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Микроскоп атомских сила — Википедија
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href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3&returnto=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF+%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Иако није обавезно, препоручујемо да отворите налог и пријавите се"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Отвори налог</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF+%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Иако није обавезно, препоручујемо да се пријавите [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> 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0, 0.15 ); overflow:hidden;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"display:block; top:4px; width:100%; text-align:center;;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"color:#000085; font-size:25px; line-height:25px\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-left:50px;\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-top:2px; color:#444; font-size:1.15em; line-height:1.5;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-left:8px; padding-right:8px;\"\u003EУчествујте у \u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://sr.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B0_SheSaid_2024\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"q:Викицитат:Кампања SheSaid 2024\"\u003Eкампањи писања цитата значајних жена\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E на Викицитату.\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\"noticebanner\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"plainlinks\" style=\"background-color: #FBEBEA; border-radius:5px; margin-top:10px; position:relative; border: 1px 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клица\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E.\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сајт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Садржај" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Садржај</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">помери на страну</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">сакриј</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Почетак</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Откриће_методе" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Откриће_методе"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Откриће методе</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Откриће_методе-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Принцип_рада" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Принцип_рада"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Принцип рада</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Принцип_рада-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Могућности_снимања" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Могућности_снимања"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Могућности снимања</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Могућности_снимања-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Режими_рада" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Режими_рада"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Режими рада</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Режими_рада-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Литература" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Литература"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Литература</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Литература-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Спољашње_везе" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Спољашње_везе"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Спољашње везе</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Спољашње_везе-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Садржај" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Прикажи/сакриј садржај" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Прикажи/сакриј садржај</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Микроскоп атомских сила</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Чланак на другим језицима. Доступан на: 47" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-47" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">47 језика</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atoomkragmikroskopie" title="Atoomkragmikroskopie — африканс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Atoomkragmikroskopie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африканс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rasterkraftmikroskop" title="Rasterkraftmikroskop — немачки (Швајцарска)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Rasterkraftmikroskop" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="немачки (Швајцарска)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مجهر القوة الذرية — арапски" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مجهر القوة الذرية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арапски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroskop_gaya_atom" title="Mikroskop gaya atom — индонежански" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mikroskop gaya atom" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонежански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF" title="Атомно-силов микроскоп — бугарски" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Атомно-силов микроскоп" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="бугарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroskopija_atomskih_sila" title="Mikroskopija atomskih sila — босански" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mikroskopija atomskih sila" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microscopi_de_forces_at%C3%B2miques" title="Microscopi de forces atòmiques — каталонски" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Microscopi de forces atòmiques" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroskopie_atom%C3%A1rn%C3%ADch_sil" title="Mikroskopie atomárních sil — чешки" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mikroskopie atomárních sil" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomar_kraftmikroskopi" title="Atomar kraftmikroskopi — дански" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Atomar kraftmikroskopi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="добар чланак"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rasterkraftmikroskop" title="Rasterkraftmikroskop — немачки" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rasterkraftmikroskop" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немачки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aatomij%C3%B5umikroskoopia" title="Aatomijõumikroskoopia — естонски" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Aatomijõumikroskoopia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="естонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%B4%CF%8D%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Μικροσκοπία ατομικής δύναμης — грчки" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μικροσκοπία ατομικής δύναμης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грчки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_force_microscopy" title="Atomic force microscopy — енглески" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Atomic force microscopy" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="енглески" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microscopio_de_fuerza_at%C3%B3mica" title="Microscopio de fuerza atómica — шпански" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Microscopio de fuerza atómica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="шпански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom-forta_mikroskopo" title="Atom-forta mikroskopo — есперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Atom-forta mikroskopo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="есперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%BE_%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%85%DB%8C" title="میکروسکوپ نیروی اتمی — персијски" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="میکروسکوپ نیروی اتمی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microscope_%C3%A0_force_atomique" title="Microscope à force atomique — француски" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Microscope à force atomique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="француски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micreasc%C3%B3p_f%C3%B3rsa_adamhaigh" title="Micreascóp fórsa adamhaigh — ирски" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Micreascóp fórsa adamhaigh" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microscopio_de_forza_at%C3%B3mica" title="Microscopio de forza atómica — галицијски" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Microscopio de forza atómica" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галицијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A4_%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%97_%D7%90%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99" title="מיקרוסקופ כוח אטומי — хебрејски" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מיקרוסקופ כוח אטומי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="хебрејски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="परमाण्विक बल सूक्ष्मदर्शी यंत्र — хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="परमाण्विक बल सूक्ष्मदर्शी यंत्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AA%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF" title="Ատոմական ուժային մանրադիտակ — јерменски" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ատոմական ուժային մանրադիտակ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="јерменски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microscopio_a_forza_atomica" title="Microscopio a forza atomica — италијански" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Microscopio a forza atomica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италијански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E9%96%93%E5%8A%9B%E9%A1%95%E5%BE%AE%E9%8F%A1" title="原子間力顕微鏡 — јапански" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="原子間力顕微鏡" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="јапански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9B%90%EC%9E%90%ED%9E%98%ED%98%84%EB%AF%B8%EA%B2%BD" title="원자힘현미경 — корејски" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="원자힘현미경" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корејски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomsp%C4%93ku_mikroskops" title="Atomspēku mikroskops — летонски" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Atomspēku mikroskops" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="летонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomin%C4%97s_j%C4%97gos_mikroskopas" title="Atominės jėgos mikroskopas — литвански" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Atominės jėgos mikroskopas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литвански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomer%C5%91-mikroszk%C3%B3p" title="Atomerő-mikroszkóp — мађарски" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Atomerő-mikroszkóp" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="мађарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="आण्विक बल सूक्ष्मदर्शक यंत्र — марати" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="आण्विक बल सूक्ष्मदर्शक यंत्र" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="марати" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atoomkrachtmicroscopie" title="Atoomkrachtmicroscopie — холандски" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Atoomkrachtmicroscopie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="холандски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomkraftmikroskop" title="Atomkraftmikroskop — норвешки букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Atomkraftmikroskop" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвешки букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom_kuch_mikroskopiyasi" title="Atom kuch mikroskopiyasi — узбечки" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Atom kuch mikroskopiyasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбечки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroskop_si%C5%82_atomowych" title="Mikroskop sił atomowych — пољски" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mikroskop sił atomowych" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="пољски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsc%C3%B3pio_de_for%C3%A7a_at%C3%B4mica" title="Microscópio