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周作人 - 维基百科,自由的百科全书

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cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">外观</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=spontaneous&amp;uselang=zh-hans" class=""><span>资助维基百科</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&amp;returnto=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录,但这不是强制性的" class=""><span>创建账号</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&amp;returnto=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA" title="建议你登录,尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>登录</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=spontaneous&amp;uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&amp;returnto=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录,但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&amp;returnto=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA" title="建议你登录,尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-生平" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生平"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>生平</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-生平-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关生平子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-生平-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-早年" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#早年"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>早年</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-早年-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-留学日本" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#留学日本"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>留学日本</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-留学日本-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-中華民國成立後" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中華民國成立後"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>中華民國成立後</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中華民國成立後-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-抗日戰爭期間" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#抗日戰爭期間"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>抗日戰爭期間</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-抗日戰爭期間-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-留平教授" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#留平教授"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.1</span> <span>留平教授</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-留平教授-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-神秘槍擊案" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#神秘槍擊案"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.2</span> <span>神秘槍擊案</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-神秘槍擊案-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-出任汪精衛政權職務" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#出任汪精衛政權職務"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.3</span> <span>出任汪精衛政權職務</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-出任汪精衛政權職務-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-戰後" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#戰後"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>戰後</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-戰後-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-中華人民共和國成立后" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中華人民共和國成立后"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>中華人民共和國成立后</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中華人民共和國成立后-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-上書毛泽东" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#上書毛泽东"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6.1</span> <span>上書毛泽东</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-上書毛泽东-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-翻譯" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#翻譯"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6.2</span> <span>翻譯</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-翻譯-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-寫作" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#寫作"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6.3</span> <span>寫作</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-寫作-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-文革期間" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#文革期間"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6.4</span> <span>文革期間</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-文革期間-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-家庭" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#家庭"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>家庭</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-家庭-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-成就" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#成就"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>成就</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-成就-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关成就子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-成就-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-散文" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#散文"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>散文</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-散文-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-翻譯_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#翻譯_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>翻譯</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-翻譯_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-魯迅研究" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#魯迅研究"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>魯迅研究</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-魯迅研究-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-杂学" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#杂学"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>杂学</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-杂学-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-著作和译著" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#著作和译著"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>著作和译著</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-著作和译著-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关著作和译著子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-著作和译著-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-古希臘語" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#古希臘語"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>古希臘語</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-古希臘語-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-日本語" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#日本語"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>日本語</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-日本語-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-英語" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#英語"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>英語</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-英語-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-評價" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#評價"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>評價</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-評價-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考來源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考來源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>参考來源</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考來源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-研究書目" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#研究書目"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>研究書目</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-研究書目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">周作人</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。20种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">20种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%87%D9%88_%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86" title="زهو زورين – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="زهو زورين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Zuoren" title="Zhou Zuoren – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Zhou Zuoren" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Zuoren" title="Zhou Zuoren – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Zhou Zuoren" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Zuoren" title="Zhou Zuoren – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Zhou Zuoren" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Zuoren" title="Zhou Zuoren – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Zhou Zuoren" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D9%88_%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86" title="ژو زوئورن – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ژو زوئورن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Zuoren" title="Zhou Zuoren – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Zhou Zuoren" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Zuoren" title="Zhou Zuoren – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Zhou Zuoren" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Zuoren" title="Zhou Zuoren – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Zhou Zuoren" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Zuoren" title="Zhou Zuoren – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Zhou Zuoren" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA" title="周作人 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="周作人" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Zuoren" title="Zhou Zuoren – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Zhou Zuoren" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%80%EC%9A%B0%EC%AD%A4%EB%9F%B0" title="저우쭤런 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="저우쭤런" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Zuoren" title="Zhou Zuoren – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Zhou Zuoren" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Zuoren" title="Zhou Zuoren – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Zhou Zuoren" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%83_%D0%A6%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B6%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Чжоу Цзожэнь – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Чжоу Цзожэнь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%83_%D0%A6%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Чжоу Цзожень – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Чжоу Цзожень" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA" title="周作人 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="周作人" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA" title="周作人 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="周作人" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA" title="周作人 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="周作人" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q198051#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" 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data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item 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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E5%2591%25A8%25E4%25BD%259C%25E4%25BA%25BA"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E5%2591%25A8%25E4%25BD%259C%25E4%25BA%25BA"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Zhou_Zuoren" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikiquote.org/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA" hreflang="zh"><span>维基语录</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikisource mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA" hreflang="zh"><span>维基文库</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q198051" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button 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data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74069148">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.mobile{display:none}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.nomobile{display:inherit;display:initial}</style><span class="ifmobile"><span class="nomobile">&#160;&#160;</span><span class="mobile"></span></span>关于名为周启明的其他人物,請見「<b><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E5%90%AF%E6%98%8E" class="mw-disambig" title="周启明">周启明</a></b>」。