CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Taux de chômage — Wikipédia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )frwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","janvier","février","mars","avril","mai","juin","juillet","août","septembre","octobre","novembre","décembre"],"wgRequestId":"1585b012-9812-47f0-a254-ec774751107b","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Taux_de_chômage","wgTitle":"Taux de chômage","wgCurRevisionId":209918797,"wgRevisionId":209918797,"wgArticleId":119274,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Article à internationaliser","Catégorie Commons avec lien local différent sur Wikidata","Article de Wikipédia avec notice d'autorité","Article utilisant le modèle Dictionnaires inactif","Page utilisant un modèle Bases inactif","Portail:Économie/Articles liés","Portail:Société/Articles liés","Chômage","Indicateur économique","Sociologie de l'emploi"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"fr","wgPageContentLanguage":"fr","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName": "Taux_de_chômage","wgRelevantArticleId":119274,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"fr","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"fr"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q1787954","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false, "wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.tablesorter.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.tablesorter","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ArchiveLinks","ext.gadget.Wdsearch","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init", "ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=fr&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.tablesorter.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=fr&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=fr&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.18"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/EU_Unemployment.svg/1200px-EU_Unemployment.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1188"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/EU_Unemployment.svg/800px-EU_Unemployment.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="792"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/EU_Unemployment.svg/640px-EU_Unemployment.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="634"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Taux de chômage — Wikipédia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//fr.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Modifier" href="/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipédia (fr)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//fr.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Flux Atom de Wikipédia" href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Modifications_r%C3%A9centes&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Taux_de_chômage rootpage-Taux_de_chômage skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Aller au contenu</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Menu principal" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu principal" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu principal</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu principal</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Accueil_principal" title="Accueil général [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Accueil</span></a></li><li id="n-thema" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Accueil"><span>Portails thématiques</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Page_au_hasard" title="Affiche un article au hasard [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Article au hasard</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Contact"><span>Contact</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_sp%C3%A9ciales"><span>Pages spéciales</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Contribuer" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Contribuer" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribuer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutwp" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aide:D%C3%A9buter"><span>Débuter sur Wikipédia</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Accueil" title="Accès à l’aide"><span>Aide</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Accueil_de_la_communaut%C3%A9" title="À propos du projet, ce que vous pouvez faire, où trouver les informations"><span>Communauté</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Modifications_r%C3%A9centes" title="Liste des modifications récentes sur le wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Modifications récentes</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Accueil_principal" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipédia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-fr.svg" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="l'encyclopédie libre" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-fr.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Recherche" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Rechercher sur Wikipédia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Rechercher</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Rechercher sur Wikipédia" aria-label="Rechercher sur Wikipédia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Rechercher sur Wikipédia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Spécial:Recherche"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Rechercher</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Outils personnels"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Modifier l'apparence de la taille, de la largeur et de la couleur de la police de la page" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Apparence" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Apparence</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=fr.wikipedia.org&uselang=fr" class=""><span>Faire un don</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Cr%C3%A9er_un_compte&returnto=Taux+de+ch%C3%B4mage" title="Nous vous encourageons à créer un compte utilisateur et vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire." class=""><span>Créer un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Connexion&returnto=Taux+de+ch%C3%B4mage" title="Nous vous encourageons à vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Se connecter</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Plus d’options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Outils personnels" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Outils personnels</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu utilisateur" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=fr.wikipedia.org&uselang=fr"><span>Faire un don</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Cr%C3%A9er_un_compte&returnto=Taux+de+ch%C3%B4mage" title="Nous