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{"work":{"id":59838724,"created_at":"2021-10-24T12:46:15.236-07:00","from_world_paper_id":181473496,"updated_at":"2021-10-24T13:09:21.541-07:00","_data":{"publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_date":"2004,,","publication_name":"NeuroImage"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Coupling of cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption during physiological activation and deactivation measured with fMRI","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [32210414]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" 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data-doc_id="73554441" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/59838724/Coupling_of_cerebral_blood_flow_and_oxygen_consumption_during_physiological_activation_and_deactivation_measured_with_fMRI" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="52000210" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/52000210/Model_of_Blood_Brain_Transfer_of_Oxygen_Explains_Nonlinear_Flow_Metabolism_Coupling_During_Stimulation_of_Visual_Cortex">Model of Blood-Brain Transfer of Oxygen Explains Nonlinear Flow-Metabolism Coupling During Stimulation of Visual Cortex</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="47162297" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AGjedde">Albert Gjedde</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2000</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The coupling between cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) and blood flow (CBF) in response to visual stimulation was evaluated by means of a model of oxygen delivery. The model predicted a nonlinear relationship between stimulus-evoked changes of oxygen consumption and blood flow. The magnitude of the CMRO2/CBF ratio index ( IO2) was used to indicate the degree of flow-metabolism coupling prevailing in specific areas of the brain during physiological stimulation. Therefore, the index provided a measure of the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance contrast. To evaluate the changes of IO2 in response to visual stimulation, the model was applied to the effect of a changing flicker rate of a visual stimulus on the magnitudes of CBF, CMRO2, and oxygen diffusion capacity, in the human brain. Positron emission tomography (PET) was used to measure the CBF and the CMRO2 in 12 healthy volunteers who viewed a cross-hair (baseline) or a yellow-blue annular checkerboar...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Model of Blood-Brain Transfer of Oxygen Explains Nonlinear Flow-Metabolism Coupling During Stimulation of Visual Cortex","attachmentId":69467522,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/52000210/Model_of_Blood_Brain_Transfer_of_Oxygen_Explains_Nonlinear_Flow_Metabolism_Coupling_During_Stimulation_of_Visual_Cortex","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/52000210/Model_of_Blood_Brain_Transfer_of_Oxygen_Explains_Nonlinear_Flow_Metabolism_Coupling_During_Stimulation_of_Visual_Cortex"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="109536671" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/109536671/Adaptation_of_cerebral_oxygen_metabolism_and_blood_flow_and_modulation_of_neurovascular_coupling_with_prolonged_stimulation_in_human_visual_cortex">Adaptation of cerebral oxygen metabolism and blood flow and modulation of neurovascular coupling with prolonged stimulation in human visual cortex</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32478770" href="https://ucsd.academia.edu/RichardbBuxton">Richard b. Buxton</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">NeuroImage, 2013</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Adaptation of cerebral oxygen metabolism and blood flow and modulation of neurovascular coupling with prolonged stimulation in human visual cortex","attachmentId":107632484,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/109536671/Adaptation_of_cerebral_oxygen_metabolism_and_blood_flow_and_modulation_of_neurovascular_coupling_with_prolonged_stimulation_in_human_visual_cortex","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/109536671/Adaptation_of_cerebral_oxygen_metabolism_and_blood_flow_and_modulation_of_neurovascular_coupling_with_prolonged_stimulation_in_human_visual_cortex"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="59387105" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/59387105/Cerebral_oxygen_demand_for_short_lived_and_steady_state_events">Cerebral oxygen demand for short-lived and steady-state events</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33062822" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BasavarajuSanganahalli">Basavaraju Sanganahalli</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Neurochemistry, 2009</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Cerebral oxygen demand for short-lived and steady-state events","attachmentId":73336336,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/59387105/Cerebral_oxygen_demand_for_short_lived_and_steady_state_events","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/59387105/Cerebral_oxygen_demand_for_short_lived_and_steady_state_events"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="24488328" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/24488328/The_absolute_CBF_response_to_activation_is_preserved_during_elevated_perfusion_Implications_for_neurovascular_coupling_measures">The absolute \{CBF\} response