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timpurie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biografie_timpurie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Carieră_politică_și_publică" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Carieră_politică_și_publică"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Carieră politică și publică</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Carieră_politică_și_publică-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Carieră politică și publică subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Carieră_politică_și_publică-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Carieră_publică_timpurie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Carieră_publică_timpurie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Carieră publică timpurie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Carieră_publică_timpurie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Carieră_politică_timpurie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Carieră_politică_timpurie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Carieră politică timpurie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Carieră_politică_timpurie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ascensiunea_la_putere" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ascensiunea_la_putere"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Ascensiunea la putere</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ascensiunea_la_putere-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Serviciul_diplomatic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Serviciul_diplomatic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Serviciul diplomatic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Serviciul_diplomatic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Primul_vice-președinte" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primul_vice-președinte"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Primul vice-președinte</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primul_vice-președinte-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Președinția" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Președinția"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Președinția</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Președinția-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ultimii_ani" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ultimii_ani"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ultimii ani</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ultimii_ani-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vezi_și" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vezi_și"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Vezi și</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vezi_și-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legături_externe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legături_externe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Legături externe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legături_externe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">John Adams</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 147 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-147" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">147 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%86%E1%8A%95_%E1%8A%A0%E1%8B%B3%E1%88%9D%E1%88%B5" title="ጆን አዳምስ – amharică" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ጆን አዳምስ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – aragoneză" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iohannes_Adams" title="Iohannes Adams – engleză veche" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Iohannes Adams" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="engleză veche" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A2%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B2" title="جون آدامز – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جون آدامز" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A3%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B2" title="دجون أدامز – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="دجون أدامز" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B2" title="جون ادامز – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جون ادامز" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%8D" title="জন আডামছ্ – asameză" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="জন আডামছ্" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="asameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%90%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="जॉन ऐडम्स – awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="जॉन ऐडम्स" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Con_Adams" title="Con Adams – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Con Adams" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A2%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B2" title="جان آدامز – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جان آدامز" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – balineză" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81" title="Джон Адамс – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Джон Адамс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B7" title="Джон Адамз – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Джон Адамз" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81" title="Джон Адамс – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Джон Адамс" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B8" title="জন অ্যাডামস – bengaleză" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জন অ্যাডামস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams_(prezidant)" title="John Adams (prezidant) – bretonă" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="John Adams (prezidant)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – cebuană" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%A3%E1%8F%82_%E1%8E%A0%E1%8F%93%E1%8E%BB%E1%8F%8F" title="ᏣᏂ ᎠᏓᎻᏏ – cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏣᏂ ᎠᏓᎻᏏ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%86%D9%86_%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%95%D9%85%D8%B2" title="جۆن ئادەمز – kurdă centrală" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="جۆن ئادەمز" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdă centrală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – corsicană" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="corsicană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Con_Adams" title="Con Adams – turcă crimeeană" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Con Adams" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="turcă crimeeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81" title="Джон Адамс – ciuvașă" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Джон Адамс" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – galeză" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="articol recomandat"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="जोन एडम्स – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="जोन एडम्स" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%96%DE%AF%DE%82%DE%B0_%DE%87%DE%AC%DE%91%DE%A6%DE%89%DE%B0%DE%90%DE%B0" title="ޖޯން އެޑަމްސް – divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ޖޯން އެޑަމްސް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B6%CE%BF%CE%BD_%CE%86%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BC%CF%82" title="Τζον Άνταμς – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τζον Άνταμς" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A2%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B2" title="جان آدامز – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جان آدامز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="articol recomandat"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams_(homme_d%27%C3%89tat)" title="John Adams (homme d'État) – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="John Adams (homme d'État)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – frizonă nordică" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frizonă nordică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – frizonă occidentală" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frizonă occidentală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – irlandeză" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – gaelică scoțiană" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaelică scoțiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – chineză hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="chineză hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%90%D7%93%D7%9E%D7%A1" title="ג'ון אדמס – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג'ון אדמס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%90%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="जॉन ऐडम्स – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जॉन ऐडम्स" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – sorabă de sus" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="sorabă de sus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – haitiană" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams_(amerikai_eln%C3%B6k)" title="John Adams (amerikai elnök) – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="John Adams (amerikai elnök)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8B%D5%B8%D5%B6_%D4%B1%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%BD" title="Ջոն Ադամս – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ջոն Ադամս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – islandeză" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%80%E3%83%A0%E3%82%BA" title="ジョン・アダムズ – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジョン・アダムズ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – javaneză" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ჯონ ადამსი – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჯონ ადამსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – karakalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81" title="Джон Адамс – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Джон Адамс" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಜಾನ್ ಆಡಮ್ಸ್ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜಾನ್ ಆಡಮ್ಸ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%EC%95%A0%EB%8D%A4%EC%8A%A4" title="존 애덤스 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="존 애덤스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – kölsch" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="kölsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – kurdă" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – cornică" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioannes_Adams" title="Ioannes Adams – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ioannes Adams" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – luxemburgheză" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams_(prizzedent)" title="John Adams (prizzedent) – limburgheză" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="John Adams (prizzedent)" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – liguriană" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="liguriană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – lombardă" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEons_Adamss_(prezidents)" title="Džons Adamss (prezidents) – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Džons Adamss (prezidents)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="जोन एडम्स – maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="जोन एडम्स" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – malgașă" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81" title="Џон Адамс – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Џон Адамс" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BA_%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ജോൺ ആഡംസ് – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജോൺ ആഡംസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81" title="Жон Адамс – mongolă" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Жон Адамс" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%85%E2%80%8D%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="जॉन अ‍ॅडम्स – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="जॉन अ‍ॅडम्स" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%92%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%87%E1%80%BA" title="ဂျွန် အာဒမ်းဇ် – birmană" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂျွန် အာဒမ်းဇ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A2%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B2" title="جان آدامز – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="جان آدامز" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – germana de jos" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="germana de jos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="जोन एडम्स – nepaleză" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="जोन एडम्स" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams_(politicus)" title="John Adams (politicus) – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="John Adams (politicus)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – occitană" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%90%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC" title="ਜਾਨ ਐਡਮਜ਼ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜਾਨ ਐਡਮਜ਼" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%88%D9%85%D8%B2" title="جان ایڈمز – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جان ایڈمز" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%DA%89%D9%85%D8%B2" title="جان اډمز – paștună" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="جان اډمز" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paștună" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Адамс, Джон – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Адамс, Джон" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – siciliană" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%87%E0%B6%A9%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A" title="ජෝන් ඇඩම්ස් – singhaleză" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ජෝන් ඇඩම්ස්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singhaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams_(prezident_USA)" title="John Adams (prezident USA) – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="John Adams (prezident USA)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – albaneză" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81" title="Џон Адамс – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Џон Адамс" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9C%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D" title="ஜான் ஆடம்ஸ் – tamilă" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஜான் ஆடம்ஸ்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D_(%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%A7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B7%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81)" title="జాన్ ఆడమ్స్ (అమెరికా అధ్యక్షుడు) – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="జాన్ ఆడమ్స్ (అమెరికా అధ్యక్షుడు)" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" title="Ҷон Адамс (президент) – tadjică" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҷон Адамс (президент)" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%99_%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C" title="จอห์น แอดัมส์ – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จอห์น แอดัมส์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jon_Adams" title="Jon Adams – turkmenă" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Jon Adams" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%96%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D3%98%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81" title="Җон Әдамс – tătară" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Җон Әдамс" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tătară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81" title="Джон Адамс – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джон Адамс" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%88%D9%85%D8%B2" title="جان ایڈمز – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جان ایڈمز" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – volapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%BD%93%E5%A3%AB" title="约翰·阿当士 – chineză wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="约翰·阿当士" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chineză wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ჯონ ადამსი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჯონ ადამსი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%9F_%D7%A2%D7%93%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%A1" title="זשאן עדעמס – idiș" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="זשאן עדעמס" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="idiș" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="articol bun"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E4%BA%9A%E5%BD%93%E6%96%AF" title="约翰·亚当斯 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="约翰·亚当斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%80%81%E4%BA%9E%E7%95%B6%E6%96%AF" title="老亞當斯 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="老亞當斯" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams – chineză min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="John Adams" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="chineză min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%BF%B0%E4%BA%9E%E7%95%B6%E6%96%AF" title="約翰亞當斯 – cantoneză" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="約翰亞當斯" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11806#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifică legăturile interlinguale" class="wbc-editpage">Modifică legăturile</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spații de nume"> <div 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href="/wiki/Special:Ce_se_leag%C4%83_aici/John_Adams" title="Lista tuturor paginilor wiki care conduc spre această pagină [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Ce trimite aici</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Modific%C4%83ri_corelate/John_Adams" rel="nofollow" title="Schimbări recente în legătură cu această pagină [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Schimbări corelate</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Trimite_fișier" title="Încărcare fișiere [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Trimite fișier</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&oldid=16816359" title="Legătură permanentă către această versiune a acestei pagini"><span>Legătură permanentă</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&action=info" title="Mai multe informații despre această pagină"><span>Informații despre pagină</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Citeaz%C4%83&page=John_Adams&id=16816359&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informații cu privire la modul de citare a acestei pagini"><span>Citează acest articol</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fro.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJohn_Adams"><span>Obține URL scurtat</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fro.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJohn_Adams"><span>Descărcați codul QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tipărire/exportare </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Carte&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=John+Adams"><span>Creare carte</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=John_Adams&action=show-download-screen"><span>Descărcare ca PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&printable=yes" title="Versiunea de tipărit a acestei pagini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versiune de tipărit</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> În alte proiecte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/John_Adams" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11806" title="Legătură către elementul asociat din depozitul de date [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspect"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" 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dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16501920">.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0px 10%;border:1px solid #aaa;border-left:10px solid #1e90ff;background:#fbfbfb}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #1e90ff}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b22222;background:#fee}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b22222}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #f4c430}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #000f1e!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#310402!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #070101!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #261500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #544004!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #1e0a28!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{background-color:#202122!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #000f1e!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#310402!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #070101!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #261500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #544004!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #1e0a28!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{background-color:#202122!important}}</style><table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox ambox-content ambox-content" style=""> <tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width: 52px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Question_book-4.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/45px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/68px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/90px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text" style=""><span class="mbox-text-span"><b>Acest articol sau această secțiune are <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citarea_surselor" title="Wikipedia:Citarea surselor">bibliografia</a> incompletă sau inexistentă.</b><br />Puteți contribui prin adăugarea de referințe în vederea <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verificabilitate" title="Wikipedia:Verificabilitate">susținerii bibliografice</a> a afirmațiilor pe care le conține.<span class="hide-when-compact"> </span><span class="hide-when-compact"> </span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <div role="note" class="dezambiguizare">Acest articol se referă la primul vicepreședinte american și al doilea președinte al Statelor Unite ale Americii.  Pentru alte persoane cu aceleași prenume și nume de familie, vedeți <a href="/wiki/John_Adams_(dezambiguizare)" class="mw-disambig" title="John Adams (dezambiguizare)">John Adams (dezambiguizare)</a>.  </div> <table class="infocaseta"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="antet biografii" style="background-color:#E6E6FA;color:#000;">John Adams</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:John_Adams_A18236.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/John_Adams_A18236.jpg/220px-John_Adams_A18236.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/John_Adams_A18236.jpg/330px-John_Adams_A18236.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/John_Adams_A18236.jpg/440px-John_Adams_A18236.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6811" data-file-height="8259" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E6E6FA;color:#000;border-top-style: solid; border-color:#aaa; border-top-width: 1px; padding-top: 3px; padding-bottom: 3px">Date personale</th></tr><tr><th style=";">Născut</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/30_octombrie" title="30 octombrie">30 octombrie</a> <a href="/wiki/1735" title="1735">1735</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braintree&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braintree — pagină inexistentă">Braintree</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16101" class="extiw" title="d:Q16101"><span title="Braintree la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Massachusetts"><img alt="Massachusetts" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg/18px-Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg/27px-Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg/36px-Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="900" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Statele_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Statele Unite ale Americii">Statele Unite ale Americii</a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Decedat</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><time datetime="1826-07-04">4 iulie 1826</time> (90 de ani)<br /><a href="/wiki/Quincy,_Massachusetts" title="Quincy, Massachusetts">Quincy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Statele_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Statele Unite ale Americii">Statele Unite ale Americii</a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Înmormântat</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7212319" class="extiw" title="d:Q7212319"><span lang="en">United First Parish Church</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">United First Parish Church</span> (church in Quincy, Massachusetts, United States)|]]</span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11806#P119" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Cauza decesului</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Moarte_din_cauze_naturale" title="Moarte din cauze naturale">cauze naturale</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11806#P1196" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Părinți</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6218165" class="extiw" title="d:Q6218165"><span lang="en">John Adams, Sr.