de força atômica — португалски" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Microscópio de força atômica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microscop_de_for%C8%9B%C4%83_atomic%C4%83" title="Microscop de forță atomică — румунски" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Microscop de forță atomică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румунски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF" title="Сканирующий атомно-силовой микроскоп — руски" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сканирующий атомно-силовой микроскоп" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_force_microscopy" title="Atomic force microscopy — шкотски" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Atomic force microscopy" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шкотски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_force_microscope" title="Atomic force microscope — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Atomic force microscope" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroskop_atomskih_sila" title="Mikroskop atomskih sila — српскохрватски" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mikroskop atomskih sila" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="српскохрватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomivoimamikroskooppi" title="Atomivoimamikroskooppi — фински" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Atomivoimamikroskooppi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomkraftsmikroskopi" title="Atomkraftsmikroskopi — шведски" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Atomkraftsmikroskopi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF" title="அணுவிசை நுண்ணோக்கி — тамилски" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அணுவிசை நுண்ணோக்கி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамилски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%ADnh_hi%E1%BB%83n_vi_l%E1%BB%B1c_nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%AD" title="Kính hiển vi lực nguyên tử — вијетнамски" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kính hiển vi lực nguyên tử" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вијетнамски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomik_kuvvet_mikroskobu" title="Atomik kuvvet mikroskobu — турски" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Atomik kuvvet mikroskobu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF" title="Атомно-силовий мікроскоп — украјински" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Атомно-силовий мікроскоп" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украјински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%8A%9B%E6%98%BE%E5%BE%AE%E9%95%9C" title="原子力显微镜 — кинески" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="原子力显微镜" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кинески" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%8A%9B%E9%A1%AF%E5%BE%AE%E9%8F%A1" title="原子力顯微鏡 — кантонски" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="原子力顯微鏡" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">сакриј</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">С Википедије, слободне енциклопедије</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sr" dir="ltr"><p><b>Микроскоп атомских сила</b> (МАС) (<a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Енглески језик">engl.</a> <span lang="en"><i><i><span lang="en" title="енглески текст">Atomic Force Microscope</span></i></i></span>, AFM) или скенирајући микроскоп сила (<a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Енглески језик">engl.</a> <span lang="en"><i><i><span lang="en" title="енглески текст">Scanning Force Microscope</span></i></i></span>, SFM) је уређај који припада породици <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF_%D1%81%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%98%D1%83%D1%9B%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Микроскоп са скенирајућом сондом (страница не постоји)">микроскопа са скенирајућом сондом</a> (Scanning Probe Microscope - SPM) чији се рад заснива на мерењу међумолекуларних сила које делују између атома мерне сонде и атома испитиваног узорка. Мерење се спроводи од тачке до тачке, након чега се подаци свих испитаних тачака прикупљају у снимак испитиване површине. Технологија која је претходила микроскопији атомских сила је <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%98%D1%83%D1%9B%D0%B8_%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF" title="Скенирајући тунелски микроскоп">Скенирајућа Тунелска Микроскопија</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Енглески језик">engl.</a> <span lang="en"><i><i><span lang="en" title="енглески текст">Scanning Tunneling Microscopy</span></i></i></span>, STM) чији се рад заснива на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Квантна механика">квантно-механичком</a> ефекту <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тунеловање електрона (страница не постоји)">тунеловања електрона</a> кроз диелектрик. </p><p>Овом, данас изузетно успешном технологијом визуелизације, постигнута је резолуција снимања од неколико пикометара чиме је омогућено снимање узорака у атомској резолуцији. Данашња оптичка и електронска микроскопија су на прагу достизања овако високе резолуције. У будућности се очекује даљи развој обеју технологија тако да ће бити могуће рутинско снимање у атомској резолуцији. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Откриће_методе"><span id=".D0.9E.D1.82.D0.BA.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.9B.D0.B5_.D0.BC.D0.B5.D1.82.