vous encourageons à créer un compte utilisateur et vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Créer un compte</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Connexion&returnto=Taux+de+ch%C3%B4mage" title="Nous vous encourageons à vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Se connecter</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages pour les contributeurs déconnectés <a href="/wiki/Aide:Premiers_pas" aria-label="En savoir plus sur la contribution"><span>en savoir plus</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Mes_contributions" title="Une liste des modifications effectuées depuis cette adresse IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Mes_discussions" title="La page de discussion pour les contributions depuis cette adresse IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Sommaire" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sommaire</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Début</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Estimations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Estimations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Estimations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Estimations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variations_régionales" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variations_régionales"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Variations régionales</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variations_régionales-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Préconisations_pour_faire_baisser_le_chômage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Préconisations_pour_faire_baisser_le_chômage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Préconisations pour faire baisser le chômage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Préconisations_pour_faire_baisser_le_chômage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_et_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voir_aussi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voir_aussi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Voir aussi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Voir aussi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Articles_connexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Articles connexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table des matières" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Taux de chômage</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 8 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-8" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">8 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%84_%D8%A8%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9" title="معدل بطالة – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="معدل بطالة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbeitslosenstatistik" title="Arbeitslosenstatistik – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Arbeitslosenstatistik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unemployment_Rate" title="Unemployment Rate – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Unemployment Rate" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%90%D7%91%D7%98%D7%9C%D7%94" title="שיעור אבטלה – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שיעור אבטלה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nedarbo_lygis" title="Nedarbo lygis – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Nedarbo lygis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahan%27_ny_tsy_fananana_asa" title="Tahan' ny tsy fananana asa – malgache" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Tahan' ny tsy fananana asa" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxa_de_desemprego" title="Taxa de desemprego – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Taxa de desemprego" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Уровень безработицы – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Уровень безработицы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1787954#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage" title="Voir le contenu de la page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussion:Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage" rel="discussion" title="Discussion au sujet de cette page de contenu [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Modifier la variante de langue" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">français</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Affichages"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&action=history" title="Historique des versions de cette page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Outils" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Outils</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Outils</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&action=history"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Général </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_li%C3%A9es/Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage" title="Liste des pages liées qui pointent sur celle-ci [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Suivi_des_liens/Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage" rel="nofollow" title="Liste des modifications récentes des pages appelées par celle-ci [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Suivi des pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aide:Importer_un_fichier" title="Téléverser des fichiers [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Téléverser un fichier</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&oldid=209918797" title="Adresse permanente de cette version de cette page"><span>Lien permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&action=info" title="Davantage d’informations sur cette page"><span>Informations sur la page</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Citer&page=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&id=209918797&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informations sur la manière de citer cette page"><span>Citer cette page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTaux_de_ch%25C3%25B4mage"><span>Obtenir l'URL raccourcie</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTaux_de_ch%25C3%25B4mage"><span>Télécharger le code QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimer / exporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Livre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Taux+de+ch%C3%B4mage"><span>Créer un livre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&action=show-download-screen"><span>Télécharger comme PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&printable=yes" title="Version imprimable de cette page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Version imprimable</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dans d’autres projets </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Unemployment_rates" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1787954" title="Lien vers l’élément dans le dépôt de données connecté [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Élément Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css general" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour un article plus général, voir <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%B4mage" title="Chômage">Chômage</a>. </p> </div></div> <div class="bandeau-container metadata bandeau-article bandeau-niveau-modere"><figure class="mw-halign-right noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:%C3%80_internationaliser" title="Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus."