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.mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:270px; font-size:100%;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><table style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left; font-size:88%; background:#f3f3f3"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <p><span style="font-size:120%">←</span> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1796_in_Germany" title="1796 in Germany">1796</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1795" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1795">1795</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1794" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1794">1794</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"><figure class="mw-halign-right mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_with_haloes_(1430-1806).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_with_haloes_%281430-1806%29.svg/80px-Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_with_haloes_%281430-1806%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_with_haloes_%281430-1806%29.svg/120px-Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_with_haloes_%281430-1806%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_with_haloes_%281430-1806%29.svg/160px-Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_with_haloes_%281430-1806%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td> <td class="summary" style="text-align:center; width:50%; font-size:125%; font-weight:bold;"><span style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/AD_1797" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1797">1797</a></span><br /> in<br /> <span class="adr"><span class="country-name location"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:right; font-size:88%; background:#f3f3f3"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <p><span style="font-size:120%">→</span> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1798_in_Germany" title="1798 in Germany">1798</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1799_in_Germany" title="1799 in Germany">1799</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1800_in_Germany" title="1800 in Germany">1800</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-size:88%;">Decades:</th><td class="infobox-data hlist" style="font-size:88%; text-align:center;"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1800s_in_Germany" title="Category:1800s in Germany">1800s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1810s_in_Germany" title="Category:1810s in Germany">1810s</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-size:88%;">See also:</th><td class="infobox-data hlist" style="font-size:88%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1797" title="1797">Other events of 1797</a><br /><a href="/wiki/History_of_Germany" title="History of Germany">History of Germany</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_German_history" title="Timeline of German history">Timeline</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/List_of_years_in_Germany" title="List of years in Germany">Years</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Events from the year <b>1797 in Germany</b>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Incumbents">Incumbents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1797_in_Germany&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Incumbents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Holy_Roman_Empire">Holy Roman Empire</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1797_in_Germany&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Holy Roman Empire"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Francis_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor">Francis II</a> (5 July 1792 – 6 August 1806)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Important_Electors">Important Electors</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1797_in_Germany&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Important Electors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bavaria" title="Kingdom of Bavaria">Bavaria</a></b>- <a href="/wiki/Charles_Theodore,_Elector_of_Bavaria" title="Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria">Charles I</a> (30 December 1777 – 16 February 1799)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Saxony" title="Kingdom of Saxony">Saxony</a></b>- <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Augustus_I_of_Saxony" title="Frederick Augustus I of Saxony">Frederick Augustus I</a> (17 December 1763 – 20 December 1806)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kingdoms">Kingdoms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1797_in_Germany&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Kingdoms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia">Kingdom of Prussia</a></b> <ul><li>Monarch –</li></ul></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Frederick_William_II_of_Prussia" title="Frederick William II of Prussia">Frederick William II of Prussia</a> (17 August 1786 – 16 November 1797) </p><p><a href="/wiki/Frederick_William_III_of_Prussia" title="Frederick William III of Prussia">Frederick William III of Prussia</a> (16 November 1797 – 7 June 1840)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Grand_Duchies">Grand Duchies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1797_in_Germany&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Grand