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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Standard rations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Standard_rations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Other sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_justification_for_the_rationing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_justification_for_the_rationing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Government justification for the rationing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_justification_for_the_rationing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Criticism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Criticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Additional_rationing_in_2019" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Additional_rationing_in_2019"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Additional rationing in 2019</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Additional_rationing_in_2019-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li 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cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Rationing in Cuba</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racionamiento_en_Cuba" title="Racionamiento en Cuba – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Racionamiento en Cuba" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7" title="جیره‌بندی در کوبا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جیره‌بندی در کوبا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libreta" title="Libreta – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Libreta" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racionamento_em_Cuba" title="Racionamento em Cuba – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Racionamento em Cuba" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%E1%BA%A9u_ph%E1%BA%A7n_%E1%BB%9F_Cuba" title="Khẩu phần ở Cuba – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Khẩu phần ở Cuba" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2132797#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Rationing+in+Cuba%22">"Rationing in Cuba"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Rationing+in+Cuba%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Rationing+in+Cuba%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Rationing+in+Cuba%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Rationing+in+Cuba%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Rationing+in+Cuba%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreliable_sources plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-unreliable_sources" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Some of this article's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">listed sources</a> <b>may not be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help improve this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. Unreliable citations may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Libreta-Store.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Libreta-Store.jpg/220px-Libreta-Store.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Libreta-Store.jpg/330px-Libreta-Store.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Libreta-Store.jpg/440px-Libreta-Store.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Libreta store in <a href="/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Rationing in Cuba</b> is organized by the government and implemented by means of a <i>Libreta de Abastecimiento</i> ("Supplies booklet") assigned to every individual. The system establishes the amounts of subsidized <a href="/wiki/Ration" class="mw-redirect" title="Ration">rations</a> each person is allowed to receive through the system, and the frequency at which supplies can be obtained.<sup id="cite_ref-Pie_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pie-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the food rations are not free, the ration fees are a small fraction of the actual price of the goods (on average, less than $2 USD for a month of rations, which is approximately 12% of their market value).<sup id="cite_ref-Pie_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pie-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Purchases of the goods can also be made outside of the system.<sup id="cite_ref-Pie_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pie-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite past rumors of ending, the system still exists.<sup id="cite_ref-carmelo_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-carmelo-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2012, a coupon book taken to a ration shop provided family minimums for rice, sugar, matches, and oil, above the average wage of $30/month.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC2012SimonReeve_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC2012SimonReeve-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While most Cubans do not have to pay for rent, healthcare, or education, ration fees often take up a large percentage of their monthly income, and the unsubsidized costs of their monthly rations would be greater than the average monthly income.<sup id="cite_ref-Pie_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pie-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The amount of food provided to each citizen has decreased somewhat over time due to the end of billions in yearly financial support from the <a href="/wiki/USSR" class="mw-redirect" title="USSR">USSR</a>, a drastic reduction of tens of thousands of subsidized petroleum barrels from Venezuela,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and according to government officials, increased sanctions from the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, and there have been significant increases in the ration fees at times.<sup id="cite_ref-Pie_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pie-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Economic mismanagement has also played a large role in food shortages and rationing, even while the USSR subsidized the island to the tune of $5 billion per year, certain food items still had to be rationed.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All citizens are still provided with subsidized rations today, even those who could otherwise afford to purchase food.