><img alt="Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus.</figcaption></figure><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Circle-icons-globe.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Circle-icons-globe.svg/45px-Circle-icons-globe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Circle-icons-globe.svg/68px-Circle-icons-globe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Circle-icons-globe.svg/90px-Circle-icons-globe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p><strong class="bandeau-titre">Cet article est trop centré sur les pays de l'OCDE (pays développés) et majoritairement sur l'Europe (aucun pays d'Afrique cité, ni la Chine, Inde, Brésil…) et nécessite une <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Internationalisation" title="Wikipédia:Internationalisation">internationalisation</a></strong> <small>(<time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-05" data-sort-value="2019-05">mai 2019</time>).</small> </p> <div class="nomobile"> Merci de l'<a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&action=edit">améliorer</a> ou d'en discuter sur sa <a href="/wiki/Discussion:Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage" title="Discussion:Taux de chômage">page de discussion</a> ! Vous pouvez préciser les sections à internationaliser en utilisant <a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Section_%C3%A0_internationaliser" title="Modèle:Section à internationaliser">{{section à internationaliser}}</a>.</div> </div></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:EU_Unemployment.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/EU_Unemployment.svg/300px-EU_Unemployment.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/EU_Unemployment.svg/450px-EU_Unemployment.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/EU_Unemployment.svg/600px-EU_Unemployment.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="507" /></a><figcaption>Taux de chômage dans les pays de l'<a href="/wiki/Union_europ%C3%A9enne" title="Union européenne">Union européenne</a>, en <a href="/wiki/Norv%C3%A8ge" title="Norvège">Norvège</a> et en <a href="/wiki/Islande" title="Islande">Islande</a> en mars 2019 selon Eurostat.</figcaption></figure> <p>Le <b>taux de chômage</b> est le pourcentage des personnes faisant partie de la <a href="/wiki/Population_active" title="Population active">population active</a> qui sont au <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%B4mage" title="Chômage">chômage</a>. La population active est la population en âge de travailler et qui travaille ou souhaite travailler. </p><p>Un chômeur est une personne qui n'a pas d'emploi et qui en recherche un. La définition du taux de chômage peut varier d'un pays à l'autre, les comparaisons brutes des taux officiels de chaque pays sont donc inappropriées. La définition du taux de chômage au sens du <a href="/wiki/Bureau_international_du_travail" class="mw-redirect" title="Bureau international du travail">Bureau international du travail</a> (BIT) est une définition reconnue mais sujette à petites différences d'interprétation. Certaines institutions, comme l'<a href="/wiki/OCDE" class="mw-redirect" title="OCDE">OCDE</a>, calculent des taux de chômage harmonisés permettant les comparaisons internationales. </p><p>Le taux de chômage est calculé dans les différents pays grâce à l'<a href="/wiki/Enqu%C3%AAte_emploi" class="mw-redirect" title="Enquête emploi">enquête emploi</a>. </p><p>Le taux de chômage est une <a href="/wiki/Statistique_%C3%A9conomique" class="mw-redirect" title="Statistique économique">statistique économique</a> fortement employée par les médias pour présenter la situation économique d'un pays. Le <a href="/wiki/Taux_d%27emploi" title="Taux d'emploi">taux d'emploi</a>, qui prend en compte la répartition de la population entre <a href="/wiki/Population_active" title="Population active">actifs</a> et inactifs, reflète plus fidèlement l'utilisation de la <a href="/wiki/Main-d%27%C5%93uvre" title="Main-d'œuvre">main-d'œuvre</a> d'un pays. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Estimations">Estimations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Estimations" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Estimations"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe">Articles connexes : <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%B4mage_en_France" title="Chômage en France">Chômage en France</a> et <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%B4mage_dans_l%27Union_europ%C3%A9enne" title="Chômage dans l'Union européenne">Chômage dans l'Union européenne</a>.</div></div> <table style="text-align:center; width:80%;" class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Taux de chômage (en pourcentage) dans les principaux pays de l'OCDE<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Pays </th> <th scope="col">2004 </th> <th scope="col">2005 </th> <th scope="col">2006 </th> <th scope="col">2007 </th> <th scope="col">2008 </th> <th scope="col">2009 </th> <th scope="col">2010 </th> <th scope="col">2011 </th> <th scope="col">2012 </th> <th scope="col">2013 </th> <th scope="col">2014 </th> <th scope="col">2015 </th> <th scope="col">2016 </th> <th scope="col">2017 </th> <th>2018 </th> <th>2019 </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Allemagne"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Allemagne"><img alt="Drapeau de l'Allemagne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Allemagne" title="Allemagne">Allemagne</a></span> </th> <td>9,79 </td> <td>11,17 </td> <td>10,25 </td> <td>8,66 </td> <td>7,53 </td> <td>7,74 </td> <td>6,97 </td> <td>5,83 </td> <td>5,38 </td> <td>5,23 </td> <td>4,98 </td> <td>4,62 </td> <td>4,12 </td> <td>3,75 </td> <td>3,40 </td> <td>3,15 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Australie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Australia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Australie"><img alt="Drapeau de l'Australie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Australie" title="Australie">Australie</a></span> </th> <td>5,40 </td> <td>5,03 </td> <td>4,79 </td> <td>4,38 </td> <td>4,23 </td> <td>5,56 </td> <td>5,21 </td> <td>5,08 </td> <td>5,22 </td> <td>5,66 </td> <td>6,08 </td> <td>6,06 </td> <td>5,71 </td> <td>5,60 </td> <td>5,30 </td> <td>5,16 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Autriche"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Austria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Autriche"><img alt="Drapeau de l'Autriche" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Autriche" title="Autriche">Autriche</a></span> </th> <td>5,49 </td> <td>5,63 </td> <td>5,25 </td> <td>4,86 </td> <td>4,13 </td> <td>5,30 </td> <td>4,82 </td> <td>4,57 </td> <td>4,86 </td> <td>5,34 </td> <td>5,62 </td> <td>5,72 </td> <td>6,01 </td> <td>5,50 </td> <td>4,86 </td> <td>4,51 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Belgique"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Belgium_(civil).