Duchies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Mecklenburg-Schwerin" title="Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin"><b>Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin</b></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Francis_I,_Grand_Duke_of_Mecklenburg-Schwerin" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Francis I, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin">Frederick Francis I</a>– (24 April 1785 – 1 February 1837)<sup id="cite_ref-genea_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-genea-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duke_of_Mecklenburg-Strelitz" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz">Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_II,_Grand_Duke_of_Mecklenburg-Strelitz" title="Charles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz">Charles II</a> (2 June 1794 – 6 November 1816)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duke_of_Oldenburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Duke of Oldenburg">Grand Duke of Oldenburg</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm,_Duke_of_Oldenburg" title="Wilhelm, Duke of Oldenburg">Wilhelm</a> (6 July 1785 – 2 July 1823) Due to mental illness, Wilhelm was duke in name only, with his cousin Peter, Prince-Bishop of Lübeck, acting as regent throughout his entire reign.<sup id="cite_ref-Olden_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Olden-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_I,_Grand_Duke_of_Oldenburg" title="Peter I, Grand Duke of Oldenburg">Peter I</a> (2 July 1823 – 21 May 1829)<sup id="cite_ref-Olden_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Olden-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duke_of_Saxe-Weimar" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar">Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karl_August,_Grand_Duke_of_Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach" title="Karl August, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach">Karl August</a> (1758–1809) Raised to grand duchy in 1809</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Principalities">Principalities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1797_in_Germany&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Principalities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Schaumburg-Lippe" class="mw-redirect" title="Schaumburg-Lippe">Schaumburg-Lippe</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_William,_Prince_of_Schaumburg-Lippe" title="George William, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe">George William</a> (13 February 1787 – 1860)</li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt" title="Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt">Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Frederick_II,_Prince_of_Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt" title="Louis Frederick II, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt">Louis Frederick II</a> (13 April 1793 – 28 April 1807)<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Schwarzburg-Sondershausen" title="Schwarzburg-Sondershausen">Schwarzburg-Sondershausen</a></b> <ul><li>Günther Friedrich Karl I (14 October 1794 – 19 August 1835)</li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Reuss-Greiz" title="Principality of Reuss-Greiz">Principality of Reuss-Greiz</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_XI,_Prince_Reuss_of_Greiz" title="Heinrich XI, Prince Reuss of Greiz">Heinrich XI, Prince Reuss of Greiz</a> (12 May 1778-28 June 1800)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldeck_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Waldeck (state)"><b>Waldeck and Pyrmont</b></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Karl_August,_Prince_of_Waldeck_and_Pyrmont" title="Friedrich Karl August, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont">Friedrich Karl August</a> (29 August 1763 – 24 September 1812)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Duchies">Duchies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1797_in_Germany&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Duchies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anhalt-Dessau" title="Anhalt-Dessau"><b>Duke of Anhalt-Dessau</b></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leopold_III,_Duke_of_Anhalt-Dessau" title="Leopold III, Duke of Anhalt-Dessau">Leopold III</a> (16 December 1751 – 9 August 1817)<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Saxe-Altenburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Duke of Saxe-Altenburg">Duke of Saxe-Altenburg</a></b> <ul><li>Duke of <a href="/wiki/Saxe-Hildburghausen" title="Saxe-Hildburghausen">Saxe-Hildburghausen</a> (1780–1826) - <a href="/wiki/Frederick,_Duke_of_Saxe-Altenburg" title="Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg">Frederick</a><sup id="cite_ref-genea_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-genea-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld" title="Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld">Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Frederick,_Duke_of_Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld" title="Ernest Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld">Ernest Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld</a> (16 September 1764 – 8 September 1800)</li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Saxe-Meiningen" class="mw-redirect" title="Duke of Saxe-Meiningen">Duke of Saxe-Meiningen</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Georg_I,_Duke_of_Saxe-Meiningen" class="mw-redirect" title="Georg I, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen">Georg I</a> (1782–1803)<sup id="cite_ref-Bio_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bio-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck" class="mw-redirect" title="Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck">Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Charles_Louis,_Duke_of_Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Charles Louis, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck">Frederick Charles Louis</a> (24 February 1775 – 25 March 1816)<sup id="cite_ref-Albinus_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Albinus-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Kingdom of Württemberg">Duke of Württemberg</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_II_Eugene,_Duke_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg">Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg</a> (20 May 1795 – 23 December 1797)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_I_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Frederick I of Württemberg">Frederick I</a> (22 December 1797 – 30 October 1816)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other">Other</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1797_in_Germany&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Other"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Landgrave_of_Hesse-Darmstadt" class="mw-redirect" title="Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt">Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_I,_Grand_Duke_of_Hesse" title="Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse">Louis I</a> (6 April 1790 – 14 August 1806)<sup id="cite_ref-genea_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-genea-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1797_in_Germany&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/26_January" class="mw-redirect" title="26 January">26 January</a> – The Treaty of the <a href="/wiki/Third_Partition_of_Poland" title="Third Partition of Poland">Third Partition of Poland</a> is signed in St. Petersburg by the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hapsburg_Monarchy" class="mw-redirect" title="Hapsburg Monarchy">Austria</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia">Kingdom of Prussia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/12_February" class="mw-redirect" title="12 February">12 February</a> – "<a href="/wiki/Gott_erhalte_Franz_den_Kaiser" title="Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser">Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser</a>" is first performed, with the music composed in January by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Haydn" title="Joseph Haydn">Joseph Haydn</a>, which also becomes the tune to the <a href="/wiki/Deutschlandlied" title="Deutschlandlied">Deutschlandlied</a>, the German national anthem (<i>Deutschland, Deutschland über alles</i>, later <i>Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit</i>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/16_November" class="mw-redirect" title="16 November">16 November</a> – The Prussian heir apparent, Frederick William, becomes King of Prussia as <a href="/wiki/Frederick_William_III_of_Prussia" title="Frederick William III of Prussia">Fredrick William III</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Births">Births</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1797_in_Germany&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Births"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Droste-H%C3%BClshoff_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Droste-H%C3%BClshoff_2.jpg/110px-Droste-H%C3%BClshoff_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Droste-H%C3%BClshoff_2.jpg/165px-Droste-H%C3%BClshoff_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Droste-H%C3%BClshoff_2.jpg/220px-Droste-H%C3%BClshoff_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1926" data-file-height="2381" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Annette_von_Droste-H%C3%BClshoff" title="Annette von Droste-Hülshoff">Annette von Droste-Hülshoff</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/4_January" class="mw-redirect" title="4 January">4 January</a> – <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Beer" title="Wilhelm Beer">Wilhelm Beer</a>, German banker, astronomer (d. 1850)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_January" class="mw-redirect" title="5 January">5 January</a> – <a href="/wiki/Eduard_Vogel_von_Falckenstein" title="Eduard Vogel von Falckenstein">Eduard Vogel von Falckenstein</a>, Prussian general (d. 1885)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/10_January" class="mw-redirect" title="10 January">10 January</a> – <a href="/wiki/Annette_von_Droste-H%C3%BClshoff" title="Annette von Droste-Hülshoff">Annette von Droste-Hülshoff</a>, German writer (d. 1848)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/11_January" class="mw-redirect" title="11 January">11 January</a> – <a href="/wiki/Carl_Rottmann" title="Carl Rottmann">Carl Rottmann</a>, German landscape painter, the most famous member of the Rottmann family of painters (d. 1850)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/26_January" class="mw-redirect" title="26 January">26 January</a> – <a href="/wiki/Therese_Albertine_Luise_Robinson" title="Therese Albertine Luise Robinson">Therese Albertine Luise Robinson</a>, German-American author (d. 