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href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/finance/en/">How to Pay</a></li> </ul> </div></div> <p class="flyout__span d-hide"> <a class="btn btn-info" href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/services/en/">All IP Services</a></p></div></li><li class="flyout-control"> <a class="m-hide" href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/policy/en/">Policy</a> <a class="t-hide d-hide" href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/policy/en/">Policy</a><div class="flyout"><div class="nav-group nav-group--two"><div class="nav nav--one"> <h3 class="flyout__header">Decision Making & Negotiating Bodies</h3> <ul class="flyout__list"><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/assemblies/">WIPO Assemblies</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/policy/en/sccr/">SCCR - Standing Committee on Copyright and Related Rights</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/policy/en/scp/">SCP - Standing Committee on the Law of Patents</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/policy/en/sct/">SCT - Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/tk/en/igc/">IGC - Intergovernmental Committee on IP & GR, TK & Folklore</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/policy/en/cdip/">CDIP - Committee on Development and IP</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/cws/en/">CWS - Committee on WIPO Standards</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/enforcement/en/ace/">ACE - Advisory Committee on Enforcement</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/policy/en/index.html#bodies">All Decision Making & Negotiating Bodies</a></li> </ul></div><div class="nav nav--two"> <h3 class="flyout__header">IP & Other Policy Topics</h3> <ul class="flyout__list"><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/tk/en/">Traditional Knowledge</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/econ_stat/en/economics/">Economics</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/policy/en/global_health/">Global Health</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/policy/en/climate_change/">Climate Change</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/ip-competition/en/">Competition Policy</a></li> </ul></div></div> <p class="flyout__span d-hide"> <a class="btn btn-info" href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/policy/en/">All policy</a></p></div></li> <li class="flyout-control"> <a class="m-hide" href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/cooperation/en/">Cooperation</a> <a class="t-hide d-hide" href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/cooperation/en/">Cooperation</a><div class="flyout"><div class="nav-group nav-group--three"> <div class="nav nav--one"> <h3 class="flyout__header">Development Cooperation</h3> <ul class="flyout__list"><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/ip-development/en/agenda/">Development Agenda</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/cooperation/en/technical_assistance/">Technical Assistance</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/cooperation/en/capacity_building/">Human Capacity Building</a></li> </ul></div> <div class="nav nav--two"> <h3 class="flyout__header">Public-Private Partnerships</h3> <ul class="flyout__list"><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/research/en/" target="_blank">WIPO Re:Search</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180813063208/http://www.accessiblebooksconsortium.org/" target="_blank">Accessible Books Consortium</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180813063208/https://www3.wipo.int/wipogreen/en/" target="_blank">WIPO GREEN</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/ardi/en/">ARDI</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/aspi/en/">ASPI</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/wipo-match/en/">WIPO Match</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="nav nav--three"> <h3 class="flyout__header">Global Cooperation</h3> <ul class="flyout__list"><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/global_ip/en/">Global Infrastructure</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/enforcement/en/">Building Respect for IP</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <p class="flyout__span d-hide"> <a class="btn btn-info" href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/cooperation/en/">All cooperation</a></p></div></li> <li class="flyout-control"> <a class="m-hide" href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/reference/en/">Knowledge</a> <a class="t-hide d-hide" href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/reference/en/">Knowledge</a><div class="flyout"><div class="nav-group nav-group--three"><div class="nav nav--one"> <h3 class="flyout__header">IP Databases</h3> <ul class="flyout__list"><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/patentscope/en/">PATENTSCOPE</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/reference/en/branddb/">Global Brand Database</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/madrid/monitor/en/">Madrid Monitor</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/reference/en/designdb/">Global Design Database</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/hague/en/design_search/">Hague Express</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/ipdl/en/6ter/search-struct.jsp">Article 6ter</a></li> </ul></div><div class="nav nav--two"> <h3 class="flyout__header">Legal Resources</h3> <ul class="flyout__list"><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/">IP Laws and Treaties (WIPO Lex)</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/">WIPO Administered Treaties</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="flyout__header">Technical Resources</h3> <ul class="flyout__list"><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/classifications/en/">International Classifications</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/standards/en/">Standards (WIPO Handbook)</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/reference/en/wipopearl/">Terminology (WIPO Pearl)</a></li> </ul></div><div class="nav nav--three"> <h3 class="flyout__header">Information Resources</h3> <ul class="flyout__list"><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/meetings/en/archive.jsp">Documents</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/ipstats/en/">Statistics</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/publications/en/">Publications</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/directory/en/">Country