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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log masuk</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Lebih pilihan" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alat peribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alat peribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ms.wikipedia.org&uselang=ms"><span>Derma</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Buka_akaun&returnto=Jejari+atom" title="Anda digalakkan untuk membuka akaun dan melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ianya tidak wajib"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buka akaun</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Log_masuk&returnto=Jejari+atom" title="Anda digalakkan untuk melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ia tidak wajib. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log masuk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Laman untuk penyunting log keluar <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengenalan" aria-label="Ketahui lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>Ketahui lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumbangan_saya" title="Senarai suntingan yang dibuat daripada alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Sumbangan</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Perbincangan_saya" title="Perbincangan mengenai penyuntingan daripada alamat IP anda [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Perbincangan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Tapak"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Kandungan" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Kandungan</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Permulaan</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Sejarah</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Definisi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definisi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Definisi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Definisi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rujukan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rujukan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Rujukan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rujukan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Kandungan" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Togol isi kandungan" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Togol isi kandungan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Jejari atom</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke rencana dalam bahasa lain. Tersedia dalam 71 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-71" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">71 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atoomradius" title="Atoomradius – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Atoomradius" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%81_%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B1_%D8%B0%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="نصف قطر ذري – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نصف قطر ذري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_atomico" title="Radio atomico – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Radio atomico" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiu_at%C3%B3micu" title="Radiu atómicu – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Radiu atómicu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jari-jari_atom" title="Jari-jari atom – Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Jari-jari atom" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7" title="পারমাণবিক ব্যাসার্ধ – Benggali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পারমাণবিক ব্যাসার্ধ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Benggali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Радыус атама – Belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Радыус атама" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomski_radijus" title="Atomski radijus – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Atomski radijus" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%83%D1%81" title="Атомен радиус – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Атомен радиус" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radi_at%C3%B2mic" title="Radi atòmic – Catalonia" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Radi atòmic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%83%D1%81%C4%95" title="Атом радиусĕ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Атом радиусĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomov%C3%BD_polom%C4%9Br" title="Atomový poloměr – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Atomový poloměr" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomradius" title="Atomradius – Denmark" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Atomradius" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Denmark" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B9_%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="شعاع دري – Arab Maghribi" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="شعاع دري" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Arab Maghribi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomradius" title="Atomradius – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Atomradius" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aatomiraadius" title="Aatomiraadius – Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Aatomiraadius" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1" title="Ατομική ακτίνα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ατομική ακτίνα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_radius" title="Atomic radius – Inggeris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Atomic radius" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggeris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_at%C3%B3mico" title="Radio atómico – Sepanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Radio atómico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Sepanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomradiuso" title="Atomradiuso – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Atomradiuso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erradio_atomiko" title="Erradio atomiko – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Erradio atomiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%85%DB%8C" title="شعاع اتمی – Parsi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شعاع اتمی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Parsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayon_atomique" title="Rayon atomique – Perancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rayon atomique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Perancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ga_adamhach" title="Ga adamhach – Ireland" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ga adamhach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Ireland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raio_at%C3%B3mico" title="Raio atómico – Galicia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Raio atómico" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9B%90%EC%9E%90_%EB%B0%98%EC%A7%80%EB%A6%84" title="원자 반지름 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="원자 반지름" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B7%D5%A1%D5%BC%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%B2" title="Ատոմական շառավիղ – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ատոմական շառավիղ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%81_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="परमाणु त्रिज्या – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="परमाणु त्रिज्या" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomski_radijus" title="Atomski radijus – Croatia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Atomski radijus" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raggio_atomico" title="Raggio atomico – Itali" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Raggio atomico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Itali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A1_%D7%90%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99" title="רדיוס אטומי – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רדיוס אטומי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ატომის რადიუსი – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ატომის რადიუსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Атом радиусы – Kazakhstan" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Атом радиусы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakhstan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%83%D1%81" title="Атомдук радиус – Kirghiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Атомдук радиус" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirghiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atoma_r%C4%81diuss" title="Atoma rādiuss – Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Atoma rādiuss" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomo_spindulys" title="Atomo spindulys – Lithuania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Atomo spindulys" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ragg_at%C3%B2mich" title="Ragg atòmich – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Ragg atòmich" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomsug%C3%A1r" title="Atomsugár – Hungary" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Atomsugár" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungary" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Атомски полупречник – Macedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Атомски полупречник" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95_%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="ആറ്റോമിക ആരം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ആറ്റോമിക ആരം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%83%D1%81" title="Атомын радиус – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Атомын радиус" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%90%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%81%8F_%E1%80%A1%E1%80%81%E1%80%BB%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9D%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA" title="အက်တမ်၏ အချင်းဝက် – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အက်တမ်၏ အချင်းဝက်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atoomstraal" title="Atoomstraal – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Atoomstraal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%8D%8A%E5%BE%84" title="原子半径 – Jepun" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="原子半径" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomradius" title="Atomradius – Bokmal Norway" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Atomradius" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmal Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomradius" title="Atomradius – Nynorsk Norway" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Atomradius" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rai_atomic" title="Rai atomic – Occitania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Rai atomic" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom_radiusi" title="Atom radiusi – Uzbekistan" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Atom radiusi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbekistan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomradius" title="Atomradius – Jerman Rendah" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Atomradius" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promie%C5%84_atomowy" title="Promień atomowy – Poland" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Promień atomowy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raio_at%C3%B3mico" title="Raio atómico – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Raio atómico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raz%C4%83_atomic%C4%83" title="Rază atomică – Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Rază atomică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Радиус атома – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Радиус атома" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AB%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%BA" title="පරමාණුක අරය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පරමාණුක අරය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_radius" title="Atomic radius – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Atomic radius" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/At%C3%B3mov%C3%BD_polomer" title="Atómový polomer – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Atómový polomer" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomski_polmer" title="Atomski polmer – Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Atomski polmer" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%95%DB%8C_%DA%AF%DB%95%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%95" title="نیوەتیرەی گەردیلە – Kurdi Tengah" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="نیوەتیرەی گەردیلە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Tengah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D1%81" title="Атомски радијус – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Атомски радијус" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomski_radijus" title="Atomski radijus – SerboCroatia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Atomski radijus" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="SerboCroatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomis%C3%A4de" title="Atomisäde – Finland" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Atomisäde" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomradie" title="Atomradie – Sweden" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Atomradie" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweden" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="அணு ஆரம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அணு ஆரம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1" title="รัศมีอะตอม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รัศมีอะตอม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1n_k%C3%ADnh_nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%AD" title="Bán kính nguyên tử – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bán kính nguyên tử" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom_yar%C4%B1%C3%A7ap%C4%B1" title="Atom yarıçapı – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Atom yarıçapı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%83%D1%81" title="Атомний радіус – Ukraine" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Атомний радіус" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraine" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%DB%81%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="جوہری رداس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جوہری رداس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%8D%8A%E5%BE%84" title="原子半径 – Cina Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="原子半径" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Cina Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%8D%8A%E5%BE%91" title="原子半徑 – Kantonis" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="原子半徑" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%8D%8A%E5%BE%84" title="原子半径 – Cina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="原子半径" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Cina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q483788#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pautan antara bahasa" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pautan</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Jejari_atom" 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0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:720px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:auto"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="border-bottom:2px solid; background:#d3d3d3">Jenis-jenis jejari</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jejari atom</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jejari_ion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jejari ion (laman tidak wujud)">Jejari ion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jejari_kovalen" title="Jejari kovalen">Jejari kovalen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jejari_logam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jejari logam (laman tidak wujud)">Jejari logam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jejari_van_der_Waals" title="Jejari van der Waals">Jejari van der Waals</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5375175">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 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class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Helium_atom_QM.svg/180px-Helium_atom_QM.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Helium_atom_QM.svg/270px-Helium_atom_QM.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Helium_atom_QM.svg/360px-Helium_atom_QM.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="665" data-file-height="667" /></a><figcaption>Gambar menunjukkan atom helium, bahagian kelabu merujuk kepada ketumpatan kebarangkalian elektron.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Ethanol-3D-vdW.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Ethanol-3D-vdW.png/180px-Ethanol-3D-vdW.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Ethanol-3D-vdW.png/270px-Ethanol-3D-vdW.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Ethanol-3D-vdW.png/360px-Ethanol-3D-vdW.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="879" /></a><figcaption>Anggaran bentuk molekul <a href="/wiki/Etanol" title="Etanol">etanol</a>, CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>OH. Setiap model sfera merupakan atom dengan <a href="/wiki/Jejari_van_der_Waals" title="Jejari van der Waals">jejari van der Waals</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Jejari atom</b> sesuatu <a href="/wiki/Unsur_kimia" title="Unsur kimia">unsur kimia</a> merupakan ukuran saiz atomnya, yang seringkali ialah purata jarak dari <a href="/wiki/Nukleus_atom" title="Nukleus atom">nukleus</a> ke bahagian sempadan awan <a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">elektron</a>. Terdapat beberapa definisi yang turut merujuk kepada jejari atom kerana definisi sempadan tersebut tidak mempunyai entiti fizikal yang tepat. Tiga jenis definisi yang dikaitkan dengan jejari atom ialah <a href="/wiki/Jejari_van_der_Waals" title="Jejari van der Waals">jejari van der Waals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jejari_kovalen" title="Jejari kovalen">jejari kovalen</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jejari_ion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jejari ion (laman tidak wujud)">jejari ion</a>. </p><p>Definisi tersebut turut melibatkan atom terasing, atom dalam jirim termeluwap, ikatan kovalen dalam molekul dalam bentuk terion dan teruja. Ukuran jejari atom diperoleh melalui eksperimen atau dikira berdasarkan model teori. Berdasarkan definisi ini, ukuran jejari atomm bergantung kepada sifat dan konteks atom tersebut.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Elektron tidak mempunyai orbit atau lingkungan yang tetap. Posisi elektron dijelaskan berdasarkan taburan kebarangkalian elektron yang semakin berkurangkan apabila berjauhan dari nukleus, tanpa sebarang potongan. Lebih-lebih lagi, dalam jirim dan molekul termeluwap, awan elektron kebiasaannya bertindih dan sesetengah elektron mungkin berada di kawasan yang mempunyai dua atau lebih atom. </p><p>Berdasarkan kebanyakkan definisi, panjang jejari atom terasing yang neutral adalah di antara 30 dan 300pm atau antara 0.4 dan 4 angstrom. Oleh itu, jejari sesuatu atom ialah lebih daripada 10,000 kali jejari nukleus (1–10fm),<sup id="cite_ref-Basdevant_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Basdevant-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan kurang daripada 1/1000 <a href="/wiki/Panjang_gelombang" title="Panjang gelombang">panjang gelombang</a> <a href="/wiki/Cahaya" title="Cahaya">cahaya boleh nampak</a> (400–700nm). </p><p>Panjang jejari atom dapat diramalkan dan dijelaskan dengan menggunakan <a href="/wiki/Jadual_berkala" title="Jadual berkala">jadual berkala</a>. Sebagai contoh, panjang jejari kebiasaanya berkurangan mengikut barisan jadual berkala (dari logam alkali ke <a href="/wiki/Gas_adi" title="Gas adi">gas adi</a>), manakala panjang jejari meningkat mengikut susunan tegak kumpulan. Radius meningkat secara mendadak antara gas adi pada penghujung kala dan logam alkaki yang terletak pada permulaan kala berikutannya. Sifat ini dapat dijelaskan berdasarkan teori <a href="/wiki/Petala_elektron" title="Petala elektron">petala elektron</a> sesuatu atom. Jejari atom berkurangan sepanjang jadual berkala kerana apabila nombor atom berkurang, bilangan proton meningkat sepanjang kala tetapi lebihan elektron hanya bertambah pada petala kuantum yang sama. Oleh itu, cas nuklear berkesan terhadap elektron yang paling luar meningkat dan menariknya lebih dekat. Dengan itu, awan elektron menyusut dan menyebabkan jejari atom berkurang. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah">Sejarah</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jejari_atom&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bahagian: Sejarah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jejari_atom&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Sejarah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pada 1920 apabila saiz atom dapat dikenal pasti dengan menggunakan <a href="/w/index.php?title=X-ray_kristalografi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="X-ray kristalografi (laman tidak wujud)">X-ray kristalografi</a>, saintis mencadangkan bahawa semua atom untuk unsur yang sama mempunyai jejari yang sama.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Namun begitu, pada 1923 apabila lebihan data dianalisis, saintis membuat kesimpulan bahawa anggaran ukuran sfera atom tidak semestinya sama apabila atom yang sama dibandingkan dalam struktur kristal berbeza.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definisi">Definisi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jejari_atom&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bahagian: Definisi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jejari_atom&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Definisi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rujukan">Rujukan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jejari_atom&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bahagian: Rujukan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jejari_atom&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Rujukan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5110723">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFCottonWilkinson1988" class="citation book cs1">Cotton, F. A.; Wilkinson, G. (1988). <i>Advanced Inorganic Chemistry</i> (ed. 5th). John Wiley & Sons. m/s. 1385. <a href="/wiki/Nombor_Buku_Piawai_Antarabangsa" title="Nombor Buku Piawai Antarabangsa">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumber_buku/978-0-471-84997-1" title="Khas:Sumber buku/978-0-471-84997-1"><bdi>978-0-471-84997-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Advanced+Inorganic+Chemistry&rft.pages=1385&rft.edition=5th&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-471-84997-1&rft.aulast=Cotton&rft.aufirst=F.+A.&rft.au=Wilkinson%2C+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AJejari+atom" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Basdevant-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Basdevant_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFBasdevantRichSpiro2005" class="citation book cs1">Basdevant, J.-L.; Rich, J.; Spiro, M. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/?id=OFx7P9mgC9oC&pg=PA375&dq=helium+%22nuclear+structure%22#PPA13,M1"><i>Fundamentals in Nuclear Physics</i></a>. Springer. m/s. 13, fig 1.1. <a href="/wiki/Nombor_Buku_Piawai_Antarabangsa" title="Nombor Buku Piawai Antarabangsa">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumber_buku/978-0-387-01672-6" title="Khas:Sumber buku/978-0-387-01672-6"><bdi>978-0-387-01672-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fundamentals+in+Nuclear+Physics&rft.pages=13%2C+fig+1.1&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-387-01672-6&rft.aulast=Basdevant&rft.aufirst=J.-L.&rft.au=Rich%2C+J.&rft.au=Spiro%2C+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DOFx7P9mgC9oC%26pg%3DPA375%26dq%3Dhelium%2B%2522nuclear%2Bstructure%2522%23PPA13%2CM1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AJejari+atom" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFBragg1920" class="citation journal cs1">Bragg, W. L. (1920). "The arrangement of atoms in crystals". <i>Philosophical Magazine</i>. 6. <b>40</b> (236): 169–189. <a href="/wiki/Doi" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F14786440808636111">10.1080/14786440808636111</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philosophical+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+arrangement+of+atoms+in+crystals&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=236&rft.pages=169-189&rft.date=1920&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F14786440808636111&rft.aulast=Bragg&rft.aufirst=W.+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AJejari+atom" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFWyckoff1923" class="citation journal cs1">Wyckoff, R. W. G. (1923). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1085234">"On the Hypothesis of Constant Atomic Radii"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Proceedings_of_the_National_Academy_of_Sciences_of_the_United_States_of_America" title="Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</a></i>. <b>9</b> (2): 33–38. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1923PNAS....9...33W">1923PNAS....9...33W</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.9.2.33">10.1073/pnas.9.2.33</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC">PMC</a> <span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Boleh diakses dengan percuma"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1085234">1085234</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16576657">16576657</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=On+the+Hypothesis+of+Constant+Atomic+Radii&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=33-38&rft.date=1923&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1085234%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16576657&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1073%2Fpnas.9.2.33&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1923PNAS....9...33W&rft.aulast=Wyckoff&rft.aufirst=R.+W.+G.&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1085234&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AJejari+atom" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diambil daripada "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jejari_atom&oldid=4907810">https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jejari_atom&oldid=4907810</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Kategori" title="Khas:Kategori">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Atom" title="Kategori:Atom">Atom</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Laman ini kali terakhir disunting pada 03:33, 8 Oktober 2020.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Teks disediakan di bawah <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ms">Lesen Creative Commons Pengiktirafan/Perkongsian Serupa</a>; terma tambahan mungkin digunapakai. 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