1870)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/29_January" class="mw-redirect" title="29 January">29 January</a> – <a href="/wiki/Prince_Adolf_zu_Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Adolf zu Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen">Prince Adolf zu Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen</a>, Prussian nobleman (d. 1873)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_February" class="mw-redirect" title="2 February">2 February</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bertha_Z%C3%BCck" title="Bertha Zück">Bertha Zück</a>, German-born treasurer of Queen Josephine of Sweden (d. 1868)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_February" class="mw-redirect" title="6 February">6 February</a> – <a href="/wiki/Joseph_von_Radowitz" title="Joseph von Radowitz">Joseph von Radowitz</a>, conservative Prussian statesman, general (d. 1853)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/15_February" class="mw-redirect" title="15 February">15 February</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henry_Engelhard_Steinway" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Engelhard Steinway">Henry Engelhard Steinway</a>, German-American piano manufacturer (d. 1871)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/23_February" class="mw-redirect" title="23 February">23 February</a> – <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Halfeld" title="Heinrich Halfeld">Heinrich Halfeld</a>, German engineer (d. 1873)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/3_March" class="mw-redirect" title="3 March">3 March</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gotthilf_Hagen" title="Gotthilf Hagen">Gotthilf Hagen</a>, German civil engineer who made important contributions to fluid dynamics (d. 1884)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_March" class="mw-redirect" title="5 March">5 March</a> – <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_von_Gerolt" title="Friedrich von Gerolt">Friedrich von Gerolt</a>, Prussian Privy Councillor, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary in the United States (d. 1879)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/21_March" class="mw-redirect" title="21 March">21 March</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Andreas_Wagner" title="Johann Andreas Wagner">Johann Andreas Wagner</a>, German palaeontologist (d. 1861)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/22_March" class="mw-redirect" title="22 March">22 March</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Gans" title="Eduard Gans">Eduard Gans</a>, German jurist (d. 1839)</li> <li>Emperor <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_I_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilhelm I of Germany">Wilhelm I of Germany</a> (d. 1888)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/27_March" class="mw-redirect" title="27 March">27 March</a> – <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_LXXII,_Prince_Reuss_of_Lobenstein_and_Ebersdorf" title="Heinrich LXXII, Prince Reuss of Lobenstein and Ebersdorf">Heinrich LXXII, Prince Reuss of Lobenstein and Ebersdorf</a> (d. 1853)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_April" class="mw-redirect" title="5 April">5 April</a> – <a href="/wiki/Karl_August_Devrient" title="Karl August Devrient">Karl August Devrient</a>, German stage actor best known for performances of Schiller and Shakespeare (d. 1872)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/12_April" class="mw-redirect" title="12 April">12 April</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ernst_August_Hagen" title="Ernst August Hagen">Ernst August Hagen</a>, Prussian art writer, novelist (d. 1880)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/23_April" class="mw-redirect" title="23 April">23 April</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Ferdinand_Oehme" title="Ernst Ferdinand Oehme">Ernst Ferdinand Oehme</a>, German Romantic painter, illustrator (d. 1855)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/26_April" class="mw-redirect" title="26 April">26 April</a> – <a href="/wiki/Albert_Seerig" title="Albert Seerig">Albert Seerig</a>, German surgeon, anatomist (d. 1862)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/3_May" class="mw-redirect" title="3 May">3 May</a> – <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Berghaus" title="Heinrich Berghaus">Heinrich Berghaus</a>, German geographer (d. 1884)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/11_May" class="mw-redirect" title="11 May">11 May</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Meyer_(painter)" title="Ernst Meyer (painter)">Ernst Meyer</a>, German-born Danish genre painter of Jewish ancestry (d. 1861)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/12_May" class="mw-redirect" title="12 May">12 May</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Hermann_Kufferath" title="Johann Hermann Kufferath">Johann Hermann Kufferath</a>, German composer (d. 1864)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/18_May" class="mw-redirect" title="18 May">18 May</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Augustus_II_of_Saxony" title="Frederick Augustus II of Saxony">Frederick Augustus II of Saxony</a> (d. 1854)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/30_May" class="mw-redirect" title="30 May">30 May</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Christian_Lobe" title="Johann Christian Lobe">Johann Christian Lobe</a>, German composer, music theorist (d. 