Profiles</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/ipadvantage/en/">Case Studies</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/library/en/">Library</a></li> </ul></div></div> <p class="flyout__span d-hide"><a class="btn btn-info" href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/reference/en/">All knowledge</a></p></div></li><li class="flyout-control"> <a class="m-hide" href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/about-ip/en/">About IP</a> <a class="t-hide d-hide" href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/about-ip/en/">About IP</a><div class="flyout"><div class="nav-group nav-group--three"><div class="nav nav--one"> <h3 class="flyout__header">Intellectual Property</h3> <ul class="flyout__list"><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/copyright/en/">Copyright</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/patents/en/">Patents</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/trademarks/en/">Trademarks</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/designs/en/">Industrial Designs</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/geo_indications/en/">Geographical Indications</a></li> </ul></div><div class="nav nav--two"> <h3 class="flyout__header">Training</h3> <ul class="flyout__list"><li> <a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/academy/en/">WIPO Academy</a></li><li> <a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/meetings/en/topic_type.jsp?group_id=242">Workshops & Seminars</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="flyout__header">IP and ...</h3> <ul class="flyout__list"> <li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/about-ip/en/artificial_intelligence/">Artificial Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/about-ip/en/universities_research/">Universities</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/women-and-ip/en/">Gender Equality</a></li> </ul> </div><div class="nav nav--three"> <h3 class="flyout__header">Raising Awareness</h3> <ul class="flyout__list"><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/ip-outreach/en/ipday/">World IP Day</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/ip-outreach/en/awards/">WIPO Awards</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/ip-outreach/en/tools/">Outreach Campaigns</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/wipo_magazine/en/">WIPO Magazine</a></li> </ul></div></div> <p class="flyout__span d-hide"> <a class="btn btn-info" href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/about-ip/en/">All about IP</a></p></div></li><li class="flyout-control"> <a class="m-hide" href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/">About WIPO</a> <a class="t-hide d-hide" href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/">About WIPO</a><div class="flyout flyout--shaded"><div class="nav-group nav-group--three"><div class="nav nav--one"> <h3 class="flyout__header">About WIPO</h3> <ul class="flyout__list"><li><a 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href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/">All about WIPO</a></p></div></li><li class="flyout__control flyout__trailer u-text-center d-hide t-hide"> <a href="#tools" title="Go to Meetings, Language, My Account, Media and Contact information">Tools ↓</a></li> </ul> <form method="GET" action="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/tools/en/gsearch.html" class="form-search" name="searchm" id="searchm"> <input name="cx" type="hidden" value="016458537594905406506:hmturfwvzzq"> <input name="cof" type="hidden" value="FORID:11"> <label class="element-invisible" for="querym">Search</label> <input class="search-query" id="querym" name="q" placeholder="Search WIPO" type="text"> <button class="btn ss-search" title="Search"></button> </form></div> </nav><div class="container"> <div class="wrap-outer"> <div class="wrap-inner"> <ul class="nav-breadcrumb"><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/portal/en/">Home</a></li><li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/policy/en/">Policy</a></li> <li class="active"><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/econ_stat/en/economics/">Economics of IP</a></li> </ul> <div class="dropdown nav__on-this-page"><a class="dropdown-toggle" href="#" data-toggle="dropdown">On this page <strong class="caret"></strong></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu--on-this-page"> <li><a href="#publications">Publications</a></li> <li><a href="#databases">Databases</a></li> <li><a href="#seminars">Seminar series</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="content"> <h1>The Economics of IP</h1> <div class="main"> <p class="lead">Intellectual property (IP) protection is an important component of national economic policies. Governments face complex choices on how to design an IP system that best serves their policy objectives, and how to respond to changes in technology and in business models that challenge the status quo.</p> <p class="lead">WIPO seeks to contribute to a better understanding of the economic effects of different IP policy choices and to offer a first entry point for information on the economics of IP.</p> </div> <div class="complementary"> <figure><img src="/web/20180813063208im_/http://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/shared/pics/i_000042826844_600.jpg" alt=""/> <figcaption class="credit">(Photo: iStockphoto.com/shironosov)</figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> <div class="content line"> <div class="main"><a name="news"></a> <div id="wipo-news" data-layout="vertical" data-number="2" data-xml="/tools/en/includes/ocms_news.xml?path=/econ_stat/en/economics/news/"></div> </div> <div class="complementary"> <div class="box"> <h3 class="box__header">Email updates</h3> <p><strong><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/newsletters-archive/en/econ_stat_highlights.html" target="_blank">Economics & Statistics Highlights</a></strong> – Information about new economics & statistics publications and tools from WIPO. 4-7 per year.