<sup id="cite_ref-Pie_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pie-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> President <a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%BAl_Castro" title="Raúl Castro">Raúl Castro</a> said in 2011 that the subsidies are far too costly for the Cuban government, involving more than $1 billion USD in food subsidies every year, and that he would like to eliminate the system and its "unbearable burden for the economy" which he claimed produces "a disincentive to work".<sup id="cite_ref-Pie_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pie-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These remarks were received very negatively among Cubans, and Castro eventually reversed his proposal. </p><p>More strenuous rationing on food and other basics was imposed in May 2019 due to the country's economic problems, which resulted largely from a stiffening U.S. embargo, the loss of aid from Venezuela, and difficulties with the state-run oil company.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Post_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Post-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rationing_in_Cuba&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The vast majority of <a href="/wiki/Cubans" title="Cubans">Cuban</a> families rely, for their food intake, on the <i>Libreta de Abastecimiento</i> (literally, "Supplies booklet") distribution system, instated on 12 March 1962.<sup id="cite_ref-overview_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-overview-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The system establishes the <a href="/wiki/Ration" class="mw-redirect" title="Ration">rations</a> each person is allowed to buy through the system, and the frequency of supplies. Most of these products are distributed at the local <i>bodega</i> (convenience store specialized in distributing these rations), and in the case of meat, poultry or fish, at the local <i>carnicería</i> (meat store).<sup id="cite_ref-overview_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-overview-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other industrial products are also included in the <i>libreta</i>, such as <a href="/wiki/Cigarettes" class="mw-redirect" title="Cigarettes">cigarettes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cigars" class="mw-redirect" title="Cigars">cigars</a>, matches and cooking <a href="/wiki/Fuel" title="Fuel">fuels</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liquified_petroleum_gas" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquified petroleum gas">liquified gas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alcohol_(chemistry)" title="Alcohol (chemistry)">alcohol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kerosene" title="Kerosene">kerosene</a> or even <a href="/wiki/Charcoal" title="Charcoal">charcoal</a>, depending on each person's means for cooking). Other products can also be distributed through this method, such as <a href="/wiki/Light_bulbs" class="mw-redirect" title="Light bulbs">light bulbs</a> and other home supplies.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Havana_-_Cuba_-_0030.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Havana_-_Cuba_-_0030.jpg/220px-Havana_-_Cuba_-_0030.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Havana_-_Cuba_-_0030.jpg/330px-Havana_-_Cuba_-_0030.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Havana_-_Cuba_-_0030.jpg/440px-Havana_-_Cuba_-_0030.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4349" data-file-height="2844" /></a><figcaption>Some products and prices displayed at a <i>bodega</i> (as of January 2011).</figcaption></figure> <p>Products included in the <i>libreta</i> vary according to age and sex. For example, children below 7 years old are provided 1 litre of <a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">milk</a> per day, as are the elderly, the ill, and pregnant women.<sup id="cite_ref-overview_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-overview-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Adults above 65 years are entitled to different allowances, as well. Granting a special diet requires presentation of a medical certificate which confirms the health condition and what product requirements this condition has.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Cuba" title="Politics of Cuba">Government</a> office, specially created for this task, the OFICODA, distributes the <i>libreta</i> to all citizens each year, in the form of a small booklet.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> This booklet contains pages indicating the exact number and age groups of persons composing the family nucleus (typically, one booklet is released per family nucleus), as well as any dietary indications. A person's products are distributed only at the <i>bodega</i> that serves their area of official residence.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> A person cannot receive their products somewhere else, so each change of address requires returning to the OFICODA to update the booklet's data, and those living away from their registered addresses have to return to the previous area for their supplies.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Products distributed through the <i>libreta</i> mechanism are sold at <a href="/wiki/Subsidy" title="Subsidy">subsidized</a> prices, which have been kept more or less stable since its inception (the mean salary of a worker has varied very little since, as well).<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>libreta</i> contains a page for every month, where the clerk marks what products were withdrawn, and in which quantities. Cubans are required to present the <i>libreta</i> each time they buy the rations.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Libreta_line_Havana.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Libreta_line_Havana.jpg/220px-Libreta_line_Havana.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Libreta_line_Havana.jpg/330px-Libreta_line_Havana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Libreta_line_Havana.jpg/440px-Libreta_line_Havana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption>People waiting in line at a libreta store in Havana</figcaption></figure> <p>At its inception, the rationing system included not only food products, but industrial products as well.