</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">John Adams, Sr.</span> (British colonial farmer, minister, father of the U.S. President, John Adams (1690-1761))|]]</span><sup id="cite_ref-284649aeb1cfd23adb1ecee122d031d1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-284649aeb1cfd23adb1ecee122d031d1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7648645" class="extiw" title="d:Q7648645"><span lang="en">Susanna Boylston</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Susanna Boylston</span> (American socialite)|]]</span><sup id="cite_ref-284649aeb1cfd23adb1ecee122d031d1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-284649aeb1cfd23adb1ecee122d031d1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11806#P22" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Frați și surori</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5360840" class="extiw" title="d:Q5360840"><span lang="en">Elihu Adams</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Elihu Adams</span> (brother of United States President John Adams (1741-1776))|]]</span><sup id="cite_ref-284649aeb1cfd23adb1ecee122d031d1_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-284649aeb1cfd23adb1ecee122d031d1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75766868" class="extiw" title="d:Q75766868"><span lang="en">Peter Boylston Adams</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Peter Boylston Adams</span> ((1738-1823))|]]</span><sup id="cite_ref-284649aeb1cfd23adb1ecee122d031d1_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-284649aeb1cfd23adb1ecee122d031d1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11806#P3373" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Căsătorit cu</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Abigail_Adams" title="Abigail Adams">Abigail Adams</a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Număr de copii</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";">6 <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11806#P1971" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Copii</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4667661" class="extiw" title="d:Q4667661">Abigail Adams Smith</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abigail_Adams_Smith_(daughter_of_John_Adams_(1765-1813))&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abigail Adams Smith (daughter of John Adams (1765-1813)) — pagină inexistentă"></a></span><sup id="cite_ref-93182849e1f52a0c3a2c846046c30a37_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93182849e1f52a0c3a2c846046c30a37-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537" /><br /><a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">John Quincy Adams</a><sup id="cite_ref-74a97b153b602fab27fd6a1455092c29_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74a97b153b602fab27fd6a1455092c29-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537" /><sup id="cite_ref-284649aeb1cfd23adb1ecee122d031d1_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-284649aeb1cfd23adb1ecee122d031d1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-93182849e1f52a0c3a2c846046c30a37_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93182849e1f52a0c3a2c846046c30a37-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7648638" class="extiw" title="d:Q7648638"><span lang="en">Susanna Adams</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Susanna Adams</span> (daughter of U.S. president John Adams)|]]</span><sup id="cite_ref-93182849e1f52a0c3a2c846046c30a37_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93182849e1f52a0c3a2c846046c30a37-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5074968" class="extiw" title="d:Q5074968"><span lang="en">Charles Adams</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Charles Adams</span> (son of John Adams (1770-1800))|]]</span><sup id="cite_ref-93182849e1f52a0c3a2c846046c30a37_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93182849e1f52a0c3a2c846046c30a37-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7787805" class="extiw" title="d:Q7787805"><span lang="en">Thomas Boylston Adams</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Thomas Boylston Adams</span> (son of John Adams (1772-1832))|]]</span><sup id="cite_ref-93182849e1f52a0c3a2c846046c30a37_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93182849e1f52a0c3a2c846046c30a37-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11806#P40" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Cetățenie</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Statele_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Statele Unite ale Americii">Statele Unite ale Americii</a><sup id="cite_ref-3d11643711e396c3dfe5cacd10527acd_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3d11643711e396c3dfe5cacd10527acd-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537" /><sup id="cite_ref-5c57cab3cb40748a4fe0726b8fbe3fbb_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5c57cab3cb40748a4fe0726b8fbe3fbb-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537" /><sup id="cite_ref-2eb1c6d700ae54bc627351117ffb3650_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2eb1c6d700ae54bc627351117ffb3650-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537" /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Red_Ensign_of_Great_Britain_(1707%E2%80%931800).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Red_Ensign_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/20px-Red_Ensign_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Red_Ensign_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/30px-Red_Ensign_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Red_Ensign_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/40px-Red_Ensign_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Cele_treisprezece_colonii" title="Cele treisprezece colonii">Cele treisprezece colonii</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11806#P27" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Religie</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Biserica_Unitarian%C4%83" title="Biserica Unitariană">Biserica Unitariană</a><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062789" class="extiw" title="d:Q1062789">biserică congregațională</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biseric%C4%83_congrega%C8%9Bional%C4%83_(Protestant_Reformed_churches_which_are_congregationally_governed)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biserică congregațională (Protestant Reformed churches which are congregationally governed) — pagină inexistentă"></a></span><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q960252" class="extiw" title="d:Q960252">congregaționalism</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Congrega%C8%9Bionalism_(Protestant_religious_practice_centered_on_local_governance_of_each_community)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Congregaționalism (Protestant religious practice centered on local governance of each community) — pagină inexistentă"></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Deism" title="Deism">deism</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11806#P140" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Ocupație</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Avocat" title="Avocat">avocat</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Politician" title="Politician">politician</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Diplomat" title="Diplomat">diplomat</a><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18930007" class="extiw" title="d:Q18930007">filosof politic</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosof_politic_(scholar_of_political_philosophy)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filosof politic (scholar of political philosophy) — pagină inexistentă"></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Om_de_stat" title="Om de stat">om de stat</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Scriitor" title="Scriitor">scriitor</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11806#P106" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Locul desfășurării activității</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11806#P937" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Limbi vorbite</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Limba_englez%C4%83" title="Limba engleză">limba engleză</a><sup id="cite_ref-3d11643711e396c3dfe5cacd10527acd_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3d11643711e396c3dfe5cacd10527acd-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bcb9ef716f90982d5b1db4578ddb4c5f_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bcb9ef716f90982d5b1db4578ddb4c5f-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537" /><sup id="cite_ref-7b57188bc0d7f319161273f241f2c260_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7b57188bc0d7f319161273f241f2c260-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537" /><br /><a href="/wiki/Limba_francez%C4%83" title="Limba franceză">limba franceză</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Limba_latin%C4%83" title="Limba latină">limba latină</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11806#P1412" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E6E6FA;color:#000;border-top-style: solid; border-color:#aaa; border-top-width: 1px; padding-top: 3px; padding-bottom: 3px">al 2-lea <a href="/wiki/Pre%C8%99edinte_al_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Președinte al Statelor Unite ale Americii">Președinte al Statelor Unite</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;"><b>În funcție</b><br /><a href="/wiki/4_martie" title="4 martie">4 martie</a> <a href="/wiki/1797" title="1797">1797</a> – <a href="/wiki/3_martie" title="3 martie">3 martie</a> <a href="/wiki/1801" title="1801">1801</a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Vicepreședinte</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Precedat de</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Succedat de</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;"><hr /></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Premii</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52382875" class="extiw" title="d:Q52382875">Membru al Academiei Americane de Arte și Științe</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Membru_al_Academiei_Americane_de_Arte_%C8%99i_%C8%98tiin%C8%9Be_(honorary_fellowship_from_the_American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Membru al Academiei Americane de Arte și Științe (honorary fellowship from the American Academy of Arts and Sciences) — pagină inexistentă"></a></span> <small>(<time datetime="1780">1780</time>–<i>prezent</i>)</small></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Partid politic</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Partidul_Federalist" title="Partidul Federalist">Federalist</a></td></tr><tr><th style=";"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Universitatea_Harvard" title="Universitatea Harvard">Universitatea Harvard</a><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49123" class="extiw" title="d:Q49123"><span lang="en">Harvard College</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Harvard College</span> (undergraduate college of Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts)|]]</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E6E6FA;color:#000;border-top-style: solid; border-color:#aaa; border-top-width: 1px; padding-top: 3px; padding-bottom: 3px">Semnătură</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a 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.infobox-below{text-align:center}</style> <p><b>John Adams</b> (n. <time datetime="1735-10-30"><a href="/wiki/19_octombrie" title="19 octombrie">19</a>/<a href="/wiki/30_octombrie" title="30 octombrie">30 octombrie</a> <a href="/wiki/1735" title="1735">1735</a></time>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Braintree&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braintree — pagină inexistentă">Braintree</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16101" class="extiw" title="d:Q16101"><span