</p> <a class="btn call-to-action" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180813063208/https://www3.wipo.int/newsletters/en/#econ_stat_highlights" type="submit">Sign up</a> | <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180813063208/https://www3.wipo.int/newsletters/en/">All WIPO newsletters</a></div> </div> </div>  <div class="content cols cols--two line"> <h2><a name="publications"></a>Publications</h2> <p>WIPO synthesizes economic analysis, conducts original research, and commissions studies from academic economists. The resulting publications – taking the form of World IP Reports, WIPO Economic Research Working Papers, and Miscellaneous Economics Publications – seek to inform the public policy discourse on IP protection.</p> <div class="col col--one"> <div class="media media--publications"><a class="pull-left" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/publications/en/series/index.jsp?id=129"><img class="media-object" style="border: 1px solid;" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180813063208im_/http://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/cover/wipo_pub_gii_2018.jpg" alt="GII 2018"/></a> <div class="media-body"> <h3 class="media-heading"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/publications/en/series/index.jsp?id=129">Global Innovation Index</a></h3> <p>The Global Innovation Index (GII) ranks the innovation performance of some 130 countries and economies around the world, based on 80+ indicators. The GII is co-published by WIPO, Cornell University and INSEAD.</p> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/pressroom/en/articles/2018/article_0005.html">Release of the Global Innovation Index 2018</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="col col--two"> <div class="media media--publications"><a class="pull-left" href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/publications/en/series/index.jsp?id=38"><img class="media-object" style="border: 1px solid;" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180813063208im_/http://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/cover/wipo_pub_944_2017.jpg" alt="WIPR"/></a> <div class="media-body"> <h3 class="media-heading"><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/publications/en/series/index.jsp?id=38">World Intellectual Property Report</a></h3> <p>The World Intellectual Property Report is published every two years, with each edition focusing on specific trends in an area of IP.</p> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/pressroom/en/articles/2017/article_0012.html">Release of the World Intellectual Property Report 2017</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content cols cols--two"> <div class="col col--one"> <h3><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/publications/en/series/index.jsp?id=138&sort=code">WIPO economic research working papers</a></h3> <p>The WIPO Economic Research Working Paper Series includes economic and statistical studies that are the outcome of professional research.</p> </div> <div class="col col--two"> <h3><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/econ_stat/en/economics/studies/">Development studies</a></h3> <p>Development studies include WIPO economic research projects contributing to narrowing the knowledge gap faced by IP policymakers in developing economies.</p> </div> </div> <div class="content cols cols--two line"> <h2><a name="databases"></a>Databases</h2> <div class="col col--one"> <h3><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/econ_stat/en/economics/econdb/">Economics Literature Database</a></h3> <p>WIPO’s Economics Literature Database is a knowledge tool for researchers, policy-makers, and anyone interested in the economics of IP. Browse the database to get a snapshot of the key academic literature in this field.</p> </div> <div class="col col--two"> <h3><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/econ_stat/en/economics/research/" target="_self">Data for Researchers</a></h3> <p>WIPO's Data for Researchers page lists links to databases containing innovation-related statistics that are frequently used in economics studies. It is a convenient starting point for researchers who are interested in obtaining empirical raw data on the subject matter.</p> </div> </div> <div class="content line"> <div class="main"> <h2><a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/econ_stat/en/economics/seminars.html" name="seminars">Seminar series</a></h2> <p class="lead">The WIPO Seminar Series on the Economics of Intellectual Property features economists from around the world, presenting their latest research to a policy-oriented audience. It seeks to stimulate an informed discourse on the effects of IP policies on economic performance.</p> <h3>Insights from economists on YouTube</h3> <ul class="dot__list"> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180813063208/http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLsm_LOEppJawWkATdHL6WSpl3_Venq6uw" target="blank">Videos of the economic seminars and interviews with researchers</a> on innovation, creativity and IP.</li> </ul> </div> <div class="complementary"> <div class="listings listings--archive"> <article class="listing listing--archive"> <h3 class="header">Latest seminar</h3> <video width="300" height="150" tabindex="0" poster="/web/20180813063208im_/http://www.wipo.int/shared/pics/posters/wipo_ip_econ_ge_2_15_640.jpg" preload="none" controls="controls"> <source type="video/ogg" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180813063208im_/http://www.wipo.int/multimedia-video/en/meetings/wipo_ip_econ_ge_2_15/wipo_ip_econ_ge_2_15.ogg"/> <source type="video/webm" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180813063208im_/http://www.wipo.int/multimedia-video/en/meetings/wipo_ip_econ_ge_2_15/wipo_ip_econ_ge_2_15.webm"/> <source type="video/mp4" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180813063208im_/http://www.wipo.int/multimedia-video/en/meetings/wipo_ip_econ_ge_2_15/wipo_ip_econ_ge_2_15.mp4"/> </video> <p>Video: Digitization and the Quality and Quantity of New Music, Books, and Movies - October 15, 2015</p> </article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content cols cols--three line"> <h2>Related links</h2> <div class="col col--one"> <h3>IP statistics</h3> <p>WIPO cooperates with IP offices across the world to collate, analyze and publish up-to-date statistics, including reports on IP filing activity worldwide. <a href="/web/20180813063208/http://www.wipo.int/ipstats/en/" target="_self">Find out more about WIPO statistics</a>.</p> </div>  <div class="col col--two"> <h3>About IP</h3> <ul class="dividers"> <li><a 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