</div> <div id="noteTA-de08c6b5" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-local"><div data-noteta-code="zh-hans:斯诺;zh-hk:史諾;zh-tw:史諾;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-hans:埃德加;zh-hk:艾德嘉;zh-tw:愛德加;"></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732972">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Refimprove plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tango-nosources.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/45px-Tango-nosources.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/68px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/90px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>需要补充更多<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">来源</a></b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2015年4月29日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>请协助補充多方面<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">可靠来源</a>以<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit">改善这篇条目</a>,<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:可供查证">无法查证</a>的内容可能會因為<a href="/wiki/Template:Fact" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Fact">异议提出</a>而被移除。<br />致使用者:请搜索一下条目的标题(来源搜索:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?&amp;as_eq=wikipedia&amp;q=%22%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA%22">"周作人"</a> &#8212; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?q=%22%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA%22">网页</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&amp;q=&amp;as_src=-newswire+-wire+-presswire+-PR+-press+-release+-wikipedia&amp;q=%22%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA%22">新闻</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?&amp;as_brr=0&amp;as_pub=-icon&amp;q=%22%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA%22">书籍</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//scholar.google.com/scholar?&amp;q=%22%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA%22">学术</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&amp;safe=off&amp;q=%22%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA%22">图像</a></span>),以检查网络上是否存在该主题的更多可靠来源(<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">判定指引</a>)。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Veil plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">本條目<b>有<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C#滚动列表与折叠元素" title="Wikipedia:格式手册">隱藏内容</a></b>,或許有礙讀者閱覽。請協助<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit">改善</a>條目,以符合维基百科标准。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2015年4月29日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>一般應該僅由特定標準化模板提供摺疊資料表格,勿因<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:SPOIL" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:SPOIL">故事劇情</a>或項目混雜而隱藏;內容應該考慮其他方式呈現。重複記載、過度細節與<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOT" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOT">無助了解主題的堆砌內容</a>等需要考慮除去。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><span class="fn">周作人</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%EF%BC%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8%E7%B3%BB%E6%95%99%E6%8E%88%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%88%E7%94%9F.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%EF%BC%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8%E7%B3%BB%E6%95%99%E6%8E%88%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%88%E7%94%9F.png/240px-%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%EF%BC%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8%E7%B3%BB%E6%95%99%E6%8E%88%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%88%E7%94%9F.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="414" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%EF%BC%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8%E7%B3%BB%E6%95%99%E6%8E%88%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%88%E7%94%9F.png/360px-%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%EF%BC%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8%E7%B3%BB%E6%95%99%E6%8E%88%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%88%E7%94%9F.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%EF%BC%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8%E7%B3%BB%E6%95%99%E6%8E%88%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%88%E7%94%9F.png/480px-%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%EF%BC%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8%E7%B3%BB%E6%95%99%E6%8E%88%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%88%E7%94%9F.png 2x" data-file-width="527" data-file-height="908" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:1.4em;">周作人像</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;white-space:nowrap;;">出生</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;"><span class="nickname">櫆寿(后改为奎绶)</span><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1885-01-16</span>)</span>1885年1月16日<br /><span class="birthplace"><span class="flagicon"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_China_%281862%E2%80%931889%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_China_%281862%E2%80%931889%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_China_%281862%E2%80%931889%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_China_%281862%E2%80%931889%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_China_%281862%E2%80%931889%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_China_%281862%E2%80%931889%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="870" data-file-height="560" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%9D" title="清朝">大清</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81_(%E6%B8%85)" class="mw-redirect" title="浙江省 (清)">浙江省</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8D%E5%85%B4%E5%BA%9C" title="绍兴府">绍兴府</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%9A%E7%A8%BD%E5%8E%BF" title="会稽县">会稽县</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;white-space:nowrap;;">逝世</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;">1967年5月6日<span style="display:none">(<span class="dday deathdate">1967歲—05—06</span>)</span>(82歲)<br /><span class="deathplace"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%B8%82" title="北京市">北京市</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;white-space:nowrap;;">筆名</th><td class="infobox-data nickname" style="line-height:1.4em;;">遐寿、仲密、岂明(共有90多个笔名)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;white-space:nowrap;;">職業</th><td class="infobox-data role" style="line-height:1.4em;;">作家</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;white-space:nowrap;;">配偶</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;">周信子(原名羽太信子)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;white-space:nowrap;;">子女</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;">周丰一、周静子、周若子</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;white-space:nowrap;;">親屬</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;;">周伯宜(父亲)<br />鲁瑞(母亲)<br /><a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E8%BF%85" title="鲁迅">鲁迅</a>(兄)<br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E5%BB%BA%E4%BA%BA" title="周建人">周建人</a>(弟)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>周作人</b>(1885年1月16日—1967年5月6日),原名<b>櫆寿</b>(后改为<b>奎绶</b>),<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E5%AD%97" title="表字">字</a><b>星杓</b>,又名<b>启明</b>、<b>啟孟</b>、<b>起孟</b>,筆名<b>遐壽</b>、<b>仲密</b>、<b>豈明</b>,<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B7" title="号">号</a><b>知堂</b>、<b>药堂</b>等,男,<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81_(%E6%B8%85)" class="mw-redirect" title="浙江省 (清)">浙江</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%B9%E8%88%88%E5%BA%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="紹興府">紹興</a>人,近代<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="中国">中国</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%A3%E6%96%87%E5%AE%B6" title="散文家">散文家</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA%E5%AE%B6&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="文学理论家(页面不存在)">文学理论家</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%84%E8%AE%BA%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="评论家">评论家</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%97%E4%BA%BA" title="诗人">诗人</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="翻译家">翻译家</a>、日本通,中国<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%BF%97%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="民俗学">民俗学</a>开拓人,<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="新文化运动">新文化运动</a>代表人物。<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E8%BF%85" class="mw-redirect" title="魯迅">魯迅</a>(周树人)之弟,<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E5%BB%BA%E4%BA%BA" title="周建人">周建人</a>之兄。历任<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%8B%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="国立北京大学">国立北京大学</a>教授、东方文学系主任,<a href="/wiki/%E7%87%95%E4%BA%AC%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="燕京大学">燕京大学</a>新文学系主任、客座教授。新文化运动中是《<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E9%9D%92%E5%B9%B4" title="新青年">新青年</a>》的重要同人作者,并曾任<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%BD%AE%E7%A4%BE" title="新潮社">新潮社</a>主任编辑。<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%9B%9B%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="五四运动">五四运动</a>之后,与<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%91%E6%8C%AF%E9%93%8E" title="郑振铎">郑振铎</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E9%9B%81%E5%86%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="沈雁冰">沈雁冰</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B6%E7%BB%8D%E9%92%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="叶绍钧">叶绍钧</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%B8%E5%9C%B0%E5%B1%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="许地山">许地山</a>等人发起成立“<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E4%BC%9A" title="文学研究会">文学研究会</a>”;并与鲁迅、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E8%AF%AD%E5%A0%82" title="林语堂">林语堂</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%99%E4%BC%8F%E5%9B%AD" title="孙伏园">孙伏园</a>等创办《<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%AD%E4%B8%9D" title="语丝">语丝</a>》周刊,任主编和主要撰稿人。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生平"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E5.B9.B3"></span>生平</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="编辑章节:生平"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="早年"><span id=".E6.97.A9.E5.B9.B4"></span>早年</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="编辑章节:早年"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E9%B2%81%E8%BF%85%E6%95%85%E5%B1%85229%E5%8F%B7.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/%E9%B2%81%E8%BF%85%E6%95%85%E5%B1%85229%E5%8F%B7.jpg/240px-%E9%B2%81%E8%BF%85%E6%95%85%E5%B1%85229%E5%8F%B7.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/%E9%B2%81%E8%BF%85%E6%95%85%E5%B1%85229%E5%8F%B7.jpg/360px-%E9%B2%81%E8%BF%85%E6%95%85%E5%B1%85229%E5%8F%B7.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/%E9%B2%81%E8%BF%85%E6%95%85%E5%B1%85229%E5%8F%B7.jpg/480px-%E9%B2%81%E8%BF%85%E6%95%85%E5%B1%85229%E5%8F%B7.