title="Braintree la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Cele_treisprezece_colonii" title="Cele treisprezece colonii">Cele treisprezece colonii</a>, <a href="/wiki/Regatul_Marii_Britanii" title="Regatul Marii Britanii">Regatul Marii Britanii</a> – d. <time datetime="1826-07-04"><a href="/wiki/4_iulie" title="4 iulie">4 iulie</a> <a href="/wiki/1826" title="1826">1826</a></time>, <a href="/wiki/Quincy,_Massachusetts" title="Quincy, Massachusetts">Quincy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Statele_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Statele Unite ale Americii">SUA</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a fost <a href="/wiki/Lista_vicepre%C8%99edin%C8%9Bilor_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Lista vicepreședinților Statelor Unite ale Americii">primul</a> <a href="/wiki/Vicepre%C8%99edinte_al_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Vicepreședinte al Statelor Unite ale Americii">vicepreședinte</a> (<a href="/wiki/1789" title="1789">1789</a> - <a href="/wiki/1797" title="1797">1797</a>) și al <a href="/wiki/Lista_pre%C8%99edin%C8%9Bilor_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Lista președinților Statelor Unite ale Americii">doilea</a> <a href="/wiki/Pre%C8%99edinte_al_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Președinte al Statelor Unite ale Americii">președinte</a> al <a href="/wiki/SUA" class="mw-redirect" title="SUA">Statelor Unite ale Americii</a> (<a href="/wiki/1797" title="1797">1797</a> - <a href="/wiki/1801" title="1801">1801</a>), avocat, diplomat, politician și unul din <a href="/wiki/Fondatorii_SUA" class="mw-redirect" title="Fondatorii SUA">fondatorii importanți</a> ai țării sale. </p><p>John Adams a fost unul dintre cei mai importanți susținători ai <a href="/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_de_Independen%C8%9B%C4%83_al_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Războiul de Independență al Statelor Unite ale Americii">Războiului de Independență al Statelor Unite</a> din <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> și unul din diplomații americani majori ai <a href="/wiki/Anii_1770" title="Anii 1770">anilor 1770</a>. Considerat pe bună dreptate ca unul dintre <a href="/wiki/P%C4%83rin%C8%9Bii_fondatori_ai_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Părinții fondatori ai Statelor Unite ale Americii">Părinții Fondatori ai Statelor Unite ale Americii</a>, John Adams a devenit fondatorul unei importante familii de <a href="/wiki/Politician" title="Politician">politicieni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diplomat" title="Diplomat">diplomați</a> și istorici. </p><p>Reputația sa ca unul dintre cele mai importante personalități din <a href="/wiki/Istoria_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Istoria Statelor Unite ale Americii">istoria Statelor Unite</a> a crescut constant în ultimii ani. Astfel, istoricul Robert Rutland conclude despre <i>Părinții Fondatori</i>: <i>„<a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">Madison</a> a fost un mare intelectual ... <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Jefferson</a> irevocabilul idealist and <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Franklin</a> cel mai încântător și versatil geniu ... dar Adams a fost cel mai captivant părinte fondator din majoritatea punctelor de vedere.”</i> [Ellis, pagina 230]. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografie_timpurie">Biografie timpurie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Biografie timpurie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Biografie timpurie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>John Adams</b> s-a născut în satul <a href="/w/index.php?title=Braintree&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braintree — pagină inexistentă">Braintree</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16101" class="extiw" title="d:Q16101"><span title="Braintree la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Quincy" class="mw-disambig" title="Quincy">Quincy</a>), statul <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Statele_Unite" class="mw-redirect" title="Statele Unite">Statele Unite</a>, la <a href="/wiki/30_octombrie" title="30 octombrie">30 octombrie</a> 1735 (<a href="/wiki/19_octombrie" title="19 octombrie">19 octombrie</a>, conform <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stilului_vechi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stilului vechi — pagină inexistentă">stilului vechi</a>). Părinții și strămoșii săi au fost cetățeni onorabili ai comunității încă de la întemeierea ei. Tatăl său, <i>John Adams</i>, era o persoană influentă în lumea afacerilor, fiind și ofițer în miliția locală; mama sa, <i>Suzanna Boylston Adams</i>, era cunoscută pentru devotamentul său pentru familie și biserică. Familia Adams venise din <a href="/wiki/Anglia" title="Anglia">Anglia</a> pe la <a href="/wiki/Anii_1640" title="Anii 1640">1640</a> și apoi se stabilise pe pământul pe care urmașii lor încă îl mai cultivau în vremea copilăriei lui John Adams. </p><p>Pe lângă instruirea informală căpătată în satul său natal, Adams a frecventat și școala <a href="/wiki/Limba_latin%C4%83" title="Limba latină">latină</a>. În ciuda dorinței sale inițiale de a deveni fermier, anii de școală l-au pregătit pentru <a href="/wiki/Universitate" title="Universitate">universitate</a> și pentru o carieră de <a href="/wiki/Profesor" title="Profesor">profesor</a> de <a href="/wiki/Religie" title="Religie">religie</a>. Cu puțina pregătire în <a href="/wiki/Limba_latin%C4%83" title="Limba latină">latină</a> deprinsă de la Joseph Marsh, un om de știință local, John a luat examenul de admitere la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harvard_College&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harvard College — pagină inexistentă">Harvard College</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49123" class="extiw" title="d:Q49123"><span title="Harvard College la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> în <a href="/wiki/1751" title="1751">1751</a> și și-a început cei patru ani de studii universitare care îi incitau imaginația. La absolvire, în <a href="/wiki/1755" title="1755">1755</a>, a acceptat postul de profesor la <a href="/wiki/Worcester,_Massachusetts" title="Worcester, Massachusetts">Worcester</a>, în statul natal <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Carieră_politică_și_publică"><span id="Carier.C4.83_politic.C4.83_.C8.99i_public.C4.83"></span>Carieră politică și publică</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Carieră politică și publică" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Carieră politică și publică"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Carieră_publică_timpurie"><span id="Carier.C4.83_public.C4.83_timpurie"></span>Carieră publică timpurie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Carieră publică timpurie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Carieră publică timpurie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cariera de profesor nu era exact ceea l-ar fi făcut pe Adams satisfăcut din punct de vedere intelectual; elevii de abia știau ABC-ul și observaseră că profesorul lor era preocupat de alte probleme. Poziția lui, totuși, i-a dat posibilitatea să-i cunoască pe intelectualii din Worcester, inclusiv pe <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Putnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Putnam — pagină inexistentă">James Putnam</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6141505" class="extiw" title="d:Q6141505"><span title="James Putnam la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, un distins jurist. În final, Adams decide să facă o <a href="/wiki/Carier%C4%83" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Carieră">carieră</a> în drept, făcându-și ucenicia cu Putnam. </p><p>Juristul Adams și-a început cariera în <a href="/w/index.php?title=Braintree,_Massachusetts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braintree, Massachusetts — pagină inexistentă">Braintree</a>, statul <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Massachusetts"><img alt="Massachusetts" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg/18px-Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg/27px-Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg/36px-Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="900" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, scriind testamente și diverse acte de interes local. Pe <a href="/wiki/25_octombrie" title="25 octombrie">25 octombrie</a> <a href="/wiki/1764" title="1764">1764</a> se căsătorește cu <a href="/wiki/Abigail_Adams" title="Abigail Adams">Abigail Adams</a>, fiica reverendului William Smith, cu care a avut o lungă conviețuire și șase copii. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Carieră_politică_timpurie"><span id="Carier.C4.83_politic.C4.83_timpurie"></span>Carieră politică timpurie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Carieră politică timpurie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Carieră politică timpurie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Adams și-a exprimat concepțiile politice când a formulat protestul locuitorilor din <i>Braintree</i> împotriva <i>Legii Timbrului din 1765</i> (<span style="border:solid 1px #44A; background-color:#EEF; font-family:monospace; color:#008; font-size:0.9em; padding:0px 4px 2px 4px; position:relative; bottom:0.2em; cursor:help;" title="Limba engleză">en</span> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamp_Act_1765" class="extiw" title="en:Stamp Act 1765">Stamp Act (1765)</a>), promulgată de <a href="/wiki/Parlamentul_Marii_Britanii" title="Parlamentul Marii Britanii">Parlamentul Marii Britanii</a>, care stipula că multe din materialele scrise din <i>Coloniile britanice din America de Nord</i> (devenite ulterior, după <a href="/wiki/4_iulie" title="4 iulie">4 iulie</a> <a href="/wiki/1776" title="1776">1776</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cele_treisprezece_colonii" title="Cele treisprezece colonii"><i>Cele 13/14</i></a>) urmau a fi tipărite doar pe <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A2rtie" title="Hârtie">hârtie</a> produsă în <a href="/wiki/Marea_Britanie" title="Marea Britanie">Marea Britanie</a>, care urma a fi supusă unei taxări separate, evident inutil de împovorătoare. </p><p>Acel protest a devenit un model pentru demonstrații similare în toată <a href="/wiki/Noua_Anglie" title="Noua Anglie">Noua Anglie</a>. Adams considera taxa de timbru ca o povară inutilă pe spinarea poporului din <a href="/wiki/America_de_Nord" title="America de Nord">America de Nord</a>, care mărea „punga regelui”, fiind strict nefolositoare locuitorilor coloniilor americane și, mai ales, un act neconstituțional. Prin aceste idei a devenit bine cunoscut în statul <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>. Localitatea <a href="/w/index.php?title=Braintree&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braintree — pagină inexistentă">Braintree</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16101" class="extiw" title="d:Q16101"><span title="Braintree la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> l-a recunoscut ca pe un fruntaș al comunității și l-a ales în comitetul director al acesteia, dar activitatea sa de jurist îl obliga să stea mai mult la <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, drept care a renunțat la această funcție și s-a mutat în capitala <a href="/wiki/Provincia_Massachusetts_Bay" title="Provincia Massachusetts Bay">Provinciei Massachusetts</a> în <a href="/wiki/1768" title="1768">1768</a>. </p><p>Fiind întotdeauna pregătit pentru a afirma aspirația sa la libertate, Adams și-a menținut independența politică și și-a oferit serviciile oricui avea probleme. Cazul cel mai dramatic a apărut în <a href="/wiki/1770" title="1770">1770</a> când John Adams și <a href="/w/index.php?title=Josiah_Quincy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Josiah Quincy — pagină inexistentă">Josiah Quincy</a> i-au apărat pe soldații britanici acuzați de crimă în <a href="/w/index.php?title=Masacrul_de_la_Boston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Masacrul de la Boston — pagină inexistentă">masacrul de la Boston</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215687" class="extiw" title="d:Q215687"><span title="masacrul de la Boston la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>. Deoarece a preluat acest caz, Adams a fost atacat de ziarele patriotice, dar în particular a fost felicitat pentru că a câștigat acest caz în favoarea libertății. </p><p>Din <a href="/wiki/Mai" title="Mai">mai</a> <a href="/wiki/1770" title="1770">1770</a>, Adams a devenit reprezentantul orașului Boston în adunarea legislativă (General Court). În <a href="/wiki/1771" title="1771">1771</a>, se decide însă să părăsească viața politică, dar numai după 16 luni de semi-retragere revine la <a href="/wiki/Boston,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston, Massachusetts">Boston</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ascensiunea_la_putere">Ascensiunea la putere</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Ascensiunea la putere" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Ascensiunea la putere"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>În mai 1773, radicalii l-au ales în Consiliul Guvernatorului (Governor’s Council) fiind implicat în unele manevre patriotice. John Adams s-a bucurat când bostonienii au aruncat ceaiul în mare în celebra “Partidă de ceai de la <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>” din 1773. În acest fel a revenit la parteneriatul cu radicalii și a devenit delegat al primului Congres Continental în 1774. În următorii trei ani la <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>, Adams a forțat congresul să ia măsuri concrete care urmau să ducă la separarea coloniilor de <a href="/wiki/Anglia" title="Anglia">Anglia</a>. El a impus cu succes numirea lui <a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a> în calitate de comandant al forțelor Coloniale și crearea unei forțe navale care să concureze supremația Angliei pe mare. În comitet și Congres el a pus bazele principiilor de politică externă și a ajutat la scrierea rezoluțiilor din 10 mai 1776 care declarau America independentă; de asemenea, a apărat Declarația de Independență în timpul dezbaterilor din Congres. În calitate de președinte al Comitetului pentru Război și Armament timp de un an (1776-1777), Adams a încercat să echipeze armata. Important pentru cauza revoluționară a fost și corespondența extinsă precum și scrierile publicate. Lucrările sale <i>Novanglus</i> (1774-1775) și <i>Gândul despre Guvern</i> (1776) subliniau principiile libertății și ordinii pentru Americani. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Serviciul_diplomatic">Serviciul diplomatic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifică secțiunea: Serviciul diplomatic" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Serviciul diplomatic"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>În 1778, Adams a fost trimis să-l înlocuiască pe <a href="/w/index.php?title=Silas_Deane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silas Deane — pagină inexistentă">Silas Deane</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q947190" class="extiw" title="d:Q947190"><span title="Silas Deane la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, unul din agenții diplomatici la <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, pentru negocieri în vederea unei alianțe comerciale și militare cu <a href="/wiki/Fran%C8%9Ba" title="Franța">Franța</a>. Înainte ca el să ajungă acolo, negociatorii americani terminaseră tratativele cu succes. Adams s-a întors la <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> unde a fost ales membru al convenției constituționale din <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>; a formulat cele mai multe articole ale Constituției acceptată de Convenția din 1780. Activitatea lui Adams de reprezentant al statului a fost completă când a fost numit ministru plenipotențial în vederea negocierilor de pace cu <a href="/wiki/Marea_Britanie" title="Marea Britanie">Marea Britanie</a>. La <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> în timp ce aștepta începerea negocierilor era de așteptat să fie calm și insipid, rol nepotrivit cu temperamentul lui nervos și pasional. Deși sfătuit fără ocolișuri de toată lumea, Adams i-a enervat pe oficialii francezi amestecându-se în probleme de politică și l-a mâniat și pe <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Benjamin Franklin</a> prin comentarii la adresa comportamentului sau. În final, dând frâu liber ostilităților el s-a retras în Olanda unde s-a asigurat de recunoașterea independenței Americii și a negociat un împrumut și tratatul de amiciție și comerț. Întorcându-se la <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> în octombrie 1782, Adams s-a alăturat lui <a href="/wiki/John_Jay" title="John Jay">John Jay</a> și lui <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Benjamin Franklin</a> în discuțiile pentru pace. La aceste întruniri Adams a insistat pentru extinderea teritoriului american cât mai mult posibil. Tratatul de la <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> care a pus capăt Războiului de Independență s-a semnat pe 3 septembrie 1783. În vreme ce tratatul de pace era ratificat de Congres, Adams și fiul său, John Quincy Adams făceau turul <a href="/wiki/Anglia" title="Anglia">Angliei</a>. În 1784-1784 Adams a negociat împrumuturi pentru <a href="/wiki/SUA" class="mw-redirect" title="SUA">SUA</a> în <a href="/wiki/Olanda" class="mw-redirect" title="Olanda">Olanda</a> și tratatele comerciale în <a href="/wiki/Fran%C8%9Ba" title="Franța">Franța</a>. În 1785 a fost numit primul ambasador al <a href="/wiki/SUA" class="mw-redirect" title="SUA">Statelor Unite</a> în <a href="/wiki/Marea_Britanie" title="Marea Britanie">Marea Britanie</a>. Cei trei ani petrecuți la <a href="/wiki/Londra" title="Londra">Londra</a> n-au dat roade semnificative în ceea ce privește obținerea unor concesii comerciale sau în punerea relațiilor Anglo-americane pe o bază amicală. Adams a folosit timpul bine, totuși, cunoscându-l mai de aproape pe <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a> și scriind “Apărarea Constituției Guvernului <a href="/wiki/SUA" class="mw-redirect" title="SUA">Statelor Unite</a>” (3 vol., 1787). Ulterior a renunțat la postul neproductiv de la Londra și s-a întors la Braintree să studieze, să scrie și să grădinărească. În cursul anului, la primele alegeri ținute sub noua constituție, a fost ales vice-președinte al SUA, confirmându-i-se poziția națională de al doilea om după președintele Washington. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primul_vice-președinte"><span id="Primul_vice-pre.C8.99edinte"></span>Primul vice-președinte</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifică secțiunea: Primul vice-președinte" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Primul vice-președinte"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>În 1792 a fost reales și iar a acceptat responsabilitățile de vice-președinte cu energie și seriozitate. Adams a prezidat Senatul <a href="/wiki/SUA" class="mw-redirect" title="SUA">SUA</a> și adeseori a avut votul decisiv pentru măsuri care să sporească puterile guvernului național, în general, sau acelea ale președinției în particular. Adams a conferențiat în senat despre îndatoririle acestuia. A publicat o serie de eseuri <i>Discursuri despre Davila</i> (1791) care comentau în mare dezordinea civilă cu referință specială la revoluția franceză. Spre deosebire de <a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">Washington</a>, Adams avea rivali la președinție și ar fi trebuit să fie mai flexibil. În schimb, el i-a permis lui <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton" title="Alexander Hamilton">Alexander Hamilton</a> să-și asume conducerea partidului federalist în vreme ce încerca să se retragă din politica partizană asociindu-se chiar cu critici ai partidului. În timpul campaniei prezidențiale din 1796 <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton" title="Alexander Hamilton">Hamilton</a> a încercat în secret să-l substituie pe <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Pinckney&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Pinckney — pagină inexistentă">Thomas Pinckney</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q881165" class="extiw" title="d:Q881165"><span title="Thomas Pinckney la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> lui Adams și astfel a divizat partidul. Ca rezultat alegerea era extrem de aproape: Adams a câștigat președinția cu trei voturi electorale (71 la 68) asupra republicanului <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Jefferson</a> care în cadrul sistemului electoral pe atunci în uz, a devenit vice-președinte. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Președinția"><span id="Pre.C8.99edin.C8.9Bia"></span>Președinția</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifică secțiunea: Președinția" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Președinția"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Adams și-a început mandatul pe 4 martie 1797. Foarte conștient de victoria lui fragilă, el a căutat să instaureze armonia politică. În cuvântul inaugural, urmărind evoluția națiunii, a afirmat credința lui în republicanism și a chemat oamenii să pună capăt politicii partizane. El a încercat să ajungă la un acord cu <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Jefferson</a>, să-i concilieze pe adepții lui Hamilton și să dea un curs pașnic controverselor cu Franța asupra tratatului lui <a href="/wiki/John_Jay" title="John Jay">John Jay</a> . Dar a întâmpinat mari greutăți. În calitatea sa de prim președinte care a urmat unui altuia, Adams nu avea experiență în organizarea cabinetului așa că a decis să păstreze cabinetul mediocru al lui <a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a>, parțial pentru că dorea să-i reconcilieze pe federaliști și pentru că știa cât de greu este să găsești oameni buni care să facă servicii. Cabinetul era federalist și chiar mai mult Hamiltonian în ceea ce privește loialitatea. Adams nu și-a dat seama pe deplin de pericolele inerente ale acestei situații până în 1799 când cabinetul și-a violat încrederea lucrând împotriva politicilor lui Adams. Cum relațiile cu <a href="/wiki/Fran%C8%9Ba" title="Franța">Franța</a> se înrăutățeau a trebuit sa recomande pregătiri pentru apărare în timp ce negocierile pentru pace continuau. Deși i-a iritat pe republicani el și-a menținut politica de pace și de pregătire chiar după ce Directoratul Francez i-a insultat pe trimișii Americani și a început să rețină vasele americane. În ianuarie 1798 el a propus crearea unui departament naval și a cerut fonduri pentru a pune armata pe picior de război. Reprimarea de către Adams a capturării de către francezi a navelor Americane a fost populară o perioadă și federaliștii au câștigat alegerile pentru Congres în 1798. Deși Congresul nu a declarat război Adams și-a continuat pregătirile militare, alegându-i pe <a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Knox&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry Knox — pagină inexistentă">Henry Knox</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355680" class="extiw" title="d:Q355680"><span title="Henry Knox la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Cotesworth_Pinckney&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Cotesworth Pinckney — pagină inexistentă">Charles Cotesworth Pinckney</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q405463" class="extiw" title="d:Q405463"><span title="Charles Cotesworth Pinckney la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> și <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton" title="Alexander Hamilton">Alexander Hamilton</a> să fie generalii armatei. Dar în timp ce Adams vizita Quincy cabinetul a decis să-l facă pe <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton" title="Alexander Hamilton">Alexander Hamilton</a> al doilea la comandă după <a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a>. Adams și-a dat seama de semnificația acestei manevre, el a realizat că controlul armatei trecea în subordinea lui <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton" title="Alexander Hamilton">Alexander Hamilton</a> (mai ales pentru ca Washington nu era așteptat sa mai participe la vreo bătălie) și, mai mult decât acum, a văzut spectrul militarismului. În timp ce Adams și dădea seama complet de ceea ce se întâmpla, a primit vesti din <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a> că <a href="/wiki/Fran%C8%9Ba" title="Franța">Franța</a> intenționează să reia negocierile. În februarie 1799 la nominalizat brusc pe <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Vans_Maurray&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Vans Maurray — pagină inexistentă">William Vans Maurray</a> ca trimis special spre stupefacția adepților lui Hamilton. Dezbaterea asupra acestei acțiuni a fost dură și Adams a făcut un compromis acceptând să numească o comisie în loc de un singur delegat dar a rezistat presiunilor lui <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton" title="Alexander Hamilton">Alexander Hamilton</a>, ambasadorului britanic și ai unor membri din cabinet. În cele din urmă comisia a încheiat un tratat cu Franța pe 30 septembrie 1800. Adams reușise să preîntâmpine un război cu <a href="/wiki/Fran%C8%9Ba" title="Franța">Franța</a> și să păstreze neutralitate țării. Negocierile tratatului au divizat partidul și federaliștii au considerat efectul acestor divizări în alegerile din 1800. Când doi membri ai cabinetului și-au arătat neloialitatea față de Adams el le-a forțat demisia fără nici o delicatețe politică. Acțiunea sa dură i-a înfuriat pe Hamiltonieni care și-au clamat sentimentele în public alăturându-se comportamentului nediplomatic al președintelui. Republicanii conduși de Jefferson și <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Burr" title="Aaron Burr">Aaron Burr</a> s-au bucurat de acestă situație dificilă a federaliștilor. Adams a fost incapabil să-și asume responsabilitățile de șef de partid. Rezultatele alegerilor au reflectat această slăbiciune. Federaliștii au pierdut președinția în favoarea lui <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Jefferson</a> și a republicanilor cu opt voturi electorale (73 la 65) și de asemenea au pierdut Congresul. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ultimii_ani">Ultimii ani</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifică secțiunea: Ultimii ani" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Ultimii ani"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Adams a pierdut președinția în favoarea vieții private în <a href="/wiki/Quincy" class="mw-disambig" title="Quincy">Quincy</a>; și-a regăsit simțul umorului și și-a servit țara într-un alt mod. A devenit președinte al societății de arte și științe din <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, al societății pentru promovarea agriculturii. Corespondența sa cu <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Jefferson</a> și <a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Rush&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benjamin Rush — pagină inexistentă">Benjamin Rush</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q656478" class="extiw" title="d:Q656478"><span title="Benjamin Rush la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> sunt monumente de erudiție care relevă o personalitate încântătoare care putea să fie și militantă și drăgăstoasă în câteva zeci de rănduri vioaie. John Adams a murit la Quincy pe <a href="/wiki/4_iulie" title="4 iulie">4 iulie</a> <a href="/wiki/1826" title="1826">1826</a> la a 50-a aniversarea a <i>Declarației de Independență</i>. <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Jefferson</a> a murit în aceeași zi. John Adams a fost toată viața lui un tiran, cu un temperament exploziv, niciodată mulțumit, niciodată satisfăcut cu ce i se oferea deși nici el nu știa exact ce vrea. Scrierile lui (scrisori, cărți, jurnale) au oferit importante date despre viața politică din acea vreme, dar în special arată o minte bine organizată, logică , în același timp un visător, un dornic de joacă dar foarte inteligent om. Se spune de el că nu a rămas în istorie ca un mare președinte pentru că nici un eveniment important nu s-a petrecut în vremea sa, dar cariera lui de politician a fost strălucită, chiar dacă mai enerva uneori pe oficialii străini. De fapt ce putea să facă un al doilea președinte, abia pus la conducerea unei națiuni noi, fără să aibă pe mai mulți în față de unde să tragă învățăminte. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vezi_și"><span id="Vezi_.C8.99i"></span>Vezi și</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifică secțiunea: Vezi și" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Vezi și"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pre%C8%99edinte_al_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Președinte al Statelor Unite ale Americii">Președinte al Statelor Unite ale Americii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lista_pre%C8%99edin%C8%9Bilor_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Lista președinților Statelor Unite ale Americii">Lista președinților Statelor Unite ale Americii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lista_pre%C8%99edin%C8%9Bilor_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii_dup%C4%83_data_na%C8%99terii" title="Lista președinților Statelor Unite ale Americii după data nașterii">Lista președinților Statelor Unite ale Americii după data nașterii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lista_pre%C8%99edin%C8%9Bilor_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii_dup%C4%83_data_decesului" title="Lista președinților Statelor Unite ale Americii după data decesului">Lista președinților Statelor Unite ale Americii după data decesului</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-284649aeb1cfd23adb1ecee122d031d1-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-284649aeb1cfd23adb1ecee122d031d1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-284649aeb1cfd23adb1ecee122d031d1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-284649aeb1cfd23adb1ecee122d031d1_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-284649aeb1cfd23adb1ecee122d031d1_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-284649aeb1cfd23adb1ecee122d031d1_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kindred.stanford.edu"><i><span lang="en">Kindred Britain</span></i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22en%22%3EKindred+Britain%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkindred.stanford.edu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Adams" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93182849e1f52a0c3a2c846046c30a37-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-93182849e1f52a0c3a2c846046c30a37_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-93182849e1f52a0c3a2c846046c30a37_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-93182849e1f52a0c3a2c846046c30a37_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-93182849e1f52a0c3a2c846046c30a37_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-93182849e1f52a0c3a2c846046c30a37_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thepeerage.com/"><i>The Peerage</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Peerage&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthepeerage.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Adams" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74a97b153b602fab27fd6a1455092c29-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74a97b153b602fab27fd6a1455092c29_3-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26238000" class="extiw" title="d:Q26238000"><span lang="ru-Latn">IeL / Adams, Djon Kinsi</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="ru-Latn">IeL / Adams, Djon Kinsi</span> (articol enciclopedic)|]]</span></i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%26%238203%3B%5D%5D%3C%2Fspan%3E%5B%5BCategorie%3AArticole+cu+leg%C4%83turi+c%C4%83tre+elemente+f%C4%83r%C4%83+etichet%C4%83+%C3%AEn+limba+rom%C3%A2n%C4%83&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Adams" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Verificați valoarea <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|titlelink=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#bad_paramlink" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3d11643711e396c3dfe5cacd10527acd-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-3d11643711e396c3dfe5cacd10527acd_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-3d11643711e396c3dfe5cacd10527acd_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thesaurus.cerl.org"><i><span lang="en">CERL Thesaurus</span></i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2020-07-08">8 iulie 2020</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22en%22%3ECERL+Thesaurus%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthesaurus.cerl.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Adams" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5c57cab3cb40748a4fe0726b8fbe3fbb-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5c57cab3cb40748a4fe0726b8fbe3fbb_5-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/ulan/"><i>Union List of Artist Names</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2020-07-08">8 iulie 2020</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Union+List+of+Artist+Names&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.getty.edu%2Fresearch%2Ftools%2Fvocabularies%2Fulan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Adams" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2eb1c6d700ae54bc627351117ffb3650-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2eb1c6d700ae54bc627351117ffb3650_6-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118500597">„John Adams”</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">Gemeinsame Normdatei</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2020-07-08">8 iulie 2020</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=John+Adams&rft.btitle=Gemeinsame+Normdatei&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fd-nb.info%2Fgnd%2F118500597&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Adams" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bcb9ef716f90982d5b1db4578ddb4c5f-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bcb9ef716f90982d5b1db4578ddb4c5f_7-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/"><i>Autoritatea BnF</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2015-10-10">10 octombrie 2015</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Autoritatea+BnF&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.bnf.fr%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Adams" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7b57188bc0d7f319161273f241f2c260-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7b57188bc0d7f319161273f241f2c260_8-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16744133" class="extiw" title="d:Q16744133">CONOR.SI</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=CONOR.SI_(authority_control_file_for_author_and_corporate_names_in_Slovene_system_COBISS)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CONOR.SI (authority control file for author and corporate names in Slovene system COBISS) — pagină inexistentă"></a></span></i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%26%238203%3B&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Adams" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Verificați valoarea <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|titlelink=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#bad_paramlink" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Enciclopedia Universală Britanica</i>. Litera. <time datetime="2010">2010</time>. p. 43.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Enciclopedia+Universal%C4%83+Britanica&rft.pages=43&rft.pub=Litera&rft.date=2010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Adams" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537" /></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legături_externe"><span id="Leg.C4.83turi_externe"></span>Legături externe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifică secțiunea: Legături externe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Legături externe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear:right;border:solid #aaa 1px;margin:0 0 1em 1em;font-size:90%;background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f8f9f9);color:color:var(--color-base, #000);width:230px;padding:2px;spacing:2px;text-align:center;float:right"><div style="float:left;vertical-align:middle"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Commons"><img alt="Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption>Commons</figcaption></figure></div><div style="margin-left:35px;line-height:normal;vertical-align:middle"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> conține materiale multimedia legate de <span class="plainlinks"><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:John_Adams?uselang=ro">John Adams</a></b></span></div></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/presidents/adams/">John Adams: A Resource Guide</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080727101213/http://johnadamslibrary.org/">The John Adams Library</a> at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boston_Public_Library&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boston Public Library — pagină inexistentă">Boston Public Library</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.masshist.org/digitaladams/archive/">Adams Family Papers: An Electronic Archive</a> at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Historical_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Massachusetts Historical Society — pagină inexistentă">Massachusetts Historical Society</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://founders.archives.gov/about/Adams">The Adams Papers</a>, subset of <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://founders.archives.gov/">Founders Online</a> from the <a