1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Amadeus_Carl_Friedrich_Naumann" title="Georg Amadeus Carl Friedrich Naumann">Georg Amadeus Carl Friedrich Naumann</a>, German mineralogist (d. 1873)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20_June" class="mw-redirect" title="20 June">20 June</a> – <a href="/wiki/Karolina_Gerhardinger" title="Karolina Gerhardinger">Karolina Gerhardinger</a>, German Roman Catholic professed religious, established the School Sisters of Notre Dame (d. 1879)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/12_July" class="mw-redirect" title="12 July">12 July</a> – <a href="/wiki/Adele_Schopenhauer" title="Adele Schopenhauer">Adele Schopenhauer</a>, German author (d. 1849)<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20_July" class="mw-redirect" title="20 July">20 July</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gotthard_Fritzsche" title="Gotthard Fritzsche">Gotthard Fritzsche</a>, Prussian-Australian pastor (d. 1863)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/25_July" class="mw-redirect" title="25 July">25 July</a> – <a href="/wiki/Princess_Augusta_of_Hesse-Kassel" title="Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel">Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel</a> (d. 1889)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_August" class="mw-redirect" title="5 August">5 August</a> – <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_August_Kummer" title="Friedrich August Kummer">Friedrich August Kummer</a>, German violoncellist, pedagogue and composer (d. 1879)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_August" class="mw-redirect" title="6 August">6 August</a> – <a href="/wiki/August_Wilhelm_Stiehler" title="August Wilhelm Stiehler">August Wilhelm Stiehler</a>, German government official, paleobotanist (d. 1878)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/7_August" class="mw-redirect" title="7 August">7 August</a> – <a href="/wiki/Justin_von_Linde" title="Justin von Linde">Justin von Linde</a>, German jurist, statesman from the Grand Duchy of Hesse (d. 1870)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/9_August" class="mw-redirect" title="9 August">9 August</a> – <a href="/wiki/Christian_Wilhelm_Niedner" title="Christian Wilhelm Niedner">Christian Wilhelm Niedner</a>, German church historian, theologian (d. 1865)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/10_August" class="mw-redirect" title="10 August">10 August</a> – <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gerhard_Zuccarini" title="Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini">Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini</a>, German botanist (d. 1848)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/28_August" class="mw-redirect" title="28 August">28 August</a> – <a href="/wiki/Karl_Otfried_M%C3%BCller" title="Karl Otfried Müller">Karl Otfried Müller</a>, German scholar, Philodorian (d. 1840)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/10_September" class="mw-redirect" title="10 September">10 September</a> – <a href="/wiki/Franz_Kr%C3%BCger" title="Franz Krüger">Franz Krüger</a>, German (Prussian) painter, lithographer (d. 1857)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/16_September" class="mw-redirect" title="16 September">16 September</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Friedrich_Ludwig_W%C3%B6hlert" title="Johann Friedrich Ludwig Wöhlert">Johann Friedrich Ludwig Wöhlert</a>, German businessman (d. 1877)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/17_September" class="mw-redirect" title="17 September">17 September</a> – <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Kuhl" title="Heinrich Kuhl">Heinrich Kuhl</a>, German naturalist, zoologist (d. 1821)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/24_September" class="mw-redirect" title="24 September">24 September</a> – <a href="/wiki/Carl_Peter_Wilhelm_Gramberg" title="Carl Peter Wilhelm Gramberg">Carl Peter Wilhelm Gramberg</a>, German theologian, biblical scholar (d. 1830)</li></ul> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Heinrich_Heine-Oppenheim.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Heinrich_Heine-Oppenheim.jpg/110px-Heinrich_Heine-Oppenheim.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Heinrich_Heine-Oppenheim.jpg/165px-Heinrich_Heine-Oppenheim.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Heinrich_Heine-Oppenheim.jpg/220px-Heinrich_Heine-Oppenheim.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1445" data-file-height="1832" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Heine" title="Heinrich Heine">Heinrich Heine</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3_October" class="mw-redirect" title="3 October">3 October</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_F%C3%B6rster" title="Ludwig Förster">Ludwig Förster</a>, German-born Austrian architect (d. 1863)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/10_October" class="mw-redirect" title="10 October">10 October</a> – <a href="/wiki/August_Heinrich_Hermann_von_D%C3%B6nhoff" title="August Heinrich Hermann von Dönhoff">- August Heinrich Hermann von Dönhoff</a>, Prussian diplomat (d. 1874)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/15_October" class="mw-redirect" title="15 October">15 October</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Gottlieb_Fleischer" title="Johann Gottlieb Fleischer">Johann Gottlieb Fleischer</a>, German botanist and ornithologist (d. 1838)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Wilhelm_Ludwig_Heyse" title="Karl Wilhelm