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2200" data-file-height="1650" /></a><figcaption>周家新台门</figcaption></figure> <p>周作人出生在绍兴府城内的周家新台门(今<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8D%E5%85%B4%E9%B2%81%E8%BF%85%E6%95%85%E5%B1%85" class="mw-redirect" title="绍兴鲁迅故居">绍兴鲁迅故居</a>),籍贯属<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%9A%E7%A8%BD%E5%8E%BF" title="会稽县">会稽县</a>。出生时祖父<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E7%A6%8F%E6%B8%85" title="周福清">周福清</a>在京任官,得到家信时正好有一魁姓<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%97%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="旗人">旗人</a>来访,遂将这个孙子取名“櫆寿”,与长孙“樟寿”(鲁迅原名)对应。<sup id="cite_ref-钱理群_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-钱理群-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E7%BB%8D%E5%85%B4%E9%B2%81%E8%BF%85%E6%95%85%E5%B1%85%E4%B8%89%E5%91%B3%E4%B9%A6%E5%B1%8B.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/%E7%BB%8D%E5%85%B4%E9%B2%81%E8%BF%85%E6%95%85%E5%B1%85%E4%B8%89%E5%91%B3%E4%B9%A6%E5%B1%8B.jpg/240px-%E7%BB%8D%E5%85%B4%E9%B2%81%E8%BF%85%E6%95%85%E5%B1%85%E4%B8%89%E5%91%B3%E4%B9%A6%E5%B1%8B.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/%E7%BB%8D%E5%85%B4%E9%B2%81%E8%BF%85%E6%95%85%E5%B1%85%E4%B8%89%E5%91%B3%E4%B9%A6%E5%B1%8B.jpg/360px-%E7%BB%8D%E5%85%B4%E9%B2%81%E8%BF%85%E6%95%85%E5%B1%85%E4%B8%89%E5%91%B3%E4%B9%A6%E5%B1%8B.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/%E7%BB%8D%E5%85%B4%E9%B2%81%E8%BF%85%E6%95%85%E5%B1%85%E4%B8%89%E5%91%B3%E4%B9%A6%E5%B1%8B.jpg/480px-%E7%BB%8D%E5%85%B4%E9%B2%81%E8%BF%85%E6%95%85%E5%B1%85%E4%B8%89%E5%91%B3%E4%B9%A6%E5%B1%8B.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2200" data-file-height="1650" /></a><figcaption>周家新台门对岸的三味书屋</figcaption></figure> <p>周作人幼年在家鄉的私塾書屋(三味书屋)裡接受傳統的國學教育,1898~1899年和1900~1901年两次参加科举均止于<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%A2%E8%A9%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="院試">院试</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>後來在國內新學的風潮中,于1901年到<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="南京">南京</a>進入<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E5%8D%97%E6%B0%B4%E5%B8%AB%E5%AD%B8%E5%A0%82" title="江南水師學堂">江南水師學堂</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國">民國</a>後改<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D%E8%BB%8D%E5%AE%98%E5%AD%B8%E6%A0%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="海軍軍官學校">海軍軍官學校</a>),在管輪班(輪機科;輪機專業)讀了6年<sup id="cite_ref-知堂回想录_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-知堂回想录-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,當時專業科目都用英文書,他因此有了相當的英文基礎,後來考取官費生,和哥哥<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E8%BF%85" class="mw-redirect" title="魯迅">魯迅</a>、好友<a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%B1%E5%A3%BD%E8%A3%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="許壽裳">許壽裳</a>(季茀)等人留學日本。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="留学日本"><span id=".E7.95.99.E5.AD.A6.E6.97.A5.E6.9C.AC"></span>留学日本</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="编辑章节:留学日本"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83946278">.mw-parser-output .template-facttext{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);color:inherit;margin:-.3em 0;padding:.3em 0}</style><mark class="template-facttext" title="需要提供文献来源">他以學“造房子”(<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%9C%A8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="土木工程">土木工程</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="建筑工程">建築工程</a>)的名目出國,抵日後先讀<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E6%94%BF%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8_(%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC)" title="法政大學 (日本)">法政大學</a>預科,後入東京<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E6%95%99%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" title="立教大學">立教大學</a>修<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="希臘文">希臘文</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="英文">英文</a>等西方語文(周作人的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="古英語">古英語</a>頗有水平),研讀《遠征記》(<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E5%BA%95" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇格拉底">蘇格拉底</a>的學生<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E8%AF%BA%E8%8A%AC" title="色诺芬">色诺芬</a>的著作)等文學經典,課後也到神學院學<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E9%9F%B3%E6%9B%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="福音書">福音書</a>的希臘原文。</mark><sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="来源请求开始于2018年3月26日。">&#91;來源請求&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>課餘和哥哥翻譯出版了《域外小說集》(在1909年的2月,印出第1册,到6月間,又印出第2册),這两部譯作以东欧弱小民族文学为主,也包括<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E7%88%BE%E5%BE%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="王爾德">王爾德</a>等的作品,其中的迦爾洵的《四日》,安特來夫的《謾》和《默》這3篇是魯迅翻譯,魯迅校訂了周作人翻譯的其他各篇,這是史上第1部直接從<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="英語">英語</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="德語">德語</a>原文翻譯成漢語古文的短篇小說集。 </p><p>魯迅、周作人1920年3月20日給這1年的重印版寫的《域外小說集序》裡說:每集在東京只賣去20本就再也没有人買了,第1集另有1本是<a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%B1%E5%A3%BD%E8%A3%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="許壽裳">許壽裳</a>怕寄售處不遵定價,額外需索而去試買的(半年過去了,先在就近的東京寄售處結了帳。計第一冊賣去了二十一本,第二冊是二十本,以後可再也沒有人買了。那第一冊何以多賣一本呢?就因為有一位極熟的友人,怕寄售處不遵定價,額外需索,所以親去試驗一回,果然劃一不二,就放了心,第二本不再試驗了——但由此看來,足見那二十位讀者,是有出必看,沒有一人中止的,我們至今很感謝),上海的寄售處「是至今还没有详细知道。听说也不过卖出了二十册上下,以后再没有人买了。于是第三册只好停板,已成的书,便都堆在上海寄售处堆货的屋子里。过了四五年,这寄售处不幸被了火,我们的书和纸板,都连同化成灰烬;我们这过去的梦幻似的无用的劳力,在中国也就完全消灭了。」 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E9%81%A9" title="胡適">胡適</a>在《<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%81%E5%B9%B4%E4%BE%86%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E4%B9%8B%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8" title="五十年來中國之文學">五十年來中國之文學</a>》裡說:「周作人同他的哥哥也曾用古文來譯小說。他們的古文工夫既是很高的,又都能直接了解西文,故他們譯的《域外小說集》比林譯的小說確是高的多。」 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E8%94%A1%E5%85%83%E5%9F%B9" title="蔡元培">蔡元培</a>1919年3月18日寫給<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E7%B4%93" title="林紓">林紓</a>的公開信裡說:「周君所譯之《域外小说》,則文筆之古奧,非淺學者所能解。」 </p><p>周氏兄弟、許壽裳、<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B1%E7%8E%84%E5%90%8C" title="钱玄同">钱玄同</a>等在日本時師從<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%A0%E5%A4%AA%E7%82%8E" title="章太炎">章太炎</a>學《<a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA%E6%96%87%E8%A7%A3%E5%AD%97" class="mw-redirect" title="說文解字">說文解字</a>》,并相互结下友谊。另外周作人在日本還短暂學习<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="俄文">俄文</a>(與魯迅等共學)、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%B5%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="梵文">梵文</a>(與老師章太炎共學,教師是會說英語的旅日<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a>人,周給老師做英語翻譯)等。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="中華民國成立後"><span id=".E4.B8.AD.E8.8F.AF.E6.B0.91.E5.9C.8B.E6.88.90.E7.AB.8B.E5.BE.8C"></span>中華民國成立後</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="编辑章节:中華民國成立後"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_building_of_Peking_University.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Red_building_of_Peking_University.JPG/240px-Red_building_of_Peking_University.JPG" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Red_building_of_Peking_University.JPG/360px-Red_building_of_Peking_University.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Red_building_of_Peking_University.JPG/480px-Red_building_of_Peking_University.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E7%BA%A2%E6%A5%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="北大红楼">北大红楼</a></figcaption></figure> <p>1911年從日本回中國,1912年做了半年浙江省教育司視學(督學),后轉浙江省立第五高級中學教員,教了4年英文,1917年到<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="北京大學">北京大學</a>附屬國史編纂處做編纂,半年后的1918年出任<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="北京大學">北京大學</a>文科(文學院)教授,擔任希臘羅馬文學史、歐洲文學史、近代散文、佛教文学等課程,並創辦北京大學東方語言文學系,出任首任系主任,该系師資還有<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E5%87%A4%E4%B8%BE" class="mw-disambig" title="张凤举">张凤举</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E7%A5%96%E6%AD%A3&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="徐祖正(页面不存在)">徐祖正</a>等,後來因中日战争爆发而停辦。 </p><p>他清新淡雅,如話家常的<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E8%A9%B1%E6%96%87" title="白話文">白話文</a>,洋溢著深厚的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B" title="中國">中國</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%B4%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="東洋">東洋</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B" title="西洋">西洋</a>古典與近現代文化素養,轟動一時,<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" class="mw-redirect" title="新文化運動">新文化運動</a>中更發表影響深遠的《人的文學》《平民文学》《思想革命》等启蒙主义理论文章。 </p><p>周作人还广泛参与社会活动,1919年起任中華民國教育部國語統一籌備會會員,與<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E8%A3%95%E8%97%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="馬裕藻">馬裕藻</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%B8%8C%E7%A5%96" title="朱希祖">朱希祖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%A2%E7%8E%84%E5%90%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="錢玄同">錢玄同</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E5%8D%8A%E5%86%9C" title="刘半农">劉復</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E9%81%A9" title="胡適">胡適</a>5位北大教員兼國語會會員在會上聯名提出《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%8B%E9%A0%92%E8%A1%8C%E6%96%B0%E5%BC%8F%E6%A8%99%E9%BB%9E%E7%AC%A6%E8%99%9F%E8%AD%B0%E6%A1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="請頒行新式標點符號議案(页面不存在)">請頒行新式標點符號議案</a>》,經大會通過後頒行全國。1922年與钱玄同、<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%86%E5%9F%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="陆基">陆基</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E9%94%A6%E7%86%99" title="黎锦熙">黎锦熙</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%A8%E6%A0%91%E8%BE%BE" title="杨树达">杨树达</a>、胡适、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E5%85%BC%E5%A3%AB" title="沈兼士">沈兼士</a>等會員任國語統一籌備會汉字省体委员会委员(共16人)。 </p><p>1922年,在“<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="非基督教运动">非基督教运动</a>”高潮中,他和<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B1%E7%8E%84%E5%90%8C" title="钱玄同">钱玄同</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E5%A3%AB%E8%BF%9C" title="沈士远">沈士远</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E5%85%BC%E5%A3%AB" title="沈兼士">沈兼士</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%A3%95%E8%97%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="马裕藻">马裕藻</a>发表《信仰自由宣言》,重申信仰自由的精神。 </p><p>1925年在女师大风潮中,周作人支持进步学生,与鲁迅、马裕藻、沈尹默、沈兼士、钱玄同等人连署发表《对于北京女子师范大学风潮宣言》,并担任女师大校务维持会会员。 </p><p>1927年,<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%A4%A7%E9%87%97" class="mw-redirect" title="李大釗">李大釗</a>等<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E4%BD%9C%E9%9C%96%E7%BB%9E%E6%9D%80%E7%9A%8420%E4%BA%BA%E5%90%8D%E5%8D%95" title="张作霖绞杀的20人名单">20餘名</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E9%BB%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="國民黨">國民黨</a>員(有的身兼<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A2%E9%BB%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="共產黨">共產黨</a>員身份)被<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%89%E7%B3%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="奉系">奉係</a>軍閥<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E4%BD%9C%E9%9C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="張作霖">張作霖</a>絞死。周作人在冒有生命危險的情況下,把李氏子女<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E8%91%86%E5%8D%8E" title="李葆华">李葆华</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%98%9F%E5%8D%8E" title="李星华">李星华</a>藏在自己<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="北京">北京</a>西城八道灣胡同的家中。此後,對<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%A4%A7%E9%87%97" class="mw-redirect" title="李大釗">李氏</a>遺孤的救濟幫助一直持續近20年。 <sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="抗日戰爭期間"><span id=".E6.8A.97.E6.97.A5.E6.88.B0.E7.88.AD.E6.9C.9F.E9.96.93"></span>抗日戰爭期間</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="编辑章节:抗日戰爭期間"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="留平教授"><span id=".E7.95.99.E5.B9.B3.E6.95.99.E6.8E.88"></span>留平教授</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="编辑章节:留平教授"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1937年<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%A7%E6%BA%9D%E6%A9%8B%E4%BA%8B%E8%AE%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="盧溝橋事變">盧溝橋事變</a>後,<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="北京大學">北京大學</a>撤離<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%B9%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="北平">北平</a>,他沒有同行,成为四名“留平教授”之一(另外3位留守的教授是<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E6%A3%AE" title="孟森">孟森</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%A3%95%E8%97%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="马裕藻">马裕藻</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AE%E7%A5%96%E8%8D%80" title="馮祖荀">馮祖荀</a>),受校长的委托看守校产。北大校長<a href="/wiki/%E8%94%A3%E5%A4%A2%E9%BA%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="蔣夢麟">蔣夢麟</a>后来在回憶錄(《<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%BD%AE" title="西潮">西潮</a>》和《新潮》)裡談到:「抗战的时候,他留在北平,我曾示意他说,你不要走,你跟日本人关系比较深,不走,可以保存这个学校的一些图书和设备。于是,他果然没有走,后来因他在抗战时期曾和日本人在文化上合作,被捉起来关在南京。我常派人去看他,并常送给他一些需用的东西和钱。记得有一次,他托朋友带了封信出来,说法庭要我的证据。他对法庭说,他留在北平并不是想做汉奸,是校长托他在那里照顾学校的。法庭问我有没有这件事?我曾回信证明确有其事。结果如何,因后来我离开南京时很仓促,没有想到他,所以我也没有去打听。」 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="神秘槍擊案"><span id=".E7.A5.9E.E7.A7.98.E6.A7.8D.E6.93.8A.E6.A1.88"></span>神秘槍擊案</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="编辑章节:神秘槍擊案"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1939年元旦,自稱是他的學生並自稱姓李的客人求見周作人,突然開槍將他擊倒,子彈射中銅扣而受輕傷。凶手逃逸后未被捉获。有关枪击案的凶手是谁一直众说纷纭。周作人始终坚持是日本軍方的阴谋,日方則說是國民黨<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%8B%99" title="特務">特務</a>所為。戰后有人在<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="美國">美國</a>撰文,自稱當年是學生,不滿周的親日行止而下手。以時間點來說,周作人當時並沒有出任<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%80%E5%84%A1%E6%94%BF%E6%AC%8A" title="傀儡政權">傀儡政權</a>的任何行政職務,他先是應<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E9%81%A9" title="胡適">胡適</a>主持的文化基金編譯委員會委託,在家裡翻譯<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="英文">英文</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="古希臘文">古希臘文</a>稿件,直到文化基金編譯委員會搬到<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">香港</a>。1938年9月起至<a href="/wiki/%E7%87%95%E4%BA%AC%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="燕京大學">燕京大學</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="美國">美國</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99" title="基督教">基督教</a>背景)國文系每周授課6小時,擔任客座教授。但遭行刺后<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E8%BB%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="日軍">日軍</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%AA%E5%85%B5" title="宪兵">宪兵</a>进驻周作人家,却加速民眾對其親日印象的懷疑。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="出任汪精衛政權職務"><span id=".E5.87.BA.E4.BB.BB.E6.B1.AA.E7.B2.BE.E8.A1.9B.E6.94.BF.E6.AC.8A.E8.81.B7.E5.8B.99"></span>出任<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%AA%E7%B2%BE%E8%A1%9B%E6%94%BF%E6%AC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="汪精衛政權">汪精衛政權</a>職務</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="编辑章节:出任汪精衛政權職務"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zhou_Zuoren2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Zhou_Zuoren2.jpg/200px-Zhou_Zuoren2.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Zhou_Zuoren2.jpg/300px-Zhou_Zuoren2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/Zhou_Zuoren2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="312" data-file-height="463" /></a><figcaption>《<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%80%E6%96%B0%E6%94%AF%E9%82%A3%E8%A6%81%E4%BA%BA%E5%82%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="最新支那要人傳">最新支那要人傳</a>》(1941年出版)中的周作人</figcaption></figure> <p>經過槍擊案的身心衝擊,周作人在1939年1月接下<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E8%87%A8%E6%99%82%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C_(1937%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%941940%E5%B9%B4)" title="中華民國臨時政府 (1937年—1940年)">中華民國臨時政府</a>国立<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="北京大學">北京大學</a>圖書館館長的聘書,3月應聘兼任北京大學「文學院籌辦員」,開學后兼任文學院院長。 </p><p>1940年11月8日,<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%AA%E7%B2%BE%E8%A1%9B%E6%94%BF%E6%AC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="汪精衛政權">汪精衛政權</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E5%8C%97%E6%94%BF%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="华北政务委员会">華北政務委員會</a>教育總署督辦<a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%AF%E7%88%BE%E5%92%8C" title="湯爾和">湯爾和</a>因<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BA%E7%99%8C" title="肺癌">肺癌</a>病逝,1940年12月19日,<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%AA%E7%B2%BE%E8%A1%9B%E6%94%BF%E6%AC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="汪精衛政權">汪精衛政權</a>中央政治委員會31次會議通過「特派周作人為華北政務委員會委員,並指定為常務委員兼教育總署督辦」,1941年元旦正式上任。 </p><p>1941年10月起兼任東亞文化協議會會長,1943年3月29日任“藝文雜誌”總編輯(參考張深切“北京日記”),6月起兼任華北綜合調査研究所副理事長,1944年5月起兼任《華北新報》經理和報道協會理事、中日文化協會理事。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="戰後"><span id=".E6.88.B0.E5.BE.8C"></span>戰後</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="编辑章节:戰後"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>抗戰结束后,1945年12月在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%B9%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="北平">北平</a>以<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%A5%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="漢奸">漢奸</a>罪名被<a href="/wiki/%E8%94%A3%E4%BB%8B%E7%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="蔣介石">蔣介石</a>主政的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="國民政府">國民政府</a>逮捕,并押解<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="南京市 (中華民國)">南京</a>受審,监禁于<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E8%99%8E%E6%A1%A5%E7%9B%91%E7%8B%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="老虎桥监狱">老虎橋監獄</a>,周的朋友、學生紛紛為他開脫求情,<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9E%E5%B9%B3%E4%BC%AF" title="俞平伯">俞平伯</a>還給在<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="美國">美國</a>辦外交的<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E9%81%A9" title="胡適">胡適</a>寫了封長信,請求胡適為周說情。 </p><p>1946年11月6日,高等法院判處他14年有期徒刑,1947年12月9日改判10年有期徒刑。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E7%82%8E%E7%A7%8B" title="洪炎秋">洪炎秋</a>《我所認識的周作人》(1967年7月發表)一文寫到「理學院仍設景山東街前北京大學理學院原址,文學院因為沙灘紅樓被日本憲兵隊所佔據,乃在馬神廟北大圖書館邊新蓋三層大樓一座供用;這兩個學院在淪陷期間,不但絲毫沒有受到破壞,而且多少增加了一些設備,所以周作人勝利後在法案受審時,供稱他留在北平,並不是想當漢奸,是蔣夢麟校長託他在那裡照顧學校的,這樁事有蔣前任校長去函法院證實,而新任校長胡適之也替他證明有保全北大的圖書和設備之功,所以法院寬大為懷,只判了他十年的有期徒刑。」 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%AD%E6%8C%AF%E9%90%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="鄭振鐸">鄭振鐸</a>說:“日本妻子(<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%BD%E5%A4%AA%E4%BF%A1%E5%AD%90&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="羽太信子(页面不存在)">羽太信子</a>)給了他不好的影響。” </p><p>1949年1月22日,<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%AE%97%E4%BB%81" title="李宗仁">李宗仁</a>接任<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1" title="中華民國總統">中華民國總統</a>,在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E8%AB%87" class="mw-redirect" title="國共和談">國共和談</a>的空氣中,下令釋放政治犯,周作人在1949年1月26日被放出監獄,坐火車到學生<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%A4%E7%82%B3%E5%9C%BB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="尤炳圻(页面不存在)">尤炳圻</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="上海市 (中華民國)">上海</a>的家暫住。 </p><p>他曾通過<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%A4%E7%82%B3%E5%9C%BB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="尤炳圻(页面不存在)">尤炳圻</a>聯繫以前教過的台灣籍學生<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E7%82%8E%E7%A7%8B" title="洪炎秋">洪炎秋</a>(1946年回台灣,1948年起在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="台灣大學">台灣大學</a>教書)表示有意到<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="台灣">台灣</a>,在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="北京大學">北京大學</a>修過周先生2學期2學分近代散文的洪炎秋〈我所認識的周作人〉1文回憶:「周作人知道將被釋放,叫尤君寫信給我,說他想來台灣,問我有沒有法子安置。我就找了老友郭火炎醫師,向他借用<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%8A%95%E5%8D%80" title="北投區">北投</a>的別墅供住,郭君滿口答應,我於是立刻回信給尤君,告訴他住所已有,日常生活費用,我和老友張我軍可以負責設法,可是他出獄後沒能即刻來台,後來就斷絕消息了。」 </p><p>他不到台灣與<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%85%E6%96%AF%E5%B9%B4" title="傅斯年">傅斯年</a>在1949年1月20日接任台灣大學校長不無關係。 </p><p>胡適從上海要到美國前,曾託<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%8B%E5%8F%A4%E9%AD%AF&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="王古魯(页面不存在)">王古魯</a>遊說他離開中國,他反託王古魯勸胡適不要離開中國(見《知堂回想錄》)。 </p><p>1949年8月14日,他從上海回到<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E8%BB%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="中國人民解放軍">中國人民解放軍</a>管治下的北平定居。 </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%AD%E5%AE%87%E4%B8%80&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="郭宇一(页面不存在)">郭宇一</a>《毛泽东与周作人》文中指出<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E6%BE%A4%E6%9D%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="毛澤東">毛澤東</a>很早就與周作人來往的事實,文中引1920年4月7日《周作人日記》:『毛澤東君來訪』。「君」常用於老師稱呼學生。(毛在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%B8%E9%A4%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="北京大學圖書館">北京大學圖書館</a>工作時旁聽了許多課程,並造訪了多位老師。)《毛泽东与周作人》文中說周作人1949年後「给<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%81%A9%E6%9D%A5" title="周恩来">周恩来</a>写了一封六千多字的长信,作了一些检讨,也为自己的过去作了一些解释。周恩来将这封信转呈毛泽东」。毛澤東對此信作了批示:“文化汉奸嘛,又没有杀人放火。现在懂希腊文的人不多了,养起来,做翻译工作,以后出版”。但據<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%AD%E5%AE%87%E4%B8%80&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="郭宇一(页面不存在)">郭宇一</a>的文章,「毛是否真的看到周作人的这封信,真的是否作了这样的批示,学界目前尚有争论」。 </p><p>周作人的學生在台灣的有<a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%B1%E4%B8%96%E7%91%9B" title="許世瑛">許世瑛</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%B1%E5%A3%BD%E8%A3%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="許壽裳">許壽裳</a>大兒)、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E6%88%91%E8%BB%8D" title="張我軍">張我軍</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BF%E6%A9%8B%E5%8D%80_(%E6%96%B0%E5%8C%97%E5%B8%82)" class="mw-redirect" title="板橋區 (新北市)">板橋</a>人)、<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%AD%E9%A8%AB" title="鄭騫">鄭騫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E7%82%8E%E7%A7%8B" title="洪炎秋">洪炎秋</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%B0%E5%8C%96%E7%B8%A3" title="彰化縣">彰化</a>人)等,作家<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E6%B7%B1%E5%88%87" title="張深切">張深切</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="北京">北京</a>曾和周作人來往。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="中華人民共和國成立后"><span id=".E4.B8.AD.E8.8F.AF.E4.BA.BA.E6.B0.91.E5.85.B1.E5.92.8C.E5.9C.8B.E6.88.90.E7.AB.8B.E5.90.8E"></span>中華人民共和國成立后</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="编辑章节:中華人民共和國成立后"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1949年10月1日,中華人民共和國成立。 </p><p>周作人搬回北京<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AB%E9%81%93%E7%81%A3&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="八道灣(页面不存在)">八道灣</a>的老房子,專心翻譯和寫作,以稿費維持生計。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="上書毛泽东"><span id=".E4.B8.8A.E6.9B.B8.E6.AF.9B.E6.B3.BD.E4.B8.9C"></span>上書毛泽东</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="编辑章节:上書毛泽东"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>周作人在1951年給毛寫信,毛的秘書<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%96%AC%E6%9C%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="胡喬木">胡喬木</a>1951年2月24日给毛泽东書面報告说:“周作人写了一封长信给你,辩白自己,要求不要没收他的房屋,不当他是汉奸。”“我的意见是:他应当彻底认错,像李季一样在报纸上悔过。他的房屋可另行解决(事实上北京地方法院也并未准备把他赶走)。他现已在翻译欧洲古典文学,领取稿费为生,以后仍可在这方面做些工作。<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%89%AC_(%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9)" title="周扬 (政治人物)">周扬</a>亦同此意。当否请示。”毛澤東批了:“照办。”