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<div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Vzhled"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Změnit vzhled velikosti písma, šířky stránky a barvy" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vzhled" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vzhled</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cs.wikipedia.org&uselang=cs" class=""><span>Podpořte Wikipedii</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Vytvo%C5%99it_%C3%BA%C4%8Det&returnto=Estonci" title="Doporučujeme vytvořit si účet a přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné" class=""><span>Vytvoření účtu</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:P%C5%99ihl%C3%A1sit&returnto=Estonci" title="Doporučujeme vám přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Přihlášení</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Další možnosti" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Osobní nástroje" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Osobní nástroje</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Uživatelské menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cs.wikipedia.org&uselang=cs"><span>Podpořte Wikipedii</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Vytvo%C5%99it_%C3%BA%C4%8Det&returnto=Estonci" title="Doporučujeme vytvořit si účet a přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Vytvoření účtu</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:P%C5%99ihl%C3%A1sit&returnto=Estonci" title="Doporučujeme vám přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Přihlášení</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stránky pro odhlášené editory <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:%C3%9Avod" aria-label="Více informací o editování"><span>dozvědět se více</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_p%C5%99%C3%ADsp%C4%9Bvky" title="Seznam editací provedených z této IP adresy [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Příspěvky</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_diskuse" title="Diskuse o editacích provedených z této IP adresy [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Obsah" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(úvod)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Historie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Historie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Emigrace" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emigrace"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Emigrace</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Emigrace-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Osobnosti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Osobnosti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Osobnosti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Osobnosti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Odkazy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Odkazy</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Související_články" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Související_články"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Související články</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Související_články-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externí_odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externí_odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Externí odkazy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externí_odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Přepnout obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Přepnout obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Estonci</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Přejděte k článku v jiném jazyce. Je dostupný v 76 jazycích" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-76" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">76 jazyků</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estlanders" title="Estlanders – afrikánština" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Estlanders" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonios" title="Estonios – aragonština" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Estonios" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86" title="إستونيون – arabština" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إستونيون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB" title="Эстониял – avarština" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Эстониял" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonlar" title="Estonlar – ázerbájdžánština" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Estonlar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ázerbájdžánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="استون‌لار – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="استون‌لار" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Эстондар – baškirština" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Эстондар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Est%C4%81" title="Estā – žemaitština" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Estā" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="žemaitština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Эстонцы – běloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Эстонцы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="běloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Эстонцы – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Эстонцы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Естонци – bulharština" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Естонци" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonians" title="Estonians – katalánština" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Estonians" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Эстонаш – čečenština" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Эстонаш" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="čečenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A0%E1%8F%82%E1%8E%A1%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%99%E1%8F%82%E1%8E%A0%E1%8F%82" title="ᎠᏂᎡᏍᏙᏂᎠᏂ – čerokézština" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎠᏂᎡᏍᏙᏂᎠᏂ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="čerokézština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Эстонсем – čuvaština" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Эстонсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estoniaid" title="Estoniaid – velština" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Estoniaid" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estere" title="Estere – dánština" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Estere" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esten" title="Esten – němčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Esten" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="němčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%83%CE%B8%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%AF" title="Εσθονοί – řečtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εσθονοί" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="řečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonians" title="Estonians – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Estonians" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonoj" title="Estonoj – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Estonoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pueblo_estonio" title="Pueblo estonio – španělština" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pueblo estonio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španělština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eestlased" title="Eestlased – estonština" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Eestlased" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estoniar" title="Estoniar – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Estoniar" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%85_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="مردم استونیایی – perština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مردم استونیایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="doporučený článek"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virolaiset" title="Virolaiset – finština" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Virolaiset" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eestl%C3%A4seq" title="Eestläseq – võruština" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Eestläseq" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estoniens" title="Estoniens – francouzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Estoniens" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francouzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/East%C3%B3naigh" title="Eastónaigh – irština" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Eastónaigh" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pobo_estoniano" title="Pobo estoniano – galicijština" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pobo estoniano" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9D" title="אסטונים – hebrejština" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אסטונים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonci" title="Estonci – chorvatština" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Estonci" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89sztek" title="Észtek – maďarština" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Észtek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Էստոնացիներ – arménština" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Էստոնացիներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bansa_Estonia" title="Bansa Estonia – ibanština" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Bansa Estonia" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="ibanština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suku_Estonia" title="Suku Estonia – indonéština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Suku Estonia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonéština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estoni" title="Estoni – italština" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Estoni" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%8B%E3%82%A2%E4%BA%BA" title="エストニア人 – japonština" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エストニア人" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ესტონელები – gruzínština" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ესტონელები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jolma_Estonia" title="Jolma Estonia – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Jolma Estonia" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Эстондар – kazaština" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Эстондар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%90%EC%8A%A4%ED%86%A0%EB%8B%88%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B8" title="에스토니아인 – korejština" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="에스토니아인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%8F%D1%81" title="Эстъяс – komijština" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Эстъяс" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Эстондор – kyrgyzština" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Эстондор" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kyrgyzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Эстония – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Эстония" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eslenjers" title="Eslenjers – limburština" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Eslenjers" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estai" title="Estai – litevština" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Estai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litevština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igau%C5%86i" title="Igauņi – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Igauņi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Естонци – makedonština" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Естонци" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Эстоничууд – mongolština" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Эстоничууд" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_Estonia" title="Orang Estonia – malajština" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Orang Estonia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Эстэть – erzjanština" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Эстэть" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzjanština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esten" title="Esten – nizozemština" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Esten" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estarar" title="Estarar – norština (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Estarar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norština (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estlendere" title="Estlendere – norština (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Estlendere" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norština (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%B0%D0%B4%C3%A6%D0%BC" title="Эстойнаг адæм – osetština" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Эстойнаг адæм" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esto%C5%84czycy" title="Estończycy – polština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Estończycy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonianos" title="Estonianos – portugalština" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Estonianos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estoni" title="Estoni – rumunština" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Estoni" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Эстонцы – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эстонцы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Эстоннар – jakutština" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Эстоннар" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonci" title="Estonci – srbochorvatština" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Estonci" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonians" title="Estonians – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Estonians" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonci" title="Estonci – slovinština" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Estonci" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonez%C3%ABt" title="Estonezët – albánština" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Estonezët" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Естонци – srbština" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Естонци" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester_(folkslag)" title="Ester (folkslag) – švédština" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ester (folkslag)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonlar" title="Estonlar – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Estonlar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Эстоннар – tatarština" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Эстоннар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96" title="Естонці – ukrajinština" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Естонці" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonlar" title="Estonlar – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Estonlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estilai%C5%BEed" title="Estilaižed – vepština" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Estilaižed" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Estonia" title="Người Estonia – vietnamština" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Người Estonia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E6%B2%99%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA" title="爱沙尼亚人 – čínština (dialekty Wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="爱沙尼亚人" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E6%B2%99%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E4%BA%BA" title="愛沙尼亞人 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="愛沙尼亞人" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E6%B2%99%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E4%BA%BA" title="愛沙尼亞人 – kantonština" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="愛沙尼亞人" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q173302#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editovat mezijazykové odkazy" class="wbc-editpage">Upravit odkazy</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Jmenné prostory"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Estonci" title="Zobrazit obsahovou stránku [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Článek</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskuse:Estonci&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Diskuse ke stránce (stránka neexistuje) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Změnit variantu jazyka" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">čeština</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Zobrazení"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Estonci"><span>Číst</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonci&veaction=edit" title="Editovat tuto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editovat</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonci&action=edit" title="Editovat zdrojový kód této stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editovat zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonci&action=history" title="Starší verze této stránky. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Zobrazit historii</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje ke stránce"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Nástroje" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Nástroje</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Nástroje</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Další možnosti" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Akce </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Estonci"><span>Číst</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonci&veaction=edit" title="Editovat tuto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editovat</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonci&action=edit" title="Editovat zdrojový kód této stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editovat zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonci&action=history"><span>Zobrazit historii</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Obecné </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Co_odkazuje_na/Estonci" title="Seznam všech wikistránek, které sem odkazují [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Odkazuje sem</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Souvisej%C3%ADc%C3%AD_zm%C4%9Bny/Estonci" rel="nofollow" title="Nedávné změny stránek, na které je odkazováno [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Související změny</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=cs" title="Nahrát obrázky či jiná multimédia [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Načíst soubor</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_str%C3%A1nky" title="Seznam všech speciálních stránek [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Speciální stránky</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonci&oldid=24290484" title="Trvalý odkaz na současnou verzi této stránky"><span>Trvalý odkaz</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a 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lang="cs" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:22em;width: 22em; border-spacing: 5px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold">Estonci<br /><i>eestlased</i></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><div style="background-color:black;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid black;width:255px;display:table;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:1px 0 0 1px"><div style="display:table;background-color:black;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Lennart_Meri_1998.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Lennart_Meri_1998.jpg/84px-Lennart_Meri_1998.jpg" decoding="async" width="84" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Lennart_Meri_1998.jpg/126px-Lennart_Meri_1998.