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.B5"></span>Откриће методе</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Уредите одељак „Откриће методе”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0&action=edit&section=1" title="Уреди извор одељка: Откриће методе"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Метода Микроскопије Атомских Сила (МАС) је настала <a href="/wiki/1986" title="1986">1986</a>. године као производ истраживања која су, у лабораторијама америчке фирме <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> у <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85" title="Цирих">Цириху</a>, спровели <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerd_Binnig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerd Binnig (страница не постоји)">Герд Биниг</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Calvin_Quate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calvin Quate (страница не постоји)">Келвин Квејт</a> и <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christoph_Gerber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christoph Gerber (страница не постоји)">Кристоф Гербер</a>. Овом открићу је претходило откриће Скенирајуће тунелске микроскопије (СТМ) <a href="/wiki/1982" title="1982">1982</a>. године од стране <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerd_Binnig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerd Binnig (страница не постоји)">Герд Бинига</a> и <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Rohrer" class="mw-redirect" title="Heinrich Rohrer">Хајнрих Рорера</a> који су за рад на технологији СТМ награђени Нобеловом Наградом за Физику. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Принцип_рада"><span id=".D0.9F.D1.80.D0.B8.D0.BD.D1.86.D0.B8.D0.BF_.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.B4.D0.B0"></span>Принцип рада</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Уредите одељак „Принцип рада”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0&action=edit&section=2" title="Уреди извор одељка: Принцип рада"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Микроскопија атомских сила се заснива на мерењу интензитета <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Неполарне интеракције (страница не постоји)">неполарних међумолекуларних сила</a> чији је аналитички опис дат изразом за <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4-%D0%8F%D0%BE%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Ленард-Џоунсов потенцијал">Ленард-Џоунсов потенцијал</a>. Интензитет неполарних <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%92%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Међумолекуларне силе (страница не постоји)">међумолекуларних сила</a> је зависан од растојања на коме се налазе честице чију интеракцију утврђујемо, што нам омогућује да мерењем интензитета силе тачно одредимо на ком се растојању од узорка (атома) налазимо. На основу измерене вредности интензитета силе се реконструише растојање од узорка и то је основа за формирање слике која се добија методом микроскопије атомских сила. Ако у великом броју тачака на површини неког узорка извршимо мерење интензитета међумолекуларних сила, тада смо у могућности да, спајањем тих тачака, добијемо информацију о морфолошком изгледу те површине. </p><p>Мерења се спроводе помоћу <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нано-конзола (страница не постоји)">нано-конзоле</a> која представља кључну компоненту система за мерење сила чији се интензитет креће у опсегу неколико наноњутна (10<sup>-9</sup> m). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Могућности_снимања"><span id=".D0.9C.D0.BE.D0.B3.D1.83.D1.9B.D0.BD.D0.BE.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B8_.D1.81.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.B0.D1.9A.D0.B0"></span>Могућности снимања</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Уредите одељак „Могућности снимања”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0&action=edit&section=3" title="Уреди извор одељка: Могућности снимања"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Због природе интеракције са узорком, која је механичка и није заснована на електромагнетном зрачењу (што је случај код оптичке и електронске микроскопије) у могућности смо да извршимо мерења како у условима стандардне атмосфере (289 К, 1 атм), тако и у условима вакуума, атмосфере различитих гасова и у течности. Све ове опције омогућују напредно испитивање узорака које није могуће оптичким и/или електронским микроскопом. </p><p>Осим тога, припрема узорка је знатно мање захтевна него што је то случај код електронске микроскопије тако да је јасно да микроскопија атомских сила има својих предности. Међутим, снимци добијени електронским микроскопом имају могућност снимања тродимензионалних објеката док је у микроскопији атомских сила снимање (засад) ограничено на површине. </p><p>Даље, снимци добијени микроскопијом атомских сила омогућавају мерења свих величина, како геометријских тако и физичких (електричне, магнетне и механичке особине узорка, у наставку) што представља корак унапред у односу на електронску микроскопију. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Режими_рада"><span id=".D0.A0.D0.B5.D0.B6.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.B8_.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.B4.D0.B0"></span>Режими рада</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Уредите одељак „Режими рада”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0&action=edit&section=4" title="Уреди извор одељка: Режими рада"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Разликујемо два основна режима рада овог микроскопа: статички и динамички. У статичком режиму нано-конзола прелази преко узорка и врши мерења на начин који је претходно описан. У динамичком режиму се нано-конзоли саопштавају принудне хармонијске осцилације које је доводе у осцилаторни режим кретања што омогућава проширење могућности мерења на већи број изведених физичких величина. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Литература"><span id=".D0.9B.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Литература</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Уредите одељак „Литература”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0&action=edit&section=5" title="Уреди извор одељка: Литература"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r28440192">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="column-count: 2;">-{ <ul><li>A. 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style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Спољашње_везе"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.BF.D0.BE.D1.99.D0.B0.D1.88.D1.9A.D0.B5_.D0.B2.D0.B5.D0.B7.D0.B5"></span>Спољашње везе</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Уредите одељак „Спољашње везе”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0&action=edit&section=6" title="Уреди извор одељка: Спољашње везе"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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