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Along with the <i>libreta</i>, a tear-off <a href="/wiki/Coupon" title="Coupon">coupon</a> booklet was distributed, whose purpose was to set the allowances for industrial products, mainly clothing, shoes, and home products, as well as rationing the toys sold to families with children (which were allowed 3 different toys per child per year, usually sold near or on 6 January, <a href="/wiki/Three_Kings_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Three Kings Day">Three Kings Day</a>, or <i>Día de Reyes</i>). After the demise of the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_bloc" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern bloc">Eastern Bloc</a> in 1991, Cuba entered the "<a href="/wiki/Special_Period" title="Special Period">Special Period</a>" and industrial products were no longer distributed through this system.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>A specific set of laws regulate the functioning of the system, as well as establishing penalties for its misuse.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Most irregularities deal with clerks not recording products in the booklet, or recording them incorrectly, and the weighing of the products distributed.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Citizens could be legally liable if they do not promptly inform the local OFICODA of any changes in the composition of the family nucleus.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Standard_rations">Standard rations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rationing_in_Cuba&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Standard rations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Havana_-_Cuba_-_0951.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Havana_-_Cuba_-_0951.jpg/220px-Havana_-_Cuba_-_0951.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="307" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Havana_-_Cuba_-_0951.jpg/330px-Havana_-_Cuba_-_0951.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Havana_-_Cuba_-_0951.jpg/440px-Havana_-_Cuba_-_0951.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2727" data-file-height="3810" /></a><figcaption>Distribution blackboard displaying the products, prices and limits (as of January 2011).</figcaption></figure> <p>A table follows that illustrates the standard ration distributed through this system.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Figures are per person, per month.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> An indication of the subsidized prices is given, as well.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Allowances vary from year to year, so these should be understood as approximate figures, based on data from 2000: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Product </th> <th>Quantity </th> <th>Price (<a href="/wiki/Cuban_peso" title="Cuban peso">CUP</a>) </th></tr> <tr> <td>Rice </td> <td>6 pounds (2.7 kg) </td> <td>0.70 / lb </td></tr> <tr> <td>Beans </td> <td>20 ounces (570 g) </td> <td>0.32 / lb </td></tr> <tr> <td>White (refined) sugar </td> <td>3 pounds (1.4 kg) </td> <td>0.15 / lb </td></tr> <tr> <td>Dark (unrefined) sugar </td> <td>3 pounds (1.4 kg) </td> <td>0.10 / lb </td></tr> <tr> <td>Milk (only children under 7 years) </td> <td>1 lt / day </td> <td>0.25 / each<br /><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (March 2024)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Eggs (*) </td> <td>12 </td> <td>0.15 each </td></tr> <tr> <td>Potatoes/bananas </td> <td>15 pounds (6.8 kg) </td> <td>0.40 / lb </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" align="center">(*) Only from September through December. </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Meat products are distributed separately, if available, following a different rationale.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> These are distributed every 15 days, and usually rotate (that is, the product type changes on each delivery).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Fish, beef, ground beef (usually mixed with soy), chicken, sausages and ham fall in this category.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Quantities, and prices, differ for each meat product (beef, ½ lb/person each 15 days, whereas chicken is 1 lb/person every 15 days).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>It must be said that distribution is not always prompt, and product delivery is frequently delayed (for example, if one month there were no beans to distribute, they usually cumulate for next month, although this is not always the case).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Such delays are most evident in beef distribution.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The fact that products are not available at the <i>bodega</i> always, but arrive in a more or less random manner, creates long queues when products arrive, which sometimes makes buying the products a quite lengthy process.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> So, this required a mechanism to be invented so that people with special needs, such as old persons and pregnant women, had precedence on the queue.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> This mechanism became known as <i>Plan Jaba</i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Jaba is a word for a flexible basket or bag taken from the vocabulary of <a href="/wiki/Neo-Taino_nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-Taino nations">Neo-Taino nations</a> and originally was made of dried woven strips from palm fronds.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>It was estimated in the early 2000s that the rationing covered between one third and one half of a family's needs.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>President Raúl Castro moved to eliminate many products from the rationing system, including potatoes and peas.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_sources">Other sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rationing_in_Cuba&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Other sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HavanaMarket.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/HavanaMarket.jpg/230px-HavanaMarket.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/HavanaMarket.jpg/345px-HavanaMarket.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/HavanaMarket.jpg/460px-HavanaMarket.