</td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p> </p><div class="ap-m-tip"> <div class="ap-a-ico ap-m-tip-icon"> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#speech-bubble"/></svg> </div> <div class="ap-m-tip-content"> <a href="https://amp.dev/documentation/guides-and-tutorials/learn/amp-html-layout/#layout">See here</a> for more information about AMP's layout system. </div> </div><p></p> <h2 id="calculating-the-script-hash">Calculating the script hash</h2> <p>Since custom JS run in <code>amp-script</code> is not subject to normal <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/CSP">Content Security Policy</a>, you need to add a script hash:</p> <ul> <li>for inline JavaScript</li> <li>for JavaScript loaded from a cross-origin source</li> </ul> <p>Include the script hash in a <code>meta[name=amp-script-src]</code> element in the document head. You need a hash for each script that's used by an <code><amp-script></code> component. Here are a few ways to build the hash:</p> <ul> <li>If you omit the <code><meta></code> tag, AMP will output a console error containing the expected hash string. You can copy this to create the appropriate <code><meta></code> tag.</li> <li>The <a href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/@ampproject/toolbox-optimizer">AMP Optimizer node module</a> generates this hash and inserts the <code><meta></code> tag automatically.</li> <li>Build it yourself, using the following steps:</li> </ul> <ol> <li>Compute the SHA384 hash sum of the script's contents. This sum should be expressed in hexadecimal.</li> <li>base64url-encode the result.</li> <li>Prefix that with <code>sha384-</code>.</li> </ol> <p>Here's how you calculate the hash in Node.js:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">crypto</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">require</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'crypto'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">hash</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">crypto</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">createHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'sha384'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="kd">function</span> <span class="nx">generateCSPHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">script</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">hash</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">update</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">script</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'utf8'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">(</span> <span class="s1">'sha384-'</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nx">data</span> <span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">digest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'base64'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">replace</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sr">/=/g</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">replace</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sr">/\+/g</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'-'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">replace</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sr">/\//g</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'_'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">);</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <p>The <a href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/@ampproject/toolbox-script-csp">@ampproject/toolbox-script-csp</a> node module computes the hash as well.</p> <p>This example shows how to use the script hash in HTML:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="c"><!--</span> <span class="c"> A meta[name="amp-script-src"] element contains all script hashes for</span> <span class="c"> <amp-script> elements on the page, delimited by spaces.</span> <span class="c"> --></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"amp-script-src"</span> <span class="na">content</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"</span> <span class="s"> sha384-fake_hash_of_remote_js</span> <span class="s"> sha384-fake_hash_of_local_script</span> <span class="s"> "</span> <span class="p">/></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="c"><!--</span> <span class="c"> A "src" attribute with a cross-origin URL requires adding a script hash.</span> <span class="c"> If the hash of remote.js's contents is "fake_hash_of_remote_js",</span> <span class="c"> we'll add "sha384-fake_hash_of_remote_js" to the <meta> tag above.