<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="翻譯"><span id=".E7.BF.BB.E8.AD.AF"></span>翻譯</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="编辑章节:翻譯"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>周作人從1952年8月起出任<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="北京">北京</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE" title="人民文学出版社">人民文学出版社</a>編制外特約譯者,每月預支稿費200元人民幣,按月交稿。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E5%8F%B3%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" class="mw-redirect" title="反右運動">反右運動</a>中,在北京圖書館工作的兒子<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E8%B1%90%E4%B8%80&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="周豐一(页面不存在)">周豐一</a>被劃為<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B3%E6%B4%BE" title="右派">右派</a>,停發工資,讓他的經濟負擔大增,只好給中央領導人寫信。 </p><p>在<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E7%94%9F" title="康生">康生</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%89%AC" class="mw-disambig" title="周扬">周揚</a>的过问下,稿费從1960年1月起,調高到每月400元人民幣。 </p><p>1964年9月起<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%B8%85%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="四清运动">社会主义教育运动</a>进入高潮,其稿费又減半至每月200元人民幣,當時他的妻子羽太信子已去世。 </p><p>這段期間,他翻译日本古典文学和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" title="古希腊文学">古希臘文學</a>作品多部,同時應邀校訂別人的譯稿(《<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%8A%E6%98%94%E7%89%A9%E8%AA%9E%E9%9B%86" title="今昔物語集">今昔物語集</a>》、《<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%90%E6%B0%8F%E7%89%A9%E8%AA%9E" title="源氏物語">源氏物語</a>》等),日本現代文學譯作有:《<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%B7%9D%E5%95%84%E6%9C%A8" title="石川啄木">石川啄木</a>詩歌集》等。 </p><p>有些沒有結集的日本文學中短篇譯作散見中國和<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">香港</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%B3%E5%AA%92" class="mw-redirect" title="傳媒">傳媒</a>。 </p><p>他每個月開銷頗大,在寫給<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">香港</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B9%E8%81%9A%E4%BB%81" title="曹聚仁">曹聚仁</a>的信件裡面曾說:「人民文学社派人来说,每月需用若干。事实上同<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%BE%E9%A2%89%E5%88%9A" title="顾颉刚">顾颉刚</a>一样,需要五百一月,但是不好要得太多,所以只说四百。以后就照数付给」。「因为负担太重太多,所以支出太巨,每月要不足百元以上,这是我拮据之实情。」 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="寫作"><span id=".E5.AF.AB.E4.BD.9C"></span>寫作</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="编辑章节:寫作"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>回憶魯迅的專書著作有:《魯迅的故家》《魯迅小說裡的人物》《魯迅的青年時代》。 </p><p>在報刊發表散文隨筆,后輯成《木片集》。 </p><p>經<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B9%E8%81%9A%E4%BB%81" title="曹聚仁">曹聚仁</a>介紹,在<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">香港</a>傳媒連載回憶錄《知堂回想錄》,后结集出版。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="文革期間"><span id=".E6.96.87.E9.9D.A9.E6.9C.9F.E9.96.93"></span>文革期間</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="编辑章节:文革期間"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1966年5月,中国大陆“<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%A4%A7%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="文化大革命">文化大革命</a>”開始。6月起,<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE" title="人民文学出版社">人民文學出版社</a>不再給周作人預付稿費。8月24日,北京“<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E5%85%AB%E6%9C%88" title="红八月">红八月</a>”期间,他被<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E5%8D%AB%E5%85%B5" title="红卫兵">红卫兵</a>拉到<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E9%81%93%E6%B9%BE%E8%83%A1%E5%90%8C" title="八道湾胡同">八道湾</a>家里院中大<a href="/wiki/%E6%A6%86%E6%A0%91" title="榆树">榆树</a>下,被皮鞭、棍子抽打,遭到<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%B9%E6%96%97" class="mw-redirect" title="批斗">批斗</a>,家也被查封<sup id="cite_ref-:45_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:45-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:44_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:44-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。其后周作人两次写了短文让儿媳张菼芳交给当地派出所,以求服用<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E7%9C%A0%E8%8D%AF" title="安眠药">安眠药</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E4%B9%90%E6%AD%BB" title="安乐死">安乐死</a>,都无音信<sup id="cite_ref-:45_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:45-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:44_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:44-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>1967年5月6日,周作人发病去世,享壽82岁<sup id="cite_ref-:45_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:45-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:44_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:44-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="家庭"><span id=".E5.AE.B6.E5.BA.AD"></span>家庭</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="编辑章节:家庭"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>周氏家族在明朝<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E5%BE%B7" title="正德">正德</a>年间定居绍兴,到周作人这一代已是第14代。祖父<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E7%A6%8F%E6%B8%85" title="周福清">周福清</a>,字介孚,<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%9B%E5%A3%AB" title="进士">进士</a>出身。父周凤仪,母鲁瑞。长兄樟寿(周树人、鲁迅),三弟松寿(<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E5%BB%BA%E4%BA%BA" title="周建人">周建人</a>),妹端姑未满周岁即夭折,四弟椿寿六岁夭折。<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>周作人在日本娶了所寄居公寓做工的<b>羽太信子</b>为妻(1909年在東京結婚)。 </p><p>生子<b>周豐一</b>(1997年病逝),女兒<b>周靜子</b>,1929年夭折的女兒<b>周若子</b>。 </p><p>周豐一在中華人民共和國成立后,到<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%B8%E9%A4%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="北京圖書館">北京圖書館</a>(現在的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%B8%E9%A4%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="中國國家圖書館">中國國家圖書館</a>)工作。 </p><p>周豐一與其妻<b>張菼芳</b>照顧周作人度過晚年。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="成就"><span id=".E6.88.90.E5.B0.B1"></span>成就</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="编辑章节:成就"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="散文"><span id=".E6.95.A3.E6.96.87"></span>散文</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="编辑章节:散文"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>他主張「美文」及「言志文學」,風格平和沖淡,富幽默感,深具哲理,常援引詩文,有點田園詩人悠閒自得的情態,也有點隱逸與古雅的封建<a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%AB%E5%A4%A7%E5%A4%AB" title="士大夫">士大夫</a>的風味,號稱真正的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%B1%E5%A3%AB" title="隱士">隱士</a>。他在初期的散文集《自己的園地》和《雨天的書》,流露出一些現代人感情和思想,對現實和封建文化的不滿,以後提倡「言志」的趣味文學。<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE方韶毅201113-21_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE方韶毅201113-21-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> 周作人最主要的成就是散文小品的创作,创造了一种独特的、成熟的散文风格——“平和、冲淡”,对后世的散文创作产生了深刻的影响。1920年代,周作人的散文曾风靡一时,并迅速形成一大流派:“言志派”。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="翻譯_2"><span id=".E7.BF.BB.E8.AD.AF_2"></span>翻譯</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="编辑章节:翻譯"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>周作人精通<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="日語">日語</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="古希臘語">古希臘語</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="英語">英語</a>,並曾自學<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="古英語">古英語</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%AF%AD" title="世界语">世界语</a>。早在日本留学期间,就与鲁迅合作翻译出版《域外小说集》。<sup id="cite_ref-钱理群_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-钱理群-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE方韶毅201113-21_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE方韶毅201113-21-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A2%E9%BB%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="中國共產黨">中國共產黨</a>成立<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="中華人民共和國">中華人民共和國</a>後,周作人受到<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%9D%E5%A5%AA%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E6%AC%8A%E5%88%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="剝奪政治權利">剝奪政治權利</a>(1953年12月19日人民法院判決)的處分,在北京的家裡專事翻譯和寫作,但不允许以本名出版。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="中華人民共和國">中華人民共和國</a>交給他翻譯希臘古典文學和日本古典文學這項任務(<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%96%AC%E6%9C%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="胡喬木">胡喬木</a>提議,<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E6%BE%A4%E6%9D%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="毛澤東">毛澤東</a>批准),產生了一批高品質的<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" title="日本文学">日本文學</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" title="古希腊文学">古希臘文學</a>經典漢語譯本。 </p><p>包括古希臘喜劇《財神》(<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E8%8A%AC" title="阿里斯托芬">阿里斯托芬</a>作)、《<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E7%A5%9E%E8%A9%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="希臘神話">希臘神話</a>》、《<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E7%B4%A2%E5%AF%93%E8%A8%80" title="伊索寓言">伊索寓言</a>》全譯本、古希臘悲劇《<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E9%87%8C%E5%BA%87%E5%BE%97%E6%96%AF" title="欧里庇得斯">歐里庇得斯</a>悲劇集》(與<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E5%BF%B5%E7%94%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="羅念生">羅念生</a>合作翻譯);<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>現存最古的史書《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E4%BA%8B%E8%A8%98" title="古事記">古事記</a>》、滑稽短劇《<a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%82%E8%A8%80" title="狂言">狂言</a>選》、平安时代隨筆代表作《<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%95%E8%8D%89%E5%AD%90" title="枕草子">枕草子</a>》、滑稽本《浮世澡堂》(日文《浮世風呂》)和《<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%AE%E4%B8%96%E7%90%86%E9%AB%AE%E9%A4%A8" title="浮世理髮館">浮世理髮館</a>》等。他應邀校訂<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E7%BF%BB%E8%AD%AF%E7%A4%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="北京翻譯社(页面不存在)">北京翻譯社</a>的《<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%8A%E6%98%94%E7%89%A9%E8%AA%9E%E9%9B%86" title="今昔物語集">今昔物語集</a>》本朝部譯稿和<a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%90%E5%AD%90%E6%84%B7" title="豐子愷">豐子愷</a>的《<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%90%E6%B0%8F%E7%89%A9%E8%AA%9E" title="源氏物語">源氏物語</a>》全部譯稿(與<a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%A2%E7%A8%BB%E5%AD%AB" title="錢稻孫">錢稻孫</a>合作)。 </p><p>他自己覺得畢生最重要,也最有成就感的譯作是用<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="古希臘語">古希臘語</a>(和<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="羅馬帝國">羅馬帝國</a>希臘化地區當時流行的新約希臘語、<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E8%AA%9E" title="通用希臘語">通用希臘語</a>不同)寫作的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="古羅馬">古羅馬</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%98%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="敘利亞">敘利亞</a>作家、哲學家<a href="/wiki/%E7%90%89%E5%96%84" title="琉善">路吉阿諾斯</a>的作品選《路吉阿諾斯對話集》。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="魯迅研究"><span id=".E9.AD.AF.E8.BF.85.E7.A0.94.E7.A9.B6"></span>魯迅研究</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="编辑章节:魯迅研究"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>中華人民共和國成立後,他另一貢獻是撰寫《魯迅的故家》《魯迅的青年時代》《魯迅小說裡的人物》這些回忆性文章,为鲁迅研究提供了许多珍贵的第一手史料。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="杂学"><span id=".E6.9D.82.E5.AD.A6"></span>杂学</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20" title="编辑章节:杂学"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>除了文学创作及翻译,周作人的研究涉及到了多个领域。在《我的杂学》中他提到了他所受到的杂学的影响。