Ludwig Heyse">Karl Wilhelm Ludwig Heyse</a>, German philologist (d. 1855)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/26_October" class="mw-redirect" title="26 October">26 October</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Adam_Philipp_Hepp" title="Johann Adam Philipp Hepp">Johann Adam Philipp Hepp</a>, German physician, lichenologist (d. 1867)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/30_October" class="mw-redirect" title="30 October">30 October</a> – <a href="/wiki/Princess_Henrietta_of_Nassau-Weilburg" title="Princess Henrietta of Nassau-Weilburg">Princess Henrietta of Nassau-Weilburg</a> (d. 1829)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/14_November" class="mw-redirect" title="14 November">14 November</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moses_M._Haarbleicher" title="Moses M. Haarbleicher">Moses M. Haarbleicher</a>, German-Jewish poet, critic (d. 1869)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justus_Radius" title="Justus Radius">Justus Radius</a>, German pathologist, ophthalmologist (d. 1884)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13_December" class="mw-redirect" title="13 December">13 December</a> – <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Heine" title="Heinrich Heine">Heinrich Heine</a>, German poet (d. 1856)<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/14_December" class="mw-redirect" title="14 December">14 December</a> – <a href="/wiki/Emil_Huschke" title="Emil Huschke">Emil Huschke</a>, German anatomist and embryologist (d. 1858)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/15_December" class="mw-redirect" title="15 December">15 December</a> – <a href="/wiki/Karl_Friedrich_Theodor_Krause" title="Karl Friedrich Theodor Krause">Karl Friedrich Theodor Krause</a>, German anatomist (d. 1868)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/18_December" class="mw-redirect" title="18 December">18 December</a> – <a href="/wiki/August_Friedrich_Wilhelm_Forchhammer" title="August Friedrich Wilhelm Forchhammer">August Friedrich Wilhelm Forchhammer</a>, jurist and historian from the Duchy of Schleswig (d. 1870)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/26_December" class="mw-redirect" title="26 December">26 December</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Gustav_Heckscher" title="Johann Gustav Heckscher">Johann Gustav Heckscher</a>, German politician (d. 1865)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deaths">Deaths</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1797_in_Germany&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Deaths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/13_January" class="mw-redirect" title="13 January">13 January</a> – <a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Christine_of_Brunswick-Wolfenb%C3%BCttel-Bevern" title="Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel-Bevern">Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel-Bevern</a>, queen consort of Prussia (b. 1715)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/22_February" class="mw-redirect" title="22 February">22 February</a> – <a href="/wiki/Karl_Friedrich_Hieronymus_Freiherr_von_M%C3%BCnchhausen" class="mw-redirect" title="Karl Friedrich Hieronymus Freiherr von Münchhausen">Karl Friedrich Hieronymus Freiherr von Münchhausen</a>, German officer and adventurer (b. 1720)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/7_March" class="mw-redirect" title="7 March">7 March</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Heinrich_Samuel_Formey" title="Johann Heinrich Samuel Formey">Johann Heinrich Samuel Formey</a>, German writer (b. 1711)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/12_April" class="mw-redirect" title="12 April">12 April</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Georg_Bach" title="Johann Georg Bach">Johann Georg Bach</a>, German organist (b. 1751)<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12_August" class="mw-redirect" title="12 August">12 August</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gotthelf_Greiner" title="Gotthelf Greiner">Gotthelf Greiner</a>, glassmaker (born 1732)<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_October" class="mw-redirect" title="4 October">4 October</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Christian_Georg_Bodenschatz" title="Johann Christian Georg Bodenschatz">Johann Christian Georg Bodenschatz</a>, German Protestant theologian (born 1717)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_October" class="mw-redirect" title="6 October">6 October</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Matth%C3%A4us_Hassencamp" title="Johann Matthäus Hassencamp">Johann Matthäus Hassencamp</a>, German Orientalist and theologian (born 1743)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/16_November" class="mw-redirect" title="16 November">16 November</a> – King <a href="/wiki/Frederick_William_II_of_Prussia" title="Frederick William II of Prussia">Frederick William II of Prussia</a> (b. 1744)<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/27_November" class="mw-redirect" title="27 November">27 November</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Baptist_Wendling" title="Johann Baptist Wendling">Johann Baptist Wendling</a>, Alsatian-born flute player, composer of the Mannheim School (b. 1723)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/23_December" class="mw-redirect" title="23 December">23 December</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II_Eugene,_Duke_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg">Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg</a> (b. 1732)</li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1797_in_Germany&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/Allgemeine_Deutsche_Biographie">"General German Biography - Wikisource"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=General+German+Biography+-+Wikisource&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fde.