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Lennart_Meri_1998.jpg/168px-Lennart_Meri_1998.jpg 2x" data-file-width="573" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Arvo_P%C3%A4rt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Arvo_P%C3%A4rt.jpg/84px-Arvo_P%C3%A4rt.jpg" decoding="async" width="84" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Arvo_P%C3%A4rt.jpg/126px-Arvo_P%C3%A4rt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Arvo_P%C3%A4rt.jpg/168px-Arvo_P%C3%A4rt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1512" data-file-height="1888" /></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Kerli_at_Nashville_Pride_2012_by_Kathryn_Parson_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Kerli_at_Nashville_Pride_2012_by_Kathryn_Parson_cropped.jpg/84px-Kerli_at_Nashville_Pride_2012_by_Kathryn_Parson_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="84" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Kerli_at_Nashville_Pride_2012_by_Kathryn_Parson_cropped.jpg/126px-Kerli_at_Nashville_Pride_2012_by_Kathryn_Parson_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Kerli_at_Nashville_Pride_2012_by_Kathryn_Parson_cropped.jpg/168px-Kerli_at_Nashville_Pride_2012_by_Kathryn_Parson_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1107" data-file-height="1604" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></div> <a href="/wiki/Lennart_Meri" title="Lennart Meri">Lennart Meri</a> • <a href="/wiki/Arvo_P%C3%A4rt" title="Arvo Pärt">Arvo Pärt</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kerli" title="Kerli">Kerli</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #b0c4de;">Populace</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><b>1 315 819 (2014)</b><sup id="cite_ref-rfr1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfr1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #b0c4de;">Země s významnou populací</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span style="display:none">Estonsko</span><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Estonsko" title="Estonsko"><img alt="Estonsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Estonsko" title="Estonsko">Estonsko</a></span> 909 307 (2014)<sup id="cite_ref-rfr1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfr1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <center>Další státy s významnou populací:</center></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal;;text-align:left"><span style="display:none">Finsko</span><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Finsko" title="Finsko"><img alt="Finsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Finsko" title="Finsko">Finsko</a></span></th><td>44 774<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal;;text-align:left"><span style="display:none">Rusko</span><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Rusko" title="Rusko"><img alt="Rusko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rusko" title="Rusko">Rusko</a></span></th><td>17 875 (2010)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center">25 000</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal;;text-align:left"><span style="display:none">Kanada</span><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada"><img alt="Kanada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a></span></th><td>23 180-50 000<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-canadainternational.gc.ca_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-canadainternational.gc.ca-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal;;text-align:left"><span style="display:none">Austrálie</span><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austr%C3%A1lie" title="Austrálie"><img alt="Austrálie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Austr%C3%A1lie" title="Austrálie">Austrálie</a></span></th><td>7 543 (2001)<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal;;text-align:left"><span style="display:none">Ukrajina</span><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ukrajina" title="Ukrajina"><img alt="Ukrajina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/33px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/44px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ukrajina" title="Ukrajina">Ukrajina</a></span></th><td>2 868 (2001)<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal;;text-align:left"><span style="display:none">Spojené království</span><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spojen%C3%A9_kr%C3%A1lovstv%C3%AD" title="Spojené království"><img alt="Spojené království" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Spojen%C3%A9_kr%C3%A1lovstv%C3%AD" title="Spojené království">Spojené království</a></span></th><td>14 000<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal;;text-align:left"><span style="display:none">Lotyšsko</span><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Loty%C5%A1sko" title="Lotyšsko"><img alt="Lotyšsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Loty%C5%A1sko" title="Lotyšsko">Lotyšsko</a></span></th><td>2 381<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal;;text-align:left"><span style="display:none">Irsko</span><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Irsko" title="Irsko"><img alt="Irsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Irsko" title="Irsko">Irsko</a></span></th><td>2 373<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #b0c4de;">Jazyk(y)</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Eston%C5%A1tina" title="Estonština">Estonština</a> <i>(eesti keel)</i></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #b0c4de;">Náboženství</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Luter%C3%A1nstv%C3%AD" title="Luteránství">Luteránství</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #b0c4de;">Příbuzné národy</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Ugrofinsk%C3%A9_n%C3%A1rody" title="Ugrofinské národy">Ugrofinské národy</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Estonci</b> (<a href="/wiki/Eston%C5%A1tina" title="Estonština">estonsky</a>: eestlased, dříve <i>maarahvas</i>) jsou ugrofinský národ žijící zejména na území <a href="/wiki/Estonsko" title="Estonsko">Estonska</a>. Estonci převážně hovoří <a href="/wiki/Eston%C5%A1tina" title="Estonština">estonsky</a>, což je jazyk finské větve <a href="/wiki/Ugrofinsk%C3%A9_jazyky" title="Ugrofinské jazyky">ugrofinských jazyků</a>. Estonština je příbuzná s <a href="/wiki/Fin%C5%A1tina" title="Finština">finštinou</a> a vzdáleně také s <a href="/wiki/Ma%C4%8Far%C5%A1tina" title="Maďarština">maďarštinou</a>. Ačkoliv Estonsko je tradičně řazeno mezi <a href="/wiki/Baltsk%C3%A9_st%C3%A1ty" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltské státy">pobaltské státy</a>, jsou Estonci jazykově a etnicky nepříbuzní se svými sousedy <a href="/wiki/Loty%C5%A1i" title="Lotyši">Lotyši</a> a <a href="/wiki/Litevci" title="Litevci">Litevci</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historie">Historie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonci&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editace sekce: Historie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonci&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Historie"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Eesti_rahvar%C3%B5ivad-EE_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Eesti_rahvar%C3%B5ivad-EE_1.jpg/220px-Eesti_rahvar%C3%B5ivad-EE_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Eesti_rahvar%C3%B5ivad-EE_1.jpg/330px-Eesti_rahvar%C3%B5ivad-EE_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Eesti_rahvar%C3%B5ivad-EE_1.jpg/440px-Eesti_rahvar%C3%B5ivad-EE_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2435" data-file-height="1602" /></a><figcaption>Estonské národní kostýmy</figcaption></figure> <p>Estonsko bylo poprvé <a href="/wiki/Os%C3%ADdlen%C3%AD" title="Osídlení">osídleno</a> před 10 000 lety poté, co ustoupil baltský <a href="/wiki/Ledovec" title="Ledovec">ledovec</a>. Ačkoliv není jisté, jakým <a href="/wiki/Jazyk_(lingvistika)" title="Jazyk (lingvistika)">jazykem</a> hovořili tito první obyvatelé, dá se celkem jistě říci, že první obyvatelé mluvící ugrofinským jazykem příbuzní dnešním Estoncům dorazili na území dnešního Estonska před 5000 lety.