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>A Havana market, October 2002 - one of the other sources of goods.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <i>libreta</i> is not the only means of acquiring goods available to a Cuban citizen, as many of these and other products are freely available on the <i>mercado libre</i> (free market) and <i>mercado paralelo</i> (parallel market), and in the numerous supermarkets and stores that sell goods in <a href="/wiki/Cuban_convertible_peso" title="Cuban convertible peso">convertible pesos</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> (Such stores were originally set up taking <a href="/wiki/United_States_Dollars" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Dollars">United States Dollars</a> and were referred to as "<a href="/wiki/Dollar_store_(Cuba)" title="Dollar store (Cuba)">dollar stores</a>".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> They began catering for foreign visitors but many are used mainly by Cubans).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In addition, Cuba has an active black market (<i>mercado negro</i>, often described as <i>por la izquierda</i> – by the left hand) in many goods.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Black market goods may be simply items sold by unlicensed vendors (for example, fish caught and sold directly, or home-made items), or may be stolen goods. Many Cubans rely upon connections and barter, or "<a href="/wiki/Sociolismo" title="Sociolismo">sociolismo</a>", to obtain the items they need.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government_justification_for_the_rationing">Government justification for the rationing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rationing_in_Cuba&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Government justification for the rationing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Rationing_in_Cuba" title="Special:EditPage/Rationing in Cuba">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The Cuban government states this method of distribution serves to ensure each citizen a minimum intake of food, regardless of the person's social and economical status, and has publicized plans for its demise (although specific dates have not been provided)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. It also stresses that the <i>libreta</i> is not the only means of acquiring goods available to a Cuban citizen, as these and other products are freely available on the <i>mercado libre</i> and <i>mercado paralelo</i>, and of course in the numerous supermarkets and stores that sell goods in <a href="/wiki/Cuban_convertible_peso" title="Cuban convertible peso">convertible pesos</a> or <a href="/wiki/Euros" class="mw-redirect" title="Euros">euros</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The prices in the ration book are about 20 times lower than the free market.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> It says as well that humanitarian aid received from other countries is distributed through this method in a fair and equitable manner.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The official stance on this subject is that of being undesirable, but unavoidable and fair.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The government also says that rations are not used for political leverage, and distributes the subsidized food equally to all citizens, regardless of their <a href="/wiki/Politics" title="Politics">political</a> views or judicial status. However residents and refugees from Cuba report that their rationing books were taken away when they were perceived to be anti-revolutionary.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rationing_in_Cuba&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Criticism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Rationing_in_Cuba" title="Special:EditPage/Rationing in Cuba">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Detractors question the fairness of this method as well as its purpose, and stress its deficiencies, such as a historical decrement of the delivery frequency and quantities of goods distributed and, in their opinion, this method creates profound economical differences within the Cuban people, dividing the country in half: those who can afford the higher prices of goods in <a href="/wiki/Cuban_convertible_peso" title="Cuban convertible peso">convertible pesos</a> or in the <i>mercado libre</i>, and those that simply cannot.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> They stress, as well, the fact that the measure was adopted by the Cuban government in 1962 as a temporary palliative to a crisis and has lasted for more than fifty years.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Additional_rationing_in_2019">Additional rationing in 2019</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rationing_in_Cuba&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Additional rationing in 2019"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In May 2019, Cuba imposed rationing of staples such as chicken, eggs, rice, beans, soap and other basics (Some two-thirds of food in the country is imported). A spokesperson blamed the increased U.S. trade embargo although economists believe that an equally important problem is the massive decline of aid from Venezuela and the failure of Cuba's state-run oil company which had subsidized fuel costs.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Post_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Post-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rationing_in_Cuba&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media 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data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Libreta_de_Abastecimiento" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Libreta de Abastecimiento">Rationing in Cuba</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Portal:Cuba" title="Portal:Cuba">Cuba portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rationing" title="Rationing">Rationing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rationing_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Rationing in the Soviet Union">Rationing in the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rationing_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Rationing in the United Kingdom">Rationing in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cuba" title="Economy