</span> <span class="c">--></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span> <span class="na">src</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"cross.origin/remote.js"</span> <span class="na">layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="c"><!--</span> <span class="c"> A "script" attribute also requires adding a script hash.</span> <span class="c"> If the hash of #myScript's text contents is "fake_hash_of_local_script",</span> <span class="c"> we'll add "sha384-fake_hash_of_local_script" to the <meta> tag above.</span> <span class="c"> --></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span> <span class="na">script</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"myScript"</span> <span class="na">layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-script</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">script</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/plain"</span> <span class="na">target</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"amp-script"</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"myScript"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">body</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">textContent</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="s1">'Hello world!'</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">script</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <p> </p><div class="ap-m-tip"> <div class="ap-a-ico ap-m-tip-icon"> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#speech-bubble"/></svg> </div> <div class="ap-m-tip-content"> During development, you can disable the JavaScript size and script hash requirements by adding a <code>data-ampdevmode</code> attribute to either the <code>amp-script</code> element or the root html node. Adding this attribute to the root html node will suppress all validation errors on the page. Adding it to the <code>amp-script</code> element will simply suppress errors about the size and the script hash. </div> </div><p></p> <h2 id="attributes">Attributes</h2> <h3 id="src">src</h3> <p>For executing remote scripts.</p> <p>The URL of a JS file that will be executed in the context of this <code><amp-script></code>. The URL's protocol must be HTTPS. The HTTP response's <code>Content-Type</code> must be <code>application/javascript</code> or <code>text/javascript</code>.</p> <h3 id="script">script</h3> <p>For executing local scripts.</p> <p>The <code>id</code> of a <code>script[type=text/plain][target=amp-script]</code> element whose text content contains JS that will be executed in the context of this <code><amp-script></code>.</p> <h3 id="sandbox">sandbox</h3> <p>Applies extra restrictions to DOM that may be mutated by this <code><amp-script></code>. Similar to the <code>iframe[sandbox]</code> attribute, the value of the attribute can either be empty to apply all restrictions, or space-separated tokens to lift particular restrictions:</p> <ul> <li><code>allow-forms</code>: Allows <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLFormElement/elements">form elements</a> to be created and modified. AMP requires special handling to prevent unauthorized state changing requests from user input. See amp-form's <a href="https://amp.dev/documentation/components/amp-form#security-considerations">security considerations</a> for more detail.</li> </ul> <h3 id="max-age">max-age</h3> <p>Requires the <code>script</code> attribute. This attribute is optional, but required for signed exchanges if <code>script</code> is specified.</p> <p>The <code>max-age</code> attribute specifies the maximum lifetime in seconds the local script is allowed to be served from the time of <a href="https://amp.dev/documentation/guides-and-tutorials/optimize-and-measure/signed-exchange/">signed exchange (SXG)</a> publishing. <a href="https://github.com/ampproject/amppackager">AMP Packager</a> uses this value to compute the SXG <code>expires</code> time.</p> <p>The value of <code>max-age</code> should be chosen carefully:</p> <ul> <li> <p>A longer <code>max-age</code> increases the potential security impact of a <a href="https://wicg.github.io/webpackage/draft-yasskin-http-origin-signed-responses.html#seccons-downgrades">SXG downgrade</a>.</p> </li> <li> <p>A shorter <code>max-age</code> may prevent inclusion in AMP Caches that have a minimum SXG lifetime. For instance, the Google AMP Cache requires at least <a href="https://github.com/ampproject/amppackager/blob/releases/docs/cache_requirements.md#google-amp-cache">4 days</a> (345600 seconds). Note that there's currently no reason to select <code>max-age</code> longer than 7 days (604800 seconds), due to the <a href="https://wicg.github.io/webpackage/draft-yasskin-http-origin-signed-responses.html#name-signature-validity">maximum</a> set by the SXG spec.