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To řadí Estonce mezi nejstarší stálé obyvatele jednoho území v Evropě.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dnešní výraz pro Estonsko je odvozen ze slova <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aestii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aestii (stránka neexistuje)">Aestii</a></i>, kterým staří Germáni označovali lidi žijící na severozápad od řeky <a href="/wiki/Visla" title="Visla">Visly</a>. Římský historik <a href="/wiki/Tacitus" title="Tacitus">Tacitus</a> v roce 98 př. n . l. byl prvním, kdo se zmínil o národu zvaném <i>Aestii</i>, a raní obyvatelé Skandinávie nazývali území jižně od <a href="/wiki/Finsk%C3%BD_z%C3%A1liv" title="Finský záliv">Finského zálivu</a> <i>Eistland</i>. Tento název dodnes užívá <a href="/wiki/Island%C5%A1tina" title="Islandština">islandština</a> a výraz pro Estonce je <i>eistr</i>. </p><p>Estonština patří do finské větve <a href="/wiki/Ugrofinsk%C3%A9_jazyky" title="Ugrofinské jazyky">ugrofinských jazyků</a>. </p><p>Nejstarší známé případy psané estonštiny pochází ze 13. století, například latinsky psaná kronika Heinrici Chronicon Livoniae obsahuje slova a části vět v estonštině. První estonsky tištěná kniha spatřila světlo světa v roce 1525. </p><p>Přestože estonské národní uvědomění je spíše spjato až s dobou <a href="/wiki/Estonsk%C3%A9_n%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_obrozen%C3%AD" title="Estonské národní obrození">estonského národního obrození</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> již tomuto obrození předcházel určitý stupeň uvědomění si národní identity.<sup id="cite_ref-raun2003_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-raun2003-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> V 18. století se mezi Estonci šíří užívání označení <i>eestlane</i> spolu se starším <i>maarahvas</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a> byla do estonštiny přeložena v roce 1739, a počet knih a brožur vydaných v estonštině vzrostl z 18 v padesátých letech 18. století na 54 o čtyřicet let později. Na konci 18. století více než polovina dospělých rolníků byla gramotná. První vysokoškolsky vzdělaní intelektuálové označující sebe sama za Estonce, mezi něž patřili <a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_Robert_Faehlmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich Robert Faehlmann (stránka neexistuje)">Friedrich Robert Faehlmann</a> (1798-1850), <a href="/wiki/Kristjan_Jaak_Peterson" title="Kristjan Jaak Peterson">Kristjan Jaak Peterson</a> (1801-22) a <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Reinhold_Kreutzwald" title="Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald">Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald</a> (1803-82), se objevili ve dvacátých letech 19. století. </p><p>Vládnoucí elity v Estonsku byly již od dobytí Estonska německým <a href="/wiki/%C5%98%C3%A1d_me%C4%8Dov%C3%BDch_brat%C5%99%C3%AD" title="Řád mečových bratří">Řádem mečových bratří</a> ve 13. století převážně německé národnosti (<a href="/wiki/Balt%C5%A1t%C3%AD_N%C4%9Bmci" title="Baltští Němci">baltští Němci</a>). </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garlieb_Merkel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garlieb Merkel (stránka neexistuje)">Garlieb Merkel</a> (1769-1850), baltský Němec, byl prvním autorem, který považoval Estonce za národ rovnoprávný s ostatními a stal se tak zdrojem inspirace pro estonské národní hnutí, které se opíralo o pobaltskou německou kulturu do poloviny 19. století. Nicméně v polovině století se Estonci stali ambicióznějšími a začali si brát příklad u Finů coby úspěšného národního hnutí a do jisté míry i u sousedního lotyšského národního hnutí. </p><p>Na konci roku 1860 se již Estonci nemohli smířit s německou kulturní a politickou nadvládou. Zato jejich postoj k <a href="/wiki/Rusk%C3%A9_imp%C3%A9rium" title="Ruské impérium">Ruskému impériu</a> byl před <a href="/wiki/Rusifikace" title="Rusifikace">rusifikací</a> v 80. letech 19. století kladný.<sup id="cite_ref-raun2003_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-raun2003-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Estonci mají silné vazby na <a href="/wiki/Seversk%C3%A9_st%C3%A1ty" title="Severské státy">severské státy</a>, které vyplývají z významného kulturního a náboženského ovlivnění během staletí jejich nadvlády.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Estonci se dokonce sami počítají spíše k severským státům než k pobaltským zemím,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a to zejména díky etnické a jazykové spřízněnosti s Finy. </p><p>Během let 1945-89 se podíl etnických Estonců v Estonsku snížil z 94% na 61%, což bylo zapříčiněno jak deportacemi organizovanými Sovětským svazem, tak sovětským programem masového přistěhovalectví z Ruska a dalších částí bývalého <a href="/wiki/Sov%C4%9Btsk%C3%BD_svaz" title="Sovětský svaz">SSSR</a> do průmyslových oblastí Estonska. Stejně tak na tom měla podíl válečná emigrace a Stalinovy masové deportace a popravy. Nynější podíl Estonců se blíží k 70%. </p><p>Mimo Estonsko žijí Estonci nejvíce v Rusku, Finsku, Švédsku, Spojených státech nebo dalších západních zemích. V sousedním Lotyšsku žije okolo 2700 Estonců (dle sčítání lidu 1997), a v Litvě v roce 1989 žilo 600 Estonců. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Emigrace">Emigrace</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonci&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editace sekce: Emigrace" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonci&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Emigrace"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Během druhé světové války v roce 1944 provedla Rudá armáda invazi do Estonska. Mnoho Estonců utíkalo ze své domoviny na lodích či malých člunech přes Baltské moře do Švédska a Německa. Odtud později pokračovali dál a usadili se v Kanadě, Spojených státech a Austrálii. Někteří z nich se i s potomky vrátili do Estonska po získání opětovné nezávislosti země v roce 1991. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Osobnosti">Osobnosti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonci&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editace sekce: Osobnosti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonci&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Osobnosti"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>K významným vědcům patří astrofyzik <a href="/wiki/Ernst_%C3%96pik" title="Ernst Öpik">Ernst Öpik</a>, fyzikové <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Johann_Seebeck" title="Thomas Johann Seebeck">Thomas Johann Seebeck</a>, jenž objevil termoelektrický jev, a <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Lenz" title="Heinrich Lenz">Heinrich Lenz</a> či optik <a href="/wiki/Bernhard_Schmidt" title="Bernhard Schmidt">Bernhard Schmidt</a>. Estonský původ měli i zoologové <a href="/wiki/Karl_Ernst_von_Baer" title="Karl Ernst von Baer">Karl Ernst von Baer</a> a <a href="/wiki/Alexander_von_Middendorff" title="Alexander von Middendorff">Alexander von Middendorff</a>. </p><p>K nejvýznamnějším světovým sémiotikům patří <a href="/wiki/Jurij_Michajlovi%C4%8D_Lotman" title="Jurij Michajlovič Lotman">Jurij Michajlovič Lotman</a>. Lingvista <a href="/wiki/Paul_Ariste" title="Paul Ariste">Paul Ariste</a> zasvětil život studiu umírající votštiny. Ve vývoji estonského jazyka sehrál zásadní roli filolog <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Aavik" title="Johannes Aavik">Johannes Aavik</a>. Tvůrcem umělého jazyka Occidental byl baltský Němec <a href="/wiki/Edgar_de_Wahl" title="Edgar de Wahl">Edgar de Wahl</a>. Mezinárodní věhlas získal i filozof a kulturní teoretik <a href="/wiki/Jaan_Kaplinski" title="Jaan Kaplinski">Jaan Kaplinski</a>. V Tallinnu se narodil zakladatel gestalt psychologie <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_K%C3%B6hler" title="Wolfgang Köhler">Wolfgang Köhler</a>. </p><p>Za zakladatele moderní estonské literatury je považován <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Reinhold_Kreutzwald" title="Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald">Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald</a>, za zakladatele moderní estonské poezie jsou označováni <a href="/wiki/Marie_Underov%C3%A1" title="Marie Underová">Marie Underová</a> a <a href="/wiki/Kristjan_Jaak_Peterson" title="Kristjan Jaak Peterson">Kristjan Jaak Peterson</a>. Významnou představitelkou estonského národního obrození byla básnířka <a href="/wiki/Lydia_Koidula" title="Lydia Koidula">Lydia Koidula</a> či spisovatel <a href="/wiki/Carl_Robert_Jakobson" title="Carl Robert Jakobson">Carl Robert Jakobson</a>. <a href="/wiki/Johann_Voldemar_Jannsen" title="Johann Voldemar Jannsen">Johann Voldemar Jannsen</a> napsal báseň, která se stala později textem estonské národní hymny. Pentalogie <i>Pravda a spravedlnost</i>, jejímž autorem je <a href="/wiki/Anton_Hansen_Tammsaare" title="Anton Hansen Tammsaare">Anton Hansen Tammsaare</a>, je pilířem estonské prózy. V meziválečném Estonsku vynikli básnířka <a href="/wiki/Betti_Alverov%C3%A1" title="Betti Alverová">Betti Alverová</a> či básník <a href="/wiki/Friedebert_Tuglas" title="Friedebert Tuglas">Friedebert Tuglas</a>, který do estonské literatury vnesl prvky impresionismu a symbolismu. Ve druhé polovině 20. století se prosadil <a href="/wiki/Jaan_Kross" title="Jaan Kross">Jaan Kross</a>. K oceňovaným současným autorům patří <a href="/wiki/T%C3%B5nu_%C3%95nnepalu" title="Tõnu Õnnepalu">Tõnu Õnnepalu</a>. </p><p>Nejproslulejšími hudebními skladateli jsou <a href="/wiki/Arvo_P%C3%A4rt" title="Arvo Pärt">Arvo Pärt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Evald_Aav" title="Evald Aav">Evald Aav</a> a <a href="/wiki/Eduard_Tubin" title="Eduard Tubin">Eduard Tubin</a>. Z interpretů lze jmenovat dirigenta <a href="/wiki/Neeme_J%C3%A4rvi" title="Neeme Järvi">Neeme Järviho</a>. </p><p>V Estonsku se narodil významný americký architekt <a href="/wiki/Louis_Kahn" title="Louis Kahn">Louis Kahn</a>. </p><p>V modelingu se prosadila <a href="/wiki/Carmen_Kassov%C3%A1" title="Carmen Kassová">Carmen Kassová</a>. </p><p>Klíčovou postavou meziválečné estonské politiky byl <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_P%C3%A4ts" title="Konstantin Päts">Konstantin Päts</a>. Hrdinou estonské války o nezávislost v letech 1918-1920 byl <a href="/wiki/Johan_Laidoner" title="Johan Laidoner">Johan Laidoner</a>. </p><p>Estonskými Němci byli polárník <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Petrovi%C4%8D_Wrangel" title="Ferdinand Petrovič Wrangel">Ferdinand Petrovič Wrangel</a> i cestovatel <a href="/wiki/Otto_von_Kotzebue" title="Otto von Kotzebue">Otto von Kotzebue</a>. </p><p>Dvě zlaté olympijské medaile má zápasník <a href="/wiki/Kristjan_Palusalu" title="Kristjan Palusalu">Kristjan Palusalu</a>, olympijským vítězem je i desetibojař <a href="/wiki/Erki_Nool" title="Erki Nool">Erki Nool</a>. Uspěl i šachista <a href="/wiki/Paul_Keres" title="Paul Keres">Paul Keres</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Odkazy">Odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonci&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editace sekce: Odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonci&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reference">Reference</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonci&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editace sekce: Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonci&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Reference"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="plainlinks"><i>V tomto článku byl použit <a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:WikiProjekt_P%C5%99eklad/Rady" title="Wikipedie:WikiProjekt Překlad/Rady">překlad</a> textu z článku <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonians?oldid=271508237"><span class="cizojazycne" lang="en" title="angličtina">Estonians</span></a> na anglické Wikipedii.</i></span> </p> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-rfr1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-rfr1_1-0"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfr1_1-1"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">b</sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Archivovaná kopie. <i>www.stat.ee</i> [online]. [cit. 2015-03-23]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190107090524/https://www.stat.ee/34278">Dostupné v archivu</a> pořízeném z <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stat.ee/34278">originálu</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=www.stat.ee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stat.ee%2F34278&rft.atitle=Archivovan%C3%A1+kopie"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.stat.fi/tup/suoluk/suoluk_vaesto_en.html">http://www.stat.fi/tup/suoluk/suoluk_vaesto_en.html</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;"> <i>ВПН-2010</i> [online]. [cit. 2015-03-17]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120118212344/http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/result-december-2011.ppt">Dostupné v archivu</a> pořízeném dne 18-01-2012.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelmonografie&rft.btitle=%D0%92%D0%9F%D0%9D-2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.perepis-2010.ru%2Fresults_of_the_census%2Fresult-december-2011.ppt"><span style="display:none"> </span></span><span title="Chyba v použití šablony!" class="error" style="font-weight:bold;display:none;">Je zde použita šablona <code>{{<a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ablona:Cite_web" title="Šablona:Cite web">Cite web</a>}}</code> označená jako k „pouze dočasnému použití“.