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="著作和译著"><span id=".E8.91.97.E4.BD.9C.E5.92.8C.E8.AF.91.E8.91.97"></span>著作和译著</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21" title="编辑章节:著作和译著"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84318674">@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-div{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-div mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="padding: 4px; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1); text-align: center; font-size: 95%; color: inherit;"> <div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color collapsible-title" style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background-color: #ccf; color: var(--color-emphasized,#000); width: 100%; position: relative; ;">著作<span style="position: absolute; top: 0; right: 3px;"><span class="mw-collapsible-toggle-placeholder"></span></span> </div> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;"> <ul><li>周作人在世时自己编订的文集,大部分在生前已出版,现已由<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8C%97%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE" title="河北教育出版社">河北教育出版社</a>结集再版:</li></ul> <p>《秉烛谈》《艺术与生活》《泽泻集》《过去的生命》《风雨谈》《苦茶随笔》《儿童文学小论》《中国新文学的源流》《秉烛后谈》《知堂乙酉文编》《鲁迅小说里的人物》《知堂回想录(上、下)》《<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E5%B7%B1%E7%9A%84%E5%9B%AD%E5%9C%B0" title="自己的园地">自己的园地</a>》《夜读抄》《雨天的书》《药堂杂文》《过去的工作》《立春以前》《鲁迅的故家》《永日集》《看云集》《苦口甘口》《苦竹杂记》《谈龙集》《谈虎集》《书房一角》《药堂语录》《周作人书信》《木片集》《苦雨斋序跋文》《鲁迅的青年时代》《欧洲文学史》《知堂文集》《瓜豆集》《药味集》《老虎桥杂诗》。 </p> <ul><li>《周作人文类编》(共十卷),湖南文艺出版社1998年出版,<a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787540418854" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-7-5404-1885-4</a>,钟叔河编,共收文2954篇,包括:自编文集二十八种(约一千二百篇)、已编成未及出版的《木片集》和《饭后随笔》(四百馀篇)、集外文和未刊稿一千三百馀篇,按文章内容重新分类。</li></ul> <ul><li>《周作人散文全集》(共十五卷),广西师范大学出版社2009年出版,<a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787563382958" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-7-5633-8295-8</a>,钟叔河编,收录周作人全部散文及部分日记、诗歌、书信、序跋、译文,涵括《周作人文类编》及《周作人自编文集》的全部内容,还有集外文及未刊稿,采用编年体形式辑录。</li></ul> <ul><li>《周作人日记》上中下三册,1996大象出版社</li></ul> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84318674"><div class="hidden-div mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="padding: 4px; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1); text-align: center; font-size: 95%; color: inherit;"> <div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color collapsible-title" style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background-color: #ccf; color: var(--color-emphasized,#000); width: 100%; position: relative; ;">譯著<span style="position: absolute; top: 0; right: 3px;"><span class="mw-collapsible-toggle-placeholder"></span></span> </div> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;"> <p>《周作人译文全集》(共十二卷),上海人民出版社2019年出版。第一至五卷为古希腊文译作;第六至九卷为日文译作;第十至十一卷主要为英文及世界语译作。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="古希臘語"><span id=".E5.8F.A4.E5.B8.8C.E8.87.98.E8.AA.9E"></span>古希臘語</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=22" title="编辑章节:古希臘語"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>《路吉阿諾斯對話集》</li> <li>《希臘擬曲》</li> <li>《財神》(<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A%E5%96%9C%E5%89%A7" title="古希腊喜剧">古希臘喜劇</a>)</li> <li>《希臘神話》</li> <li>《伊索寓言》(全譯本)</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E9%87%8C%E5%BA%87%E5%BE%97%E6%96%AF" title="欧里庇得斯">歐里庇得斯</a>悲劇集》(與<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E5%BF%B5%E7%94%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="羅念生">羅念生</a>合作,古希臘悲劇)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="日本語"><span id=".E6.97.A5.E6.9C.AC.E8.AA.9E"></span>日本語</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=23" title="编辑章节:日本語"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>《古事記》</li> <li>《狂言選》</li> <li>《枕草子》</li> <li>《浮世澡堂》(日本語《浮世風呂》)</li> <li>《浮世理髮館》(日本語《浮世床》)</li> <li>《現代日本小說集》(與<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E8%BF%85" class="mw-redirect" title="魯迅">魯迅</a>合作)</li> <li>《如夢記》</li> <li>《石川啄木詩歌集》</li> <li>《兩條血痕》</li> <li>《平家物语》 (未译完)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="英語"><span id=".E8.8B.B1.E8.AA.9E"></span>英語</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=24" title="编辑章节:英語"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>《域外小說集》(與魯迅合作)</li> <li>《紅星佚史》</li> <li>《現代小說譯叢》(與<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E8%BF%85" class="mw-redirect" title="魯迅">魯迅</a>合作)</li> <li>《希腊的神与英雄》</li></ul> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="評價"><span id=".E8.A9.95.E5.83.B9"></span>評價</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=25" title="编辑章节:評價"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%92%E8%8A%9C" title="舒芜">舒芜</a>说:“周作人是中国<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="新文化运动">新文学</a>新文化史上一个巨大的存在,又是个复杂的历史人物。早在清朝末年,周树人、周作人兄弟留学日本的时候,就从事新文学工作,倡导新文学运动,成了后来的‘五四’新文学运动的遥遥先驱。‘五四’新文学运动起来,他们都成为第一流的代表人物。周作人的名字,曾经是青年心目中一个辉煌的名字。” </p><p>关于周作人的文学成就——<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%AD%E6%8C%AF%E9%90%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="鄭振鐸">鄭振鐸</a>說:“假如我們說,五四以來的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="中國文學">中國文學</a>有什麽成就,無疑的,我們應該說,魯迅先生和他,是兩個顛撲不破的巨石重陣;沒有了他們,新文學史上便要黯然失光。” </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%81%E9%81%94%E5%A4%AB" title="郁達夫">郁達夫</a>說:“中國現代散文的成績,以魯迅、周作人兩人的爲最豐富最偉大,我平時的偏嗜,亦以此二人的散文爲最所溺愛。一經開選,如竊賊入了阿拉伯的寶庫,東張西望,簡直迷了我取去的判斷。” </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E4%B8%AD%E8%A1%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="張中行">張中行</a>說:“我由上學時期讀新文學作品起,其後若干年,常聽人說,我自己也承認,散文,最上乘的是周氏弟兄,一剛勁,一沖淡,平分了天下,這不是吹捧,有一微末的事可以爲證,是不管不署名還是署生僻的筆名,熟悉的人看三行兩行就可以斷定:這是魯迅,這是周作人。這情況,輕一些說是他們有了自己的獨有的風格,重一些說是別人辦不了。別人辦不了,也許就可以說是高不可及。” </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%92%E8%8A%9C" title="舒芜">舒芜</a>说:“他最早是作为翻译家出现,他的翻译工作,首先是一种启蒙工作,求新声于异邦的工作。他是<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="北京大学">北京大学</a>第一个讲欧洲文学史的教授。他还写了大量的介绍外国作家作品,输入外国文学与理论知识的文章。接着他又作为文艺理论家批评家出名。他的名文《人的文学》,第一次给中国新文学运动制定了一个民主的人道的思想纲领,启发了一代两代的文学青年。接着他第一个提出了‘思想革命’的口号,为文学革命提出进一步的目标。他呼吁人的发现,女性的发现,儿童的发现,他提倡宽容和自由,反对束缚和统制。他又是最初的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%AF%97" class="mw-redirect" title="新诗">新诗</a>人之一,他的长诗《小河》被推为中国<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%AF%97" class="mw-redirect" title="新诗">新诗</a>运动史上一个新的里程碑。周作人后来把写作的重点转向<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E5%93%81%E6%96%87" title="小品文">小品文</a>,他对<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="新文化运动">新文学</a>新文化史的最重要的贡献是在这一方面,他的冲淡隽永,苦涩回甘的小品文,极尽“阴柔”之美,与<a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E8%BF%85" title="鲁迅">鲁迅</a>的极尽“阳刚”之美的杂文,两峰对峙,双水分流,代表中国新文学的最高成就。” </p><p>在鲁迅晚年与美国<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E5%BE%B7%E5%8A%A0%C2%B7%E5%8F%B2%E8%AB%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="愛德加·史諾">愛德加·史諾</a>夫人的谈话记录稿中,<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="海倫·福斯特·史諾" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Helen Foster Snow"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B7%E5%80%AB%C2%B7%E7%A6%8F%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%8F%B2%E8%AB%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="海倫·福斯特·史諾(页面不存在)">史諾夫人</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Foster_Snow" class="extiw" title="en:Helen Foster Snow"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Helen Foster Snow</span></a></span>)</span></span>问中国最优秀的杂文家有哪些,鲁迅说出的第一个就是周作人。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E4%B9%8B%E8%97%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="陈之藩">陈之藩</a>在《在春风里·纪念适之先生之八》一文中写道:“胡先生(指胡适)对周作人的偏爱,是著名的。他不止一次的跟我说:‘到现在值得一看的,只有周作人的东西了’。他在晚年是尽量搜集周作人的东西。” </p><p>关于周作人的学识——<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E4%B8%AD%E8%A1%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="張中行">張中行</a>說:“在我熟識的一些前輩裏,讀書的數量之多,內容之雜,他恐怕要派在第一位。多到什麽程度,詳說確說,他以外的人做不到。但可以舉一事爲例,他說他喜歡涉覽筆記,中國的,他幾乎都看過。如他的文集所提到,絕大多數是偏僻罕爲人知的,只此一類,也可見數量是如何大。何況還有雜,雜到不只古今,還有中外。他通日語、英語和希臘語,據我所知,他之熟悉日文典籍,似乎不下於中文典籍。英語呢,專說他常提到的<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E7%BB%B4%E6%B4%9B%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E5%88%A9%E6%96%AF" title="哈维洛克·艾利斯">藹理斯</a>,他自己說有<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E7%BB%B4%E6%B4%9B%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E5%88%A9%E6%96%AF" title="哈维洛克·艾利斯">藹氏</a>書二十六冊,加上向我借閱的《藹理斯自傳》,是二十七冊,其中最大的一種是《性心理研究》<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,連補編共七厚冊,總不少於三百萬字吧,他都讀了……還喜歡讀一些正統儒生不大注意的書,如《<a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8A%E6%B0%91%E8%A6%81%E8%A1%93" title="齊民要術">齊民要術</a>》《<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%B7%A5%E9%96%8B%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="天工開物">天工開物</a>》《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E8%8D%89%E6%9C%A8%E7%8A%B6" title="南方草木状">南方草木狀</a>》《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%87%95%E4%BA%AC%E6%AD%B2%E6%99%82%E8%A8%98&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="燕京歲時記(页面不存在)">燕京歲時記</a>》以及謠諺、笑話之類。總而言之,還是無所不讀。” </p><p>黄乔生说:“周氏少时接受旧学训练,颇涉野史笔记,自述由杂学入门。后步长兄树人(鲁迅)后尘,求学南京,留学日本,得异域文化熏陶,参较中西,遂淹博贯通。此可谓由杂而一。五四时代,本思想启蒙之旨于神话学、民俗学、生物学、性心理学等东西洋著述,多所译介,于中国思想革命及新学科之创立,功不可没。此可谓由一而杂。此后转而广览中国古代笔记,提要勾玄,披沙拣金,用功甚勤。推崇平实态度,讲伦理准乎自然,论道义力避空谈。己所不欲,勿施于人。因同情而宽容,不责备于古人,惟佳言之务得,思有惠于后学。常述先贤通达之论,公诸同好,其为书话,蔚成大观。此乃由复杂归于一。” </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E6%BD%94%E8%8B%A5" title="文潔若">文潔若</a>說:“周作人爲<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="人民文學出版社">人民文學出版社</a>譯的日本古典作品,從八世紀初的《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E4%BA%8B%E8%A8%98" title="古事記">古事記</a>》、十一世紀的女官<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%B0%91%E7%B4%8D%E8%A8%80" title="清少納言">清少納言</a>的隨筆《<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%95%E8%8D%89%E5%AD%90" title="枕草子">枕草子</a>》、十三世紀的《<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E5%AE%B6%E7%89%A9%E8%AF%AD" title="平家物语">平家物語</a>》、十四世紀的《日本狂言選》、十八世紀的《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%AE%E4%B8%96%E6%BE%A1%E5%A0%82&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="浮世澡堂(页面不存在)">浮世澡堂</a>》和《<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%AE%E4%B8%96%E7%90%86%E9%AB%AE%E9%A4%A8" title="浮世理髮館">浮世理髮館</a>》,以至本世紀的《<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%B7%9D%E5%95%84%E6%9C%A8" title="石川啄木">石川啄木</a>詩歌集》,時間跨度達一千多年。每一部作品他譯起來都揮灑自如,與原作不走樣。最難能可貴的是,不論是哪個時代的作品,他都能夠從我國豐富的語彙中找到合適的字眼加以表達。這充分說明他中外文學造詣之深……每部譯稿,他必加上詳細的注釋,並在前言後記中交代作者生平、作者的歷史背景、藝術特色等。他立論精闢,提綱挈領,深入淺出,恰到好處。”<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>林燕说:“周氏所译,往往是他人很少光顾的作品。这大概不是为了独辟蹊径,而是一个眼光问题。” </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考來源"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E4.BE.86.E6.BA.90"></span>参考來源</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=26" title="编辑章节:参考來源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>文献</dt></dl> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREF方韶毅2011"><cite id="CITEREF方韶毅2011" class="citation book">方韶毅. 《民國文化隱著錄》. 臺北: 秀威資訊. 2011年7月. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-9-86-221758-0" title="Special:网络书源/978-9-86-221758-0"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;978-9-86-221758-0</a> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文网页">(中文)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;rft.au=%E6%96%B9%E9%9F%B6%E6%AF%85&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E9%9A%B1%E8%91%97%E9%8C%84%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2011-07&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-9-86-221758-0&amp;rft.place=%E8%87%BA%E5%8C%97&amp;rft.pub=%E7%A7%80%E5%A8%81%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></cite></li></ul> <dl><dt>引用</dt></dl> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-钱理群-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-钱理群_1-0"><sup><b>1.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-钱理群_1-1"><sup><b>1.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">钱理群. 周作人传. 北京十月文艺出版社. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787530201756" title="Special:网络书源/9787530201756"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;9787530201756</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;rft.au=%E9%92%B1%E7%90%86%E7%BE%A4&amp;rft.btitle=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA%E4%BC%A0&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9787530201756&amp;rft.pub=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%8D%81%E6%9C%88%E6%96%87%E8%89%BA%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">止庵. 