</p> </li> </ul> <p>If you don't publish signed exchanges, <code>max-age</code> does nothing.</p> <h3 id="nodom">nodom</h3> <p>The optional <code>nodom</code> attribute optimizes <code><amp-script></code> for use as a data-layer rather than as a UI layer. It removes the ability for the <code><amp-script></code> to make DOM modifications, in favor of a signficantly smaller bundle size and therefore better performance. It also automatically hides the <code><amp-script></code>, so you may omit the height and width attributes.</p> <h3 id="sandboxed">sandboxed</h3> <p> </p><div class="ap-m-tip"> <div class="ap-a-ico ap-m-tip-icon"> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#speech-bubble"/></svg> </div> <div class="ap-m-tip-content"> Not to be confused with the <strong>sandbox</strong> attribute. </div> </div><p></p> <p>If set, this will signal that worker-dom should activate sandboxed mode. In this mode the Worker lives in its own crossorigin iframe, creating a strong security boundary. It also forces <strong>nodom</strong> mode. Because of the strong security boundary, sandboxed scripts do not need to provide a script hash.</p> <h3 id="common-attributes">common attributes</h3> <p>This element includes <a href="https://amp.dev/documentation/guides-and-tutorials/learn/common_attributes">common attributes</a> extended to AMP components.</p> <h2 id="errors-and-warnings">Errors and warnings</h2> <p>A few runtime errors may be encountered when using <code>amp-script</code>.</p> <p><strong>The inline script is (...) bytes, which exceeds the limit of 10,000.</strong></p> <p>No inline script can exceed 10,000 bytes. See <a href="#size-of-javascript-code">Size of JavaScript code</a> above.</p> <p><strong>Maximum total script size exceeded (...)</strong></p> <p>The total of all non-sandboxed scripts used by a page cannot exceed 150,000 bytes. See <a href="#size-of-javascript-code">Size of JavaScript code</a> above.</p> <p>The total of all sandboxed scripts (see <a href="#sandboxed">Sandboxed Mode</a>) used by a page cannot exceed 300,000 bytes. See <a href="#size-of-javascript-code">Size of JavaScript code</a> above.</p> <p><strong>Script hash not found.</strong></p> <p>For local scripts and cross-origin scripts, you need to add a <a href="#calculating-the-script-hash">script hash</a> for security.</p> <p><strong>(...) must have "sha384-(...)" in meta[name="amp-script-src"]</strong></p> <p>Again, you need the <a href="#calculating-the-script-hash">script hash</a>. Simply copy the value in this error into your <code><meta></code> tag.</p> <p><strong>JavaScript script hash requirements are disabled in sandboxed mode.</strong></p> <p><strong>JavaScript size and script hash requirements are disabled in development mode.</strong></p> <p>If your <code><amp-script></code> includes the <code>data-ampdevmode</code> attribute, AMP won't check your <a href="#calculating-the-script-hash">script hash</a> or the size of your code.</p> <p><strong>Blocked (...) attempts to modify (...)</strong></p> <p>To avoid undesirable content layout shift, <code>amp-script</code> disallows DOM mutations under certain conditions. See <a href="#user-gestures">User gestures</a> above.</p> <p><strong>amp-script... was terminated due to illegal mutation</strong></p> <p>If a script attempts too many disallowed DOM changes, <code>amp-script</code> may halt the script so that it doesn't get too far out of sync with the DOM.</p> <p><strong>AMP.setState only updated page state and did not reevaluate bindings due to lack of recent user interaction.</strong></p> <p>If you modify a state variable in a variable-sized container before a user interaction, <code>amp-script</code> will not upate the DOM to avoid undesirable content layout shift. See <a href="#referencing-amp-state">Referencing amp-state</a> above.</p> <p><strong>Form elements (...) cannot be mutated unless your <code><amp-script></code> includes the attribute sandbox="allow-forms".</strong></p> <p>This attribute is required for security. See <a href="#common-attributes">common attributes</a> above.</p> <p><strong>Sanitized node: (...)</strong></p> <p>If your code adds a disallowed element (like <code><script></code>, <code><style></code>, or an unsupported AMP component), <code>amp-script</code> will remove it.</p> </section> <section class="ap--help"> <div class="-li"> <span class="-ls">Benötigst du noch Hilfe?</span> <p class="-lu">Du hast dieses Dokument mehrmals gelesen, hast aber immer noch Fragen? Vielleicht hatten andere Nutzer das gleiche Problem: Schau doch bei Stack Overflow vorbei und lass dir von ihnen helfen.