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Belgique"><img alt="Drapeau de la Belgique" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Belgique" title="Belgique">Belgique</a></span> </th> <td>8,39 </td> <td>8,44 </td> <td>8,25 </td> <td>7,46 </td> <td>6,97 </td> <td>7,91 </td> <td>8,29 </td> <td>7,14 </td> <td>7,54 </td> <td>8,43 </td> <td>8,52 </td> <td>8,48 </td> <td>7,83 </td> <td>7,09 </td> <td>5,96 </td> <td>5,37 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Canada"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Canada.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Canada"><img alt="Drapeau du Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/20px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/30px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/40px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></span> </th> <td>7,19 </td> <td>6,76 </td> <td>6,33 </td> <td>6,05 </td> <td>6,14 </td> <td>8,35 </td> <td>8,06 </td> <td>7,53 </td> <td>7,29 </td> <td>7,08 </td> <td>6,91 </td> <td>6,91 </td> <td>6,99 </td> <td>6,34 </td> <td>5,89 </td> <td>5,73 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Chili"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Chile.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Chili"><img alt="Drapeau du Chili" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/20px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/30px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/40px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Chili" title="Chili">Chili</a></span> </th> <td>10,01 </td> <td>9,23 </td> <td>7,80 </td> <td>7,13 </td> <td>7,79 </td> <td>9,68 </td> <td>8,15 </td> <td>7,13 </td> <td>6,43 </td> <td>5,93 </td> <td>6,39 </td> <td>6,21 </td> <td>6,49 </td> <td>6,67 </td> <td>7,38 </td> <td>7,22 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Corée du Sud"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_South_Korea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Corée du Sud"><img alt="Drapeau de la Corée du Sud" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/20px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/30px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cor%C3%A9e_du_Sud" title="Corée du Sud">Corée du Sud</a></span> </th> <td>3,66 </td> <td>3,75 </td> <td>3,48 </td> <td>3,26 </td> <td>3,17 </td> <td>3,63 </td> <td>3,71 </td> <td>3,41 </td> <td>3,23 </td> <td>3,10 </td> <td>3,49 </td> <td>3,59 </td> <td>3,67 </td> <td>3,68 </td> <td>3,83 </td> <td>3,78 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Danemark"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Denmark.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Danemark"><img alt="Drapeau du Danemark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/30px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Danemark" title="Danemark">Danemark</a></span> </th> <td>5,51 </td> <td>4,83 </td> <td>3,90 </td> <td>3,80 </td> <td>3,43 </td> <td>6,01 </td> <td>7,46 </td> <td>7,57 </td> <td>7,52 </td> <td>7,00 </td> <td>6,59 </td> <td>6,17 </td> <td>6,18 </td> <td>5,74 </td> <td>5,12 </td> <td>5.06 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Espagne"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Espagne"><img alt="Drapeau de l'Espagne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/20px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/30px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/40px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Espagne" title="Espagne">Espagne</a></span> </th> <td>10,97 </td> <td>9,15 </td> <td>8,45 </td> <td>8,23 </td> <td>11,24 </td> <td>17,86 </td> <td>19,86 </td> <td>21,39 </td> <td>24,79 </td> <td>26,09 </td> <td>24,44 </td> <td>22,06 </td> <td>19,63 </td> <td>17,22 </td> <td>15,27 </td> <td>14,11 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Estonie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Estonia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Estonie"><img alt="Drapeau de l'Estonie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Estonie" title="Estonie">Estonie</a></span> </th> <td>10,14 </td> <td>8,03 </td> <td>5,91 </td> <td>4,59 </td> <td>5,43 </td> <td>13,55 </td> <td>16,70 </td> <td>12,33 </td> <td>10,02 </td> <td>8,63 </td> <td>7,36 </td> <td>6,19 </td> <td>6,75 </td> <td>5,76 </td> <td>5,53 </td> <td>4,53 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="nowrap"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="États unis"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau des États-Unis"><img alt="Drapeau des États-Unis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tats-Unis" title="États-Unis">États-Unis</a></span></span> </th> <td>5,53 </td> <td>5,07 </td> <td>4,62 </td> <td>4,62 </td> <td>5,78 </td> <td>9,27 </td> <td>9,62 </td> <td>8,95 </td> <td>8,07 </td> <td>7,38 </td> <td>6,17 </td> <td>5,29 </td> <td>4,87 </td> <td>4,35 </td> <td>3,90 </td> <td>3,67 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Finlande"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Finland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Finlande"><img alt="Drapeau de la Finlande" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Finlande" title="Finlande">Finlande</a></span> </th> <td>8,82 </td> <td>8,38 </td> <td>7,71 </td> <td>6,85 </td> <td>6,36 </td> <td>8,24 </td> <td>8,39 </td> <td>7,77 </td> <td>7,68 </td> <td>8,19 </td> <td>8,66 </td> <td>9,37 </td> <td>8,81 </td> <td>8,63 </td> <td>7,43 </td> <td>6,74 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="France"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_France_(1976%E2%80%932020).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la France"><img alt="Drapeau de la France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></span> </th> <td>8,47 </td> <td>8,49 </td> <td>8,45 </td> <td>7,66 </td> <td>7,06 </td> <td>8,74 </td> <td>8,87 </td> <td>8,81 </td> <td>9,40 </td> <td>9,92 </td> <td>10,30 </td> <td>10,36 </td> <td>10,06 </td> <td>9,40 </td> <td>9,03 </td> <td>8,43 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Grece"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Greece.