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FAllgemeine_Deutsche_Biographie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1797+in+Germany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEncyclopaedia_Britannica2018" class="citation web cs1">Encyclopaedia Britannica (30 July 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Frederick-William-III">"Frederick William III"</a>. <i>Encyclopaedia Britannica</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopaedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Frederick+William+III&rft.date=2018-07-30&rft.au=Encyclopaedia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FFrederick-William-III&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1797+in+Germany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-genea-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-genea_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-genea_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-genea_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AINPAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA38"><i>Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans</i></a> [<i>Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living</i>] (in French). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 38.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Genealogie+ascendante+jusqu%27au+quatrieme+degre+inclusivement+de+tous+les+Rois+et+Princes+de+maisons+souveraines+de+l%27Europe+actuellement+vivans&rft.place=Bourdeaux&rft.pages=38&rft.pub=Frederic+Guillaume+Birnstiel&rft.date=1768&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAINPAAAAcAAJ%26pg%3DPA38&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1797+in+Germany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHuish1821" class="citation book cs1">Huish, Robert (1821). <i>Public and Private Life His Late Excellent and most Gracious Majesty George The Third</i>. T. Kelly. p. 170.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Public+and+Private+Life+His+Late+Excellent+and+most+Gracious+Majesty+George+The+Third&rft.pages=170&rft.pub=T.+Kelly&rft.date=1821&rft.aulast=Huish&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1797+in+Germany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Olden-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Olden_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Olden_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060317161934/http://www.btinternet.com/~allan_raymond/Oldenburg_Royal_Family.htm">"Oldenburg Royal Family"</a>. <i>Monarchies of Europe</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.btinternet.com/~allan_raymond/Oldenburg_Royal_Family.htm">the original</a> on 17 March 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Monarchies+of+Europe&rft.atitle=Oldenburg+Royal+Family&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.btinternet.com%2F~allan_raymond%2FOldenburg_Royal_Family.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1797+in+Germany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFApfelstedtApfelstedt1996" class="citation book cs1">Apfelstedt, F.; Apfelstedt, Heinrich Friedrich Theodor (1996). <i>Das Haus Kevernburg-Schwarzburg von seinem Ursprunge bis auf unsere Zeit</i>. Thüringer Chronik-Verlag Müllerott. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-910132-29-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-910132-29-0"><bdi>978-3-910132-29-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Das+Haus+Kevernburg-Schwarzburg+von+seinem+Ursprunge+bis+auf+unsere+Zeit&rft.pub=Th%C3%BCringer+Chronik-Verlag+M%C3%BCllerott&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-3-910132-29-0&rft.aulast=Apfelstedt&rft.aufirst=F.&rft.au=Apfelstedt%2C+Heinrich+Friedrich+Theodor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1797+in+Germany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">J. Morley, "The Bauhaus Effect," in Social Utopias of the Twenties (Germany: Müller Bushmann press, 1995), 11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bio-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bio_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110915152148/http://www.meiningermuseen.de/pages/schloss/personen/herzogliche-familie/georg-i.php">"Biografie Georg I (German)"</a>. Meininger Museen. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.meiningermuseen.de/pages/schloss/personen/herzogliche-familie/georg-i.php">the original</a> on 15 September 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Biografie+Georg+I+%28German%29&rft.pub=Meininger+Museen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.meiningermuseen.de%2Fpages%2Fschloss%2Fpersonen%2Fherzogliche-familie%2Fgeorg-i.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1797+in+Germany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Albinus-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Albinus_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlbinus1985" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Albinus, Robert (1985). <i>Lexikon der Stadt Königsberg Pr. und Umgebung</i> (in German). Leer: Verlag Gerhard Rautenberg. p. 371. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-7921-0320-6" title="Special:BookSources/3-7921-0320-6"><bdi>3-7921-0320-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lexikon+der+Stadt+K%C3%B6nigsberg+Pr.+und+Umgebung&rft.place=Leer&rft.pages=371&rft.pub=Verlag+Gerhard+Rautenberg&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=3-7921-0320-6&rft.aulast=Albinus&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1797+in+Germany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid1998" class="citation book cs1">David, Saul (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/princeofpleasure00davi"><i>Prince of pleasure: the Prince of Wales and the making of the Regency</i></a>. New York : Atlantic Monthly Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87113-739-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87113-739-5"><bdi>978-0-87113-739-5</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Prince+of+pleasure%3A+the+Prince+of+Wales+and+the+making+of+the+Regency&rft.pub=New+York+%3A+Atlantic+Monthly+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-87113-739-5&rft.aulast=David&rft.aufirst=Saul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fprinceofpleasure00davi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1797+in+Germany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB1911-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Frederick_William_II._of_Prussia" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Frederick William II. of Prussia">Frederick William II. of Prussia</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 64–65.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Frederick+William+II.+of+Prussia&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=64-65&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1797+in+Germany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeber2009" class="citation web cs1">Weber, Christa (21 November 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scherenschnitt.org/schopenhauer/">"Adele Schopenhauer"</a>. <i>Deutscher Scherenschnittverein e.V. [German papercut art]</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deutscher+Scherenschnittverein+e.V.+%5BGerman+papercut+art%5D&rft.atitle=Adele+Schopenhauer&rft.date=2009-11-21&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=Christa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scherenschnitt.org%2Fschopenhauer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1797+in+Germany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalley,_Eberhard1969" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Galley, Eberhard (1969), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/0001/bsb00016409/images/index.html?seite=302">"Heine, Heinrich"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Neue_Deutsche_Biographie" title="Neue Deutsche Biographie">Neue Deutsche Biographie</a></i> (in German), vol. 8, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 286–291</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Heine%2C+Heinrich&rft.btitle=Neue+Deutsche+Biographie&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pages=286-291&rft.pub=Duncker+%26+Humblot&rft.date=1969&rft.au=Galley%2C+Eberhard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdaten.digitale-sammlungen.de%2F0001%2Fbsb00016409%2Fimages%2Findex.html%3Fseite%3D302&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1797+in+Germany" class="Z3988"></span>; (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/ppn118548018.html">full text online</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohann_Sebastian_Bach1929" class="citation book cs1">Johann Sebastian Bach (1929). <i>The origin of the family of Bach musicians: Ursprung der musicalisch-Bachischen familie</i>. Oxford University Press, H. Milford.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+origin+of+the+family+of+Bach+musicians%3A+Ursprung+der+musicalisch-Bachischen+familie&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+H.+Milford&rft.date=1929&rft.au=Johann+Sebastian+Bach&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1797+in+Germany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerbert_Kühnert1966" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Herbert Kühnert (1966), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/0001/bsb00016325/images/index.html?seite=52">"Greiner, Gotthelf"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Neue_Deutsche_Biographie" title="Neue Deutsche Biographie">Neue Deutsche Biographie</a></i> (in German), vol. 7, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 38–39</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Greiner%2C+Gotthelf&rft.btitle=Neue+Deutsche+Biographie&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pages=38-39&rft.pub=Duncker+%26+Humblot&rft.date=1966&rft.au=Herbert+K%C3%BChnert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdaten.digitale-sammlungen.de%2F0001%2Fbsb00016325%2Fimages%2Findex.html%3Fseite%3D52&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1797+in+Germany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1797 in Europe</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Andorra" title="History of Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1797_in_Austria" title="1797 in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Batavian_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Batavian Republic">Batavian Republic</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li 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