to activation is preserved during elevated perfusion: Implications for neurovascular coupling measures</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4773866" href="https://cardiff.academia.edu/JosephWhittaker">Joseph Whittaker</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Abstract Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques in which the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) response to a neural stimulus are measured, can be used to estimate the fractional increase in the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption (CMRO2) that accompanies evoked neural activity. A measure of neurovascular coupling is obtained from the ratio of fractional \{CBF\} and \{CMRO2\} responses, defined as n, with the implicit assumption that relative rather than absolute changes in \{CBF\} and \{CMRO2\} adequately characterise the flow-metabolism response to neural activity. The coupling parameter n is important in terms of its effect on the \{BOLD\} response, and as potential insight into the flow-metabolism relationship in both normal and pathological brain function. In 10 healthy human subjects, \{BOLD\} and \{CBF\} responses were measured to test the effect of baseline perfusion (modulated by a hypercapnia challenge) on the coupling parameter n during graded visual stimulation. A dual-echo pulsed arterial spin labelling (PASL) sequence provided absolute quantification of \{CBF\} in baseline and active states as well as relative \{BOLD\} signal changes, which were used to estimate \{CMRO2\} responses to the graded visual stimulus. The absolute \{CBF\} response to the visual stimuli were constant across different baseline \{CBF\} levels, meaning the fractional \{CBF\} responses were reduced at the hyperperfused baseline state. For the graded visual stimuli, values of n were significantly reduced during hypercapnia induced hyperperfusion. Assuming the evoked neural responses to the visual stimuli are the same for both baseline \{CBF\} states, this result has implications for fMRI studies that aim to measure neurovascular coupling using relative changes in CBF. The coupling parameter n is sensitive to baseline CBF, which would confound its interpretation in fMRI studies where there may be significant differences in baseline perfusion between groups. The absolute change in CBF, as opposed to the change relative to baseline, may more closely match the underlying increase in neural activity in response to a stimulus.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The absolute \\{CBF\\} response to activation is preserved during elevated perfusion: Implications for neurovascular coupling measures","attachmentId":44821482,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/24488328/The_absolute_CBF_response_to_activation_is_preserved_during_elevated_perfusion_Implications_for_neurovascular_coupling_measures","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/24488328/The_absolute_CBF_response_to_activation_is_preserved_during_elevated_perfusion_Implications_for_neurovascular_coupling_measures"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="84249780" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/84249780/Dynamics_of_the_cerebral_blood_flow_response_to_brief_neural_activity_in_human_visual_cortex">Dynamics of the cerebral blood flow response to brief neural activity in human visual cortex</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="114671032" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AmandaTaylor79">Amanda Taylor</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow &amp; Metabolism, 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The blood oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signal depends on an interplay of cerebral blood flow (CBF), oxygen metabolism, and cerebral blood volume. Despite wide usage of BOLD fMRI, it is not clear how these physiological components create the BOLD signal. Here, baseline CBF and its dynamics evoked by a brief stimulus (2 s) in human visual cortex were measured at 3T. We found a stereotypical CBF response: immediate increase, rising to a peak a few second after the stimulus, followed by a significant undershoot. The BOLD hemodynamic response function (HRF) was also measured in the same session. Strong correlations between HRF and CBF peak responses indicate that the flow responses evoked by neural activation in nearby gray matter drive the early HRF. Remarkably, peak CBF and HRF were also strongly modulated by baseline perfusion. The CBF undershoot was reliable and significantly correlated with the HRF undershoot. However, late-time dynamics...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Dynamics of the cerebral blood flow response to brief neural activity in human visual cortex","attachmentId":89338280,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/84249780/Dynamics_of_the_cerebral_blood_flow_response_to_brief_neural_activity_in_human_visual_cortex","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/84249780/Dynamics_of_the_cerebral_blood_flow_response_to_brief_neural_activity_in_human_visual_cortex"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="30876870" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30876870/Increased_Oxygen_Consumption_Following_Activation_of_Brain_Theoretical_Footnotes_Using_Spectroscopic_Data_from_Barrel_Cortex">Increased Oxygen Consumption Following Activation of Brain: Theoretical Footnotes Using Spectroscopic Data from Barrel