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Grèce"><img alt="Drapeau de la Grèce" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/20px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/30px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/40px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A8ce" title="Grèce">Grèce</a></span> </th> <td>10,59 </td> <td>9,99 </td> <td>9,01 </td> <td>8,40 </td> <td>7,76 </td> <td>9,62 </td> <td>12,72 </td> <td>17,87 </td> <td>24,44 </td> <td>27,47 </td> <td>26,49 </td> <td>24,90 </td> <td>23,54 </td> <td>21,49 </td> <td>19,31 </td> <td>17,33 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Hongrie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Hungary.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Hongrie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Hongrie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/20px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/30px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/40px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Hongrie" title="Hongrie">Hongrie</a></span> </th> <td>6,08 </td> <td>7,19 </td> <td>7,49 </td> <td>7,41 </td> <td>7,82 </td> <td>10,03 </td> <td>11,17 </td> <td>11,03 </td> <td>11,01 </td> <td>10,19 </td> <td>7,73 </td> <td>6,82 </td> <td>5,12 </td> <td>4,16 </td> <td>3,59 </td> <td>3,30 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Irlande"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Ireland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Irlande"><img alt="Drapeau de l'Irlande" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Irlande_(pays)" title="Irlande (pays)">Irlande</a></span> </th> <td>4,54 </td> <td>4,34 </td> <td>4,41 </td> <td>4,98 </td> <td>6,77 </td> <td>12,61 </td> <td>14,53 </td> <td>15,35 </td> <td>15,45 </td> <td>13,75 </td> <td>11v86 </td> <td>9,91 </td> <td>8,37 </td> <td>6,71 </td> <td>5,77 </td> <td>4,97 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Islande"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Iceland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Islande"><img alt="Drapeau de l'Islande" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Islande" title="Islande">Islande</a></span> </th> <td>2,99 </td> <td>2,55 </td> <td>2,83 </td> <td>2,24 </td> <td>2,94 </td> <td>7,22 </td> <td>7,55 </td> <td>7,03 </td> <td>5,98 </td> <td>5,38 </td> <td>4,89 </td> <td>3,97 </td> <td>2,97 </td> <td>2,74 </td> <td>3,10 </td> <td>3,93 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Israël"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Israel.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau d’Israël"><img alt="Drapeau d’Israël" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/20px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/30px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/40px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Isra%C3%ABl" title="Israël">Israël</a></span> </th> <td>10,37 </td> <td>8,99 </td> <td>8,40 </td> <td>7,32 </td> <td>6,10 </td> <td>7,54 </td> <td>6,64 </td> <td>5,60 </td> <td>6,85 </td> <td>6,21 </td> <td>5,91 </td> <td>5,24 </td> <td>4,81 </td> <td>4,22 </td> <td>4,00 </td> <td>3,80 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Italie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Italie"><img alt="Drapeau de l'Italie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Italie" title="Italie">Italie</a></span> </th> <td>8,00 </td> <td>7,73 </td> <td>6,78 </td> <td>6,08 </td> <td>6,72 </td> <td>7,75 </td> <td>8,36 </td> <td>8,35 </td> <td>10,65 </td> <td>12,15 </td> <td>12,68 </td> <td>11,89 </td> <td>11,69 </td> <td>11,21 </td> <td>10,68 </td> <td>10,03 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Japon"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Japan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Japon"><img alt="Drapeau du Japon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">Japon</a></span> </th> <td>4,72 </td> <td>4,42 </td> <td>4,14 </td> <td>3,84 </td> <td>3,99 </td> <td>5,07 </td> <td>5,05 </td> <td>4,58 </td> <td>4,35 </td> <td>4,03 </td> <td>3,59 </td> <td>3,38 </td> <td>3,12 </td> <td>2,81 </td> <td>2,44 </td> <td>2,35 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Lettonie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Latvia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Lettonie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Lettonie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Lettonie" title="Lettonie">Lettonie</a></span> </th> <td>11,75 </td> <td>10,04 </td> <td>7,04 </td> <td>6,06 </td> <td>7,74 </td> <td>17,55 </td> <td>19,48 </td> <td>16,21 </td> <td>15,06 </td> <td>11,87 </td> <td>10,84 </td> <td>9,88 </td> <td>9,64 </td> <td>8,72 </td> <td>7,40 </td> <td>6,31 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Luxembourg"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Luxembourg"><img alt="Drapeau du Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/20px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/30px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/40px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></span> </th> <td>5,14 </td> <td>4,49 </td> <td>4,73 </td> <td>4,07 </td> <td>5,05 </td> <td>5,11 </td> <td>4,35 </td> <td>4,90 </td> <td>5,14 </td> <td>5,84 </td> <td>5,85 </td> <td>6,66 </td> <td>6,29 </td> <td>5,52 </td> <td>5,50 </td> <td>5,59 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Mexique"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Mexico.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Mexique"><img alt="Drapeau du Mexique" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/20px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/30px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/40px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mexique" title="Mexique">Mexique</a></span> </th> <td>3,92 </td> <td>3,56 </td> <td>3,56 </td> <td>3,65 </td> <td>3,90 </td> <td>5,38 </td> <td>5,33 </td> <td>5,20 </td> <td>4,92 </td> <td>4,94 </td> <td>4,83 </td> <td>4,34 </td> <td>3,89 </td> <td>3,44 </td> <td>3,33 </td> <td>3,49 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Norvege"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Norway.