of Cuba">Economy of Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_Cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuban Cuisine">Cuban Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Cuba" title="Culture of Cuba">Culture of Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociolismo" title="Sociolismo">Sociolismo</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rationing_in_Cuba&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Pie-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pie_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pie_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pie_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pie_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pie_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pie_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pie_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/11/world/americas/cuba-rationing-sanctions.html">"Cuba Rations Staple Foods and Soap in Face of Economic Crisis"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 11 May 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Cuba+Rations+Staple+Foods+and+Soap+in+Face+of+Economic+Crisis&rft.date=2019-05-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2019%2F05%2F11%2Fworld%2Famericas%2Fcuba-rationing-sanctions.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARationing+in+Cuba" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-carmelo-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-carmelo_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTamayo2013" class="citation web cs1">Tamayo, Juan (July 11, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/article1953193.html">"Cuba's food ration stores mark 50th anniversary"</a>. <i>Miami Herald</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 17,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Miami+Herald&rft.atitle=Cuba%27s+food+ration+stores+mark+50th+anniversary&rft.date=2013-07-11&rft.aulast=Tamayo&rft.aufirst=Juan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.miamiherald.com%2Fnews%2Fnation-world%2Fworld%2Famericas%2Farticle1953193.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARationing+in+Cuba" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC2012SimonReeve-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBC2012SimonReeve_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.behance.net/gallery/16893337/Monika-She-is-Cuba">"Monika, She is Cuba"</a>. May 14, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 17,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monika%2C+She+is+Cuba&rft.date=2014-05-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.behance.net%2Fgallery%2F16893337%2FMonika-She-is-Cuba&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARationing+in+Cuba" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFonseca2020" class="citation web cs1">Fonseca, Brian (January 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/media/uploads/documents/Venezuela-Cuba%20FINAL.pdf">"Venezuela and Cuba: The Ties that Bind"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.wilsoncenter.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.wilsoncenter.org&rft.atitle=Venezuela+and+Cuba%3A+The+Ties+that+Bind&rft.date=2020-01&rft.aulast=Fonseca&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wilsoncenter.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fmedia%2Fuploads%2Fdocuments%2FVenezuela-Cuba%2520FINAL.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARationing+in+Cuba" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNiño2019" class="citation web cs1">Niño, José (2019-06-12). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fee.org/articles/cuba-implements-food-rationing-as-its-economy-enters-crisis-mode/">"Cuba Implements Food Rationing as Its Economy Enters Crisis Mode | José Niño"</a>. <i>fee.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-09-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=fee.org&rft.atitle=Cuba+Implements+Food+Rationing+as+Its+Economy+Enters+Crisis+Mode+%7C+Jos%C3%A9+Ni%C3%B1o&rft.date=2019-06-12&rft.aulast=Ni%C3%B1o&rft.aufirst=Jos%C3%A9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffee.org%2Farticles%2Fcuba-implements-food-rationing-as-its-economy-enters-crisis-mode%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARationing+in+Cuba" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-National_Post-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-National_Post_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-National_Post_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nationalpost.com/news/world/cuba-launches-rationing-in-face-of-economic-crisis">"Cuba rations chicken, eggs and rice as economic crisis worsens"</a>. <i>National Post</i>. May 10, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 12,</span> 2019</span>. <q>Cuba imports roughly two-thirds of its food at an annual cost of more than $2.7 billion and brief shortages of individual products have been common for years. In recent months, a growing number of products have started to go missing for days or weeks at a time, and long lines have sprung up within minutes of the appearance of scarce products like chicken or flour.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Post&rft.atitle=Cuba+rations+chicken%2C+eggs+and+rice+as+economic+crisis+worsens&rft.date=2019-05-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnationalpost.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fcuba-launches-rationing-in-face-of-economic-crisis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARationing+in+Cuba" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-overview-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-overview_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-overview_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-overview_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/FE482">Overview of Cuba's Food Rationing System</a> José Alvarez University of Florida</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarth2014" class="citation journal cs1">Garth, Hanna (2014). "They Started to Make Variants: The Impact of Nitza Villapol's Cookbooks and Television Shows on Contemporary Cuban Cooking". <i>Food, Culture & Society</i>. <b>17</b> (3): 359. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2752%2F175174414X13948130847981">10.2752/175174414X13948130847981</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:147320148">147320148</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food%2C+Culture+%26+Society&rft.atitle=They+Started+to+Make+Variants%3A+The+Impact+of+Nitza+Villapol%27s+Cookbooks+and+Television+Shows+on+Contemporary+Cuban+Cooking&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=359&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2752%2F175174414X13948130847981&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A147320148%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Garth&rft.aufirst=Hanna&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARationing+in+Cuba" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.boston.com/news/world/latinamerica/articles/2009/11/07/cuba_cuts_back_on_rationed_products/">Cuba cuts back on rationed products</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/965534/THINGS_BECAME_SCARCE_FOOD_AVAILABILITY_AND_ACCESSIBILITY_IN_SANTIAGO_de_CUBA_THEN_AND_NOW">Garth, Hanna 2009 Things Became Scarce: Food Availability and Accessibility in Santiago de Cuba Then and Now. NAPA Bulletin 32:178-192.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Garth, Hanna 2009 Things Became Scarce: Food Availability and Accessibility in Santiago de Cuba Then and Now. NAPA Bulletin 32:178-192.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output 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li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cuba_topics" title="Template:Cuba topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cuba_topics" title="Template talk:Cuba topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cuba_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cuba topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cuba_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Cuba-related_articles" title="Index of Cuba-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Cuba" title="History of Cuba">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Pre-Revolution" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Pre-Revolution</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Cuban_history" title="Timeline of Cuban history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Cuba" title="List of colonial governors of Cuba">Colonial governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_Cuba" title="Slavery in Cuba">Slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ten_Years%27_War" title="Ten Years' War">Ten Years' War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_War_(Cuba)" title="Little War (Cuba)">Little War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_War_of_Independence" title="Cuban War of Independence">Cuban War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Maine_(1889)#Sinking" title="USS Maine (1889)">Sinking of USS <i>Maine</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platt_Amendment" title="Platt Amendment">Platt Amendment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Cuba_(1902%E2%80%931959)" title="Republic of Cuba (1902–1959)">Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba_during_World_War_I" title="Cuba during World War I">World War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_Cuba_hurricane" title="1932 Cuba hurricane">1932 hurricane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba_during_World_War_II" title="Cuba during World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_embargo_against_Cuba" title="United States embargo against Cuba">United States embargo against Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_Revolution" title="Cuban Revolution">Revolution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Post-Revolution</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Consolidation_of_the_Cuban_Revolution" title="Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution">Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escambray_rebellion" title="Escambray rebellion">Escambray rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Peter_Pan" title="Operation Peter Pan">Operation Peter Pan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Pigs_Invasion" title="Bay of Pigs Invasion">Bay of Pigs Invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_literacy_campaign" title="Cuban literacy campaign">Cuban literacy campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_Missile_Crisis" title="Cuban Missile Crisis">Cuban Missile Crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Debate_(Cuba)" title="Great Debate (Cuba)">Great Debate (Cuba)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Offensive" title="Revolutionary Offensive">Revolutionary Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey_years" title="Grey years">Grey years</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institutionalization_process" title="Institutionalization process">Institutionalization process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_intervention_in_Angola" title="Cuban intervention in Angola">Cuban intervention in Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariel_boatlift" title="Mariel boatlift">Mariel boatlift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rectification_process" title="Rectification process">Rectification process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Period" title="Special Period">Special Period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maleconazo" title="Maleconazo">Maleconazo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ideas" title="Battle of Ideas">Battle of Ideas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006%E2%80%932008_Cuban_transfer_of_presidential_duties" title="2006–2008 Cuban transfer of presidential duties">Fidel's transfer of power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_thaw" title="Cuban thaw">Cuban thaw</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Havana" title="History of Havana">History of Havana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Havana" title="Timeline of Havana">Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li>Other cities <ul><li>Timelines: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Camag%C3%BCey" title="Timeline of Camagüey">Camagüey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Cienfuegos" title="Timeline of Cienfuegos">Cienfuegos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Guant%C3%A1namo" title="Timeline of Guantánamo">Guantánamo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Holgu%C3%ADn" title="Timeline