href="/wiki/National_Archives_and_Records_Administration" title="National Archives and Records Administration">National Archives</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://avalon.law.yale.edu/subject_menus/adamspap.asp">John Adams Papers</a> at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Avalon_Project&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avalon Project — pagină inexistentă">Avalon Project</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/author/Adams,+John+(1735–1826)">Lucrări de John Adams</a> la <a href="/wiki/Proiectul_Gutenberg" title="Proiectul Gutenberg">Proiectul Gutenberg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Adams%2C%20John%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22John%20Adams%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Adams%2C%20John%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22John%20Adams%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Adams%2C%20J%2E%22%20OR%20title%3A%22John%20Adams%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Adams%2C%20John%22%20OR%20description%3A%22John%20Adams%22%29%20OR%20%28%221735-1826%22%20AND%20Adams%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">Opere de sau despre John Adams</a> la <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librivox.org/author/356">Lucrări de John Adams</a> la <a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a> (cărți audio aflate în <a href="/wiki/Domeniul_public" class="mw-redirect" title="Domeniul public">domeniul public</a>) <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/15px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/23px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/30px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.c-span.org/video/?121951-1/life-portrait-john-adams">"Life Portrait of John Adams"</a>, from <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a>'s <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Presidents:_Life_Portraits&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="American Presidents: Life Portraits — pagină inexistentă">American Presidents: Life Portraits</a></i>, 22 martie 1999</li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Semnatarii_Declarației_de_independență_a_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Statele_Unite_ale_Americii&#124;link=Statele_Unite_ale_Americii_---_4_iulie_1776" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="color:#000000; background:#ffdead;;color:#000089; background:#fff4b5;"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Format:Semnatarii_DI_a_SUA" title="Format:Semnatarii DI a SUA"><abbr title="Vizualizează acest format" style="color:#000000; background:#ffdead;;color:#000089; background:#fff4b5;;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a 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href="/wiki/Declara%C8%9Bia_de_independen%C8%9B%C4%83_a_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Declarația de independență a Statelor Unite ale Americii">Declarației de independență</a> a <a href="/wiki/SUA" class="mw-redirect" title="SUA">Statelor Unite ale Americii</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Statele_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Statele Unite ale Americii"><img alt="Statele Unite ale Americii" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> --- <a href="/wiki/4_iulie" title="4 iulie">4 iulie</a> <a href="/wiki/1776" title="1776">1776</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="color:#000000; background:#ffdead;"><div>Grupul celor 39 de semnatari ai Declarației de independență a Statelor Unite ale Americii</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Adams, John</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Adams" title="Samuel Adams">Adams, Samuel</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Josiah_Bartlett&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Josiah Bartlett — pagină inexistentă">Bartlett</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carter_Braxton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carter Braxton — pagină inexistentă">Braxton</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Carroll&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Carroll — pagină inexistentă">Carroll</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Chase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samuel Chase — pagină inexistentă">Chase</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Clark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abraham Clark — pagină inexistentă">Clark</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Clymer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Clymer — pagină inexistentă">Clymer</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Ellery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Ellery — pagină inexistentă">Ellery</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Floyd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Floyd — pagină inexistentă">Floyd</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Franklin</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Elbridge_Gerry" title="Elbridge Gerry">Gerry</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Button_Gwinnett&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Button Gwinnett — pagină inexistentă">Gwinett</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lyman_Hall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lyman Hall — pagină inexistentă">Hall</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Hancock" title="John Hancock">Hancock</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison_V" title="Benjamin Harrison V">Harrison</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Hart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Hart — pagină inexistentă">Hart</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Hewes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Hewes — pagină inexistentă">Joseph Hewes</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Heyward,_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Heyward, Jr. — pagină inexistentă">Heyward</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hooper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Hooper — pagină inexistentă">Hooper</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Hopkins" title="Stephen Hopkins">Hopkins</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francis_Hopkinson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francis Hopkinson — pagină inexistentă">Hopkinson</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Huntington" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Samuel Huntington">Huntington</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Jefferson</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francis_Lightfoot_Lee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francis Lightfoot Lee — pagină inexistentă">Lee, Francis</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Henry_Lee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Henry Lee — pagină inexistentă">Lee, Richard</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francis_Lewis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francis Lewis — pagină inexistentă">Lewis</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_R._Livingston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert R. Livingston — pagină inexistentă">Livingston</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Lynch,_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Lynch, Jr. — pagină inexistentă">Lynch</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_McKean&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas McKean — pagină inexistentă">McKean</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Middleton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arthur Middleton — pagină inexistentă">Middleton</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lewis_Morris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lewis Morris — pagină inexistentă">Morris, Lewis</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Morris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Morris — pagină inexistentă">Morris, Robert</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Morton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Morton — pagină inexistentă">Morton</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Nelson,_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Nelson, Jr. — pagină inexistentă">Nelson</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Paca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Paca — pagină inexistentă">Paca</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Penn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Penn — pagină inexistentă">Penn</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Treat_Paine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Treat Paine — pagină inexistentă">Paine</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Read&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Read — pagină inexistentă">Read</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_Rodney&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caesar Rodney — pagină inexistentă">Rodney</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Ross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Ross — pagină inexistentă">Ross</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Rush&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benjamin Rush — pagină inexistentă">Rush</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_Rutledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward Rutledge — pagină inexistentă">Rutledge</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Sherman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roger Sherman — pagină inexistentă">Sherman</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Smith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Smith — pagină inexistentă">Smith</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Stockton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Stockton — pagină inexistentă">Stockton</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Stone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Stone — pagină inexistentă">Stone</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Taylor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Taylor — pagină inexistentă">Taylor</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Matthew_Thornton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matthew Thornton — pagină inexistentă">Thornton</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Walton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Walton — pagină inexistentă">Walton</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Whipple&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Whipple — pagină inexistentă">Whipple</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Williams&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Williams — pagină inexistentă">Williams</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Wilson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Wilson — pagină inexistentă">Wilson</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Witherspoon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Witherspoon — pagină inexistentă">Witherspoon</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oliver_Wolcott&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oliver Wolcott — pagină inexistentă">Wolcott</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Wythe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Wythe — pagină inexistentă">Wythe</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="color:#000000; background:#ffdead;"><div><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Revolu%C8%9Bia_american%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Revoluția americană">Revoluția americană</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/P%C4%83rin%C8%9Bii_fondatori_ai_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Părinții fondatori ai Statelor Unite ale Americii">Founding Fathers</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_de_Independen%C8%9B%C4%83_al_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Războiul de Independență al Statelor Unite ale Americii">Războiul de Independență al Statelor Unite</a> <span style="white-space: 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.navbox-title{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .whiteText{color:#fff}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important;background:transparent!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important;background:transparent!