Cortex</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="58771282" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MylesJones1">Myles Jones</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">NeuroImage, 2001</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Increased Oxygen Consumption Following Activation of Brain: Theoretical Footnotes Using Spectroscopic Data from Barrel Cortex","attachmentId":51302949,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/30876870/Increased_Oxygen_Consumption_Following_Activation_of_Brain_Theoretical_Footnotes_Using_Spectroscopic_Data_from_Barrel_Cortex","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/30876870/Increased_Oxygen_Consumption_Following_Activation_of_Brain_Theoretical_Footnotes_Using_Spectroscopic_Data_from_Barrel_Cortex"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="19361905" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19361905/Trial_by_trial_relationship_between_neural_activity_oxygen_consumption_and_blood_flow_responses">Trial-by-trial relationship between neural activity, oxygen consumption, and blood flow responses</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="39627693" href="https://pitt.academia.edu/AlbertoVazquez">Alberto Vazquez</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">NeuroImage, 2008</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Trial-by-trial variability in local field potential (LFP), tissue partial pressure of oxygen (PO2), cerebral blood flow (CBF), and deoxyhemoglobin-weighted optical imaging of intrinsic signals (OIS) were tested in the rat somatosensory cortex while fixed electrical forepaw stimulation (1.0-ms pulses with amplitude of 1.2 mA at a frequency of 6 Hz) was repeatedly applied. The changes in the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) were also evaluated using a hypotension condition established by our group based on the administration of a vasodilator. Under normal conditions, CBF, PO2, and OIS showed positive signal changes (48%, 32%, and 0.42%, respectively) following stimulation. Over multiple trials, the CBF responses were well correlated with the integral of the LFP amplitudes (sigmaLFP) (Rmean=0.78), whereas a lower correlation was found between PO2 and sigmaLFP (Rmean=0.60) and between OIS and sigmaLFP (Rmean=0.54). Under the hypotension condition the LFP responses were preserved, but the CBF responses were suppressed and the PO2 and OIS changes were negative (-12% and -0.28%, respectively). In this condition, the trial-by-trial variations in PO2 and OIS were well correlated with the variability in sigmaLFPs (Rmean= -0.77 and -0.76, respectively), indicating a single trial coupling between CMRO2 changes and sigmaLFP. These findings show that CBF and CMRO2 signals are more directly correlated with neural activity compared to blood oxygen-sensitive methods such as OIS and BOLD fMRI.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Trial-by-trial relationship between neural activity, oxygen consumption, and blood flow responses","attachmentId":42096008,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/19361905/Trial_by_trial_relationship_between_neural_activity_oxygen_consumption_and_blood_flow_responses","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/19361905/Trial_by_trial_relationship_between_neural_activity_oxygen_consumption_and_blood_flow_responses"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="13227321" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13227321/A_Model_for_the_Coupling_Between_Cerebral_Blood_Flow_and_Oxygen_Metabolism_During_Neural_Stimulation">A Model for the Coupling Between Cerebral Blood Flow and Oxygen Metabolism During Neural Stimulation</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32478770" href="https://ucsd.academia.edu/RichardbBuxton">Richard b. Buxton</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, 1997</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A Model for the Coupling Between Cerebral Blood Flow and Oxygen Metabolism During Neural Stimulation","attachmentId":45571731,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/13227321/A_Model_for_the_Coupling_Between_Cerebral_Blood_Flow_and_Oxygen_Metabolism_During_Neural_Stimulation","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/13227321/A_Model_for_the_Coupling_Between_Cerebral_Blood_Flow_and_Oxygen_Metabolism_During_Neural_Stimulation"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="68157166" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/68157166/Mechanistic_Mathematical_Modeling_Tests_Hypotheses_of_the_Neurovascular_Coupling_in_fMRI">Mechanistic Mathematical Modeling Tests Hypotheses of the Neurovascular Coupling in fMRI</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32323851" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FredrikElinder">Fredrik Elinder</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">PLOS Computational Biology, 2016</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Mechanistic Mathematical Modeling Tests Hypotheses of the Neurovascular Coupling in fMRI","attachmentId":78733182,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/68157166/Mechanistic_Mathematical_Modeling_Tests_Hypotheses_of_the_Neurovascular_Coupling_in_fMRI","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/68157166/Mechanistic_Mathematical_Modeling_Tests_Hypotheses_of_the_Neurovascular_Coupling_in_fMRI"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View 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