of Holguín">Holguín</a>, <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Matanzas" title="Timeline of Matanzas">Matanzas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Santiago_de_Cuba" title="Timeline of Santiago de Cuba">Santiago de Cuba</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Cuba" title="Geography of Cuba">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Cuba" title="List of cities in Cuba">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Cuba" title="Municipalities of Cuba">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Cuba" title="Provinces of Cuba">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Cuba" title="List of islands of Cuba">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Cuba" title="List of earthquakes in Cuba">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cuba_hurricanes" title="List of Cuba hurricanes">Hurricanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Cuba" title="List of rivers of Cuba">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Cuba" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Cuba">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Cuba" title="Politics of Cuba">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Cuba" title="Constitution of Cuba">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Cuba" title="Corruption in Cuba">Corruption in Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_(Cuba)" title="Council of Ministers (Cuba)">Council of Ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_State_(Cuba)" title="Council of State (Cuba)">Council of State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Cuba" title="Elections in Cuba">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Cuba" title="Foreign relations of Cuba">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Cuba" title="Human rights in Cuba">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Cuba" title="Censorship in Cuba">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_Cuba" title="Human trafficking in Cuba">Human trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Cuba" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Cuba">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Cuba" title="Law of Cuba">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Cuba" title="List of political parties in Cuba">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_People%27s_Power" title="National Assembly of People's Power">National Assembly of People's Power</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_National_Assembly_of_People%27s_Power" title="List of presidents of the National Assembly of People's Power">President</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_in_Cuba" class="mw-redirect" title="Propaganda in Cuba">Propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Cuba" title="President of Cuba">President of Cuba</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Cuba" title="List of heads of state of Cuba">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_Cuba" title="Vice President of Cuba">Vice President of Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Cuba" title="Prime Minister of Cuba">Prime Minister of Cuba</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_government_of_Cuba" title="List of heads of government of Cuba">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_Revolutionary_Armed_Forces" title="Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces">Revolutionary Armed Forces (MINFAR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_Revolutionary_Army" title="Cuban Revolutionary Army">Revolutionary Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_Revolutionary_Navy" title="Cuban Revolutionary Navy">Revolutionary Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_Revolutionary_Air_and_Air_Defense_Force" title="Cuban Revolutionary Air and Air Defense Force">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_Troops_Militia" title="Territorial Troops Militia">Territorial Troops Militia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_National_Army" title="Cuban National Army">National Army</a> (defunct)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Law enforcement</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Revolutionary_Police_Force" title="National Revolutionary Police Force">National Revolutionary Police Force</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Intelligence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Committees_for_the_Defense_of_the_Revolution" title="Committees for the Defense of the Revolution">Committees for the Defense of the Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direcci%C3%B3n_General_de_Inteligencia" class="mw-redirect" title="Dirección General de Inteligencia">Dirección General de Inteligencia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Counterintelligence_Directorate" title="Military Counterintelligence Directorate">Military Counterintelligence Directorate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cuba" title="Economy of Cuba">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Cuba" title="Agriculture in Cuba">Agriculture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Instituto_Nacional_de_Reforma_Agraria" title="Instituto Nacional de Reforma Agraria">Agrarian reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CPA_(agriculture)" title="CPA (agriculture)">Cooperatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Cuba" title="Central Bank of Cuba">Central bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dual_economy_of_Cuba" title="Dual economy of Cuba">Dual economy of Cuba</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_peso" title="Cuban peso">Peso <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_convertible_peso" title="Cuban convertible peso">Convertible peso</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_rankings_of_Cuba" title="International rankings of Cuba">International rankings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Cuba" title="Telecommunications in Cuba">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Cuba" title="Tourism in Cuba">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Cuba" title="Transport in Cuba">Transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cubana_de_Aviaci%C3%B3n" title="Cubana de Aviación">airline</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Cuba" title="Culture of