</p> <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/amp-html" rel="noopener" class="-n"> <svg class="ap-a-ico -i"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#external"/></svg> <span class="-r">Zu Stack Overflow wechseln</span> </a> <div class="-la"></div> <span class="-ls">Möchtest du einen Bug oder ein fehlendes Feature melden?</span> <p class="-lu">Das AMP Projekt ist auf deine Teilnahme und deine Beiträge angewiesen! Wir hoffen natürlich, dass du dich aktiv an unserer Open Source Community beteiligen wirst. 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href="/de/documentation/components/websites/amp-inputmask/">amp-inputmask</a> </li> <li class="nav-item level-2 "> <a class="nav-link" href="/de/documentation/components/websites/amp-instagram/">amp-instagram</a> </li> <li class="nav-item level-2 "> <a class="nav-link" href="/de/documentation/components/websites/amp-install-serviceworker/">amp-install-serviceworker</a> </li> <li class="nav-item level-2 "> <a class="nav-link" href="/de/documentation/components/websites/amp-izlesene/">amp-izlesene</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="nav-item level-1"> <ul class="nav-list level-2"> <li class="nav-link">J</li> <li class="nav-item level-2 "> <a class="nav-link" href="/de/documentation/components/websites/amp-jwplayer/">amp-jwplayer</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="nav-item level-1"> <ul class="nav-list level-2"> <li class="nav-link">K</li> <li class="nav-item level-2 "> <a class="nav-link" href="/de/documentation/components/websites/amp-kaltura-player/">amp-kaltura-player</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="nav-item level-1"> <ul class="nav-list level-2"> <li class="nav-link">L</li> <li class="nav-item level-2 "> <a class="nav-link" href="/de/documentation/components/websites/amp-layout/">amp-layout</a> </li> <li class="nav-item level-2 "> <a class="nav-link" href="/de/documentation/components/websites/amp-lightbox-gallery/">amp-lightbox-gallery</a> </li> <li class="nav-item level-2 "> <a class="nav-link" href="/de/documentation/components/websites/amp-lightbox/">amp-lightbox</a> </li> <li class="nav-item level-2 "> <a class="nav-link" href="/de/documentation/components/websites/amp-link-rewriter/">amp-link-rewriter</a> </li> <li class="nav-item level-2 "> <a class="nav-link" href="/de/documentation/components/websites/amp-list/">amp-list</a> </li> <li class="nav-item level-2 "> <a class="nav-link" href="/de/documentation/components/websites/amp-live-list/">amp-live-list</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="nav-item level-1"> <ul class="nav-list level-2"> <li 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href="/de/documentation/components/websites/amp-nested-menu/">amp-nested-menu</a> </li> <li class="nav-item level-2 "> <a class="nav-link" href="/de/documentation/components/websites/amp-next-page/">amp-next-page</a> </li> <li class="nav-item level-2 "> <a class="nav-link" href="/de/documentation/components/websites/amp-nexxtv-player/">amp-nexxtv-player</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="nav-item level-1"> <ul class="nav-list level-2"> <li class="nav-link">O</li> <li class="nav-item level-2 "> <a class="nav-link" href="/de/documentation/components/websites/amp-o2-player/">amp-o2-player</a> </li> <li class="nav-item level-2 "> <a class="nav-link" href="/de/documentation/components/websites/amp-onetap-google/">amp-onetap-google</a> </li> <li class="nav-item level-2 "> <a class="nav-link" href="/de/documentation/components/websites/amp-ooyala-player/">amp-ooyala-player</a> </li> <li class="nav-item level-2 "> <a class="nav-link" href="/de/documentation/components/websites/amp-orientation-observer/">amp-orientation-observer</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="nav-item level-1"> <ul class="nav-list level-2"> <li class="nav-link">P</li> <li class="nav-item level-2 "> <a class="nav-link" href="/de/documentation/components/websites/amp-pan-zoom/">amp-pan-zoom</a> </li> <li class="nav-item level-2 "> <a class="nav-link" href="/de/documentation/components/websites/amp-pinterest/">amp-pinterest</a> </li> <li class="nav-item level-2 "> <a class="nav-link" href="/de/documentation/components/websites/amp-pixel/">amp-pixel</a> </li> <li class="nav-item level-2 "> <a class="nav-link" href="/de/documentation/components/websites/amp-playbuzz/">amp-playbuzz</a> </li> <li class="nav-item level-2 "> <a class="nav-link" href="/de/documentation/components/websites/amp-position-observer/">amp-position-observer</a> </li> <li class="nav-item level-2 "> <a class="nav-link" 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