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Norvège"><img alt="Drapeau de la Norvège" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/20px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/30px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/40px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Norv%C3%A8ge" title="Norvège">Norvège</a></span> </th> <td>4,18 </td> <td>4,38 </td> <td>3,40 </td> <td>2,50 </td> <td>2,55 </td> <td>3,10 </td> <td>3,52 </td> <td>3,21 </td> <td>3,12 </td> <td>3,42 </td> <td>3,48 </td> <td>4,30 </td> <td>4,68 </td> <td>4,16 </td> <td>3,88 </td> <td>3,70 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Nouvelle zélande"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Nouvelle-Zélande"><img alt="Drapeau de la Nouvelle-Zélande" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/20px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/30px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/40px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nouvelle-Z%C3%A9lande" title="Nouvelle-Zélande">Nouvelle-Zélande</a></span> </th> <td>4,03 </td> <td>3,83 </td> <td>3,85 </td> <td>3,58 </td> <td>4,03 </td> <td>5,83 </td> <td>6,15 </td> <td>5,95 </td> <td>6,40 </td> <td>5,75 </td> <td>5,38 </td> <td>5,35 </td> <td>5,10 </td> <td>4,70 </td> <td>4,33 </td> <td>4,10 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Pays bas"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau des Pays-Bas"><img alt="Drapeau des Pays-Bas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Pays-Bas" title="Pays-Bas">Pays-Bas</a></span> </th> <td>4,56 </td> <td>4,72 </td> <td>3,91 </td> <td>3,18 </td> <td>2,75 </td> <td>3,41 </td> <td>4,45 </td> <td>4,98 </td> <td>5,82 </td> <td>7,24 </td> <td>7,42 </td> <td>6,87 </td> <td>6,01 </td> <td>4,84 </td> <td>3,84 </td> <td>3,40 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Pologne"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Poland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Pologne"><img alt="Drapeau de la Pologne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Pologne" title="Pologne">Pologne</a></span> </th> <td>18,98 </td> <td>17,75 </td> <td>13,85 </td> <td>9,61 </td> <td>7,12 </td> <td>8,17 </td> <td>9,64 </td> <td>9,63 </td> <td>10,09 </td> <td>10,33 </td> <td>8,99 </td> <td>7,50 </td> <td>6,16 </td> <td>4,89 </td> <td>3,86 </td> <td>3,28 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Portugal"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Portugal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Portugal"><img alt="Drapeau du Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/20px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/30px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/40px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></span> </th> <td>6,62 </td> <td>7,58 </td> <td>7,65 </td> <td>7,96 </td> <td>7,55 </td> <td>9,43 </td> <td>10,77 </td> <td>12,68 </td> <td>15,53 </td> <td>16,18 </td> <td>13,90 </td> <td>12,44 </td> <td>11,07 </td> <td>8,87 </td> <td>7,17 </td> <td>6,67 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Slovaquie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Slovakia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Slovaquie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Slovaquie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Slovaquie" title="Slovaquie">Slovaquie</a></span> </th> <td>18,22 </td> <td>16,26 </td> <td>13,37 </td> <td>11,14 </td> <td>9,51 </td> <td>12,02 </td> <td>14,38 </td> <td>13,62 </td> <td>13,96 </td> <td>14,22 </td> <td>13,18 </td> <td>11,48 </td> <td>9,67 </td> <td>8,13 </td> <td>6,54 </td> <td>5,77 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Tchéquie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Tchéquie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Tchéquie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tch%C3%A9quie" title="Tchéquie">République tchèque</a></span> </th> <td>8,32 </td> <td>7,93 </td> <td>7,15 </td> <td>5,32 </td> <td>4,39 </td> <td>6,66 </td> <td>7,28 </td> <td>6,71 </td> <td>6,98 </td> <td>6,95 </td> <td>6,11 </td> <td>5,05 </td> <td>3,95 </td> <td>2,89 </td> <td>2,27 </td> <td>2,02 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Royaume uni"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Royaume-Uni"><img alt="Drapeau du Royaume-Uni" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Royaume-Uni" title="Royaume-Uni">Royaume-Uni</a></span> </th> <td>4,69 </td> <td>4,75 </td> <td>5,35 </td> <td>5,26 </td> <td>5,61 </td> <td>7,54 </td> <td>7,79 </td> <td>8,04 </td> <td>7,89 </td> <td>7,53 </td> <td>6,11 </td> <td>5,30 </td> <td>4,81 </td> <td>4,34 </td> <td>4,08 </td> <td>3,83 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Slovénie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Slovenia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Slovénie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Slovénie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Slov%C3%A9nie" title="Slovénie">Slovénie</a></span> </th> <td>6,29 </td> <td>6,50 </td> <td>5,95 </td> <td>4,82 </td> <td>4,38 </td> <td>5,85 </td> <td>7,24 </td> <td>8,17 </td> <td>8,84 </td> <td>10,11 </td> <td>9,67 </td> <td>8,96 </td> <td>8,01 </td> <td>6,57 </td> <td>5,16 </td> <td>4,47 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Suède"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Sweden.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Suède"><img alt="Drapeau de la Suède" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/20px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/30px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/40px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Su%C3%A8de" title="Suède">Suède</a></span> </th> <td>6,53 </td> <td>7,48 </td> <td>7,07 </td> <td>6,16 </td> <td>6,23 </td> <td>8,35 </td> <td>8,61 </td> <td>7,80 </td> <td>7,98 </td> <td>8,05 </td> <td>7,96 </td> <td>7,43 </td> <td>6,99 </td> <td>6,72 </td> <td>6,33 </td> <td>6,77 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Suisse"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Switzerland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Suisse"><img alt="Drapeau de la Suisse" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/15px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Suisse" title="Suisse">Suisse</a></span> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>4,81 </td> <td>4,41 </td> <td>4,48 </td> <td>4,75 </td> <td>4,83 </td> <td>4,80 </td> <td>4,92 </td> <td>4,80 </td> <td>4,71 </td> <td>4,39 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Turquie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Turkey.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Turquie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Turquie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/20px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/30px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/40px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turquie" title="Turquie">Turquie</a></span> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>8,75 </td> <td>8,89 </td> <td>9,73 </td> <td>12,58 </td> <td>10,68 </td> <td>8,81 </td> <td>8,17 </td> <td>8,74 </td> <td>9,88 </td> <td>10,24 </td> <td>10,84 </td> <td>10,83 </td> <td>10,97 </td> <td>13,70 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">OCDE - Total </th> <td> </td> <td>6,55 </td> <td>6,04 </td> <td>5,59 </td> <td>5,92 </td> <td>8,08 </td> <td>8,28 </td> <td>7,92 </td> <td>7,92 </td> <td>7,87 </td> <td>7,35 </td> <td>6,76 </td> <td>6,32 </td> <td>5,77 </td> <td>5,49 </td> <td>5,39 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variations_régionales"><span id="Variations_r.C3.A9gionales"></span>Variations régionales</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Variations régionales" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Variations régionales"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:ArbeitslosigkeitInDeutschland1997.