周作人传. 山东画报出版社. 2009: 8. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787807136866" title="Special:网络书源/9787807136866"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;9787807136866</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;rft.au=%E6%AD%A2%E5%BA%B5&amp;rft.btitle=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA%E4%BC%A0&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9787807136866&amp;rft.pages=8&amp;rft.pub=%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%9C%E7%94%BB%E6%8A%A5%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-知堂回想录-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-知堂回想录_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">周作人. 知堂回想录. 河北教育出版社. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787543444003" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-7-5434-4400-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;rft.au=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;rft.btitle=%E7%9F%A5%E5%A0%82%E5%9B%9E%E6%83%B3%E5%BD%95&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pub=%E6%B2%B3%E5%8C%97%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《关于周作人的一点史料——他与李大钊的一家》贾芝(载《新文学史料》1983年4期)贾芝,學者,是李大釗的女婿</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">龔育之《毛选注释上的周作人》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:45-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:45_6-0"><sup><b>6.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:45_6-1"><sup><b>6.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:45_6-2"><sup><b>6.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">张高杰. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://paper.people.com.cn/rmwz/html/2011-03/01/content_795619.htm?div=-1">走出监狱的周作人(摘自《知识分子在1949》)</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E7%BD%91" title="人民网">人民网</a>. 《人民文摘》(<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE" title="人民出版社">人民出版社</a>). 2011年第3期. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240429050241/http://paper.people.com.cn/rmwz/html/2011-03/01/content_795619.htm?div=-1">存档</a>于2024-04-29) <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文网页">(中文)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E8%B5%B0%E5%87%BA%E7%9B%91%E7%8B%B1%E7%9A%84%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA%EF%BC%88%E6%91%98%E8%87%AA%E3%80%8A%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E5%9C%A81949%E3%80%8B%EF%BC%89&amp;rft.au=%E5%BC%A0%E9%AB%98%E6%9D%B0&amp;rft.chron=2011%E5%B9%B4%E7%AC%AC3%E6%9C%9F&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E7%BD%91&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpaper.people.com.cn%2Frmwz%2Fhtml%2F2011-03%2F01%2Fcontent_795619.htm%3Fdiv%3D-1&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">请检查<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;date=</code>中的日期值 (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#bad_date" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:44-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:44_7-0"><sup><b>7.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:44_7-1"><sup><b>7.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:44_7-2"><sup><b>7.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://phtv.ifeng.com/program/fhdsy/detail_2012_05/05/14336191_3.shtml">周作人反对鲁迅偶像化 文革中恳请“安乐死”</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E5%87%A4%E5%87%B0%E7%BD%91" class="mw-redirect" title="凤凰网">凤凰网</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E5%87%A4%E5%87%B0%E5%8D%AB%E8%A7%86" title="凤凰卫视">凤凰卫视</a>. 2012-05-05. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240429043317/https://phtv.ifeng.com/program/fhdsy/detail_2012_05/05/14336191_3.shtml">存档</a>于2024-04-29) <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文网页">(中文)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%8D%E5%AF%B9%E9%B2%81%E8%BF%85%E5%81%B6%E5%83%8F%E5%8C%96+%E6%96%87%E9%9D%A9%E4%B8%AD%E6%81%B3%E8%AF%B7%E2%80%9C%E5%AE%89%E4%B9%90%E6%AD%BB%E2%80%9D&amp;rft.date=2012-05-05&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=%E5%87%A4%E5%87%B0%E7%BD%91&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fphtv.ifeng.com%2Fprogram%2Ffhdsy%2Fdetail_2012_05%2F05%2F14336191_3.shtml&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">止庵. 周作人传.&#160;: 2.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;rft.au=%E6%AD%A2%E5%BA%B5&amp;rft.btitle=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA%E4%BC%A0&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pages=2&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE方韶毅201113-21-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE方韶毅201113-21_9-0"><sup><b>9.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE方韶毅201113-21_9-1"><sup><b>9.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREF方韶毅2011">方韶毅 2011</a>,第13-21頁.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn模板錯誤: 無指向目標: CITEREF方韶毅2011 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E5%93%88%E4%BD%9B%E5%8F%82%E8%80%83%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5%E6%8C%87%E5%90%91%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:含有哈佛参考文献格式系列模板链接指向错误的页面">幫助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/13610">Studies in the Psychology of Sex, by Havelock Ellis</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2011-12-15</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201225203419/http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/13610">存档</a>于2020-12-25).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;rft.btitle=Studies+in+the+Psychology+of+Sex%2C+by+Havelock+Ellis&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gutenberg.org%2Febooks%2F13610&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">文洁若. 回望周作人——知堂先生. 河南大学出版社.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;rft.au=%E6%96%87%E6%B4%81%E8%8B%A5&amp;rft.btitle=%E5%9B%9E%E6%9C%9B%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E7%9F%A5%E5%A0%82%E5%85%88%E7%94%9F&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pub=%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="研究書目"><span id=".E7.A0.94.E7.A9.B6.E6.9B.B8.E7.9B.AE"></span>研究書目</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=27" title="编辑章节:研究書目"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>D. Edward Pollard著,陳廣宏譯:《一個中國人的文學觀——周作人的文藝思想》(上海:復旦大學出版社,2001)。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=28" title="编辑章节:外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83112147">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>周作人</b>在维基百科的<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93%E5%A7%8A%E5%A6%B9%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE" title="Wikipedia:维基媒体姊妹项目"><span id="sister-projects">姊妹项目</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link">维基词典上的<a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/周作人">字词解释</a></span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link">维基共享资源上的<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Zhou_Zuoren" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Zhou Zuoren">多媒体资源</a></span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link">维基新闻上的<a href="https://zh.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA" class="extiw" title="n:Special:Search/周作人">新闻</a></span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link">维基语录上的<a href="https://zh.wikiquote.org/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA" class="extiw" title="q:周作人">名言</a></span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link">维基文库上的<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA" class="extiw" title="s:Author:周作人">原始文献</a></span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link">维基教科书上的<a href="https://zh.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/周作人">教科书和手册</a></span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link">维基学院上的<a href="https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/%E5%91%A8%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/周作人">学习资源</a></span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/27px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/41px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/54px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link">维基数据上的<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198051" class="extiw" title="d:Q198051">数据项</a></span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li>王宏志:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cuhk.edu.hk/ics/journal/articles/v46p367.pdf">《「人的文學」之「哀弦篇」:論周作人與〈域外小說集〉》</a>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201123004459/http://www.cuhk.edu.hk/ics/journal/articles/v46p367.pdf">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)。</li> <li>周昌龍:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccsdb.ncl.edu.tw/ccs/image/01_009_001_01_11.pdf">《傳統禮治秩序與五四反禮教思潮──以周作人為例之研究》</a>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201221014838/http://ccsdb.ncl.edu.tw/ccs/image/01_009_001_01_11.pdf">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)。</li> <li>张旭东:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=29314849">《散文与社会个体性的创造——论周作人30年代小品文写作的审美政治》</a>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201225203413/http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=29314849">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)。</li> <li>陈怀宇:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=31643068">《赫尔德与周作人——民俗学与民族性》</a>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201225203436/http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=31643068">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)。</li> <li>小川利康:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=669808769">《周作人与小诗运动》</a>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201225203427/http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=669808769">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)。</li> <li>小川利康:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=663377868">《周氏兄弟的散文诗——以波特来尔的影响为中心》</a>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180217203016/http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=663377868">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)。</li> <li>小川利康:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=38358857">《论周作人《老虎桥杂诗》——从白话诗到杂诗之路》</a>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201225203435/http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=38358857">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)。</li> <li>小川利康:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nssd.org/articles/Article_Read.aspx?id=672236712">《周氏兄弟与大逆事件》</a>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201225204556/http://www.nssd.org/articles/Article_Read.aspx?id=672236712">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)。</li> <li>小川利康:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=669541795">《周氏兄弟与东京——兄弟之间的文化体验差异》</a>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201225203510/http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=669541795">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)。</li> <li>小川利康:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=668731598">《周作人与江户川柳——作为反礼教主义的猥亵论》</a>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201225203557/http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=668731598">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)。</li> <li>伊藤德也:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nssd.org/articles/Article_Read.aspx?id=46185725">《与耽美派相对立的颓废派——1923年的周作人和徐志摩、陈源》</a>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201225203533/http://www.nssd.org/articles/Article_Read.aspx?id=46185725">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)。