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Archivovaná kopie. <i>www.estemb.ca</i> [online]. [cit. 2015-03-23]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150705032311/http://www.estemb.ca/estonia_and_canada">Dostupné v archivu</a> pořízeném dne 2015-07-05.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=www.estemb.ca&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.estemb.ca%2Festonia_and_canada&rft.atitle=Archivovan%C3%A1+kopie"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-canadainternational.gc.ca-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-canadainternational.gc.ca_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;"> <i>Canada-Estonia Relations</i> [online]. [cit. 2015-03-17]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131120072919/http://canadainternational.gc.ca/baltic_states-pays_baltes/bilateral_relations_bilaterales/estonia_relations_estonie.aspx?lang=eng">Dostupné v archivu</a> pořízeném dne 2013-11-20.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelmonografie&rft.btitle=Canada-Estonia+Relations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.canadainternational.gc.ca%2Fbaltic_states-pays_baltes%2Fbilateral_relations_bilaterales%2Festonia_relations_estonie.aspx%3Flang%3Deng"><span style="display:none"> </span></span><span title="Chyba v použití šablony!" class="error" style="font-weight:bold;display:none;">Je zde použita šablona <code>{{<a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ablona:Cite_web" title="Šablona:Cite web">Cite web</a>}}</code> označená jako k „pouze dočasnému použití“.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;"> <i>2054.0 Australian Census Analytic Program: Australians' Ancestries (2001 (Corrigendum))</i> [online]. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian_Bureau_of_Statistics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Australian Bureau of Statistics (stránka neexistuje)">Australian Bureau of Statistics</a>, 2001 [cit. 2011-09-17]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/ausstats/free.nsf/Lookup/C41A78D7568811B9CA256E9D0077CA12/$File/20540_2001%20(corrigendum).pdf">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelmonografie&rft.btitle=2054.0+Australian+Census+Analytic+Program%3A+Australians%27+Ancestries+%282001+%28Corrigendum%29%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ausstats.abs.gov.au%2Fausstats%2Ffree.nsf%2FLookup%2FC41A78D7568811B9CA256E9D0077CA12%2F%24File%2F20540_2001%2520%28corrigendum%29.pdf&rft.pub=%5B%5BAustralian+Bureau+of+Statistics%5D%5D&rft.date=2001"><span style="display:none"> </span></span><span title="Chyba v použití šablony!" class="error" style="font-weight:bold;display:none;">Je zde použita šablona <code>{{<a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ablona:Cite_web" title="Šablona:Cite web">Cite web</a>}}</code> označená jako k „pouze dočasnému použití“.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;"> <i>The distribution of the population by nationality and mother tongue</i> [online]. State Statistics Committee of Ukraine, 2001 [cit. 2015-03-23]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081205195839/http://www.ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/nationality_population/nationality_1/s5/?botton=cens_db&box=5.1W&k_t=00&p=20&rz=1_1&rz_b=2_1%20%20%20%20&n_page=2">Dostupné v archivu</a> pořízeném dne 05-12-2008.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelmonografie&rft.btitle=The+distribution+of+the+population+by+nationality+and+mother+tongue&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ukrcensus.gov.ua%2Feng%2Fresults%2Fnationality_population%2Fnationality_1%2Fs5%2F%3Fbotton%3Dcens_db%26box%3D5.1W%26k_t%3D00%26p%3D20%26rz%3D1_1%26rz_b%3D2_1%2520%2520%2520%2520%26n_page%3D2&rft.pub=State+Statistics+Committee+of+Ukraine&rft.date=2001"><span style="display:none"> </span></span><span title="Chyba v použití šablony!" class="error" style="font-weight:bold;display:none;">Je zde použita šablona <code>{{<a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ablona:Cite_web" title="Šablona:Cite web">Cite web</a>}}</code> označená jako k „pouze dočasnému použití“.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;"> <i>United Kingdom</i> [online]. [cit. 2015-03-17]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=GB">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelmonografie&rft.btitle=United+Kingdom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ethnologue.com%2Fshow_country.asp%3Fname%3DGB"><span style="display:none"> </span></span><span title="Chyba v použití šablony!" class="error" style="font-weight:bold;display:none;">Je zde použita šablona <code>{{<a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ablona:Cite_web" title="Šablona:Cite web">Cite web</a>}}</code> označená jako k „pouze dočasnému použití“.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;"> <i>Facts and statistics on residents</i> [online]. Latvian Board for Citizenship and Migration Affairs [cit. 2009-03-09]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041228043628/http://www.np.gov.lv/index.php?en=fakti_en">Dostupné v archivu</a> pořízeném dne 28-12-2004.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelmonografie&rft.btitle=Facts+and+statistics+on+residents&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.np.gov.lv%2Findex.php%3Fen%3Dfakti_en%26saite%3Dresidents.htm&rft.pub=Latvian+Board+for+Citizenship+and+Migration+Affairs"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cso.ie/statistics/placebirthagegroup.htm">CSO - Statistics: Persons usually resident or present in the State on Census Night, classified by place of birth and age group</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Virpi Laitinena et al (2002), <i>Y-Chromosomal Diversity Suggests that Baltic Males Share Common Finno-Ugric-Speaking Forefathers</i>, Human Heredity, pages 68-78, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://content.karger.com/ProdukteDB/produkte.asp?Aktion=ShowPDF&ArtikelNr=57985&Ausgabe=228324&ProduktNr=224250&filename=57985.pdf">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=rWB3Bv3vuyMC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_summary_r&cad=0#PPA141,M1">Unrepresented Nations and peoples organization By Mary Kate Simmons; p141</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Zdroje_knih/978-90-411-0223-2" title="Speciální:Zdroje knih/978-90-411-0223-2"><span class="ISBN">978-90-411-0223-2</span></a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Gellner, Ernest (1996). Do nations have navels? <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nations_and_Nationalism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nations and Nationalism (stránka neexistuje)">Nations and Nationalism</a></i> 2.2, 365–70.