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/ArbeitslosigkeitInDeutschland1997.png/220px-ArbeitslosigkeitInDeutschland1997.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="319" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/ArbeitslosigkeitInDeutschland1997.png/330px-ArbeitslosigkeitInDeutschland1997.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/ArbeitslosigkeitInDeutschland1997.png/440px-ArbeitslosigkeitInDeutschland1997.png 2x" data-file-width="920" data-file-height="1336" /></a><figcaption>Taux de chômage locaux en Allemagne, en 1997.</figcaption></figure> <p>Le taux de chômage peut varier fortement d'une région à une autre, comme c'est le cas en Allemagne notamment entre l'ex-RFA et l'ex-RDA. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Préconisations_pour_faire_baisser_le_chômage"><span id="Pr.C3.A9conisations_pour_faire_baisser_le_ch.C3.B4mage"></span>Préconisations pour faire baisser le chômage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Préconisations pour faire baisser le chômage" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Préconisations pour faire baisser le chômage"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'<a href="/wiki/Organisation_de_coop%C3%A9ration_et_de_d%C3%A9veloppement_%C3%A9conomiques" title="Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques">OCDE</a> préconise, pour les pays qui connaissent un chômage élevé de manière récurrente, des <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9forme_structurelle" title="Réforme structurelle">réformes</a> du <a href="/wiki/March%C3%A9_du_travail" title="Marché du travail">marché du travail</a> avec<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> : </p> <ul><li>un assouplissement de la protection de l'emploi et la <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9r%C3%A9glementation" title="Déréglementation">réduction des contraintes réglementaires</a> du <a href="/wiki/Droit_du_travail" title="Droit du travail">droit du travail</a>, ce qui encouragerait la création de nouveaux emplois ;</li> <li>une <a href="/wiki/Flexibilit%C3%A9_des_ressources_humaines" class="mw-redirect" title="Flexibilité des ressources humaines">flexibilité</a> accrue du temps de travail ;</li> <li>le développement des possibilités de <a href="/wiki/Travail_%C3%A0_temps_partiel" title="Travail à temps partiel">travail à temps partiel</a>, en particulier pour permettre de concilier activités professionnelles et responsabilités parentales ;</li> <li>le développement des <a href="/wiki/Formation_professionnelle" title="Formation professionnelle">formations professionnelles</a> tout au long de la vie active car « les travailleurs qui reçoivent une formation (…) ont plus de chance de conserver leur emploi que ceux qui n'en reçoivent pas » ;</li> <li>la transformation des emplois temporaires en emplois permanents, en réduisant les écarts entre les différents types de contrat de travail ;</li> <li>la mise en place par les États d'une stratégie des « obligations mutuelles », par lequel le bénéficiaire de prestations sociales devrait en échange d'un service de très haute qualité, s'engager à mener une recherche active d'emploi (aussi appelé <a href="/wiki/Workfare" title="Workfare">workfare</a> par l'équipe du premier ministre britannique <a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Tony Blair</a>) ;</li> <li>la généralisation du système de la <a href="/wiki/Flexicurit%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Flexicurité">flexicurité</a>, initié par le <a href="/wiki/Danemark" title="Danemark">Danemark</a>. La flexsécurité allie facilité d'embauche et de licenciement avec une indemnisation élevée du chômage, des obligations d'accepter des emplois et des programmes de formation professionnelle efficaces.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.oecd.org/fr/unemp/taux-de-chomage.htm"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Chômage - Taux de chômage</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">theOECD</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2023-11-23" data-sort-value="2023-11-23">23 novembre 2023</time>)</small></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2006">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oecd.org/document/18/0,2340,fr_2649_201185_20347588_1_1_1_1,00.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Economic Outlook</span></cite></a> », OCDE, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2006-12" data-sort-value="2006-12">décembre 2006</time></span>.</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Voir aussi"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r194021218">.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .autres-projets{float:none}}</style><div class="autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets"> <p class="titre">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <li class="commons"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/category:Unemployment?uselang=fr">Chômage</a>, sur <span class="project">Wikimedia Commons</span></li><li class="wiktionary"><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/ch%C3%B4mage" class="extiw" title="wikt:chômage">Chômage</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur le <span class="project">Wiktionnaire</span></span></li><li class="wikinews"><a href="https://fr.wikinews.org/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Ch%C3%B4mage" class="extiw" title="n:Catégorie:Chômage">Chômage</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur <span class="project">Wikinews</span></span></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles connexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%B4mage_dans_l%27Union_europ%C3%A9enne" title="Chômage dans l'Union européenne">Chômage dans l'Union européenne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%B4mage_en_France" title="Chômage en France">Chômage en France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taux_d%27emploi" title="Taux d'emploi">Taux d'emploi</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers"><a href="/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_(sciences_de_l%27information)" title="Autorité (sciences de l'information)">Notices d'autorité</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1787954?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4134089-9">GND</a></span></li> </ul></div></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/lab_une_rat-labor-unemployment-rate">Comparaison de taux de chômage par pays</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/graph.do?tab=graph&plugin=1&pcode=tsdec450&language=fr&toolbox=data">Comparaison de taux de chômage des pays de l’Europe</a></li></ul> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:%C3%89conomie" title="Portail de l’économie"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/24px-Emblem-money.