</li> <li>伊藤德也:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=671906056">《周作人“人间”用语的使用及其多义性》</a>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201225203526/http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=671906056">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)。</li> <li>伊藤德也:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=24554804">《“生活之艺术”的几个问题——参照周作人的“颓废”和伦理主体》</a>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201225203610/http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=24554804">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)。</li> <li>伊藤德也:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=1002931980">《周作人研究在日本》</a>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201225203526/http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=1002931980">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)。</li> <li>鸟谷真由美:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=20858780">《周作人与日本文化——以饮食文化为中心》</a>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201225203526/http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=20858780">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)。</li> <li>丸川哲史著,紀旭峰譯:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aisixiang.com/data/14660.html">《日中戰爭的文化空間——周作人與竹内好》</a>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201221014951/http://www.aisixiang.com/data/14660.html">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)(2006)</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box" style="width: auto; margin: 0.5em auto; font-size:95%; clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #DAA520;">學術機關職務 </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center; white-space:nowrap;"> <td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">前任:<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E9%87%8D%E6%B0%91" title="王重民">王重民</a></b><br /><small><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%8B%E5%8C%97%E5%B9%B3%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86" class="mw-redirect" title="国立北平图书馆">国立北平图书馆</a>馆长</small> </td> <td width="40%" style="text-align: center; white-space:nowrap;" rowspan="1"><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%8B%E5%8C%97%E5%B9%B3%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86" class="mw-redirect" title="国立北平图书馆">国立北京图书馆</a>馆长</b><br />1942年4月-1943年2月 </td> <td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">繼任:<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E5%BF%83%E6%B2%9B" title="张心沛">张心沛</a></b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86%E9%A6%86%E9%95%BF" title="Template:中国国家图书馆馆长"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86%E9%A6%86%E9%95%BF" title="Template talk:中国国家图书馆馆长"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86%E9%A6%86%E9%95%BF" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:中国国家图书馆馆长"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="中国国家图书馆馆长" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86" title="中国国家图书馆">中国国家图书馆</a>馆长</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">京师图书馆馆长<sub>(1909年-1912年)</sub></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%AA%E8%8D%83%E5%AD%99" title="缪荃孙">缪荃孙</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">国立京师图书馆馆长<sub>(1912年-1928年)</sub></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E7%80%9A" title="江瀚">江瀚</a> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E6%9B%BE%E4%BD%91" title="夏曾佑">夏曾佑</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%A2%81%E5%B8%8C%E6%BF%A4" title="袁希濤">袁希涛</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%82%85%E5%B6%BD%E6%A3%BB" title="傅嶽棻">傅嶽棻</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E7%AB%A0%E7%A5%9C" title="王章祜">王章祜</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%82%BB%E7%BF%BC" title="马邻翼">马邻翼</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E5%9E%A3" title="陈垣">陈垣</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%B4%B9%E6%B8%85" title="全紹清">全紹清</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%8F%99%E4%BC%A6" title="马叙伦">马叙伦</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E5%9B%BD%E6%B7%A6" title="张国淦">张国淦</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%82%85%E5%B6%BD%E6%A3%BB" title="傅嶽棻">傅嶽棻</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%8F%99%E4%BC%A6" title="马叙伦">马叙伦</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%91%82%E5%BE%A9_(%E6%B3%95%E5%AD%B8%E5%AE%B6)" title="呂復 (法學家)">呂復</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E4%BB%BB%E4%B8%AD" title="陈任中">陈任中</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E5%90%AF%E8%B6%85" title="梁启超">梁启超</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%83%AD%E5%AE%97%E7%86%99" title="郭宗熙">郭宗熙</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">国立北平图书馆馆长<sub>(1928年-1950年)</sub></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%8F%99%E4%BC%A6" title="马叙伦">马叙伦</a> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%94%A1%E5%85%83%E5%9F%B9" title="蔡元培">蔡元培</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%A2%81%E5%90%8C%E7%A6%AE" title="袁同禮">袁同禮</a>(代)</span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%A2%81%E5%90%8C%E7%A6%AE" title="袁同禮">袁同禮</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E9%87%8D%E6%B0%91" title="王重民">王重民</a>(代)</span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">国立北京图书馆馆长<sub>(1942年-1945年)</sub></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">周作人</a> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E5%BF%83%E6%B2%9B" title="张心沛">张心沛</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AF%E8%80%80%E6%9C%88" title="景耀月">景耀月</a>(代)</span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9E%E5%AE%B6%E9%AA%A5" title="俞家骥">俞家骥</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E7%85%9C%E5%85%A8" title="张煜全">张煜全</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">国立北京图书馆馆长<sub>(1950年-1951年)</sub></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E9%87%8D%E6%B0%91" title="王重民">王重民</a>(代)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">北京图书馆馆长<sub>(1951年-1998年)</sub></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E9%87%8D%E6%B0%91" title="王重民">王重民</a>(代) <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%86%AF%E4%BB%B2%E4%BA%91" title="冯仲云">冯仲云</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%81%E8%A5%BF%E6%9E%97" title="丁西林">丁西林</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E5%AD%A3%E5%B9%B3" title="刘季平">刘季平</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%BB%E7%BB%A7%E6%84%88" title="任继愈">任继愈</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">中国国家图书馆馆长<sub>(1998年至今)</sub></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%BB%E7%BB%A7%E6%84%88" title="任继愈">任继愈</a> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E7%A6%8F%E7%91%9E" title="詹福瑞">詹福瑞</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3_(1949%E5%B9%B4)" title="周和平 (1949年)">周和平</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%B8%E8%BF%9B" title="韩永进">韩永进</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%A5%B6%E6%9D%83" title="饶权">饶权</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%86%8A%E8%BF%9C%E6%98%8E" title="熊远明">熊远明</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="中国近现代文学流派和社团" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #127436; color: #ffffff;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%BF%91%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" title="Template:中国近现代文学"><abbr title="查看该模板" style="color: #ffffff">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%BF%91%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" title="Template talk:中国近现代文学"><abbr title="讨论该模板" style="color: #ffffff">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%BF%91%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:中国近现代文学"><abbr title="编辑该模板" style="color: #ffffff">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="中国近现代文学流派和社团" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">中国近现代文学流派和社团</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";background: #8fd6a6; color: #000000;"><div id="文学流派" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">文学流派</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #8fd6a6; color: #000000;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E5%AF%85_(%E6%9D%82%E5%BF%97)" title="甲寅 (杂志)">甲寅派</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">前期</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%A0%E5%A3%AB%E9%87%97" title="章士釗">章士釗</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%A4%A7%E9%92%8A" title="李大钊">李大钊</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E4%B8%80%E6%B6%B5" title="高一涵">高一涵</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%89%91%E5%86%9C" title="李剑农">李剑农</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">后期</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%A0%E5%A3%AB%E9%87%97" title="章士釗">章士釗</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%9E%BF%E5%85%8C%E4%B9%8B" title="瞿兌之">瞿宣颖</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A2%81%E5%AE%B6%E4%B9%89&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="梁家义(页面不存在)">梁家义</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%94%90%E5%BA%86%E5%A2%9E&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="唐庆增(页面不存在)">唐庆增</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%AA%E5%90%9F%E9%BE%99" title="汪吟龙">汪吟龙</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%88%E7%AD%85%E6%9E%A2&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="陈筅枢(页面不存在)">陈筅枢</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%A8%E5%AE%9A%E8%A5%84&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="杨定襄(页面不存在)">杨定襄</a><span 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title="胡汝麟(页面不存在)">胡汝麟</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&amp;#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&amp;#125;--&amp;#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&amp;#125;-_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198051#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" 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<ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/97004512">挪威</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb134751753">法国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb134751753">BnF data</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://metadata.ncl.edu.tw/blstkmc/blst2ndtp?PAGE=authorDetail&amp;authCode=AC000207903">台湾</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118942166">德国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007259737305171">以色列</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opac.calis.edu.cn/aopac/ajsp/detail.jsp?actionfrom=1&amp;actl=CAL++n2004409123">CALIS</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cbdb.fas.harvard.edu/cbdbapi/person.php?id=0124333">CBDB</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.library.sh.cn/entity/person/gnns75ump2l2m73z.html">SHL</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newarchive.ihp.sinica.edu.tw/sncaccgi/sncacFtp?ACTION=TQ,sncacFtpqf,SN=014095,2nd,search_simple">Sinica</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1328926">Trove</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hkcan.julac.org/authorities/names/9811105412103406">HKCAN</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/077745884">IdRef</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐7587f976f‐qh5rx Cached time: 20241107195101 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 1.053 seconds Real time usage: 1.324 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 7134/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 559329/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 68463/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 21/100 Expensive parser function count: 30/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 44201/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.385/10.000 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