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Președinții_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="4"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Format:Pre%C8%99edin%C8%9Bi_ai_SUA" title="Format:Președinți ai SUA"><abbr title="Vizualizează acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:Pre%C8%99edin%C8%9Bi_ai_SUA" title="Discuție Format:Președinți ai SUA"><abbr title="Discută acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:Pre%C8%99edin%C8%9Bi_ai_SUA&action=edit"><abbr title="Modifică acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">m</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Președinții_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii" class="whiteText" style="font-size:100%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pre%C8%99edinte_al_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Președinte al Statelor Unite ale Americii">Președinții</a> <a href="/wiki/Statele_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Statele Unite ale Americii">Statelor Unite ale Americii</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0px 2px 0px 0px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Flag_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Flag_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/225px-Flag_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Flag_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/300px-Flag_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="942" data-file-height="651" /></a></span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Adams</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">James Madison</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/James_Monroe" title="James Monroe">James Monroe</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">John Quincy Adams</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Martin_Van_Buren" title="Martin Van Buren">Martin Van Buren</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison" title="William Henry Harrison">William Henry Harrison</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/John_Tyler" title="John Tyler">John Tyler</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/James_Knox_Polk" title="James Knox Polk">James K. Polk</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Zachary_Taylor" title="Zachary Taylor">Zachary Taylor</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Millard_Fillmore" title="Millard Fillmore">Millard Fillmore</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Pierce" title="Franklin Pierce">Franklin Pierce</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/James_Buchanan" title="James Buchanan">James Buchanan</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Ulysses S. Grant</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Rutherford_B._Hayes" class="mw-redirect" title="Rutherford B. Hayes">Rutherford B. Hayes</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/James_A._Garfield" class="mw-redirect" title="James A. Garfield">James A. Garfield</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chester_A._Arthur" class="mw-redirect" title="Chester A. Arthur">Chester A. Arthur</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Benjamin Harrison</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">William McKinley</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">William Howard Taft</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Warren_G._Harding" class="mw-redirect" title="Warren G. Harding">Warren G. Harding</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Calvin Coolidge</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Herbert Hoover</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" class="mw-redirect" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" class="mw-redirect" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a></div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sigiliul Preşedintelui Statelor Unite ale Americii"><img alt="Sigiliul Preşedintelui Statelor Unite ale Americii" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="2425" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16786155" /> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Vicepreședinții_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Format:Vicepre%C8%99edin%C8%9Bi_ai_SUA" title="Format:Vicepreședinți ai SUA"><abbr title="Vizualizează acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:Vicepre%C8%99edin%C8%9Bi_ai_SUA" title="Discuție Format:Vicepreședinți ai SUA"><abbr title="Discută acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:Vicepre%C8%99edin%C8%9Bi_ai_SUA&action=edit"><abbr title="Modifică acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">m</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Vicepreședinții_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii" class="whiteText" style="font-size:100%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Vicepre%C8%99edinte_al_SUA" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicepreședinte al SUA">Vicepreședinții</a> <a href="/wiki/SUA" class="mw-redirect" title="SUA">Statelor Unite ale Americii</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Adams</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Jefferson</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Burr" title="Aaron Burr">Burr</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/George_Clinton_(politician)" title="George Clinton (politician)">Clinton</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Elbridge_Gerry" title="Elbridge Gerry">Gerry</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Tompkins" title="Daniel Tompkins">Tompkins</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">Calhoun</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Van_Buren" title="Martin Van Buren">Van Buren</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Mentor_Johnson" title="Richard Mentor Johnson">R. Johnson</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/John_Tyler" title="John Tyler">Tyler</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/George_M._Dallas" title="George M. Dallas">Dallas</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Millard_Fillmore" title="Millard Fillmore">Fillmore</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/William_R._King" title="William R. King">King</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/John_C._Breckinridge" title="John C. Breckinridge">Breckinridge</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Hannibal_Hamlin" title="Hannibal Hamlin">Hamlin</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">A. Johnson</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Schuyler_Colfax" title="Schuyler Colfax">Colfax</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Wilson" title="Henry Wilson">Wilson</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/William_A._Wheeler" title="William A. Wheeler">Wheeler</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Chester_A._Arthur" class="mw-redirect" title="Chester A. Arthur">Arthur</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Hendricks" title="Thomas A. Hendricks">Hendricks</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Levi_P._Morton" title="Levi P. Morton">Morton</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Adlai_E._Stevenson" title="Adlai E. Stevenson">Stevenson</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Garret_Hobart" title="Garret Hobart">Hobart</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Fairbanks" title="Charles W. Fairbanks">Fairbanks</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/James_S._Sherman" title="James S. Sherman">Sherman</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_R._Marshall" title="Thomas R. Marshall">Marshall</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Coolidge</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Charles_G._Dawes" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles G. Dawes">Dawes</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Curtis" title="Charles Curtis">Curtis</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/John_N._Garner" title="John N. Garner">Garner</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Henry_A._Wallace" title="Henry A. Wallace">Wallace</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Truman</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Alben_W._Barkley" title="Alben W. Barkley">Barkley</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">L. Johnson</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Hubert_H._Humphrey" class="mw-redirect" title="Hubert H. Humphrey">Humphrey</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Spiro_Agnew" title="Spiro Agnew">Agnew</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Ford</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Rockefeller" title="Nelson Rockefeller">Rockefeller</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale" title="Walter Mondale">Mondale</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">Bush</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle">Quayle</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Gore</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Cheney</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Biden</a></span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Pence</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Harris</a></span> </p> </div></div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Seal_of_the_Vice_President_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblema Vicepreşedintelui Statelor Unite ale Americii"><img alt="Emblema Vicepreşedintelui Statelor Unite ale Americii" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Seal_of_the_Vice_President_of_the_United_States.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_Vice_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Seal_of_the_Vice_President_of_the_United_States.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_Vice_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Seal_of_the_Vice_President_of_the_United_States.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_Vice_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2437" data-file-height="2437" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16786155" /> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Control_de_autoritate" title="Ajutor:Control de autoritate">Control de autoritate</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bibsys" title="Bibsys">BIBSYS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90845244">90845244</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1699071">XX1699071</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12186797v">cb12186797v</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12186797v">(data)</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Biografisch_Portaal" title="Biografisch Portaal">BPN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biografischportaal.nl/en/persoon/57767253">57767253</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/CiNii" title="CiNii">CiNii</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01679342?l=en">DA01679342</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Authority File">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118500597">118500597</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">ISNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/0000000121442412">0000 0001 2144 2412</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79105675">n79105675</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Latvia" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of Latvia">LNB</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000185560&P_CON_LNG=ENG">000185560</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/MusicBrainz" title="MusicBrainz">MusicBrainz</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/7af20cf3-e43f-40c6-bd02-15426dd7f647">7af20cf3-e43f-40c6-bd02-15426dd7f647</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Archives_and_Records_Administration" title="National Archives and Records Administration">NARA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10580812">10580812</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="National Diet Library">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/01133474">01133474</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn20000720003&CON_LNG=ENG">jn20000720003</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of Australia">NLA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35001112">35001112</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_and_University_Library_in_Zagreb" class="mw-redirect" title="National and University Library in Zagreb">NSK</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000057592&local_base=nsk10">000057592</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Russian_State_Library" 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