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-raun2003-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-raun2003_14-0"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-raun2003_14-1"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">b</sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Raun, Toivo U. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111/1469-8219.00078">Nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Estonian nationalism revisited</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nations_and_Nationalism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nations and Nationalism (stránka neexistuje)">Nations and Nationalism</a></i> 9.1, 129-147.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ariste, Paul (1956). Maakeel ja eesti keel. <i>Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised</i> 5: 117–24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Piirimäe, Helmut. Historical heritage: the relations between Estonia and her Nordic neighbors. In M. Lauristin et al. (eds.), <i>Return to the Western world: Cultural and political perspectives on the Estonian post-communist transition</i>. Tartu: Tartu University Press, 1997.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web-static.vm.ee/static/failid/220/eesti_elu.pdf">Estonian foreign ministry report</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090325013626/http://web-static.vm.ee/static/failid/220/eesti_elu.pdf">Archivováno</a> 25. 3. 2009 na <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Wayback Machine</a>., 2004</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web-static.vm.ee/static/failid/273/Eesti%20elu.pdf">Estonian foreign ministry report</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080307050758/http://web-static.vm.ee/static/failid/273/Eesti%20elu.pdf">Archivováno</a> 7. 3. 2008 na <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Wayback Machine</a>., 2002</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Související_články"><span id="Souvisej.C3.ADc.C3.AD_.C4.8Dl.C3.A1nky"></span>Související články</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonci&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editace sekce: Související články" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonci&action=edit&section=6" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Související články"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jestonci" title="Jestonci">Jestonci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonsko" title="Estonsko">Estonsko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C4%9Bjiny_Estonska" title="Dějiny Estonska">Dějiny Estonska</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Externí_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.AD_odkazy"></span>Externí odkazy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonci&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editace sekce: Externí odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonci&action=edit&section=7" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externí odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="wd"><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-commons"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Logo Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text">Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu <span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:People_of_Estonia" class="extiw" title="c:Category:People of Estonia">Estonci</a></span> na <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></span></span><i> </i></li> <li><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-wiktionary"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="411" data-file-height="411" /></span></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text"><span class="sisterproject_text_prefix">Slovníkové heslo </span><span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://cs.wiktionary.org/wiki/Estonec" class="extiw" title="wikt:Estonec">Estonec</a></span><span class="sisterproject_text_suffix"> ve Wikislovníku</span></span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090603051543/http://www.eesti.ee/rahvuskaaslased/">Office of the Minister for Population and Ethnic Affairs: Estonians abroad</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.migrationheritage.nsw.gov.au/exhibitions/fromestonia/">From Estonia To Thirlmere </a> (online výstava)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.migrationheritage.nsw.gov.au/exhibitions/ournewhome/">Our New Home Meie Uus Kodu: Estonian-Australian Stories </a> (online výstava)</li></ul> <div class="navbox noprint" title="Uralské národy"><table title="" class="navbox-navbox mw-collapsible autocollapse nowraplinks noprint" cellspacing="0" data-collapsetext="skrýt" data-expandtext="zobrazit"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r17064757">.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal}</style><tbody><tr> <th class="navbox-title" colspan="2"> <span class="navbox-titletext"><a href="/wiki/Ugrofinsk%C3%A9_n%C3%A1rody" title="Ugrofinské národy">Uralské národy</a></span> </th> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Ugrofinsk%C3%A9_n%C3%A1rody" title="Ugrofinské národy">Ugrofinské</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> </div><table title="" class="navbox-subgroup nowraplinks noprint" cellspacing="0" data-collapsetext="skrýt" data-expandtext="zobrazit"><tbody><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Baltofinov%C3%A9" title="Baltofinové">Baltofinské</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> <i><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cudov%C3%A9" title="Čudové">Čudové</a></i> • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Estonci</a> (<a href="/wiki/V%C3%B5rov%C3%A9" title="Võrové">Võrové</a> • <a href="/wiki/Setukov%C3%A9" title="Setukové">Setukové</a>) • <a href="/wiki/Finov%C3%A9" title="Finové">Finové</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ingrij%C5%A1t%C3%AD_Finov%C3%A9" title="Ingrijští Finové">Ingrijští Finové</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kvenov%C3%A9" title="Kvenové">Kvenové</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tornedalov%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tornedalové (stránka neexistuje)">Tornedalové</a>) • <a href="/wiki/I%C5%BEorov%C3%A9" title="Ižorové">Ižorové</a> • <a href="/wiki/Karelov%C3%A9" title="Karelové">Karelové</a> • <a href="/wiki/Livonci" title="Livonci">Livonci</a> • <a href="/wiki/Vepsov%C3%A9" title="Vepsové">Vepsové</a> • <a href="/wiki/Votov%C3%A9" title="Votové">Votové</a> († <a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%A9vinci" title="Krévinci">Krévinci</a>)</div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1mov%C3%A9" title="Sámové">Sámové</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div>  </div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vol%C5%BEsk%C3%A9_n%C3%A1rody&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volžské národy (stránka neexistuje)">Volžské</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> <a href="/wiki/Marijci" title="Marijci">Marijci</a> • † <a 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