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/36px-Emblem-money.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/48px-Emblem-money.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:%C3%89conomie" title="Portail:Économie">Portail de l’économie</a></span> </span></li> </ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Ce document provient de « <a dir="ltr" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_chômage&oldid=209918797">https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_chômage&oldid=209918797</a> ».</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Accueil" title="Catégorie:Accueil">Catégories</a> : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Ch%C3%B4mage" title="Catégorie:Chômage">Chômage</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Indicateur_%C3%A9conomique" title="Catégorie:Indicateur économique">Indicateur économique</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Sociologie_de_l%27emploi" title="Catégorie:Sociologie de l'emploi">Sociologie de l'emploi</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Catégories cachées : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Article_%C3%A0_internationaliser" title="Catégorie:Article à internationaliser">Article à internationaliser</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Cat%C3%A9gorie_Commons_avec_lien_local_diff%C3%A9rent_sur_Wikidata" title="Catégorie:Catégorie Commons avec lien local différent sur Wikidata">Catégorie Commons avec lien local différent sur Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Article_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia_avec_notice_d%27autorit%C3%A9" title="Catégorie:Article de Wikipédia avec notice d'autorité">Article de Wikipédia avec notice d'autorité</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Article_utilisant_le_mod%C3%A8le_Dictionnaires_inactif" title="Catégorie:Article utilisant le modèle Dictionnaires inactif">Article utilisant le modèle Dictionnaires inactif</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Page_utilisant_un_mod%C3%A8le_Bases_inactif" title="Catégorie:Page utilisant un modèle Bases inactif">Page utilisant un modèle Bases inactif</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:%C3%89conomie/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Économie/Articles liés">Portail:Économie/Articles liés</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Société/Articles liés">Portail:Société/Articles liés</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 23 novembre 2023 à 09:46.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright"><span style="white-space: normal"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Citation_et_r%C3%A9utilisation_du_contenu_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia" title="Wikipédia:Citation et réutilisation du contenu de Wikipédia">Droit d'auteur</a> : les textes sont disponibles sous <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr">licence Creative Commons attribution, partage dans les mêmes conditions</a> ; d’autres conditions peuvent s’appliquer. Voyez les <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Terms_of_Use/fr">conditions d’utilisation</a> pour plus de détails, ainsi que les <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Cr%C3%A9dits_graphiques" title="Wikipédia:Crédits graphiques">crédits graphiques</a>. En cas de réutilisation des textes de cette page, voyez <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Citer/Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage" title="Spécial:Citer/Taux de chômage">comment citer les auteurs et mentionner la licence</a>.<br /> Wikipedia® est une marque déposée de la <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, organisation de bienfaisance régie par le paragraphe <a href="/wiki/501c" title="501c">501(c)(3)</a> du code fiscal des États-Unis.</span><br /></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/fr">Politique de confidentialité</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:%C3%80_propos_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia">À propos de Wikipédia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Avertissements_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9raux">Avertissements</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipédia:Contact">Contact</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code de conduite</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Développeurs</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/fr.wikipedia.org">Statistiques</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Déclaration sur les témoins (cookies)</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//fr.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Version mobile</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Rechercher</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Rechercher sur Wikipédia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Spécial:Recherche"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Rechercher</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Taux de chômage</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>8 langues</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Ajouter un sujet</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7d5db9ff5-z7cs5","wgBackendResponseTime":800,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.390","walltime":"0.598","ppvisitednodes":{"value":3448,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":42043,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":4910,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":12,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":2036,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 463.473 1 -total"," 23.05% 106.821 1 Modèle:Bases"," 17.88% 82.852 35 Modèle:Pays"," 13.31% 61.689 1 Modèle:Références"," 11.65% 53.988 2 Modèle:Lien_web"," 7.49% 34.726 1 Modèle:Lang"," 6.97% 32.301 1 Modèle:Article_général"," 6.66% 30.865 1 Modèle:Autres_projets"," 6.40% 29.641 1 Modèle:Méta_bandeau"," 5.61% 25.983 1 Modèle:Portail"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.127","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":4663656,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-7d5db9ff5-z7cs5","timestamp":"20250303113239","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Taux de ch\u00f4mage","url":"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1787954","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1787954","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributeurs aux projets Wikimedia"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondation Wikimedia, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-09-13T21:46:58Z","dateModified":"2023-11-23T08:46:09Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/c8\/EU_Unemployment.svg","headline":"fraction de la population active qui est sans emploi"}</script> </body> </html>