Cuba">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Society" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_art" title="Cuban art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Cuba" title="Architecture of Cuba">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Cuba" title="Cinema of Cuba">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_cigar" title="Cuban cigar">Cigars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_cuisine" title="Cuban cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_from_Cuba" title="Dance from Cuba">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Cuba" title="Education in Cuba">Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Cuba" class="mw-redirect" title="List of universities in Cuba">Universities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Cuba" title="Health in Cuba">Health</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Cuba" title="Healthcare in Cuba">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hospitals_in_Cuba" title="List of hospitals in Cuba">Hospitals</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Cuba" title="Internet in Cuba">Internet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Cuba" title="Internet censorship in Cuba">Censorship</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_Spanish" title="Cuban Spanish">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_literature" title="Cuban literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Cuba" title="Mass media in Cuba">Media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Cuba" title="List of newspapers in Cuba">Newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Cuba" title="Television in Cuba">TV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Cuba" title="Music of Cuba">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_musical_theatre" title="Cuban musical theatre">Musical theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festivals_in_Havana" title="Festivals in Havana">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Cuba" title="Public holidays in Cuba">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Havana_Cuba" title="Radio Havana Cuba">Radio</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rationing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Cuba" title="Religion in Cuba">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scouting_and_Guiding_in_Cuba" title="Scouting and Guiding in Cuba">Scouting and Guiding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociolismo" title="Sociolismo">Sociolismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Cuba" title="Sport in Cuba">Sport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_football_in_Cuba" class="mw-redirect" title="Association football in Cuba">Association Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_in_Cuba" title="Baseball in Cuba">Baseball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_in_Cuba" title="Boxing in Cuba">Boxing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Cuba" title="Women in Cuba">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Cuba" title="Demographics of Cuba">Demographics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cubans" title="Cubans">Cubans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Cubans" title="Afro-Cubans">Afro-Cuban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cuban_Americans" title="List of Cuban Americans">American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verdean_Cuban" class="mw-redirect" title="Cape Verdean Cuban">Cape Verdean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Cubans" title="Chinese Cubans">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciboney" title="Ciboney">Ciboney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_Cubans" title="Filipino Cubans">Filipino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_immigration_to_Cuba" title="French immigration to Cuba">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_Cuban" title="Haitian Cuban">Haitian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isle%C3%B1o" class="mw-redirect" title="Isleño">Isleños</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Cubans" title="Italian Cubans">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Cubans" title="Japanese Cubans">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Cuba" title="History of the Jews in Cuba">Jewish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koreans_in_Cuba" title="Koreans in Cuba">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Lebanese_people_in_Cuba" title="List of Lebanese people in Cuba">Lebanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_immigration_to_Cuba" title="Mexican immigration to Cuba">Mexican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_immigration_to_Cuba" title="Spanish immigration to Cuba">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Latin_Americans" title="White Latin Americans">White</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By occupation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cuban_architects" title="List of Cuban architects">Architects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cuban_artists" title="List of Cuban artists">Artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cuban_athletes" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Cuban athletes">Athletes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_players_from_Cuba" title="List of Major League Baseball players from Cuba">Baseball players</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cuban_painters" title="List of Cuban painters">Painters</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cuban_abstract_painters" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Cuban abstract painters">abstract</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cuban_writers" title="List of Cuban writers">Writers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cuban_women_writers" title="List of Cuban women writers">women</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Cuba" title="Category:Cuba">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/10px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/15px-Global_thinking.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/21px-Global_thinking.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Cuba" title="Outline of Cuba">Outline</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" 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